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  • 1
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    Univ. Freiburg (Breisgau)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Observations of the solar corona show loop-like structures formed by plasma at temperatures of one million degrees and higher. Since the solar surface is much cooler than the corona, a heating mechanism must be responsible for the high temperatures. The dissipation of magnetic fields in the corona could provide such a heating mechanism. However, the process of transforming magnetic energy into thermal energy is still not yet understood in detail. To investigate this process and its impact on the heating of the corona, we employ a three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical model. This numerical model synthesizes the temporal evolution of the magnetic field above an Active Region. It includes the solar atmosphere from the photosphere up to the corona. The magnetic field in the corona is braided by foot point motions in the photosphere. This is done imilarly to the braiding through granulation in reality. The stressed agnetic field induces currents which are then dissipated in the corona. This dea is known as the DC model (direct current) and was proposed by Parker in 1972. The model reaches a quasi-stationary state, i.e. the energy input by hotospheric motions is counterbalanced by radiative losses in the optically thin corona. As a result, the described heating process creates and sustains a hot corona with a temperature of one million degrees and higher ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 523 ; TGC 765 ; TGC 800 ; Korona {Astronomie: Sonne} ; Magnetfelder {Astronomie: Sonne}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 108 S.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) is searching for solar axions, which could be produced in the core of the Sun via the so-called Primakoff effect. For this purpose, CAST uses a decommissioned LHC prototype magnet. In its magnetic field of 9 Tesla axions could be reconverted into X-ray photons. The magnet is mounted on a structure built to follow the Sun during sunrise and sunset for a total of about 3 hours per day. The analysis of the data acquired during the first phase of the experiment with vacuum in the magnetic field region yielded the best experimental upper limit on the axion-to-photon coupling constant for axion masses up to about 0.02 eV. In order to extend the sensitivity of the experiment to a wider mass range, the CAST experiment continued its search for axions with helium in the magnet bores. In this way it is possible to restore coherence for larger masses. Changing the pressure of the helium gas enables the experiment to scan different axion masses. In the first part of this second phase of CAST, helium-4 has been used and the axion mass region was extended up to 0.4 eV ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 523 ; TII 100 ; TCE 380 ; Dunkle Materie {Astronomie: Interstellare Materie} ; CCD, Photodetektoren {Astronomische Instrumente}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 266 S.
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  • 3
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    Univ. Freiburg (Breisgau)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The solar surface outside sunspots and active regions, i.e., the quiet Sun, shows the ubiquitous pattern of granulation in the photosphere. The quiet solar photosphere harbors small-scale magnetic structures inside and between granules. This thesis presents thermodynamic properties of the small-scale magnetic flux concentrations in the quiet Sun using high spatial and temporal resolution observations along with numerical simulations. Spectral line profiles of the Fe I 630 nm pair and Ca II H were used to trace the photospheric and chromospheric layers of the magnetic elements. In the presence of magnetic field spectral lines split and are polarized via the Zeeman effect. The difference of a spectral line profile, measured in left and right circular polarized light, is a Stokes-V profile with two lobes. In the absence of any gradients of velocity or magnetic field along the line of sight, Stokes-V profiles are anti-symmetric. The different area of the two lobes, the Stokes-V area asymmetry, provides information about the gradients of the magnetic and velocity fields along the line of sight. Comparing high resolution spectropolarimetric data with synthetic maps of a 3D MHD simulation, we found several magnetic elements in the photosphere showing a central region of negative Stokes-V area asymmetry surrounded by a peripheral region with larger positive asymmetry ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 523 ; TGC 745 ; TGC 755 ; TGC 800 ; Photosphäre {Astronomie: Sonne} ; Chromosphäre {Astronomie: Sonne} ; Magnetfelder {Astronomie: Sonne}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 146 S.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Observations of the sun are almost always impaired by the turbulent motion of air in Earth's atmosphere. The turbulence would limit the theoretical resolution of modern large telescopes to that of amateur telescopes without additional tools.Today however, high-resolution data of the Sun are necessary to invesitgate its small-scale structure. This structure is likely to be connected to the radially outward increasing temparature distribution of the solar atmosphere. An introduction into further details of this topic that has also been the motivation for this work is presented in Chapt. 1. A theory of atmospheric turbulence that builds the basis for several results of this work is described in Chapt. 2. Here, two modern tools to enhance the resolution of groundbased observations are reviewed, on the one hand adaptive optics (AO) systems and on the other hand speckle interferometry. Until recently, these two techniques were only used separately. In Chapt. 3 the necessary modifications for analytical models of transfer functions are developed that include the changes made by an AO system to the incoming wave front, thus making a combination of AO systems and speckle interferometry possible ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 523 ; TGC 100 ; TGC 740 ; Sonnenbeobachtung {Astronomie} ; Sonnenatmosphäre
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 137 S.
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  • 5
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    Univ. Freiburg (Breisgau)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Photospheric bright points are proxies for small-scale magnetic flux concentrations.These magnetic elements are thought to be the building blocks of the solar magnetic field and are important to understand many physical processes on the Sun, e.g. the variability of the solar irradiance.Because of their small size (100-200 km in diameter) the observations of photospheric bright points put special requirements on the seeing conditions, instrumental setup and post-processing techniques ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 523 ; TGC 800 ; TGC 745 ; Magnetfelder {Astronomie: Sonne} ; Photosphäre {Astronomie: Sonne}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 105 S.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 43 S.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The emphasis between theoretical, global and regional geography, proportion from research to publication has changed several times during the history of Hungarian geography. Certain scholars of Hungarian geography (geo-philosophers, and some theorists) were explicitly attached to theoretical issues of geographic science, yet the majority of geographers advantaged the concrete territorial descriptions and analysis. The regional approach appeared in the Hungarian geography much earlier than the demand on clarification of the theoretic issues of landscape. The first attempt to divide the country into macro landscapes was carried out in the first half of the 1500's. From this time on the geographic science formulated a demand to analyse the internal structure of the country within the frameworks of public administration or in the framework of some other way delimited geographic macro-regions. The administrative space enjoyed for centuries a favoured role, yet the demand for analyses based on the macro regional delimitation was always represented too. On general level the issues of landscape have already been present in Hungarian geographic science (the formulation of concepts, categories, border marking theories etc.), but Hungarian geographic science concerning the territorial research of Hungary has achieved the greatest results mostly in the fields of analytical landscape research, and evaluation ...
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 51 S.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 102 S.
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  • 9
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 126 S.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The paper is concerned with the development stages and the spatial transformation of the Hungarian banking system in the economic transition & post-transition periods. It gives an overview of the development tendencies of the financial re-integration into the global market and particularly concentrates on the spatial polarisation factors (concentration de-concentration; centralisation decentralisation) which affect banking. The paper explores the arguments behind the extremely high centralisation of headquarter functions in Budapest and the factors that have impact on the establishment of locally-regionally based banks. This is followed by an introduction of the different organisational (institutional) and territorial (location strategies) level of the Hungarian banking system, dealing with either the domestic or the international financial central-function of Budapest and the reorganisation of the bank network and with its social consequences (financial exclusion) in the regions. The paper argues that EU membership is not a dramatic event in the integration process of the Hungarian banking sector, partly due to its particular ownership structure, the integration of the banking sector has already taken place. The paper concludes that the EMU integration could have been affected more adversely the Hungarian regions already characterised by the endogenous disparities, which are to a large extent rooted in the deficiency of their financial base.
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 68 S.
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 46 S.
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 130 ; Angewandte Geographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 40 S.
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 194 ; Budapest {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 54 S.
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 33 S.
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Human activities result in climate changes with various impacts on forest ecosystems. An increase in global surface temperature, compared to pre-industrial levels, is already recorded and further elevation is expected. Extreme events, such as hot and dry periods, would increase in frequency and duration in near future. Due to the low adaptive capacity of forest ecosystems to rapid climate changes, high priority is given to the assessment of their responses. Particularly, studies on forests dominated by the drought susceptible European beech, especially when grown on limestone-derived soils with low water storage capacity, being common in Central and Southern Europe, are important. Moreover, climate models emphasize the significance of management practices for the adaptation to the expected changes, since they could contribute to the mitigation of possible adverse effects of climate change. The present study assessed the effects of different climatic conditions on the nitrogen and water status of natural beech regeneration grown in managed (thinned) and not managed (control) stands in a forest in Southern Germany. A SW-exposed site, characterized by low water availability and high temperature and radiation interception, was regarded as representative of the climate conditions expected in the future, whereas a NE-exposed site was used as typical of present climatic conditions...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.6 ; TUG 000 ; Biometeteorologie und Bioklimatologie
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 41 S.
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 020 ; Kulturgeographie von Südosteuropa
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 58 S.
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QEN 520 ; Sowjetisch geprägte sozialistische Stadt {Siedlungsgeographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 51 S.
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  • 18
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGG 420 ; Kulturgeographie der ehemaligen UDSSR
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 63 S.
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 150 ; Teilräume von Ungarn {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 68 S.
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  • 20
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 44 S.
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; QEI 000 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns ; Politische Geographie, Geopolitik
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 90 S.
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 137 S.
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGD 425 ; Einzelne Orte von England {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 60 S.
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 65 S.
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 130 ; Angewandte Geographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 54 S.
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  • 26
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 194 ; Budapest {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 75 S.
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 76 S.
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  • 28
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: This paper is introducing a method for analysing the differences and dynamics of the social utilisation of space. The essence of this method lies in the registration of changes in the spatial structure of settlements through analysing the spatial shifts of settlements within settlement network hierarchy with the identification of coherent spatial units. The analysis of spatial relations, i.e. microregional planning is a very useful method as it helps in mapping the interrelationship of settlements, and their major linking points, as well as in identifying their positions in the settlement hierarchy and through the analysis of the directions of gravitational force may localise their gravitational zones as well. Hereinafter, this method will be named as spatial relationship analysis. The startup phase for the workout of this method was funded by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund's Programme titled 'The Integration Ability of Rural Spaces in Hungary's Socio-economic Process' (registration no. T 7236).
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 92 S.
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 101 S.
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The main purposes of the academic research commissioned by the Rural Development Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development were: to examine the interrelation between long-term unemployment and individual as well as family life strategies, the regional characteristics of the labour market and the territorial development of rural areas, as well as explore governmental and local ambitions to alleviate long-term unemployment and evaluate their efficiency. The basic issues of the research were as follows: 1) Which are the regions where the concentrations of long-term unemployment can be found and what are the reasons for it? 2) What kind of interrelation can be observed between long-term unemployment and the potential of the social and economic development of the regions? 3) What central and local attempts have there been to alleviate long-term unemployment? 4) What results did these initiatives have and what were the reasons for their success or failure? 5) What foreign models can be followed when trying to alleviate long-term unemployment? 6) Which are the economic sectors, in which employment of those long-term unemployed is the most possible? The research was carried out by the horizontal work-team of rural development of the Centre for Studies Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 85 S.
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 94 S.
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 39 S.
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 92 S.
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 140 ; Teilfragen zu Ungarn {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 30 S.
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: This paper examines the impact of the Hungarian banking system on regional and urban development in the early 20th century, when local banks were important territorial elements of the financial space developing close links to regional economic structures. The basic concept of the study is that there is closer connection not only between the banking sector and the economy as a whole, but between the banking sector and urban development as well. This is coincided with the argument of the American Historical Geographical school (Conzen, 1977) says that the features of the urban network are in strong correlation with the spatial structure of banking system and the diffusion of financial innovations. We considered the spatial breakdown of capital flows are one of the most important indicators of the regional and urban transformation (Gál, 2005). The Hungarian banking system looks back to a history of more than 160 years. Examining the impact of the banking system on regional and urban development is reasonable in the second half of the 19th century, since in Hungary developed an extensive financial system with a well researchable statistical database (Vargha, 1913). The Hungarian banking system was well developed in comparison to international standards by the first decade of the 20th century (Kövér, 1991; Tomka, 1996). Moreover, it became one of the most rapidly growing sectors of the domestic economy of that time ...
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 73 S.
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 130 ; Angewandte Geographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 55 S.
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 194 ; Budapest {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 73 S.
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The most prominent features on the surface of the solar disc are the sunspots, which have been studied since their detection in the 17th century. Despite this years and centuries of scientific investigations, surprisingly many facets of sunspots are not well understood. In this thesis, the properties of a sunspots' penumbra are derived from the observed spectra by means of an inversion, a forward modeling technique. A method for the construction of a 3-dimensional model of the field topology from the inversion results is presented. It offers the possibility to build a toy-model of the spot. This allows to investigate the relationships between the geometry and other properties of the sunspot like flow velocities, intensity, temperature, or field strength. The application of the procedure to time series of observations will allow to study the temporal evolution of the geometry and the other properties, to determine the physical processes happening and their respective drivers. A second part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of isolated field concentrations in the surroundings of the sunspot. These isolated magnetic elements are assumed to be the elementary building blocks of the solar surface magnetism. In the turbulent surroundings of the solar atmosphere, only relatively strong concentrations with a field strength above 1 kG are assumed to be stable at all ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 523 ; TGC 800 ; Magnetfelder {Astronomie: Sonne}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 166 S.
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  • 39
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    Univ. Freiburg (Breisgau)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Satellite observations with high spatial and temporal resolution have revealed the highly dynamic nature of the solar corona and enabled us to study physical processes in the outer atmosphere of our mother star in great detail. This thesis deals with dynamic processes in coronal loops, i.e. magnetic structures which may be thought of as the elementary building blocks of the solar corona. Using computational fluid dynamics as a tool, I calculate time-dependent models of solar coronal loops in order to address the following questions: Are dynamic processes in coronal loops, such as flows and transient brightenings, necessarily the result of a time-dependent driving mechanism? Can various observations of fast downflows be explained by a common mechanism? Which parameters determine the dynamics of coronal loops? It is found that coronal loops which are predominantly heated around their footpoints can develop a thermal instability in the upper part of the loop. This instability results in a self-amplifying catastrophic cooling process and leads to the formation of dense, cool plasma condensations. The first part of the work focuses on plasma condensations in short cool loops, which presumably constitute the solar transition region, and describes how the catastrophic cooling process leads to transient brightenings in spectral lines formed in the transition region ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 523 ; TGC 765 ; TBI 000 ; Korona {Astronomie: Sonne} ; Ultraviolett-Astronomie
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 161 S.
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In this study we present a finite-volumen scheme for solving the equations of radiation magnetohydrodynamics in two and three space dimensions. Among other applications this system is used to model the plasma in the solar convection zone and in the solar photosphere. It is a non--linear system of balance laws derived from the Euler equations of gas dynamics and the Maxwell equations; the energy transport through radiation is also included in the model. The starting point of our presentation is a standard explicit first and second order finite-volume scheme on both structured and unstructured grids. We first study the convergence of a finite-volume scheme applied to a scalar model problem for the full system of radiation magnetohydrodynamics. We then present modifications of the base scheme. These make it possible to approximate the system of magnetohydrodynamics with an arbitrary equation of state; they reduce errors due to a violation of the divergence constraint on the magnetic field, and they lead to an improved accuracy in the approximation of solution near an equilibrium state. These modifications significantly increase the robustness of the scheme and are essential for an accurate simulation of processes in the solar atmosphere ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 523 ; TGC 400 ; Strahlung der Sonne {Astronomie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 305 S.
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  • 41
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Our study analyses changes undergoing in the relation system of metropolitan areas2 and the issues of social and economic relations arising from the restructuring of spatial and regional disparity systems. Global-scale economic, social and political integration, the processes of global urbanisation, globalising urban networks and the transformation of their subsystems are increasing the importance of large cities and their metropolitan areas. They are squeezing out the earlier systems of spatial relations having shaped up behind nation-state boundaries in the past. All these trends are also manifested by the vigorously increasing importance of cities (Barta, 1998; Cséfalvay, 1999; Enyedi, 2001, 2003, 2006; Knox, 2002). The spatial structuring force of cities and metropolitan areas is leaving its marks on the relation system of cities and their urban areas as well. The earlier hierarchical, mono-centric and core-periphery3 based spatial disparity model of urban areas is now in transition (Ascher, 1995; Baron et al., 2005; Barta - Beluszky, 1999; Enyedi, 2003; Merlin, 2003; Mirloup, 2002; Szirmai et al. 2007). The social, economic and environmental impacts of the newly structured and urbanised regions (Enyedi, 2001, 2003) will reconfigure the system of earlier spatial disparities (Beckouche et al. 1997; Marcuse, 1989; Szirmai, 2004). Besides (and partly instead of) monocentric and hierarchical schemed relations, horizontal cooperation models based on the functional division of labour and networked organisational systems will operate as the driving engines of spatial organisation ...
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 100 ; Ungarn {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 53 S.
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Territory as we know it is in constant change; distances shorten, new synergies are established, and new challenges make mankind search for answers and ways to develop in a sustainable and environment-friendly way. New contacts with people having different experiences are important because they give the opportunity to learn from others. The European Union is a great example of what is described above. Borders are open, people can freely move within the Schengen Area, territorial harmonisation is an objective of this community in order to provide better living conditions for all citizens, strengthen the economy and equilibrate disparities among regions in each country and all European members. The present study is a result of a European programme called Leonardo da Vinci, which offers work experience for post-graduates. In this case the synergy is between Letters Faculty of Lisbon University and Centre for Regional Studies of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Transdanubian Research Institute). The objective of the report is to provide a comparative work on the Portuguese and Hungarian territorial planning system. It is divided into three parts: first, the explanation and comprehension of the Portuguese territorial management system, its instruments and institutions are presented, which is followed by the discussion of the same issues for the Hungarian territory we identify instruments and institutions responsible for territorial organisation in connection with planning; and finally, a comparison of the two systems is given.
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 100 ; Ungarn {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 48 S.
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: With the concept generally known as Wider Europe, the European Union has mapped out an ambitious vision of regional Neighbourhood that goes beyond cooperation to involve a significant measure of integration. Furthermore, the EU sees this new quality of regional interaction and partnership as bringing enormous gains to all involved in terms of increased stability, security and well being. The EUDIMENSIONS (Local Dimensions of a Wider European Neighbourhood: Developing Political Community through Practices and Discourses of Cross-Border Co-operation) research project, financed under the European Union 6th Framework Programme, priority 7, chapter 4.2.1 (New Borders, New Visions of Neighbourhood), has sought to map and analyse crossborder cooperation and political contact-building between the European Union and neighbouring states, with a special emphasis on the development of civil society, economic interaction and the specific issue of gender in the crossborder relationship network. Crossborder cooperation in this respect has been understood as subject to changing political constellation and rhetoric, involving considerable tension between inclusion, or Neighbourhood (the European Union's efforts to integrate its wider neighbourhood in various forms of political and economic partnership) and exclusion, or Fortress Europe (the increasing securitisation of Europe's external borders in order to protect the community from unregulated flows of goods and people) ...
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; QGG 530 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns ; Ukraine {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 65 S.
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 67 S.
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 218 S.
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QER 800 ; Verkehrsgeographie {Wirtschaftsgeographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 72 S.
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The results of the representative sociological research of Hungarian cities and their centres are showing a Hungarian way in the general development tendencies of the European and East Central-European city centres. The processes of transition, the impacts of European and global economic integration have adjusted the characteristic features of Hungarian big city centres to the inner space character of European big cities. According to the results of research the central areas of Hungarian big cities following the major features of West European big cities re concentrating high social classes: people with high educational level and high professional qualifications and with high incomes. The marketable, younger and more active demographic groups also prefer settling down in the internal zones of urban space10. The presence of low social classes is higher in suburbs and in backwarded urban peripheries. However handicapped social classes are present in city centres as well and the members of high social classes have also emerged in urban peripheries. The controversial situation of European and East Central European city centres can be well illustrated by the fact that Hungarian big city centres are concentrating not only high social classes and advanced economy (with high-tech infrastructure and sophisticated institutional system and services) but the majority of physical and social problems as well. The central zones of Hungarian big cities are facing much more social problems than their suburbs and peripheries. The further we are moving away from city centres the lower severity of social problems we meet ...
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 39 S.
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  • 48
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; QGG 360 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns ; Slowakei {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 80 S.
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 45 S.
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  • 50
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 41 S.
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 130 ; Angewandte Geographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 47 S.
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGG 560 ; Europäisches Rußland {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 57 S.
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  • 53
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 150 ; Teilräume von Ungarn {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 146 S.
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  • 54
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 120 ; Kulturgeographie Ungarns
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 127 S.
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  • 55
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    RKK, Pécs
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 100 ; Ungarn {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 63 S.
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QGF 140 ; Teilfragen zu Ungarn {Geographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 51 S.
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  • 57
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    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: This short discussion paper is a cross section or a thematic summary of a considerably longer work. The limited scope of the Discussion Papers series does not allow lengthy, detailed explanations or extensive references, only the presentation of mainly summarizing statements. In spite of the ensuing vulnerability, I did not refrain from the publication of my ideas in this form, hoping that they will become accessible to a wider readership in this way and the positive of negative feedback received will help me improve or further elaborate my theory. Hungary abandoned the practice of the former 'socialist' type planning in the early 1990s and even wound up the institutions related to it, but the development of a new planning system seems to take a longer time than expected. I believe that in a situation like this the best thing we can do to assist practice is to offer a sound theoretical foundation. A general theory can not only lead to a better understanding of the gist and possible forms of planning but can also serve as a basis for a continuously developing methodology of learning and rationalization. My purpose is to foster changes in attitudes to planning and to develop a new philosophy of planning with emphasis on teleology. I also intend to raise awareness concerning the limitations we have to face in the exploration of a given situation ...
    Description: report
    Keywords: 910 ; 914 ; QFG 000 ; Raumordnung und Raumplanung {Anthropogeographie}
    Language: English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
    Format: 89 S.
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