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  • bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine  (1,154)
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  • bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues  (828)
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: In this Special Issue, recent advancements in the field of pediatric tumors are discussed, and novel prognostic markers are critically appraised. Greater understanding of the heterogeneity of pediatric cancers will ultimately lead to new therapeutic strategies with the potential to provide new prospects for precision medicine in pediatric oncology.
    Keywords: undernutrition ; obesity ; nutritional status ; childhood cancer ; overall survival ; event-free survival ; relapse ; treatment-related toxicity ; review ; sarcoma botryoides ; fertility-sparing surgery ; embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ; genital tract ; prognosis ; treatment ; local debulking ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; radiation ; ovarian cancer ; adolescents ; diagnosis ; therapy ; guidelines ; children ; papillary thyroid cancer ; proto-oncogene B-raf gene (BRAF) ; craniopharyngioma ; recurrence ; risk factors ; youth ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) ; child ; genetics ; CDKN2A/2B deletions ; fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) ; multiple-ligation probe amplification (MLPA) ; copy-number alterations (CNAs) ; risk stratification ; minimal residual disease (MRD) ; cardiotoxicity ; chemotherapeutics agents ; biomarkers ; omics technology ; medulloblastoma ; tumor ; histologic ; pediatrics ; micro-RNAs ; non-coding RNAs ; molecular subgroup ; stratification ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; proteomics ; oncology ; chemotherapy ; cardiac function tests ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Agricultural production management is facing a new era of intelligence and automation. With developments in sensor technologies, the temporal, spectral, and spatial resolution from ground/air/space platforms have been notably improved. Optical sensors play an essential role in agriculture production management. Specifically, monitoring plant health, growth conditions, and insect infestation has traditionally involved extensive fieldwork. We believe that sensors, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are not simply scientific experiments but opportunities to make our agricultural production management more efficient and cost-effective, further contributing to the healthy development of natural–human systems. This reprint compiles the latest research on optical sensors and machine learning in agricultural monitoring, including related topics: Machine learning approaches for crop health, growth, and yield monitoring; Combined multisource/multi-sensor data to improve the crop parameters mapping; Crop-related growth models, artificial intelligence models, algorithms, and precision management; Farmland environmental monitoring and management; Ground, air, and space platforms application in precision agriculture; Development and application of field robotics; High-throughput field information survey; Phenological monitoring.
    Keywords: soil moisture content ; spectral processing technology ; hyperspectral ; principal component analysis ; feature parameters extraction ; yield estimation ; rice ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; tasseled cap transformation ; precision agriculture ; weed identification ; YOLOv4-Tiny ; attention mechanism ; multiscale detection ; angle normalization ; vegetation canopy reflectance ; geostationary satellite ; path length correction ; Minnaert model ; GOCI ; winter wheat ; LSTM ; LAI ; deep learning ; land use ; land cover ; classification ; random forest ; Sentinel data ; SRTM ; feature selection ; accuracy ; validation ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; soybean ; convolutional neural network ; multispectral imagery ; fusarium head blight ; texture indices ; machine learning ; cropland ; multi-seasonal ; fractal feature ; feature extraction ; accuracy evaluation ; black soil ; UAV ; chlorophyll ; fractional vegetation cover ; maturity monitoring ; anomaly detection ; smart agriculture ; detection of apple leaf diseases ; YOLOv5 ; transformer ; CBAM ; crop type classification ; multi-temporal ; remote sensing ; dairy cows ; body condition score ; 3D TOF sensor ; non-contact evaluation ; recognize area of interest ; sugarcane clones ; canopy cover ; light interception ; biomass ; cane yield ; peanut southern blight ; reflection spectrum ; spectral index ; continuous wavelet transform ; VGNet ; corn diseases ; leaf detection ; lightweight ; transfer learning ; agriculture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Recently, the trends of a circular economy and sustainability have driven nanotechnology towards the development of novel and innovative applications in the food packaging sector, which is rather recent compared with their use in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Bioactive films and coatings based on natural biopolymers such as chitosan, sodium alginate and gelatin and containing antioxidant and antimicrobial agents such as micro- and nanoemulsions of phytochemicals and nanostructured materials such as quantum dots, ZnO nanoparticles, nanoclays, silicas, zeolites and activated carbons, are finding application in various sectors of the food industry, especially in the development of novel edible, active packaging films and coatings. These bioactive films and coating materials enhance solubility, improve bioavailability, facilitate controlled release, and protect bioactive components during manufacture and storage. This Issue intends to provide an overview of bioactive gel films and coatings applied in active food packaging.
    Keywords: bioactive packaging ; xanthan ; propolis ; physicochemical properties ; microbiological analyses ; sensory evaluation ; biopolymers ; antimicrobial ; environment ; film ; coating ; active packaging ; soft cheese preservation ; sodium alginate ; thyme oil ; natural zeolite ; shelf-life extension ; anthocyanin ; fruit decay ; postharvest shelf life ; Aloe vera ; antioxidant ; fig ; purple-flesh sweet-potato ; chitosan ; gel coating ; preservation ; citrus ; cinnamon ; clove ; eucalyptus ; mint ; ginger ; chamomile ; halloysite ; polyvinyl alcohol ; gel ; active coatings ; nanostructures ; kiwi fruits ; green pea pods ; corn oil ; films ; hydrogel polymer ; acacia gum ; cinnamon essential oil ; edible hydrogel-based films ; food packaging ; edible films ; composite material ; essential oil ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Metronomic chemotherapy is now, finally, in clinical use. After 20 years of preclinical development and clinical trials, the emerging data will be of paramount importance in allowing us to assess the impact of metronomic chemotherapy on different tumor types. Indeed, it is likely that the next decade will see a major reassessment of the possible applications of metronomic chemotherapy, both alone and in combination with new therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapies, for the management of cancer. Moreover, the results of clinical trials will likely profoundly affect the direction of the laboratory efforts that are going on in parallel and aiming to improve the personalization of this therapeutic strategy. This Special Issue is our attempt to cover the past and present clinical results that have brought us to this pivotal moment and will form the basis of future clinical developments. Scientists and clinicians caring for cancer patients are well aware of the challenges in dealing with this particular therapeutic approach; one such challenge is obtaining improvements in patient survival without significant toxicity. This edition includes clinical research on chemotherapy and ongoing controversies related to metronomic chemotherapy.
    Keywords: metronomic ; oral cancer ; oral squamous cell carcinoma ; metronomic chemotherapy ; metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer ; cyclophosphamide ; side effects ; pediatric tumors ; etoposide ; valproic acid ; prostate cancer ; CRPC ; castration ; capecitabine ; paclitaxel ; immunomodulation ; angiogenesis ; microbiome ; breast cancer ; safety ; preclinical studies ; clinical studies ; pharmacokinetic studies ; biomarkers ; chemo-free ; DLBCL ; diffuse-large-b-cell-lymphoma ; elderly ; frail ; comprehensive geriatric assessment ; chemo-endocrine therapy ; FulVEC ; pediatric oncology ; brain tumors ; pharmacology ; medulloblastoma ; ATRT ; immunotherapy ; lymphoma ; vinorelbine ; checkpoint inhibitors ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The states of bridge structures decline over time due to various degradation processes, such as creep, corrosion, and cyclic loading. During its life cycle, a bridge also faces the great threat of multiple hazards, such as winds, earthquakes, collisions, waves, landslides, and so on. Structural damages in an existing bridge affect operational and structural safety and weaken the sustainability of bridges. Therefore, advanced damage diagnosis techniques and safety assessment methods are strongly required to ensure structural safety and achieve infrastructure sustainability. This Special Issue aims to bring together recent scientific developments in probabilistic hazard analysis, structural exposure models, damage diagnosis methods, testing and measurement techniques, dynamic behavior and protection technology, damage mechanisms, risk assessment framework, and resilience-based approaches. Since we have past one year since this Special Issue opened, thirteen papers have been published, the majority of which focus on the structural safety assessment of bridges under wind, earthquake, collision, wave, etc. The Guest Editors believe that this reprint will provide important theoretical and technical support for bridge damage diagnosis and safety assessment and promote communication and cooperation between design, construction, research, teaching, and production.
    Keywords: self-consolidating concrete ; micro-steel fiber ; high admixture ; mechanical performance ; grid pile foundation ; ABAQUS ; load-bearing performance ; Monte Carlo method ; safety assessment ; sea-crossing bridges ; triangle elevation ; leveling method ; dynamic compensation ; total station ; harsh environment ; long distance ; sea-crossing elevation ; combined survey platform ; numerical simulation ; strong wave and deep-water conditions ; wave-current load ; working performance ; arch bridge ; ultimate span length ; theoretical analysis ; high-performance material ; strength ; stability ; bridge ; near-fault earthquake ; vertical separation ; eccentric impact ; failure mode ; pounding ; prefabricated frame bridge ; seismic behaviors ; small and medium bridge ; seismic responses ; stopper damage ; numerical method ; conformal mapping ; closed box girder ; sliding searching method ; flutter performance ; aerodynamic forces ; streamlined box girder ; coupled vibration ; potential flow ; second-order component ; bridge engineering ; temperature gradient ; parameter sensitivity ; steel slag ; concrete-filled double-skin steel tube (CFDST) ; T-joint ; seismic performance ; concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) ; laced piers ; modeling method ; design optimization ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: With the continuous improvement of artificial intelligence and sensing technologies, the marine field is ushering in unprecedented change. In this wave of change, the design and application of marine transportation have become significant tools for promoting the marine economy and environmental protection. Motion control and path planning have become key technologies to ensure that marine transportation vehicles operate efficiently and intelligently in complex marine environments. Therefore, this Special Issue focuses on motion control and path planning for marine vehicles and explores how autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), surface unmanned vehicles (USVs), and deep-sea landers (DSLVs) can play a key role in the oceans through optimization strategies and new approaches. We will delve into the application of intelligent and autonomous motion control systems on marine vehicles, and the innovation and optimization of path-planning techniques. In this Special Issue, we brought together the latest results from experts and researchers, aiming to share their cutting-edge research in motion control and path planning for marine vehicles. We expect that the presentation of these papers will provide new ideas and solutions to promote marine science and technology development and application. Finally, we would like to convey our most profound gratitude to the staff of MDPI Books and the editorial team of Marine Science and Engineering, in particular the assistant editors, talented authors, and diligent reviewers.
    Keywords: motion control ; path planning ; ship motion ; marine vehicle ; unmanned ocean vehicles ; autonomouslearning and AI ; cooperation and coordination ; unmanned marine vehicle swarm ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: In human social development, the consumption of fossil energy, especially coal, has promoted economic prosperity, cultural exchanges, and social progress. With shallow coal resources exhausted, coal mining engineering has entered deep areas. The coal geology environment of the deep area differs from that of the shallow. With mining depth increasing, all the stress of buried rock stratum and surrounding rock and gas pressure of coal seam increase gradually. In addition, geological structures, such as complex faults, big folds, and thick-hard roofs, will increase the risk of coal mining. Once the dynamic disaster occurs, it will induce miner casualties and property losses. So, it is urgent to identify mine hazards, such as coal and gas outbursts, rock bursts, gas explosions, and coal fires, and research their formation mechanism, occurrence, and development process. Furthermore, prevention and control methods should be proposed to reduce mine disasters. Only in this way can we promote the safe, green, and efficient development of coal mining. This Topical Collection, titled “Mine Hazards Identification, Prevention, and Control,” aims to allow global researchers to conduct a broader scientific and technological discussion on such advances to improve the prevention and control level of disasters encountered during underground coal mining. The discussion topics include, but are not limited to, the basic experiments, modeling, numerical simulation, and field tests of aforementioned disasters.
    Keywords: mine hazards ; coal/rock disasters ; coal and gas outburst ; monitoring and early warning ; prevention and control ; identification method ; gas explosions ; coal fires ; composite dynamic disasters ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This topic reprint "Application of Innovative Power Electronic Technologies" encompasses a diverse range of topics and discoveries that addresses the increasing global demand for energy conversion in the context of sustainable energy, electric vehicles, industrial automation, and smart grids. This reprint brought together a selection of papers that delve into new technologies and practical applications of power electronics, offering insights into the challenges and solutions faced in the design and implementation of advanced energy conversion techniques.
    Keywords: power electronics ; energy conversion ; innovative technologies ; smart grid applications ; electric vehicle integration ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This collection of articles provides insight into the mental health and nursing care of individuals who are confronting a life-threatening illness. As individuals face a cancer diagnosis, there will be many challenges and changes in their lives. Emotional distress can emerge to greater and lesser degrees. Frequently, these individuals will require additional assistance to cope with the emotional distress they experience. Nurses have an important role in assessing this emotional distress and providing relevant interventions.
    Keywords: Latinx ; family ; meaning ; communication ; coping with advanced cancer ; delirium ; liaison nurse ; misrecognition of delirium ; coordination ; breast cancer ; psychological distress ; quality of life ; women’s health ; qualitative study ; cancer care ; older adults ; mental health ; feeling safe ; home-dwelling ; patients with terminal cancer ; caregivers ; competency in anticipatory grief counseling ; emotional care ; person-centered care ; qualitative research ; anxiety ; depression ; family involvement ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; palliative care ; cancer ; decision-making ; nurse ; caregiving self-efficacy ; family caregiver ; oral cancer ; oncology ; nursing ; clinical nurse specialists ; cancer patients ; expanding nurses’ authority ; professionalization ; policy ; education ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Obstructive sleep apnea is a highly prevalent disorder with strong associations with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, metabolic, and cognitive consequences, including drowsy driving. Positive Airway Pressure treatment is the first-line therapy for adults with obstructive sleep apnea who are symptomatic. However, many individuals with comorbidities do not report symptoms that are associated with the disorder, and adherence to treatment is poor, especially in individuals with cardiovascular diseases. This reprint contains reviews and original articles that aim to update the current perspectives on the treatment modalities of obstructive sleep apnea to highlight multidisciplinary approaches, personalized treatment strategies, and the identification of the predictors of a patient’s response to treatment, both in the general population and in clinical cohorts.
    Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) ; continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ; mandibular advancement devices ; upper airway surgery ; drowsy driving ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has emerged as a useful tool for optimizing biological treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID). Reactive TDM has rationalized the management of primary non-response and secondary loss of response to biologics, while cumulative evidence suggests that proactive TDM is efficacious for optimizing anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy in patients with IBD. Proactive TDM can be very useful for optimizing biological therapy in specific IBD populations, such as pregnant women as well as patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease and acute severe ulcerative colitis who are characterized by high drug clearance. Preliminary data suggest that proactive TDM may also have a role in de-escalating anti-TNF therapy in patients in clinical remission including stopping the immunomodulator when combined with anti-TNF therapy. However, several knowledge gaps and limitations hinder the wide implementation of TDM in clinical practice, including the optimal drug concentration to target the lag time between sampling and results and the lack of harmonization of TDM assays. Recent advances regarding the role of TDM include the use of rapid point-of-care assays and the incorporation of model-informed precision dosing. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the clinical utility of TDM and discuss the barriers and recent advances of TDM of biologics in IBD and other IMID.
    Keywords: ulcerative colitis ; Crohn&rsquo ; s disease ; inflammatory bowel disease ; infliximab ; adalimumab ; certolizumab pegol ; golimumab ; vedolizumab ; ustekinumab ; therapeutic drug monitoring ; immunogenicity ; rheumatoid arthritis ; ankylosing spondylitis ; psoriasis ; clearance ; model informed precision dosing ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Acoustic sensors have been utilized commercially for more than 60 years. Acoustic sensing technologies have been studied extensively and the information, transmission, reception, transformation, processing, and application of acoustic signals have been developed, with acoustic sensors as the central focus. An acoustic sensor is a device that converts a sound wave signal into an electrical signal. This Special Issue on Acoustic Sensors and Their Applications presents original research covering recent advances in all aspects of the design, development, testing, and application of acoustic sensors.
    Keywords: Acoustic&nbsp ; emission ; piezoelectric&nbsp ; transducer ; hybrid acoustic model ; &nbsp ; structural health monitoring ; non-destructive testing ; computational paralinguistics ; pencil lead break test ; leak detection ; optical microphone ; speaker recognition ; thickness measurement ; sound navigation and ranging ; noise control ; infinity tube ; ultrasonic measurement ; air-coupled ultrasound ; ATP system in air ; optical ultrasound detection. ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses chronic idiopathic relapsing and remitting gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases characterized by chronic inflammatory disorders of complex etiology, posing clinical challenges due to their often therapy-refractory nature. The primary disorders within the IBD classification are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), sharing similarities but exhibiting distinct differences, sometimes making their discrimination challenging.A prominent feature of IBD is the inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, characterized by the robust and persistent infiltration of immune cells and compromised intestinal barrier integrity, leading to a phenomenon known as “leaky gut.” Inflammation can manifest acutely or chronically, known as relapsing, and can increase in severity over time, thereby causing life-long morbidities and reduced quality of life for affected individuals, underscoring the need for a deeper comprehension of the molecular contributors to disease pathogenesis and progression.
    Keywords: inflammatory bowel diseases ; cell autofluorescence ; immune cells ; NADH ; FAD ; flow cytometry ; multiphoton microscopy ; colitis ; colitis-associated cancer ; inflammatory bowel disease ; colorectal cancer ; colon adenocarcinoma ; ulcerative colitis ; Crohn’s disease ; cDNA microarray ; transciptomics analysis ; microarray ; inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) ; vasculature ; angiogenesis ; gut vascular barrier ; vessel permeability ; epithelial barrier ; homeostasis ; acetylcholine ; muscarinic receptor ; non-neuronal acetylcholine ; mucosal wound healing ; ferroptosis ; leaky gut ; inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ; triple-culture ; Caco-2 ; HT29-MTX-E12 ; THP-1 ; monocyte-derived macrophage ; inflammation ; TEER ; FITC-dextran 4 kDa (FD4) ; pro-inflammatory cytokines ; HIF-1α ; PHD2 ; AKT ; intestinal epithelial cells ; probiotics ; LPS ; antigen-specific T-cells ; celiac disease ; gliadin ; IBD ; food antigens ; intestinal Behcet’s disease ; immune mechanism ; biological agents ; claudin ; tight junctions ; barrier function ; gut ; ZO-1 ; actin ; cell migration ; cell division ; colon cancer ; PMNs ; LDs ; FOXO3 ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Biomedical sensors stand at the forefront of modern medical technologies, serving as indispensable components in diverse instruments and equipment. These sensors unravel the intricacies of biological processes and medical interventions. The recent surge in high-density sensor systems, characterized by arrangements in matrix arrays and other configurations, has ushered in a new era of functional evaluation. This spans electrophysiological activity, the metabolic responses of organs and tissues, and motor control analysis, all enriched with crucial spatial information. Functional mapping, a burgeoning approach in various biomedical techniques such as EEG, EMG, ECG, NIRS, and MEG, is proving to be transformative. Its integration enhances our comprehension of complex biological behaviors, where the precise spatial localization of sensing methodologies becomes paramount. The applications of functional mapping using biomedical sensors extend across multiple fields, including neuroscience, neuromuscular physiology, rehabilitation, and cardiology. Its utility ranges from diagnostic purposes to assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. The primary objective of this reprint was to collect papers that delineate the forefront of techniques, methods, and applications in the realm of biomedical sensors. Additionally, the focus extends to specific algorithms for data processing, ensuring a robust understanding of functional information intricately associated with spatial localization.
    Keywords: EMG ; EEG ; rehabilitation ; neuromotor ; evaluation ; assessment ; review ; machine learning ; biofeedback ; transfer learning ; random forest classifier ; COVID-19 ; intubation ; tracheoesophageal fistula ; tracheal lesions ; acute respiratory distress syndrome ; modeling ; intensive care unit ; muscle synergies ; whole body FES ; neurological patients ; photodynamic therapy ; fluorescence ; laser ; fluorophores ; enamel ; effective connectivity ; kurtosis ; resting-state connectivity ; stationarity ; sleep monitoring ; pressure bed sensor (PBS) ; unobtrusive measure ; multi-scale analysis ; sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) ; shift-working ; optically detected magnetic resonance ; quantum magnetometer ; magnetoencephalography ; time domain ; functional near infrared spectroscopy ; diffuse optics ; brain ; hemodynamics ; resting-state brain oscillation ; mental workload ; signal processing ; reliability ; cognitive performance ; Simon task ; emotion detection ; valence ; arousal ; wearable sensors ; regression ; classification ; technology acceptance model ; rehabilitation exoskeletons ; therapists ; neuro-rehabilitation ; multiple linear regression ; Pearson’s correlation ; integrated sensor systems ; hand function ; hand osteoarthritis ; electromyography ; diagnosis ; discriminant analysis ; photoplethysmogram ; microcirculation ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; modelling ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The Special Issue entitled “Advances in Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering” is devoted to the publication of the latest research, field works, and laboratory investigations in the area of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. This Special Issue has published novel contributions in different areas of geotechnical and geomechanical engineering such as slope and embankment, tunneling and underground space technologies, pile and foundation, rock mechanics and rock blasting, excavation and leveling projects, ground improvement techniques, unsaturated soil, practical issues in soft soil, mining technology, geo-environmental engineering, new laboratory testing, applied geology for construction, and novel geotechnical construction methods. The focus of this reprint is on the development of computational methods for solving problems in the fields of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering.
    Keywords: strength prediction ; brittle rock ; grain-structure representation ; micro-properties ; bonded block models ; Voronoi tessellation ; structure-type rockburst ; evolution mechanism ; particle flow code ; flat-joint model ; pre-grouting ; soft coal mass ; coal-grout structure ; shear behavior ; quality improvement ; rock strength ; tensile behaviour ; neuro-fuzzy ; regression ; non-destructive tests ; paste filling ; slicing mining ; false roof stability ; optimal false roof thickness ; tree-based techniques ; feature selection ; pile bearing capacity ; gradient boosted tree ; random forest ; in situ stress ; rock blasting ; crack propagation ; model test ; rheological deformation ; key stratum ; roadway groups ; roadway deformation ; surrounding rock control ; triaxial creep experiment ; cyclic loading and unloading ; elasto-visco-plastic strain ; irrecoverable strain ; tertiary creep stage ; nonlinear creep damage model ; high-altitude slope ; BP neural network ; freeze-thaw cycle ; geological conditions ; mining method ; soft broken complex ore body ; improved AHP ; comprehensive evaluation index ; blasting ; back-break ; SVM ; metaheuristic algorithms ; moth–flame optimization ; whale optimization algorithm ; tilted strata ; roadway ; nonuniform deformation ; physical simulation ; HFDEM ; numerical method ; rock fracture ; strain rate ; mining engineering ; backfill mining ; high-concentration backfill ; elastic modulus ; K-fold cross-validation ; mining ; rock engineering ; sensitivity analysis ; XGBoost ; limit equilibrium method (LEM) ; limit analysis ; accuracy ; slope stability ; homogenous slopes ; error accuracy classification chart ; physical and mechanical responses ; Egyptian granodiorite ; thermal damage threshold ; microstructure ; thermal constructions ; rock slope analysis ; limited analysis method ; numerical methods ; combined/hybrid finite–discrete element method ; FDEM ; non-renewable ; clean coal technology ; waste of resources ; “110 construction method” ; collapse settlement control ; moisture content ; dry–wet cycles ; cyclic loading ; injury mechanism ; acoustic emission RA-AF ; thermal effect prediction model ; uniaxial compressive strength ; static Young’s modulus ; artificial neural network ; multilinear regression ; rock mass ; hydraulic conductivity ; sustainability ; rock mechanics ; geotechnical engineering ; geomechanical engineering ; mining technology ; natural stones ; temperature ; fire ; thermal effect ; point load strength ; porosity ; color ; gloss ; automated mineral identification ; LBP ; classification ; texture feature ; liquefaction potential ; prediction ; Bayesian optimization ; support vector machines ; optimization ; Hoek–Brown criterion ; Mohr failure envelope ; Balmer’s equation ; limit equilibrium analysis ; modified Bishop approach ; active earth pressure ; unsaturated narrow backfill ; interlayer shear stress ; arching effect ; thin-layer element method ; tunnel excavation ; cut blasting method ; LLB method ; uncharged hole ; numerical simulation ; spectrum index ; water content ; hyperspectral information ; V-type firing pattern ; collision fragmentation ; RSA ; ANN ; coupled stress-hydro effect ; uniaxial loading ; infrared radiation ; warning threshold ; non-destructive monitoring ; alteration ; tunnel ; stress field ; deformation field ; plastic zone ; flyrock ; weathering index (WI) ; equilibrium optimizer (EO) ; particle swarm optimization (PSO) ; extreme learning machine (ELM) ; artificial neural network (ANN) ; high-water material ; seawater ; water-cement ratio ; strength ; mining method optimization ; difficult-to-mine complicated orebody ; multiple attribute decision making ; Pythagorean fuzzy sets and TOPSIS method ; mechanized upward horizontal layering method ; plateau alluvial-lacustrine deposits ; round gravelly soil ; large scale direct shear test ; shear strength parameters ; Erbil ; geotechnical characterization ; GIS ; ANFIS ; differential evolution ; firefly algorithm ; frozen rock mass blasting ; ice-filled crack ; explosion stress wave propagation ; attenuation factor ; UCS ; intelligent and statistical methods ; sedimentary rocks ; modulus of deformation ; RMR ; in situ testing ; modelling ; instrumentation ; failure risk ; element failure probability ; spatial variability ; stochastic groundwater level ; upper bound method ; rock joints ; shear strength ; scale effects ; normal stress ; JRC ; PFC simulation ; water inrush ; precursor ; strain energy ; normalized ; sustainable mine ; blast-induced flyrock ; LSSVM ; prediction models ; salt cavern ; underground gas storage ; continuum-discrete coupled method ; thermal-mechanical coupling ; thermal damage ; marble strength ; direct and indirect methods ; correlations analysis ; artificial intelligence techniques ; performance indicators ; resonant column test ; torsional simple shear test ; damping ratio ; steady-state vibration ; free vibration decay ; bibliometric analysis ; pile foundation ; sustainable structure ; VOS viewer ; Web of Science ; red clay ; desiccation cracking mechanism ; digital image correlation technology ; strain ; displacement ; mineral carbonation ; comminution energy ; stress–strain relationship ; elastic properties ; radial distribution function ; crown deformation ; underground caverns ; parametric study ; multiple linear regression ; twin tunnels ; 3D numerical analysis ; surface settlement ; field measurement ; geotechnical and geological conditions ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Recent years have seen growing interest in equine lung and heart health, and advances in technology and a focus on equine welfare have driven this research. This Special Issue explores novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, including imaging techniques and lung function testing, immunological features, and immunomodulatory treatments for equine asthma and common racehorse respiratory issues. Moreover, it reports on novel echocardiography data of donkeys. This collection offers valuable insights into equine cardio-respiratory medicine.
    Keywords: equine asthma ; exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage ; racehorse respiratory medicine ; donkey cardiology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on treating the associated comorbidities and complications of cerebral palsy. Increased prescription of technology means that we are treating some comorbidities of cerebral palsy earlier or even pre-emptively. Increased life expectancy, compared with 20 years ago, means that we are also seeing even later complications of cerebral palsy. However, increased access to intensive medical care at home, non-invasive ventilation, and total parenteral nutrition now exist. There is also greater engagement with the perspectives and expectations of parents/carers and children. As society begins to discuss mental health more openly, we are also starting to recognise the significant two-way associations between disability and mental health. Ethical consultation may be warranted when harm with treatment exceeds the benefit. As we prepare children with cerebral palsy for adulthood, there is more thought and discussion around issues such as pain, mental health, quality of life, independence, and participation. Researchers in the field of cerebral palsy have contributed original articles and reviews which help build our evidence base to guide shared decision making.
    Keywords: mental health ; anxiety ; depression ; cerebral palsy ; adolescence ; young adults ; young people ; adolescents ; unmet need ; health services ; physical therapy ; occupational therapy ; fracture ; bone fragility ; mortality ; epidemiology ; age-adjusted mortality rates ; death certificate ; medical education ; severe neurological impairment ; scoliosis ; shared decision-making ; respiratory ; hospitalisations ; antibiotics ; Indigenous ; inequities ; cell therapies ; stem cells ; comorbidities ; outcome measures ; clinical studies ; inflammation ; biomarker ; comorbidity ; scoping review ; co-design ; intervention ; participation ; involvement matrix ; public and patient involvement ; early intervention ; infant vocalisations ; infants ; single-subject research design ; CP ; infant ; stress ; parents ; fathers ; parent–infant interaction ; representations ; epilepsy ; children ; neuroimaging ; seizure outcome ; Sialorrhea ; submandibular duct relocation ; postoperative management ; ultrasound ; piecewise model ; muscle volume ; cross-sectional area ; GMFCS ; upper limb ; sensory function ; bimanual intensive functional therapy ; hand function ; associated impairment ; register ; low- and middle-income country ; hip displacement ; hip surveillance ; adductor-psoas release ; hip reconstruction ; guided growth ; salvage surgery ; disability ; emotion regulation ; atropine ; sialorrhea ; pediatric ; drooling ; sublingual ; developmental disorders ; neurodevelopmental disorders ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Energy crises and environmental pollution are two serious problems facing the development of human society. Photocatalysis is a promising environmentally friendly technology to address the above issues due to its low energy input and carbon footprint. In particular, graphitic carbon nitride, a typical organic–nonmetallic semiconductor photocatalyst, has become a research hotspot due to its unique properties; g-C3N4 is innoxious, inexpensive, easy to synthesize, has an appropriate energy band gap (2.7 eV), and demonstrates outstanding thermal stability and chemical stability. Nevertheless, some inherent scientific factors, such as its small surface area, low utilization of visible light, and fast recombination of electrons and holes, limit its applications in the field of photocatalysis. Among key modification methods, the construction of a heterojunction/homojunction between graphitic carbon nitride and other semiconductor photocatalysts with interleaved energy band positions is an effective approach to improve photocatalytic activity, attributed to the accelerated photon-generated carrier transfer rate. In particular, such S-scheme structures can simultaneously accelerate photon-generated carrier transfer rates and yield higher redox potentials. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a neoteric g-C3N4-based photocatalytic system that can further promote the development of photocatalysis.
    Keywords: amine-based pharmaceutical ; graphene ; g-C3N4 ; nizatidine ; photocatalysts ; solar irradiation ; donor-acceptor ; graphitic carbon nitride ; PTCDA ; photocatalysis ; CO2 reduction ; g-C3N4@Cu0.5In0.5S ; S-scheme heterojunction ; hollow nanostructure ; photothermal effect ; FeTCPP@CNNS ; g-C3N4 nanosheets ; photocatalytic ; visible light ; SrTiO3 ; GO ; Rh active sites modification ; photocatalytic overall water splitting ; energy conversion ; pharmaceutical compounds ; catalyst ; wastewater ; treatment ; photothermal-assisted ; black g-C3N4 ; degradation ; cyano group defects ; semiconductors ; hydrogen peroxide ; photocatalyst ; Sb2S3 ; PANI ; ZnO ; reaction parameters ; structure design ; exfoliation ; quantum dots ; nanocomposite ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This Special Issue compiles11 research papers published in the field of forestry and wood processing technology. In particular, this Special Issue highlights the research on timber saw, biomass and waste from resinous branches, forest by-products, log exploitation, the primary processing of round wood in timber with a band saw, the quality of exploited wood, and the role of the forest and forest ecosystem on the environment. Regarding wood science processes, this Special Issue presents works on cutting round wood in timber and veneers, technology 4.0, the manufacture of furniture and musical instruments, acoustical properties, wood biomass, including briquettes and pellets, thermochemical treatments of wood and pellets, finishing processes, and the restoration of cultural heritage objects using classical technologies and chemical materials. A lot of material waste was used to obtain better composites or chemical substances to obtain wood-based composites with better properties and low-level formaldehyde emission.
    Keywords: Wooden heritage object ; Forest biomass ; Wood products ; Forest environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 20
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This reprint entails descriptions of novel issues and challenges for primary mental healthcare regarding both general and vulnerable populations on a global scale. It is intended for health professionals and all who are interested in mental health care at the primary level.
    Keywords: depression ; sense of coherence ; burnout ; COVID-19 ; nurses ; medication adherence ; mental health nurses ; tacit knowledge ; schizophrenia ; sensory processing sensitivity ; environmental sensitivity ; university students ; nursing ; scale ; somatization ; number of diseases ; coping strategies ; sex ; aggression ; alexithymia ; comprehensibility ; quality of life ; family caregivers ; students ; medical ; psychological problem ; undergraduate ; Saudi Arabia ; n/a ; prospect theory ; applied psychology ; health ; decision making ; behavior ; prevention ; multiple sclerosis ; Beck depression inventory ; anxiety ; fatigue ; mediation ; lawyers ; suicidal ideation ; occupational stress ; loneliness ; perceived stress ; mental health ; work overcommitment ; mental health care ; adolescence ; internalizing/externalizing problems ; social skills ; neurodevelopmental disorders ; filmmaking intervention ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBP Health systems & services::MBPK Mental health services
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  • 21
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This reprint includes studies on diagnosing, evaluating and managing the pathologies diagnosed during pregnancy. The information provided in these pages is helpful for specialists in obstetrics and gynaecology but also for other medical specialities involved in treating pregnant women with associated pathologies. Studying the articles in the reprint could contribute to improving case management.
    Keywords: pregnancy ; fetus prenatal care ; high-risk ; pathology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2024-02-29
    Description: The monograph is devoted to the system analysis of approaches to the building of models of chemical-technological systems, on the basis of which a systematic concept of building of models and the issues of solving decision-making problems for managing the operating modes of technological objects is proposed. The problems of the development of mathematical models and the optimization of complex chemical-technological systems are investigated, using the example of technological objects of oil refining, in conditions of uncertainty caused by the lack of reliable quantitative information and the fuzziness of available information. The structure of the monograph consists of an introduction, the main part of four sections, a conclusion and a list of sources of information. In the main part of the work, the current state of the problems of mathematical modelling of technological objects of oil refining production is analyzed. Methods of mathematical modelling and decision-making in the management of technological objects according to environmental and economic criteria are chosen as the direction of research. Methods of building mathematical models of chemical-technological systems of oil refining in a fuzzy environment have been investigated and proposed, and models of the technological complex of the catalytic reforming unit have been developed. An approach to the creation of a package of models for system modelling of the technological complex of the catalytic reforming unit is described. An algorithm for the synthesis of models of a technological complex of oil refining based on fuzzy information is proposed. Expert assessments have been carried out to develop a mathematical description of the technological complex of the reforming unit, a method has been developed for carrying out expert procedures in a fuzzy environment. The formulations of decision-making problems for the control of the technological complex of the reforming unit are formulated and, based on the modification of various optimality principles, heuristic algorithms for their solution are developed. The properties of the developed algorithms for solving decision-making problems have been investigated and a method for their selection in solving specific production problems has been proposed. A mathematical formulation of the decision-making problem for optimizing the operating modes of the catalytic reforming unit in a fuzzy environment is obtained and the results of its solution based on the proposed fuzzy approach are presented. The structure is created and the main functional blocks of the computer decision support system based on the object models are described. The issues of software implementation of the developed models are considered and a description of the interface of the computer system for modelling the units of the reforming unit and decision support for optimizing their operation modes is given.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Mathematical model ; Multi-criteria optimization ; Decision making ; Fuzzy information ; Technological object of oil refining ; Catalytic reforming unit ; System of modelling and decision-making support ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The aim of this Special Issue is to specify relevant principles of mathematics and mechanics in order to explore and understand biological problems. We summarize the most important parameters that influence human performance and that are related to the health sciences for all age groups, throughout their lives. We present papers that aim to introduce the latest research in the fields of health, quality-of-life improvement, and sport rehabilitation and that summarize their recommendations for best practice. The aim for this Special Issue is, therefore, to effectively combine and coordinate research and results in order to understand and improve human movement in medicine, sports, and at work.
    Keywords: tendinopathy ; Achilles tendon ; hyaluronic acid ; viscoelastic properties ; isometric contraction ; matrix metalloproteinase 3 ; interleukin-1beta ; fascia ; chronic low back pain ; myofascial release ; quality of life ; older adults ; oldest-old ; measurement invariance ; SHARE European Survey ; therapeutic exercises ; chronic neck pain ; scapular dyskinesia ; DOMS ; vibration ; post-exercise muscle damage ; physical exercise ; recovery ; women’s rugby ; anthropometry ; body composition ; adiposity ; somatotype ; lower-body strength ; accelerometry ; falls ; squat jump ; syndesmosis ; anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament ; high ankle sprain ; rotational instability ; posterior malleolus ; stabilization ; anatomic repair ; syndesmotic screw ; suture-button ; internal bracing ; treatment algorithm ; cardiac rehabilitation ; peripheral artery disease ; COVID-19 ; intermittent claudication ; review ; pressotherapy ; compression ; regeneration ; return-to-play ; rotator cuff repair ; shoulder injuries ; shoulder surgery ; shoulder assessment ; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; COPD ; acupuncture ; acupuncture therapy ; acupuncture treatment ; health-related quality of life ; anterior knee laxity ; stiffness ; general joint laxity ; genu recurvatum ; low back pain ; physical activity ; trunk alignment ; rasterstereographic system ; young males ; tissue flossing ; floss band ; vascular occlusion ; muscle strength ; muscle endurance ; warm-up ; TECAR therapy ; high-intensity laser therapy ; manual therapy ; muscle disorders ; hemophilia ; knee ; virtual reality exposure therapy ; joint pain ; physiotherapy ; daily physical function ; middle-aged and older adults ; CHARLS ; aging ; appendicular muscle mass ; inflammaging ; biomarkers ; adiponectin ; sarcopenia ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 24
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This Special Issue brings together the latest advancements across various facets of viscous and viscoelastic fluid flows. Encompassing a spectrum of contributions, the topics span from innovative numerical methods and sophisticated mathematical modeling to cutting-edge experimental research. In addition to providing insights into the current state of research in these domains, the issue aims to foster a comprehensive understanding of the intricate dynamics and behaviors exhibited by viscous and viscoelastic fluids.
    Keywords: numerical methods ; analytical solutions ; boundary conditions ; computational rheology ; computational fluid dynamics ; mathematical models ; viscoelasticity ; complex viscous-viscoelastic flows ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The 3D analysis of human movement aims to objectively and quantitatively assess motor functions and alterations. It is a valuable method for sport scientists, coaches, and clinicians to evaluate sport performance, common movements, and alterations. The feasibility of 3D analysis is increasing because it can be adopted both in a laboratory setting or directly in the field, in static or dynamic conditions, and for physiological or pathological movements. This evaluation technique can be adopted for many people, including children, adolescents, adults, and older people, whether they are sedentary or athletes and whether they are healthy or motor-impaired people.
    Keywords: virtual reality ; augmented reality ; lifelogging ; mirror world ; health ; posture training ; feedback ; COVID-19 ; neck-shoulder-region ; shoulder protraction ; upper crossed syndrome ; posture weakness ; physical inactivity ; sedentary behavior ; soccer ; climbing ; exhaustion ; fatigue ; training ; machine learning ; sports ; gender ; data mining ; artificial intelligence ; posture ; reproducibility ; mobile app ; movement ; kinesiology ; sport performance ; inertial sensor ; inertial sensor device ; inertial measurement unit ; training load ; external load ; physical demand ; handstand ; postural control ; postural balance ; sEMG ; stabilometric assessment ; exercise ; Nordic walking ; walking ; 3D kinematics ; biomechanics ; gait analysis ; kyphosis ; spinal mouse ; photogrammetry ; postural evaluation ; bicycle ; cyclists ; saddle pressure ; perineal pressure ; urogenital system ; injury prevention ; cervical ROM ; elastic taping ; neck pain ; musculoskeletal health ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 26
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: In the orthopedic surgical field, knee surgeries, including articular cartilage repair procedures, meniscus surgery, ligament reconstruction surgery, osteotomy surgery, and partial/total knee arthroplasty surgery, have made great advances over the last few decades. This Special Issue highlights and focuses on the surgical concepts and techniques, decision-making processes, perioperative management protocols, and clinical outcomes of the recent various advanced knee surgery procedures.
    Keywords: high tibial osteotomy ; TomoFix ; plate position ; anatomical conformity ; dual-energy CT ; Hounsfield unit ; bone mineral density ; volumetric phantomless BMD ; opportunistic CT ; orthopedic surgeon ; planning ; survey ; total knee arthroplasty ; unicompartmental knee arthroplasty ; anterior cruciate ligament ; reconstruction ; bone tunnel widening ; adjustable-loop device ; interference screw ; hamstring tendon ; autograft ; tibial component alignment ; radiographic references ; extramedullary system ; tranexamic acid ; clamping time ; transfusion ; estimated blood loss ; continuous cold flow therapy ; cryotherapy ; pain ; opioids consumption ; patient satisfaction ; bone marrow lesion ; knee ; meniscus ; root tear ; root repair ; femorotibial joint ; chondromalacia ; aging ; body mass index ; magnetic resonance imaging ; automated detection ; detection algorithm ; deep learning ; venous thromboembolism ; medial collateral ligament ; strain ; video extensometer ; medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy ; central sensitization ; patient-reported outcomes ; osteotomy site pain ; minimal clinically important difference ; human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells ; cartilage regeneration ; cartilage repair ; osteoarthritis treatment ; stem cell therapy ; Outerbridge ; degeneration ; spacer block ; intramedullary rod ; femorotibial congruence ; unicompartmental arthroplasty ; osteoarthritis ; cartilage ; stem cells ; umbilical cord blood ; femur fracture ; polyethylene insert ; osteoporosis ; multivariate logistic analysis ; atelocollagen ; microfracture ; ACIC ; bone marrow aspirate concentrate ; human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells ; knee osteoarthritis ; loosening ; arthroplasty ; machine learning ; transfer learning ; review ; prosthesis ; meniscus root ; medial meniscus posterior root ; medial meniscus posterior root tear ; meniscus root repair ; transtibial pull-out repair ; bone tunnel enlargement ; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction ; landmark ; lateral tibial spine ; anatomy ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 27
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Over the years, digestive endoscopy has gone through a revolution. With different technological improvements, its diagnostic role is indeed becoming more and more sophisticated and is even moving closer to pathological evaluation. Above all, its therapeutic purpose is to date the first line of treatment for several gastrointestinal diseases. Importantly, the role of digestive endoscopy is also crossing over the mere concept of the GI tract and digestive diseases and will probably find a place in a more holistic concept of health. In this Special Issue, several emerging techniques are addressed, highlighting how endoscopy is emerging as a minimally invasive treatment procedure for several gastrointestinal diseases and post-surgical complications. However, crucial to this is the safety of all endoscopic processes, starting from endoscopic suites to the management of intra- and post-procedural complications.
    Keywords: interventional endoscopy, ERCP, cholangioscopy, biliopancreatic endoscopy, CH-EUS, radiofrequency ablation, necrosectomy, locoregional treatment, bariatric endoscopy, artificial intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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  • 28
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Modern medical imaging systems provide information about the patient's health condition. Their precision, resolution and sensitivity are increasing, and new possibilities of differentiating the condition of tissue are constantly appearing. These advances are also taking place in musculoskeletal imaging. Increasingly accurate imaging in various modalities allows us to discover new relationships between the image and the diagnosis. It is therefore important to use all this information to best serve the patient. That is why research related to the analysis of medical images is so important, because it allows us to indicate what is invisible to the naked eye or to quantify what has so far been measured by humans or subject to discretionary assessment. This collection includes 25 works related to the analysis of images created during diagnostics of the musculoskeletal system using various modalities—from X-ray and fluoroscopy to conventional or spectral computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, elastography, PET/CT and systems for analyzing patient mechanics. Research was carried out related to the detection of various conditions, parameterization of clinical and population phenomena, and detection of image–clinical condition relationships. Despite the current popularity of machine learning techniques, the collection is dominated by classic engineering methods related to image processing. Several works use textural analysis, which has not been appreciated so far, which is particularly related to the imaging of the structure, especially of bones.
    Keywords: bone imaging, musculoskeletal imaging, image processing, image analysis, segmentation, textural analysis, machine learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 29
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Pain biomarkers are biological indicators or measurable characteristics that can provide information about the presence, severity, or underlying mechanisms of pain. They are valuable for several reasons: Diagnosis and differential diagnosis: Biomarkers can help in the diagnosis of various pain conditions and differentiate between different types of pain, such as neuropathic, inflammatory, or nociceptive pain. This can lead to more accurate and timely diagnoses, which in turn can improve patient care. Monitoring treatment efficacy: Pain biomarkers can be used to track how well treatments are working for individuals suffering from chronic pain conditions. This allows healthcare providers to make informed decisions about adjusting treatment plans, optimizing pain management, and avoiding unnecessary or ineffective interventions. Drug development and testing: Biomarkers play a crucial role in the development of new pain medications and therapies. They can help researchers identify potential drug targets, screen compounds for their pain-relieving properties, and assess the safety and efficacy of experimental treatments in clinical trials. Personalized medicine: Pain biomarkers may, in a future, contribute to treatments, tailored to an individual's unique genetic and biological disposition. Reducing opioid misuse: By using biomarkers to assess pain and treatment responses, healthcare providers can make more informed decisions about opioid prescriptions, potentially reducing the overuse and abuse of these medications.
    Keywords: analgesia ; biomarker ; CSF ; cytokine ; inflammation ; neuropathy ; neurotransmitter ; pain ; QoL ; sensitization ; sensory ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 30
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The fatigue of metallic materials stands as a pivotal challenge in engineering applications. Exploring the fatigue damage mechanism and fatigue life prediction of metallic materials is of paramount importance. This reprint includes articles that explore relevant topics, and they are intended for academic researchers, engineers, and students seeking a comprehensive understanding of the recent advancements in this field.
    Keywords: 7075 aluminum alloy ; outdoor exposure ; actual marine atmosphere ; pre-corrosion ; fatigue ; fretting fatigue ; digital image correlation ; relative slip ; tangential contact stiffness ; planetary transmission ; hierarchical analysis ; finite element method ; reliability modeling ; fatigue test ; nickel-based superalloy ; non-unified constitutive models ; creep-fatigue ; cyclic softening ; stress relaxation ; 2D-EBSD mapping ; intragranular misorientation ; KAM and GROD ; isotropic linear evolution ; mesoscopic plastic strain ; 3D polycrystalline plasticity model ; nickel-based alloy GH4169 ; complex stress state ; biaxial fatigue ; fatigue crack behavior ; phase field methods ; fatigue fracture ; performance improvement strategies ; rails ; rail steel ; reutilization ; fatigue life ; rail reliability ; crack ; geometric factor ; support vector regression ; pilot plant ; shape optimization ; flow guide disk ; vent hole ; design optimization ; fatigue crack initiation ; short crack ; Neuber’s rule ; strain energy density (SED) ; finite element analysis (FEA) ; TRIP steel ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on the comprehensive understanding and novel treatments in the realm of cornea and ocular surface diseases. Ranging from the relatively benign manifestations of keratoconjunctivitis sicca to more critical conditions such as corneal ulcers, ocular surface diseases pose a considerable challenge in clinical ophthalmology. Such conditions can severely compromise the transparency of the cornea, often necessitating interventions such as keratoplasty. A significant emphasis of this edition is on the paramount importance of pre-surgical optimization. A successful keratoplasty is often predicated on the health of the ocular surface. Through a series of insightful articles, the importance of enhancing tear function, rehabilitating the normal lid anatomy, and ensuring a robust limbal stem cell supply is elucidated. Properly addressing these factors has a direct bearing on the success rate of the subsequent surgical intervention. Another highlight of this Special Issue is the presentation of cutting-edge treatments. Researchers from around the globe share their findings, detailing advancements in both surgical and non-surgical treatments. These range from innovative surgical techniques and tools to groundbreaking pharmaceutical agents that hold promise in managing and possibly reversing some of these conditions. In summary, this Special Issue serves as a repository of the latest knowledge in the management of cornea and ocular surface diseases, aimed at both the seasoned ophthalmologist and budding researchers in the field.
    Keywords: cornea ; ocular surface disease ; dry eye ; corneal ulcer ; keratoplasty ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 32
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Lipid-based nanosystems, including solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), cationic lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and liposomes, have been extensively studied to improve drug delivery through different administration routes. The main advantages linked to these systems are the ability to protect, transport, and control the release of lipophilic and hydrophilic molecules (either small molecular weight or macromolecules); the use of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) excipients that minimize the toxicity of the formulations; and the possibility to modulate pharmacokinetics and enable the site-specific delivery of encapsulated payloads. In addition, the versatility of lipid-based nanosystems has been further demonstrated through the delivery of vaccines, protection of cosmetic actives, or improvement in the moisturizing properties of cosmetic formulations. Currently, lipid-based nanosystems are well established, and there are already different commercially approved formulations for different human disorders. This success has actually paved the way to diversifying the pipeline of development, upon addressing unmet medical needs for several indications, such as cancer; neurological disorders; and autoimmune, genetic, and infectious diseases. This Special Issue aims to update readers on the latest research on lipid-based nanosystems, both at the preclinical and clinical levels.
    Keywords: design of experiment ; porcine mucous membrane ; ophthalmic tissues ; permeation ; nanostructured lipid carriers ; gentiopicroside ; phospholipid complex ; self-nanoemulsion drug delivery system ; oral bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; antioxidants ; marine bio-waste ; bioactive compounds ; neurodegenerative diseases ; NLC ; solid lipid nanoparticles ; SLN ; intranasal administration ; nose-to-brain ; exosome ; drug loading ; exosomal delivery ; large-scale production ; lipid nanoparticles ; mucoadhesion ; ocular bioavailability ; surface modification ; liposomes ; baricitinib ; JAK-inhibitor ; transepidermal delivery ; skin permeation ; lipid NPs ; breast cancer ; siRNA delivery ; gene silencing ; personalized therapy ; bimatoprost ; central composite design ; glaucoma ; HET-CAM test ; solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) ; perillyl acid ; biodistribution ; empty lipid nanoparticles ; reactogenicity ; xenobiotics ; ionizable lipids ; isoniazid ; in vivo pharmacokinetics ; drug release profile ; histopathological toxicity ; mannosylation ; nanocarriers ; Chagas disease ; Trypanosoma cruzi ; in vivo assays ; quality by design ; plumbagin ; diabetes ; in vitro ; niosomes ; levosulpiride ; antidepressant ; acute toxicity ; in vivo imaging ; bioavailability ; cisplatin ; co-encapsulation ; mifepristone ; synergism ; gefitinib ; lipid ; surfactant ; stability ; breast cancer cell ; MTT assay ; anticancer ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 33
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Fault detection and state estimation are essential tasks for ensuring the reliability, safety and performance of automatic control systems. They play a critical role in detecting and isolating faults quickly and accurately, enabling timely corrective action and preventing system failures. The field of fault detection and state estimation has seen significant advances in recent years, driven by the integration of advanced methodologies with cutting-edge technologies, in particular artificial intelligence and deep learning. These techniques have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in fault diagnosis, state estimation and fault-tolerant control, especially in complex multi-sensor systems. This Special Issue highlights and discusses the design and application of fault detection algorithms, the design and application of state estimation methods, the design and application of machine learning algorithms, the analysis of automatic control system characteristics, and the design and application of intelligent control systems. Nevertheless, many challenges remain and require attention, including scalability, computational efficiency, online implementation, fault isolation, fault recovery and fault-tolerant control. Additional research efforts are therefore essential to advance both the theory and practice of this critical task.
    Keywords: Intelligent Control ; Intelligent Modeling ; Computational Intelligence ; Artificial Intelligence ; State Estimation ; Fault Detection ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This textbook “Applied Mathematics in Ferroelectricity and Piezoelectricity” was authored to provide the reader solid mathematical background for studying “ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity”, as a supplemental reference to my three course books; “Ferroelectric Devices 2nd Edition (2010)”, “Micromechatronics 2nd Edition (2019)”, and “FEM and Micromechatronics with ATILA Software (2008)”, all published from CRC Press. “Physics” prefers “simplicity”; converting a complicated phenomenon expressed by a function.
    Keywords: ferroelectrics ; piezoelectricity ; phenomenology ; applied mathematics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: As people become more environmentally aware and recycle , the reuse of waste materials and the application of sustainable techniques in the construction field have become popular. This reprint collates new green and sustainable infrastructure construction materials, including cement and asphalt concrete, biomass, and composite infrastructure materials. This collection should be used as a guidance for the future field application of new techniques for the improved environmental sustainability of infrastructure constructions.
    Keywords: sustainable infrastructure materials ; green cement concrete ; asphalt and mixtures ; material and structure of road engineering ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2024-02-27
    Description: Collective monograph contains the results of scientific research devoted to the search for effective scientific and applied solutions for the operation of logistics systems. The problems posed are considered through the prism of technological and economic views, which contributes to the formation of the practical significance of the results of systematic research, which are highlighted in the monograph. Section 1 examines which multimodal logistics solutions in emergency situations and transport security threats have proven effective during the war in Ukraine. The given transport and logistics solutions can be considered promising from the point of view of integrative capabilities at a new level of transport competitiveness and defense capability. In Section 2, practical measures are proposed to improve logistics solutions in transport and customs services in international traffic to ensure the efficiency and reliability of the national economy. In Section 3, the impact of information provision of truck crews performing transport tasks on road traffic is investigated, and an effective scheme for information support of cargo delivery conditions is developed. In Section 4, solutions are proposed for evaluating the effectiveness of the ecological system project using the "discounted payback period" criterion, which takes into account transformational changes in its life cycle model. In Section 5, solutions are proposed that allow for a reasonable selection of the composition of consumers and partners for each enterprise, taking into account their characteristics and strategies of information interaction, ensuring an increase in the efficiency of the "consumer - enterprise - partner" system based on the criterion of profit maximization. The monograph is intended for practitioners who are engaged in the search and implementation of effective technological solutions in the field of logistics, in particular according to economic criteria, and scientists who investigate applied problems of the functioning of logistics systems. The monograph can also be useful to postgraduate and master's students of universities in the relevant educational and scientific profile.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Transportation events ; Humanitarian supply chains ; Intermodal transportation ; Traffic safety management information systems ; Customs service ; Logistics risks ; Containerized transportation ; Cargo delivery ; Logistics chain of flow delays ; Ecological system ; Information interaction ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 37
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    Agenda Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Climate change is increasingly contested on financial terms. Different actors are advancing competing climate visions and interests by adopting financial positions. International institutions urge action by identifying financing gaps needed to meet climate targets. The finance sector claims it holds the key to unlocking money needed for climate investment. Activists expose greenwashing while using financial tactics to undermine fossil fuels. Vulnerable countries demand wealthy governments repay historical climate debts.This book offers an accessible and critical guide to the political economy and economic geography of climate finance. It identifies six competing ""positions"" of climate finance to make sense of the array of financial instruments, institutions and ideas that are remaking the relationship between capitalism and climate change. Using a wide range of case studies, from green bonds, to divestment, carbon offsetting, climate tech, central banks, and international climate funds, the authors show how climate finance is shaping our collective climate futures.
    Keywords: Business & Economics ; Development ; Sustainable Development ; Political Science ; Public Policy ; Economic Policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This reprint, entitled “Management of Acute and Chronic Complications of Lysosomal Storage Diseases in Children and Adults: Current Practice and Future Opportunities”, covers broad aspects of this group of rare diseases. The first theme includes articles on the management of pain, corneal clouding, gastrointestinal and airway diseases in Mucopolysaccharidoses and Mucolipidoses, and the evaluation of dysphonia in Pompe disease. Additionally, attention deficit and ADHD and the management of atherosclerosis in Fabry disease are considered here. The second theme includes diagnostic conundrums in lysosomal storage diseases, e.g., the prenatal diagnosis of Gaucher disease during pregnancy, the diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism in Mucolipidoses, and the application of the new biomarker “plasma neurofilament light” in Niemann Pick C disease, as well as the correlation of enzyme activity with molecular diagnosis in Pompe disease. The articles in the third theme describe the impact of therapies on clinical outcomes. For example, a systematic review of the impact of enzyme replacement therapy on late-onset Pompe disease and trehalose use on Niemann Pick A and B is included. The remaining articles describe the NHS processes for overcoming challenges resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and the differences in the transition from paediatric to adult services between different countries.
    Keywords: Mucopolysaccharidosis ; corneal clouding ; penetrating keratoplasty ; deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty ; mucopolysaccharidoses ; airway ; obstruction ; management ; Fabry disease ; attention ; Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity ; cognition ; late-onset Pompe disease ; gastrointestinal ; smooth muscles ; PROMIS–GI symptom scales ; GAAKO mice ; glycogen storage disorder ; translational research ; patient-reported outcomes measures ; mucopolysaccharidosis ; MPS ; disease manifestations ; symptoms ; morbidity ; spine disease ; anaesthesia ; perioperative complications ; surgery ; pompe disease ; speech ; voice ; dysphonia ; acoustic ; auditory-perceptual ; GRBAS ; respiratory ; Pompe disease ; gene panel sequencing ; alpha-glucosidase ; GAA ; dried-blood spots ; fabry disease ; neuropathic pain ; depression ; Fabry ; atherosclerosis ; ischaemia ; perfusion ; angina ; Sanfilippo syndrome ; mortality ; Niemann–Pick C ; neurofilament light ; biomarkers ; neurological disease ; glycogen storage disease type II ; enzyme replacement therapy ; COVID-19 ; inherited metabolic disorders ; rare autoinflammatory diseases ; health care providers ; Gaucher disease ; NIHF ; perinatal-lethal Gaucher disease ; PLGD ; ichthyosis ; GBA gene ; airway management ; radiology ; hyoid bone ; chin ; intubation ; intratracheal ; lysosomal storage disease (LSD) ; Niemann–Pick type A ; Niemann–Pick type B ; acid sphingomyelinase ; sphingolipid deposition ; trehalose ; mucolipidosis type II ; ML II ; I-cell disease ; hyperparathyroidism ; mucolipidosis ; ML ; MLII ; transition service ; adult metabolic medicine ; collaboration ; challenges ; inherited metabolic diseases ; healthcare systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2024-03-14
    Description: This open access book is dedicated to exploring methods and charting the course for enhancing engineering education in and beyond 2023. It delves into the idea that education, coupled with social connections, is indispensable for a more profound comprehension of the world and the creation of an improved quality of life. The book serves as a conduit for incorporating complex problem-solving into engineering education across various formats. It offers a structured approach for tackling complex issues, comparing an array of techniques for managing complexity within the realm of engineering education. Moreover, the book scrutinizes several complex case studies derived from the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals. Additionally, it explores intricate problem-solving and curriculum change case studies specific to engineering education from Harvard University, the University of Technology Sydney, and Aalborg University.
    Keywords: System Thinking in Education ; Engineering Education ; Complexity in Engineering Education ; Complex Problem Solving in Engineering Education ; Problem Solving in Education ; Design Engineering in Education ; Mega Projects in Engineering Education ; Human Challenges in Education ; Sustainable Development Goals and Education ; Engineering Education Curricula ; Social Challenges and Engineering ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher & further education, tertiary education ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNT Teaching skills & techniques ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNK Organization & management of education::JNKC Curriculum planning & development
    Language: English
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  • 40
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Molecular toxicology is a field that investigates the interactions between chemical or biological molecules and organisms at the molecular level. In this Special Issue, we focus on the toxic effects and mechanisms of action of chemical and biological molecules, will be of great interest of readers in molecular toxicology and applied pharmacology.
    Keywords: smoking ; inflammatory ; cytokine ; human serum ; GO ; PRRSV ; FT-SPR ; sensitization ; NNK ; nicotine ; cytotoxicity ; genotoxicity ; cytochrome P450 2A13 ; Aspergillus flavus ; aflatoxins B1 ; carcinogen ; Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering ; colloidal Au nanoparticles ; portable Raman spectrometer ; Euphorbia semen ; Euphorbia factors ; transcriptome ; RNA sequencing ; bioinformatics ; gene structure ; neuroblast differentiation-associated protein AHNAK ; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) ; interactome ; field cancerization ; 8–17 DNAzyme ; gene silencing ; catalysis ; antisense ; chemical modifications ; 6-cyclohexyl methyl-β-D-maltoside ; transduction efficiency ; conditionally replicative adenovirus ; lethal effect ; gene therapy ; PBDE ; immunotoxicity ; macrophage ; reactive oxygen species ; apoptosis ; immune function ; breast cancer ; signature ; aging ; cancer ; nomogram ; immunotherapy ; tumor mutation burden ; doxorubicin ; Toll-like receptor 4 ; cardiotoxicity ; heart ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
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  • 41
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: In this Special Issue, we have gathered high-level research papers from all over the world. We would like to thank all researchers for their commitment to the field. From diagnostic ultrasound of different fetal conditions to advanced cardiovascular imaging leading to fetal MRI and from serum markers and biomarkers in maternal and fetal conditions to new modalities in fetal therapy, this Special Issue covers a large scale view of the present spectrum of modern perinatal medicine. Again, a warm thank you to all contributors.
    Keywords: fetal echocardiography ; fetal abnormalities ; fetal therapy ; genetic testing, prenatal medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 42
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The topics covered in this Special Issue range from breastfeeding and early-life nutrition to effects on microbiota, infection, allergy, asthma, and the mechanisms of immunomodulation via (the early introduction of) nutrition on infections and the development of (food) allergies.
    Keywords: diet ; pregnancy ; cord blood ; fatty acids ; n-3 PUFAs ; n-6 PUFAs ; arachidonic acid ; phospholipids ; atopic eczema ; NICE birth cohort ; multi-allergen ; early introduction ; food allergy ; safety ; efficacy ; prevention ; allergic sensitization ; foetal immune ontogeny ; gene/environment interactions ; asthma ; eczema ; maternal diet ; PUFAs ; vitamin D ; Mediterranean diet ; microbiome ; breastfeeding ; functional gastrointestinal disorder ; partial hydrolysate ; peptide ; protein ; infancy ; childhood ; immune development ; probiotic ; microbiota ; allergy ; atopic dermatitis ; breastmilk ; house dust mite ; Der p 1 ; Asthma ; total IgE ; atopy ; sensitization ; oral tolerance ; early food introduction ; milk protein ; cow’s milk allergy (CMA) ; maternal atopy ; epigenetics ; pediatric asthma ; cohort study ; immune complex ; trained immunity ; RSV ; bovine IgG ; preF protein ; cow’s milk allergy ; allergen ; hypoallergenic infant formula ; n/a ; IgA deficiency ; selenium deficiency ; zinc deficiency ; recommended dietary allowances ; immune system ; allergen molecules ; milk allergen micro-array ; peptides ; anaphylaxis ; milk tolerance ; diagnosis ; IgE sensitization ; children ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 43
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This reprint serves as an introduction to the groundbreaking research work that explores the remarkable advancements in biosensor technology and its profound impact on the fields of biomedicine and environmental research. It aims to elucidate the subject's scope, provide future research directions, and highlight potential applications. This reprint is dedicated to the scientific community, researchers, and professionals seeking to expand their knowledge of biosensing. We express our gratitude to all those who have supported and contributed to this scientific endeavor.
    Keywords: live-cell immunoassay ; topographic micropatterns ; on-chip cytokine detection ; nasopharyngeal cancer ; integrated microfluidics ; retinol-binding protein 4 ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; aptasensor ; colorimetric ; gold nanoparticles ; diagnosis ; biosensing ; fluorescent probe ; AIE ; RNA ; CAG repeats ; nucleic acid aptamer ; DNA and RNA Capture-SELEX ; small molecule contaminant ; characterization ; aptamer ; biosensing applications ; microfluidic ; impedance biosensor ; electrical impedance flow cytometer ; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ; metal nanoparticles ; immunosensor ; MXene ; MoS2 ; graphene ; MOF ; biomarkers ; graphitic carbon nitride ; black phosphorous ; 2D-LDHs ; boron nitrides ; graphdiyne ; metal–organic frameworks ; luminescence ; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; multiplexed detection ; polymer dots ; biosensors ; fluorescent probes ; semiconducting polymers ; molecular imaging ; DNA sensor ; silver ion detection ; minidumbbell ; non-B DNA ; C·C mismatch ; cTnI ; PEC immunosensor ; bismuth vanadate ; bismuth sulfide ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 44
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common infections in the world, affecting roughly half of all humans. Although it is not an infection that causes death immediately after infection, it is one of the largest emerging infectious diseases in the history of humankind, causing a wide variety of diseases and, in the long term, serious complications such as stomach cancer. This Reprint contains empirical studies and reviews regarding the diagnosis, treatment, complications, and management of H. pylori infection, including new diagnostic methods, effective eradication regimens, the management of gastric cancer, and other topics.
    Keywords: gastric cancer ; biliopancreatic reflux ; gastritis ; carcinoma ; endoscopic surveillance ; Helicobacter pylori infection ; gastric stump cancer ; Helicobacter pylori ; H. pylori ; rifabutin ; treatment ; eradication failure ; culture ; bismuth ; rescue ; Hp-EuReg ; third-generation ultrathin endoscope ; transnasal endoscopy ; narrow-band imaging ; Kyoto classification of gastritis ; gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia ; diagnosis ; stool antigen test ; urea breath test ; peptic ulcer disease ; triple therapy ; vonoprazan ; dyspepsia ; Kyoto Classification of Gastritis ; cagA ; Okinawa ; endoscopic findings ; Helicobacter infection ; tetracycline ; eradication ; penicillin allergy ; furazolidone ; metronidazole ; amoxicillin ; child ; host genetic factor ; iron deficiency anemia ; iron demand ; iron uptake ; sports activity ; virulence factor ; gastric lymphoma ; MALT lymphoma ; radiotherapy ; chemotherapy ; rituximab ; dual therapy ; vonoprazan (VPZ) ; amoxicillin (AMOX) ; clarithromycin (CAM) ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 45
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates possessing a 3D network structure. They are widely considered to have been the leading materials of the last few decades in the fields of chemical engineering, energy sources, and environmental protection. Zeolites with various pore sizes can be obtained with different ratios of SiO2 and Al2O3, demonstrating large specific areas and strong gas adsorption. Therefore, they are commonly used for various processes, such as dehydration, gas separation and synthesis, air pollution control (H2S, SO2, and NOx decontamination), fuel conversion (electrolyte film), petroleum cracking, and others, playing the roles of a membrane, catalyst, and support. This Special Issue is dedicated to novel research and discussions on zeolites, with a focus on, but not limited to, the following: (1) Fundamental research on mechanisms of the formation of pores for zeolites; (2) Zeolites used as the membrane, catalyst, and support; (3) Theoretical simulation and machine learning research for zeolites; (4) Novel applications for zeolites; (5) Related porous materials
    Keywords: cerium oxide ; photocatalysis ; flash combustion ; water treatment ; air purification ; visible light ; alkali ions ; sodalite ; transesterification ; kinetics ; thermodynamic ; mechanism ; adsorption ; natural zeolite support ; single and double metal oxide catalysts ; synergistic mechanism ; SAPO-34 ; zeolites ; crystallization ; esterification ; propyl levulinate ; Zn-BEA zeolites ; dealumination ; acid–base characteristics ; propane dehydrogenation with CO2 ; propene ; Cu-SSZ-16 ; Ce content ; NH3-SCR ; low temperature ; hydrothermal stability ; zeolitic membranes ; gas separation and purification ; metal–organic frameworks ; bimetallic ; electrocatalysts ; CO2 utilization ; syngas ; zeolite ; catalyst ; pore structure ; redox ; applications ; propane oxidation dehydrogenation (ODHP) ; N2O ; Cu-BEA ; density functional theory (DFT) ; microkinetic modelling ; Mn-Ce/CuX catalyst ; zinc species poisoning ; low-temperature NH3-SCR ; benzene alkylation ; H-ZSM-5 zeolite ; Al spatial distribution ; DFT calculation ; ZSM-5 ; NOx removal ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: The monograph is devoted to the study of dynamic processes in technical systems for various technological purposes. A new approach and methodology is proposed for a systemic, synergistic approach, taking into account the influence of energy fields of physical and mechanical effects, transformation and inversion of types of energy action. Models and equations of motion of discrete and continuous dynamic systems, dispersed media in the spectrum of their processing are considered. Changes in the parameters of subsystems are revealed: working mediums, mechanical systems, the processes of their interaction are investigated on the basis of taking into account their stress-strain state. The processes of grinding, sorting, mixing, compaction of materials and media are considered. The intensification of physical and mechanical processes, methods and means of their creation was achieved by the systematization and complexity of approaches due to the joint consideration of the mutual influence of the internal properties of subsystems. The processes of material processing by superresonant, subresonant and multi-mode parameters are investigated. Methods for determining effective parameters and modes of their operation are proposed. The processes of grinding, sorting, mixing, compaction of the processing medium in the field of vibration load are described. As a result of the research carried out, new properties of the behavior of discrete-continuous systems under power load conditions are revealed. For the first time, the stresses and deformations of both working bodies and media were taken into account to create energy-saving vibration systems for various technological processes. The carried out scientific research makes it possible to obtain the laws of change in the state of dispersed media under the action of power loads by technical systems, new technological and design solutions were proposed.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Technical systems ; Technological media ; Grinding ; Sorting ; Mixing ; Compaction ; Cavitation ; Models ; Continuous and discrete parameters ; Force loads ; Stresses ; Deformations ; Energy ; Synergetics ; Vibration amplitude ; Vibration frequency ; Laws of motion ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2024-02-27
    Description: Collective monograph contains the results of scientific research devoted to new views and proposals for the diagnosis of certain diseases. The proposed solutions are important for clinical practice and inspire optimism in obtaining encouraging results in overcoming some pathologies. Chapter 1 is dedicated to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography - a contrast study of the bile ducts and ductal system of the pancreas, which is achieved by their cannulation with the help of a flexible endoscope and their visualization by X-ray (fluoroscopy). Thanks to this, it becomes possible to diagnose and perform medical interventions for choledocholithiasis, benign and malignant obstruction of the bile ducts, chronic pancreatitis accompanied by obstruction of the pancreatic ducts. Chapter 2 presents the results of the development of a thermoelectric device for diagnosing inflammatory processes and pain syndrome in degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the lumbosacral spine. Such a device makes it possible to save, process and visualize measurement results on the display of the device and on a personal computer in real time. The results of clinical studies of thermometric indicators in the lumbosacral region of the spine in persons with chronic pain syndrome against the background of degenerative-dystrophic pathology of the spine in the presence of hernias and protrusions of intervertebral discs are given. The effectiveness of the proposed thermoelectric device in medical practice has been confirmed. Chapter 3 presents the results of the examination of various contingents of the population: students, athletes, mobile operators, people with hearing loss, post-covid syndrome and psychophysiological lability developed under martial law. The features of information processing by examinees with different degrees of functional mobility of nervous processes are highlighted. It was found that the deprivation of auditory function, post-conviction syndrome, psychophysiological lability developed in the conditions of martial law significantly reduce the level of neural processes and the ability to process information. The evaluation scales of neurodynamic and sensorimotor functions proposed for use in the medical field can be used to optimize diagnosis and increase the effectiveness of monitoring neurological morbidity, including in people with special needs. Chapter 4 is devoted to the problems of children's neuropsychiatric diseases, in particular brain damage in children with ASD. Restrained optimism is expressed for the prospect of overcoming this severe psychiatric pathology in the foreseeable future due to the introduction of genetic, biochemical and immunodiagnostic approaches, as well as metabolic and immunotherapeutic interventions with neuroprotective effects. Arguments are presented in favor of the fact that the successful testing in clinical practice of evidence-based personalized multidisciplinary strategies of diagnosis and treatment will allow a breakthrough in the clinical management of children with severe mental disorders in the near future. This will provide not only the possibility of recovery from a prognostically unfavorable and currently incurable neuropsychiatric disorder, but will also contribute to stopping the large-scale threatening epidemic of neuropsychiatric syndromes in the modern child population. Chapter 5 presents the evolution of views on the problem of Internet addiction, provides information on its prevalence, comorbidity with mental disorders, and provides an overview of modern clinical classifications and psychometric tools for its diagnosis. A single definition of "cyber addiction" is singled out, based on the fact that the object of addiction is interaction with various information resources and technical means. The proposed clinical diagnostic criteria, which are based on the criteria for the diagnosis of mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances ICD-11, and the characteristics of the boundary with normative behavior when using various information resources and technical means are provided. The development and validation of a new psychodiagnostic screening tool based on the proposed cyber addiction paradigm, the YSCAS scale, is presented. The monograph is intended for doctors and practitioners who are engaged in the search and implementation of effective diagnostic methods to overcome the problems associated with the detection and treatment of certain pathologies. The monograph can also be useful to postgraduate and master's students of universities in the relevant educational and scientific profile.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ; Endoscopic lithoextraction ; Osteochondrosis of the spine ; Thermoelectric device ; Individual-typological properties ; Functional mobility ; Sensorimotor reactivity ; Autism spectrum disorders ; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ; Obsessive-compulsive syndrome ; Immunodiagnostics ; Internet addiction ; Cyberaddiction ; YSCAS scale ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 48
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This reprint focuses on the importance of the micronutrient iron in human physiological iron homeostasis and iron-related diseases. Daily adequate dietary iron supply ensures vital body functions and hemoglobin synthesis during erythropoiesis. During the last few decades, scientific evidence has shown that the maintenance of human iron homeostasis is an important factor for physical and mental health. The present reprint gives an overview of how iron, as an essential dietary element, is responsible for physiological and pathological biochemical processes in the human body. For the readership, this relevant information will provide an evidence-based update on the complex regulatory mechanisms and related diseases of iron metabolism.
    Keywords: iron metabolism ; iron homeostasis ; micronutrient iron ; physiology ; pathology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
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  • 49
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This Special Issue addresses recent advances in the research of plant-derived natural products, their mechanisms of action and how they can influence health and disease. Plant-derived natural products have been well known since antiquity due to their beneficial effects on human health, and since then, they have attracted the interest of the scientific community, leading to the identification, isolation and quantification of their compounds and research on their biomedical properties. They have been found to be rich in phytochemicals, such as terpenes and phenolic compounds, with proven antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor and prebiotic properties, and therefore, they have been suggested as potential candidates for the therapeutic management of several chronic diseases. Some of them include inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, arthritis and cancer, in which inflammation, oxidative stress and dysbiosis mechanisms are implicated. Furthermore, given the increased economic burden, the side effects and the low compliance rates of patients who receive standard medical treatments, plant-derived natural products could possibly serve as adjunct therapeutic agents for chronic diseases.
    Keywords: plants ; natural products ; free radicals ; inflammation ; medicinal ; caffeic acid ; antibacterial ; antifungal ; antioxidant ; anticancer ; juglone ; Juglans regia ; mogrol ; mogroside ; phytochemical ; pharmacology ; osteoporosis ; antiobesity ; anti-inflammation ; neurodegenerative disorders ; anticancer agents ; aromadendrane ; bryophytes ; cytokinesis inhibitor ; Plagiochila species ; plagiochilins ; analgesic activity ; traditional medicine ; wound healing ; colon carcinogenesis ; 1,2 dimethylhydrazine ; hesperetin ; capecitabine ; Jatropha tanjorensis ; Fraxinus micrantha ; HPTLC ; anti-obesity activity ; high-fat diet model ; histological ; Alzheimer ; acetylcholinesterase inhibitors ; Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. ; bioactive compounds ; medicinal plants ; P. lentiscus ; GC/MS ; HPLC-DAD ; antioxidant activity ; antibacterial activity ; antifungal activity ; extract ; molecular docking ; Artemisia arborescens ; Artemisia inculta ; phenolic compounds ; terpenes ; trace metals ; antioxidant capacity ; Eurycoma longifolia Jack ; anti-inflammatory ; antinociceptive effect ; antipyretic effects ; gastroprotective activity ; gastric ulcer ; Thai traditional medicine ; phytochemicals ; inflammatory bowel disease ; gut microbiota ; Mastiha ; Curcumin ; Boswellia serrata ; Artemisia absinthium ; lipidomic profile ; Tulsi ; Ocimum sanctum ; ischemic stroke ; photothrombotic ischemia ; medicinal plant ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 50
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Translational research is required to uncover the underlying pathomechanisms of neurological and psychiatric disorders, search for new biomarkers, and develop novel therapeutics. Complex polygenic, multifactorial, and heterogeneous mechanisms have been elucidated using in vivo and in vitro models. Advanced preclinical models have recently revealed an intriguing interaction between sex/gender and aging in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite these advances, much work remains to be carried out to fully understand the underlying pathology of these conditions and to develop treatments that can significantly improve the lives of those who suffer from them. The current challenge in the field of neurological and psychiatric disorders is the development of disease-modifying, effective treatments for these complex and long-term debilitating conditions with a high malady burden. The first edition of this research topic, entitled 'Emerging Translational Research in Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases: From In Vitro to In Vivo Models,' emphasizes the importance of translational research in bridging the gap between basic research and clinical applications. Furthermore, it provided a venue for researchers to share their findings and progress in translational research in this field.
    Keywords: Alzheimer&rsquo ; s disease ; Parkinson&rsquo ; multiple sclerosis ; stroke ; migraine ; pain ; depressive disorder ; anxiety disorder ; autism spectrum disorder ; sleep wake disorders ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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  • 51
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Peru's industrial mining sector is highly conflictual and characterized by social disputes. Many of these conflicts are fought not only in politics but also in the courts, as activists attempt to hold corporate and state actors liable for human rights violations. At the same time, they face an increasing criminalization of their protests. Law is thus both an emancipatory tool for activists to access justice and an instrument for political and economic elites to prevent social change. Based on ethnographic field work, Angela Lindt sheds light on various mining disputes in Cajamarca and Piura and examines the role of law in resolving these conflicts.
    Keywords: Human Rights ; Social Movements ; Mining ; Peru ; Protest ; Law ; Transnational Corporations ; Democracy ; Politics ; Economy ; International Relations ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPW Political activism / Political engagement::JPWG Pressure groups, protest movements and non-violent action ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPV Political control and freedoms::JPVH Human rights, civil rights
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  • 52
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: undefined
    Keywords: Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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  • 53
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Various classes of natural and synthetic molecules that can be classified as biomaterials find application in all fields of dentistry. Biomaterials should be biocompatible to minimise toxicity and bioactivity to ensure or simulate biological effects. They are used, for instance, to enhance antibacterial activity and improve the healing process. Calcium silicates, for illustration, are biomaterials used in endodontics that have proven their excellent biological, physico-chemical, and mechanical properties. However, some of these are considered too soluble, and this is almost completely due to their hardness when used as endodontic sealers, making endodontic retreatment very difficult. Despite manufacturers' best efforts, it is sometimes difficult to marry bioactivity, biocompatibility, and clinical benefits in a biomaterial; therefore, in this content, the work of researchers is invaluable.
    Keywords: calcium silicate cement ; retrograde materials ; premixed cement ; powder–liquid cement ; chemical composition ; EDX ; caries prevention ; anterior restorations ; ceramic ; dental veneers ; follow-up ; non-vital teeth ; porcelain laminate veneers ; vital teeth ; antimicrobial ; osseointegration ; surface modification ; tissue engineering ; root canal retreatment ; calcium silicate-based cement ; ProTaper Universal Retreatment ; D-Race ; dentin hypersensitivity ; desensitizing agents ; calcium phosphate ; hydroxyapatite ; nano-hydroxyapatite ; peri-implantitis ; periodontitis ; periapical radiograph ; deep learning ; neural networks ; image enhancement ; carious lesion activity ; irreversible pulpitis ; partial pulpotomy ; vital pulp therapy ; mineral trioxide aggregate ; furcation involvement ; image segmentation ; Gaussian high-pass filtering ; image preprocessing ; CNN ; calcium silicate material ; confocal laser scanning microscope ; deciduous tooth ; digital microscopy ; flowability ; micro-CT ; pulpectomy primary teeth ; root canal filling ; SEM ; zinc oxide eugenol ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The healthcare system’s ability to diagnose and care for people with schizophrenia has improved in recent decades, as effective pharmacological and psychosocial interventions are now available. However, schizophrenia remains a leading cause of disability and premature mortality. The utilization of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions in the healthcare system, which have the potential to significantly improve the quality of life for people with schizophrenia, heavily depends on medical professionals completing accurate and comprehensive assessments of patients’ psychopathologies, cognitive profiles, physical health statuses and any environmental factors that may influence them. This Special Issue reprint on schizophrenia, from the Journal of Clinical Medicine, presents a collection of articles on current approaches to assessment and treatment, as well as new findings and future perspectives of schizophrenia research and care.
    Keywords: schizophrenia ; ERP ; mismatch negativity ; MMN ; P3a ; illness duration ; real-life functioning ; motivation circuits ; negative symptoms ; RDoC ; positive valence system ; salience system ; deficit syndrome ; diagnosis ; cognitive function ; social skills training ; physical comorbidities ; childhood abuse ; internalized stigma ; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ; antipsychotics ; hypothyroidism ; inflammatory markers ; expressive deficits ; experiential deficits ; functioning ; quality of life ; first psychotic episode ; first episode ; emotional processing ; social cognition ; MCCB ; MSCEIT ; real-world studies ; real-world effectiveness ; tolerability ; treatment adherence ; second-generation antipsychotics ; long-acting injectable antipsychotics ; delusional disorders ; psychosis ; sex ; women ; psychopathology ; construct ; schizophrenia spectrum ; renaming ; rethinking ; revising ; effort expenditure ; recent-onset schizophrenia ; persistent negative symptoms ; motivation ; neuropeptide S ; cognitive functioning ; rehabilitation ; AEP ; QEEG ; switch ; extrapyramidal symptoms ; treatment ; cognitive deficits ; self-evaluation of negative symptoms ; health-related quality of life ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This Reprint Book provides recent studies addressing encapsulation systems for active compounds (e.g., drugs and food ingredients) to improve the quality of life around the world. The content may be helpful for the colleagues and students working on encapsulation of active compounds.
    Keywords: carboxymethyl chitosan ; mangosteen ; deodorant ; skin moisturizing ; trans-2-nonenal ; accelerated stability test ; guava ; carotenoids ; microencapsulation ; mucilage ; spray-drying ; aloe vera ; Opuntia ficus-indica ; ar-turmerone ; polymeric nanoparticles ; anticancer activity ; release study ; biodegradable polymers ; apple fiber ; trehalose ; sucrose ; blackberry phenolics ; blackberry volatiles ; starch ; Bisphenol A ; Moringa leaf extract ; encapsulating Moringa leaf extract ; nanoparticles ; alginate ; chitosan ; Ib-M peptides ; E. coli ; peptide stability ; polyethylene glycol methacrylate ; oregano ; phenolic compounds ; nanoencapsulation ; bioaccessibility ; curcumin ; zebrafish embryogenesis ; oxidative stress ; neuroprotection ; PCL nanoparticles ; paraquat ; grafted microparticles ; sodium hyaluronate ; crosslinked microparticles ; metronidazole adsorption ; adsorption isotherm ; adsorption kinetics ; metronidazole release ; polyelectrolyte ; complex coacervate ; polyamine ; stimulus-responsive materials ; controlled release ; encapsulation ; hybrids ; clay ; sodium alginate ; rosemary essential oil ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    Amsterdam University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The Netherlands played a remarkable role during the October War and the oil crisis of 1973. In secret, the Dutch government sent a substantial amount of ammunition and spare parts to Israel. The Dutch supported Israel also politically. Within the EC they vetoed a more pro-Arab policy. The Arab oil producing countries punished The Netherlands by imposing an oil embargo. The embargo against the Netherlands was intimidating. The Netherlands was dependent on Arab oil. The embargo seemed to threaten the Dutch position in the international oil sector. The government introduced several measures to reduce oil consumption. However, within two months it became clear that oil continued to arrive in Rotterdam. There was in fact no oil shortage in the Netherlands. The Netherlands even profited from the oil crisis. The energy situation in The Netherlands was much better than in other West European countries. The Dutch, therefore, rejected French plans for a more interventionist energy policy. Atlanticism and liberalism were the key words of the Dutch policy during the oil crisis. This book is the result of intensive research in all relevant Dutch archives. The authors had free access to all the files they wanted to see. They also used resources from other countries involved. Many politicians were interviewed. The result is a surprising analysis of the oil crisis of 1973, and of the Dutch role in particular. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPB Comparative politics
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    CLACSO
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: It is used to say that the first victim of a war is the truth. In fact, in a war in the strict sense or in a political war, the murder of the truth and the concealment of the facts occur profusely. It is not different in Brazil. Democracy was neither the first nor the only victim of the parliamentary coup (a.k.a. impeachment) in 2016. It was also the truth. Before the coup, and to justify it, anti-people and anti-national forces broadcasted, to exhaustion, a series of lies about the governments of the Workers Party (PT). The presentation of Dilma Rousseff
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; Latin American Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes::JPHV Political structures: democracy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
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  • 58
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Advancements in digital technologies are reshaping the world of dentistry, from prosthodontics to implant dentistry. Intraoral scanners, facial scanners, 3D printers, and milling machines have revolutionized the clinical approach and operative workflow in daily practice. However, digital dentistry brings several challenges to clinicians due to the rapid evolution of new technologies and the lack of evidence-based guidelines for their correct use. The aim of this Special Issue is to cover the latest advances in the development and application of digital technologies in prosthetic and implant dentistry. We wish to provide both clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive and up-to-date source of information on current trends, limitations, and potential future applications of digital technologies in daily clinical practice.
    Keywords: dental implants ; digital impression ; intraoral scanner ; CAD/CAM materials ; toothbrushing wear ; surface ; roughness ; surface integrity ; alveolar remodeling ; tooth extraction ; intraoral digital scanning ; imaging superimposition ; less traumatic surgery ; socket healing ; implantology ; computer-aided surgery ; image-guided surgery ; zygomatic implants ; navigation system ; dental implant ; bone level ; prospective study ; sub-crestal placement ; emergence profile ; guided surgery ; digital workflow ; stereolithographic surgical guide ; accuracy ; CAD–CAM ; DICOM–STL ; static guided surgery ; clinical study ; intraoral scanners ; digital dentistry ; impression techniques ; full-arch impression ; elderly population ; dimensional measurement accuracy ; implant scan ; operator ; precision ; scan area ; trueness ; occlusion ; overloading ; complications ; implant-supported restorations ; marginal bone loss ; oral implantology ; intraoral scan ; cone-beam computed tomography ; oral surgery ; emergence angle ; retrospective study ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The Department of Defense (DoD) has developed new sensor technologies to support U.S. forces in Iraq and Afghanistan; these technologies are potentially useful for counterdrug operations along the southern U.S. border, but there are legal questions regarding how they may be used and how sensor information may be shared between federal agencies in domestic operations. This report examines federal law and DoD policy to answer these questions.
    Keywords: History ; Technology ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHH African history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSD Diplomacy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare and social services::JKSW Emergency services::JKSW1 Police and security services ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Nearly 18 months later, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to present significant challenges to health systems, public health, and the economy of countries across both hemispheres. The morbidity and mortality of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been significant, and various waves of disease outbreaks initially overwhelmed hospitals and clinics in many countries and continue to do so. This influences everyone, and public health countermeasures have been dramatic in terms of their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health. This Special Issue collection follows on from the Special Issue “COVID-19: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives” and provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on the response to and our future global preparedness for COVID-19, as well as to disseminate critical information about SARS-CoV-2 and the associated COVID-19 pandemic.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; new-onset DM ; severe infection ; mortality ; outbreak ; P.1 variant ; Gamma variant ; SARS-CoV-2 infection ; whole-genome sequencing ; pandemic ; overweight ; obesity ; Peru ; psychological impacts ; public health ; preparedness ; mRNA-1273 ; BNT162b2 ; TAK-919 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; post-vaccination ; healthcare personnel ; vaccination ; asymptomatic infection ; HIV ; infectious disease ; excess mortality ; regdanvimab ; remdesivir ; severe ; community transmission ; population density gradient ; Dhaka ; Bangladesh ; dengue ; undifferentiated febrile illness ; antigen testing ; variants ; reinfections ; breakthrough infections ; vaccine hesitancy ; sub-Saharan Africa ; pulmonary fibrosis ; postacute COVID-19 syndrome ; tuberculosis ; helminth coinfection ; coronavirus ; coordination ; health operations and technical expertise ; AFRO ; diarrhea ; liver ; pancreas ; inflammatory bowel diseases ; liver transplantation ; reproduction rate ; phylogenetic analysis ; clade GK ; D614G ; P681R ; cross-reactivity ; haemorrhage ; thrombocytopenia ; thrombosis ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) ; molecular diagnostics ; real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) ; economy ; income levels ; waves ; policy ; turning points ; occupational exposure ; risk factors ; personal protective equipment ; SIR model ; socio-behavioral aspects ; interaction distance ; school reopening strategy ; self-medication ; over-the-counter ; medicine use ; Pakistan ; clinical features ; Luanda ; Angola ; socioeconomic status ; risk perception ; risk prevention practices ; qualitative ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: U.S.-Turkish relations, long a vital element of U.S. policy, have seriously deteriorated in recent years. However, the arrival of a new U.S. administration offers an opportunity to repair recent fissures. Priority should be given to harmonizing policy toward Iraq and the Middle East as well as Central Asia and the Caucasus.
    Keywords: Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This reprint focuses on both advanced metals and their alloys and the areas of physical and process metallurgy, materials science, and processing techniques. Specific areas of interest also include titanium/nickel-based superalloys, intermetallics, advanced metallic materials, nanomaterials, metal matrix composites, functional materials, related synthesis and processing techniques, finite element modelling, statistical analysis, physical/mechanical property characterization, experimental validation, and other relevant phenomena. Physical metallurgy is important in the design and optimization of advanced materials with superior physical and mechanical properties through microstructural modifications and processing techniques. The goal of reprint was to bring together recent progress, novel technologies, and advanced equipment for the design and development of advanced metals and alloys and provide guidelines/benchmarks for further research in related areas. Composites, intermetallics, and nanomaterials as well as functional materials will be also included. Some of the recent advances in the field of advanced metals and alloys include novel material processing techniques, manufacturing methods and theories, microstructural characterization, modelling development, and advanced equipment. Conventional and nonconventional processes related to machining, forming, laser processing, additive/subtractive manufacturing, surface modification, and the solidification of high-performance alloys/metals are also included.
    Keywords: Fe-rich Al–Si alloy ; β-Al5FeSi phase ; cooling rate ; melt spinning ; microstructure ; strengthening mechanisms ; Zn-Mg-Ti alloy ; biodegradable metals ; mechanical properties ; cytotoxicity ; Fe-B-W alloy ; manganese ; aluminum ; molten zinc ; microanalysis ; corrosion ; hydrogenated–dehydrogenated titanium powder ; laser directed energy deposition ; mechanical property ; radio frequency plasma technique ; high entropy alloy ; bulk metallic glass ; similar element substitution/addition ; glass forming ability ; lattice distortion ; sapphire ; surface metallization ; deposition mechanism ; wettability ; low-temperature joining ; silver alloy bonding wire ; bonding strength ; vulcanization resistance ; cathodic passivation ; Mg–Nd alloy ; precipitate ; eutectic growth ; modelling and simulation ; recrystallization ; microstructure-property characterization simulation and modeling ; heat treatment and surface treatment ; TC4 alloy ; EBCHM ; aging treatment ; glass-forming ability ; corrosion behavior ; amorphous alloy ; phase transformation ; mechanical behavior ; corrosion wear resistance ; gear grinding ; white layer ; grinding temperature ; surface integrity ; AlSi10Mg alloy ; friction stir processing ; grain boundary ; texture ; dynamic recrystallization ; silver wire ; wire bonding ; chloride ions ; ion migration ; galvanic corrosion ; Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloys ; grain size ; solution treatment ; microalloying ; microstructural evolution ; laser-powder bed fusion ; MgAl2O4 ; TiB2 ; metallothermic reduction ; SHS powder metallurgy ; combustion wave propagation ; HSLA steel ; microstructural characterization ; laser welding ; thick plate ; corrosion resistance ; high entropy alloys ; lightweight ; magnesium alloys ; ultrasound treatment ; solution ; aging ; Mg17Al12 ; converter ; vortex ; flow field analysis ; numerical simulation ; steel ball ; skew rolling ; cold forming ; stainless steel ; copper–scandium CuSc ; copper alloy ; differential scanning calorimetry DSC ; precipitation kinetics ; cold-working ; cold-rolling ; activation energy ; Kissinger method ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This Special Issue covers manufacturing of a smart polymer composites via choice of ingredients, such as polymer, filler, and additives, as well as their unique composition. It also covers the smart processing of polymer composites, which is influenced by the choice of mixers, processing condition, processing technique, etc.
    Keywords: thermoplastic polyurethane ; expanded bead ; supercritical CO2 foaming ; expansion ratio ; resilience ; hardness ; poly(lactic acid) ; lignin ; maleic anhydride ; chemical modification ; 3D printing filament ; SEBS ; membrane ; water uptake ; impedance spectroscopy ; ionic conductivity ; phlogopite ; natural rubber (NR) ; ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber (EPDM) ; mechanical properties ; compatibility ; nylon 6 ; polyketone ; chain extender ; hydrogen bonding ; chain branching ; chain crosslinking ; melt viscosity ; shape memory polymer ; NIR light responsive ; semicrystalline maleated polyolefin elastomer ; polyaniline ; melt blending ; adhesive ; fluorosilicone ; thermal conductivity ; magnesium oxide ; boron nitride ; syntactic foams ; hyperbranched polymer ; polyamide 6 ; hollow glass microsphere ; lubricant ; compatibilizer ; composites ; silica ; silane ; hydrolysis ; interfacial adhesion ; zinc mechanism ; hybrid flame retardant materials ; influence of gypsum ; minimum total heat release ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders and is characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from abnormal neuronal excitability in the central nervous system. Despite the availability of thirty-six antiseizure medications, about one-third of patients with epilepsy do not respond to the pharmacological treatment and develop a so-called “pharmaco-resistant epilepsy” or “refractory epilepsy.” Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel, effective therapies based on novel mechanisms underlying neuronal excitability that leads to seizures. This reprint’s original research papers and review articles highlight unknown mechanisms underlying pharmaco-resistant resistant epilepsy, epileptogenesis, and seizure suppression.
    Keywords: 3CAI ; GRIA1 ; GRIA2 ; intractable epilepsy ; PICK1 ; protein kinase C ; pericytes ; mural cells ; cytokine ; blood-brain barrier ; neuroinflammation ; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 ; AKT ; cyclosporin A ; GluA1 ; GluR1 ; PDK1 ; refractory seizure ; temporal lobe epilepsy ; hippocampus ; 4-aminopyridine ; epilepsy model ; long-term potentiation ; AMPA receptor ; audiogenic epilepsy ; rodents ; fear reaction ; behavior genetics ; c-Fos ; early gene activation ; epileptogenesis ; lipopolysaccharide ; pentylenetetrazole ; post-traumatic epilepsy ; seizure susceptibility ; traumatic brain injury ; epilepsy ; ghrelin ; ghrelin receptor ; anxiety ; TRPV1 channels ; neuronal activity ; neuropsychiatric comorbidity ; immunofluorescence ; audiogenic kindling ; acoustically evoked seizures ; EACT ; generalized tonic-clonic seizures ; inherited epilepsy ; TMEM1A channels ; wild running seizures ; astrocyte ; ML365 ; pharmacoresistant epilepsy ; cortical atrophy ; hippocampal atrophy ; intracerebral electrode ; magnetic resonance imaging ; posttraumatic epilepsy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    University of Hawai'i Press
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Farmers in the Forest, while using examples chiefly from northern Thailand, is concerned with complex problems found in all tropical countries. In these areas rapid population growth, increasing demands for food, and burgeoning international markets for forest products and other raw materials are associated with active competition for land and natural resources in upland areas. This book brings together studies by administrators, agronomists, anthropologists, forest ecologists, geographers and jurists, who describe a variety of swidden systems and their effect on soil, forest, society, and economy. They point to conflicts between traditional farming systems and modern legal and administrative constraints now being imposed, and they describe special and technological conditions that contribute to a marginal, stagnant upland economy, increasing socio-economic disparities with the lowlands, and the serious ecological consequences of these conditions. Several possible solutions are suggested to solve these problems.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Anthropology ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    Amsterdam University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: A Continent Moving West? argues that the conceptualization of migration as a one-way or long-term process is becoming increasingly wide of the mark. Rather, east-west labor migration in Europe, in common perhaps with other flows in and from other parts of the world, is diverse, fluid, and influenced by the dynamics of local and sector-specific labor markets and migration-related political regulations. The papers in this book contribute to critical understanding of the east-west migration within the European Union after the 2004 enlargement, from the new to the old member states.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: As recent events in Iraq demonstrate, countries that have suffered civil war or rule by military regime can face a long, difficult transition to peaceful democracy. Drawing on the experiences of Bosnia, Haiti, Rwanda and Afghanistan, this outstanding volume demonstrates that newly emerging democracies need more than emergency economic support: restoring the rule of law can involve the training of a new police force, for example, or the creation of an international war crimes tribunal. Concluding with specific recommendations for the UN and EU members,Voorhoeve reminds us that disregard for human rights or delay in civilian reconciliation can lead to resurgences of violence. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPB Comparative politics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: This book examines the Army's role in the war on terrorism; the Army's homeland security needs; the implications of increased emphasis on Asia; the Army's role in coalition operations; the unfinished business of jointness-the lessons learned from operations and how to prepare for the future; the Army's deployability, logistical, and personnel challenges; and whether the Army can afford its Transformation. These examinations are bracketed by an introduction, a description of the Army's place in the new national security strategy, and a summary of the authors' conclusions.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: California’s Juvenile Justice Crime Prevention Act provides funds for counties to offer evidence-based programs for high-need juvenile probationers and at-risk youth. This report, based on the annual report to the state legislature, outlines the program’s success for six outcome measures (completion of probation, restitution, and community service; arrests; probation violations; and incarcerations) and county-required supplemental outcomes.
    Keywords: Law ; History ; Political Science ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNF Criminal law: procedure and offences::LNFQ Juvenile criminal law ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare and social services::JKSW Emergency services::JKSW1 Police and security services ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKV Crime and criminology
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Drawing from 140 recently declassified documents, this report comprehensively examines the organization, territorial designs, management, personnel policies, and finances of the Islamic State of Iraq (ISI) and al-Qa‘ida in Iraq. Analysis of the Islamic State predecessor groups is more than a historical recounting. It provides significant understanding of how ISI evolved into the present-day Islamic State and how to combat the group.
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPW Political activism / Political engagement::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: On September 11, 2001, the United States was without a plan for military operations in Afghanistan. One was quickly created by the Defense Department and operations began October 7. The Taliban was toppled in less than two months. This report describes preparations at CENTCOM and elsewhere, Army operations and support activities, building a coalition, and civil-military operations in Afghanistan from October 2001 through June 2002.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Currently, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is the most complex and challenging disease known to humankind. Due to the complex underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis, as well as the intrinsic limitations of conventional cancer therapies, the effective treatment of cancer remains a great challenge. Novel therapeutic strategies with superior anticancer ability urgently need to be discovered. In recent years, nano-drug delivery systems have been extensively investigated and applied as alternatives to conventional cancer treatments. Cancer nanomedicines aim to achieve the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumor site, utilizing strategies such as passive targeting, active targeting and stimuli-triggered drug release, while simultaneously decreasing drug accumulation in normal tissues, which together lead to improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects. Currently, several cancer nanomedicines are in regular use, and several others are in various stages of development.This Special Issue will highlight recent progress in the development of novel nanomedicines and targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy.
    Keywords: graphene quantum dot ; targeted drug delivery ; photothermal therapy ; chemo-therapy ; polymeric prodrug ; theranostic nanocomplex ; pH-triggering releasing ; magnetic targeting ; magnetic hyperthermia ; magnetic resonance imaging ; docetaxel ; adenosine receptors ; PLGA ; nanoparticles ; lung cancer ; Notch signaling ; RBPJ protein ; drug repurposing ; fidaxomicin ; acarbose ; schaftoside ; breast cancer ; experimental skin cancer ; entrapment efficacy ; ethosomes ; metformin ; in vitro permeation ; zeta potential ; sesamol ; albumin nanoparticles ; doxorubicin ; oxidative stress ; antioxidants ; tumor-derived membrane vesicles ; cancer therapy ; tumor vaccine ; personalized immunotherapy ; low-density lipoprotein ; nanoparticle ; tumor microenvironment-responsive ; magnetic nanofluid ; improved magnetic resonance imaging ; neutral-responsive Fenton reaction ; enhanced chemodynamic therapy ; brain targeting ; folate receptor ; glioma cancer ; erlotinib ; blood–brain barrier ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2023-09-12
    Description: Transition Engineering: Building a Sustainable Future examines new strategies emerging in response to the mega-issues of global climate change, decline in world oil supply, scarcity of key industrial minerals, and local environmental constraints. These issues pose challenges for organizations, businesses, and communities, and engineers will need to begin developing ideas and projects to implement the transition of engineered systems. This work presents a methodology for shifting away from unsustainable activities. Teaching the Transition Engineering approach and methodology is the focus of the text, and the concept is presented in a way that engineers can begin applying it in their work.
    Keywords: building life-cycle cost analysis;energy policies;environmental costs;global climate change;input-output analysis;local environmental constraints;resource management;sustainability;transition engineering;world oil supply ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNK Conservation of the environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RP Regional & area planning::RPC Urban & municipal planning ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TG Mechanical engineering & materials::TGB Mechanical engineering
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Processing and Conversion of Oil and Gas: Modeling, Control, Simulation, and Optimization describes the core of the activity of petrochemical engineers, process controller engineers, industrial engineers, energy engineers, and researchers in the oil and gas field. This reprint explores the modeling, control, simulation, and optimization of new and revamped petrochemical processes using proven software. Thus, it offers novel illustrative examples, prospective applications, and solutions to improve these processes. This reprint aims to combine theoretical principles with examples modeled by commonly used simulation software employing steady-state or dynamic process simulation. Furthermore, applying numerical methods and optimization at both the theoretical and practical levels is within the scope of this reprint.
    Keywords: jet stability ; swirl ; twist ; dominant mode ; Brassica Napus ; fatty acid methyl esters ; 2-Ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol ; viscosity ; batch reactor ; kinetics ; self-excited oscillation pulse jet ; nozzle ; large eddy simulation ; peak velocity ; cavitation number ; coal tar ; wash oil ; nitrogen-containing compounds ; indole ; formamide equilibrium extraction ; price bubbles ; bubble length ; petroleum products ; GSADF ; Pakistan ; pipeline safety ; risk classification ; pipeline failure ; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process ; pipeline risk assessment ; shale gas pipelines ; pressure gradient ; gas–liquid two-phase flow ; flow patterns ; Generalized Additive Model ; dimensionless numbers ; discrete element method ; optimal design ; simulation analysis ; anti-corrosion pill particles ; butyl acetate ; acetic acid ; n-butanol ; esterification ; membrane reactor ; reactive distillation ; amberlyst-15 catalyst ; energy efficiency ; economic evaluation ; methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) ; acetone self-condensation ; selective hydrogenation ; process development ; heat integration ; economic analysis ; nano-Pd/nano-ZnCr2O4 catalyst ; dimethyl carbonate ; dimethyl oxalate ; oxidative carbonylation ; azeotropic distillation ; profitability analysis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The Special Issue “Demand Response in Smart Grids” includes 11 papers on a variety of topics. The success of this Special Issue demonstrates the relevance of demand response programs and events in the operation of power and energy systems at both the distribution level and at the wide power system level. This reprint addresses the design, implementation, and operation of demand response programs, with focus on methods and techniques to achieve an optimized operation as well as on the electricity consumer.
    Keywords: demand response ; population evolution ; irrational behavior ; Markov state ; non-cooperative game ; solid electric thermal storage ; cyber–physical model ; K-means ; support vector machine ; neural network ; data analysis ; demand response (DR), load profile clustering ; k-means ; targeting of customer ; aggregator ; ramp period ; real-time simulation ; multi-objective optimization ; social welfare metrics ; energy allocation ; load disaggregation ; percentage total harmonic distortion and non-intrusive identification of load pattern ; charging strategy ; optimization ; electricity pricing ; electric vehicle ; flexibility ; flexibility market ; home energy management system ; energy flexibility ; industrial energy management ; demand side management ; control approaches ; energy management ; optimization method ; objective function ; control constraints ; Demand Response ; dynamic thermal rating ; hosting capacity ; transformer ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    University of New Orleans Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This volume celebrates the study of Austria in the twentieth century by historians, political scientists and social scientists produced in the previous twenty-four volumes of Contemporary Austrian Studies. One contributor from each of the previous volumes has been asked to update the state of scholarship in the field addressed in the respective volume. The title Austrian Studies Today, then, attempts to reflect the state of the art of historical and social science related studies of Austria over the past century, without claiming to be comprehensive. The volume thus covers many important themes of Austrian contemporary history and politics since the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy in 1918―from World War I and its legacies, to the rise of authoritarian regimes in the 1930s and 1940s, to the reconstruction of republican Austria after World War II, the years of Grand Coalition governments and the Kreisky era, all the way to Austria joining the European Union in 1995 and its impact on Austria's international status and domestic politics.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; European Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: In this reprint, state-of-the-art research and review articles on emerging material systems for additive manufacturing (AM) are collected, with a focus on the process–structure–properties relationships. Additive manufacturing (AM) has grown and evolved rapidly in recent years. There are many exciting research and translational works in many areas of application, such as biomedical, aerospace and electronics. These advancements are typically coupled with materials development, which has resulted in more functionalities added to 3D-printed parts, such as multi-material fabrications and integration with machine learning or digital twins. Such enhancements in functionalities have enabled the evolution of AM from a rapid prototyping tool to an actual manufacturing solution. In this reprint, two reviews and thirteen original research articles are included to highlight the latest development in the field of materials science for AM.
    Keywords: titanium scaffolds ; 3D printing ; pore design ; selective laser melting ; lattice structures ; torsion ; design ; additive manufacturing ; functionally gradient lattice ; torsional stiffness ; energy absorption ; failure behavior ; ferritic steel ; heat treatment ; SLM ; nuclear application ; laser powder bed fusion ; solidification crack ; hot crack ; aluminum alloy powder ; EN AW-5083 ; AA5083 ; AlSi10Mg ; powder bed fusion ; metal matrix composites ; laser powder-bed fusion ; aluminum alloys ; reinforcement ; ceramic particulates ; grain refinement ; crystallographic texture ; mechanical properties ; laser-directed energy deposition ; melt pool ; process maps ; multi-fidelity Gaussian process ; Bayesian Optimization ; uncertainty quantification ; K418 alloy ; orientation ; phase ; microhardness ; color 3D printing ; penetration depth ; chromaticity ; image-based metric ; color reproduction ; Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn ; titanium alloy ; biomedical engineering ; microstructure ; X-ray diffraction ; directed energy deposition ; shape-memory alloys ; joining of metals ; elemental powders ; 3D concrete printing (3DCP) ; hybrids ; geopolymer ; frost resistance ; UV radiation ; thermal conductivity ; surface finishing ; physical vapor deposition ; composites ; recycling ; polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) ; direct ink writing ; liquid deposition modeling ; glass fibers ; stainless steel ; AISI 316L ; AISI 630 (17-4PH) ; AISI 420 ; AISI 440C ; carbon content ; online monitoring ; electron beam melting ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: In the face of Islam's own internal struggles, it is not easy to see who we should support and how. This report provides detailed descriptions of subgroups, their stands on various issues, and what those stands may mean for the West. Since the outcomes can matter greatly to international community, that community might wish to influence them by providing support to appropriate actors. The author recommends a mixed approach of providing specific types of support to those who can influence the outcomes in desirable ways.
    Keywords: Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Personalized medicine for Parkinson’s disease is a growing and emerging concept in light of recent recognition that Parkinson’s is a syndromic condition affecting multiple neurotransmitter systems, as well as brain and extracranial structures. The clinical expression is, thus, heterogeneous, and presentation age can range from the 30s to the 90s, with PD in older patients being associated with significant neuropathological comorbidity as well, involving not just misfolded alpha synuclein deposition but also amyloid and tau. Traditional and largely guideline-driven “one size fits all” management strategies adopted in clinical practice are, therefore, often inadequate in holistic management of a patient, particularly when aspects of motor and nonmotor symptoms are taken into consideration. In this supplement of JPM, we present a selection of papers which address several possible strands of personalized medicine in PD, ranging from genomic precision medicine to digital “checklists” to ensure delivery of holistic personalized medicine involving nonpharmacological strategies, as well. We are soliciting any papers addressing biomarkers, genetics and pharmacogenetics, treatment or complementary therapies for personalized or individualized treatment for PD.
    Keywords: Parkinson’s disease ; movement disorders ; periodontitis ; periodontal disease ; hematologic tests ; Vitamin D ; oral health ; Parkinson’s Disease ; cognition ; GABAergic signaling ; cerebellum ; MRS ; response inhibition ; non-motor symptoms ; carer stress ; older persons with Parkinson’s disease ; education ; lifestyle behaviours ; diet ; cross-sectional ; population study ; neurological disorders ; precision medicine ; genetics ; clinical trials ; Parkinson’s disease (PD) ; cognitive rehabilitation ; intervention ; deep brain stimulation ; levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel ; apomorphine ; radiofrequency ; focused ultrasound ; induced pluripotent stem cells ; cell therapy ; gene therapy ; personalized medicine ; advanced Parkinson’s disease (APD) ; apomorphine subcutaneous infusion therapy ; pain ; intrajejunal ; levodopa ; motor and non-motor symptoms ; PKG (KinetiGrap) ; rehabilitation ; device-aided therapies ; personalised medicine ; Alzheimer’s disease ; clinical trial ; impulsive-compulsive disorders (ICD) ; dopaminergic therapy ; genetic markers ; pharmacogenetic ; polymorphisms ; insomnia ; sleep quality ; assessment ; young onset Parkinson’s (YOPD) ; Emiratis ; expatriate ; genetic ; epigenetics ; societal impact ; device aided therapies ; quality of life ; non motor symptoms ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: In the urological sphere, the number of tumor malignancies caused by cancer is continuously growing in Western countries. Although this is mainly due to the contemporary increase in the life expectancy of people in these geographic areas, many other factors are also contributing to this growth. Urological cancer is a complex and varied disease which affects different organs and mainly affects the male population. In fact, in most statistics, kidney, prostate, and bladder cancer are regularly included in the top-ten list of the most frequent neoplasms in males. The female population, however, has also been increasingly affected by renal and bladder cancer in the last decade. From these facts, it is clear that urological cancer is a problem of major concern in developed societies. This Topic Issue of Cancers intends to shed some light on the complexity of this field and will consider all useful and appropriate contributions from scientists and clinicians in order to improve urological cancer knowledge for patients’ benefit.
    Keywords: high-risk prostate cancer ; androgen receptor axis ; castration resistance ; neuroendocrine carcinoma ; PARP inhibition ; immunotherapy ; cancer genome ; precision targeting ; robot-assisted partial nephrectomy ; renal cell carcinoma ; indocyanine green ; nephron sparing ; prostate cancer survivors ; follow-up care ; primary health care ; general practice ; process evaluation ; Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research ; prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography ; multiparametric magnetic-resonance imaging ; primary diagnosis ; prostate cancer ; systematic review ; diagnosis ; PSMA ; PSA ; tumor ; PET scan ; bladder cancer ; bisphenol A ; bisphenol S ; energy metabolism ; migration ; proliferation ; carbon-ion radiotherapy ; elderly patients ; radiotherapy ; particle beam therapy ; life expectancy ; systemic immune-inflammation index ; Charlson comorbidity index ; CAPRA-S ; early survival ; male incontinence ; robotic prostatectomy ; clear cell renal cell carcinoma ; ferroptosis ; prognostic model ; TCGA ; E-MTAB-1980 ; GLS2 ; pazopanib ; real-world data ; non-interventional study ; time on drug ; nivolumab ; everolimus ; trial-eligibility ; ureteral neoplasms ; urinary bladder neoplasms ; ureteroscopy ; CNTF ; CNTFRα ; LNCaP ; 22Rv1 ; castration resistant ; castration sensitive ; STAT3 ; ERK ; MMP ; biomarker ; Gleason grade ; transforming growth factor-β family ; activin ; INHBA ; INHBB ; INHBC ; prostate-specific antigen ; false-positive results ; real world-data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2023-09-05
    Description: Following the success of the first, second and third volumes of this series, we are keen to continue our discussions on research topics related to the fields of food science, intelligent systems, molecular biomedicine, water science, and creation and theories of culture. Our aims are to discuss the latest topics, theories, and research methods in each of these fields, to promote debate among top researchers and graduate students and, in the process, to generate collaborative work.
    Keywords: bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Freedom of movement (FoM) is the actual or perceived degree to which individuals or groups can move from place to place within a given environment or into and out of that environment. Focusing specifically on Afghanistan, this examination considers actual and perceived FoM for a range of groups and profiles the factors that influence them and affect data reporting in potentially misleading ways.
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSH Espionage and secret services ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This book examines the strategic choices that American and Chinese decisionmakers face regarding sea power in the Western Pacific, shaped by geography, history, technology, and politics. In particular, the author explores the potential for cooperation on maritime security in the Western Pacific, and how the United States might pursue such cooperation as part of a broader strategy to advance its interests in the region.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWC Military forces and sectors::JWCK Naval forces and warfare ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations
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    African Sun Media | Sun Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: At the time of his death in August 2012 Neville Alexander was undoubtedly one of South Africa’s foremost proponents of the philosophy of non-racialism. He had devoted his life to fighting against the evils of racism, sexism and economic injustice. He understood how these social realities not only divided but also ranked human beings in terms of human worth and value. He saw how these realities diminished the whole society, both the perpetrators and victims. And so he gave over his life as a scholar and a political activist to challenging these realities. This volume brings together the reflections of a group of activists and scholars on the significance of Neville Alexander to the cause of freedom and justice in South Africa. The reflections are essentially the keynote speeches and the responses to them that were made at a conference in Alexander’s honour held at the Centre for Non-Racialism and Democracy at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University in July 2013.
    Keywords: Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes::JPHV Political structures: democracy
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    Fordham University Press
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Okinawan life, at the crossroads of American militarism and Japanese capitalism, embodies a fundamental contradiction to the myth of the monoethnic state. Suspended in a state of exception, Okinawans have never been officially classified as colonial subjects of the Japanese empire or the United States, nor have they ever been treated as equal citizens of Japan. As a result, they live amid one of the densest concentrations of U.S. military bases in the world. By bringing Foucauldian biopolitics into conversation with Japanese Marxian theorizations of capitalism, Alegal uncovers Japan's determination to protect its middle class from the racialized sexual contact around its mainland bases by displacing them onto Okinawa, while simultaneously upholding Okinawa as a symbol of the infringement of Japanese sovereignty figured in terms of a patriarchal monoethnic state. This symbolism, however, has provoked ambivalence within Okinawa. In base towns that facilitated encounters between G.I.s and Okinawan women, the racial politics of the United States collided with the postcolonial politics of the Asia Pacific. Through close readings of poetry, reportage, film, and memoir on base-town life since 1945, Shimabuku traces a continuing failure to "become Japanese." What she discerns instead is a complex politics surrounding sex work, tipping with volatility along the razor's edge between insurgency and collaboration. At stake in sovereign power's attempt to secure Okinawa as a military fortress was the need to contain alegality itself-that is, a life force irreducible to the legal order. If biopolitics is the state's attempt to monopolize life, then Alegal is a story about how borderland actors reclaimed the power of life for themselves. In addition to scholars of Japan and Okinawa, this book is essential reading for anyone interested in postcolonialism, militarism, mixed-race studies, gender and sexuality, or the production of sovereignty in the modern world. Alegal is available from the publisher on an open-access basis.
    Keywords: Sociology ; History ; Asian Studies ; Political Science ; Language & Literature ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSL Ethnic studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJF Asian history ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBT History: specific events & topics::HBTQ Colonialism & imperialism ; bic Book Industry Communication::D Literature & literary studies::DS Literature: history & criticism::DSA Literary theory
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The United Kingdom Ministry of Defence's Fixed Wing Sector Strategy Board commissioned RAND Europe to assist in the development of a strategy and sustainment plan for the military fixed wing sector. RAND focused on the health and sustainment of key skills in the sector's industrial base. This monograph describes the qualitative and quantitative methodologies that the RAND team followed and summarises its findings and recommendations.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Business ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCS Economic systems & structures ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Virtual and augmented reality technology has seen tremendous progress in recent years, enabling novel and exciting ways to interact inside virtual environments. An interesting approach to interaction in VR and AR is the use of tangible user interfaces, which leverage on our natural understanding of the physical world and how our bodies move and interact with it, and on our learned capabilities to manipulate physical objects.For this Special Issue, we are interested in gathering research that bridges atoms and bits in virtual and augmented environments. Basic research papers that demonstrate new interaction technologies or techniques, descriptions of applications that use tangibles in VR/AR in any domain, and survey papers that can help structure and systematize current knowledge on this area are all suitable.
    Keywords: virtual reality ; haptic feedback ; tactile sensation ; sound source localization ; deaf and hard-of-hearing ; visual positioning system ; convolutional neural network ; three-dimensional object pose estimation ; voxel ; perspective-n-point ; digital taste ; galvanic taste stimulation ; taste augmentation ; mulsemedia ; taste modulation ; augmented reality ; PCNL ; simulation ; surgical rehearsal ; surgery ; immersive environment ; cognitive impairment ; physical disability ; unity ; rehabilitation ; intention prediction ; gaze-based interaction ; laparoscopic AR navigation ; liver surgery ; 3D image registration method ; point cloud registration ; collaborative robotics ; acceptability ; uncanny valley ; user experience ; extended reality ; artificial intelligence ; classification ; control ; motor rehabilitation ; prosthesis ; stroke ; surface electromyography signals ; user interface ; pseudo-haptic ; human-centered computing ; mixed and augmented reality ; game-based learning ; fantasy ; situated learning ; serious game ; embodied interaction ; data visualization ; node-link diagram ; immersive communication ; VR conference room ; panoramic live broadcast ; spatial audio ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: While security budgets shrink, passenger loads grow, and hostility towards security procedures increases, terrorist groups such as al Qaeda remain obsessed with attacking airplanes. In the face of these challenges and real, innovative threats, the author proposes a mechanism for conducting an independent re-examination of the strategy behind current aviation security policies and procedures—before disaster strikes.
    Keywords: Transportation Studies ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNG Transport industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGM Aircraft: general interest
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Deterrence of nuclear use through the threat of retaliation could be highly problematic in many plausible conflict scenarios with nuclear-armed regional adversaries. This could compel U.S. leaders to temper their military and political objectives if they come into conflict with these states. This book examines the reasons behind this important shift in the international security environment and its strategic and force planning implications.
    Keywords: Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPV Political control and freedoms
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2023-11-16
    Description: Brexit is a tale of two unions, not one: the British and the European unions. Their origins are different, but both struggle to maintain unity in diversity and both have to face the challenge of populism and claims of democratic deficit. Mark Corner suggests that the »four nations« that make up the UK can only survive as part of a single nation-state, if the country looks more sympathetically at the very European structures from which it has chosen to detach itself. This study addresses both academic and lay audiences interested in the current situation of the UK, particularly the strains raised by devolution and Brexit.
    Keywords: Brexit ; Constitution ; European Union ; Politics ; Europe ; Cultural History ; International Relations ; European Politics ; Democracy ; Political System ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations::JPSN International institutions::JPSN2 EU & European institutions ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPH Political structure & processes::JPHV Political structures: democracy
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    Edinburgh University Press | Edinburgh University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: A wide range of actors have publicly identified cyber stability as a key policy goal but the meaning of stability in the context of cyber policy remains vague and contested. Vague because most policymakers and experts do not define cyber stability when they use the concept. Contested because they propose measures that rely – often implicitly – on divergent understandings of cyber stability. This volume is a thorough investigation of instability within cyberspace and of cyberspace itself. Its purpose is to reconceptualise stability and instability for cyberspace, highlight their various dimensions and thereby identify relevant policy measures. This book critically examines both ‘classic’ notions associated with stability – for example, whether cyber operations can lead to unwanted escalation – as well as topics that have so far not been addressed in the existing cyber literature, such as the application of a decolonial lens to investigate Euro-American conceptualisations of stability in cyberspace.
    Keywords: Political Science ; International Relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations
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    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Congress enacted the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) in 2002, in response to terrorism insurance becoming unavailable or extremely costly in the wake of the 9/11 attacks. TRIA is set to expire at the end of 2014, and Congress is considering the appropriate government role in terrorism insurance markets. This policy brief examines the potential national security implications of allowing TRIA to expire.
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; Business ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KF Finance & accounting::KFF Finance::KFFN Insurance & actuarial studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJK History of the Americas ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Global cancer incidence and death are expected to increase in the next decades. Inappropriate therapeutic regimens and tumor recurrence due to the development of drug resistance are two major clinical challenges impacting poor patient outcomes, which is critical to the discovery and development of new anticancer drugs. Over the last few decades, the marine environment has proved to be a key source of molecules with potent anticancer properties. The Special Issue, “Marine Natural Products as Anticancer Agents 2.0”, gathered eleven publications, including two reviews and nine research articles, about the anticancer activities of marine natural and/or derived products on in vitro 2D and 3D cellular models, and/or in vivo models of colorectal, breast, lung, myeloma, liver, leukemia, and melanoma cancers. Altogether, the eleven scientific papers published in this Special Issue provide an exciting overview of marine natural products as potential anticancer agents.
    Keywords: Clavatadine C ; spirocyclic bromotyrosines ; cytotoxicity ; cancer selectivity ; marine compounds ; melanoma A-375 cell line ; Sarcophyton convolutum ; sarcoconvolutum A–E ; cembrenoids ; anti-angiogenesis ; bromophenols ; tube formation ; vasculogenic mimicry ; brefeldin A ; ester derivative ; chronic myelogenous leukemia ; BCR-ABL ; proliferation inhibition ; molecular modeling ; 5-O-(N-Boc-l-alanine)-renieramycin T ; Xestospongia sp. ; marine sponge ; lung cancer ; anti-cancer ; cancer stem cells ; apoptosis ; Akt ; c-Myc ; migrastatics ; cell migration ; cell invasion ; metastasis ; terpenes ; algae ; marine natural products ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; oxidative stress ; anticancer ; Sphaerococcus coronopifolius ; seaweed ; Laminaria japonica ; Laminaria japonica peptides ; cancer ; liver ; cell cycle ; porphyrin ; Isabela ; hemin ; X-ray diffraction ; NOESY NMR ; cytotoxic ; colorectal cancer ; 5-fluorouracil ; 7S,15R-dihydroxy-16S,17S-epoxy-docosapentaenoic acid ; tumor-associated macrophages ; chemoresistance ; fucoidan ; immunopotentiation ; immunomodulatory ; immunotherapy ; cancer treatment ; cytokines ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    Pluto Books
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: @ is For Activism examines the transformation of politics through digital media, including digital television, online social networking and mobile computing. Joss Hands maps out how political relationships have been reconfigured and new modes of cooperation, deliberation and representation have emerged. This analysis is applied to the organisation and practice of alternative politics, showing how they have developed and embraced the new political and technological environment. Hands offers a comprehensive critical survey of existing literature, as well as an original perspective on networks and political change. He includes many case studies including the anti-war and global justice movements, peer production, user created TV and 'Twitter' activism. @ is For Activism is essential for activists and students of politics and media.
    Keywords: Computer Science ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UT Computer networking and communications ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPW Political activism / Political engagement
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: American geopolitical interests and the potential threats to those interests are both on the rise in East Africa. The author places the spread of militant Islamism and the development of radical Islamist networks in East Africa in the broader context of the social, economic, and political factors that have shaped the region's security environment.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The aim of this Special Issue is to gather recent advances and development in target tracking techniques to determine how they can be adapted for modern radar and sonar systems. After peer review, 17 articles in related areas have been accepted for publishing in this Special Issue. The published articles cover a range of topics and applications central to target tracking. There are eight papers about general multi-target tracking, including the topics of joint tracking and classification [3], adaptive estimation using clutter measurement probability [6], joint localization and tracking [7], extended target tracking [8], tracking with smoothing [11], DOA tracking [12], tracking under low detection probability [14], and sonar tracking and interception [17]. Three papers address multi-sensor multi-target tracking methods. Specifically, a multi-target estimating method for pulsed radar systems is proposed in [2], a joint dwell time and bandwidth optimization method in a radar network is proposed in [4], a and multiple marine ship tracking method with unknown backgrounds is presented in [9]. There are 2 papers [10,15] on the problem of target assignment in multi-sensor multi-target tracking. Moreover, Mallick et al. considered measures of nonlinearity of a polynomial curve in two dimensions [1], Zhao et al. explored the use of calibration targets for which the positions are known to the MPR system, to counter the loss in target localization accuracy arising from transmitter/receiver position errors [13], and Li et al. proposed an algorithm to apply the frequency diversity technique to passive azimuth estimation in [16].
    Keywords: Target tracking ; target detection ; radar system ; sonar system ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Language: English
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  • 97
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2023-11-17
    Description: How do conflicts escalate? This is one of the major questions in conflict research. To offer further answers, Richard Bösch follows a tripartite agenda: First, he develops a constructivist methodology for the study of conflict escalation embedded in a Luhmannian systems theoretical world society perspective. Bösch argues that conflicts can be observed as social systems and he looks at the process of conflict escalation by analysing communication. Second, this analysis offers two case studies: the Maidan protests in Ukraine 2013-2014 and Mali's crisis 2010-2012. Third, it gives insights on how systems theoretical research can be beneficial for Peace and Conflict Studies.
    Keywords: World Society ; Conflict Escalation ; Systems Theory ; Communication ; Conflict Research ; Politics ; Violence ; Globalization ; Conflict Studies ; International Relations ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTJ Peace studies & conflict resolution ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPH Political structure & processes
    Language: English
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  • 98
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    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: This reprint emphasizes the perspectives and challenges surrounding COVID-19 and obesity-related cancers, including but not limited to the risk factors of severe COVID-19 in cancer patients; the complications of COVID-19 in cancer patients; the challenges in cancer treatment and surgery; guidelines for cancer care during COVID-19; delayed diagnosis and suboptimal cancer management; the impact of COVID-19 on cancer screening, early diagnosis and cancer presentation; immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in cancer patients; psychological distress among cancer survivors; telehealth in cancer care; the role of diet and nutraceuticals in the prevention of severe COVID-19 and cancer; and the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on cancer research.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; neutropenia ; G-CSF treatment ; respiratory failure ; colorectal neoplasms ; gastrointestinal neoplasms ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; neoplasms ; oncogenic viruses ; oncolytic virotherapy ; post-acute COVID-19 syndrome ; reactive oxygen species ; tumor escape ; SARS-CoV-2 ; thyroid cancer ; differentiated thyroid cancer ; COVID-19 severity ; inflammation ; immunity ; oxidative stress ; obesity ; SARS-Cov-2 ; oncology ; cancer screening ; clinical trials ; melanoma ; management ; pandemic ; teledermatology ; diagnostic delay ; immunotherapy ; vaccination ; lymph adenopathy ; cancer ; nutraceuticals ; supplements ; colorectal ; meta-analysis ; gynecologic oncology ; malignancy ; blood cancer ; hematologic malignancy ; leukemia ; lymphoma ; multiple myeloma ; myelodysplasia ; breast cancer ; cancer care ; screening ; surgery ; psychological distress ; cancer therapies ; immunogenicity ; safety ; vaccine hesitancy ; tumor subtype ; mortality ; intensive care unit ; medico-administrative data ; France ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: What can the United States learn from other militaries about how better to prepare for full-spectrum operations and deployments? The authors examine the militaries of China, France, the UK, India, and Israel to (1) identify different approaches to readiness, adaptability, and operational issues and (2) assess the ways in which units are trained both for specific and general deployments and for train, advise, and assist missions.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Business ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPV Political control & freedoms ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: By comparing modern counterinsurgency doctrine and operations to those of 1960s, this paper tests and ultimately disproves the assumption that doctrine as written and operations as conducted are tightly linked. Ingrained organizational concepts and beliefs have a much greater influence on operations than written doctrine, and altering these beliefs will require the U.S. military to reorient itself mentally as well as physically.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPV Political control & freedoms
    Language: English
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