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  • bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine  (1,154)
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  • 101
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Arthritis has a high prevalence globally and includes over 100 types; the most common types are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory arthritis. All types of arthritis share common features, including monocyte infiltration, inflammation, synovial swelling, pannus formation, stiffness in the joints, and articular cartilage destruction. The exact etiology of arthritis remains unclear, and no cure exists as of yet. Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs and corticosteroids) are commonly used for the treatment of arthritis. However, these drugs are associated with significant side effects, such as gastric bleeding and an increased risk of a heart attack and other cardiovascular problems. Therefore, it is crucial that we continue to research the pathogenesis of arthritis and novel modes of therapy. This reprint summarizes and discusses the themes of 19 articles published in our Special Issue “Research of Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutics in Arthritis 3.0”. The reprint details important novel research discoveries that contribute to our current understanding of arthritis.
    Keywords: Arthritis ; Treatment ; Molecular mechanisms ; Inflammatory cytokines ; Prevention ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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  • 102
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: In order to be able to analyze and give proper advice on sport techniques, it is important to understand the biomechanical and physiological demands of different sports. In a coaching situation, feedback to the athlete should be given without too much delay. Over the past decades, sensor technology-related to sports monitoring has developed with huge steps. Senors are lighter, data transmission is mostly wireless, and software applications are more user-friendly. This reprint is addressed to all kinds of sensors that are currently being used for monitoring different sports.
    Keywords: bending sensors ; flexion ; PyzoFlex ; ski bending ; ski deflection ; micro-sensor technology ; GNSS ; IMU ; disability ; heterogenous group ; cross-country skiing race ; performance analysis ; sub-technique classification ; time factor ; kayaking ; biomechanics ; canoe polo ; inertial measurement unit ; kinetics ; lower limbs ; load cells ; foot strap ; foot rest ; force measurements ; wearable sensors ; inline figure skating ; sports biomechanics ; human movement analysis ; propulsive force ; V2-skating skiing technique ; double-poling skiing technique ; global positioning system ; tracking system ; quantification ; substitutes ; high-intensity ; compensatory training ; monitoring system ; alpine skiing ; micro-electro-mechanical system sensors ; sport engineering ; training ; neural network ; motion sensor ; dance analysis ; data visualization ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 103
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The discovery of new drugs is one of pharmaceutical research's most exciting and challenging tasks. Unfortunately, the conventional drug discovery procedure is chronophagous and seldom successful; furthermore, new drugs are needed to address our clinical challenges (e.g., new antibiotics, new anticancer drugs, new antivirals).Within this framework, drug repositioning—finding new pharmacodynamic properties for already approved drugs—becomes a worthy drug discovery strategy.Recent drug discovery techniques combine traditional tools with in silico strategies to identify previously unaccounted properties for drugs already in use. Indeed, big data exploration techniques capitalize on the ever-growing knowledge of drugs' structural and physicochemical properties, drug–target and drug–drug interactions, advances in human biochemistry, and the latest molecular and cellular biology discoveries.Following this new and exciting trend, this book is a collection of papers introducing innovative computational methods to identify potential candidates for drug repositioning. Thus, the papers in the Special Issue In Silico Strategies for Prospective Drug Repositionings introduce a wide array of in silico strategies such as complex network analysis, big data, machine learning, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and QSAR; these strategies target diverse diseases and medical conditions: COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis, non-small lung cancer, multiple sclerosis, toxoplasmosis, psychiatric disorders, or skin conditions.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; drug repurposing ; topological data analysis ; persistent Betti function ; SARS-CoV-2 ; network-based pharmacology ; combination therapy ; nucleoside GS-441524 ; fluoxetine ; synergy ; antidepressant ; natural compounds ; QSAR ; molecular docking ; drug repositioning ; UK Biobank ; vaccine ; LC-2/ad cell line ; drug discovery ; docking ; MM-GBSA calculation ; molecular dynamics ; cytotoxicity assay ; GWAS ; multiple sclerosis ; oxidative stress ; repurposing ; ADME-Tox ; bioinformatics ; complex network analysis ; modularity clustering ; ATC code ; hidradenitis suppurativa ; acne inversa ; transcriptome ; proteome ; comorbid disorder ; biomarker ; signaling pathway ; druggable gene ; drug-repositioning ; MEK inhibitor ; MM/GBSA ; Glide docking ; MD simulation ; MM/PBSA ; single-cell RNA sequencing ; pulmonary fibrosis ; biological networks ; p38α MAPK ; allosteric inhibitors ; in silico screening ; computer-aided drug discovery ; network analysis ; psychiatric disorders ; medications ; psychiatry ; mental disorders ; toxoplasmosis ; Toxoplasma gondii ; in vitro screening ; drug targets ; drug-disease interaction ; target-disease interaction ; DPP4 inhibitors ; lipid rafts ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 104
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Over 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered by oceans and seas, which are massively complex and consist of diverse assemblages of life forms. Marine bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms develop unique metabolic and physiological capabilities that enable them to survive in extreme habitats and to produce compounds that might not be produced by their terrestrial counterparts. In the last few decades, the systematic investigations of marine/marine-derived microorganisms as sources of novel biologically active agents has exponentially increased. This Special Issue will focus on aspects relating to new bioactive metabolites from marine microorganisms including the isolation, taxonomy, and/or dereplication of microorganisms and the corresponding isolation, structure elucidation, biosynthesis, and/or biological activities of the new compounds. Comprehensive topical review articles relating to marine metabolites will also be considered.
    Keywords: co-culture ; marine microbes ; natural products ; structural diversity ; biological activities ; food allergy ; deep-sea-derived viridicatol ; X-ray single crystal ; intestinal barrier ; mast cell ; calcium influx ; Chlorella ; enzymes ; lipases ; molecular modeling ; sulfated polysaccharides ; antiviral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; docking ; molecular dynamic simulations ; sea cucumber ; bioactivity ; diversity ; microorganism ; polyketides ; alkaloids ; marine-derived fungus ; Penicillium sp. ; indole-diterpenoids ; cytotoxicity ; antibacterial activity ; Leizhou Peninsula ; mangrove soil ; actinomycetia ; antimicrobial activity ; secondary metabolites ; dereplication ; metabolomics tools ; trioxacarcins ; mansouramycins ; isoquinolinequinones ; marine-derived Streptomyces sp. ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 105
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, diagnosed after the 20th week of gestation in women experiencing new-onset hypertension along with symptoms affecting the liver, kidneys, or brain. In some cases, women with preeclampsia develop novel seizures or unexplained coma, at which time they are diagnosed with eclampsia. The mechanisms contributing to preeclampsia and eclampsia are not fully elucidated, although the placenta seems to play a critical role. Previous studies suggest that improper placentation stimulates mitochondrial dysfunction and the exaggerated release of placental-derived molecules including inflammatory cytokines, anti-angiogenic factors, reactive oxygen species, and cell-free nucleic acids into the maternal circulation that cause systemic vascular dysfunction. These, along with maternally derived molecules, act in concert, leading to hypertension and target organ damage during pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and eclampsia.In this reprint, we present the original research articles and review papers published as part of the Special Issue: "The Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia" in Cells.
    Keywords: pre-eclampsia ; eclampsia ; pulmonary oedema ; biobank ; database ; placental ischemia ; seizure ; ASIC2a ; pregnancy ; RUPP ; pentylenetetrazol ; melatonin ; extracellular vesicle ; exosome ; preeclampsia ; misfold proteins ; endothelial cell activation ; p21Cip1/CDKN1A ; trophoblasts ; hypoxia ; trophoblast organoids ; fusion ; angiotensin II ; AGTR1 (angiotensin II receptor type 1) ; bradykinin ; BDKRB2 (bradykinin receptor B2) ; AT1R-B2R heteromer (protein complex formed of AT1R-B2R) ; G-protein-coupled receptor ; protein aggregation ; ARRB (beta-arrestin) ; early-onset preeclampsia ; hemorheology ; red blood cell aggregation ; red blood cell deformability ; erythrocyte ; hypertension ; IL-2 ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; sFlt-1 ; NLRP3 ; nitric oxide ; endothelial dysfunction ; neuroinflammation ; blood–brain barrier ; cerebral edema ; gestation ; vessel ; blood pressure ; placenta ; trophoblast ; fetal growth restriction ; maternal chronic venous disease (CVeD) ; anti-inflammation ; antioxidant ; ischaemia ; vitamin E ; glucose transporter 9 ; GLUT9 ; uric acid ; cardiac dysfunction ; placental factors ; activin A ; G-protein-coupled receptors ; GPCR ; weighted gene correlation network analysis ; WGCNA ; blood-brain barrier ; in vitro studies ; cerebral biomarkers ; NfL ; tau ; NSE ; S100B ; nebivolol ; adrenoceptor ; obesity ; biomarkers ; adipokines ; adiponectin ; leptin ; ROS ; angiogenic factors ; hypoxia/reoxygenation ; sFlT-1/PlGF ratio ; primary trophoblast ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 106
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The human body poses various biological barriers to protect itself from pathogens, foreign materials and is important for its functioning and development. This reprint serves as a collection of research and review articles describing novel approaches and new therapeutic modalities to overcome biological barriers. This collection is a must read for scientists working in the field of drug and vaccine delivery.
    Keywords: blood-brain barrier ; integrity marker ; sorbitol ; positron emission tomography ; focused ultrasound ; zolmitriptan ; intranasal ; bilosomes ; sodium deoxycholate ; mucoadhesive gel ; brain targeting ; blood–brain barrier ; drug formulation ; drug hybrids ; intra-arterial delivery ; intracranial malignancies ; intranasal delivery ; monoterpene ; monoterpenoid ; NEO100 ; carbomer hydrogel ; whitening agents ; enhancers ; enhancement site and mechanism ; drug release and permeation ; inhaled drug delivery ; prodrug ; liposome formulation ; propofol ; micelle ; DSPE mPEG2k ; Solutol HS 15 ; diclofenac ; optimization ; pharmacokinetic ; pharmacodynamic study ; long acting ; sustained delivery ; biologics ; silica microparticles ; exosome ; brain delivery ; BBB crossing ; transcytosis ; peptide-drug conjugates ; blood–placental barrier ; Zika virus ; BBB shuttles ; porphyrins ; antivirals ; epidermal growth factor receptor ; non-small cell lung cancer ; Lamin B2 ; AMPK ; Osimertinib ; RNA seq ; proteomics ; RT-PCR ; blood–brain tumor barrier ; permeabilization ; brain tumors ; primary central nervous system lymphoma ; tumor necrosis factor-alpha ; targeted delivery ; vascular targeting ; CD13 ; TNF ; TNF receptors ; NGR-TNF ; polyamidoamine dendrimers ; diabetic retinopathy ; protein kinase C-β inhibitor ; nanoparticles ; ruboxistaurin ; blood brain barrier ; electropermanent magnet ; magnetic resonance imaging ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 107
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    Collège de France
    Publication Date: 2023-12-06
    Description: There is, on the one hand, life that flows from a beginning to an end, and, on the other hand, life that constitutes human singularity because it can be recounted. We may term them “biological life” and “biographical life”. Life expectancy measures the length of the former; a life story relates the richness of the latter. Only by acknowledging both can the inequality of lives be comprehended. They should be conceived of as being both distinct and connected: distinct, because the paradox of French women shows that a long life is no guarantee of a good life; connected, because the experience of African-American men stands as a reminder that a devalued life is a damaged life. This also raises the question of refugees and migrants.
    Keywords: society ; health ; public health ; sociology ; social science ; anthropology ; inequality ; life ; social inequality ; life expectancy ; lives ; inequity ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFH Illness & addiction: social aspects ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFJ Social discrimination & inequality ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 108
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: Based on this evidence, a deep understanding of the immunological status and biological targets modulating immunological microenvironments should be quite informative for the development of future immunotherapy in HCC. From this point of view, this Special Issue will highlight the current state of the art in the immunotherapy of HCC from both the basic and clinical perspectives, and outline future perspectives for improving therapies.
    Keywords: cancer immunotherapy ; TCGA ; mutations ; copy number variations ; microRNAs ; PD-1 ; PD-L1 ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; predictive factors ; immunotherapy ; immune checkpoint inhibition ; check-point inhibitors ; liver disease ; outcome ; biomarkers ; combination immunotherapy ; immune-related adverse events (irAEs) ; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ; alpha fetoprotein response ; immune checkpoint inhibitor ; unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma ; a disintegrin and metalloprotease 9 ; nivolumab ; natural killer ; CTLA-4 ; combination therapy ; PD-1 antibody ; PD-L1 antibody ; anti-VEGF inhibitor ; molecular classification ; immune phenotype ; stem cell marker ; oncogenic signal ; β-catenin ; genetic alteration ; liver cancer ; effectiveness ; safety ; HCC ; molecular-targeted agent ; TACE ; tyrosine kinase inhibitor ; CD14+ cells ; programmed death 1 ligands ; translational approaches ; combination therapies ; therapy resistance ; predictive markers ; tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells ; immune checkpoint blockade ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 109
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint focuses on land use/land cover (LULC), natural hazards and their interactions, changes, and impacts. Over the past few decades, the risks due to natural hazards have increased significantly, to a large extent due to changes in LULC, which are triggered mainly by anthropic pressure on landscapes, i.e., urbanization, forest management practices, agricultural practices, and the like. As a result, LULC changes contribute significantly to changes in the variability or magnitude of natural hazards, such as floods, landslides, and erosion. Therefore, this reprint provides a collection of studies focused on the interactions between LULC and different types of natural hazards, which were studied in several research areas around the world.
    Keywords: flash floods ; intense rainfall ; urbanized areas ; damage ; anthropic impacts ; West Mediterranean ; Italy ; land use change ; surface runoff ; urban development ; green infrastructure ; Xiamen ; land use/land cover legacy ; airborne LiDAR-based HRDTM ; generalized additive model ; landslide susceptibility modeling ; historical landslide inventory bias ; biomass extraction ; farmers’ perception ; NDVI ; climate change ; remote sensing ; GIS ; NDBI ; flood risk ; land use ; settlement development ; agricultural land use ; flood-prone areas ; Alpine regions ; landslide modelling ; shallow landslides ; soil cohesion ; soil tillage ; river meandering ; river morphology ; centerline migration ; satellite images ; loess ; filled slope ; physical model test ; interface effect ; stability ; river morphodynamics ; Landsat data ; planform changes ; forest fire ; fire danger rating systems ; environmental fire danger ; fire indices ; drought indices ; remote sensing fire indices ; fire ignition probability ; climate change extremes ; land cover ; QGIS ; MOLUSCE ; Great Yellow River Region ; mountain hazards ; land take ; landslide hazard ; land cover change ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 110
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Musculoskeletal research deals with the effects of the orthopedic treatment of pathologies on the biomechanics of the affected areas and on the musculoskeletal system. Biomechanical measurement methods enable the quantitative determination of these influences and allow for an assessment of their extent and size for the patient (in vivo). The range of examination methods is particularly wide in this field of musculoskeletal research. On the one hand, in vitro examinations under laboratory conditions on simplified models, such as artificial bones or specimens from donors, will be implemented. With the help of these models, for example, new biomaterials or implants for the treatment of fractures are often examined for their primary stability or the influence of a joint replacement on the kinematics. In contrast to experimental in vitro studies, numerical methods will be increasingly applied to analyze a large number of implant configurations and loading scenarios. With the method of clinical motion analysis, a comprehensive view of the musculoskeletal system is performed directly in vivo on the patient. For example, it allows for the monitoring and control of therapeutic interventions. These are just a few examples from the field of musculoskeletal research and its methods. They all have the common goal of increasing patient safety. This Special Issue intends to provide the reader with an exciting overview of current research in the field of biomechanical investigations for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases.
    Keywords: motion analysis ; kinematics, repeatability ; lower extremity ; optical infrared camera motion capturing system ; proximal femoral varization osteotomy ; blade plate ; screw side plate ; cervical spine surgery ; allograft spacer ; subsidence ; finite element model ; knee osteoarthrosis ; surgery ; posturography ; postural subsystems ; pain ; quality of life ; glycogenosis type II ; acid maltase deficiency ; enzyme replacement therapy ; balance ; lateral mass ; pedicle screws ; leg alignment ; unilateral hip osteoarthritis ; gait analysis ; joint loading ; external joint moments ; reliability ; model-based RSA ; elementary geometrical shape models ; accuracy ; hip arthroplasty ; migration ; gonarthritis ; meniscus ; articular cartilage ; biomechanical testing ; mapping ; indentation ; instantaneous modulus ; tissue biomechanics ; partial threading ; fatigue life ; biomechanical analysis ; spinal fixation ; knee joint kinematics ; wear bearing ; rolling-sliding mechanism ; test bench ; cement-in-cement ; revision ; aging cement ; joint arthroplasty ; cement ; bending strength ; joint replacement ; hip joint ; range of motion ; impingement ; TKA ; wear simulator ; ISO standard ; FEM ; finite element ; supracondylar humeral fracture ; biomechanical study ; sagittal pinning ; Kirschner wires ; digital templating ; short-stem ; lateral view ; femoral torsion ; hip deformity ; femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) ; heel strike ; toe off ; carbon dioxide lavage ; pulsatile lavage ; bone preparation ; total knee arthroplasty ; total hip arthroplasty ; polyethylene wear ; roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis ; precision ; pelvic orientation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 111
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: COVID-19 is the most prominent and rapidly evolving public health concern in the world currently. The gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 are increasingly being recognized. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with the occurrence of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. SARS-CoV-2 has also been causing pancreatic and hepatic injury. Emerging data have shown that COVID-19 patients continue to shed the virus into their stools, even when patients test negative for COVID-19 in pulmonary secretions. However, the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of SARS-CoV-2-related gastrointestinal manifestations are poorly understood. The pandemic has also had a significant impact on gastroenterologists, endoscopists, and other ancillary staff. Moreover, in the past, systematic respiratory virus syndrome (SARS) was shown to be transmitted by endoscopes, which is a big concern with COVID-19, as it shares many pathological features with SARS. The deferral of elective endoscopic procedures has negatively affected gastroenterologists. This Special Issue focuses on the current situation of this pandemic. It aims to provide insight into the gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 and its effects on endoscopic procedures. I believe that this issue will be beneficial not only for gastroenterologists but also other healthcare workers around the world to recognize the often-ignored clinical gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; liver ; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis ; transient elastography ; mortality ; liver disease ; clinical manifestations ; SARS-CoV-2 ; gastroenterology ; hepatology ; endoscopy ; delivery of healthcare ; acute mesenteric ischemia ; thromboemboembolism ; endothelitis ; cytokines ; hypercoagulability ; inflammatory bowel disease ; gastrointestinal manifestations ; abdominal pain ; dyspnea ; clinical course ; upper gastrointestinal bleeding ; pandemic ; outcomes ; anxiety ; depression ; medication adherence ; severity of COVID-19 ; hospitalized patients ; risk factors ; SARS-CoV-2 infection ; gut dysbiosis ; microbiota ; gastrointestinal disorders ; intestinal inflammation ; ACE2 dysregulation ; gut microbiota ; enteric infection ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 112
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Since the 1990s, global academic publishing has been transformed by digitisation, consolidation and the rise of the internet. The data produced by commercially owned citation indexes increasingly defines legitimate academic knowledge. Publication in prestigious ‘high impact’ journals can be traded for academic promotion, tenure and job-security. African researchers and publishers labour in the shadows of a global knowledge system dominated by ‘Northern’ journals and by global publishing conglomerates. This book goes beyond the numbers. It tells the story of how the Ghanaian academy is being transformed by this bibliometric economy. It offers a rich account of the voices and perspectives of Ghanaian academics and African journal publishers. How, where and when are Ghana’s researchers disseminating their work, and what do these experiences reveal about an unequal global science system? Is there pressure to publish in ‘reputable’ international journals, what role do supervisors, collaborators and mentors play, and how do academics manage in conditions of scarcity? Putting the insights of more than 40 Ghanaian academics into dialogue with journal editors and publishers from across the continent, the book highlights creative responses, along with the emergence of new regional research ecosystems. This is an important Africa-centred analysis of Anglophone academic publishing on the continent and its relationship to global science.
    Keywords: Ghana ; publishing ; science ; global sciece ; academic publishing ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTP Publishing industry and journalism::KNTP1 Publishing and book trade ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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  • 113
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: The Special Issue titled “Recent Advances in Long-Acting Drug Delivery and Formulations” encompasses versatile and innovative research domains of oral, ocular, brain, and topical delivery systems and chemical approaches (e.g., prodrugs), highlighting the progress made in identifying excipients (e.g., basic amino acids to ameliorate gastric side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)), polymers, and molecular targets to achieve more effective sustained release systems and safer medicine. In this Special Issue, 78 authors have contributed, with eleven original research articles spanning five continents (Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, and Australasia) providing important insights into the pharmaceutical sciences.
    Keywords: drug delivery ; nanotechnology ; alzheimer’s disease ; Amyloid-β ; solid lipid nanoparticles ; SHSY5Y cells ; altretamine ; cancer therapy ; sustained delivery ; hydroxyapatite nanoparticles ; chemical precipitation method ; polymeric film ; diabetes mellitus ; skin regeneration ; wound healing ; sodium alginate ; sodium carboxy methyl cellulose ; microwave ; cross-linking ; ketoprofen ; L-arginine ; L-lysine ; tris ; basic amino acids ; writhing ; gastric ulcer ; chitosan ; 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylic acid ; hydrogels ; rheology ; alginate ; BSA ; Maillard reaction ; age-related-macular degeneration ; drug release ; fenofibrate ; retinal cells ; HIV ; long-acting subcutaneous injection ; raltegravir ; cyclisation-activated prodrugs ; β-blockers ; NSAIDs ; corticosteroids ; ocular delivery ; drug permeability ; QSPR ; MLR ; Alzheimer’s disease ; GSK-3β-Wnt/β-catenin ; PERK/CHOP/Bcl-2 ; oxidative stress ; cocoa ; vinpocetine ; diabetes ; salbutamol ; skeletal muscle atrophy ; sarcosine ; metabolomics ; factorial design ; controlled release ; topical delivery ; texture analysis ; bioadhesion ; intermolecular interactions ; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ; polyvinylpyrrolidone ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 114
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Many cancer diagnosis and treatment modalities have been developed over time, among which radioisotopes have been widely used. Recently, with the application of magnetic nanoparticles, a wide range of non-invasive diagnosis and treatment methods using magnetic techniques have attracted attention. This Special Issue introduces a lymph node biopsy method with a magnetic probe for the treatment of cancer, rapid immunostaining using magnetic nanoparticles in pathological diagnosis, cancer imaging with MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)/MPI (magnetic particle imaging), magnetic hyperthermia for cancer treatment, and the development of magnetic nanoparticles.
    Keywords: nonpalpable breast lesion ; breast cancer ; magnetic maker ; magnetic probe ; surgery ; nanomedicine ; superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) ; adoptive T cell transfer ; immune therapy ; targeted transport ; solid tumor ; magnetic targeting ; sentinel lymph node biopsy ; superparamagnetic iron oxide ; magnetic tracer ; sentinel lymph node ; magnetism ; cancer ; tumor ; in vitro ; metastatic cascade ; review ; hyperthermia ; magnetic hyperthermia ; magnetic nanoparticles ; magnetic nanoparticle-induced biological effects ; clinical trial ; new therapies ; sentinel lymph node dissection ; super paramagnetic iron-oxide particles ; rat model ; magnetic technique ; superparamagnetic nanoparticles ; cancer cell photothermal therapy ; surface charge targeting ; folic acid targeting ; vitamin E TPGS modification ; magnetic particle imaging ; magnetic drug delivery ; prostate cancer ; lymphadenectomy ; metastases ; superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles ; radioisotopes ; in situ diagnosis ; rapid detection ; extracellular vesical quantification ; presurgical screening ; pathological diagnosis ; sentinel node mapping ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; SPIO ; radioisotope ; oral cancer ; superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) ; tracer distribution ; MRI ; lymphography ; histopathology ; grading system ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 115
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint focuses on new trials related to cataract surgery, intraocular lens power calculations for cataracts after refractive surgery, problems related to high myopia, toric IOL power calculations, etc. Intraoperative use of the 3D Viewing System and OCT, studies on the spectacle dependence of EDOF, IOL fixation status and visual function, and dry eye after FLAC are also discussed. Proteomic analysis of aqueous humor proteins is also discussed.
    Keywords: aqueous humor ; label free ; cataract ; risk factor ; proteomics ; alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein ; fetuin-A ; IOL power calculation after LASIK ; no-history method ; cataract surgery ; anterior–posterior ratio of the corneal radius of the curvature ; axial length ; conditional process analysis ; effective lens position ; intraocular lens power calculation ; tilted microscope positions ; 3D viewing system ; patients unable to lie flat ; n/a ; toric intraocular lens ; cataract surgery workflow ; efficiency ; refractive surgery ; refractive lens exchange ; clear lens exchange ; visual quality ; contrast sensitivity ; scleral fixation ; intraocular lens ; anterior segment OCT ; intraoperative OCT ; surgical technique ; SMILE ; IOL calculation ; ray tracing ; artificial intelligence ; EDOF ; presbyopia ; multifocal lens ; photic phenomena ; IOL accuracy ; high myope ; high axial length ; Caucasian ; Kane ; Barrett ; EVO ; Hill-RBF ; Holladay 1 ; SRK/T ; dry eye ; femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) ; phacoemulsification ; cornea ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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  • 116
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Several factors have been identified as interfering with the success, rehabilitation, and fitness of athletes from childhood to adulthood, as well as in para-sport, and special populations, according to research. The performance and health of this population are affected by the relationships between stress, maturation, training load, and recovery. Environmental approaches aim to increase efficiency and physiological adaptations in this sense. In various situations and conditions, however, this stimulus–performance–adaptation relationship varies.As a result, we received contributions related (but not limited) to the following topics: training load monitoring; stress and physiological responses during exercise or sports; recovery process after exercise; changes after stress and/or training load; physiology of training in health and sports performance.
    Keywords: visceral adipose tissue ; military ; metabolic syndrome ; cut-off points ; DXA ; warm-up ; muscle force ; performance ; resistance training ; thermal imaging ; physiology ; backstroke ; breaststroke ; start ; sink ; cortisol ; people with disabilities ; physical activities ; South Korea ; social determinants of health ; focus group interviews ; Paralympic Games ; Tokyo 2020 ; sociodemographic ; well-being ; resilience ; social support ; athletes ; disability ; performance indicators ; sports ; footwork ; reaction time ; agility ; physical activity environment ; relative importance ; priority ; pro bono ; intention ; pre-service physical activity instructor ; theory of planned behavior ; leisure time physical activity ; volunteering ; swimming ; social inclusion ; adapted physical activity ; respite care ; altitude ; hemoglobin ; erythropoietin ; hypoxia ; maximum volume of oxygen ; para powerlifting ; athletes with disabilities ; scoping review ; PAGER framework ; bibliometrics ; physical fitness ; body composition ; health ; measurement ; Down syndrome ; load-velocity relationship ; autoregulation ; load monitoring ; fixed-loading ; Wingate anaerobic performance ; paralympic sport ; para-rowing ; bibliometric analysis ; back pain ; sport ; sleep deficiency ; aerobic exercise ; oxidative stress ; hs-CRP ; stress ; hormones ; salivary glands ; endocrine ; autonomic nervous system ; immune system ; disabled athletes ; infection ; lymphocytes ; cytokines ; narrative review ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
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  • 117
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This collection of articles provides an overview of the current and future methods for applying a personalized medicine approach to the diagnosis, management, and treatment of autism spectrum disorder.
    Keywords: fecal metabolites ; ASD ; microbiome ; gastrointestinal symptoms ; Fisher Discriminant Analysis ; digital biomarkers ; wearables ; time series analysis ; autism ; social dyads ; socio-motor parameters ; network connectivity ; non-linear complex dynamics ; stochastic analysis ; autism spectrum disorders ; copy number variants ; females ; Array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization (Array-CGH) ; autism spectrum disorder ; Ehlers-Danlos syndrome ; hypermobility spectrum disorders ; autonomic disorder ; mast cell activation syndrome ; genetic testing ; chromosomal microarray analysis ; whole exome sequencing ; whole genome sequencing ; clinical utility ; polygenic risk scores ; Temple Grandin ; biomarker ; omics ; precision medicine ; proteomics ; transcriptomics ; epigenetics ; metabolomics ; patient stratification ; mitochondria ; oxidative stress ; prenatal environment ; immune dysfunction ; immunoglobulin G ; intravenous immunoglobulin ; energy metabolism ; fatty acid oxidation ; acyl-carnitines ; resveratrol ; integrative ; model ; concomitant ; condition ; disorder ; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ; genomics ; personalized treatment strategy ; single nucleotide polymorphisms ; clinical decision support tool ; ADHD ; PANDAS ; OCD ; anxiety ; folate receptor alpha ; folates ; pregnancy ; brain development ; fetal development ; cobalamin ; glutathione ; methylation ; methylcobalamin ; redox metabolism ; locked-in network syndrome ; resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging ; temporal lobe epilepsy ; amygdala ; brain ; COVID-19 ; children ; cytokines ; flavonoids ; inflammation ; luteolin ; mast cells ; microglia ; SARS-CoV-2 ; stress ; nutraceuticals ; survey ; vitamins ; minerals ; B12 ; folinic acid ; quality of life ; parents ; intervention ; systematic review ; medical claims ; logistic regression analysis ; retrospective analysis ; associated risk ; monoamine neurotransmitters ; neurotransmitter deficiency ; cerebral folate deficiency ; folate receptor alpha autoantibodies ; leucovorin ; α-amylase ; cortisol ; heart rate variability ; neuromodulation ; sleep anxiety ; transdermal electrical neuromodulation ; neurostimulation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Every president needs a decisionmaking system that harnesses the full capabilities and accumulated wisdom of the U.S. government and the nation’s many stakeholders. This Perspective analyzes a range of management challenges in the national security system and presents recommendations for strengthening U.S. decisionmaking and oversight of policy implementation.
    Keywords: Political Science ; General Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSH Espionage and secret services ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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  • 119
    Publication Date: 2023-11-17
    Description: Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord in patients with multiple sclerosis is crucial for diagnosis as well as monitoring and predicting disease activity. Comprehensive MR measurements including assessment of brain and spinal cord volume changes have the potential to improve patient monitoring, allow earlier detection of subclinical disease activity, and identify patients with depleted brain reserve who are at highest risk of disability progression. Cerebral atrophy measurements are now a secondary outcome of many clinical trials, although their wider use in routine clinical practice is still hampered by some technical limitations. However, evidence from clinical practice shows that assessment of brain and spinal cord volume change is feasible and has the potential to improve patient treatment.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: multiple sclerosis ; brain atrophy ; diagnosis ; measurements ; disease ; monitoring ; magnetic resonance ; cerebral atrophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This book introduces the idea of anthroponomy – the organization of humankind to support autonomous life – as a response to the problems of today’s purported ""Anthropocene"" age. It argues for a specific form of accountability for the redressing of planetary-scaled environmental problems. The concept of anthroponomy helps confront geopolitical history shaped by the social processes of capitalism, colonialism, and industrialism, which have resulted in our planetary situation. Involving Anthroponomy in the Anthropocene: On Decoloniality explores how mobilizing our engagement with the politics of our planetary situation can come from moral relations. This book focuses on the anti-imperial work of addressing unfinished decolonization, and hence involves the ""decolonial"" work of cracking open the common sense of the world that supports ongoing colonization. ""Coloniality"" is the name for this common sense, and the discourse of the ""Anthropocene"" supports it. A consistent anti-imperial and anti-capitalist politics, one committed to equality and autonomy, will problematize the Anthropocene through decoloniality. Sometimes the way forward is the way backward. Written in a novel style that demonstrates – not simply theorizes – moral relatedness, this book makes a valuable contribution to the fields of Anthropocene studies, environmental studies, decolonial studies, and social philosophy. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC-BY-NC-SA)
    Keywords: anthroponomy;climate change;collective responsibility;decolonization;environmental agency;environmental ethics;environmental geography;environmental philosophy;environmental politics;environment and economy;mass extinction;the anthropocene ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WM Gardening ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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  • 121
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This Special Issue of Nutrients is addressing the topic ‘Nutrition, Diet and Food Allergy’. Globally, food allergy affects 1.5% of adults and 5% of children and this prevalence is increasing in recent decades, representing a public health problem. Different mechanisms are involved in food allergic diseases with distinctive clinical characteristics: IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated phenotypes will be distinguished in the Issue, considering the early recent literature on the prevalence, age of onset, follow-up recommendations and duration of food allergies. Moreover, the management of these fascinating diseases will be discussed with particular attention on nutritional hazards, risks of allergic reactions to new allergens, problems with missed labelling (precautionary allergen labelling (PAL)). Especially, the dietary restrictions and the re-introduction of allergens lead to a significant burden for affected patients, fear of accidental ingestions and related risk of severe reactions, resulting in a reduced quality of life among patients with food allergies.
    Keywords: nutrients ; infant gut microbiome ; pregnancy ; vegetables ; fruits ; atopic dermatitis ; dysbiosis ; food allergy ; gut ; infants ; microbiota ; skin ; 16S rRNA sequencing ; allergy ; anemia ; cow’s milk ; children ; immunology ; non-IgE-mediated food allergy ; pneumonia ; pulmonary hemosiderosis ; pulmonary infiltrates ; nut allergy ; oral food challenge ; peanut ; prick by prick ; serum specific IgE ; skin prick test ; tree nut ; milk allergy ; non-IgE mediated CMA ; food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome ; FPIES ; labelling ; prevention ; proteomics ; mass spectrometry ; cow’s milk allergy ; food hypersensitivity ; gastrointestinal disorder ; non-IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity disorder ; wheat allergy ; anaphylaxis ; epinephrine ; schools ; scoping review ; teachers ; peach allergy ; molecular allergy ; Pru p 3 ; Pru p 7 ; peamaclein ; oral allergy syndrome ; pollen-food allergy syndrome ; oral immunotherapy ; undeclared allergens ; pediatric ; food allergies ; risk ; RASFF ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 122
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Terrestrial and marine environments are inexhaustible sources of compounds and active extracts which have been employed in medicine since ancient times. The aim of this reprint is to collect new approaches around compounds and extracts isolated from natural products and their biological activity, with a focus on anti-inflammatory pathways. Thus, this reprint compiles full original papers and reviews articles published during 2023 in a Special Issue of Life, titled “Inflammation and Natural products”. The publications within this reprint are focused on secondary metabolites of plants demonstrating significant antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties, among others, and clinical relevance in various pathological conditions. It also includes reviews that focus on natural therapies for topics such as arthritis, lung diseases, neuroprotection, skin photoprotection, and the impact of gender in the use of medicinal plants in relation to vascular diseases. The reprint of this Special Issue will serve as a reference text for researchers and academics, as well as those studying natural products and their pharmacological activities.
    Keywords: Laurus nobilis ; Arbutus undeo ; volatile compounds ; anti-diabetic ; anti-inflammatory ; antimicrobial ; Ziziphus jujuba leaves ; rutin ; quercetin ; chlorogenic acid ; lipophilic ointment ; healing activity ; anti-inflammatory properties ; Alzheimer’s disease ; biflavonoids ; ginkgetin ; neuroprotection ; ginkgo ; vascular dysfunction ; endothelium ; plant extracts ; gender ; safety ; botanicals ; garlic ; traditional medicine ; ethnopharmacology ; hesperidin ; inflammation ; respiratory lung diseases ; flavonoids ; usnic acid ; enantioselective ; plumbagin ; plumbaginaceae ; natural compound ; antioxidant ; antibacterial ; antiparasitic ; anti-senescence ; stem cells ; Polypodium leucotomos ; Fernblock® ; photoprotection ; photodermatoses ; photoaging ; hyperpigmentation ; rheumatoid arthritis ; triterpenes ; celastrol ; betulinic acid ; ginsenosides ; saponins ; essential oils ; Melissa officinalis ; oregano ; lavender ; Chios Mastic (Mastiha) ; glucocorticoid receptor ; anti-inflammatory actions ; apoptosis ; anti-hyperglycemic actions ; royal jelly ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antioxidant activity ; natural products ; anticancer potential ; biological activity ; systemic lupus erythematosus ; clinical ; autoimmune diseases ; natural product ; supplement ; medicinal plant ; immunomodulatory ; review ; herbal medicine ; psoriasis ; Ficus carica fruit extract ; JAK–STAT modulation ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Research in ophthalmic drug delivery has developed significant advances in the last few years, and efforts have been made to develop more effective topical formulations to increase drug bioavailability, efficiency, and safety. Drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye remains a great challenge in the pharmaceutical industry due to the complexity and particularity of the eye's anatomy and physiology. Some advances have been made with the purpose of maintaining constant drug levels in the site of action. The anatomical ocular barriers have a great impact on drug pharmacokinetics and, subsequently, on the pharmacological effect.Despite the increasing interest in efficiently reaching the posterior segment of the eye with reduced adverse effects, there is still a need to expand the knowledge of ocular pharmacokinetics that allow the development of safer and more innovative drug delivery systems. These novel approaches may greatly improve the lives of patients with ocular pathologies.
    Keywords: excitotoxicity ; neurodegeneration ; retina ; microparticles ; controlled drug release ; rebamipide ; sustained delivery system ; dry eye ; eyelid ; mucin ; ocular pharmacokinetics ; ocular drug delivery systems ; ocular routes of drug administration ; intravitreal administration ; topical administration ; anti-angiogenesis ; corneal neovascularization (NV) ; epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) ; gelatin ; hyaluronic acid (HA), nanoparticles ; RGD peptide ; eye drops ; retinal penetration ; neuroprotection ; protein aggregation ; stability ; intravitreal delivery ; CNTF ; corticosteroids ; drug delivery systems ; intravitreal dexamethasone implant ; intravitreal injections ; Ozurdex ; drug delivery ; glaucoma ; ROCK inhibitor ; fasudil ; PLGA microspheres ; intravitreal injection ; trabecular meshwork ; Schlemm’s canal ; retinal pigment epithelium ; Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing ; dexamethasone acetate ; cyclodextrins ; hydrogels ; rheology ; cytotoxicity studies ; transcorneal permeation ; radiolabeled ocular biopermanence ; blood-retinal barrier ; cationic drug ; transport ; lysosomal trapping ; atropine ; ophthalmic solution ; myopia ; amphotericin B ; γ-cyclodextrins ; fungal keratitis ; lutein ; PLGA ; PLGA–PEG–biotin ; ARPE-19 ; macular edema ; age-related macular degeneration ; biotin-decorated nanoparticles ; polymeric nanoparticles ; targeted therapy ; ocular drug delivery ; half-life extension ; albumin ; therapeutic proteins ; size exclusion chromatography ; iron ; retinal degeneration ; retinitis pigmentosa ; transferrin ; gene therapy ; plasmid electrotransfection ; dexamethasone ; poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid ; ophthalmology ; microspheres ; periocular administration ; gamma sterilization ; tolerance ; in vitro model ; in vitro drug release ; intravitreal implants ; SLA 3D-printing ; triamcinolone acetonide ; USP apparatus 4 ; USP apparatus 7 ; vitreous substitute ; dissolution ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Plastic and reconstructive surgery has a broad spectrum of different reconstructive techniques, including split skin transplantation and local and free flaps. By means of microsurgery and perforator flaps, every reconstructive issue can be addressed by tailored techniques. Flaps can comprise different tissues and can be designed using new imaging technologies in order to increase the safety of the procedures and to retain the form and function of the reconstructed area in accordance with the donor site morbidity. This Special Issue of the Journal of Personalized Medicine focuses on the following topics:Individualized microsurgery;Flap imaging;Customized perforator flaps;Monitoring flap perfusion;Tailored tissue engineering for reconstruction;Biofabrication applications in personalized plastic and reconstructive surgery.
    Keywords: flap grafting ; microsurgery ; biosensor ; bioelectrical impedance ; rat ; hyperspectral imaging ; Allen’s test ; radial forearm free flap ; microvascular surgery ; reconstructive surgery ; perfusion monitoring ; flap imaging ; critical bone defect ; vascularized fibula ; Capanna technique ; Masquelet induced membrane ; intercalary reconstruction ; bone tumor ; ballistic trauma ; perforator flaps ; DIEP ; thermal imaging ; laser Doppler ; perineal reconstruction ; VRAM flap ; neourethra ; urethral reconstruction ; posttraumatic lymphedema ; long bone fractures ; soft tissue injury ; lower extremity ; HSI ; objective ; hyperspectral signature ; timely recognition ; reconstruction ; head and neck ; non-invasive ; non-contact ; cytostatic agents ; doxorubicin ; indocyanine green ; oncology ; perfusion ; surgical oncology ; peripheral nerve injury ; psychosocial factor ; nerve repair ; neuroma ; brachial plexus injury ; compression neuropathy ; pain ; depression ; disability ; quality of life ; scar ; scar therapy ; algorithm ; free flap ; tissue transfer ; perforator propeller flap ; combined perforator propeller flap ; soft tissue reconstruction ; propeller flap ; perforator flap ; irradiation ; imaging ; malperfusion ; sternal defect reconstruction ; deep sternal wound infection ; DSWI ; reconstructive microsurgery ; tensor fasciae latae flap ; TFL flap ; muscle transplantation ; rat gastrocnemius ; in situ stimulation ; muscle contraction ; perfusion-decellularization ; autologous breast reconstruction ; free tissue transfer ; indocyanine green angiography ; transit-time flowmetry ; neurofibromatosis ; craniofacial ; surgical treatment ; multidisciplinary team ; plexiform neurofibroma ; forequarter amputation ; targeted muscle reinnervation ; osteomusculocutaneous flap ; fillet flap ; epaulette flap ; interscapulothoracic amputation ; spare parts ; CTA ; DIEP flap ; MS-TRAM flap ; perforator ; personalized medicine ; reconstructive breast surgery ; mastectomy-skin-flap perfusion ; mastectomy-skin-flap necrosis ; suture materials ; crush load ; mechanical properties ; wound closure ; adipose-derived stem cells ; ADSC ; MCF-10A ; mammary epithelial cells ; fibroblasts ; epithelial-mesenchymal transition ; mesenchymal markers ; breast infection ; peri-prosthetic infection ; breast implant infection ; silicone prostheses ; negative pressure wound therapy ; instillation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MN Surgery
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint focused on the advancements in the field of shoulder arthroplasty in recent years. These concern surgical indications that have dramatically evolved and planification and navigation. The rapid development of surgical techniques and new prosthetic designs, as well as glenoid and humeral reconstruction for various conditions, is also overviewed. Despite the important progress highlighted in this reprint, there is currently a myriad of prosthetic designs, highlighting the evolving nature of this field.
    Keywords: reverse total shoulder arthroplasty ; DSA ; LSA ; lateralization ; distalization ; radiographic analysis ; shoulder arthroplasty ; glenohumeral osteoarthritis ; avascular necrosis of the humeral head ; hemi arthroplasty ; total shoulder arthroplasty ; young patients ; prosthesis ; design ; range of motion ; degeneration ; PROMs ; results ; complication ; reverse shoulder arthroplasty ; proximal humerus fracture ; hemiarthroplasty ; projections ; revision ; shoulder ; arthroplasty ; anatomic arthroplasty ; reverse arthroplasty ; periprosthetic shoulder infection ; two-stage exchange ; mortality ; reimplantation ; defect ; reconstruction ; autologous graft ; survivorship ; loosening ; integration ; patient reported outcome measures ; VBHC ; value-based health care ; patient value ; quality ; costs ; COVID ; coronavirus ; length of stay ; same-day discharge ; pandemic ; tranexamic acid ; TXA ; arthroscopy ; bleeding ; systematic review ; meta-analysis ; acromion morphology ; glenoid retroversion ; wear ; osteoarthritis ; computed tomography ; anatomic total shoulder replacement ; reverse total shoulder replacement ; Lazarus score ; Sirveaux score ; older patients ; clinical scores ; conversion ; failed hemiarthroplasty ; shoulder hemiprosthesis ; modular reverse prosthesis ; glenohumeral osteoarthrosis ; shoulder dislocation ; shoulder instability ; dislocation arthropathy ; stemless ; inlay ; onlay ; augment ; head split ; splitting ; tuberosity ; healing ; union ; trauma ; humerus ; low ; high ; energy ; double shadow ; pelican sign ; anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty ; posteroinferior approach ; rotator cuff-sparing ; anatomical study ; cuff tear arthropathy ; polyethylene ; scapular notching ; larger glenosphere ; clinical outcome ; metal back glenoid ; midterm results ; radiologic outcome ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 126
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The Special Issue entitled “Pediatric and adolescent nephrology facing the future: diagnostic advances and prognostic biomarkers in everyday practice” contains articles written in the era when COVID-19 had not yet been a major clinical problem in children. Now that we know its multifaceted clinical course, complications concerning the kidneys, and childhood-specific post-COVID pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS), the value of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in the pediatric area should be appreciated, and their importance ought to increase.
    Keywords: chronic kidney disease ; cytokines ; solitary functioning kidney ; tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis ; netrin-1 ; renal tubular damage ; premature newborns ; overactive bladder ; urinary microbiome ; children ; adolescents ; cystatin C ; galectin-3 ; periostin ; primary hypertension ; arterial damage ; blood pressure ; neurogenic bladder ; myelomeningocele ; markers ; furosemide stress test ; hyperfiltration ; [IGFBP-7] × [TIMP-2] ; NGAL ; renal angina index ; renal functional reserve ; tubular damage ; tubuloglomerular feedback ; neurotrophins ; transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ; hemopexin ; nephrotic syndrome ; HNF1B ; hyperuricemia ; PTH ; renal function ; uric acid ; FEUA ; sclerostin ; obesity ; childhood ; dental caries ; gingivitis ; kidney injury ; glomerulopathy ; glomerular injury ; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein ; urinary mRNA expression of podocyte-associated proteins ; cathepsin B ; premature neonates ; immaturity ; NT-proBNP ; cardiovascular disease ; common carotid artery intima-media thickness ; bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 ; bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-6 ; extracellular matrix metalloproteinases inducer (EMMPRIN) ; macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) ; tubular functional reserve ; cytokeratin-18 ; endoglin ; transforming growth factor-β1 ; renal fibrosis ; congenital obstructive nephropathy ; diabetic kidney disease ; vascular endothelial markers ; eGFR ; adenine nucleotide metabolites ; chronic renal failure ; antibiotic resistance ; Escherichia coli ; inflammatory markers ; urinary tract infection ; B2M ; cancer ; CCS ; CKD ; nephropathies ; renal toxicity ; voiding cystography ; infection ; urinary tract ; IgA nephropathy ; IgA vasculitis with nephritis ; vanin-1 ; biomarker ; urinary tract infections ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; medical decision support system ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neurological syndrome, characteristic of patients with liver disease, that causes a wide and complex spectrum of nonspecific neurological and psychiatric manifestations, ranging from a subclinical entity such as minimal or covert hepatic encephalopathy to a deep form in which a complete alteration of consciousness can be observed: overt hepatic encephalopathy. Both minimal and overt hepatic encephalopathy have a high impact on patients, caregivers, and national health services, driving substantial consumption of economic resources. In this Special Issue, we discussed the current state-of-the-art research, address ongoing knowledge gaps, and ongoing controversies related to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of hepatic encephalopathy.
    Keywords: hyperammonemia ; liver ; mitochondria ; ketogenesis ; gluconeogenesis ; brain energy crisis ; cirrhosis ; liver disease ; epidemiology ; hepatic encephalopathy ; transjugular portosystemic intrahepatic shunt ; liver cirrhosis ; minimal hepatic encephalopathy ; nerve conduction ; thermal sensitivity ; autonomic testing ; n/a ; bile acids ; antibiotic resistance ; enema ; capsules ; hospitalizations ; cognitive function ; liver failure ; encephalopathy ; delirium ; coma ; porto-sinusoidal vascular liver disease ; idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension ; portal vein thrombosis ; porto-systemic shunt ; sarcopenia ; myosteatosis ; protein caloric-malnutrition ; dietary intervention ; mortality ; quality of life ; sleep disorders ; therapy ; non-absorbable disaccharides ; rifaximin ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    University of Arkansas Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Thin Safety Margin charts the history of SEFOR, a twenty-megawatt reactor that operated for three years in the rural Ozark Mountains of Arkansas as part of an internationally sponsored program designed to demonstrate the Doppler effect in plutonium-oxide-fueled fast reactors. Authors Jerry Havens and Collis Geren draw upon this history to assess the accidental explosion risk inherent in using fast reactors to reduce the energy industry’s carbon dioxide emissions. If a sufficiently powerful fast-neutron explosion were to cause the containment of a reactor such as SEFOR’s to fail, the reactor’s radiotoxic plutonium fuel could vaporize and escape into the surrounding environment, resulting in a miles-wide swath of destruction. The demonstration that the Doppler effect could prevent limited runaway reactivity in the event of an accident or natural disaster proved a critical development in producing safe nuclear technology. But while SEFOR was hailed as a breakthrough in nuclear safety, Havens and Geren’s examination of the project, including the partial SCRAM that occurred in late 1970, confirms experts’ concerns regarding the limits of the Doppler effect and presents a compelling argument for caution in adopting fast reactors like SEFOR to reduce carbon emissions.
    Keywords: Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint is an excellent collection of articles that deal with difficult-to-treat infections in the ICU environment. Multiresistant bacteria and fungi create severe treatment problems to the physician charged with their care. We hope that this book will help everyday dilemmas and add useful information on difficult topics.
    Keywords: Acinetobacter ; pandrug-resistant ; antimicrobial combinations ; synergy ; renal replacement therapy ; Monte Carlo simulation ; antibiotics ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; microbiome ; probiotics ; intensive care unit ; dysbiosis ; ventilator-associated pneumonia ; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ; ECMO ; critical illness ; antibiotic choices ; HAP ; VAP ; colonization ; antibiotic pressure ; bloodstream infection ; bacteraemia ; sepsis ; septic shock ; empirical ; probabilistic antibiotics ; source control ; de-escalation ; ICU ; intensive care ; antimicrobial stewardship ; COVID-19 ; procalcitonin ; C-reactive protein ; presepsin ; infection ; biomarker ; guided antimicrobial therapy ; APACHE II score ; bacteremia ; broth microdilution ; colistin ; colistin-resistant ; Gram-negative ; mortality ; SOFA score ; candidemia ; incidence ; epidemiology ; Candida species ; non-albicans Candida species ; fluconazole resistance ; critically ill ; beta-lactam antibiotics ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; antibiotic optimisation ; antibiotic stewardship (AMS) ; aspiration pneumonia ; hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) ; multidrug-resistance (MDR) ; non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) ; polymicrobial ; pneumonia resolution ; ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) ; carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAb) ; infection control ; antimicrobial agents ; carbapenems ; antibiotic resistance ; clinical pharmacy services ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; salvage treatment ; double carbapenem ; newer β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitors ; cefiderocol ; eravacycline ; SARS-CoV-2 infection ; mechanical ventilation ; risk factors ; blood stream infection ; defined daily dose ; antibiotics utilization ; empiric ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: This reprint offers a comprehensive and updated overview of the current state-of-the-art techniques in the management of various neurological disorders. These disorders include neurodegenerative diseases, neurovascular disorders, and neuro-oncological diseases. The reprint also presents the latest advances and innovations in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these complex conditions, emphasizing the role of cutting-edge technologies, such as neurobiology, neuroimaging, neuroinformatics, neuropharmacology, and neurosurgery. This reprint is a useful resource for researchers, clinicians, students, and anyone interested in the current challenges and perspectives of neurological disorders.
    Keywords: atherosclerotic ; residual stenosis ; reocclusion ; endovascular treatment ; Alzheimer’s disease ; mild cognitive impairment ; tau positron emission tomography ; deep learning radiomics ; glioblastoma ; natural killer cells ; immune function ; interferon ; gross total resection ; neuropsychological tests battery ; machine learning ; screening tool ; Florzolotau PET ; functional connectivity ; neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease ; NIID ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; MELAS ; reversible DWI hyperintensities ; virtual reality ; neurological ; cognitive ; rehabilitation ; diagnosis ; metaverse ; Erdheim–Chester disease ; histiocytosis ; neurohistiocytosis ; cerebellar ataxia ; myelin proteolipid protein ; protein structure prediction ; functional analysis ; multiple sclerosis ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; NOTCH2NLC ; intermediate-length repeats ; nucleotide repeat expansion ; Tau PET ; radiomics ; Alzheimer’s Disease ; Mild Cognitive Impairment ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: This reprint focuses on fundamental and applied research on asymmetry of movement and postural balance and underlying functions in humans. Experimental protocols based on kinetic, kinematic, radiological, functional magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial Doppler ultrasound data taken from healthy, young, elderly and pathological individuals provide new insights into asymmetry in human movement and posture and are presented in the Special Issue.
    Keywords: gait ; kinematics ; spatio-temporal ; multiple sclerosis (MS) ; cyclograms ; angle-angle diagrams ; symmetry ; self-face recognition ; right hemisphere ; self-awareness ; asymmetry ; human ; development ; locomotion ; posture ; walking robot ; dominant leg ; acute exercise ; fatigue ; sport practice ; middle cerebral artery ; diameter ; blood flow ; stroke ; shear stress ; neonate ; handedness ; sidedness ; brain asymmetry ; children posture ; side dominance ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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  • 132
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Dual disorders, meaning the coexistence in the same individual of a substance use disorder and another mental disorder, have become an area of great interest in the fields of psychiatry and addiction and in health overall due to their high prevalence, clinical relevance and multicultural presence. This book includes a compilation of papers published between the end of 2021 and the beginning of 2023 focused on recent advances in dual disorders. The contributions present a broad look at various relevant aspects. Among them are the characterization of patients treated in different services, with special interest in the risk of overdoses, suicidal attempts and HIV, as well as the so-forgotten gender perspective and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the attention of addiction centers. One of the first studies to consider the comorbidity of gambling disorders with substance use is also presented. The possible usefulness of explanatory models of machine learning for diagnosis and for performing chronobiological measurements that allow a more individualized treatment stand out among the novel contributions to the field of dual disorders. The aim of each of the contributions of this reprint is to be transferred for the benefit of clinical practice.
    Keywords: circadian rhythm ; dual disorders ; chronobiology ; substance use disorders ; schizophrenia ; major depressive disorder ; bipolar disorder ; distal skin temperature ; dual diagnosis ; consultation liaison service ; quality of life ; gender ; substance use disorder ; genetic polymorphisms ; neurocognition ; chronobiological therapy ; exposure to natural light ; clinical course ; alcohol-use disorders ; personality disorders ; externalizing ; network analysis ; antisocial personality disorder ; borderline personality disorder ; dual disorder ; mental disorders ; screening ; cocaine use disorder ; alcohol use disorder ; substance-related disorders ; treatment retention ; cannabis use disorder ; machine learning ; dual pathology ; COVID-19 ; care activity ; pandemic ; drug addiction ; mental health ; gambling disorder ; gambling-related offenses ; dropout ; relapse ; psychopathology ; personality ; substance use ; psychiatric comorbidity ; impulsivity ; co-occurring disorders ; suicidality ; overdose ; HIV ; patient navigation ; barriers to care ; social determinants of health ; syndemic framework ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: The present Special Issue will lead you to discover the association between cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, through update reviews and original articles exploring the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning this association and describing the latest results in term of cardiovascular event prevention. An interesting scientific journey that reflects the recent advances in pharmacological treatments and interventional procedures.
    Keywords: low-density lipoprotein receptor ; apolipoprotein E ; hyperglycemia ; type 2 diabetes ; Western diet ; diabetes mellitus ; GPCRs ; GPR26 ; monocytes ; peripheral blood cells ; metabolomics ; diabetes ; N-Acetyl asparagine ; QTc ; cardiac fibrosis ; scar tissue ; anti-fibrotic therapies ; cardiovascular diseases ; myofibroblasts ; nitric oxide synthase uncoupling ; sapropterin ; diabetic nephropathy ; atrial fibrillation ; hyperthyroidism ; warfarin ; ischemic stroke ; transient ischemic attack ; transplant ; complications ; mortality ; outcome ; glucose metabolism ; body mass index ; metabolic syndrome ; breast arterial calcifications ; cardiovascular risk ; mammograms ; risk assessment ; prevention ; cost effectiveness ; cardiac autonomic neuropathy ; oxidative stress ; inflammation ; endothelium dysfunction ; direct oral anticoagulant ; stroke prevention ; elderly ; frail ; malignancy ; extreme weight ; bioprosthetic valve ; endocannabinoid system ; CB1 cannabinoid receptor ; metabolic disease ; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ; sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors ; metformin ; FibroScan® ; controlled attenuation parameter ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; heart failure ; hemodynamics ; dapagliflosin ; adropin ; natriuretic peptide ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: It is well known that pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, stillbirth, and intrauterine growth restriction affect over 12% of all pregnancies worldwide. These complications negatively impact both maternal and neonatal health and have short- and long-term effects such as an increased risk of neurodevelopmental and cardiovascular diseases. Over the past decade, numerous groups have investigated the use of new and/or existing drugs to either prolong gestation, such as in cases of threatened preterm labour; alleviate hypertension in preeclampsia; or promote adequate blood flow and nutrient delivery to the placenta to facilitate growth in IUGR. The overarching goal has been to promote healthier pregnancies and neonatal health, but it has been difficult to translate this work into the clinical setting, with problems in terms of drug delivery, specificity, and importantly, the early diagnostic capacities for complications in pregnancy. This book focuses on the early detection, potential novel therapeutic targets, risk factors, maternal outcomes, and long-term consequences of this critical problem.
    Keywords: ultrasonography ; elastography ; uterine cervix ; term pregnancy ; parturition ; genotyping ; preeclampsia ; MMP-9 ; MMP-2 ; SNPs ; tocolytic ; preterm birth ; preterm labor ; neonate ; prematurity ; pregnancy ; therapeutic ; progesterone ; fetus ; sex as a biological variable ; sex differences ; pregnancy complications ; placenta ; prenatal diagnosis ; fetal growth restriction ; miscarriage ; chorio-deciduitis ; grade ; amnionitis ; acute histologic chorioamnionitis ; intra-amniotic inflammatory response ; beta-blocker ; endothelial dysfunction ; cardiovascular disease ; pregnancy loss ; immunology ; vascular endothelial growth factor ; galectin-9 ; interleukin-4 ; proteomics ; urine ; biomarkers ; IBP4 ; SHBG ; RPL ; NK cells ; sildenafil ; PDE5A ; VEGF-A ; angiotensin ; infant ; newborn ; female ; abruptio placentae ; Apgar score ; pregnant women ; gestational age ; IL-1 blockade ; anakinra ; canakinumab ; human ; inflammation ; fetal growth restriction (FGR) ; intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) ; SPINT1 ; HAI-1 ; stillbirth ; placental insufficiency ; histopathology ; cardiovascular risk ; postpartum screening ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new respiratory disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused a global pandemic. COVID-19 patients often develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which involves acute and lethal respiratory failure. In a meta-analysis, the median incidence of ARDS in COVID-19 patients was found to be 35 (2-79)%, while the mortality rate in COVID-19-associated ARDS patients was found to be 39 (12.5-73.1)% (Hasan, et al. Expert Rev Repoir Med. 2020; 14: 1149). As of 12 December 2021, 270,373,764 cases had been confirmed as COVID-19 and 5,321,321 cases had resulted in death, according to the World Health Organization webpage. Various symptoms such as persistent fatigue, myalgia, and insomnia can persist after recovery from COVID-19; these symptoms are called “long COVID-19”. Patients with COVID-19 who survive but develop pulmonary fibrosis may experience persistent dyspnea upon exertion, a decrease in pulmonary function, and/or a radiological abnormal shadow. Antifibrotic drugs including nintedanib and pirfenidone are candidate drugs for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis due to COVID-19; randomized controlled trials are ongoing. However, there are limited studies about respiratory disease caused by COVID-19. Given the clinical significance of this topic and its impact on clinical practice and public health, Medicina have published a Special Issue entitled “Respiratory Disease in the COVID-19 Era” with the aim of gathering accurate and up-to-date scientific information of this topic.
    Keywords: heart rate ; COVID-19 ; pulmonary rehabilitation ; COVID-19 vaccines ; adult ; pneumonia ; risk ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia ; interstitial pneumonia ; steroids ; immunosuppressive drugs ; spontaneous pneumomediastinum ; subcutaneous emphysema ; therapeutic plasma exchange ; ARDS ; inflammatory markers ; survival ; immunocompromised host ; Bruton’s tyrosine kinase ; persistent infection ; pulmonary paragonimiasis ; Paragonimus westermani ; post-COVID-19 condition ; delayed diagnosis ; case cluster ; Bamlanivimab ; Etesevimab ; lung ultrasound ; RT-qPCR ; HRCT ; diabetes mellitus ; computed tomographic severity score ; immunocompromised ; coronavirus disease 2019 ; hydroxychloroquine ; severe acute respiratory syndrome ; n/a ; diaphragm ; thoracic mobilization ; respiratory function ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNS Epidemiology & medical statistics
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    De Gruyter | De Gruyter
    Publication Date: 2024-03-26
    Description: This volume examines the veritable explosion of serialized formats in all of forms representation, from painting to printing throughout the nineteenth century and into the twentieth, and the way in which these formats encouraged experiments with the series form and raised questions of truthfulness.
    Keywords: Serialization ; form ; realism ; epistemics ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism::DSB Literary studies: general ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTZ General studies and General knowledge ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: It is a great pleasure to provide you this Special Issue of Nutrients related to the 5th International Conference “Vitamin D—Minimum, Maximum, Optimum”, under the auspices of the European Vitamin D Association (EVIDAS). The conference and the forthcoming papers serve as an international forum for the presentation and discussion of current basic and clinical research in the field of vitamin D. Organizing this subsequent Special Issue was truly challenging, given that vitamin D has recently been shown by prestigious medical journals to be an epiphenomenon that coincides with diseases, and that the correction of vitamin D deficits has limited clinical meaning. On the other hand, it was recognized that vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem with potential negative consequences on health, welfare, and morbidity during growth and adulthood, therefore influencing healthcare services worldwide. Thus, due to mutually exclusive conclusions, it was essential to discuss and share scientific reports and evidence demonstrating both the benefits and lack thereof in relation to human health. Prof. Dr. Pawel Pludowski Guest Editor
    Keywords: vitamin D ; calcidiol ; supplementation ; COVID-19 ; RCT ; clinical trial ; cholecalciferol ; randomized controlled trial ; epidemiology ; mortality ; infections ; nutrition ; 25-hydroxyvitamin D ; infection ; study design ; clinical trials ; Alzheimer’s disease ; cancer ; cardiovascular disease ; diabetes ; hypertension ; Mendelian randomization ; vitamin D status ; prevalence ; female migrants ; United Arab Emirates ; blood pressure ; cardiovascular risk ; vitamin D deficiency ; recommendations ; guidelines ; treatment ; juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; calcium/phosphate metabolism ; methotrexate ; children ; inflammation ; pneumonia ; SARS-CoV-2 ; CYP24A1 ; pregnancy ; hypercalcemia ; fertility ; lactation ; intoxication ; idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia ; 25(OH)D ; B cell subsets ; inflammatory markers ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    Peter Lang International Academic Publishers
    Publication Date: 2023-11-16
    Description: The NEUROGES® analysis system is an objective and reliable interdisciplinary research tool for analysis of body movement and gesture. The system has been field-tested on more than 500 individuals from cultures of five continents, including healthy adults and children as well as individuals with mental illness or brain damage, and further, on non-human primates. Following up on the first book on theoretical background of the NEUROGES® system, which was published in 2013, this book contains the complete coding manual for the application of the system in research including an interactive video learning tool with video examples of all NEUROGES® hand movement and gesture types, training videos, and a template file for the Multimedia Annotator ELAN.
    Keywords: algorithmic analysis ; Analysis ; Behavior ; Coding ; cognition ; Complete ; Gesture ; Hedda ; including ; interaction ; Interactive ; kinesic behaviour ; Lausberg ; Learning ; Manual ; mental state ; movement analysis ; NEUROGES® ; Nonverbal ; System ; Template ; Tool ; Video ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: The lifestyle associated with good quality of food is well known for its widely recognized health benefits, especially when rich in bioactive compounds. Reduced risks of some types of cancer and other diseases have been associated with the adoption of such a diet, as have increased antioxidants, inhibitors of lipid peroxidation, decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokine production, etc. The focus of this Special Issue of Toxins was to gather advances related to the cytotoxicity of natural toxins and the potential for the cytoprotection of natural compounds present in food or plants. In this context, this Special Issue of Toxins comprises eight original contributions. Special attention is given to Fridericia chica (Bignoniaceae) leaves grown in Colombia, extract from Polygonum cuspidatum, Artemisia annua and coffee extracts against mycotoxins´ effects. Studies of mycotoxins in different animal and human cell lines are also presented for zearalenone, beauvericin, α-zearalenol and β-zearalenol, among others.
    Keywords: nano-silicate platelets ; necroptosis ; reactive oxygen species ; endocytosis ; membrane integrity ; Apoptosis ; bovine mammary epithelial cells ; endoplasmic reticulum stress ; polydatin ; zearalenone ; beauvericin ; α-zearalenol ; coffee silverskin ; spent coffee ; SH-SY5Y cells ; mycotoxin ; apoptosis ; endothelial cells ; calcium ; autophagy ; granulosa cells ; PI3K-AKT-mTOR ; MAPK ; chicken ; PAT ; ROS ; oxidative stress ; mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation ; cytotoxicity ; mycotoxins ; Fridericia chica ; protection ; extracts ; artemisinin ; anticancer effects ; stress granules ; alternative extraction procedures ; osteosarcoma cells ; HeLa cells ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), posing a new challenge to the medical care of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Due to the relatively small number of studies in SOT recipients suffering from COVID-19, the natural course of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, optimal treatment strategies including modification of immunosuppressive therapy and the prognosis in COVID-19 in these patients is incompletely understood. The current Special Issue aimed to fill some of the knowledge gaps and highlight some recent advances in the management of SOT patients during the pandemic. The call for manuscripts had been addressed to healthcare professionals involved in SOT patient care. We welcomed comprehensive reviews, original studies, interesting case series or case reports and commentaries relating to this topic.
    Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 ; coronavirus ; immunosuppression ; tacrolimus ; corticosteroids ; mycophenolate mofetil ; hyperinflammation ; cytokine storm ; pandemic ; transplantation ; Lung Transplantation ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; norovirus ; treatment ; hypothesis ; cytokine storm syndrome ; FK506 ; cyclosporine ; myocarditis ; pediatric heart transplantation ; viral infection ; dexamethasone ; remdesivir ; hemodialysis ; transplant ; kidney ; PCR ; infection ; transplant recipients ; inflammation ; survival ; n/a ; solid-organ transplant ; unvaccinated ; lung transplantation ; fibrosis ; phenotype hypothesis ; lung transplant recipients ; immunocompromised ; breakthrough infections ; chronic lung allograft dysfunction ; community-acquired respiratory viral infection ; CLAD hypothesis ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: Inflammation is a complex biological response to injury as a result of different stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. Inflammatory injuries induce the release of a variety of systemic mediators, cytokines, and chemokines that orchestrate cellular infiltration, consequentially bringing about the resolution of inflammatory responses and the restoration of tissue integrity. However, persistent inflammatory stimuli or the disregulation of the mechanisms of the resolution phase can lead to chronic inflammation and inflammatory-based diseases. Nowadays, commercially approved anti-inflammatory drugs are represented by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID); glucocorticoids (SAID); and, in some cases, immunosuppressant and/or biological drugs. These agents are effective for the relief of the main inflammatory symptoms. However, they induce severe side effects, and most of them are inadequate for chronic use. Starting from these premises, the demand for new, effective, and safe anti-inflammatory drugs has led research in new therapeutic directions. The recent and emerging scientific community slant is oriented towards natural products/compounds that could represent a boon for the discovery of new active molecules and for the development of new drugs and potentially useful therapeutic agents in different inflammatory-related diseases. We hope that it will stimulate the interest of the scientific community involved in studying the effects of natural and synthetic compounds in different fields of interest such as acute and chronic inflammation, inflammatory pain, inflammation-related diseases (e.g., autoimmune diseases), amongst others.
    Keywords: Padina boryana ; alginic acid ; particulate matter ; skin ; inflammation ; chelation ; BELFRIT ; immunity ; mPGES-1 ; natural compounds ; Th17 ; sulforaphane ; osteoclastogenesis ; autophagy ; JNK signaling pathway ; baicalin ; Glaesserella parasuis ; tight junctions ; peritoneum ; piglets ; calceolarioside A ; nociception ; phenylpropanoid glycosides ; Calceolaria ; citropten ; colitis ; T cell activation ; intestinal cell activation ; anti-inflammation ; MAPK ; diabetes mellitus ; infertility ; oxidative stress ; Portulaca oleracea ; Crepis ; Asteraceae ; LC-MS ; NMR ; cichoric acid ; phenolic acid ; biological activity ; mouse paw edema ; antihyperlipidemic ; NLRP3 ; IL-1β ; natural products ; docking ; design ; Allium cepa L. ; quercetin ; bioaccessibility ; design of experiments ; anti-inflammatory activity ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    Purdue University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: In this book, nine thought-leaders engage with some of the hottest moral issues in science and ethics. Based on talks originally given at the annual "Purdue Lectures in Ethics, Policy, and Science," the chapters explore interconnections between the three areas in an engaging and accessible way. Addressing a mixed public audience, the authors go beyond dry theory to explore some of the difficult moral questions that face scientists and policy-makers every day. The introduction presents a theoretical framework for the book, defining the term "bioethics" as extending well beyond human well-being to wider relations between humans, nonhuman animals, the environment, and biotechnologies. Three sections then explore the complex relationship between moral value, scientific knowledge, and policy making. The first section starts with thoughts on nonhuman animal pain and moves to a discussion of animal understanding. The second section explores climate change and the impact of "green" nanotechnology on environmental concerns. The final section begins with dialog about ethical issues in nanotechnology, moves to an exploration of bio-banks (a technology with broad potential medical and environmental impact), and ends with a survey of the impact of biotechnologies on (synthetic) life itself. Contents: Part 1: Animals: Moral agency, moral considerability, and consciousness (Daniel Kelly) and From minds to minding (Mark Bernstein); Animal Pain: What is it and why does it matter? (Bernard Rollin). Part 2: Environment: The future of environmental ethics (Holmes Rolston III); Climate change, human rights, and the trillionth ton of carbon (Henry Shue); Ethics, environment, and nanotechnology (Barbara Karn). Part 3: Biotechnologies: Nanotechnologies: Science and society (James Leary); Ethical issues in constructing and using bio-banks (Eric Meslin); Synthetic life: A new industrial revolution (Gregory Kaebnick).
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy::HPQ Ethics & moral philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTQ Ethics and moral philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: The aim of the reprint was to provide readers with updated research findings on the psychological and psychiatric consequences of the pandemic. The wide scope of the reprint reflects the complexity of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. The focus of the studies ranges from the psychological consequences of social distancing and the closure of schools to the neurological consequences of the viral infection, and from the stressful impact of an increased workload on frontline health workers to the unmet needs of special populations such as pregnant women, veterans and patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Thanks to its richness in content and worldwide perspectives (contributors were from Canada, Croatia, Greece, India, Israel, Italy, Pakistan, the Philippines, Poland, Spain, and the USA), the reprint is a valuable source of information to researchers and clinicians interested in the mental health implications of the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; adolescents ; concerns ; activities ; frustration ; SARS-CoV-2 ; coronavirus pandemic ; anxiety ; depression ; mental health ; psychological empowerment ; fear of COVID-19 ; collaborative crafting ; job crafting ; emotional disorders ; psychological detachment ; suicidal behavior ; first emergency care ; multicentric ; Lombardy ; depressive symptoms ; nurses ; medical doctors ; frontline ; pooled prevalence ; brain ; neurotropism ; cognitive ; prevention ; diagnosis ; fear ; healthcare workers ; neuroticism ; insecure attachment ; autism ; telehealth ; behavioral skills training ; parent training ; psychological distress ; pregnancy ; disaster ; telemedicine ; theory–practice gap ; stress ; trauma ; coronavirus infections ; health personnel ; emergency medical services ; psychological stress ; self-efficacy ; incidence ; mixed effects model ; Random Effects/Expectation Maximization (RE-EM) Tree ; PTSD ; war-related stress ; pandemic-related stress ; treatment-seeking ; college ; students ; DASS21 ; pandemic ; gender ; coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ; neuropsychiatry ; neurodegenerative diseases ; neurodevelopmental diseases ; coronavirus ; family ; fetal brain function ; maternal stress ; COVID-19 pandemic ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBP Health systems & services::MBPK Mental health services
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    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Authenticity and traceability are crucial in order to overcome frauds in the international food trade. Control measures are perceived as the greatest vulnerability in the food supply chain. In order to decrease contribution to the overall perceived fraud vulnerability, analytical approaches and chemometrics are usually employed.
    Keywords: stable isotope ratios ; Greek olive oils ; chemometric analysis ; OPLS-DA ; discrimination ; fraud ; authenticity ; adulteration ; geographical origin ; quality ; milk ; fatty acids ; isotopes ; mineral elements ; multivariate statistics ; Greek PDO table olive varieties ; safety ; food adulteration ; dye additives ; nuclear magnetic resonance ; relaxometry ; halal authentication ; Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy ; principal component analysis (PCA) ; chemometric methods ; multiclass support vector machine (M-SVM) ; cinnamon ; chemometrics ; food fraud ; identification model ; physico-functional ; local modeling ; protected geographical indication ; Sunite lamb ; stable isotopes ; machine learning ; saffron ; bioactive compounds ; by-products ; walnut ; seed oil ; tocopherols ; HPLC-UV ; authentication ; dairy ; clustering ; classification ; regression ; validation ; honey ; quality parameters ; storage ; processing ; thermal treatment ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Digital health, virtual assistance, and telemedicine are terms often used interchangeably to refer to remote medical assistance, monitoring and care. Several studies and insights have developed these issues, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages and successes and failures and offering reflections on the implications and issues of these technologies in the health domain. The results of these investigations are affecting the redesign of hospital and outpatient management based on digital innovation using eHealth and mHealth. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this approach made it possible to offer assistance and continue care at home, protecting patients, preserving health workers, limiting the spread of the virus, and reducing the need for hospitalization. This reprint contains contributions dealing with the development of DH during the COVID-19 pandemic. The contributions are from various experts in different fields regarding the application of digital health, which, in some cases is also integrated with artificial intelligence, including digital contact tracing, mHealth, virtual reality, mental health, physiology, and rehabilitation.
    Keywords: n/a ; digital contact tracing ; IMMUNI app ; COVID-19 ; students ; digital care visit ; online consultation ; medical staff ; healthcare personnel ; user experience ; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ; brain tumor ; machine learning ; digital health ; e-health ; pandemic ; physical activity ; performance evaluation ; eHealth ; self-care ; chronic diseases ; mental health ; mindfulness ; mobile health ; social isolation ; mental stress ; feature selection ; artificial intelligence ; human health ; lock down ; normative activation model ; COVID-19 prevention ; prevention intention ; IoT ; obesity ; classification ; regression ; real-time system ; COVID-19 pandemic ; contact tracing ; CNN ; chest X-ray images ; hybrid learning ; computer-aided diagnosis ; remote psychotherapy ; psychotherapy via telephone ; psychotherapy via videoconferencing ; tele-health ; e-mental-health ; psychotherapy ; qualitative psychotherapy research ; mixed-methods psychotherapy research ; exergaming ; breast neoplasms ; physical function ; telehealth ; (d)health literacy ; health literacy ; health intervention ; health strategy ; medical data ; medical imaging ; data classification ; image detection ; YOLOv4 ; logistic regression ; AI ; deep learning ; chatbot ; health ; health domain ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBP Health systems & services::MBPK Mental health services
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  • 146
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This report provides an overview of decision-support tools, including models and nonmodeling approaches, to inform both modelers and policymakers. It offers ways to use these tools to help address real-world policy questions related to infectious disease prevention, detection, control, and response and recommends best practices for technical experts and policymakers to collaborate in developing and using the tools.
    Keywords: Technology ; Health Sciences ; General Science ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNA Database design and theory ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MJ Clinical and internal medicine::MJC Diseases and disorders::MJCJ Infectious and contagious diseases ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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    Lever Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: As smartphones mediate more of our activities, they are changing our relationship with meaning. To a teenager, for example a “conversation” is just as likely to refer to an exchange of text messages as it is a face-to-face discussion. Meanwhile, Facebook has redefined what friendship means, Snapchat what a memory means, etc. The kinds of changes smartphones bring are happening at rapid pace: TikTok reached a billion users in just over three years, whereas it took the telephone 75 years to reach a tenth of that number of people. Meaningful Technologies: How Digital Metaphors Change the Way We Think and Live by Eric Chown and Fernando Nascimento offers systematic reconsideration of the ways in which digital technologies impact our lives both individually and collectively. Metaphors aren’t just a clever way to describe technology, they are also changing the way we think. When we click on a picture of a shopping cart it connects a complex set of technologies to represent a simple idea that we’re all familiar with. A heart icon under a photo is understood as an easy way to express appreciation. We aren’t required to understand how technology works, just how we interact with it. The ambiguity of metaphors, and the complexity of technology can also hide important realities about what is being described. “The cloud,” for example, actually consists of very real data centers, which consume huge amounts of natural resources to keep running. Meanwhile, pressing that heart icon on a photo is a signal to the artificial intelligences running in your app that you want to see more things like that photo and that it should adjust what it knows about you accordingly. There is a constant feedback loop between us and the digital technologies we use. We are constantly using them and they are changing us through their usage. Meaningful Technologies focuses on this loop from the perspectives of hermeneutic philosophy and cognitive science. Through the former, the authors examine meaning and how it changes over time. Through the latter, they gain understanding of how this feedback loop impacts individuals, especially in terms of learning and attention. Chown and Nascimento argue that, on the one hand, apps have a kind of agency never before possible in a technology, but also that, armed with a critical framework for examining such apps, we can regain some of our own agency. This book will appeal to scholars of digital media digital and computational studies, and those interested in issues related to ethical impacts of digital technologies.
    Keywords: Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Arthritis has a high prevalence globally and includes over 100 types, the most common of which are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory arthritis. All types of arthritis share common features of the disease, including monocyte infiltration, inflammation, synovial swelling, pannus formation, stiffness in the joints, and articular cartilage destruction. The exact etiology of arthritis remains unclear, and no cure exists as of yet. Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs and corticosteroids) are commonly used in the treatment of arthritis. However, these drugs are associated with significant side effects, such as gastric bleeding and an increased risk of heart attack and other cardiovascular problems. It is therefore crucial that we continue to research the pathogenesis of arthritis and seek to discover novel modes of therapy. This reprint summarizes the themes of the 29 articles published in our Special Issue “Research of Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutics in Arthritis 2.0”. This reprint details important novel research discoveries that contribute to our current understanding of arthritis.
    Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis ; exercise therapy ; autoimmune disorder ; treadmill running ; exercise ; articular cartilage ; collagen-induced arthritis ; pro-inflammatory cytokine ; connexin 43 ; osteoporosis ; microenvironment ; inflammation ; mesenchymal stem/stromal cells ; bone injury ; repair/regeneration ; microparticles ; joint inflammatory diseases ; Wnt signaling ; Dkk-1 ; biologics ; ankylosing spondylitis ; axial spondyloarthritis ; bone homeostasis ; osteoarthritis ; aging ; PTOA ; gene expression ; RNA-seq ; cartilage degeneration ; scRNA-seq ; chondrocytes ; animal model ; pain ; melatonin ; angiotensin II ; arthritis ; bone erosion ; tumor necrosis factor ; renin-angiotensin system ; angiotensin II type 1 receptor ; psoriatic arthritis ; osteoclastogenesis ; miR-941 ; WNT16 ; polymorphism ; genetic predisposition ; mutation ; methotrexate ; interleukin ; targeted therapy ; interstitial lung disease ; subclinical involvement ; ACPA ; pulmonary function testing ; CPET ; surfactant protein D ; DLCO ; HRCT ; lymph node stromal cells ; tolerance ; autoimmunity ; citrullination ; macrophages ; PADI2 ; inflammatory cytokines ; adhesion ; apoptosis ; L5 ; macrophage foam cell ; CD11c expression ; atherosclerosis ; rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ; synovium ; cytokines ; HHV-7 ; PCR ; ELISA ; immunohistochemistry ; adipocyte ; infrapatellar fat pad ; anterior cruciate ligament ; cartilage ; whole transcriptome sequencing ; biomarker ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; miRNA ; genome editing ; autoimmune arthritis ; Nkx2-3 ; B cell activation ; Spondyloarthritis ; ankylosing arthritis ; interleukin-17 ; interleukin-23 ; tibial compression ; gut microbiome ; antibiotics ; LPS ; adults ; juvenile ; immune ; laser blood irradiation ; low-level laser ; systemic ; naïve rheumatoid arthritis ; CD4+ T-lymphocytes ; methotrexate response ; IFNγ, IL-17A ; STAT expression ; osteonecrosis ; taurine ; mitochondrial function ; glucocorticoid ; discoidin domain receptors 1 (Ddr1) ; osteoarthritis (OA) ; autophagy ; terminal differentiation ; Treg ; Th17 ; microRNA ; transcriptional factor ; JAK/STAT ; Janus kinase inhibitors ; cardiovascular system ; heart failure ; thromboembolic ; lipid profile disturbances ; treatment ; molecular mechanisms ; biomarkers ; prevention ; collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 ; CTHRC1 ; cartilage destruction ; fibroblast-like synoviocytes ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Tumor progression is linked to a switch in the balance between positive and negative regulators, and mainly depends on the release by inflammatory or neoplastic cells of specific growth factors. Inflammatory infiltration contributes to tumor progression and metastatic process, and there are many reports of associations between tumor inflammatory infiltration, progression and prognosis. New therapeutic approaches have been developed with the aim to control tumor progression through the targeting of different components of the tumor microenvironment. This reprint will be useful for anyone who wants to learn about cancer: professors and students at universities, scientists at research institutes, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical labs, and lawyers trying to understand the patent literature.
    Keywords: RBP4 ; metastasis ; breast cancer ; angiogenesis ; endothelial dysfunction ; STAT3 ; VEGF ; endothelin-1 ; resveratrol ; gemcitabine ; endoglin ; ERKs ; microvessel growth ; lung cancer ; cancer ; anticancer ; DLBCL ; tumor microenvironment ; cell adhesion mediated drug resistance ; tumor progression ; VEGFR ; anti-angiogenesis ; anti-angiogenic agents ; immunosuppression ; immunotherapy ; immune-checkpoint inhibitors ; combination therapy ; tumor angiogenesis ; endothelium ; microenvironment ; multiple myeloma ; adhesion molecules ; immune-checkpoint inhibitor ; tumor-derived exosomes ; small extracellular vesicles ; feline mammary carcinoma ; VEGF-A ; VEGFR-1 ; VEGFR-2 ; non-invasive biomarkers ; selectins ; E-selectin ; uproleselan ; adrenal fetal cortex ; adrenocortical tumors ; adrenocortical carcinoma ; anti-angiogenic drugs ; bFGF ; anti-angiogenic therapy ; resistance ; vascular permeability ; drug delivery system ; microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) ; Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) ; U-87 Glioblastoma ; ginsenoside Rg3 ; response surface methodology ; optimisation ; epimer ; long pentraxin 3 ; FGF/FGFR system ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 150
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: This Special Issue contains new developments and advanced ideas in optical spectroscopy and imaging for their active translation to biological and clinical practice. The published manuscripts provide new insight into state-of-the-art modern methods of biomedical optics and provides new knowledge to potential readers about possible areas of their application. It highlights the advantages and unique features of using optical diagnostic technologies in the detection and analysis of lesions. The articles discuss the development and application of optical methods, expanding the current diagnostic capabilities of various diseases, and other aspects of the use of spectroscopy and imaging in biology and clinical practice.
    Keywords: bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 151
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: This open access Special Issue brings together original research and review articles on molecular oncology, with attention given to endometrial cancer. It highlights new findings, methods, and technical advances in molecular cancer research. The main feature of this Special Issue is that it is a platform for open-source sharing of significant works in the field of molecular oncology that can increase our understanding of endometrial cancer development, which may lead to the discovery of new molecular diagnostic technologies and targeted therapeutics.Topics include:Molecular methods to personalize endometrial cancer screening and detection;Identification and new aspects of cellular signaling molecules and pathways for target discovery, drug design, and personalized and gender medicine;DDI discovery in endometrial cancer management;Drug repurposing for endometrial cancer prevention/treatment;Molecular modeling studies.
    Keywords: endometrial cancer ; TET proteins ; O-GlcNAc transferase ; TWIST1 ; ZEB1 ; FOXC1 ; migration ; invasion ; lipotoxicity ; palmitate ; adjuvant chemotherapy ; mass spectrometry ; serum proteome ; Suprabasin ; 2D-DIGE ; Western blotting ; lymph node ; metastasis ; epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ; leave one out cross validation ; signaling pathways ; uterine neoplasm ; cancer of the endometrium ; spectroscopy ; Raman spectroscopy ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; diagnosis ; screening ; racial disparity ; molecular profiling ; proteomic ; TCGA ; endometrial carcinoma ; mismatch-repair ; p53 ; molecular ; prognosis ; treatment ; histotype ; POLE ; microsatellite ; diagnostic markers ; prognostic gene ; protein–ligand interactions ; NRAS gene ; hypoxia ; tumor microenvironment (TME) ; risk model ; immune cells ; chemotherapy ; targeted treatment ; EphA2 ; Wee1 ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 152
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: The Special Issue, titled “Therapeutic Landscapes in Colorectal Carcinoma”, illustrates a stimulating collection of articles written by international specialists that can promote discussions and ideas among colleagues working on CRC. It provides us with a deeper insight into the latest advances involving knowledge on CRC from scientific, translational, and clinical points of view. Through this Special Issue, our main purpose was to shed light on some state-of-the-art research on CRC. Here, the reader will find papers on prognostic factors as well as responses to neoadjuvant and adjuvant CRC treatments. Finally, we discuss the research trends and hotspots for CRC therapies that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as the potential achievement of a transition from CRC clinical research to precision medicine, together with a special emphasis given to new single-cell-based techniques. We hope that it can encourage translational and interdisciplinary collaborations, leading to a definitive understanding of strategies to overcome and inhibit CRC progression and metastasis.
    Keywords: colorectal cancer ; inflammatory pathways ; NFKB ; RIPK2 ; MSI ; dMMR ; colorectal ; cancer ; immunotherapy ; Romania ; incidence ; PCR ; IHC ; drug development ; targeted therapies ; preclinical candidates ; databases ; cancer therapeutics ; TGF-b ; regorafenib ; colorectal carcinoma ; intratumor heterogeneity ; single-cell next-generation sequencing ; precision medicine ; metastatic colorectal cancer ; BRAF mutation ; triple target therapy ; colorectal cancer screening ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; colon cancer ; cell line models ; dependencies ; targeted therapy ; signal transduction ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) ; locally advanced colon cancer (LACC) ; preoperative treatment ; propensity score matching ; survival ; liver transplantation ; de novo malignancy ; immunosuppression ; uracil–tegafur ; chemotherapy ; adjuvant therapy ; stage IIA ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 153
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint focuses on the application of ventilation and indoor air quality (IAQ) in different settings, and is centred around different indoor environments and policymaking issues. It also explores how issues around health, IAQ and ventilation have evolved through the COVID-19 crisis. In connection with the growing need to determine and assess IAQ, new research seeks to test and investigate new methodologies based on research topics which include an increasing number of harmful substances and test methods. Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality ultimately aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive range of case studies, seeking to solve ventilation and IAQ issues from different perspectives. It presents 19 chapters related to regulations, homes, modelling, field studies, and technology related to ventilation and IAQ. Overall, this reprint provides state-of-the-art analysis and reviews so that readers with any level of prior knowledge of ventilation and IAQ are introduced to the latest research on these issues. This reprint was written to inspire and stimulate the development of further multidisciplinary research on IAQ issues.
    Keywords: indoor air quality ; indoor pollution ; ventilation ; regulations ; homes ; modelling ; field studies ; technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
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  • 154
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a powerful system for the recognition and elimination of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released from dying cells. Typical PAMPs include bacterial cell wall components, viral pathogens, or pathogenic nucleic acids, including viral RNA and DNA. Activation of TLRs leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons which are important for the induction of the host immune response against bacterial and viral infections. However, dysregulation and overstimulation can be detrimental, leading to hyper-inflammation, sepsis, and loss of tissue integrity. The involvement of TLRs in inflammation and bacterial infection has been recognized for a long time. There is an increasing number of reports demonstrating the involvement of TLR activation in a variety of viral infections, associated with protective immunity, but also immune hyper activation and even viral replication. Recent data show the involvement of TLR activation in various acute respiratory viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 and indicate an essential role in COVID-19 pathology. It aimed to gather newest data and hypotheses regarding molecular and cellular mechanisms of TLR triggering and activation and their downstream signaling pathways by viral infections, and their correlation to immunology and pathophysiology of the associated diseases, to facilitate translational research resulting in new targets for the treatment of viral infectious diseases including COVID-19.
    Keywords: hepatitis C virus ; infection ; innate immunity ; Toll-like receptor ; cytokines ; Omicron ; spike protein ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; cytokine storm ; NF-kappaB ; Toll-like receptor (TLR) ; monoclonal antibody TLR4 ; compression force ; MAPKs ; AKT ; human PDL ; sterile inflammation ; TLR ; immune system ; inflammation ; antiviral ; polymorphism ; sepsis ; septic shock ; TLR7 ; TLR8 ; 2′-O-ribose-methylation ; RNase T2 ; immune activation ; CD14 ; LPS ; hop ; TLR4 ; oligonucleotide ; sncRNA ; endocytosis ; broad-spectrum ; antiviral agent ; nucleolin ; virus entry ; immunoregulation ; RNA therapeutics ; TLR7 (Toll-like receptor 7) ; MUC1 (Mucin 1) ; aluminum adjuvant ; tumor vaccine ; immunotherapy ; toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) ; advanced glycation end products (AGEs) ; aquaporin-3 (AQP3) ; histone deacetylase inhibitor ; diabetes ; keratinocytes ; skin ; n/a ; TLR4–RAGE crosstalk ; glucose ; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ; inflammatory ; alveolar macrophages ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 155
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: RAND researchers conducted a lessons learned examination of operations analysis, modeling, and simulation in support of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Researchers identified ways in which analysts have attempted to support commanders’ decisionmaking and describe a selection of the models and tools they employed.
    Keywords: Technology ; History ; General Science ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNA Database design and theory ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 156
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Discover the complexities of pediatric orthopedics in this comprehensive reprint book. Pediatric orthopedics present unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment, necessitating the expertise of skilled specialists. Congenital, developmental, and acquired orthopedic issues, including infectious, neuromuscular, nutritional, neoplastic, psychogenic, and traumatic conditions, are explored. With a focus on evidence-based recommendations, this book addresses the management of orthopedic deformities in children by considering different clinical scenarios. From upper and lower limb injuries to severe trauma, readers will gain insights into decision-making processes for reconstruction or amputation. As a valuable resource for orthopedic surgeons, pediatricians, and healthcare professionals, this reprint fills knowledge gaps to optimize patient care.
    Keywords: dysplasia of the hip ; hip reconstructive surgery ; spica cast ; foam splint ; complications ; quality of life ; prospective randomized clinical trial ; supracondylar humerus fractures ; treatment ; children ; vascular injury ; neurologic injury ; fracture ; femur ; surgery ; nail ; intramedullary ; health-related quality of life ; recurrence ; equinus ; meta-analysis ; developmental dysplasia of the hip ; neurogenic dislocation of the hip ; Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease ; combined osteotomy ; ilium ; varisation derotation osteotomy ; Salter ; Pemberton ; Chiari ; open reduction ; cerebral palsy ; dorsiflexion ; plantarflexion ; definition ; amputation ; lower extremity ; adolescents ; closed reduction ; developmental hip dysplasia ; hip luxation ; MRI ; scoliosis ; O-arm ; navigation ; pedicle screws ; complication ; spinal fusion ; adolescent idiopathic scoliosis ; pelvic osteotomy ; femoral osteotomy ; hip dysplasia ; pediatric ; open fracture ; infection ; trauma ; morbidity ; orthopedic ; distal femoral extension ; shortening osteotomy ; DEFSO ; forearm ; radius ; ulna ; conservative treatment ; musculoskeletal disorders ; spine ; rehabilitation ; Scheuermann kyphosis ; spondylolisthesis ; posterior spinal fusion ; postsurgical pain ; lumbar spine ; skeletal maturity height ; spine growth prediction ; thoracic spine ; Ewing sarcoma ; extraosseous ; patellofemoral instability ; recurrent ; MPFL ; autografts ; return to sport ; hip dislocation ; pediatric trauma ; pediatric injury ; avascular necrosis ; n/a ; hip ultrasound ; concentric circle sign ; diagnostic imaging ; trampoline ; trampoline fracture ; proximal tibia ; positive anterior tilt angle ; remodeling ; hemiplegia ; pelvic asymmetry ; hip asymmetry ; pes equinus ; orthotic management ; distal forearm fractures ; non-operative treatment ; radiographic follow-up ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 157
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: There is growing evidence that among persons with disordered eating behavior, the identification of an “addictive-like eating” phenotype for some persons could be relevant and improve our ability to design better tailored interventions. This “addictive-like eating behavior” phenotype encompasses different terms or concepts, including “food addiction”, “eating addiction”, “compulsive eating behavior”, and “food craving”, but also applies to some persons with binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, or binge eating symptoms. Although these terms may theoretically refer to different underlying causes or conceptualizations of addictive-like eating, all agree on the complex and multifaceted public health problem it represents and on the similarities it shares with other addictive disorders in terms of etiology, epidemiology, and treatment. Addictive-like eating behavior can deleteriously impact the patient’s outcome and may lead to poorer weight loss evolution, increased prevalence of co-occurring medical and/or psychiatric disorders, and/or lower quality of life. One of the key challenges for the present and future research is to better identify this subpopulation of patients exhibiting this addictive-like eating phenotype, and to identify the psychological/psychiatric factors and biological mechanisms underlying this increased vulnerability to addictive-like eating. Such preliminary knowledge is crucial for enabling the development of interventions targeting these vulnerability risk factors and, ultimately, improving patient outcomes.
    Keywords: &nbsp ; Food addiction;&nbsp ; Eating addiction;&nbsp ; Addictive-like eating behaviour;&nbsp ; Compulsive eating behaviour;&nbsp ; Impulsive compulsive spectrum disorders;&nbsp ; Co-occurring psychiatric disorders;&nbsp ; Obesity;&nbsp ; Addictive disorders;&nbsp ; Eating disorders;&nbsp ; Binge eating disorder;&nbsp ; Psychiatry;&nbsp ; Psychology;&nbsp ; Psychopathology;&nbsp ; Neurobiology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 158
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Electronic cigarettes (ECs) have been present on the consumer market for over a decade, and the number of related scientific publications in the PubMed database has now exceeded seven thousand. Despite the number of publications, there is still no consensus in the scientific community regarding their safety. However, it should be emphasized that a comparison of equivalent quantities of tobacco smoke and the aerosol produced from e-cigarettes showed that there was a significantly lower quantity of toxic compounds in the aerosol compared with the tobacco smoke. Therefore, the use of ECs could be seen as a way of reducing the health damage to cigarette smokers who cannot or are unwilling to quit using conventional methods. In addition, randomized studies are emerging suggesting that ECs could be useful in smoking cessation. On the other hand, ECs are now widely used among adolescents and may pose a serious risk of future nicotine dependence and health problems in this population, as they counteract their advantages in the population gained from smokers who quit using them. Therefore, as most authors stress, further research that will convincingly resolve the current controversies is needed. Clinicians urgently need evidence-based knowledge to better inform their patients about the use of these emerging tobacco products as a harm-reduction strategy, and regulators should regulate these products in ways that best serve public health, especially taking the youth population into account.
    Keywords: e-cigarettes ; global health ; vaping ; tobacco smoke ; toxicants ; cessation ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
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  • 159
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: We are in the modern era of innovations, technological developments and minimisation in the field of urology. While laparoscopy and robotic surgery have revolutionised pelvic and upper tract oncology, there is continuous evolution and increasing use of these in the field of benign conditions and paediatric urology. As lasers have changed endourology, new minimally invasive surgical techniques (MISTs) have given a new meaning to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) surgery. Oncological developments for prostate cancer now include treatments such as robotic prostatectomy, brachytherapy, radiotherapy, cryotherapy and HIFU. Robotic partial nephrectomy and cryotherapy have changed the face of renal cancer. While robotic cystectomy is also gaining popularity for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, new concepts of En-bloc resection of bladder cancer are emerging and being increasingly adopted. MISTs for BPH include laser (Holmium, thulium and green light), water-based treatments (Rezum, Aquablation) and other minimally invasive procedures such as prostate artery embolisation (PAE), TIND and Urolift. There is increasing emphasis on the role of suction in endourological procedures, while the quest for better intrarenal pressure and temperature monitoring continues. The use of Thulium fibre laser (TFL), Moses technology and small disposable ureteroscopes all help in pushing the boundaries of ureteroscopy (URS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) procedures. These new technological developments have led to improvements in patients’ quality of life (QoL), shorter hospital stays and reductions in complication rates.
    Keywords: laser lithotripsy ; pediatric urolithiasis ; pneumatic lithotripsy ; vesical stone ; urinary catheters ; catheters ; indwelling ; catheter-related infections ; urolithiasis ; kidney calculi ; tap water ; mineral composition ; kidney stones ; radiomics ; therapeutic applications ; mini-PCNL ; ultrasound guidance ; GMSV position ; wearable healthcare devices ; fitness devices ; wearable technology ; infotainment ; mobile health ; endourology ; intrapelvic pressure ; intrarenal pressure ; ureteroscopy ; holmium YAG ; thulium fiber laser ; lithotripsy ; laser settings ; laser efficiency ; laser safety ; laser usability ; antithrombotic therapy ; transurethral resection of the prostate ; postoperative hemorrhage ; venous thromboembolism ; laser ; paediatric ; stent ; elderly ; prostate enucleation ; laser power ; holmium ; HoLEP ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MN Surgery
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  • 160
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Arts therapy is a form of psychotherapy that uses artistic media, the creative process, and artwork as its primary forms of communication. The arts therapies cover six areas of specialization: visual arts, music, dance and movement, drama, psychodrama, and bibliotherapy. Several studies and reviews have demonstrated its effectiveness for adult populations (e.g., Regev and Cohen-Yatziv, 2018), as well as for children and adolescents (e.g., Cohen-Yatziv and Regev, 2019). Academic writing and research, which have evolved extensively in recent decades, have underscored the considerable significance of arts therapies especially for children and adolescents.This Special Issue, “Arts Therapies with Children and Adolescents”, is dedicated to presenting research and clinical writing in the field of the Arts Therapies with Children and Adolescents in a variety of settings, including hospitals, the education system, mental health clinics, and others. I hope that this Special Issue will serve as a repository of knowledge for arts therapists and as a fertile terrain for further research in the field. It should also pave the way for more professionals working with children and adolescents to better understand the meaning and uniqueness of the therapeutic work in arts therapies and the dedicated ways in which arts therapists use assessment tools and arts-based interventions to better understand the world of children and adolescents.
    Keywords: creative arts therapy ; online psychotherapy ; COVID-19 ; education system ; remote therapeutic response ; child abuse ; sexual abuse ; physical abuse ; emotional abuse ; self-figure drawing ; dance movement therapy ; remote therapy ; art therapy ; music therapy ; dramatherapy ; children ; schools ; randomised controlled study (RCT) ; mental health ; well-being ; prevention ; intellectual disability ; adolescents ; mother–adolescent relationship ; joint painting procedure ; music ; PICU ; anxiety ; quality improvement ; questionnaires ; parent-child arts therapy ; Autism Spectrum Disorders ; the creative arts ; OS-ID ; open studio ; identity development ; supported autonomy ; social anxiety ; autism spectrum disorders ; change processes ; OAT ; EAT ; at-risk children ; art ; foster care ; school arts therapies ; behavioral problems ; experience of art making ; art materials ; art process ; art products ; drama therapy ; youth ; review ; psychosocial problems ; mechanisms of change ; psychodrama ; PPAT ; self-potency ; EF ; maternal distress ; political violence ; refugee children/adolescents ; process evaluation ; sense of belonging ; affect ; resilience ; arts therapies ; ultra-Orthodox Jews ; intercultural therapy ; parents’ perceptions ; rehabilitation ; medical clowning ; physiotherapy ; role theory ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 161
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The Special Issue provides twelve contributions, of which three original articles, seven narrative reviews, one systematic review, and one meta-analysis that, altogether, offer a multifaceted and multidisciplinary overview that allows to draw a picture as intriguing and fascinating as possible on the benefits of curcumin and also to suggest potential fields of activities still to be explored. Among the biological activities exerted by curcumin, the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties reported in many studies make it a potential effective tool in preventing and counteracting chronic-degenerative diseases, very often associated with obesity and aging, such as cardiovascular diseases, T2D, metabolic dysfunctions, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, all of them characterized by the presence of oxidative and inflammatory processes. The main concerns that arise from the evaluation of the preventive/therapeutic effects of curcumin are, first of all, the still small number of randomized placebo-control studies available; in addition, small sample sizes have generally been considered, and different protocols and different formulations as well as different routes of administration of curcumin have been used. Thus, it is quite difficult to compare the results and to provide a standard protocol for the use of this promising natural compound. For these reasons, and taking in account the growing use of curcumin by the general population, further investigations to confirm and expand current findings are mandatory and research on curcumin and its effects on human health have to be fostered and promoted.
    Keywords: curcumin ; glycogen synthase kinase-3 ; insulin resistance ; Islet amyloid polypeptide ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; inflammatory bowel disease ; proctocolitis ; turmeric ; complementary therapies ; phytotherapy ; gut microbiota ; polyphenols ; health ; fish oil ; mood ; subjective memory complaints ; APOE4 ; randomized controlled trial ; pregnancy ; pregnancy complications ; postpartum depression ; fetal development ; preterm birth ; adverse effects ; bioactive nutraceutical ; nutriepigenomics ; DNA methylation ; breast cancer ; chemoprevention ; curcuma ; type 2 diabetes ; dyslipidemia ; meta-analysis ; randomized control trial ; glioblastoma ; anticancer ; molecular signaling mechanism ; obesity ; inflammation ; adipose tissue ; aging ; brain ; cognition ; bioavailability ; oxidative stress ; antioxidant ; microbiota ; micelles ; apoptosis ; comet assay ; genotoxicity ; senolytics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 162
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: With the aging of the population, the incidence rate and number of elderly nervous system diseases have increased sharply. This event has brought huge problems to society. Despite significant efforts being made to explore new treatment options and drugs, the results have been limited. The reason may be due to people's incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of these age-related diseases. Iron is the most abundant trace element in the human body and is essential for normal life activities. Previous studies have shown that brain iron levels increase with age. The abnormal increase in brain iron levels is closely related to age-related neurological diseases. The disruption of the redox balance may be an important mechanism for the occurrence of neurological diseases caused by brain iron abnormalities. This Special Issue mainly highlights and discusses the latest research progress related to the regulation of brain iron metabolism, redox balance, and the pathogenesis of neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), cerebral ischemia, cancer and maintenance of cellular stemness. The molecular mechanisms of iron-misregulation-induced redox imbalance in disease pathogenesis were analyzed. On this basis, further discussions were conducted on potential therapeutic targets for regulating iron metabolism to achieve effective intervention in elderly neurological diseases.
    Keywords: glioma ; ferroptosis ; lipid peroxidation ; molecular mechanisms ; treatment ; CHIR99021 ; glycogen synthesis kinase 3 ; classical Wnt signaling pathway ; ferritin ; Neuro-2a ; cell stemness ; MitoQ ; PMMP ; autophagy ; radioprotection ; energy phenotype ; coenzyme Q10 ; tissue concentrations ; therapeutics ; Alzheimer’s disease ; dementia ; vascular dementia ; Lewy body dementia ; IRP2 ; Hif2 inhibition ; Fe-S clusters ; ferritinophagy ; microcytic anemia ; iron homeostasis ; iron dysregulation ; inflammation ; infection ; cancer ; iron chelation ; glucose metabolism ; NLRP3 inflammasome ; insulin resistance ; oxidative stress ; CY-09 ; OTUD3 ; ER stress ; IRE1α ; XBP1s ; Fortilin ; intracellular iron homeostasis ; neuroinflammation ; neurodegenerative diseases ; Nrf2 ; NF-κB ; 4-HNE ; Parkinson’s disease ; stroke ; neurodevelopment ; iron chelator ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 163
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), usually accompanied by cardiovascular disease and neoplasias, are now prevailed worldwide. The limited efficacy of current therapeutics and a proportion of non-responders are linked to missing aspects in their pathophysiology at the molecular and cellular levels. High-throughput single- and multi-omics approaches and their combinations are expected to pinpoint the key players underlying IMIDs’ establishment and/or progression, thus suggesting potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers. This Reprint gathered 13 papers presenting recent relevant data related to the assessment of CVD risk in RA, tailored therapeutics in RA-interstitial lung disease, IgG4-related RA, and Sjögren’s syndrome, enabling early identification of PsA and improving outcomes in patients’ with psoriasis. Also, novel non-invasive biomarkers for endoscopic activity and mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis, IBD, and cell-death-associated inflammatory syndromes are proposed. Moreover, a certain subset of telocytes is suggested as the pilot governor of epithelial behavior in preneoplastic gastric lesions, a newer member of IL-1 family, as it is a critical partner in lung adenocarcinoma, while distinct transcriptomic signatures and pathway profiles in human melanocytes corresponding to different Staphylococcal superantigenic enterotoxins are possible targets for therapeutic intervention in cases of toxic shocks. Lastly, Tregs- and dendritic cell-based IMID biomarkers are recommended to enable at more efficient, personalized, and precise treatment strategies.
    Keywords: arthritis ; rheumatoid ; immunoglobulin G ; immune system ; inflammation ; proteins ; proteomics ; rheumatoid arthritis ; periodontal disease ; cardiovascular disease ; biomarker ; ulcerative colitis ; gelsolin ; mucosal healing ; interstitial lung disease ; biomarkers ; treatment ; superantigens ; gene expression ; transcriptional dynamics ; staphylococcal enterotoxins ; SEB ; SEA ; TSST-1 ; toxins ; biological networks ; clustering ; functional pathways ; time–course analysis ; cDNA microarray ; human melanocytes ; cell death ; apoptosis ; necroptosis ; pyroptosis ; ubiquitin ; LUBAC ; OTULIN ; A20 ; autoimmunity ; human genetics ; epigenetics ; endoscopy ; imaging ; laboratory testing ; Sjogren’s syndrome ; patient stratification ; clinical relevance ; multi-omics ; psoriasis ; methylation ; histone ; ncRNAs ; immune-mediated inflammatory disorders ; autoimmune diseases ; immune regulation ; dendritic cells ; regulatory T cells ; omics ; therapeutic targeting ; chronic inflammation ; psoriatic diseases ; psoriatic arthritis ; data integration ; interleukin (IL-)37 ; lung adenocarcinoma ; survival ; infiltration rates ; FoxL1+-telocytes ; epithelial–mesenchymal interaction ; BMP signaling ; extracellular matrix ; mechanical microenvironment ; matrisome ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 164
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Today, interventional treatment and clinical management of cardiac arrhythmias represent a continuous challenge. This is mainly due to the widening of indications for implantable electronic devices and for catheter ablation procedures as well as the continuous improvement of technologies and medical therapies. Despite international guidelines and worldwide consensus updates, evidence gaps persist at all points in the real-world setting. This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of advances in the indications, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiac rhythm disturbances, with particular interest in the use of innovative techniques and technologies in interventional therapies.
    Keywords: Cardiovascular Medicine ; Cardiology ; Electrophysiology ; Cardiac Pacing ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJD Cardiovascular medicine
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  • 165
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: In Canada, survival from breast cancer has steadily increased since 1989, and breast cancer mortality has decreased by 48%. While 82% of women with breast cancer are diagnosed at stage 1 or 2, there are still 18% who present at a late stage and 25% who develop metastatic disease. Improved survival has been achieved through early diagnosis of breast cancer with screening, allowing for more effective and targeted treatments. This reprint summarizes the latest evidence on the early detection of breast cancer and highlights areas where this may be improved.
    Keywords: contrast-enhanced spectral mammography ; breast cancer ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; complete response ; response evaluation criteria in solid tumors ; contrast-enhanced mammography ; magnetic resonance imaging ; image enhancement ; contrast media ; radiomics ; artificial intelligence ; breast ; cancer ; screening ; dense ; patient advocacy ; breast density ; breast density notification ; Canada ; mammography ; breast ultrasound ; breast cancer screening ; interval cancer ; mortality reduction ; breast MRI ; digital breast tomosynthesis ; molecular breast imaging ; overdetection ; Canadian National Breast Screening Study ; overdiagnosis ; overtreatment ; microsimulation ; mammographic screening ; randomization ; expertise ; guidelines ; evidenc ; epistemic trespassing ; evidence-based medicine ; risk factors ; screening mammography ; knowledge assessment ; barriers ; questionnaire examination ; DBT ; ultrasound ; benign biopsy ; stage shift ; registries ; prevention ; recommendations ; clinical practice ; breast screening ; high-risk breast screening ; dense breasts ; supplemental breast screening ; cardiovascular disease ; chemotherapy ; radiotherapy ; mortality ; adjuvant endocrine therapy ; adherence to treatment ; side effects ; tamoxifen ; aromatase inhibitors ; GnRH agonist ; questionnaire ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 166
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide and a frequent cause of kidney failure. Better understanding of the pathogenesis of IgAN and the related genetic, immunological, and cellular susceptibility factors are needed to enable the development of effective disease-specific therapy. This book brings together international experts to provide clinical and experimental studies and reviews with an emphasis on early diagnosis, prognosis, disease pathogenesis, determination of disease activity, and new strategies for treatment for IgAN.
    Keywords: obesity ; mesangial matrix expansion ; body mass index ; IgA nephropathy ; IgA Vasculitis ; IgA Nephropathy ; adults ; children ; presentation ; physiopathology ; genetics ; prognosis ; treatment ; IgA ; clinical trials ; kidney mesangium ; mouse model ; aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 ; galactose-deficient IgA1 ; glycosylation of IgA1 ; biomarker ; complement C3 ; O-glycosylation ; IgA1 ; autoantibody ; immune complex ; complement ; kidney ; nephrology ; IgA vasculitis ; nephritis ; kidney biopsy ; plasma cells ; CD38 ; renal pathology ; urinary galactose-deficient IgA1 ; KM55 ; crescents ; proteinuria ; glomerular filtration rate ; Oxford score ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 167
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Polymeric biomaterials represent an essential tool in the biomedical field. Their high biocompatibility and ability to provide adequate regenerative support are fundamental for the development of new therapeutic devices. In particular, biomaterials derived from living organisms can exhibit not only structural roles but also several non-structural functions implicated in cellular growth, migration, and differentiation. Among them, type I collagen, a ubiquitous structural protein present in the mammalian body, plays a dominant role in maintaining the biological and structural integrity of various tissues. In recent years, with the goal of developing multi-functional collagen-based devices able to better promote the functional recovery of damaged tissues, numerous studies have focused on novel techniques and methods for the development and characterization of innovative and advanced high-performance formulations. The ability to control, modify, and tune collagen-based biomaterials performance by optimizing their architecture, besides modifying their chemistry, blending with other materials/therapeutics, or developing stimuli-responsive formulations, is an extremely important knowledge to acquire when specific multi-functionalities are sought.The present Special Issue collected 12 peer-reviewed interdisciplinary contributions on the broad topic of multi-functional collagen-based biomaterials.
    Keywords: collagen ; hydrogel ; stability ; transmission electron microscopy ; methacrylation ; rheology ; gelatin methacrylate ; type I collagen ; tilapia ; skin ; aquaponic ; biomaterials ; fish scale ; hydroxyapatite ; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ; osteogenic differentiation ; scaffold ; collagen vitrigel ; tissue engineering ; cornea ; corneal endothelium ; dentin-pulp complex regeneration ; signalling molecules ; stem cell from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) ; gelatin ; fibronectin-binding ; peptides ; HPLC-MS ; electrospinning ; ICOS-Fc ; cell migration ; bone remodelling ; osteoporosis ; viscoll collagen membrane ; cornea regeneration ; stromal replacement ; polyelectrolyte multilayer ; cross-linking ; bone tissue engineering ; drug release ; drug reservoir ; BMP-2 ; composite material ; controlled release ; vancomycin ; swelling ; pH dependence ; rose bengal ; crosslinking ; injectable collagen ; medical devices ; collagen scaffolds ; mechanical properties ; physicochemical properties ; morphology ; composition ; cell viability ; molecular structure ; Dosidicus gigas ; X-ray tomography ; SynchrotronLike ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 168
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: This Antimicrobial Prescribing and Stewardship Issue (volume 1) consist of manuscripts, including original research, review articles, case series, and opinion papers for topics related to antimicrobial (antibiotic, antifungal) stewardship, including: Disease-based/organism-based antimicrobial stewardship;Diagnostic stewardship;Influence of antimicrobial utilisation changes in antimicrobial resistance;Impact of antimicrobial stewardship on quality performance measures and patient outcomes;Novel antimicrobial stewardship education and training approaches or interventions aimed at the public and/or healthcare workers;Behavioural change approaches to antimicrobial stewardship;Collaborative practice agreements in antimicrobial stewardship;Antimicrobial stewardship in special populations (e.g., paediatrics, geriatrics, emergency medicine, hematology/oncology);Tackling AMR through antimicrobial stewardship in low- and middle-income countries;Antimicrobial stewardship for animal health;Antimicrobial stewardship in alternative settings (e.g., community practice, long-term care, and resource-limited small and rural hospitals);Antimicrobial use and stewardship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic;Global collaborations to tackle AMR through antimicrobial stewardship.
    Keywords: antimicrobial stewardship ; pharmacy ; sepsis ; wound management ; culture and sensitivity testing ; resistance patterns ; low-and middle-income countries ; Uganda ; antibiotic ; antimicrobial resistance ; veterinary ; animal health ; Africa ; bone infection ; joint infection ; osteomyelitis ; pediatric infectious disease ; septic arthritis ; antibiotics ; microbial resistance ; upper respiratory tract infections ; fosfomycin ; urinary infection ; resistance ; CwPAMS App ; smartphone apps ; antimicrobial prescribing ; low- and middle-income countries ; barriers and enablers ; training ; antibiotics use ; behavior change ; Helicobacter pylori ; therapy ; metronidazole ; clarithromycin ; fluoroquinolones ; amoxicillin ; proton pump inhibitors ; ethical trials ; obesity ; bloodstream infection ; antimicrobials ; prescription ; community health workers ; health practitioners ; infection prevention and control ; multidisciplinary ; one health ; UK ; antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ; antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) ; delayed/back-up prescribing ; developing countries ; LMICs ; Ghana ; knowledge ; attitudes ; medical students ; antimicrobial ; stewardship ; prescribing ; meningitis ; encephalitis ; FilmArray ; multiplex PCR ; rapid diagnostic technology ; children ; adolescents ; outcomes ; antibiotic stewardship program ; complementarity ; prospective audit and feedback ; antibiotic stewardship ; pharyngitis ; acute otitis media ; clinical pathways ; emergency departments ; antibiotic use ; prescribing appropriateness ; follow-up blood cultures ; Gram negative bacteremia ; critically ill patients ; antibiotic therapy ; general practice ; family practice ; health policy ; quality of health care ; public health ; pharmacist ; nurse ; COVID-19 ; antibiotic resistance ; wound care ; burn care ; Nepal ; AMS ; antimicrobial stewardship intervention ; PDSA cycle ; enterococcal ; bacteremia ; epidemiology ; risk factors ; mortality ; urinary tract infections (UTI) ; older adults ; qualitative ; leaflet ; Theoretical Domains Framework ; coronavirus ; SARS-CoV-2 ; anti-infective agents ; candidemia ; hematologic diseases ; complex intervention ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 169
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on novel and scarcely investigated topics in relation to atrial fibrillation (AF), from the role of f-wave harmonic spectral structures in improving the preoperative prediction of catheter ablation outcomes in AF to the design of a study to investigate the effectiveness of a hand-held device in screening for AF when embedded into the handles of supermarket trolleys. However, the management of AF is so complex that this Special Issue also explores the therapeutic approach to AF in patients with congenital hemophilia, provides exercise recommendations for patients with AF, and includes broader investigations, such as on the impact of integrated care on oral anticoagulation quality, the identification of clinical phenotypes to stratify mortality risk, and the assessment of differences in biomarkers between AF patients and healthy controls.
    Keywords: atrial fibrillation ; catheter ablation ; coronary sinus ; catheter channels ; P-waves ; local activation waves ; left pulmonary veins ; heart rate variability ; vitamin K antagonists ; time in therapeutic range ; Atrial Fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway ; anticoagulant ; left atrial appendage occlusion ; cardiovascular disease ; hemophilia ; atrial fibrillation detection ; cardiac arrhythmia ; stroke prevention ; electrocardiogram ; sensor devices ; community screening ; rehabilitation medicine ; physical activity ; exercise ; preventive cardiology ; vascular health ; atrial health ; secondary prevention ; all-cause mortality ; phenotype ; risk factors ; finite element method ; atrophy ; fibrosis ; biomarkers ; NT-proBNP ; electrogram ; complex fractionated atrial electrograms ; detection ; invasive recordings ; cycle length ; comparison ; persistent atrial fibrillation ; outcome prediction ; fibrillatory wave analysis ; spectral analysis ; dominant frequency ; harmonic content ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 170
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Overcoming biological barriers is a significant challenge in drug development, and recent advancements in drug delivery systems and technologies offer promising solutions. This Special Issue highlights the innovative approaches and techniques being used to improve drug permeability and absorption, as well as their potential impact on a wide range of therapeutic goals. These advancements being made in drug delivery and permeability offer exciting possibilities to improve patient outcomes.
    Keywords: brain tumor ; glioma ; drug delivery ; injection ; intra-arterial ; chemotherapy ; targeted therapy ; immunotherapy ; nanoparticles ; treatment ; blood–brain barrier modulation ; tight junction ; active efflux ; transcytosis ; oligonucleotide ; lipid conjugates ; LNP ; delivery ; cholesterol ; fatty acid ; tocopherol ; squalene ; intranasal ; nose-to-brain ; CNS ; nanocarriers ; niosomes ; catechin ; dermal delivery ; antioxidant activity ; oxidative stress ; skin barrier ; penetration ; cellular uptake ; focused ultrasound ; blood–brain barrier opening ; therapeutic agent delivery ; ultrasound parameters ; ultrasound safety ; review ; lung metastasis ; targeting ; colorectal cancer ; liposome ; immunogenicity ; CRISPR-Cas9 ; blood-brain barrier ; intestinal epithelial barrier ; drug permeability ; wound healing ; natural products ; advanced delivery ; traditional medicine ; alternative medicine ; camptothecin ; metastasis ; mitochondria ; 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate ; dissolution ; absorption ; inhalation ; dry powders ; fine particle dose ; anxiety ; blood–brain barrier ; brain bioavailability ; depression ; drug molecule functionalization ; nanoemulsions ; nanosystems ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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  • 171
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is closely linked with the pathogenesis of cervical cancer and many other cancers. HPV vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection from certain types of human papillomavirus. However, despite the various prevention strategies and treatments, such as HPV screening, prophylactic HPV vaccines, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the disease burden remains heavy worldwide. Currently, three types of prophylactic vaccines—quadrivalent HPV vaccines, bivalent HPV vaccines, and a new nonavalent HPV vaccine—are commercially available. Although these vaccines protect against 90% of HPV infections, their capacity to eliminate pre-existing infections is limited. In this Topical Collection, we aim to systematically cover the progress, current status, and future prospects of various vaccines being developed for the prevention and treatment of HPV-associated lesions and cancers.
    Keywords: HPV ; HPV vaccine ; social media ; mobile phone ; HPV vaccine intervention ; RE-AIM Framework ; human papillomavirus ; vaccination coverage ; recipient-oriented interventions ; provider-oriented interventions ; systematic review ; human papillomavirus vaccination ; adverse effects ; orthostatic dysregulation ; chronic regional pain syndrome ; cognitive dysfunction ; HPV vaccination ; men who have sex with men ; online health promotion ; outcome and process evaluation ; Human Papillomavirus ; barriers ; pharmacists ; vaccination ; cervical cancer ; cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ; E6 oncoprotein ; E7 oncoprotein ; therapeutic vaccine ; DNA vaccine ; DNA therapeutic vaccine ; pharmacy ; vaccine referral ; family medicine ; obstetrics and gynecology ; HPV vaccine barriers ; provider perspectives ; vaccines ; AEFIs ; causality assessment ; dosing schedule ; dosing interval ; 9-valent ; low adherence ; HPV serum antibodies ; L1 HPV ; 9-valent vaccination ; squamous intraepithelial neoplasia ; HPV vaccine knowledge ; HPV vaccine awareness ; Kazakhstan ; cervical cancer prevention ; human papilloma virus ; health behaviour ; vaccine hesitancy ; membranous nephropathy ; p16 INK4a ; mass spectrometry ; vaccine effectiveness ; vaccine impact ; real-world evidence ; systematic literature review ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 172
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: With the advancements in the medical and scientific fields, the global community has acquired a comprehensive understanding about brain insults and pathologies. In addition, new findings and discoveries are being made globally every day, which keep our curiosity high and drive a knowledge gain. Any brain insult or pathology is multifactorial, including a cascade of inflammation, necrotic, and apoptotic pathways; can be influenced by genetic or environmental factors; and may lead to chronic neurodegeneration or disabilities. This Special Issue, entitled “Brain Injury and Neurodegeneration: Molecular, Functional, and Translational Approach”, has addressed various important aspects of brain injury and neurodegeneration, such as TBI, cerebral hypoxia, epilepsy, AD, and SARS-CoV-2-mediated brain damage. It received appreciable global response, and published 18 peer-reviewed articles, including 10 research articles and 8 reviews. Briefly, it explores the recent coronavirus infection-mediated cerebral damage; discusses the mechanism of TBI, ischemia, hypoxia, and epilepsy; talks about neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and CONDCA; and, finally, reviews the translational values of phytochemicals in brain pathologies. In conclusion, this Special Issue provides a unique review on brain injury and neurodegeneration, and will be a good tool in enhancing knowledge in terms of brain disease-related pathology, mechanisms, and translational approach.
    Keywords: neurodegenerative diseases ; phytochemicals ; natural products ; neuroprotection ; neurotrauma ; neuroinflammation ; excitotoxicity ; oxidative stress ; apoptosis ; edema ; brain injury ; therapeutic strategies ; 18F-FDG PET ; anosmia ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; olfactory dysfunction ; anti-convulsants ; anti-epileptic drugs ; drug targets ; epileptogenesis ; non-communicable disease ; seizures ; transcriptional modifications ; pseudo-resistance ; ischemia ; FABP3 ; FABP5 ; FABP7 ; mPGES-1 ; PGE2 ; treadmill exercise ; Parkinson’s disease ; neural mitochondrial functions ; amyloid beta ; Alzheimer’s disease ; inflammation ; gene regulation ; organelle dysfunction ; AGTPBP1 ; CCP1 ; CONDCA ; neurodegeneration ; NNA1 ; pcd ; microglia ; chronic alcoholism ; HHV-6 ; Substantia Nigra ; ischemic stroke ; epigenetics ; histone deacetylase ; histone deacetylase inhibitor ; mechanical stimulations ; traumatic brain injury (TBI) ; stretching ; neurons ; GSK-3β ; p-Tau ; extracellular matrix ; icariin ; icaritin ; middle cerebral artery occlusion ; traumatic brain injury ; blunt-force TBI ; post-traumatic seizures ; zebrafish ; sonic hedgehog signaling ; purmorphamine ; mild traumatic brain injury ; microRNA ; exomiRNA ; exosome ; TBI ; tRNA ; miRNA ; isomiR ; RNAseq ; moderate traumatic brain injury ; reactive oxygen species ; cognitive impairment ; mitochondria ; hypoxia ; neuraxis ; hypoxic-ischemic injuries ; neural ischemia ; neural tissue hypoxic injuries ; neuro-recovery ; neurorehabilitation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Since the emergence of the Coronavirus-19 infectious disease (COVID-19) pandemic, a rising number of reports have underlined the risk of increasing antimicrobial resistance due to antibiotic overuse in COVID-19 patients. In addition, many physicians and pharmacists involved in antimicrobial stewardship have had to shift their activities to the containment of the COVID-19 crisis. In contrast to this observed overconsumption of antibiotics, very few bacterial superinfections have been documented in COVID-19 patients, especially in patients admitted outside the intensive care unit and in the first days of admission. However, the identification of bacterial co-/superinfections in COVID-19 patients is difficult, as inflammatory and radiological markers of bacterial infection lack specificity in this setting. Furthermore, studies regarding the effect of immune suppression, including the use of corticosteroids and anti-interleukins, and the effect of potential immunomodulatory properties of certain antibiotics on the occurrence of bacterial co-/superinfection are needed.This Special Issue of Antibiotics aims to increase our knowledge regarding (more or less specific) markers associated with bacterial co-/superinfection in COVID-19 patients, quantitative and qualitative data regarding antibiotic prescriptions in COVID-19 patients, potential beneficial effects of antibiotic use in certain COVID-19 subgroups, detrimental effects associated with antibiotic overuse in COVID-19 patients, and evidence-based guidelines, which could facilitate the decision-making process when antibiotic prescriptions are considered.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; antimicrobial use ; multicentre ; point-prevalence study ; Influenza ; co-infection ; secondary infections ; aspergillosis ; ivermectin ; randomized-controlled trial ; prevention ; treatment ; SARS-CoV-2 ; antiviral ; antibiotic ; azithromycin ; remdesivir ; macrolides ; virus ; coronavirus ; immunolides ; antivirus ; pandemics ; procalcitonin ; SARS virus ; community-acquired infections ; emergency service ; hospital ; pneumonia ; viral ; community-acquired pneumonia ; Mid-regional Pro-adrenomedullin ; ARDS ; biomarker ; prognosis ; superinfection ; bacterial co-infection ; bacterial superinfection ; antibiotic stewardship ; AMR ; antibiotics ; cephalosporin ; secondary infection ; variant of concern ; interleukin-6 receptor antagonist ; early administration ; mortality rates ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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  • 174
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The consumption of fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices, etc., is thought to be associated with reduced risk for many human diseases, including cancers. Recently, significant advances have been made in evaluating the efficacy of natural products (compounds from natural sources) against human diseases. The purpose of this Special Issue, “Natural Products and Disease Prevention, Relief and Treatment", was to collect manuscripts concerning natural products for treating human diseases. Consequently, we have collected several high-quality manuscripts that focus on the molecular mechanisms of natural products, including their anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antifibrotic, and anticancer effects, as well as other health beneficial effects across a wide range of human diseases. Overall, this Special Issue is an excellent source for information on promising natural products for future preclinical and clinical research into multiple diseases.
    Keywords: Rubi Fructus ; Rubus coreanus ; lipopolysaccharide ; macrophage ; ER stress ; calcium ; chop ; STAT ; cytokine ; nitric oxide ; β-glucan ; anticancer activity ; antioxidant ; anti-inflammatory ; cyclooxygenase ; lipoxygenase ; cauliflower mushroom ; breast cancer ; Spirulina ; tocotrienol ; immunomodulatory ; synergistic ; metastasis ; YG-1 extract ; bronchodilation ; fine particulate matter (PM2.5) ; acute lung injury ; airway inflammation ; pancreatic cancer ; natural product ; traditional medicine ; apoptosis ; angiogenesis ; drug resistance ; inflammation ; interleukin-6 ; sepsis ; Dracocephalum moldavica ; NASH ; lactoferrin ; fibrosis ; hepatocarcinogenesis ; connexin ; brown algae ; Sargassum plagiophyllum ; constipation ; gastrointestinal transit ; gut microbiota ; transepithelial transport ; glaucoma ; herbs ; retinal ganglion cells ; intraocular pressure ; SLC22A12 ; quercetin ; fisetin ; uricosuric activity ; anti-hyperuricemia ; functional food ; transporter ; uric acid ; health promotion ; rooibos tea ; doxorubicin ; mokko lactone ; heart ; Mokko lactone ; Dracocephalum moldavica ethanol extract ; Sparassis crispa ; fisetin and quercetin ; Sargassum plagiophyllum extract ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint focuses on ecosystem observation, simulation and assessment. Ecosystems provide supply, regulation, culture and support services for human beings in addition to overall support human survival and sustainable development. However, driven by multiple factors such as climate change, population growth, urbanization, and exploitation of mineral resources, global problems such as ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss have affected the sustainable development of human beings. Because of this, it has become a hot spot in ecology research to develop basic theories, model methods and technical means for ecosystem observation, simulation and evaluation for the quantitative analysis of the structure, process and function of ecosystems as well as the improvement of the scientific understanding of the changing characteristics and evolution laws of natural ecosystems.
    Keywords: ecosystem service value (ESV) ; grassland ; regulator ; CASA model ; equivalent factor ; vegetation NPP ; projection ; process-based ecosystem model ; climate change ; global warming target ; YREB ; production–living–ecological (PLE) functions ; coordination characteristics ; SDG target 11.a ; Guangxi Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration (GBG_UA) ; Zoige wetland ; nature reserve ; fractional vegetation cover ; water conservation ; ecological conservation ; Zoige grassland wetland ; black-necked crane ; species distribution model ; MaxEnt ; habitat suitability assessment ; model optimization ; HRNet ; MMdetection ; large herbivores ; UAV remote sensing image ; overlapping segmentation ; soil nutrient ; hyperspectral ; inversion model ; ecosystem service value ; full-scale development policy ; ecological protection policy ; western China ; waterbird ; wetland ; diversity ; Xianghai Nature Reserve ; methane emission ; lakes ; water hyacinth ; greenhouse gases ; socioeconomic development ; coupling coordination degree ; entropy weight method ; Qinba Mountains ; different fertilizers ; long-term fertilization ; microbial community ; environmental factors ; correlation ; mangrove conservation ; wetland habitat ; landscape changes ; ecology & hydrology ; CH4 ; ebullition flux ; plateau reservoir ; microbes ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    Amsterdam University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Ton de Leeuw (1926-96) is probably one of the most influential composers at the crossroads between Eastern philosophy and Western technique. A one-time pupil of Olivier Messiaen's in Paris, throughout the latter years of his musical career he concentrated on the marriage of Western emphasis on action and tension, and the ethical function of music in Eastern traditions. The musical world of the twentieth century is a divided one. Numerous histories of it have been written, but few of the exceptional quality of de Leeuw's, who brought into his writing a lifetime of experience as a composer and scholar of music. His work is a lucid and impassioned discussion of the elements, structures, compositional principles and terminologies in modern music that can be regarded as most innovatory. This book is an excellent guide for anyone wishing to gain knowledge of the compositional technique and mentality, particularly university and conservatory students. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Music ; History ; General Science ; Art & Art History ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AG The Arts: treatments and subjects::AGA History of art ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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  • 177
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Gastroenterology and hepatology are fields of research that have improved considerably in recent years in terms of clinical approach, diagnosis, and therapy. However, there is still much to be clarified and explored, and many questions remain unanswered. Therefore, basic research, including translational and clinical discoveries, supported by technological innovations such as artificial intelligence, will enable further steps toward better, more refined treatments for many digestive diseases. The challenge of modern medicine will therefore be to connect these two fields to ensure optimal patient management. Further innovations will help clinicians to improve clinical practice, establish new guidelines, and provide personalized treatment based on patient characteristics. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight recent advances and future challenges in gastroenterology and hepatology.
    Keywords: liver disease ; research ; gastrointestinal tract ; nutrition ; diagnosis ; treatment ; artificial intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint covers some significant impacts in the recent research in both the private and public sectors of cancer diagnosis and therapy, in which Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning are significant. This reprint is also a collection of forty different complex and challenging problems arranged in five groups: AI in prognosis, grading, and prediction, AI in clinical image analysis, AI models for pathological diagnosis, ML and statistical models for molecular cancer diagnostics and genetics, and AI in triage, risk stratification, and screening cancer, which are all focused on using AI in cancer diagnosis and therapy. All the necessary concepts, solutions, methodologies, and references are supplied except for some fundamental knowledge that is well-known in the general fields of AI and cancer diagnosis and therapy. The readers may, therefore, gain the main concepts of each chapter, with as little of a need as possible to refer to the concepts of the other chapters and references. The readers may hence start to read one or more chapters of the book for their own interests.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; bioinformatics ; modeling complex biological systems ; &nbsp ; computational cancer biology ; computational drug discovery ; radiology ; radiation therapy (oncology) ; cancer diagnosis and cancer therapy. ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 179
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint aims to disseminate the latest research achievements, findings, and ideas in the robotics field, with particular focus on the Italian scenario. It covers a range of topics related to the theory, design, practice, and applications of robots, such as robot design and kinematics, dynamics of robots and multi-body systems, linkages and manipulators, control of robotic systems, trajectory planning and optimization, innovative robots and applications, industrial robotics, collaborative robotics, medical robotics, assistive robotics, and service robotics. The reprints contributions include (but are not limited to) revised and substantially extended versions of selected papers that were presented at the 2nd International Conference of IFToMM, Italy (IFIT 2018).
    Keywords: robotics ; humanoids ; foot mechanism ; prosthetics ; neurorehabilitation ; humanoid robotics ; assistive robotics ; service robotics ; mechanism design ; kinematics ; cable-driven robots ; compliant mechanisms ; underactuated mechanisms ; motion analysis ; workspace ; deburring ; robot ; cutting forces ; compliant mechanism ; manipulator design ; robot kinematics ; synthesis of kinematic structure ; loop chain ; virtual link ; instant center ; multi-degree-of-freedom ; Aronhold–Kennedy theorem ; rescue robotics ; search and rescue ; robot design ; mobile robot ; patient transfer ; casualty extraction ; planar CDPR ; prescribed task ; optimization problem ; multiobjective formulation ; mono-objective formulation ; position control approach ; validated experimentally ; wheelchair upper limb exoskeleton robot ; ADL assistance ; PD control ; dynamic modeling of an upper limb exoskeleton ; trajectory tracking ; wearable exoskeleton ; reconfigurable parallel mechanism (RPM) ; degree-of-freedom (DOF) ; circular guide ; computer-aided design (CAD) modeling ; virtual and physical prototyping ; screw theory ; kinetostatic analysis ; digital twins ; 3D printing technology ; parallel mechanism ; RoboMech ; structural-parametric synthesis ; Chebyshev and least-square approximations ; kinematic analysis ; robotic rehabilitation ; brachial monoparesis ; torque monitoring ; human–robot interaction ; HRI (human–robot interaction) ; Leap Motion ; UR5 ; hand gesture recognition ; pointing gestures ; collaborative robotics ; parallel robot ; non-uniform covering ; optimization ; singularity zones ; link interference ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 180
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: This reprint focuses on the most recent advances in PET/CT imaging within the field of oncology. These innovations include studies on novel or experimental tracers, such as [18F]FES for the imaging of advanced breast cancer and [68Ga]Ga-Nitroimidazole for visualizing hypoxic tumour components; research on new radiopharmaceuticals represents, in fact, one the most important study fields of PET research. Advanced image analysis, such as radiomics, is also featured in this reprint; this method has been applied to both traditional nuclear medicine clinical issues, such as thyroid nodules, as well as in the setting of new therapeutic approaches, such as CAR-T cell therapy. Finally, the theranostic implications of PET radiotracers and the diagnostic processes of rare tumours are explored in this reprint.
    Keywords: thyroid incidentalomas ; radiomics ; texture analysis ; 18F-FDG ; PET/CT ; positron emission tomography ; thyroid cancer ; cervical cancer ; hypoxia ; 68Ga-Nitroimidazole ; HIF-1α ; immunohistochemistry ; Mantle Cell Lymphoma ; MTV ; TLG ; sarcopenia ; diffuse-large B cell lymphoma ; chimeric antigen receptor T cells ; response assessment ; computed tomography ; paraneoplastic syndromes ; neurooncology ; [18F]FDG PET/CT ; PNS ; FDG ; FES ; breast cancer ; oestrogen receptor ; diagnosis ; nuclear medicine ; meningioma ; peptide receptor radionuclide therapy ; PRRT ; targeted therapy ; somatostatin receptor ; SSTR ; n/a ; solitary fibrous tumor ; hemangiopericytoma ; fluorodeoxyglucose ; fluorocholine ; non-FDG radiopharmaceuticals ; [18F]FDG PET/MRI ; multiparametric imaging ; dual-time-point kinetic ; cervical carcinoma ; lymph node metastases ; PSMA hybrid imaging ; staging of primary prostate cancer ; [18F]PSMA-1007 ; [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 ; SUVmax cut-off level ; prostate carcinoma ; intra-tumoural heterogeneity ; intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ; positron emission tomography–computed tomography ; immunology ; FGFR2 translocation ; imaging fusion ; navigation technology ; immunotherapy ; Hodgkin lymphoma ; FDG-PET ; pseudoprogression ; LYRIC ; whole-body ; dynamic PET ; parametric FDG ; Patlak ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The welfare of an individual could be severely affected by stressful events. Mainly for this reason, the scientific community is interested in finding specific and quantifiable characteristics which could indicate or predict specific signs of acute or chronic stress exposure. The aim of this reprint is to reflect this interest in the field of companion animal physiology. The authors engaged in publishing this reprint are experts in the multiple mechanisms involved in stress response, including the detection of behavioral and physical signs which can be measured through biological indicators of homeostasis displacement. The editors strongly believe this topic will be of interest not only to researchers in this field, but also to dog trainers, dog shelter workers and veterinary behaviorists.
    Keywords: dog ; maternity ; cortisol ; dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate ; HPA axis ; animal perinatology ; asphyxia ; physiological blood profile ; puppy welfare ; stillbirth ; Canis lupus familiaris ; guide dogs ; biomarker ; neuromodulator ; serotonin ; free oxytocin ; total oxytocin ; prolactin ; stress ; animal welfare ; emotions ; human-dog interaction ; pain ; positive and negative stimuli ; dogs ; cats ; thermal window ; infrared thermography ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 182
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease are increasing worldwide due to aging and comorbidities. The classical neuropathogenetic model, which concentrates on brain amyloid plaque deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, and cholinergic system dysfunction, is being expanded and integrated with newer molecular models. Understanding the relationships between the classical pathogenetic pathways and newer hypotheses is imperative for guiding future research and developing effective drugs. The existence of newer molecular mechanisms such as risk factors, comorbidities like vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, and neuroanatomical/neurofunctional alterations as blood–brain barrier breakdown and neurovascular unit dysfunction, offer potential targets to improve Alzheimer's Disease diagnosis and treatment. This reprint provides an overview of the pathophysiologic role of newer and older molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease, shedding light on new insights for the development of new therapeutic approaches. It also highlights newer candidate markers of disease onset and progression.
    Keywords: Alzheimer&rsquo ; s disease ; mild cognitive impairment ; type 3 diabetes mellitus ; MCI ; neurovascular unit ; neurovascular unit dysfunction ; blood&ndash ; brain barrier ; brain barrier disruption ; atherosclerosis ; biomarkers ; prognosis ; diagnosis ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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  • 183
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: Diet contributes to the development of many chronic conditions including obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, some cancers, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and potentially some neurological diseases. This reprint addresses associations between diet (and specific nutrients including vitamin D) and various chronic diseases including obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, neurological conditions, and age-related macular degeneration. More specifically, the impacts of plant-based diets, dairy products, and ketogenic diets are explored in relation to chronic disease risk as well as some benefits of the consumption of oral nutritional supplements in the prevention of malnutrition and sarcopenia and in the treatment of wounds in individuals with diabetes. Additional topics that are covered include some roles of the fatty acid arachidonic acid in the body and the impact of cellular mitochondrial dysfunction on the progression of age-related macular degeneration. The effectiveness of a variety of nutraceuticals is covered as a means for the prevention or treatment of age-related macular degeneration. Lastly, the use of olive oil in reducing gut permeability in those with pre-diabetes is addressed, as well as the complex relationships of diet/food and of disease (metabolic syndrome) with the gut microbiota.
    Keywords: renin ; arachidonic acid ; juxtaglomerular cells ; granular cells ; nucleus ; lamin ; actin-myosin ; afferent ; dairy foods ; cheese ; yogurt ; cardiovascular disease ; cardiovascular risk factors ; vitamin D ; recurrent stroke ; 25-hydroxyvitamin ; stroke prevention ; nutraceuticals ; age-related macular degeneration ; mitochondrial biogenesis ; Sirt1 ; AMPK ; Nrf2 ; ferulic acid ; melatonin ; berberine ; astaxanthin ; weight gain ; NAFLD ; population attributable fraction ; lipopolysaccharides (LPS) ; gut permeability ; zonulin ; Glucagon-like peptide1(GLP1) ; extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) ; oleuropein ; Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) ; nutrient supplementation ; nutrition education ; diabetes ; diabetic foot ulcer ; chronic wounds ; pro-inflammatory cytokines ; anti-inflammatory cytokines ; nutrition intervention ; inflammation ; wound healing ; cytokines ; CRP ; IL6 ; IL10 ; tristetraprolin ; TTP ; gut microbiota ; habitual diet ; 16S rRNA gene sequencing ; Chinese ; adults ; plant-based diets ; plant food quality ; type 2 diabetes ; prospective study ; Asian ; gut metabolites ; gut microbiome ; metabolic syndrome ; obesity ; probiotics ; synbiotics ; prediabetes ; oral nutritional supplement ; enteral nutrition ; morphofunctional assessment ; ketogenic diet ; neurological diseases ; epilepsy ; Alzheimer’s disease (AD) ; Parkinson’s disease (PD) ; multiple sclerosis (MS) ; migraine ; brain ; neurone ; neuroinflammation ; ketone bodies ; ketogenic ; neurotransmitters ; neuroplasticity ; treatment ; prevention ; inflammatory ; anti-inflammatory ; low carb ; high fat ; nutrition ; ketosis ; diabetes mellitus ; type 1 diabetes mellitus ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; glycaemia ; glycated hemoglobin ; HbA1c ; HOMA-IR ; chronic diseases ; lipid profile ; lipidaemia ; prophylaxis ; nutrition recommendation ; dietary patterns ; carbohydrates ; PRISMA ; Cochrane ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 184
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Evidence has shown that botulinum toxin A has advantages in lower urinary tract dysfunctions (LUTDs), especially in interstitial cystitis, urethral sphincter dysfunction, and inflammatory bladder disorders which currently cannot be adequately treated with oral pharmacological medications. This Special Issue has collected original or review articles that focus on the novel applications of botulinum toxin A in LUTDs. The research has been updated and contains novel therapeutic applications of botulinum toxin for bladder or urethral dysfunctions. This Special Issue of Toxins provides current knowledge surrounding the status of botulinum toxin in functional urology and LUTDs.
    Keywords: adverse events ; lower-urinary-tract dysfunction ; therapeutic efficacy ; urinary incontinence ; voiding dysfunction ; botulinum toxin A ; onabotulinum toxin A ; bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis ; long-term treatment ; bladder pain syndrome ; interstitial cystitis ; Sapylin ; liposome ; bladder oversensitivity ; detrusor overactivity ; interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome ; botulinum toxin A injection ; urine biomarkers ; bladder inflammation ; botulinum toxin ; urethral ; detrusor underactivity ; urethral sphincter dysfunction ; dysfunctional voiding ; poor relaxation of the external sphincter ; botulinum toxins ; type A ; urinary bladder ; overactive ; aged ; postoperative complications ; spinal cord injury ; neurogenic bladder ; onabotulinumtoxinA ; botox ; platelet-rich plasma ; intravesical injection ; incontinence ; Parkinson’s disease ; stroke ; dyssynergia ; overactive bladder ; men ; lower urinary tract symptoms ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 185
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This book focuses on the recent advancements in both fundamental and clinical research, focusing on identifying, developing, and applying new and improved biological markers for specific neurologic disorders in the future. The original research work and review articles published here highlight some unique mechanisms underlying the most prevalent pathophysiological conditions affecting human health. Other areas covered in the book include emerging treatment options and correct diagnoses using different biochemical and imaging techniques.
    Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease ; amyloid beta ; hippocampus ; Kir channels ; K+ channels ; glioblastoma multiforme ; low-grade glioma ; astrocytoma ; recurrence ; multifocal growth ; mRNA expression ; MPS1 ; TTK ; therapy ; EDTA chelation therapy ; neurodegenerative diseases ; metal detoxification ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; neuroinflammation ; neurodegeneration ; cognitive dysfunction ; neurofibrillary tangles ; diagnosis methods ; biomarkers ; perinatal stress ; NURR1 ; inflammation ; late-onset diseases ; early life ; artificial neural network ; deep learning ; Parkinson’s disease ; atypical parkinsonian syndrome ; dopamine transporter SPECT ; β-Amyloid ; calpain ; Collapsin Response Mediator Protein-2 ; human-neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells ; Somatostatin-14 ; somatostatin receptor ; brain injury ; quinpirole ; dopamine D2 receptors ; glial cell ; autophagy ; mitophagy ; multiple sclerosis ; biomarker ; neurons ; astrocytes ; Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases ; fluid and imaging biomarkers ; amyloid-β and tau ; miRNA ; extracellular vesicles ; exosomes and ectosomes ; PET ; radiotracers ; radiolabeled molecules ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 186
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: This Special Issue aimed to cover a diverse scope of topics, from diagnostics to the management of temporomandibular disorders and myofascial pain, with a special focus on innovations in those areas. Intense research progress in the subject as well as technological development, access to knowledge, and novel digital tools allow developing more precise, reproducible, and dedicated diagnostic and therapeutic protocols.
    Keywords: temporomandibular disorders ; arthralgia ; sodium hyaluronate ; betamethasone ; platelet-rich plasma ; mastication ; bite force ; alloplastic total joint replacement ; temporomandibular joint ; facial pain ; telemedicine ; community dentistry ; public health dentistry ; COVID-19 ; temporomandibular joint disorders ; temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome ; musculoskeletal manipulations ; manual therapies ; systematic review ; dental occlusion ; dental prosthesis ; trigger points ; myofascial pain ; manual therapy ; botox ; botulin toxin therapy ; masticatory dysfunction syndrome ; pilot study ; feedback ; muscle strength ; neurofeedback ; rehabilitation ; reproducibility of results tongue ; arcon articulator ; condylar guidance angle ; non-arcon articulator ; panoramic radiographs ; radiographic examination ; novel diagnosis ; temporomandibular dysfunction ; therapeutic ; lateral spread response ; abnormal muscle response ; hemifacial spasm ; microvascular decompression ; compressive patterns ; penetrating offender ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 187
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Parasitic infections pose a significant public health challenge, particularly in developing countries, and can lead to long-term illness, disability, and even death. This reprint focuses on parasitic diseases and how parasites respond to the oxidative and nitrosative stress generated by the host's immune system. The articles in this Special Issue cover various aspects of this topic, including the localization of parasites within the host, the impact of nutrition and drugs, and the role of the host's immune defense cells in the parasitic response to oxidative and nitrosative stress. Understanding the mechanisms underlying parasitic diseases is crucial for developing innovative treatments that can target parasites' defense against oxidative stress. This Special Issue serves as a valuable resource for researchers, students, and physicians interested in parasitic infections.
    Keywords: Entamoeba histolytica ; neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) ; neutrophils ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; myeloperoxidase ; auranofin ; drug resistance ; transcriptomics ; redoxomics ; thioredoxin reductase ; chronic Chagas disease ; Trypanosoma cruzi ; antioxidant ; immunomodulation ; immunohistochemistry ; essential oils ; Lippia alba ; limonene ; caryophyllene oxide ; ROS ; antimalarials ; Plasmodium falciparum ; malaria and oxidative stress ; Leishmania braziliensis ; nitric oxide resistance ; American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) ; nitrosative stress ; reactive oxygen species ; reactive nitrogen species ; quantitative proteomics ; FASP ; mass spectrometry ; glycolysis ; glutathione metabolism ; Lactobacillus acidophilus ; probiotic ; cysteine proteases ; platyhelminthes ; Cestoda ; oxygen tension ; anaerobic metabolism ; tegument ; mitochondria ; ticks ; mosquitoes ; oxidative stress ; microbiome ; acaricide ; insecticide resistance ; antioxidants ; excretory–secretory products ; helminth ; immune defence ; oxidative burst ; ruminants ; trematode ; parasite ; worm ; trypanosomatids ; growth and differentiation ; parasite oxidative stress ; mitochondrial function ; ATP synthesis ; parasite lipid content ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNS Epidemiology & medical statistics
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  • 188
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The introduction of permanent cardiac pacing in the late 1950s began the era of cardiac electrotherapy. In the 1980s, implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) were introduced. These advances created new challenges for cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Right ventricular pacing was the primary breakthrough; however, over the years, it has become apparent that it can induce cardiac contraction dyssynchrony. Biventricular pacing allowed for the alleviation of dyssynchrony and improved the survival of patients with heart failure and bundle branch block. In recent decades, His bundle pacing has become a new strategy for physiological ventricular activation. However, the use of CIEDs carries several risks, e.g., complications related to transvenous leads. This led to the development of percutaneous lead extraction techniques as well as the introduction of a subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) and leadless pacing. Technological evolution promises an exciting future in the development of cardiac electrotherapy.In this Special Issue, readers can find out about the clinical and hemodynamic aspects of right ventricular, His bundle, and biventricular pacing; ICD therapy; treatment of complications and technological advances in cardiac electrotherapy.
    Keywords: cardiac resynchronization therapy ; dyssynchrony ; strain pattern ; heart failure ; RSPI ; transesophageal echocardiography ; vegetations ; tricuspid valve dysfunction ; transvenous lead extraction ; long-term survival ; sudden cardiac death ; ventricular arrhythmia ; implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ; subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ; lead extraction-related major complications ; cardiac/vascular wall tear ; worsening tricuspid regurgitation ; ventricular fibrillation ; R on T phenomenon ; catheter ablation ; mapping ; lead-related venous obstruction ; lead extraction complications ; lead extraction complexity ; minor and major complications ; cardiac laceration/vascular tear ; epicardial fluid ; tricuspid valve damage ; cardiac amyloidosis ; electrophysiological study mapping ; His bundle pacing ; ventricular synchrony ; 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography ; global longitudinal strain ; left atrial volume ; cardiac implantable electronic devices ; clinical cases ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJD Cardiovascular medicine
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  • 189
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The previous Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine, ‘Integrating Clinical and Translational Research Networks—Building Team Medicine’, which highlighted our collective experience from the City of Hope and was published in 2020, was a huge success. Buoyed by the enthusiastic response from our peers and colleagues, we have embarked on bringing out Volume 2. The basic theme is the same—namely, integrating academic medical centers with the clinical network in various geographic locations to ensure that all patients, regardless of their physical proximity to major medical institutions, can benefit from recent clinical advances. As in the previous volume on the importance of including basic research scientists, our aim here is to highlight translational research approaches that leverage the combined knowledge, skills, experience, expertise, and vision of clinicians in academic medical centers, their affiliated community centers, and hospitals, together with those of basic research scientists. However, here we also strive to include bioinformaticians and data scientists. We look forward to sharing our team medicine experience with our colleagues around the world and trust that they will find the approach described in the articles included in this Special issue useful for guiding their approaches for treating cancer patients.
    Keywords: drug resistance ; drug tolerance ; eco-evolutionary ; intermittent therapy ; adaptive therapy ; continuous therapy ; Team Medicine ; intrinsically disordered proteins ; complex case discussions ; decision support ; oncology pathways ; personalized medicine ; subspecialty expertise ; colorectal cancer survivor ; emergency utilization ; SARS-CoV-2 ; care satisfaction ; pandemic ; cisplatin ; non-small cell lung cancer ; group behavior ; IDPs ; phenotype switching ; mathematical modeling ; oncolytic virotherapy ; T-VEC ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; immunotherapy ; targeted therapy ; combinational therapy ; melanoma ; cutaneous cancers ; clinical trials ; neuroendocrine tumors ; self-assessment ; NET VITALS ; implementation science ; tobacco control ; smoking cessation ; cancer prevention ; lung cancer screening ; low dose Ct scans ; LDCT ; cancer disparities ; minority health ; pathways to success ; renal cell carcinoma ; gut microbiome ; translational research ; EGFR ; genetic/nongenetic ; epigenetics ; oligometastatic ; prostate cancer ; metastasis-directed therapy ; imaging ; PSMA PET ; advanced soft tissue sarcoma ; sarcoma treatment ; Midwest Sarcoma Trials Partnership ; multidisciplinary tumor board ; collaboration ; endometrial cancer ; PARP inhibition ; pathologic complete response ; Olaparib ; BRIP1 mutation ; ATM mutation ; RAD51C mutation ; POLE mutation ; TMB high ; brain metastases ; delivery of health care ; leptomeningeal metastases ; tumor board ; integrative oncology ; clinical care network ; implementation ; integration ; community clinical network ; phase 1 ; genomic-driven ; team medicine ; precision medicine ; cancer systems biology ; clinical network systems biology ; artificial intelligence ; City of Hope ; oncology ; community practice ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 190
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The objective of this reprint is to present the main evidence-based data on new developments and knowledge in diagnostic and treatment technologies in the orofacial field used in both children and adults. The published content has been met with great success in interdisciplinary fields, stimulating international authors to submit their original articles, reviews, or case reports based on various aspects of orthodontics as well as on the diagnosis and management of temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain. Among the current highly debated topics, this reprint focuses on multiple disciplines as follows: gingival recessions and periodontal status after orthodontic treatment; a rare case of impacted central incisors; predictors of analgesic consumption in orthodontic patients; a systematic review about different dentoskeletal class III treatment approaches; evaluation of upper airway volumes; and cephalometric values in JIA patients.
    Keywords: gingival recessions ; periodontal status ; orthodontic treatment ; retention ; digital casts ; impacted incisors ; supernumeraries ; dental inclusion ; closed-eruption surgical technique ; guided eruption ; surgical exposure ; orthodontic pain ; pain intensity ; analgesics ; VNS scale ; buccal appliances ; fixed orthodontic appliances ; headache ; 3D airway analysis ; 3D airway volumes ; CBCT ; orthodontics ; oral and maxillofacial surgery ; Class III malocclusion ; mixed anchored palatal expander ; skeletal anchorage ; interceptive treatment ; systematic review ; bone anchorage devices ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 191
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Viruses in the Parvoviridae family constitutes a most diverse and intriguing field of research. Parvoviruses have a long evolutionary history and, beneath an apparent simplicity and uniformity, can differ widely in structure, genome organization and expression, virus–cell interaction, and impact on the host. In addition to interest in the study of basic virology, the translational implications of research on parvoviruses are relevant since many viruses are important human and veterinary pathogens, while other viruses can be engineered as tools for oncolytic therapy or as sophisticated gene delivery vectors. Exploring the diversity and the inherent complexity in the biology of these apparently simple viruses is an ongoing commitment for the scientific community to address. This Special Issue entitled ‘Advances in Parvovirus Research 2022’ continued the series dedicated to research on viruses belonging to the Parvoviridae family and collected the latest contributions in the field of parvovirus research.
    Keywords: parvovirus B19 ; synthetic genome ; genetic engineering ; replicon unit ; functional complementation ; B19V ; VP1u ; VP1uR ; receptor ; tropism ; primate erythroparvovirus ; simian erythroparvovirus ; rhesus erythroparvovirus ; pig-tailed erythroparvovirus ; Benzonase® ; acute infection ; persistent infection ; viral DNA load ; oncolytic virus immunotherapy ; protoparvovirus H-1PV ; virus host interactions ; virus cell entry ; galectin-1 ; laminin γ1 ; adeno-associated virus ; AAV ; classification ; genotype ; serotype ; intraspecies ; pairwise genetic distance ; recombination ; porcine parvovirus ; virus-like particles ; diagnostic ; I-ELISA ; parvovirus ; capsid ; AMDV ; PARV4 ; cryo-EM ; Amdoparvovirus ; Tetraparvovirus ; pathogen ; CPV-2 ; FPV ; illegal trade ; companion animals ; wildlife ; spillover ; porcine parvovirus 1 ; Africa ; epidemiology ; phylogeography ; phylogeny ; VP2 ; H1-PV ; infection ; oncolytic virus ; anticancer gene ; cancer gene therapy ; cancer ; Parvovirus B19 ; genetic diversity ; viral quasispecies ; Next Generation Sequencing ; Shannon Entropy ; cluster analysis ; skunk amdoparvovirus ; striped skunk ; next generation sequencing ; virus surveillance ; HIV infection ; hemolysis ; hereditary spherocytosis ; parvoviruses ; DNA damage response ; Minute Virus of Mice ; immunity ; evolution ; paleovirology ; endogenous viral elements ; bocavirus ; CnMV ; PBoV ; RBoV ; canine parvovirus type 2 ; molecular epidemiology ; Protoparvovirus carnivoran1 ; virus evolution ; Parvoviridae ; international workshop ; conference report ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNS Epidemiology & medical statistics
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  • 192
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: This collection of articles aims to promote the spread of a new way of resuscitating newborns in the delivery room: to perform exactly the same neonatal resuscitation procedures in a different landscape, that is, at mother's side with an intact cord.
    Keywords: n/a ; delayed cord clamping ; oxygen exposure ; preterm neonates ; preterm ; resuscitation ; clinical trial ; protocol ; red blood cell transfusion ; preterm cardiovascular transition ; intact cord resuscitation ; umbilico–placental circulation ; delivery room resuscitation ; congenital diaphragmatic hernia ; sustained inflation ; placental transfusion ; pulmonary blood flow ; perinatal asphyxia ; neonatology ; simulation ; intact cord ; placental circulation ; design ; BabySaver ; hypothermia ; umbilical cord ; cord clamping ; perfusion ; vagus nerve ; neonatal ; heart rate ; Doppler ; precordial ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 193
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to paralysis, sensory, and autonomic nervous system dysfunctions. However, the pathophysiology of SCI is complex, and not limited to the nervous system. Indeed, several other organs and tissue are also affected by the injury, directly or not, acutely or chronically, which induces numerous health complications. Although a lot of research has been performed to repair motor and sensory functions, SCI-induced health issues are less studied, although they represent a major concern among patients. There is a gap of knowledge in pre-clinical models studying these SCI-induced health complications that limits translational applications in humans. This reprint describes several aspects of the pathophysiology of spinal cord injuries. This includes, but is not limited to, the impact of SCI on cardiovascular and respiratory functions, bladder and bowel function, autonomic dysreflexia, liver pathology, metabolic syndrome, bones and muscles loss, and cognitive functions.
    Keywords: micturition ; external urethral sphincter ; spinal cord injury ; serotonin ; electromyogram ; fecal microbiota transplant ; inflammation ; anxiety ; rehabilitation ; autonomic dysreflexia ; immune dysfunction ; SCI-IDS ; primary afferents ; nociceptor ; reach-to-grasp ; forelimb function ; upper extremity function ; cardiovascular ; contusion ; neuroplasticity ; osteopenia ; bone loss ; recovery of function ; monoamines ; GABA ; neuromodulation ; pain ; spasticity ; ionic plasticity ; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ; phrenic motor network ; motoneuron excitability ; diaphragm muscle ; spinal cord injury severity ; cardiometabolic disease ; liver and cardiac dysfunctions ; fibrosis ; pathophysiology ; oxidative stress ; contusion model ; respiratory function ; diaphragmatic activity ; phrenic motoneurons ; neuroinflammation ; cytokines ; tumor necrosis factor ; immune cells ; microglia ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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  • 194
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Culinary herbs and spices confer characteristic flavors or coloring to food. In this Special Issue of Foods, we aim to focus on culinary herbs and spices from a health perspective. Substances of plant origin are often regarded as harmless. The intention of this Special Issue is to provide a science-based view of the health impact of naturally occuring ingredients in plants with a particular focus on the health impact of plants used as culinary herbs and spices. In this context, different aspects will be addressed, including toxicological, analytical, and regulatory issues regarding naturally occurring ingredients in culinary herbs and spices as well as in products, such as essential oils and the food supplements based on them. For this purpose, some select examples of these compounds will be utilized to illustrate potential effects on human health, together with knowledge gaps related to hazard and exposure assessment. Moreover, safety issues related to products, such as essential oils or food supplements containing extracts of culinary herbs and spices that have become widely available to consumers through several distribution channels in the EU, will be covered.
    Keywords: pyrrolizidine alkaloids ; hepatotoxicity ; HepaRG ; cholestasis ; bile acid ; turmeric ; essential oil composition ; α-turmerone ; β-turmerone ; ar-turmerone ; polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ; erucic acid ; petroselinic acid ; fat quality indices ; hypocholesterolemic fatty acids ; atherogenic index (AI) ; structure dependency ; bile acids ; biodegradation ; pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) ; contamination ; food chain ; compost ; plant waste ; Lappula squarrosa ; Senecio jacobaea ; HPLC-ESI-MS/MS ; horizontal alkaloid transfer ; asarone isomers ; human study ; metabolites ; asarone glucuronides ; mustard ; Sinapis alba ; Brassica nigra ; Brassica juncea ; glucosinolates ; isothiocyanates ; bisphenol F ; allergy ; toxicology ; piperine ; food safety ; drug interaction ; reproductive toxicity ; bolus administration ; alkenylbenzenes ; food ; consumption ; regulation ; mixtures ; cell cycle ; IPA ; microRNA ; PAK1 ; senecionine ; myristicin ; elemicin ; safrole ; methyleugenol ; flavoring ; black pepper ; cinnamon ; health benefits and risks ; antioxidant properties ; carcinogens ; DNA-reactants ; epigenetic ; risk assessment ; n/a ; polyacetylenes ; phytochemicals ; anti-inflammatory ; anticancer ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
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  • 195
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The Special Issue “Radioactive Pollution and Biological Effects of Radioactivity“of the Journal Life involved the participation of academic scientists, researchers, and scholars from all over the World that contributed with articles, reviews, and case reports, based on high-quality research works.The common topic of the published works concerns the radioactive pollution, which occurs when radioactive elements enter the atmosphere and reach the Earth’s surface, within solids, liquids, or gases, including the human body. This happens after natural and/or man-made activities, such as nuclear tests, industrial waste (e.g., radiodiagnostics), and excesses of naturally occurring radioactive sources. This kind of pollution entails risks of radiological contamination of the environment, with harmful effects on human health caused by the ionizing radiation. This theme has become even more current due to the increasing use of ionizing radiation for domestic, industrial, and medical purposes during the last century. Radiological monitoring is a primary objective of radiation protection in order to estimate and understand the impact of radionuclides on the environment and to assess the health risk for the population.The aim of the Special Issue has been to provide an interdisciplinary platform for researchers to exchange and share their experiences and latest achievements on all aspects of radioactive pollution. Survey data analysis, original and unpublished results of conceptual, constructive, empirical, experimental, and theoretical work were welcome, as well as other concepts related to the radiation field.
    Keywords: radon ; effective dose ; workplaces ; soil ; tea leaves ; HPGe γ-ray spectrometry ; terrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclides ; threshold consumption rate ; committed effective dose ; genomics ; transcriptomics ; proteomics ; lipidomics ; radiation ; cetaceans ; CR-39 detector ; Euratom 59/2013 ; Italian radiation protection legislation ; radon indoor ; radon survey ; radioactivity ; gamma spectrometry ; absorbed dose rates ; radiation risk ; aquatic environment ; non-human biota ; graphene oxide/chitosan sponge ; adsorbent ; adsorption isotherm ; iodine-131 ; radioactive waste management ; metabolome ; GC-MS ; LC-MS ; Fukushima nuclear accident ; low-dose radiation exposure ; plant physiology ; Oxalis corniculata ; radioactive pollution ; field effect ; alfuzosin ; serum biomarker ; lung cancer ; CEA ; Cyfra21-1 ; radiocaesium ; mushrooms ; Chernobyl accident ; LC–MS ; creeping wood sorrel ; endophytic microbe ; stress response ; lauric acid ; ikarugamycin ; plant secondary metabolite ; artificial diet ; Zizeeria maha ; low-dose exposure ; natural environmental radiation ; indoor radon ; external dose ; burning season ; imaging tests ; radiation exposure ; recommendations ; gender ; socioeconomical status ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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  • 196
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Energy systems have played an essential role in the history of human civilization. As our civilization evolves, energy systems are expected to adapt to the environment and desire of people for more sustainable development whilst meeting the ever-increasing energy demand of society. To address global warming and its threats to sustainable development to multiple ends, major economies around the world have announced low-carbon, carbon-neutral, or negative-carbon development targets. To meet these goals, the energy systems as we know them today need to undergo substantial structural changes in terms of the way primary energy is extracted from nature, converted to secondary energy, transmitted from conversion sites to end use, and shifted between time slots to coordinate supply and demand. The share of renewable and fossil energy in the overall energy portfolio could experience unprecedented structural change of a kind not witnessed since industrialization. To cope with this harsh transition, energy systems should be planned, designed, retrofitted, and operated in a revolutionary manner.This reprint aims to present the most recent advances in energy systems analysis towards low/zero/negative carbon emission targets via integration amongst different primary energy supplies, between multiple energy supplies and demands, across geographically separated regions, and over different time scales from seconds to seasons.
    Keywords: distributed energy system ; pipeline network layout ; reliability ; GeoSteiner algorithm ; Kruskal algorithm ; Star tree algorithm ; short-term electric load forecasting ; meteorological factors ; optimized support vector machine ; Elman neural network ; combined model ; cascade cooling system ; waste heat recovery ; LiBr-H2O absorption refrigeration ; heat load distribution ; temperature breakpoints ; electric vehicle ; intelligent control ; integrated energy system ; dual carbon target ; supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle ; Simulink ; disturbance ; control strategy ; supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle ; dynamic model ; simulink ; performance analysis ; thermoeconomics ; exergy cost modeling ; irreversible loss ; transport decarbonisation ; systematic analysis ; modal shift ; infrastructure ; optimisation ; polygeneration ; SOFC ; optimal design ; residential ; electric vehicles ; hydrogen vehicle ; primary and recycled aluminum ; life cycle analysis ; energy consumption ; greenhouse gas emissions ; gas turbine ; conjugate heat transfer ; film cooling ; data-driven ; CFD ; energy conservation ; heat integration ; heat exchanger network synthesis ; retrofit ; mathematical programming ; superstructure ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
    Language: English
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  • 197
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Advanced Blood-Brain Barrier Drug Delivery is a reprint with a summary editorial, followed by 16 chapters that cover five areas of brain drug delivery, including receptor-mediated transport (RMT), carrier-mediated transport (CMT), active efflux transport (AET), Trojan horse lipid nanoparticles (LNP), and in vivo methods for measurement of drug transport across the blood–brain barrier (BBB).
    Keywords: blood–brain barrier (BBB) ; brain drug delivery ; prodrugs ; solute carriers (SLCs) ; lysosomal storage disease ; neuronopathic mucopolysaccharidosis ; blood–brain barrier ; neurodegeneration ; enzyme replacement therapy ; receptor-mediated transcytosis ; transferrin receptor ; insulin receptor ; endothelium ; receptor-mediated transport ; carrier-mediated transport ; genetic engineering ; IgG fusion proteins ; nanoparticles ; liposomes ; TrkB ; agonist antibody ; variable new antigen receptor (VNAR) ; neuroprotection ; transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) ; blood-brain barrier (BBB) ; 6-OHDA ; Parkinson’s disease ; bispecific antibody ; alpha-synuclein (αSYN) ; Parkinson’s disease (PD) ; immunotherapy ; monoclonal antibody ; transferrin receptor (TfR) ; receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT) ; single domains antibody ; IGF1R ; neurotensin ; protein-based therapy ; lysosomal storage disorders ; fusion proteins ; Alzheimer’s disease ; neurotrophic factors ; decoy receptors ; ATP-binding cassette transporters ; drug delivery ; ischemic stroke ; SLC transporters ; lipid nanoparticle ; ssPalm ; mRNA transfection ; hCMEC/D3 cells ; cell toxicity ; SWATH-MS ; translation ; chaperonin-containing TCP-1 ; proton-coupled organic cation antiporter ; photo-affinity labeling ; proteomics ; SWATH-MS (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical-mass spectra) ; pharmacokinetics ; compartmental models ; physiologically based PK models ; blood-brain barrier ; antibody ; cavernous sinus ; BBB–peptide shuttle ; brain delivery ; solute carrier (SLC) transporters ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) ; NSC-34 cell lines ; taurine transporter (Taut) ; large amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) ; monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) ; organic cation transporters (OCTNs) ; choline transporter-like protein-1 (CTL1) ; TNF-α inhibitor ; molecular Trojan horse ; endosomal ; liposome ; nanoparticle ; targeting ; transferrin ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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  • 198
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Crystal engineering is a broad area of research that includes crystal habit modification, polymorphism, solid dispersions, and salt formation. This reprint covers state-of-the-art applications of crystal engineering and includes a combination of research and review articles, with special emphasis on novel drug delivery and targeting applications.
    Keywords: crystal engineering ; polymorphism ; solvates ; solid dispersions ; poorly-soluble drugs ; amorphous ; crystallinity ; polymer-drug mixtures ; solid dosage forms ; dissolution rate ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 199
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Development provides an especially sensitive window whereby environmental contaminants can have significant and lasting effects on the morphology and function of many organs and systems. The importance of understanding developmental effects of environmental contaminants extends not only to developmental stages, but also to encompass the hypotheses of the developmental or fetal origins of adult disease. Such effects of environmental contaminants during development extend to health outcomes that can persist in adulthood, first become apparent in adulthood, or manifest in adulthood but only after a second hit/stressor. The diverse nature of possible environmental contaminants, ranging from persistent organic pollutants to emerging contaminants of concern, along with the diverse range of health implications, including autism, diabetes, cancer, infertility, and lower urinary tract function, make understanding developmental effects of environmental contaminants an ever growing and important field of study.This Special Issue aims to explore a variety of topics in line with the aims and scope of Toxics. Specifically, topics related to the developmental effects of environmental contaminants and/or their metabolites on the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system or organism, including mechanisms of toxicity, metabolism, risk assessment and management, as well as multiple stressor impacts in the context of aging or disease progression following developmental exposures.
    Keywords: arsenic ; synaptic transmission ; long-term potentiation ; hippocampus ; development ; lower urinary tract ; bladder ; inflammation ; POPs ; developmental basis of adult disease ; multigenerational ; toxicants ; bronchopulmonary dysplasia ; therapeutics ; lung development ; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ; perinatal mortality ; neonatal morbidity ; fluoxetine ; sertraline ; endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) ; Aroclor 1221 (A1221) ; PCBs ; vinclozolin ; social behavior ; sex differences ; transgenerational ; epigenetic ; endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) ; polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) ; mating behavior ; paced mating ; ultrasonic vocalization (USV) ; estradiol ; triclosan ; triclocarbon ; detergents ; 4-nonylphenol ; Danio rerio ; zebrafish ; environmental toxicity ; aquatic environment ; ground water chemicals ; lower urinary tract dysfunction ; lower urinary tract symptoms ; BPH ; prostate ; axonal growth ; developmental neurotoxicity ; neuronal morphogenesis ; PBDE ; reactive oxygen species ; thyroid hormone ; pesticides ; prebiotic ; intestinal dysbiosis ; perigestational ; dysmetabolism ; risk factor ; behavior ; chemical screening ; literature comparison ; developmental toxicity ; negative control ; positive control ; rapid testing ; PFAS ; PFAS mixtures ; epigenetics ; microglia ; valproic acid ; primary motor cortex ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
    Language: English
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  • 200
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: In recent years, there has been a growing need for both nutritional and healthy foods with superior functional properties. In this line, bioactive compounds are economically available in different foods systems with limitations in quality and functionality.The present Special Issue is placed in this context, and aimed to provide a collection of modern chemical strategies developed with the intent of extracting, characterizing, tracing, or authenticating food bioactive compounds. Original research articles dealing with innovative techniques for the extraction (e.g., green chemistry) of bioactive compounds were welcomed. In addition, when discussing modern analytical methods, the structural characterization and identification of these active components were required. Attention was also devoted to theoretical aspects of the determination of the bioactivity and mechanisms of action of food bioactive compounds, as well as challenging properties for application as drug agents. Review articles providing an overview of the latest trends in this area of interest were also very welcomed.
    Keywords: Tartary buckwheat powder ; airflow ultrafine-grinding ; grinding pressure ; particle size ; chemical compositions ; morphology ; Parkinson’s disease ; CPO-B ; MPP+ ; Erk1/2 ; neuroprotection ; soluble dietary fiber ; resistant oligosaccharide ; viscous fiber ; gut microbiota ; human health ; effect-directed analysis ; healthy food ; food processing ; adulteration ; authentication ; hairless canary seed groats ; carotenoid identification ; LC-MS/MS ; baked products ; phenolic compounds ; high hydrostatic pressure ; reactive oxygen species ; biosynthesis ; extraction ; stress response ; cell wall modification ; flavonoid extraction ; mung bean ; phenolic extraction ; pressurized liquid extraction ; response surface methodology ; diabetes ; Bauhinia strychnifolia ; α-glucosidase ; dipeptidyl peptidase-IV ; glucose uptake ; flavonoids ; milk phospholipids ; sphingomyelin ; skin hydration ; Nrf2 ; hyaluronic acid ; Cupressus sempervirens essential oil ; antibacterial activity ; membrane permeability ; replication and transcription inhibition ; computational toxicology ; molecular docking ; zebrafish ; byproducts ; enriched pasta ; potato peel ; physical properties ; sensory traits ; spearmint ; commercial materials ; antimicrobial activity ; antioxidant activity ; untargeted metabolomics ; bioprospection ; Cowpea ; Mo soil treatment ; Fe and Zn foliar application ; ODAP ; neurotoxin ; grass pea ; Lathyrus sativus ; growth stage ; neurolathyrism ; non-protein amino acids ; Canarium odontophyllum ; cytotoxicity ; antioxidant ; fatty acid profiles ; geographical location ; acrylamide ; antioxidant capacity ; ascorbic acid ; cell cycle ; ionome ; oxidative stress ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; rosehip ; bioactive compounds ; encapsulation ; specialized pro-resolving mediators ; resolvins ; maresins ; annexins ; lipoxins ; protectins ; glial cells ; neuroinflammation ; neurodegeneration ; cerebrovascular disorders ; multiple sclerosis ; dementia ; bromelain ; expression ; purification ; catalytic activity ; metal ion ; traditional medicine ; Bergenia ligulata ; anti-urolithiatic ; anti-pyretic ; anti-diabetic ; anti-inflammatory ; cardiovascular diseases ; olive oil ; fluorescence spectroscopy ; olive oil conservation ; packaging ; quality parameters ; olive mill wastewater ; microfiltration ; fermentation ; microbial pool ; hydroxytyrosol ; functional beverage ; antidiabetic potential ; constant electric field ; drying ; magnetic field ; pretreatment ; pulsed electric field ; total phenolic content ; antimicrobial agents ; Staphylococcus aureus ; hemolysis ; membranes ; fluidity ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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