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  • 1970-1974
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-24
    Description: This book reprints articles from the Special Issue "Advances in Computer-Aided Technology" published online in the open-access journal Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This book consists of thirteen published articles. This Special Issue belongs to the "Mechatronic and Intelligent Machines" section. Industry 4.0 is characterized by the integration of advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and cloud computing, into traditional manufacturing and production processes. CAx (Computer-Aided Systems) systems are a set of computer software tools used in engineering and product design, covering various stages of the product development cycle. Advanced CAx tools combine many different aspects of product lifecycle management (PLM), including design, finite element analysis (FEA), manufacturing, production planning and product. In connection with the transition to Industry 4.0 concepts, the concept of the digital twin comes to the fore, and existing CAx systems must adapt to this trend. The Special Issue deals with a number of research areas, such as: - New trends in CAx systems; Digital manufacturing; Internet of Things in manufacturing; Simulation of production systems and processes; Systems for advanced finite element analysis; Material engineering; Digitization and 3D scanning.
    Keywords: tensor glyph ; golden section ; vector space ; sandwich ; springback ; Vegter yield criterion ; numerical simulation ; PAM-STAMP 2G ; isotropic hardening law ; kinematic hardening law ; bending ; Bauschinger effect ; machine learning ; artificial neural network ; additive manufacturing ; high precision metrology ; CAD ; predictive model ; ship hull structure ; computer-aided design of structure ; database ; function soft block ; gun drill tool ; deep-drilling technology ; optimization ; tool life ; angle ; digital implant impression ; interimplant distance ; intraoral scanner ; trueness ; sewing machine ; needle bar ; floating needle ; electromagnet ; electromagnetic simulation ; noise reduction ; cycloidal gearbox ; friction ; actuator ; servomotor ; permanent magnet synchronous machine ; fixture design ; machining ; sustainable manufacturing ; process innovation ; complex-shape part ; signal processing ; monitoring system ; laser profiler ; surface roughness ; quality assessment ; non-contact method ; vision-based method ; frequency analysis ; abrasive water jet ; wood plastic composite ; natural reinforcement ; knitting machine ; stroke ; drive ; simulation ; cylinder ; dynamic modeling ; load spectrum reconstruction ; fatigue test ; hydraulic excavator ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::C Language and Linguistics
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue was intended as a forum to advance research and apply machine-learning and data-mining methods to facilitate the development of modern electric power systems, grids and devices, and smart grids and protection devices, as well as to develop tools for more accurate and efficient power system analysis. Conventional signal processing is no longer adequate to extract all the relevant information from distorted signals through filtering, estimation, and detection to facilitate decision-making and control actions. Machine learning algorithms, optimization techniques and efficient numerical algorithms, distributed signal processing, machine learning, data-mining statistical signal detection, and estimation may help to solve contemporary challenges in modern power systems. The increased use of digital information and control technology can improve the grid’s reliability, security, and efficiency; the dynamic optimization of grid operations; demand response; the incorporation of demand-side resources and integration of energy-efficient resources; distribution automation; and the integration of smart appliances and consumer devices. Signal processing offers the tools needed to convert measurement data to information, and to transform information into actionable intelligence. This Special Issue includes fifteen articles, authored by international research teams from several countries.
    Keywords: virtual power plant (VPP) ; power quality (PQ) ; global index ; distributed energy resources (DER) ; energy storage systems (ESS) ; power systems ; long-term assessment ; battery energy storage systems (BESS) ; smart grids ; conducted disturbances ; power quality ; supraharmonics ; 2–150 kHz ; Power Line Communications (PLC) ; intentional emission ; non-intentional emission ; mains signalling ; virtual power plant ; data mining ; clustering ; distributed energy resources ; energy storage systems ; short term conditions ; cluster analysis (CA) ; nonlinear loads ; harmonics, cancellation, and attenuation of harmonics ; waveform distortion ; THDi ; low-voltage networks ; optimization techniques ; different batteries ; off-grid microgrid ; integrated renewable energy system ; cluster analysis ; K-means ; agglomerative ; ANFIS ; fuzzy logic ; induction generator ; MPPT ; neural network ; renewable energy ; variable speed WECS ; wind energy conversion system ; wind energy ; frequency estimation ; spectrum interpolation ; power network disturbances ; COVID-19 ; time-varying reproduction number ; social distancing ; load profile ; demographic characteristic ; household energy consumption ; demand-side management ; energy management ; time series ; Hidden Markov Model ; short-term forecast ; sparse signal decomposition ; supervised dictionary learning ; dictionary impulsion ; singular value decomposition ; discrete cosine transform ; discrete Haar transform ; discrete wavelet transform ; transient stability assessment ; home energy management ; binary-coded genetic algorithms ; optimal power scheduling ; demand response ; Data Injection Attack ; machine learning ; critical infrastructure ; smart grid ; water treatment plant ; power system ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNB Energy industries and utilities
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  • 3
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    Springer Nature | Springer Nature Switzerland
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This open access book constitutes revised selected papers from the International Workshops held at the 4th International Conference on Process Mining, ICPM 2022, which took place in Bozen-Bolzano, Italy, during October 23–28, 2022. The conference focuses on the area of process mining research and practice, including theory, algorithmic challenges, and applications. The co-located workshops provided a forum for novel research ideas. The 42 papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 89 submissions. They stem from the following workshops: – 3rd International Workshop on Event Data and Behavioral Analytics (EDBA) – 3rd International Workshop on Leveraging Machine Learning in Process Mining (ML4PM) – 3rd International Workshop on Responsible Process Mining (RPM) (previously known as Trust, Privacy and Security Aspects in Process Analytics) – 5th International Workshop on Process-Oriented Data Science for Healthcare (PODS4H) – 3rd International Workshop on Streaming Analytics for Process Mining (SA4PM) – 7th International Workshop on Process Querying, Manipulation, and Intelligence (PQMI) – 1st International Workshop on Education meets Process Mining (EduPM) – 1st International Workshop on Data Quality and Transformation in Process Mining (DQT-PM)
    Keywords: process mining ; process discovery ; process analytics ; process querying ; conformance checking ; predictive process monitoring ; data science ; knowledge graphs ; event data ; streaming analytics ; machine learning ; deep learning ; business process management ; health informatics ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNF Data mining ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJQ Business mathematics and systems ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence::UYQM Machine learning ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics::UBH Digital and information technologies: Health and safety aspects
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The sustainable management of water cycles is crucial in the context of climate change and global warming. It involves managing global, regional, and local water cycles, as well as urban, agricultural, and industrial water cycles, to conserve water resources and their relationships with energy, food, microclimates, biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and anthropogenic activities. Hydrological modeling is indispensable for achieving this goal, as it is essential for water resources management and the mitigation of natural disasters. In recent decades, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in hydrology and water resources management has led to notable advances. In the face of hydro-geo-meteorological uncertainty, AI approaches have proven to be powerful tools for accurately modeling complex, nonlinear hydrological processes and effectively utilizing various digital and imaging data sources, such as ground gauges, remote sensing tools, and in situ Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The thirteen research papers published in this Special Issue make significant contributions to long- and short-term hydrological modeling and water resources management under changing environments using AI techniques coupled with various analytics tools. These contributions, which cover hydrological forecasting, microclimate control, and climate adaptation, can promote hydrology research and direct policy making toward sustainable and integrated water resources management.
    Keywords: ANN ; roadside IoT sensors ; simulations of the gridded rainstorms ; 2D inundation simulation and real-time error correction ; weather types and features ; meteorological feature extraction ; artificial neural network ; self-organizing map (SOM) ; urban agriculture ; resource utilization efficiency ; urban northern Taiwan ; machine learning ; random forest ; regression analysis ; support vector machine ; threshold rainfall ; threshold runoff ; XGBoost ; stochastic rainfall generator ; Huff rainfall curve ; copula ; GeoAI ; artificial intelligence ; hydrological ; hydraulic ; fluvial ; water quality ; geomorphic ; modeling ; anomaly detection ; deep reinforcement learning ; telemetry water level ; time series ; ensemble ; multi-model ensemble ; precipitation ; forecasting ; persian gulf ; deep learning ; dam inflow ; RNN ; LSTM ; GRU ; hyperparameter ; rainfall time series ; artificial neural networks ; Multiple Linear Regression ; Chania ; CNN ; ELM ; temporary rivers ; hydrological extremes ; multivariate stochastic model ; autoregressive model ; Markov model ; daily temperature ; temperature generator ; Bayesian neural network ; forecasting uncertainty ; multi-step ahead forecasting ; probabilistic streamflow forecasting ; variational inference ; smart microclimate-control system (SMCS) ; system dynamics ; water–energy–food nexus ; agricultural resilience ; hydroinformatics ; hydrological modeling ; early warning ; uncertainty ; sustainability
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book captures advancements in the applications of computational intelligence (artificial intelligence, machine learning, etc.) to problems in the mineral and mining industries. The papers present the state of the art in four broad categories: mine operations, mine planning, mine safety, and advances in the sciences, primarily in image processing applications. Authors in the book include both researchers and industry practitioners.
    Keywords: truck dispatching ; mining equipment uncertainties ; orebody uncertainty ; discrete event simulation ; Q-learning ; grinding circuits ; minerals processing ; random forest ; decision trees ; machine learning ; knowledge discovery ; variable importance ; mineral prospectivity mapping ; random forest algorithm ; epithermal gold ; unstructured data ; blast impact ; empirical model ; mining ; fragmentation ; mine worker fatigue ; random forest model ; health and safety management ; stockpiles ; operational data ; mine-to-mill ; geostatistics ; ore control ; mine optimization ; digital twin ; modes of operation ; geological uncertainty ; multivariate statistics ; partial least squares regression ; oil sands ; bitumen extraction ; bitumen processability ; mine safety and health ; accidents ; narratives ; natural language processing ; random forest classification ; hyperspectral imaging ; multispectral imaging ; dimensionality reduction ; neighbourhood component analysis ; artificial intelligence ; mining exploitation ; masonry buildings ; damage risk analysis ; Bayesian network ; Naive Bayes ; Bayesian Network Structure Learning (BNSL) ; rock type ; mining geology ; bluetooth beacon ; classification and regression tree ; gaussian naïve bayes ; k-nearest neighbors ; support vector machine ; transport route ; transport time ; underground mine ; tactical geometallurgy ; data analytics in mining ; ball mill throughput ; measurement while drilling ; non-additivity ; coal ; petrographic analysis ; macerals ; image analysis ; semantic segmentation ; convolutional neural networks ; point cloud scaling ; fragmentation size analysis ; structure from motion ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Third millennium engineering address new challenges in materials sciences and engineering. In particular, the advances in materials engineering combined with the advances in data acquisition, processing and mining as well as artificial intelligence allow for new ways of thinking in designing new materials and products. Additionally, this gives rise to new paradigms in bridging raw material data and processing to the induced properties and performance. This present topical issue is a compilation of contributions on novel ideas and concepts, addressing several key challenges using data and artificial intelligence, such as:- proposing new techniques for data generation and data mining;- proposing new techniques for visualizing, classifying, modeling, extracting knowledge, explaining and certifying data and data-driven models;- processing data to create data-driven models from scratch when other models are absent, too complex or too poor for making valuable predictions;- processing data to enhance existing physic-based models to improve the quality of the prediction capabilities and, at the same time, to enable data to be smarter; and- processing data to create data-driven enrichment of existing models when physics-based models exhibit limits within a hybrid paradigm.
    Keywords: plasticity ; machine learning ; constitutive modeling ; manifold learning ; topological data analysis ; GENERIC ; soft living tissues ; hyperelasticity ; computational modeling ; data-driven mechanics ; TDA ; Code2Vect ; nonlinear regression ; effective properties ; microstructures ; model calibration ; sensitivity analysis ; elasto-visco-plasticity ; Gaussian process ; high-throughput experimentation ; additive manufacturing ; Ti–Mn alloys ; spherical indentation ; statistical analysis ; Gaussian process regression ; nanoporous metals ; open-pore foams ; FE-beam model ; data mining ; mechanical properties ; hardness ; principal component analysis ; structure–property relationship ; microcompression ; nanoindentation ; analytical model ; finite element model ; artificial neural networks ; model correction ; feature engineering ; physics based ; data driven ; laser shock peening ; residual stresses ; data-driven ; multiscale ; nonlinear ; stochastics ; neural networks ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The eradication of vector-borne diseases is threatened by the limited range of available insecticides, leading, inevitably, to the development of resistance. This is particularly concerning for malaria control, which relies heavily on insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual sprays (IRS). New chemistries are being developed, and innovative deployment of insecticides may play a role in overcoming resistance, either through new types of tools or new means of distribution. A variety of novel product types and vector control strategies are under development and evaluation, which is to be celebrated, but a strong evidence base is needed to guide effective operational deployment decisions. Novel approaches should be supported by robust data collected using appropriate and validated methods to monitor efficacy, durability, and any emerging resistance. This reprint presents original research into developing and characterizing new vector control products, as well as understanding and monitoring insecticide resistance. Review articles explore the impact of insecticide resistance and offer guidance on insecticide choice in the face of pyrethroid resistance. Consensus methodologies are presented, in the form of standard operating procedures (SOPs) designed to be adopted and used to generate reproducible data that can be compared and interpreted across and between studies. It is hoped that this collection of articles offers inspiration and guidance on how consistent data can be generated to inform more effective development, evaluation, and use of new and existing vector control tools.
    Keywords: prallethrin ; insecticide ; spatial treatment ; mosquito fitness ; protection ; pyrethroids ; Aedes albopictus ; Culex pipiens ; life tables ; mosquito ; bite-proof garment ; model ; textile ; non-insecticidal ; physical barrier ; insecticide selection ; out-crossing ; strain authentication ; laboratory screening ; pyrethroid ; pyrethroid resistance ; insecticide resistance ; insecticide resistance management ; vector control ; malaria ; malaria control ; Anopheles ; host-seeking behavior ; insecticide exposure ; pathogen transmission ; Aedes aegypti ; Anopheles gambiae ; ATSB ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; Iroquois ; RNAi ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; yeast ; Anopheles mosquito ; fertility ; ovary development ; pyriproxyfen (PPF) ; side-effects ; machine learning ; image classification ; automated identification ; convolutional neural network ; insecticide-treated net (ITN) ; PBO ITN ; synergist ITN ; dual-AI ITN ; insecticide resistance management (IRM) ; method validation ; durability monitoring ; bioinsecticide ; disease transmission ; insecticide-resistance ; mosquito-borne disease ; mosquito control ; natural compounds ; phytochemical ; malaria vector ; insecticide treated nets ; cytochrome P450s ; kdr ; cuticular resistance ; deltamethrin ; imidacloprid ; bifenthrin ; β-cyfluthrin ; etofenprox ; α-cypermethrin ; λ-cyhalothrin ; thiacloprid ; mosquitoes ; Attractive Toxic Sugar Bait (ATSB) ; Attractive Targeted Sugar Bait (ATSB) ; diagnostic bioassay ; resistance monitoring ; insecticide-treated nets (ITN) ; strain characterisation ; method development ; product evaluation ; quality control (QC) ; dual active ingredients (dual-AI) ; bioefficacy ; IRS ; application technology ; broflanilide ; clothianidin ; pirimiphos-methyl ; WHO tube ; WHO tunnel test ; ITNs ; interceptor ; interceptor G2 ; membrane ; human arm ; rabbit ; bioassay ; bio-efficacy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue provides an insight, collated from 26 articles, focusing on various aspects of the Fit-For-Purpose Land Administration (FFPLA) concept and its application. It presents some influential and innovative trends and recommendations for designing, implementing, maintaining and further developing Fit-For-Purpose solutions for providing secure land rights at scale. The first group of 14 articles is published in Volume One and discusses various conceptual innovations related to spatial, legal and institutional aspects and its wider applications within land use management. The second group of 12 articles is published in Volume Two and focuses on case studies from various countries throughout the world, providing evidence and lessons learned from the FFPLA implementation process.
    Keywords: complete cadastre ; legal element ; fixing boundary ; eligible landowner ; agreement ; boundary marker ; fit-for-purpose land administration (FFP LA) ; violent conflict ; United Nations ; extra-legal ; transitional justice ; peace building ; land governance ; power relations ; securing land rights ; land registration ; development impacts ; fit-for-purpose land administration ; land administration ; decentralization ; India ; fit-for-purpose ; institutions ; governance ; politics ; Amazon ; deforestation ; Fit-For-Purpose land administration ; participatory mapping ; indigenous land conflict ; Cumaribo ; Colombia ; community-based land adjudication ; components of adjudication ; land tenure ; land rights ; good practices ; updating land records ; systematic land registration ; unconventional approach ; case study ; Benin ; cadaster ; land administration domain model ; LADM ; cadastre ; FFPLA ; customary tenure ; land inventory ; land management ; mobile-based applications ; pro-poor ; land surveying ; tenure security ; land rights and tenure ; fit-for-purpose approach ; human rights ; design science research ; design thinking ; fit for purpose ; spatial data quality ; spatial data quality assurance ; maintenance ; update ; upgrade ; upkeep ; renewal ; data quality ; spatial framework ; STDM ; technology ; UAV ; feature extraction ; rapid urbanization ; climate change ; pandemic ; urban resilience ; spatial ; legal ; and institutional frameworks ; land tenure security ; pro-poor land recordation ; land governance reform ; cost effectiveness ; innovative technology ; case studies ; Uganda ; customary land tenure ; land recordation tools ; semantic technologies ; land information system ; fit-for-purpose land management ; aerial and street level imagery ; machine learning ; integrated land programs ; land policy ; pilot study ; informal settlements ; urban development ; Brazil ; community-based crowdsourcing ; SiGIT ; Ecuador ; land and resources rights ; public-private partnerships ; corporate social responsibility ; poverty reduction ; business driven solutions ; social enterprises ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Today, the flow of electricity is bidirectional, and not all electricity is centrally produced in large power plants. With the growing emergence of prosumers and microgrids, the amount of electricity produced by sources other than large, traditional power plants is ever-increasing. These alternative sources include photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), geothermal, and biomass renewable generation plants. Some renewable energy resources (solar PV and wind turbine generation) are highly dependent on natural processes and parameters (wind speed, wind direction, temperature, solar irradiation, humidity, etc.). Thus, the outputs are so stochastic in nature. New data-science-inspired real-time solutions are needed in order to co-develop digital twins of large intermittent renewable plants whose services can be globally delivered.
    Keywords: self-healing grid ; machine-learning ; feature extraction ; event detection ; optimization techniques ; manta ray foraging optimization algorithm ; multi-objective function ; radial networks ; optimal power flow ; automatic P2P energy trading ; Markov decision process ; deep reinforcement learning ; deep Q-network ; long short-term delayed reward ; inter-area oscillations ; modal analysis ; reduced order modeling ; dynamic mode decomposition ; machine learning ; artificial neural networks ; steady-state security assessment ; situation awareness ; cellular computational networks ; load flow prediction ; contingency ; fuzzy system ; change detection ; data analytics ; data mining ; filtering ; optimization ; power quality ; signal processing ; total variation smoothing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: In recent years, new and emerging digital technologies applied to food science have been gaining attention and increased interest from researchers and the food/beverage industries. In particular, those digital technologies that can be used throughout the food value chain are accurate, easy to implement, affordable, and user-friendly. Hence, this Special Issue (SI) is dedicated to novel technology based on sensor technology and machine/deep learning modeling strategies to implement artificial intelligence (AI) into food and beverage production and for consumer assessment. This SI published quality papers from researchers in Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Spain, and Mexico, including food and beverage products, such as grapes and wine, chocolate, honey, whiskey, avocado pulp, and a variety of other food products.
    Keywords: sensory ; physicochemical measurements ; artificial neural networks ; near infra-red spectroscopy ; wine quality ; machine learning modeling ; weather ; consumer acceptance prediction ; data fusion ; emotion recognition ; facial expression recognition ; galvanic skin response ; machine learning ; neural networks ; sensory analysis ; avocado ; cultivars ; preference mapping ; sensory evaluation ; sensory descriptive analysis ; consumer science ; unifloral honeys ; botanical origin ; physicochemical parameters ; classification ; natural language processing ; deep learning ; sensory science ; flavor lexicon ; long short-term memory ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 11
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Numerical simulation is a powerful tool used in various fields of science and engineering to model complex systems and predict their behavior. It involves developing mathematical models that describe the behavior of a system and using computer algorithms to solve these models numerically. By doing so, researchers and engineers can study the behavior of a system in detail, which may only be possible with analytical methods. Numerical simulation has many advantages over traditional analytical methods. It allows researchers and engineers to study complex systems’ behavior in detail and predict their behavior in different scenarios. It also allows for the optimization of systems and the identification of design flaws before they are built. However, numerical simulation has its limitations. It requires significant computational resources, and the accuracy of the results depends on the quality of the mathematical models and the discretization methods used. Nevertheless, numerical simulation remains a valuable tool in many fields and its importance is likely to grow as computational resources become more powerful and widely available. Numerical simulation is widely used in physics, engineering, computer science, and mathematics. In physics, for example, numerical simulation is used to study the behavior of complex systems such as weather patterns, fluid dynamics, and particle interactions. In engineering, it is used to design and optimize systems such as aircraft, cars, and buildings. In computer science, numerical simulation models and optimization algorithms and data structures. In mathematics, it is used to study complex mathematical models and to solve complex equations. This book familiarizes readers with the practical application of the numerical simulation technique to solve complex analytical problems in different industries and sciences.
    Keywords: machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; optimization ; heat transfer ; cfd ; image processing ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics::PBW Applied mathematics::PBWH Mathematical modelling
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book mainly deals with recent advances in biomedical sensing and imaging. More recently, wearable/smart biosensors and devices, which facilitate diagnostics in a non-clinical setting, have become a hot topic. Combined with machine learning and artificial intelligence, they could revolutionize the biomedical diagnostic field. The aim of this book is to provide a research forum in biomedical sensing and imaging and extend the scientific frontier of this very important and significant biomedical endeavor.
    Keywords: finite element method ; thin shell model ; β dispersion ; Maxwell–Wagner effect ; bio-impedance spectroscopy ; multisensory ; electromyography ; pattern recognition ; rehabilitation ; blood coagulation ; image sensing ; image classification ; electrical impedance tomography ; frequency difference ; time difference ; lung imaging ; electromagnetic detection and biosensors ; electromagnetic biological theory ; biomedical application ; frequency ; machine learning ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Current approaches to Natural Language Processing (NLP) have shown impressive improvements in many important tasks: machine translation, language modeling, text generation, sentiment/emotion analysis, natural language understanding, and question answering, among others. The advent of new methods and techniques, such as graph-based approaches, reinforcement learning, or deep learning, have boosted many NLP tasks to a human-level performance (and even beyond). This has attracted the interest of many companies, so new products and solutions can benefit from advances in this relevant area within the artificial intelligence domain.This Special Issue reprint, focusing on emerging techniques and trendy applications of NLP methods, reports on some of these achievements, establishing a useful reference for industry and researchers on cutting-edge human language technologies.
    Keywords: natural language processing ; distributional semantics ; machine learning ; language model ; word embeddings ; machine translation ; sentiment analysis ; quality estimation ; neural machine translation ; pretrained language model ; multilingual pre-trained language model ; WMT ; neural networks ; recurrent neural networks ; named entity recognition ; multi-modal dataset ; Wikimedia Commons ; multi-modal language model ; concreteness ; curriculum learning ; electronic health records ; clinical text ; relationship extraction ; text classification ; linguistic corpus ; deception ; linguistic cues ; statistical analysis ; discriminant function analysis ; fake news detection ; stance detection ; social media ; abstractive summarization ; monolingual models ; multilingual models ; transformer models ; transfer learning ; discourse analysis ; problem–solution pattern ; automatic classification ; machine learning classifiers ; deep neural networks ; question answering ; machine reading comprehension ; query expansion ; information retrieval ; multinomial naive bayes ; relevance feedback ; cause-effect relation ; transitive closure ; word co-occurrence ; automatic hate speech detection ; multisource feature extraction ; Latin American Spanish language models ; fine-grained named entity recognition ; k-stacked feature fusion ; dual-stacked output ; unbalanced data problem ; document representation ; semantic analysis ; conceptual modeling ; universal representation ; trend analysis ; topic modeling ; Bert ; geospatial data technology and application ; attention model ; dual multi-head attention ; inter-information relationship ; question difficult estimation ; named-entity recognition ; BERT model ; conditional random field ; pre-trained model ; fine-tuning ; feature fusion ; attention mechanism ; task-oriented dialogue systems ; Arabic ; multi-lingual transformer model ; mT5 ; language marker ; mental disorder ; deep learning ; LIWC ; spaCy ; RobBERT ; fastText ; LIME ; conversational AI ; intent detection ; slot filling ; retrieval-based question answering ; query generation ; entity linking ; knowledge graph ; entity embedding ; global model ; DISC model ; personality recognition ; predictive model ; text analysis ; data privacy ; federated learning ; transformer ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This Special Issue includes 14 contributions, with 2 review contributions and 12 research contributions. The review contributions provide a survey with an overview of the state of the art in detecting and projecting cyber-attack scenarios, and the review of a specific application area, the safety of autonomous haulage systems in the mining environment related to both cybersecurity and communication. 10 research contributions are addressing the area of advanced services for intrusion detection systems: (a) the use of different machine learning models depending on the specific scenarios and datasets; (b) the use of deep learning techniques for the detection of zero-day attacks; (c) a proposal of an integrated scalable framework aimed at efficiently detecting anomalous events on large amounts of unlabeled data logs; (d) a spatiotemporal characterization of cyber-attacks for detecting such attacks; (e) a two-stage intrusion detection system for industrial control networks; (f) a chatbot for detecting online sex offenders, based on an artificial conversational entity (ACE); and (g) an open-source platform for manipulating both streaming and archived network flow data in real time. This Special Issue also contains two protection-related research contributions, including: (a) a countermeasure for on–off web defacement attacks and (b) the evaluation of multi-path routing as a protection feature against network attacks and failures.
    Keywords: cybersecurity ; machine learning ; intrusion detection ; cybersecurity awareness&nbsp ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Personalised medicine is the next step in healthcare, especially when applied to genetically diverse diseases such as cancers. Naturally, a host of methods need to evolve alongside this, in order to allow the practice and implementation of individual treatment regimens. One of the major tasks for the development of personalised treatment of cancer is the identification and validation of a comprehensive, robust, and reliable panel of biomarkers that guide the clinicians to provide the best treatment to patients. This is indeed important with regards to radiotherapy; not only do biomarkers allow for the assessment of treatability, tumour response, and the radiosensitivity of healthy tissue of the treated patient. Furthermore, biomarkers should allow for the evaluation of the risks of developing adverse late effects as a result of radiotherapy such as second cancers and non-cancer effects, for example cardiovascular injury and cataract formation. Knowledge of all of these factors would allow for the development of a tailored radiation therapy regime. This Special Issue of the Journal of Personalised Medicine covers the topic of Radiation Response Biomarkers in the context of individualised cancer treatments, and offers an insight into some of the further evolution of radiation response biomarkers, their usefulness in guiding clinicians, and their application in radiation therapy.
    Keywords: carbon-ion radiotherapy ; head-and-neck tumors ; squamous cell carcinoma ; radiosensitivity ; relative biological effectiveness ; lung cancer ; radiotherapy ; radiotherapy monitoring ; radiation-induced lung injury ; RILI ; pneumonitis ; radiation-induced lung fibrosis ; RILF ; circulating biomarkers ; microRNA ; micronuclei ; uterine cervical cancer ; cGAS ; STING ; abscopal effect ; immunotherapy ; PBMCS ; micronucleus assay ; biological dosimetry ; human blood ; genotoxicity tests ; ionizing radiation ; biomarkers ; dicentric assay ; gamma H2AX foci assay ; health surveillance analyses ; clonogenic assays ; methods ; plating ; cancer ; radiation ; head and neck cancer ; exosomes ; serum ; metabolomics ; GC/MS ; biodosimetry ; chromosome aberrations ; normal tissue toxicity ; predictive tests ; normal tissue ; biomarker ; protein ; immune infiltrate ; stroma ; tumour microenvironment ; proteomics ; telomeres ; chromosomal instability ; inversions ; prostate cancer ; IMRT ; machine learning ; individual radiosensitivity ; late effects ; personalized medicine ; liquid biopsy ; circulating tumour cells ; extracellular vesicles ; microRNAs ; immune system ; inflammation ; n/a
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent years, the implementation of sustainable concrete systems has been a topic of great interest in the field of construction engineering worldwide, as a result of the large and rapid increase in carbon emissions and environmental problems resulting from traditional concrete production and industry. For example, the uses of supplementary cementitious materials, geopolymer binder, recycled aggregate and industrial/agricultural wastes in concrete are all approaches to building a sustainable concrete system. However, such materials have inherent flaws due to their variety of sources, and exhibit very different properties compared with traditional concrete. Therefore, they require specific modifications in preprocessing, design, and evaluation before use in concrete. This reprint, entitled “Advances in Sustainable Concrete System”, covers a broad range of advanced concrete research in environmentally friendly concretes, cost-effective admixtures, and waste recycling, specifically including the design methods, mechanical properties, durability, microstructure, various models, hydration mechanisms, and practical applications of solid wastes in concrete systems.
    Keywords: high-strength concrete ; energy evolution ; elastic strain energy ; brittleness evaluation index ; concrete ; humidity ; moisture absorption ; moisture desorption ; numerical simulation ; acoustic emission ; AE rate process theory ; corrosion rate ; damage evolution ; axial load ; precast concrete structure ; lattice girder semi-precast slabs ; bending resistance ; FE modelling ; concrete damage ; GSP ; high strength ; hydration ; strength ; penetrability ; rice husk ash ; sustainable concrete ; artificial neural networks ; multiple linear regression ; eco-friendly concrete ; green concrete ; sustainable development ; artificial intelligence ; data science ; machine learning ; bagasse ash ; mechanical properties ; natural coarse aggregate ; recycled coarse aggregate ; two-stage concrete ; materials design ; recycled concrete ; crumb rubber concrete ; crumb rubber ; NaOH treatment ; lime treatment ; water treatment ; detergent treatment ; compressive strength ; materials ; adhesively-bonded joint ; temperature aging ; residual strength ; mechanical behavior ; failure criterion ; steel slag powder ; compound activator ; mortar strength ; orthogonal experiment ; GM (0, N) model ; ultrafine metakaolin ; silica fume ; durability ; fiber-reinforced concrete ; damage mechanism ; uniaxial tension ; cracked concrete ; crack width ; crack depth ; tortuosity ; sustainability ; concrete composites ; sulfate and acid attacks ; WPFT fibers ; coal gangue ; gradation ; cement content ; unconfined compressive strength ; freeze–thaw cycle ; minimum energy dissipation principle ; three-shear energy yield criterion ; damage variable ; constitutive model ; phosphorus slag ; limestone ; sulphate-corrosion resistance ; volume deformation ; blast furnace ferronickel slag ; alkali-activated material ; dosage of activator ; reactive powder concrete ; beam-column joint ; FE modeling ; crack ; cementitious gravel ; fly ash ; age ; optimal dosage ; bamboo ; sawdust ; pretreatment ; bio-based material ; mechanical property ; self-compacting concrete ; supplementary cementitious materials ; hydration mechanisms ; microstructure ; fresh properties ; synthetic polymer ; high temperature ; bentonite-free drilling fluid ; rheology ; filtration ; FRP reinforced concrete slab ; punching shear strength ; SHAP ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKX Conservation of buildings and building materials
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book includes impactful chapters which present scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and ideas on sensing technologies and machine learning techniques. These are relevant in tackling the following challenges: (i) the field readiness and use of intrusive sensor systems and devices for capturing biosignals, including EEG sensor systems, ECG sensor systems and electrodermal activity sensor systems; (ii) the quality assessment and management of sensor data; (iii) data preprocessing, noise filtering and calibration concepts for biosignals; (iv) the field readiness and use of nonintrusive sensor technologies, including visual sensors, acoustic sensors, vibration sensors and piezoelectric sensors; (v) emotion recognition using mobile phones and smartwatches; (vi) body area sensor networks for emotion and stress studies; (vii) the use of experimental datasets in emotion recognition, including dataset generation principles and concepts, quality insurance and emotion elicitation material and concepts; (viii) machine learning techniques for robust emotion recognition, including graphical models, neural network methods, deep learning methods, statistical learning and multivariate empirical mode decomposition; (ix) subject-independent emotion and stress recognition concepts and systems, including facial expression-based systems, speech-based systems, EEG-based systems, ECG-based systems, electrodermal activity-based systems, multimodal recognition systems and sensor fusion concepts and (x) emotion and stress estimation and forecasting from a nonlinear dynamical system perspective.
    Keywords: subject-dependent emotion recognition ; subject-independent emotion recognition ; electrodermal activity (EDA) ; deep learning ; convolutional neural networks ; automatic facial emotion recognition ; intensity of emotion recognition ; behavioral biometrical systems ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; driving stress ; electrodermal activity ; road traffic ; road types ; Viola-Jones ; facial emotion recognition ; facial expression recognition ; facial detection ; facial landmarks ; infrared thermal imaging ; homography matrix ; socially assistive robot ; EEG ; arousal detection ; valence detection ; data transformation ; normalization ; mental stress detection ; electrocardiogram ; respiration ; in-ear EEG ; emotion classification ; emotion monitoring ; elderly caring ; outpatient caring ; stress detection ; deep neural network ; convolutional neural network ; wearable sensors ; psychophysiology ; sensor data analysis ; time series analysis ; signal analysis ; similarity measures ; correlation statistics ; quantitative analysis ; benchmarking ; boredom ; emotion ; GSR ; classification ; sensor ; face landmark detection ; fully convolutional DenseNets ; skip-connections ; dilated convolutions ; emotion recognition ; physiological sensing ; multimodal sensing ; flight simulation ; activity recognition ; physiological signals ; thoracic electrical bioimpedance ; smart band ; stress recognition ; physiological signal processing ; long short-term memory recurrent neural networks ; information fusion ; pain recognition ; long-term stress ; electroencephalography ; perceived stress scale ; expert evaluation ; affective corpus ; multimodal sensors ; overload ; underload ; interest ; frustration ; cognitive load ; stress research ; affective computing ; human-computer interaction ; deep convolutional neural network ; transfer learning ; auxiliary loss ; weighted loss ; class center ; stress sensing ; smart insoles ; smart shoes ; unobtrusive sensing ; stress ; center of pressure ; regression ; signal processing ; arousal ; aging adults ; musical genres ; emotion elicitation ; dataset ; emotion representation ; feature selection ; feature extraction ; computer science ; virtual reality ; head-mounted display ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 18
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The reprint focuses on the latest research in cybersecurity and data science. Digital transformation turns data into the new oil, so the increasing availability of big data, structured and unstructured datasets, raises new challenges in cybersecurity, efficient data processing and knowledge extraction. The field of cybersecurity and data science fuels the data-driven economy. Innovations in this field require strong foundations in mathematics, statistics, machine learning and information security. The unprecedented increase in the availability of data in many fields of science and technology (e.g., genomic data, data from industrial environments, network traffic, streaming media, sensory data of smart cities, and social network data) ask for new methods and solutions for data processing, information extraction and decision support. This stimulates the development of new methods of data analysis, including those adapted to the analysis of new data structures and the growing volume of data. The papers included in this reprint discuss various topics ranging from cyberattacks, steganography, anomaly detection, evaluation of the attacker skills, modelling of the threats, and wireless security evaluation, as well as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Given this diversity of topics the book represents a valuable reference for researchers in cybersecurity security and data science.
    Keywords: steganography ; network security ; steganography detection ; steganalysis ; machine learning ; big data ; IoT ; pattern mining ; wireless communications ; covert channel ; dirty constellation ; wireless postmodulation steganography ; phase drift ; drift correction modulation ; undetectability ; security ; quadrature amplitude modulation ; spam ; phishing ; classification ; augmented dataset ; multi-language emails ; cybersecurity ; data protection ; SoC ; threat agents ; motivation ; opportunity ; capability ; user profiling ; implicit ; modeling ; real-time user monitoring ; complexity threat agent ; threat assessment ; network traffic analysis ; convolutional neural networks ; network traffic images ; visualization of traffic ; classifiers ; e-mail ; ham ; data science ; datasets ; cyber threats modeling ; multi-agent systems ; cyber deception ; pseudorandom sequences generators ; prime numbers ; additive Fibonacci generator ; statistical characteristics ; android device ; BrainShield ; hybrid model ; malware detection ; Omnidroid ; image processing ; BOSS database ; ensemble classifier ; deep learning ; stegomalware ; traffic analysis ; network probe ; hash function ; SHA-3 ; FPGA ; cognitive security ; cyberattacks ; game software ; threat matrix computing ; evaluation function ; data modeling ; authentication ; bit template ; information-processing electronic device ; Poisson pulse sequences generators ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: The book provides a comprehensive overview of nanostructures and methods used to design biosensors, as well as applications for these biosensor nanotechnologies in the biological, chemical, and environmental monitoring fields. Biological sensing has proven to be an essential tool for understanding living systems, but it also has practical applications in medicine, drug discovery, food safety, environmental monitoring, defense, personal security, etc. In healthcare, advancements in telecommunications, expert systems, and distributed diagnostics are challenging current delivery models, while robust industrial sensors enable new approaches to research and development. Experts from around the world have written five articles on topics including:Diagnosing and treating intraocular cancers such as retinoblastoma; Nanomedicine in cancer management; Engineered nanomaterials in osteosarcoma diagnosis and treatment; Practical design of nanoscale devices; Detect alkaline phosphatase quantitatively in clinical diagnosis; Progress in the area of non-enzymatic sensing of dual/multi biomolecules; Developments in non-enzymatic glucose and H2O2 (NEGH) sensing; Multi-functionalized nanocarrier therapies for targeting retinoblastoma; Galactose functionalized nanocarriers; Sensing performance, electro-catalytic mechanism, and morphology and design of electrode materials; Biosensors along with their applications and the benefits of machine learning; Innovative approaches to improve the NEGH sensitivity, selectivity, and stability in real-time applications; Challenges and solutions in the field of biosensors.
    Keywords: advanced nanomaterials ; dual in-line sensing ; bi-functional properties ; non-enzymatic ; electrochemical sensing ; glucose and H2O2 ; nanotechnology ; bone diseases ; drug delivery ; nanocarriers ; osteosarcoma ; tumor-targeted ; retinoblastoma ; rare cancer ; surface-tailored multi-functionalized nanoparticles ; metallic nanoparticle ; tumor-suppressor gene mutation ; alkaline phosphatase ; terminal protection ; copper nanoparticle ; fluorescence ; biosensor ; electrochemical ; sensitivity ; amperometric ; voltammetric ; food quality monitoring ; machine learning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Animal production (e.g., milk, meat, and eggs) provides valuable protein production for human beings and animals. However, animal production is facing several challenges worldwide such as environmental impacts and animal welfare/health concerns. In animal farming operations, accurate and efficient monitoring of animal information and behavior can help analyze the health and welfare status of animals and identify sick or abnormal individuals at an early stage to reduce economic losses and protect animal welfare. In recent years, there has been growing interest in animal welfare. At present, sensors, big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence are used to improve management efficiency, reduce production costs, and enhance animal welfare. Although these technologies still have challenges and limitations, the application and exploration of these technologies in animal farms will greatly promote the intelligent management of farms. Therefore, this Special Issue will collect original papers with novel contributions based on technologies such as sensors, big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence to study animal behavior monitoring and recognition, environmental monitoring, health evaluation, etc., to promote intelligent and accurate animal farm management.
    Keywords: pig weight ; body size ; estimation ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; pig identification ; mask scoring R-CNN ; soft-NMS ; group-housed pigs ; audio ; dairy cow ; mastication ; jaw movement ; forage management ; precision livestock management ; equine behavior ; wearable sensor ; intermodality interaction ; class-balanced focal loss ; absorbing Markov chain ; cow behavior analysis ; prediction of calving time ; cow identification ; EfficientDet ; YOLACT++ ; cascaded model ; instance segmentation ; generative adversarial network ; machine learning ; automated medical image processing ; deep neural network ; animal science ; CT scans ; computer vision ; cow ; extensive livestock ; sensorized wearable device ; monitoring ; parturition prediction ; radar sensors ; radar signal processing ; animal farming ; computational ethology ; signal classification ; wavelet analysis ; dairy welfare ; hierarchical clustering ; mutual information ; precision livestock farming ; time budgets ; unsupervised machine learning ; wearables design ; animal-centered design ; animal telemetry ; modularity ; smart collar ; design contributions ; additive manufacturing ; low-frequency tracking ; commercial aviary ; laying hens ; false registrations ; tree-based classifier ; animal behaviour ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: A collection of 18 scientific papers written in honor of Professor Karlheinz Schwarz's 80th birthday. The main topics include spectroscopy, excited states, DFT developments, results analysis, solid states, and surfaces.
    Keywords: density functional theory ; Coulomb systems ; excited states ; nodal variational principle ; DFT ; anatase TiO2(101) surface ; adsorption energy ; Bader charge ; helium atom ; screened Coulomb potential ; variational Monte Carlo method ; Lagrange mesh method ; comparison theorem ; TD-DFT ; MC-PDFT ; Lie–Clementi ; Colle–Salvetti ; OLEDs ; subphthalocyanines ; UV–visible spectra ; axial substituents ; peripheral substituents ; time-dependent DFT ; hexatetra-carbon ; electrical properties ; molecular aggregates ; singlet excitons ; triplet excitons ; TDDFT ; charge-transfer states ; charge-resonance states ; Frenkel states ; localized excitations ; diabatic states ; adiabatic states ; semiconductors ; oscillator strength ; hybrid exchange-correlation functional ; non-local potential ; statistics ; methods comparison ; benchmarking ; band gaps ; atomization energy ; DFT codes ; electronic structure calculation ; numerical accuracy and precision ; kinetic functional ; Yukawa potential ; periodic DFTB ; deMonNano ; graphene ; graphite ; benzene dimers ; deposited benzene ; supported clusters ; weighted mulliken charges ; LAPW method ; APW+lo method ; all-electron DFT ; density matrix functional embedding ; density-functional theory ; householder transformation ; He atomic basis sets ; helium dimer ; He2 potential well ; correlation energy ; complete basis set ; sigma basis set ; atomic multiplet theory ; crystal/ligand-field theory ; coordination compounds ; electronic structure ; Cu2OCl2 ; Cu2OBr2 ; Cu2OI2 ; oxyhalides ; magnetic couplings ; Néel temperature ; chemical pressure ; NMR ; machine learning ; zeolites ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book includes six chapters on wind turbine icing. For wind turbines operating in cold regions, icing often occurs on blade surfaces in winter. This ice accretion can change the aerodynamic shape of the blade airfoil, causing performance degradation and loss of power generation, even leading to operational accidents. This book focuses on the recent research progress on wind turbine icing. Chapters address such topics as the effect of icing conditions on the icing distribution characteristics of a blade airfoil for vertical-axis wind turbines, power loss estimation in wind turbines due to icing, wind turbine icing prediction methods, especially those using machine learning, the icing process of a single water droplet on a cold aluminum plate surface, the main theories of the icing adhesive mechanism, and theoretical and experimental studies on the ultrasonic de-icing method for wind turbine blades. This book is a valuable reference for researchers and engineers engaged in wind turbine icing and anti-icing research.
    Keywords: machine learning ; cfd ; numerical simulation ; artificial neural network ; wind energy ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Urological Cancer 2020 collection contains a set of multidisciplinary contributions to the extraordinary heterogeneity of tumor mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and therapies of the renal, urinary tract, and prostate cancers, with the intention of offering to interested readers a representative snapshot of the status of urological research.
    Keywords: renal cell carcinoma ; iron ; macrophages ; chelation therapy ; urothelial carcinoma ; transcriptome ; microtubule ; MAP1B ; prognosis ; KLF5 ; androgen receptor ; cell proliferation ; tumorigenesis ; prostate cancer ; precision medicine ; whole genome sequencing ; optical mapping ; therapy ; prostate carcinoma ; prostate mpMRI ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; neural network ; angiogenesis ; angiogenic growth factors ; antiangiogenic therapy ; renal tumors ; prevention ; α1-adrenoceptor antagonists ; anoikis ; vascularity ; research model ; oncogenes ; tumor suppressor genes ; MR-guided ; radiotherapy ; MRgRT ; stereotactic ablative radiotherapy ; stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) ; renal cell cancer ; RCC ; online adaptive ; [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT ; dual-time point imaging ; delayed imaging ; biphasic imaging ; lesion positivity rate ; CXCL9 ; PD1 ; PD-L1 ; stage T1 NMIBC ; prostatic neoplasms/mortality ; prostatic neoplasms/epidemiology ; SEER Program ; bladder cancer ; transurethral resection ; en-bloc resection ; CPT1A ; fatty acids ; serine ; androgen response ; ROS ; oxidative stress ; DONSON ; Downstream Neighbor of SON ; biomarker ; metastatic spread ; diagnosis ; differential diagnosis ; histopathology ; immunohistochemistry ; stroma signature ; patient-derived xenografts ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: The management of wildlife populations and their habitats are interdisciplinary fields that encompass many scientific disciplines that also impact the lives of people. Therefore, these are truly applied sciences where human dimensions play an important role.This book highlights the importance of conducting rigorous studies to design and implement the effective management and restoration of wild populations and their habitats. A new paradigm in conservation is developing that goes beyond the boundaries of protected areas to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The 16 papers in this book, including reviews and a project report, cover a broad range of topics, exploring a diversity of subjects that are representative of current practices and novel applications.We would like to thank both the MDPI publishers and editorial staff for their support and help during the process of editing this book, in addition to the authors for their contributions.
    Keywords: road safety ; roadkill ; clustering ; growth rate ; traffic intensity ; mitigation measures ; roadkill analysis ; movement patterns ; habitat characterisation ; multiple criteria ; multi-objective ranking ; environmental awareness ; machine learning ; random forest model ; structural equation modelling ; latent class analysis ; visitor mapping ; social–ecological systems ; cultural rural landscape ; protected areas ; rewilding ; rural socioeconomics ; forest expansion ; rural to urban land conversion ; biocultural heritage ; biodiversity ; naturalness ; land-cover change ; habitat quality ; InVEST ; ecosystem-based approach and assessment ; nature-based solution ; decision-making support ; national park management ; wildlife protection ; biodiversity conservation ; policy framework ; policy formulation ; China ; agricultural management ; amphibians ; beta diversity ; community ecology ; metacommunities ; constructed wetlands ; bats ; urban ecology ; long-term monitoring ; acoustics ; city parks ; community dynamics ; conservation evaluation ; at-risk species ; golden-winged warbler ; landowner incentives ; New England cottontail ; Natural Resources Conservation Service ; U.S. Department of Agriculture ; Working Lands for Wildlife ; camera-trapping ; conservation puma ; relative integrated anthropization index ; INRA ; South American grey fox ; habitat adaptability ; habitat model ; habitat selection ; habitat suitability ; use versus availability ; Maxent ; presence points ; GPS radio-collars ; anthropogenic variables ; species distribution models ; Spermophilus citellus ; maximum entropy modeling ; species distribution modeling ; climate change refugia ; urodela ; salamandridae ; caudata ; biosphere reserve ; habitat restoration ; species management ; life project ; activity patterns ; Lepus granatensis ; population decline ; niche ; Oryctolagus cuniculus ; roadside census ; predator–prey relationships ; spatio-temporal behavior ; abundance ; distance sampling ; population density ; R package ; wildlife survey ; uncertainty ; occupancy modeling ; road ecology ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: In the last few years, huge amounts of progress have been made regarding remote sensing in the field of computer vision. This success and progress is mostly due to the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) algorithms. In addition, the remote sensing community has shifted its attention to DL, and DL algorithms have been used to achieve significant success in many image analysis tasks. However, with regard to remote sensing, a number of challenges caused by difficulties in data acquisition and annotation have not been fully solved yet. This reprint is a collection of novel developments in the field of remote sensing using computer vision, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. The articles published involve fundamental theoretical analyses as well as those demonstrating their application to real-world problems.
    Keywords: tropical cyclone detection ; meteorological satellite images ; deep learning ; deep transfer learning ; generative adversarial networks ; image target detection ; multiple scales ; any angle object ; remote sensing of small objects ; point clouds ; 3D tracking ; state estimation ; Siamese network ; deep LK ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; multilayer feature aggregation ; attention mechanism ; remote sensing image scene classification (RSISC) ; hyperspectral image classification ; variational autoencoder ; generative adversarial network ; crossed spatial and spectral interactions ; crater detection algorithm (CDA) ; R-FCN ; self-calibrated convolution ; split attention mechanism ; transfer learning ; remote sensing ; oriented object detection ; rotated inscribed ellipse ; remote sensing images ; keypoint-based detection ; gated aggregation ; eccentricity-wise ; object detection ; remote sensing image ; anchor free ; oriented bounding boxes ; deformable convolution ; three-dimensional radar imaging ; convolution neural network ; super-resolution ; side-lobe suppression ; terahertz radar ; aerial image generation ; satellite image generation ; structure map ; style vector ; high resolution image ; self-constructing graph ; semantic segmentation ; GAN ; image generation ; data augmentation ; remote sensing disaster image ; convolutional neural network ; double-stream structure ; feedback ; encoder–decoder network ; dense connections ; instance segmentation ; Swin transformer ; cascade mask R-CNN ; remote sensing image retrieval ; hashing algorithm ; binary code ; triplet ordinal relation preserving ; cross entropy ; feature distillation ; forest fire ; smoke segmentation ; Smoke-Unet ; residual block ; Landsat-8 ; band sensibility ; unsupervised domain adaptation ; bidirectional domain adaptation ; image-to-image translation ; generative adversarial networks (GANs) ; U-Net ; high-density laser scanning ; logging trails ; digital surface model ; canopy height model ; commercial thinning ; convolutional neural networks ; multiview ; satellite and UAV image ; joint description ; image matching ; neural network ; contextual information ; Anchor Free Region Proposal Network ; polar representation ; 3D object detection ; point cloud ; sampling ; single-stage ; rotated object detection ; angle-based detector ; angle-free framework ; rotated region of interests (RRoIs) ; representative points ; plastic ; UAVs ; contrastive learning ; mutual guidance ; spatial misalignment ; vehicle detection ; ANN ; automatic classification ; risk mitigation ; machine learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Emotion is a complex phenomenon that varies from person to person. Different emotional states of a person can be inferred through external and internal reactions that change in different situations. Emotion recognition has become a research milestone in cognitive science, neuroscience, computer science, psychology, artificial intelligence, and other areas. Emotion recognition research uses non-physiological signals such as facial expression, speech, and body movement, as well as physiological signals and images such as electrical skin resistance (GSR), heart rate (HR), electrocardiogram (ECG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetoencephalogram (MEG). This book provides a comprehensive overview of the different techniques used in emotion recognition and discusses recent developments, perspectives, and applications in the field.
    Keywords: machine learning ; deep learning ; feature extraction ; emotional intelligence ; creativity ; consumer behavior ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human–computer interaction::UYZG User interface design and usability
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This reprint focusses on Smartness, a multidisciplinary topic, which is examined from four perspectives: Sensors, IoT, and Data Generation; Data and Information Processing; Actuation; and Digital Systems and Infrastructure. We see smartness in the way sensing is embedded in a system, the way data and information are processed, how a system interacts internally and with its environment, and whether a system is ubiquitous or limited by space (cloud-based or edge-enabled). This reprint contains a total of 14 chapters, which are grouped according to their areas of application: mobility and transportation, healthcare, industrial environments, and other urban infrastructures. This book covers a range of topics, including mobility; healthcare; image analysis; permeable pavements; solid-waste management; sensor node and gateway architectures; cloud, fog, and edge computing; air-quality monitoring; thermal anomalies and smart helmets in industrial environments; smart airports; smart districts; smart travel choices; sensor cities; artificially intelligent cities; platform urbanism; and more.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence (AI) ; artificially intelligent city ; artificially intelligence commons ; smart city ; smart urban technology ; urban informatics ; sustainable urban development ; climate change ; pandemics ; natural disasters ; sensor city ; City 4.0 ; smart urbanism ; smart governance ; disruptive urban transition ; Internet-of-Things (IoT) ; technology giants ; sensors ; transit ; bus ; transfer ; smart card ; spatial analysis ; mode choice ; internet of everything (IoE) ; 6th generation (6G) networks ; artificial intelligence ; Distributed AI as a Service (DAIaaS) ; fog computing ; edge computing ; cloud computing ; smart airport ; smart districts ; PPE ; OHS ; risk detection ; naive Bayes ; support vector machine ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; microcontroller ; edge-fog-cloud computing ; Internet of Things ; robotics ; autonomous driving ; image registration ; smart sensor ; real time big data ; land-use ; air quality ; particulate matter (PM10 PM2.5) ; Intelligent Transportation Systems ; functional requirements ; machine learning ; model actionability ; model evaluation ; cloud server ; customized sensor node ; customized gateway ; FLoRa simulation ; LoRa range radio ; solid waste management ; smart cities ; big data ; event detection ; road traffic ; distributed machine learning ; automatic labeling ; social media ; data analytics ; social media analytics ; Arabic tweets ; 3D microstructure reconstruction ; permeable pavement ; generative adversarial networks ; tiny AI ; tiny ML ; distributed AI as a service (DAIaaS) ; skin disease diagnosis ; healthcare ; smart societies ; smart healthcare ; reference architecture ; TensorFlow ; visually impaired ; smart mobility ; LiDAR ; ultrasonic ; obstacle detection ; obstacle recognition ; assistive tools ; green computing ; sustainability ; Arduino Uno ; smart app ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Coastal regions are susceptible to rapid changes, as they constitute the boundary between the land and the sea. The resilience of a particular segment of coast depends on many factors, including climate change, sea-level changes, natural and technological hazards, extraction of natural resources, population growth, and tourism. Recent research highlights the strong capabilities for remote sensing applications to monitor, inventory, and analyze the coastal environment. This book contains 12 high-quality and innovative scientific papers that explore, evaluate, and implement the use of remote sensing sensors within both natural and built coastal environments.
    Keywords: big data applications ; data processing ; data visualization ; neural networks ; reduction ; coastal waters ; urban expansion ; remote sensing and GIS ; expansion types and rates ; major explanatory factors ; Miami metropolitan area ; cliff coastlines ; cliff retreat ; time-series analysis ; airborne laser scanner ; warm upwelling ; sea surface temperature ; numerical modelling ; winter ; southern Baltic Sea ; beach monitoring ; mobile terrestrial LiDAR ; intensity calibration ; beach surface moisture ; Baltic coast ; Poland ; CORINE Land Cover ; land cover flow ; urbanisation ; afforestation ; deforestation ; spatial analysis ; SDGs ; coastal habitats ; ecosystem monitoring ; land cover mapping ; random forest algorithm ; Sentinel-2 ; modified soil-adjusted vegetation index 2–MSAVI2 ; normalized difference water index 2–NDWI2 ; brightness index 2–BI2 ; oil spill ; remote sensing ; review ; machine learning ; deep learning ; trajectory modeling ; vulnerability assessment ; coastal geomorphology ; shoreline change ; coastal process ; monitoring ; geomatic techniques ; Po River Delta ; archival multi-temporal data ; coastline changes ; emerged/submerged surfaces ; land subsidence ; relative sea level rise 2100 ; land cover ; dune coast ; air photograph ; South Baltic Sea ; coastal monitoring ; estuaries ; IoT ; lidar ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Agricultural production management is facing a new era of intelligence and automation. With developments in sensor technologies, the temporal, spectral, and spatial resolution from ground/air/space platforms have been notably improved. Optical sensors play an essential role in agriculture production management. Specifically, monitoring plant health, growth conditions, and insect infestation has traditionally involved extensive fieldwork. We believe that sensors, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are not simply scientific experiments but opportunities to make our agricultural production management more efficient and cost-effective, further contributing to the healthy development of natural–human systems. This reprint compiles the latest research on optical sensors and machine learning in agricultural monitoring, including related topics: Machine learning approaches for crop health, growth, and yield monitoring; Combined multisource/multi-sensor data to improve the crop parameters mapping; Crop-related growth models, artificial intelligence models, algorithms, and precision management; Farmland environmental monitoring and management; Ground, air, and space platforms application in precision agriculture; Development and application of field robotics; High-throughput field information survey; Phenological monitoring.
    Keywords: soil moisture content ; spectral processing technology ; hyperspectral ; principal component analysis ; feature parameters extraction ; yield estimation ; rice ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; tasseled cap transformation ; precision agriculture ; weed identification ; YOLOv4-Tiny ; attention mechanism ; multiscale detection ; angle normalization ; vegetation canopy reflectance ; geostationary satellite ; path length correction ; Minnaert model ; GOCI ; winter wheat ; LSTM ; LAI ; deep learning ; land use ; land cover ; classification ; random forest ; Sentinel data ; SRTM ; feature selection ; accuracy ; validation ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; soybean ; convolutional neural network ; multispectral imagery ; fusarium head blight ; texture indices ; machine learning ; cropland ; multi-seasonal ; fractal feature ; feature extraction ; accuracy evaluation ; black soil ; UAV ; chlorophyll ; fractional vegetation cover ; maturity monitoring ; anomaly detection ; smart agriculture ; detection of apple leaf diseases ; YOLOv5 ; transformer ; CBAM ; crop type classification ; multi-temporal ; remote sensing ; dairy cows ; body condition score ; 3D TOF sensor ; non-contact evaluation ; recognize area of interest ; sugarcane clones ; canopy cover ; light interception ; biomass ; cane yield ; peanut southern blight ; reflection spectrum ; spectral index ; continuous wavelet transform ; VGNet ; corn diseases ; leaf detection ; lightweight ; transfer learning ; agriculture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Social media has the potential to provide rapid insights into unfolding public health emergencies such as infectious disease outbreaks. They can also be drawn upon for rapid, survey-based insights into various health topics. Social media has also been utilised by medical professionals for the purposes of sharing scholarly works, international collaboration, and engaging in policy debates. One benefit of using social media platforms to gain insight into health is that they have the ability to capture unfiltered public opinion in large volumes, avoiding the potential biases introduced by surveys or interviews. Social media platforms can also be utilised to pilot surveys, for instance, though the use of Twitter polls. Social media data have also been drawn upon in medical emergencies and crisis situations as a public health surveillance tool. A number of software and online tools also exist, developed specifically to aide public health research utilising social media data. In recent years, ethical issues regarding the retrieval and analysis of data have also arisen.
    Keywords: social media ; disordered eating behaviours ; body image ; female ; university students ; telemedicine ; carbon dioxide ; air pollutants ; vehicle emissions ; primary care ; machine learning ; teleconsultation ; remote consultation ; classification ; public health ; short video ; social network ; TAM ; cost analysis ; health technology assessment ; provider-to-provider telemedicine ; telehealth ; economic analysis ; questionnaires and surveys ; validation studies ; health personnel ; electronic nicotine delivery systems ; smoking ; twitter ; poor doctor-patient relationship ; healthcare consultation ; mobile context ; computer-mediated communication ; point-of-care systems ; ultrasonography ; traffic-related pollution ; primary health care ; acceptability of health care ; surveys and questionnaires ; health communication ; Spanish official medical colleges ; stakeholders ; Twitter ; systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) ; network analysis ; topic modeling ; text analysis ; online media ; vaccination ; social marketing ; stroke ; prehospital emergency care ; training ; stroke code ; large vessel occlusion ; prehospital scales ; hearing loss ; latent topic ; LDA ; social Q&amp ; A ; public voice ; public health emergency ; policy evolution ; product innovation ; cooperative governance ; COVID-19 ; coronavirus ; masks ; transmission ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This book focuses on fundamental and applied research on construction project management. It presents research papers and practice-oriented papers. The execution of construction projects is specific and particularly difficult because each implementation is a unique, complex, and dynamic process that consists of several or more subprocesses that are related to each other, in which various aspects of the investment process participate. Therefore, there is still a vital need to study, research, and conclude the engineering technology and management applied in construction projects. This book present unanimous research approach is a result of many years of studies, conducted by 35 well experienced authors. The common subject of research concerns the development of methods and tools for modeling multi-criteria processes in construction engineering.
    Keywords: earned value method—EVM ; time variances ; cost variances ; schedule ; cadastre ; land surveyor ; construction surveying ; building layout ; polar coordinates ; stake-out methods ; total station ; construction reports ; construction contracts ; natural language processing ; machine learning ; simulation modeling ; bridge expansion and contraction installation (BECI) ; decision making (DM) ; technical condition assessment ; analytic hierarchy process (AHP) ; whale optimization algorithm ; Tent chaotic mapping ; Lévy flight ; resilience ; baseline schedule ; uncertainty ; taxonomy ; construction project ; PERT ; theory of constraint (TOC) ; drum-buffer-rope (DBR) ; construction schedule ; monitoring progress ; construction phase ; automated monitoring ; digital tools ; as-built ; as-planned ; efficiency ; risk ; randomization ; association analysis ; tabu search ; delay ; time schedules ; project risk ; construction project management ; Time-at-Risk (TaR) ; investment-construction process model ; Monte Carlo simulation ; decision-making process ; decision modelling in construction activities ; decisions in civil engineering ; liquid cooling system ; flow calibration ; differential pressure ; experimental method ; aircraft ; building information modelling (BIM) ; automatisation ; facilities design ; domestic plumbing and sanitation ; management ; project cost ; investment schedule ; risk mitigation ; randomness ; fuzziness ; health and safety control ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This reprint includes contributions from leaders in the field of personalized medicine in ophthalmology. The contributions are diverse and cover pre-clinical and clinical topics. We hope you enjoy reading the articles.
    Keywords: subthreshold micropulse laser ; 577-nm laser ; laser fixed parameters ; diabetic retinopathy ; diabetic macular edema ; optical coherence tomography ; autofluorescence ; real-life ; diabetic macular oedema ; visual prognosis ; indicators ; personalized medicine ; age-related macular degeneration ; choroidal neovascularization ; classification ; machine learning ; type 2 diabetes ; retinopathy ; ethnicity ; general practice ; risk factors ; progression ; glycemic gap ; glucose variability ; ETDRS classification ; biomarkers ; phenotypes ; anti-vascular endothelial growth factor ; diabetic retinopathy severity scale ; panretinal leakage index ; neovascular age-related macular degeneration ; anti-VEGF therapy ; retinal thickness ; visual acuity ; variability ; leakage index ; microaneurysms ; intravitreal aflibercept ; neovascularization ; ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography ; retinal imaging ; quantitative biomarkers ; precision medicine ; autoantibodies ; AT1-receptor ; PAR1 ; VEGF-A ; VEGF-B ; VEGF-receptor 2 ; AMD ; complement system ; semi-quantitative multiplex profilin ; mass spectrometry ; C4 ; vitronectin ; factor I ; genetic variants ; metabolites ; HDL ; central area thickness ; biomarker ; microRNA ; anti-VEGF ; retina ; edema ; OCT ; tomography ; microphysiological systems ; blood-neural barriers ; neurovascular unit ; disease modeling ; 3D models ; organ-on-a-chip ; inner blood-retinal barrier ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The need for energy is increasing and at the same time production from the conventional reservoirs is declining quickly. This requires an economically and technically feasible source of energy for the coming years. Among some alternative future energy solutions the most approachable source is from unconventional reservoirs. As the name “unconventional” implies it requires different and challenging approach to characterize and to develop such a resource. This special issue covers some of the technical challenges for developing unconventional energy sources from shale gas/oil, tight gas sand, and coalbed methane.
    Keywords: bedding fractures ; failure criterion ; lamina ; tight oil ; tight sandstone ; finite element simulation ; numerical simulation ; unconventional reservoir ; permeability ; group method of data handling ; artificial neural network ; well logs ; sensitivity analysis ; tight gas reservoir ; multi-fractured horizontal well (MFHW) ; unstable productivity model ; productivity forecast ; influencing factor analysis ; horizontal well with multiple finite-conductivity fractures ; elliptical-shaped drainage ; productivity index ; non-Darcy flow ; pressure-dependent conductivity ; reservoir properties ; void space structure ; porosity ; complex rocks ; NMR ; MICP ; CT ; SEM ; coal-bearing tight sandstone ; organic-rich clasts ; occurrence ; classifications ; formation mechanisms ; Ordos Basin ; hydraulic fracturing ; fracturing fluids ; fluids-rock interaction ; environmental implication ; history matching ; semianalytic model ; unconventional gas reservoirs ; multistage fractured horizontal wells ; fractal theory ; pore structure ; heterogeneity ; NMR measurements ; multifractal analysis ; shale reservoir ; elastic properties ; brittleness ; rock physics ; brittle spot identification ; shale gas ; reservoir characteristics ; gas content ; eastern Sichuan Basin ; the Da’anzhai member ; pulse decay method ; gas adsorption ; dual media ; unconventional core ; natural fracture ; influencing factor ; oil production ; carbonate rock ; basement reservoir ; Jizhong Sub-basin ; dynamic pore network modeling ; shale reservoirs ; water imbibition ; discrete element method ; modified fluid-mechanical coupling algorithm ; injection sequence ; well spacing ; stress shadow effect ; seismic location ; microseismic events ; waveform stacking ; induced seismicity ; CBM ; surfactant ; solid-free drilling fluid ; CBM reservoir wettability ; machine learning ; lithofacies ; umiat ; Alaska ; proppant transportation ; cross fractures ; CFD simulation ; dimensional analysis ; equilibrium proppant height ; coalbed methane ; Lattice Boltzmann method ; gas diffusion ; adsorption–desorption ; pore-scale ; clay minerals ; pore structures ; tight gas reservoirs ; Xujiaweizi Rift ; Northern Songliao Basin ; methane adsorption isotherm ; coal properties ; gradient boosting decision tree ; estimation model ; shale gas reservoir ; geology ; Gibbs excess adsorption ; supercritical adsorption ; gas viscosity ; high voltage spark discharge ; electrohydraulic effect ; electrical conductivity ; drilling ; rock damage ; pressure waves ; water fracturing ; turbulence effect ; Eulerian multiphase modeling ; proppant transport mechanism ; equilibrium height prediction model ; adaptive filtering ; complex noise canceling ; electromagnetic telemetry ; multifractured horizontal wells ; production analysis ; irregular stimulated region ; natural gas hydrate ; seismic modeling ; fractional derivatives ; gas geochemical characteristics ; noble gas ; shale gas evolution ; Large Igneous Province (LIP) ; gas loss ; geological structure ; gas controlling pattern ; neutral surface ; tectonic movement ; Bumu region ; seismic interpretation ; depositional environments characteristics ; Wheeler diagram ; seismic attributes ; heterogeneous sequence ; sample size ; neutron scattering ; mercury injection capillary pressure ; adsorption ; shale ; junggar basin ; hong-che fault zone ; carboniferous ; volcanic reservoir ; main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation ; fracture ; vug ; micro CT ; carbonate ; wave velocity ; amorphous SiO2 ; X-ray diffraction ; X-ray fluorescence spectrometry ; scanning electron microscope ; quantitative analysis ; void ratio ; FEM ; ABAQUS ; matrix porosity ; kerogen porosity ; water saturation ; gas hydrate ; saturation ; deep learning ; recurrent neural network ; molecular simulation ; enhanced oil recovery ; methane ; shale petroleum ; technological development ; patent ; network analysis ; imbibition ; osmosis ; unconventional formations ; EOR ; water flooding ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue (SI) on “Land Degradation Assessment with Earth Observation” comprises 17 original research papers with a focus on land degradation in arid, semiarid and dry-subhumid areas (i.e., desertification) in addition to temperate rangelands, grasslands, woodlands and the humid tropics. The studies cover different spatial, spectral and temporal scales and employ a wealth of different optical and radar sensors. Some studies incorporate time-series analysis techniques that assess the general trend of vegetation or the timing and duration of the reduction in biological productivity caused by land degradation. As anticipated from the latest trend in Earth Observation (EO) literature, some studies utilize the cloud-computing infrastructure of Google Earth Engine to cope with the unprecedented volume of data involved in current methodological approaches. This SI clearly demonstrates the ever-increasing relevance of EO technologies when it comes to assessing and monitoring land degradation. With the recently published IPCC Reports informing us of the severe impacts and risks to terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems and the ecosystem services they provide, the EO scientific community has a clear obligation to increase its efforts to address any remaining gaps—some of which have been identified in this SI—and produce highly accurate and relevant land-degradation assessment and monitoring tools.
    Keywords: bfast ; Mann–Kendall ; Sen’s slope ; East Africa ; NDVI ; breakpoint analysis ; vegetation trends ; greening ; browning ; Kenya ; Uganda ; trend analysis ; land use ; land cover ; spatial heterogeneity ; mining development ; geographically weighted regression (GWR) ; Mann-Kendall ; arid and semi-arid areas ; salinization ; irrigated systems ; Niger River basin ; salinity index ; vegetation index ; TI-NDVI ; Sentinel-2 images ; high temporal resolution ; wind erosion modeling ; RWEQ ; GEE ; central Asia ; spatial-temporal variation ; land degradation ; archetypes ; self-organizing maps ; drivers ; savannah ; Nigeria ; reference levels ; REDD+ ; greenhouse gas emissions ; Xishuangbanna ; monitoring and reporting ; Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) ; Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) ; drought ; land use-land cover ; remote sensing ; Botswana ; developing countries ; Google Earth Engine ; Landsat time series analysis ; semi-arid areas ; sustainable land management programmes ; precipitation ; breakpoints and timeseries analysis ; ecosystem structural change ; BFAST ; land degradation neutrality ; SDG ; land productivity ; Landsat ; vegetation-precipitation relationship ; soil organic carbon ; Kobresia pygmaea community ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; Gaofen satellite ; spatial distribution ; aridity index ; satellite-based aridity index ; remote sensing index ; salinized land degradation index (SDI) ; Amu Darya delta (ADD) ; satellite imagery ; gully mapping ; machine learning ; random forest ; support vector machines ; South Africa ; semi-arid environment ; shrub encroachment ; slangbos ; Earth observation ; time series ; Sentinel-1 ; Sentinel-2 ; Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ; Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) ; Kyrgyzstan ; pastures ; MODIS ; land surface phenology ; drought impacts ; drought adaptation ; drought index ; vegetation resilience ; drought vulnerability ; standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index ; AVHRR ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book discusses various topics in pharmacovigilance. The first section addresses such topics as approaches to minimize adverse drug reactions, different stakeholders and their importance in pharmaceutical policy development, changing needs for pharmacovigilance in the African region, machine learning applications in pharmacovigilance, and pharmacovigilance of biological drugs. The second section discusses signal detection, which is a promising approach that helps in the early identification of new, rare drug reactions (desired or undesired).
    Keywords: machine learning ; data mining ; elderly ; biosimilar ; supervised learning ; mental disorders ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Today, modern Geotechnical Engineers, who in the past would have considered the phenomena occurring in the (primarily soil) environment, are faced with developments in environmental sciences that are becoming increasingly more detailed and sophisticated, with the natural phenomena and processes surrounding the civil engineering infrastructure being modeled, designed, monitored, and assessed in a more holistic way. This book brings together the state of the art in geotechnics with a focus on sustainable design, resilience, construction, and monitoring of the performance of geotechnical assets from ground investigations, through foundation and drainage design to soil stabilization and reinforcement. Engineers and scientists working in the fields of green infrastructure, nature-based solutions, sustainable drainage, eco-engineering, hydro-geology, landscape planning, plant science, environmental biology or bio-chemistry, earth sciences, GIS, and remote sensing are represented here by articles that show significant geotechnical components or applications. Case studies showcasing the application of the sustainable development principles (e.g., reuse, recycle, reduce; stakeholder engagement; public health; UN Global Sustainability Goals) in Geotechnics are also included in this book.
    Keywords: machine learning ; random forest ; particle swarm optimization ; Vietnam ; Seepage ; Earth-fill dam ; Experimental analysis ; Numerical analysis ; SEEP/W model ; Dam safety and sustainability ; highway construction ; environmental protection ; soil loss ; erosion control ; risk ; hazard ; vulnerability ; landslides ; multicriteria assessment ; analytical hierarchy process ; calcium sulfoaluminate cement ; stabilized soil ; unconfined compressive strength ; hydration products ; microstructure ; sustainability ; geosynthetics ; poly(lactic acid) ; biopolymers ; geogrids ; tensile strength ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of testing of different materials and elements in civil engineering, from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in concrete elements and structures, and acoustic methods predominate in this field. As in medicine, the trend is towards designing test equipment that allows one to obtain a picture of the inside of the tested element and materials. Interesting results with significance for building practices were obtained.
    Keywords: rock bolt ; grouting quality ; dynamic response ; natural frequency ; finite element method ; monitoring ; historical masonry wall ; hygrothermal processes ; internal insulation ; testing of building materials ; test uncertainty ; validation of test methods ; sustainable test methods ; recycling ; foamed asphalt mixtures with cement (FAC) ; base layer ; reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) ; fatigue durability ; GFRP ; FRP reinforcement ; shear ; capacity ; reinforced concrete beams ; column ; stiffness ; FRCM ; PBO mesh ; PBO–FRCM ; carpentry joints ; scarf and splice joints ; stop-splayed scarf joints (‘bolt of lightning’) ; static behaviour ; experimental research ; concrete ; non-destructive testing ; ultrasounds ; ultrasonic tomography ; acoustic methods ; defects ; diagnostic ; detection ; convolutional neural networks ; transfer learning ; monitoring FBG ; power transmission tower ; civil engineering ; X-ray microtomography ; microstructure characteristics ; infiltration damage ; high-strength concrete ; steel fibres ; flexural tensile strength ; fracture energy ; numerical analysis ; concrete floors ; compressive strength ; strength distribution ; industrial floors ; ultrasound tests ; ventilated facades ; large-scale facade model ; fire safety ; fiber cement board ; large-slab ceramic tile ; plasterboards ; moisture content ; hydration processes ; mechanical properties ; ultrasound measurements ; ESD resin ; expansion joint ; quasi-plastic material ; energy absorption ; asphalt mix ; compaction index ; volumetric parameters ; stiffness modulus ; moisture resistance ; roughness ; texture ; close-range photogrammetry ; bond strength ; random field generation ; semivariograms ; hybrid truss bridge ; steel–concrete connection joint ; mechanical behavior ; failure mode ; strain ; static test ; static elastic modulus ; dynamic elastic modulus ; machine learning ; P-wave ; S-wave ; resonance frequency test ; nondestructive method ; Al–Ti laminate ; fracture ; acoustic emission diagnostic ; pattern recognition ; clustering AE signal ; storage systems ; tab connector ; flexural test ; capable design moment ; restrained ring test ; autogenous shrinkage cracking ; concrete cracking test ; concrete shrinkage cracking test ; restrined ring calibration ; cement–fiber boards ; acoustic emission method ; k-means algorithm ; wavelet analysis ; fiber composites ; ground penetrating radar (GPR) ; HMA dielectric constant ; road pavement thickness estimation ; early age concrete ; damage processes detection before loading ; strength of structures ; aggregate ; classification ; wire mesh ; roundness ; tilting angle ; opening size ; concrete centrifugation ; morphology ; image processing ; porosity ; cement ; waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) ; controlled low-strength material (CLSM) ; unconfined compressive strength ; bearing capacity ; backfill material ; P-wave velocity ; amplitude attenuation ; resistivity ; CT scan ; sandstone ; damage variable ; nuclear magnetic resonance ; spin-lattice relaxometry ; proton ; hydration kinetics ; superplasticizer ; ready-mixed concrete ; construction material ; quality assessment ; conformity criteria ; statistical-fuzzy method ; FRTP ; rivet ; connection ; polyethylene pipe ; mechanical properties of polyethylene ; resistance strain ; computer simulation ; residual shear stress ; particle crushing ; ring shear test ; particle flow code (PFC2D) ; frictional work ; fibre-reinforced concrete ; recycled steel fibres ; micro-computed tomography ; scanning electron microscopy ; tensile strength ; reinforced concrete ; diagnostic testing ; corrosion ; carbonation ; galvanostatic pulse method ; phase composition analysis ; X-ray analysis ; thermal analysis ; quasi-brittle cement composites ; low-module polypropylene fibres ; elastic range ; digital image correlation ; Arcan shear test ; wood ; orthotropic shear modulus ; elastic-plastic material ; shear wave velocity ; sand ; bender elements test ; grain-size characteristics ; complex modulus ; shrinkage analysis ; reclaimed asphalt ; mineral–cement emulsion mixtures ; cement dusty by-products (UCPPs) ; degradation of glass panels ; effective area ratio ; relative mass loss ; visible light transmittance ; windblown sand ; wood-plastic composites ; methods of testing resistance to fungi ; methods of assessment ; ground-penetrating radar (GPR) ; non-destructive techniques (NDT) ; corrosion of reinforcement ; slip resistance ; granite floor ; slip resistance value ; ramp test ; acceptance angle ; sliding friction coefficient ; comparability of test methods ; wall temperature ; fibre bragg grating sensors ; freeze-thaw cycles ; signal analysis ; short-time Fourier transform ; fast Fourier transform ; brine ; sodium chloride ; X-ray ; partition walls ; brick walls ; bending strength ; cracking ; post-tension ; cable ; girder ; destructive test ; non-destructive test ; structural health monitoring ; safety ; monitoring fibre Bragg grating ; mining areas ; strain/stress distribution ; geopolymer concrete ; fly-ash ; bottom-ash ; neural network ; sustainability ; industrial waste management ; flexural strength ; cladding ; AE acoustic emission ; micro-events ; sound spectrum ; traditional and quasi-brittle cement composites ; residual-state creep ; saturation front ; landslides ; erosional stability ; laboratory testing ; grout mixtures ; groundwater ; test apparatus ; testing ; building materials ; elements ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The use of telemedicine and mobile devices is growing, and sensors might aid in creating creative solutions. Developing these solutions is crucial for monitoring senior citizens, lifestyles, and medical procedures. This Special Issue’s goal was to bring together academics and professionals in healthcare and medicine interested in using information and communication technologies (ICT) to serve people with special needs. The development of assistive technology for various users to follow sports and other activities is strongly tied to this study area. Data protection is crucial, and the development of these solutions for medical uses should be verified. The security and privacy of the information may be tied to other recognized research projects for their acceptability. ICT research has considerably improved quality of life and has fully assimilated all citizens into society through medical rehabilitation and assistive technology. The technologies and research fields that influence medical informatics include databases, networking, graphical user interfaces, data mining, machine learning, intelligent decision support systems, and specialized programming languages. Because mobile devices are commonly used for several everyday chores and are equipped with sensors that monitor various physical and physiological indicators, it is crucial to encourage the development of m-Health and e-Health solutions for healthcare practitioners. In this area, several solutions are now being developed. In addition, they can collaborate with emerging technologies for social assistance while enhancing life quality.
    Keywords: data privacy ; taxonomy ; IoT ; COVID-19 ; mobile application ; accelerometer sensor ; stand-up time ; total time ; aging ; linear-map convolutional neural network ; direct acyclic graph ; action recognition ; spatial feature ; temporal feature ; frailty ; home monitoring ; user-centered design ; usability ; user experience ; acceptance ; activity recognition ; Internet of Things ; smart house ; deep learning ; channel state information ; glaucoma screening ; retinal images ; segmentation ; classification ; precision nutrition ; food plans ; machine learning ; food logging ; Eight Hop Test ; systematic review ; measurement ; sensors ; diseases ; wrist-wearable device ; PPG processing ; physiological parameters ; web-based applications ; data analysis ; elderly monitoring ; successful aging ; gerontechnology ; AAL ; healthcare ; prevalidation ; deployment ; chronic heart failure ; large-scale pilot ; H2020 ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This overview of the most recent advances in the field of SMA research and applications in civil engineering aims to help remove the knowledge barriers across disciplines and sheds considerable light on the opportunity to commercialize SMA products in the construction industry.
    Keywords: seismic analysis ; rocking pier ; shape memory alloy ; ECC material ; bridge engineering ; television transmission tower ; seismic excitation ; shape memory alloy damper ; parametric study ; vibration control ; shape memory alloys ; engineered cementitious composites ; composites materials ; self-recovery capacity ; bending behavior ; machine learning ; artificial neural networks ; superelastic ; parameter identification ; constitutive model ; thermodynamic parameters ; shape memory alloy (SMA) ; self-centering SMA brace ; loading rate ; initial strain ; energy dissipation coefficient ; self-centering ; beam-column joints ; seismic performance ; iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) ; shape memory effect ; martensitic transformation ; prestressing ; low cycle fatigue ; seismic ; damping ; transmission tower ; wind excitation ; SMA damper ; energy response ; viscoelastic ; brace ; hybrid control ; seismic resilience ; self-centering rocking (SCR) piers ; seismic fragility ; resilience ; life-cycle loss ; ferrous shape memory alloys ; prestress ; recovery stress ; relaxation ; thermomechanical behavior ; fatigue ; active materials ; low-cost SMAs ; civil engineering applications ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKX Conservation of buildings and building materials
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Nowadays, forecast applications are receiving unprecedent attention thanks to their capability to improve the decision-making processes by providing useful indications. A large number of forecast approaches related to different forecast horizons and to the specific problem that have to be predicted have been proposed in recent scientific literature, from physical models to data-driven statistic and machine learning approaches. In this Special Issue, the most recent and high-quality researches about forecast are collected. A total of nine papers have been selected to represent a wide range of applications, from weather and environmental predictions to economic and management forecasts. Finally, some applications related to the forecasting of the different phases of COVID in Spain and the photovoltaic power production have been presented.
    Keywords: Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) ; IFS/ECMWF ; forecast ; evaluation ; DNI attenuation Index (DAI) ; bias correction ; nowcast ; meteorological radar data ; optical flow ; deep learning ; Bates–Granger weights ; uniform weights ; (REG) ARIMA ; ETS ; Hodrick–Prescott trend ; Google Trends indices ; Himalayan region ; streamflow forecast verification ; persistence ; snow-fed rivers ; intermittent rivers ; costumer relation management ; business to business sales prediction ; machine learning ; predictive modeling ; microsoft azure machine-learning service ; travel time forecasting ; time series ; bus service ; transit systems ; sustainable urban mobility plan ; bus travel time ; learning curve ; forecasting ; production cost ; cost estimating ; semi-empirical model ; logistic map ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; PV output power estimation ; PV-load decoupling ; behind-the-meter PV ; baseline prediction ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a popular area of research and has piqued the interest of academics and scholars worldwide. As such, many works have been done on IoT in a variety of application areas. Written by leading experts in the field, this book serves as a showcase of the breadth of IoT research conducted in recent years for people who, while not experts in the field, do have prior knowledge of the IoT. The book also serves curious, non-technical readers, enabling them to understand necessary concepts and terminologies associated with the IoT.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; iot ; machine learning ; healthcare ; ai ; ehealth ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UD Digital Lifestyle and online world: consumer and user guides::UDF Email: consumer / user guides
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book introduces and provides solutions to a variety of problems faced by society, companies and individuals in a quickly changing and technology-dependent world. The wide acceptance of artificial intelligence, the upcoming fourth industrial revolution and newly designed 6G technologies are seen as the main enablers and game changers in this environment. The book considers these issues not only from a technological viewpoint but also on how society, labor and the economy are affected, leading to a circular economy that affects the way people design, function and deploy complex systems.
    Keywords: Industry 4.0 ; cognitive manufacturing ; cognitive load ; human–computer interaction ; 6GIIoE priorities ; 6GIIoE challenges ; 6GIIoE applications ; information system ; sequential methodology ; 6GIIoE theoretical framework ; circular economy ; circular building ; implementation strategies ; design strategies ; circular resource flows ; digital twin ; digital model ; system optimization ; predictive maintenance ; artificial and human intelligence ; security ; risks and risk management ; quality of life ; common welfare ; socio-political assessment ; assembly ; process planning systems ; concurrent engineering ; automotive industry applications ; manufacturing industry applications ; artificial intelligence ; sustainable development ; construction ; civil engineering ; machine learning ; construction engineering ; cognitive data intelligence ; cognitive healthcare ; tiny machine learning ; 6GCIoHE theoretical framework ; data science ; statistical data processing ; predictive analytics ; classification ; clustering ; labor productivity ; health management ; health-saving strategies ; electric power industry ; bridge ; expansion joint ; joint gap ; smart bridge maintenance equipment ; sensor ; structural health monitoring ; line-scan camera ; machine vision ; change management ; COVID-19 ; decision-support model ; digitization ; employee motivation ; employee satisfaction ; human resources ; software tool ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 43
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint focuses on the current progress in sports medicine, with a specific interest in surgery, exercise therapy, and multi-disciplinary research. With the advancement of society, more attention is paid to the quality of life, which emphasizes the importance of sports and exercise. Correspondingly, there is a great need for sports medicine. This issue collected novel findings on sports medicine in surgery, conservative therapy, and the application of exercise training in other disorders
    Keywords: shoulder ; rotator cuff ; allografts ; demineralized bone matrix ; biologics ; diabetes mellitus ; aerobic training ; resistance training ; vascular function ; meta-analysis ; femoroacetabular impingement ; hip arthroscopy ; longitudinal capsulotomy ; femoroplasty ; labrum repair ; degenerative lumbar diseases ; albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio ; spinal fusion rate ; prognostic marker ; arterial hypertension ; exercise hypertension ; blood pressure ; exercise testing ; sports injuries ; machine learning ; injury prediction ; sports monitorization ; elite football ; performance ; systemic inflammation ; physical endurance ; physical fitness ; maximal aerobic capacity ; gingivitis ; cardiac rehabilitation ; exercise therapy ; balance exercises ; cardiovascular diseases ; ACLR ; hamstring tendon with preserved tibial insertion ; MRI ; T2 ; cartilage volume ; gait retraining ; running-related injuries ; kinetics ; kinematics ; rehabilitation ; rotator cuff tear ; rotator cuff repair ; bone quality ; osteopenia ; osteoporosis ; anchor pullout ; pullout strength ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 44
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Various molecular techniques based on omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics) and phylogenetics have been applied in biological sciences. Molecular dynamics and approaches evolved over time into various quantitative tools that allow researchers from multiple disciplines to design different studies. The molecular-based techniques can be comprehensive and systematic, as they allow identification, resolve genetic differences, molecular docking, and prediction models of ecological niches and taxonomic ranks. Investigating genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques utilize a novel class of DNA elements, such as microsatellites from mitochondria and chloroplast and retrotransposons, resulting in genetic variations using molecular data. In addition to this, the advantages and limitations of molecular approaches have been well studied and acknowledged. The combination of molecular phylogenetic and omics techniques and expression and pathways analysis may greatly increase our capacity to understand and develop new molecular mechanisms and stress responses in biological systems. Furthermore, these techniques offer extensive opportunities for researchers to develop targeted therapy approaches and disease diagnoses using molecular data. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how data from diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies. The study and applications of molecular approaches hold significant potential for advancing genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques in biological sciences.
    Keywords: autophagy-related protein ; degradation ; ubiquitin ; proteasome ; autophagy ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; Cry toxin ; nematicidal activity ; pore-formation ; diabetes ; vaccines ; clinical trials ; insulin ; GLP ; nitric oxide ; antioxidants ; metal-stress related transcripts ; rice ; Pb-stress ; Aurisin A ; beta-cyclodextrins ; inclusion complex ; lung cancer ; ruxolitinib ; JAK inhibitor ; rheumatoid arthritis ; molecular modeling ; TOR ; photosynthesis ; cell growth ; AZD8055 ; Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa ; ovarian cancer ; somatic BRCA mutational status ; digital pathology ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; super-secondary structure ; 3β-corner ; folding nuclei ; structure stability ; H Ferritin subunit ; PRDX6 ; protein-protein interaction ; seed-specific transcription factors ; signaling pathways ; seed size ; seed development ; juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; transcriptome-wide association study ; gene-based association analysis ; enrichment analysis ; gene regulatory network ; computational cancer biology ; precision medicine ; oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) ; data bank ; AlphaFold 2.0 ; graph neural network ; protein features ; nasopharyngeal carcinoma ; bioinformatics ; genes ; melon ; CmSUN ; IQ67 domain ; expression analysis ; overexpression phenotype ; fruit shape regulation ; protein interaction ; smooth muscle titin ; protein aggregates ; amyloid aggregation ; amyloids ; cross-β ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 45
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Recent years have seen a vast development in various methodologies for object detection and feature extraction and recognition, both in theory and in practice. When processing images, videos, or other types of multimedia, one needs efficient solutions to perform fast and reliable processing. Computational intelligence is used for medical screening where the detection of disease symptoms is carried out, in prevention monitoring to detect suspicious behavior, in agriculture systems to help with growing plants and animal breeding, in transportation systems for the control of incoming and outgoing transportation, for unmanned vehicles to detect obstacles and avoid collisions, in optics and materials for the detection of surface damage, etc. In many cases, we use developed techniques which help us to recognize some special features. In the context of this innovative research on computational intelligence, the Special Issue “Advanced Computational Intelligence for Object Detection, Feature Extraction and Recognition in Smart Sensor Environments” present an excellent opportunity for the dissemination of recent results and achievements for further innovations and development. It is my pleasure to present this collection of excellent contributions to the research community. - Prof. Marcin Woźniak, Silesian University of Technology, Poland –
    Keywords: Traffic sign detection and tracking (TSDR) ; advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) ; computer vision ; 3D convolutional neural networks ; machine learning ; CT brain ; brain hemorrhage ; visual inspection ; one-class classifier ; grow-when-required neural network ; evolving connectionist systems ; automatic design ; bio-inspired techniques ; artificial bee colony ; image analysis ; feature extraction ; ship classification ; marine systems ; citrus ; pests and diseases identification ; convolutional neural network ; parameter efficiency ; vehicle detection ; YOLOv2 ; focal loss ; anchor box ; multi-scale ; deep learning ; neural network ; generative adversarial network ; synthetic images ; tool wear monitoring ; superalloy tool ; image recognition ; object detection ; UAV imagery ; vehicular traffic flow detection ; vehicular traffic flow classification ; vehicular traffic congestion ; video classification ; benchmark ; semantic segmentation ; atrous convolution ; spatial pooling ; ship radiated noise ; underwater acoustics ; surface electromyography (sEMG) ; convolution neural networks (CNNs) ; hand gesture recognition ; fabric defect ; mixed kernels ; cross-scale ; cascaded center-ness ; deformable localization ; continuous casting ; surface defects ; 3D imaging ; defect detection ; object detector ; object tracking ; activity measure ; Yolo ; deep sort ; Hungarian algorithm ; optical flows ; spatiotemporal interest points ; sports scene ; CT images ; convolutional neural networks ; hepatic cancer ; visual question answering ; three-dimensional (3D) vision ; reinforcement learning ; human–robot interaction ; few shot learning ; SVM ; CNN ; cascade classifier ; video surveillance ; RFI ; artefacts ; InSAR ; image processing ; pixel convolution ; thresholding ; nearest neighbor filtering ; data acquisition ; augmented reality ; pose estimation ; industrial environments ; information retriever sensor ; multi-hop reasoning ; evidence chains ; complex search request ; high-speed trains ; hunting ; non-stationary ; feature fusion ; multi-sensor fusion ; unmanned aerial vehicles ; drone detection ; UAV detection ; visual detection ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on the current state of pharmacogenomics (PGx) and the extensive translational process, including the identification of functionally important PGx variation; the characterization of PGx haplotypes and metabolizer statuses, their clinical interpretation, clinical decision support, and the incorporation of PGx into clinical care.
    Keywords: pharmacogenomics ; return of results ; genetic counseling ; qualitative ; pharmacogenetics ; implementation ; pharmacogenetics service ; screening ; pre-emptive ; personalized medicine ; precision medicine ; community pharmacy ; pharmacogenomic testing ; genetic privacy ; pharmaco-economics ; polymorphisms ; pharmacogenes ; pharmacogenomic ; machine learning ; adaptation ; human evolution ; US Food and Drug Administration ; clinical actionability ; clinical translation ; chronic kidney disease ; CYP3A5 ; polymorphism ; progression ; pharmacogenomics (PGx) ; pediatrics ; best practice alerts (BPAs) ; electronic health records (EHR) ; genomic indicators ; clinical decision support (CDS) ; phenotype ; genotype ; polypharmacy ; chronic disease ; medication management ; electronic medical record ; artificial intelligence ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 47
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Transportation is one of the most crucial aspects across the world, supporting the daily life of human beings and the sustainable development of the whole of society. Generally, meteorology causes various impacts on transportation operation, safety and efficiency. In the context of global warming, increasing numbers of extreme weather and climate events (such as fog, icy roads, and extreme winds) have been detected worldwide and are expected to occur more frequently in the future. Meanwhile, extreme events, such as dense fog, rainstorm, and blizzard, tend to damage transportation and traffic facilities (such as express ways, port, airport, and high-speed railway) and induce serious traffic blocks and accidents. In recent decades, concentrated and continuous efforts have been made to carry out meteorological analyses regardless of urban traffic or transportation conditions, including those of highways, shipping, aviation, etc. A number of methods and techniques have been intensively developed to promote the qualities of both observations and forecasts. More recently, state-of-the-art machine learning frameworks have also been widely introduced into studies regarding transportation meteorology and many other fields.
    Keywords: transportation meteorology ; pavement temperature prediction ; deep learning ; BiLSTM ; attention mechanisms ; winter icing ; air pollution ; traffic vitality ; built environment ; spatial correlation ; spatial lag model ; phone signaling data ; air quality ; behavioral habits ; activity density ; population distribution ; land use mix ; wind forecast ; error decomposition ; bias ; distribution ; sequence ; urban meteorology ; observation ; forecast ; early warning ; review ; China ; low-level wind shear ; ensemble learning classifiers ; Bayesian optimization ; SHapley Additive exPlanations ; wind shear ; go-around ; machine learning ; dynamic ensemble selection ; civil aviation safety ; pilot reports ; self-paced ensemble ; Shapley additive explanations ; climate change ; climatology ; sea ice ; marginal sea ; East Asia ; time-series modeling ; pavement temperature ; nowcasting ; variation characteristics ; forecast validation ; relative humidity ; microwave radiometer data ; total rainfall ; precipitation duration ; vertical distribution ; Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region ; rail breakage ; frequency ; high-speed railway ; Siberian high ; teleconnection ; temperature ; Qinling mountains ; rainfall ; change characteristics ; geographical factors ; highways ; road blockage ; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process ; CRITIC weight assignment method ; road network vulnerability ; spatiotemporal distribution ; precipitation forecast ; ConvLSTM ; PredRNN ; expressway ; agglomerate fog ; risk level prediction of fog-related accidents ; meteorological conditions ; road hidden dangers ; traffic flow conditions ; visibility ; Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea ; observation data ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: This reprint addresses healthcare transformation towards personalized, participative, preventive, predictive, and precision medicine (5P Medicine) with the support of new technologies such as micro-, nano-, and bio-techniques, as well as artificial intelligence and learning systems. It focuses, therefore, on the representation and management of knowledge from different domains and their actors, using their methodologies and languages but also individual skills and experiences. The outcome is a system-oriented, architecture-centric, ontology-based, policy-driven approach allowing a formal representation and management of health ecosystems, including their integration and interoperability. Such development is accompanied by security, privacy, and ethical challenges to be resolved. The reprint describes the principles, methodologies, and standards for successfully managing the transformation of health and social care, illustrated by many practical examples and implemented use cases. The reprint is based on papers published in the context of the pHealth 2021 Conference in Genoa, Italy. However, the content goes far beyond the focus and size of the original papers.
    Keywords: syntactical parsing ; natural language processing ; electronic health records ; Node2Vec ; automatic text labeling ; graph algorithms ; mobile application ; mHealth ; digital technology ; emergency service ; hospital ; emergency department ; clinical laboratory information systems ; communication ; text messaging ; pediatrics ; postoperative risks ; aortic aneurysm ; integrated data ; predictive modeling ; feature extraction ; machine learning ; privacy ; trust ; modelling ; antecedents ; Fuzzy attractiveness rating ; didactic ; Healthcare IT ; citizens ; E-Learning ; digitalization ; digitization ; patient empowerment ; education ; healthcare communications ; surgical biobank ; post-traumatic arthritis ; osteomyelitis ; semantic data integration ; system theory ; biomedical ontologies ; knowledge representation ; ascending aortic dilatation ; aneurysm ; risk factors ; echocardiography ; social media ; physical activity ; chatbot ; health ; participatory health ; usability ; conversational agent ; behavior change ; genomics ; security ; modular architecture ; GIPAMS ; standards ; Markov model ; periprosthetic joint infection ; revision arthroplasty ; total hip replacement ; decision trees ; oncohematology ; epilepsy risk ; epilepsy modeling ; COVID-19 ; pneumonia ; dynamical Bayesian networks ; treatment trajectories ; auto ML ; eHealth ; data democratization ; health data infrastructure ; privacy-enhancing technologies ; hospital-acquired infections ; international coding system ; laboratory information systems ; information extraction ; stress detection ; individual learning ; centralized learning ; federated learning ; smartwatch ; health transformation ; ecosystems ; knowledge representation and management ; architecture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Since early diagnosis and optimal treatment selection are crucial to improving the prognosis of these diseases, the discovery of useful biomarkers has the potential to greatly reduce their burden. Recent technical and mechanical developments have allowed for the detection of tiny differences in various factors modified in physical conditions, which could contribute to the discovery of novel biomarkers for some diseases.In this Special Issue, we aim to focus on novel biomarkers for GI cancers, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer and biliary cancer. In addition, any samples (tissue, blood, urine and feces) are useful as biomarker sources, although body-fluid-based biomarkers are promising as diagnostic biomarkers due to their noninvasiveness. This Special Issue aims to collect novel insights clarifying the current situation and future perspective in this field.
    Keywords: colorectal cancer ; advanced adenoma ; screening ; stool ; mRNA ; n/a ; cancer screening ; cirrhosis ; AFP ; machine learning ; MALDI-TOF ; proteomics ; CXCR4 ; prognosis ; overall survival ; rectal cancer ; neoadjuvant chemoradiation ; mouse model ; biomarkers ; urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) ; urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) ; plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) ; circulating tumour cell (CTC) ; gastric cancer ; oesophageal cancer ; serine proteases ; tumour microenvironment ; serpins ; biomarker ; chemoresistance ; liquid biopsy ; microRNA ; long non-coding RNA ; colorectal neoplasms ; cancer screening tests ; early detection of cancer ; precision medicine ; unfolded protein ; hepatocellular cancer ; GSVA ; unfolded protein score ; epigenetic regulation genes ; somatic mutations ; molecular genetic markers ; extracellular vesicles ; microbiome ; 16S rRNA amplicon ; metagenomics ; liver fibrosis ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; recurrence ; SHG/TPEF microscopy ; artificial intelligence ; advanced gastric cancer ; targeted therapy ; urinary miRNA ; miR-129-1-3p ; miR-566 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: There has been significant growth in branches of industry directly related to new materials, such as metals, polymers, and composite materials. Considering the increase in material costs, it has become exceedingly important to produce lightweight constructions through the use of certified materials with appropriate mechanical properties. Many composite materials, especially in building engineering, are characterized by the use of waste materials, allowing them to meet environmental demands and often also positively affecting the performance (as well as mechanical) properties of the whole construction. A similar phenomenon has been noticed in polymers and metals, with the “ecologically friendly” factor having increasing influence in such materials. The main aim of our Special Issue was to gather novel research results concerning different materials available for all important industries—building engineering, the heavy industry, automotive, aerospace, and medicine. Such a general title has been proposed to also include different manufacturing technologies using various materials—conventional (milling, casting, forming, and turning) and novel (hybrid and additive manufacturing).
    Keywords: additive manufacturing ; powder bed fusion ; 316L stainless steel ; ultrasonic atomization ; gas atomization ; three-point bending ; polyamide-based composites ; fused filament fabrication ; concrete additives ; concrete fibers ; concrete strength tests ; threshold effect ; flake graphene ; graphene oxide ; reduced graphene oxide ; lubricants ; grease ; fatigue life prediction ; CuZn37 brass ; machine learning ; IPCs ; ceramic preform ; ceramic–elastomer composite ; silane coupling agent ; hot isostatic pressing (HIP) ; wettability ; mechanical properties ; mechanical engineering ; laser powder bed fusion ; 21 NiCrMo2 steel ; process parameters ; post-heat treatment ; torsional strength ; cellular structures ; 20MnCr5 Steel ; cement–glass composite bricks ; digital image correlation analysis ; material extrusion ; PET-G ; waste disposal ; hybrid additive manufacturing ; lattice structures ; hot isostatic pressing ; fatigue behaviour ; polymer–straw boards ; thermoplastic polymers ; annual plants ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This Special Issue includes papers on physical phenomena, such as wind-driven flows, coastal flooding, and turbidity currents, and modeling techniques, such as model comparison, model coupling, parallel computation, and domain decomposition. These papers illustrate the need for modeling coastal ocean flows with multiple physical processes at different scales. Additionally, these papers reflect the current status of such modeling of coastal ocean flows, and they present a roadmap with numerical methods, data collection, and artificial intelligence as future endeavors.
    Keywords: high performance computing ; HPC ; PETSc ; parallelization ; scalability ; parallel performance ; streams ; curvilinear ; non-hydrostatic ; ocean modeling ; GCCOM ; open boundaries ; domain decomposition ; variational data assimilation ; inverse problems ; shallow water equations ; boundary conditions ; mathematical modelling ; coastal ocean modelling ; computational methods ; hydrodynamic ; modeling ; sea level rise ; mobile application ; app ; crowdsourcing ; SCHISM ; Tidewatch ; StormSense ; Catch the King ; downstream blocking ; compound flooding ; coastal storm surge and inundation ; explosive lateral flooding ; hurricane inland and upland flooding ; coastal modelling ; operational forecasting ; model evaluation ; inter-comparison ; NEMO ; FVCOM ; Ocean Protection Plan ; turbidity current ; suspended sediment ; numerical model ; Gulf of Mexico ; cold front ; Hurricane Barry ; numerical simulation ; subtidal hydrodynamics ; multi-inlet ; volume flux ; multiscale ; multiphysics ; model coupling ; data collection ; machine learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue publishes the latest advances and developments concerning the modelling of flooding in urban areas and contributes to our scientific understanding of the flooding processes and the appropriate evaluation of flood impacts. This issue contains contributions of novel methodologies including flood forecasting methods, data acquisition techniques, experimental research in urban drainage systems and/or sustainable drainage systems, and new numerical and simulation approaches in nine papers with contributions from over forty authors.
    Keywords: machine learning ; flash flood ; GIS ; Iran ; decision trees ; ensemble techniques ; manhole flooding ; urban flooding ; grid-based modeling ; SWWM ; FIRM ; pollutant transport ; hydraulic structures ; urban drainage ; CFD ; dual drainage ; Iber ; SWMM ; hazard ; artificial neural network ; resilient backpropagation ; multistep urban flood forecast ; demographic change ; urbanization ; flooding ; drainage system ; vulnerability ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; Antananarivo ; parameterised power-linear model ; hyper concentration ; dilute concentration ; suspended sediment transport ; flood ; sediment size parameter ; rouse number ; mean concentration ; flow depth ; urban flood modeling ; porosity ; shallow-water model ; urban flood management ; flood forecasting ; weather radar ; integrated hydraulic modeling ; and evacuation lead time ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Advancements in medical imaging modalities have resulted in increasing the importance and demand of pediatric radiology. This reprint showcases various examples of advanced research in pediatric radiology and nuclear medicine. These include the use of medical imaging modalities such as computed tomography, general radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, and ultrasound for diagnosis, as well as the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) in computer-aided detection and diagnosis in the pediatric population. The radiation dose issue of pediatric radiological examinations and emerging AI technology for dose reduction, as well as the use of three-dimensional printing based on medical images for pediatric surgical planning, healthcare professional education, and patient–clinician communication are also covered.
    Keywords: as low as reasonably achievable ; computed tomography ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; dose reduction ; generative adversarial network ; image processing ; machine learning ; medical imaging ; noise ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; head ultrasound ; brain death ; infants ; ancillary test ; child ; paediatric ; infant ; adolescent ; chest X-ray ; CXR ; chest radiography ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; coronavirus ; biliary atresia ; ultrasonography ; diagnostic accuracy ; intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) ; diagnostic performance ; elastography ; three-dimensional printing ; congenital heart disease ; children ; model ; personalized medicine ; application ; confusion matrix ; disease identification ; image interpretation ; pneumonia ; artificial intelligence (AI) ; deep learning (DL) ; paediatric pneumonia ; chest radiograph ; computer-aided detection (CAD) ; cumulative ; radiation dose ; acute tonsillitis ; shear wave elastography ; stiffness ; pediatric ; magnetic resonance imaging ; infection ; neck ; emergency medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: In the last few years, huge amounts of progress have been made regarding remote sensing in the field of computer vision. This success and progress is mostly due to the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) algorithms. In addition, the remote sensing community has shifted its attention to DL, and DL algorithms have been used to achieve significant success in many image analysis tasks. However, with regard to remote sensing, a number of challenges caused by difficulties in data acquisition and annotation have not been fully solved yet. This reprint is a collection of novel developments in the field of remote sensing using computer vision, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. The articles published involve fundamental theoretical analyses as well as those demonstrating their application to real-world problems.
    Keywords: tropical cyclone detection ; meteorological satellite images ; deep learning ; deep transfer learning ; generative adversarial networks ; image target detection ; multiple scales ; any angle object ; remote sensing of small objects ; point clouds ; 3D tracking ; state estimation ; Siamese network ; deep LK ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; multilayer feature aggregation ; attention mechanism ; remote sensing image scene classification (RSISC) ; hyperspectral image classification ; variational autoencoder ; generative adversarial network ; crossed spatial and spectral interactions ; crater detection algorithm (CDA) ; R-FCN ; self-calibrated convolution ; split attention mechanism ; transfer learning ; remote sensing ; oriented object detection ; rotated inscribed ellipse ; remote sensing images ; keypoint-based detection ; gated aggregation ; eccentricity-wise ; object detection ; remote sensing image ; anchor free ; oriented bounding boxes ; deformable convolution ; three-dimensional radar imaging ; convolution neural network ; super-resolution ; side-lobe suppression ; terahertz radar ; aerial image generation ; satellite image generation ; structure map ; style vector ; high resolution image ; self-constructing graph ; semantic segmentation ; GAN ; image generation ; data augmentation ; remote sensing disaster image ; convolutional neural network ; double-stream structure ; feedback ; encoder–decoder network ; dense connections ; instance segmentation ; Swin transformer ; cascade mask R-CNN ; remote sensing image retrieval ; hashing algorithm ; binary code ; triplet ordinal relation preserving ; cross entropy ; feature distillation ; forest fire ; smoke segmentation ; Smoke-Unet ; residual block ; Landsat-8 ; band sensibility ; unsupervised domain adaptation ; bidirectional domain adaptation ; image-to-image translation ; generative adversarial networks (GANs) ; U-Net ; high-density laser scanning ; logging trails ; digital surface model ; canopy height model ; commercial thinning ; convolutional neural networks ; multiview ; satellite and UAV image ; joint description ; image matching ; neural network ; contextual information ; Anchor Free Region Proposal Network ; polar representation ; 3D object detection ; point cloud ; sampling ; single-stage ; rotated object detection ; angle-based detector ; angle-free framework ; rotated region of interests (RRoIs) ; representative points ; plastic ; UAVs ; contrastive learning ; mutual guidance ; spatial misalignment ; vehicle detection ; ANN ; automatic classification ; risk mitigation ; machine learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Publication Date: 2023-11-17
    Description: This open access book presents three future consumption trends—technology, sustainability, and wellbeing—and discusses what impact those trends will have on the ways we shop. What will be important to the consumers of the future? And how will their retail experiences look and feel? Will technology, sustainability, and wellbeing trends fundamentally change how we consume? And how should retail managers respond to these trends in order to provide the customer experiences of the future? Blending academic perspectives with reflections from innovative retailers, this book explores all these questions and more. Essential reading for retail managers who want to know how future consumption trends will affect the industry, this book also benefits students and researchers of retail and consumption who want to better understand how these interdependent fields are linked.
    Keywords: consumer behaviour ; Retail ; sustainability ; digital ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJS Sales & marketing ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNP Distributive industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The aim of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is to reduce the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere and to mitigate its effects on climate change. Over the years, naturally occurring CO2 sources have been utilized in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) projects in the United States. This has presented an opportunity to supplement and gradually replace the high demand for natural CO2 sources with anthropogenic sources. There also exist incentives for operators to become involved in the storage of anthropogenic CO2 within partially depleted reservoirs, in addition to the incremental production oil revenues. These incentives include a wider availability of anthropogenic sources, the reduction of emissions to meet regulatory requirements, tax incentives in some jurisdictions, and favorable public relations. The United States Department of Energy has sponsored several Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) through its Carbon Storage program which have conducted field demonstrations for both EOR and saline aquifer storage. Various research efforts have been made in the area of reservoir characterization, monitoring, verification and accounting, simulation, and risk assessment to ascertain long-term storage potential within the subject storage complex. This book is a collection of lessons learned through the RCSP program within the Southwest Region of the United States. The scope of the book includes site characterization, storage modeling, monitoring verification reporting (MRV), risk assessment and international case studies.
    Keywords: geologic CO2 sequestration ; CO2 and brine leakage ; underground source of drinking water ; risk assessment ; response surface methodology ; early detection criteria ; multi-objective optimization ; CO2-WAG ; machine learning ; numerical modeling ; hybrid workflows ; morrow ; Farnsworth ; Anadarko ; incised valley ; geological carbon sequestration ; reactive surface area ; mineral trapping ; enhanced oil recovery with CO2 (CO2-EOR) ; geochemical reactions ; workflow ; workshop ; process influence diagram ; response surface model ; polynomial chaos expansion ; NRAP ; relative permeability ; geologic carbon storage ; multi-phase flow simulation ; life cycle analysis ; CO2-enhanced oil recovery ; anthropogenic CO2 ; global warming potential ; greenhouse gas (GHG) ; carbon storage ; CO2-EOR ; CO2 sequestration ; geomechanics ; reservoir fluid flow modelling ; tightness of caprock ; CO2 leakage ; threshold pressure ; reactive solute transport ; multi-phase fluid flow ; Farnsworth Unit ; STOMP ; GEM ; TOUGHREACT ; 4D ; time lapse ; CO2 ; EOR ; WAG ; sequestration ; monitoring ; carbon sequestration ; caprock integrity ; noble gas migration ; seal by-pass ; carbon dioxide storage ; storage efficiency factor ; probabilistic ; expectation curve ; Monte Carlo ; Farnsworth Field ; petroleum system modeling ; CO2 migration ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    Springer Nature | Humana
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This Open Access volume provides readers with an up-to-date and comprehensive guide to both methodological and applicative aspects of machine learning (ML) for brain disorders. The chapters in this book are organized into five parts. Part One presents the fundamentals of ML. Part Two looks at the main types of data used to characterize brain disorders, including clinical assessments, neuroimaging, electro- and magnetoencephalography, genetics and omics data, electronic health records, mobile devices, connected objects and sensors. Part Three covers the core methodologies of ML in brain disorders and the latest techniques used to study them. Part Four is dedicated to validation and datasets, and Part Five discusses applications of ML to various neurological and psychiatric disorders. In the Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your laboratory. Comprehensive and cutting, Machine Learning for Brain Disorders is a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students who are new to this field, as well as experienced researchers who would like to further expand their knowledge in this area. This book will be useful to students and researchers from various backgrounds such as engineers, computer scientists, neurologists, psychiatrists, radiologists, and neuroscientists.
    Keywords: machine learning ; deep learning ; brain disorders ; neurology ; psychiatry ; data science ; neural networks ; statistical learning ; neuroimaging ; clinical data ; biomarkers ; omics ; electronic health records ; mobile devices ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: As the most heavily populated areas in the world, coastal zones host the majority and some of the most important human settlements, infrastructures and economic activities. Harbour and coastal structures are essential to the above, facilitating the transport of people and goods through ports, and protecting low-lying areas against flooding and erosion. While these structures were previously based on relatively rigid concepts about service life, at present, the design—or the upgrading—of these structures should effectively proof them against future pressures, enhancing their resilience and long-term sustainability. This Special Issue brings together a versatile collection of articles on the modelling of harbour and coastal structures, covering a wide array of topics on the design of such structures through a study of their interactions with waves and coastal morphology, as well as their role in coastal protection and harbour design in present and future climates.
    Keywords: beach morphology ; beach nourishment performance ; sustainable development ; General Shoreline beach model ; United Arab Emirates ; Saadiyat Island ; breakwater ; extreme learning machine ; stability assessment ; machine learning ; column-stabilized fish cage ; horizontal wave force ; least squares method ; hydrodynamic coefficient ; vertical breakwater ; reliability analysis ; overall stability ; sliding failure ; overturning failure ; bearing capacity analysis ; breakwater’s foundation failure ; rubble-mound ; zero-freeboard ; porous-media ; immersed-boundary ; level-set ; Smagorinsky subgrid scale model ; wave reflection ; wave transmission ; wave overtopping ; wave setup ; Nowshahr port ; field measurements ; numerical simulation ; wave ; current ; sediment transport ; rubble mound breakwaters ; historical review ; damage measurement ; damage characterization ; damage ; damage model ; damage progression ; input reduction ; wave schematization ; pick-up rate ; MIKE21 CM FM ; long-term morphological modelling ; numerical model ; OpenFOAM ; scour ; vertical breakwaters ; mortar-grouted riprap revetment ; full-scale hydraulic tests ; design of revetments ; Balearic Islands ; Boumerdès ; current speed ; harbor ; tsunami ; model uncertainty ; reliability ; pile settlement ; piles in granular soil ; base resistance ; skin friction ; t-z curves ; climate change ; coastal flooding ; coastal structures ; numerical modelling ; Boussinesq equations ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: This special issue on the genetics of Alzheimer's disease was edited by Drs. Laura Ibanez and Justin Miller in 2021. It contains 10 original articles and reviews that help readers understand specific genetic contributions to Alzheimer's disease and how genetics will play a role in future Alzheimer's disease research.
    Keywords: Alzheimer disease ; expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) ; rare variants ; set-based eQTL ; SKAT-O ; pathways ; immune system ; inflammation ; ROSMAP ; ADNI ; complement ; complement receptor 1 ; clusterin ; late-onset Alzheimer’s disease ; genetics ; neuroinflammation ; Alzheimer’s disease ; cytokines and growth factors ; genome-wide association study (GWAS) ; Polygenic Risk Score (PRS)-based analysis ; TOMM40 gene ; RNA transcription ; pseudogene ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; ITIM ; ITAM ; SIGLEC14 ; SIGLEC5 ; copy number variation ; CNV ; GWAS ; long non-coding RNA ; biomarkers ; peripheral system ; amyloid β ; tau ; APOE ; TREM2 ; OMICS ; therapeutics ; pairwise feature correlation ; feature reduction ; machine learning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The adequate assessment of key apparatus conditions is a hot topic in all branches of industry. Various online and offline diagnostic methods are widely applied to provide early detections of any abnormality in exploitation. Furthermore, different sensors may also be applied to capture selected physical quantities that may be used to indicate the type of potential fault. The essential steps of the signal analysis regarding the technical condition assessment process may be listed as: signal measurement (using relevant sensors), processing, modelling, and classification. In the Special Issue entitled “Advances in Sensors and Sensing for Technical Condition Assessment and NDT”, we present the latest research in various areas of technology.
    Keywords: pulse compression ; scattering ; attenuation ; insulation ; ultrasonic testing ; OLTC ; AE sensor ; acoustic emission ; feature extraction ; supervised classification ; machine learning ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; muscle perfusion ; Nakagami parameter ; compounding Nakagami imaging ; low-frequency sensor ; power transformer ; low-frequency noise ; genetic algorithm ; geometric layout of railway track ; track axis identification ; tramway loop ; route’s polygon ; GNSS mobile measurements ; vibroarthography ; VAG ; knee joint ; spectral features ; frequency analysis ; non-invasive examination ; lateral temperature gradient ; temperature field ; boundary conditions ; solar radiation intensity ; temperature monitoring ; non-destructive evaluation ; eddy current ; 3D sensing ; inverse problem ; wavelet transform ; principal component analysis ; neural network ; incubation ; spectrum ; image processing ; ROC curve ; infrasound measurement system ; wind turbine ; infrasound correlation analysis ; measuring scale ; thermoelastic deformation ; coefficient of thermal expansion ; elastic waves ; laser ultrasound ; Fizeau fiber interferometer ; defect identification ; high-current pulses ; current measurement ; high-current shunts ; circuit modeling ; Rogowski coil ; electrodynamic accelerators ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: This book focuses on a variety of interdisciplinary perspectives concerning the theory and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, medically oriented human biology, and healthcare. The list of topics includes the application of AI in biomedicine and clinical medicine, machine learning-based decision support, robotic surgery, data analytics and mining, laboratory information systems, and usage of AI in medical education. Special attention is given to the practical aspect of a study. Hence, the inclusion of a clinical assessment of the usefulness and potential impact of the submitted work is strongly highlighted.
    Keywords: computational intelligence ; medical assistance ; instance-based learning ; healthcare ; clinical decision support systems ; deep neural networks ; medical imaging ; backdoor attacks ; security and privacy ; COVID-19 ; gastric cancer ; endoscopy ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; brain ; pituitary adenoma ; dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor ; DNET ; ganglioglioma ; digital pathology ; computer vision ; machine learning ; CNN ; ATLAS ; HarDNet ; Swin transformer ; segmentation ; U-Net ; cerebral infarction ; CycleGAN ; advanced statistics ; schizophrenia ; aggression ; forensic psychiatry ; medical image segmentation ; CT image segmentation ; kernel density ; semi-automated labeling tool ; Bayesian learning ; neuroimaging ; feature selection ; kernel formulation ; mental disorders ; MRI ; visual acuity ; fundus images ; ophthalmology ; SVM ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Access to health care is the ability to receive health services for the prevention, detection, and treatment of disorders that affect health. For health care to be accessible, it must be affordable and able to protect and improve health. There are myriad reasons that may make access to health services difficult or even impossible. These include economic problems, conflicts, climate change, internal and external migrations, beliefs, and so on. This book examines many of these barriers to health care and proposes solutions for overcoming them.
    Keywords: climate change ; public health ; primary health care ; machine learning ; breast cancer ; pandemic ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNH Personal & public health::MBNH9 Health psychology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The year 2021 marks the 10th anniversary of Journal of Clinical Medicine, and as one of the major sections of JCM, we are launching a 10th anniversary Special Issue in the section “Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine”. We accepted papers for the Special Issue, titled "Recent diagnostic and therapeutic advance in Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine". This medical field is a complex and wide-ranging field that deals with diseases in multiple organs such as the gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary pancreas. With recent advances in diagnostic imaging and interventional treatment, those in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment, those in functional test and those in genetic diagnosis and drug therapy, including the molecular-targeted therapy, many new medical findings have been accumulated. In this Special Issue, we looked for reports that make full use of advances in diagnostics and therapeutics in the field of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine.
    Keywords: TXI ; sessile serrated lesion ; hyperplastic polyp ; colonoscopy ; endoscopic submucosal dissection ; colorectal tumor ; traction method ; carbon dioxide ; CO2 insufflation ; abdominal pain ; abdominal distention ; transnasal endoscopy ; health check ; tranexamic acid ; gastrointestinal bleeding ; mortality ; thromboembolic events ; liver metastases ; colorectal liver metastases ; non-colorectal and non-neuroendocrine liver metastases ; liver resection ; Crohn’s disease ; biologics ; small-molecule drugs ; health-related quality of life (HRQoL) ; gastric cancer ; gastric cancer screening ; endoscopy ; H. pylori ; eradication therapy ; n/a ; functional bowel disorders ; gut microbiota ; personalized diet ; machine learning ; personalized medicine ; Turkey ; machine perfusion ; normothermic ; hypothermic ; liver transplant ; survival ; ustekinumab ; perianal fistula ; radiological fistula remission ; metastatic pancreatic carcinoma ; FOLFIRINOX ; sarcopenia ; oxaliplatin ; L3 skeletal muscle index ; percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ; prognostic factor ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The devastating effects caused by the recent catastrophic earthquakes that took place all over the world from Japan, New Zealand, to Chile, as well as those occurring in the Mediterranean basin, have once again shown that ground motion, although a serious source of direct damage, is not the only parameter to be considered, with most damage being the result of coseismic geological effects that are directly connected to the earthquake source or caused by ground shaking. The primary environmental effects induced by earthquakes as well as the secondary effects (sensu Environmental Seismic Intensity - ESI 2007 scale) must be considered for a more correct and complete evaluation of seismic hazards, at both regional and local scales. This Special Issue aims to collect all contributions that, using different methodologies, integrate new data produced with multi-disciplinary and innovative methods. These methodologies are essential for the identification and characterization of seismically active areas, and for the development of new hazard models, obtained using different survey techniques. The topic attracted a lot of interest, 19 peer-reviewed articles were collected; moreover, different areas of the world have been analyzed through these methodologies: Italy, USA, Spain, Australia, Ecuador, Guatemala, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, China, Japan, and Nepal.
    Keywords: Arctic–Asian seismic belt ; regional segment ; active fault ; paleoseismogenic structure ; Late Cenozoic deformation ; earthquake mechanism ; seismotectonic deformation ; potential seismicity ; earthquake hazard ; DIC ; CPO ; model selection ; Pohang earthquake ; South Korea ; ground effects ; liquefaction ; geological control ; fault barrier ; seismic hazard ; earthquake hazards ; ESI scale 2007 ; EEE database ; microtremor H/V spectral ratio ; inversion ; shear-wave velocity structure ; site amplification ; Ulaanbaatar ; earthquake environmental effects ; Suusamyr earthquake ; Kyrgyzstan ; Tien Shan ; surface rupture ; landslide ; digital elevation model (DEM) ; Structure-from-Motion ; earthquake-induced landslide ; fully probabilistic technique ; Newmark’s method ; Sakhalin Island ; risk ; machine learning ; expert estimate ; maximum possible magnitudes of earthquakes ; one class classification ; seismic zoning ; earthquake forecasting ; paleoliquefaction ; paleoearthquake ; ESI-07 scale ; earthquake environmental effects (EEEs) ; earthquake archaeological effects (EAEs) ; intensity maps ; seismic scenarios ; earthquake catalogues ; Spain ; emergency shelter ; earthquake ; disaster ; weighted coefficient ; suitability analysis ; geographic information systems (GIS) ; catalog incompleteness ; coseismic landslides ; macroseismic intensity ; Pedernales earthquake ; Ecuador ; georisk ; probabilistic seismic hazard ; ESI scale ; ground-shaking map ; Guatemala ; Intraplate earthquake ; Australian earthquakes ; reverse earthquake ; ESI 2007 scale ; historical and recent earthquakes ; attenuation ; GMPE ; crustal model ; MMI ; intraplate region ; mass movements ; inventory map ; amalgamation ; earth observation (EO) ; spatial resolution ; in situ tests ; laboratory tests ; soil liquefaction ; cyclic triaxial tests ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Ciguatoxins (CTXs), which are responsible for Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), are liposoluble toxins produced by microalgae of the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. This book presents 18 scientific papers that offer new information and scientific evidence on: (i) CTX occurrence in aquatic environments, with an emphasis on edible aquatic organisms; (ii) analysis methods for the determination of CTXs; (iii) advances in research on CTX-producing organisms; (iv) environmental factors involved in the presence of CTXs; and (v) the assessment of public health risks related to the presence of CTXs, as well as risk management and mitigation strategies.
    Keywords: ciguatoxins ; HRMS ; Q-TOF ; ciguatera poisoning ; C-CTX1 ; fragmentation pathways ; maitotoxins ; Gambierdiscus ; Fukuyoa ; LC-MS/MS ; QToF ; neuroblastoma cell assay ; matrix effect ; ciguatera monitoring ; SPATT passive samplers ; HP20 resin ; CBA-N2a ; WS artificial substrate ; qPCR ; HTS metabarcoding ; ciguatera ; ciguatoxin ; cytotoxicity assay ; ELISA ; HPLC ; immunoassay ; mouse bioassay ; receptor-binding assay ; ciguatoxins (CTXs) ; neuroblastoma cell-based assay (CBA) ; immunosensor ; pacific ciguatoxins ; natural product ; polycyclic ether ; ring-closing metathesis ; Tsuji-Trost allylation ; French Polynesia ; epidemiology ; toxicological analyses ; risk management ; climate change ; Gambierdiscus polynesiensis ; toxin profile ; nitrate ; urea ; culture medium acidification ; CTX1B ; 52-epi-54-deoxyCTX1B ; 54-deoxyCTX1B ; Dictyota ; Caribbean ; dinoflagellate ; benthic algae ; algal toxin ; harmful algal bloom ; the Indian Ocean ; Arabian sea ; Kuwait bay ; Aden Gulf ; Red Sea ; Gulf of Aqaba ; Andaman Sea ; Bay of Bengal ; seafood safety ; foodborne disease ; experimental exposure ; lionfish ; trophic transfer ; toxin accumulation ; Selvagens Islands ; morphology ; phylogeny ; benthic dinoflagellate ; Beibu Gulf ; Chinese waters ; least absolute shrinkage and selection operator ; machine learning ; data science ; medical informatics ; survival analysis ; foodborne diseases ; Ciguatera Fish Poisoning ; digital technologies ; open data ; risk analysis ; marine biotoxins ; Lagodon rhomboides ; pinfish ; bioaccumulation ; depuration ; Caribbean ciguatoxin ; growth dilution ; model ; kinetics ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The present reprint contains all of the articles in the second edition of the Special Issue titled “Statistical Data Modeling and Machine Learning with Applications II”. This Special Issue belongs to the “Mathematics and Computer Science” Section and aims to publish research on the theory and application of statistical data modeling and machine learning. New mathematical methods and approaches, new algorithms and research frameworks, and their applications aimed at solving diverse and nontrivial practical problems are proposed and developed in this SI. We believe that the chosen papers are attractive and useful to the international scientific community and will contribute to further research in the field of statistical data modeling and machine learning.
    Keywords: forecasting model ; electricity energy consumption ; grey model ; artificial neural network ; machine learning ; rotation CART ensemble ; bagging ; boosting ; arcing ; simplified selective ensemble ; linear stacked model ; IoV ; xNN ; K-MEANS ; anomaly detection ; single-index models ; composite quantile regression ; SCAD ; Laplace error penalty (LEP) ; causality ; Bayesian networks ; scalability ; group lasso penalty ; data integration ; network estimation ; stability selection ; time series model ; wavelet transform ; neural network NARX ; ionospheric parameters ; gambling ; jackpot ; multidimensional integrals ; Monte Carlo methods ; lattice sequences ; digital sequences ; surface approximation ; surface segmentation ; surface denoising ; gaussian process latent variable model ; line geometry ; line elements ; regression ; classification ; prediction ; meteorological parameters ; traffic incidents ; multi-agent architecture ; air pollution ; random forest ; ARIMA errors ; MIMO averaging strategy ; multi-step ahead prediction ; unmeasured forecast ; Explainableartificial intelligence ; credit card frauds ; deep learning ; long short-term memory ; fraud classification ; lung cancer ; tumor ; CT image ; one-stage detector ; YOLO ; multi-scale ; receptive field ; data analysis ; decision trees ; LightGBM ; SHAP ; leisure time ; influencing factors ; time allocation ; neural networks ; cosmic rays ; space weather ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Nowadays, computational and mathematical methods provide effective tools for handling vast quantities of data and information in the fields of big data analytics, knowledge discovery and decision-making for solving complex problems in the world. The present reprint contains all of the articles accepted and published in the first edition of the Special Issue titled “Computational and Mathematical Methods in Information Science and Engineering”. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide a channel through which members of the scientific community can exchange insights regarding recent advances in the theory and application of computational and mathematical methods in information science and engineering, with the long-term goal being to solve data-handling problems in practice. We hope that the papers published in this Special Issue will be considered impactful by the international scientific community and motivate further research into computational and mathematical methods that can solve complex problems in various fields and applications.
    Keywords: multi-scale ; local interaction ; lightweight image reconstruction network ; global fusion ; green supply chain ; environmental awareness ; information acquisition ; outsourcing ; in-house ; career choice ; prediction ; machine learning ; college students ; non-cooperative equilibrium ; complex supply chain network ; environmental policies ; circular economy ; structural balance ; feedback mechanism ; opinions polarization ; reservoir characterization ; productivity prediction ; knowledge interaction neural network ; embedded model ; egg shape equation ; displacement of volume method ; egg volume ; classical retrial policy ; queue dependent service rate ; waiting time analysis ; infinite orbit ; private set intersection ; quantum authentication ; oblivious quantum key distribution ; Internet of Things ; multi-objective optimization ; mining plan ; metal mines ; adaptive ; hybrid mutation ; multi-facility location problem ; clustering algorithm ; center-of-gravity method ; hybrid multi-attribute ; three-way group decision making ; VIKOR model ; grey correlation analysis ; interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers ; tourist arrival forecast ; variational mode decomposition ; empirical mode decomposition ; multiscale analysis ; deep learning model ; convolutional neural network model ; seasonal ARIMA ; ARIMA ; sales forecasting ; demand pattern ; dynamic weighting ; model selection ; retail ; malicious network traffic ; GAN ; imbalanced classification ; partial discharge (PD) ; phase-resolved PD (PRPD) ; rotating machine ; stator coil ; buffer wards ; mixed-integer programming ; dynamic bed allocation ; patient admission control ; COVID-19 pandemic ; regression ; data stream ; non-convex loss function ; noise-resilient ; online-learning ; ARL ; control charts ; COVID-19 data ; deviance residuals ; link functions ; logistic profiling ; Pearson residuals ; conditional autoregressive model ; Markov chain Monte Carlo ; occurrence rate ; spatial Poisson model ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book includes articles written by over 80 specialists from many countries that demonstrate the biological functions of ultrasonic vocalizations and how they are used in studies of vocal expression of emotional states and in numerous animal models of neuropsychiatric diseases and disorders. Results of investigations of emissions of ultrasonic vocalizations are useful in studies of emotional disturbances, affective disorders, autism spectrum disorders, addiction, developmental abnormalities, and many other pathologies.
    Keywords: ultrasonic vocalization ; maternal immune activation ; autism ; communication ; rat ; sex differences ; social play ; rats ; anxiety ; observational fear learning ; USV ; maternal separation ; pup ; vasopressin antagonists ; righting reflex ; negative geotaxis ; ACTH ; corticosterone ; Brattleboro rat ; larynx ; female ; male ; 50-khz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) ; individual differences ; chronic variable stress (CVS) ; dopamine ; nucleus accumbens ; microdialysis ; evolution of vocalization ; 22 kHz calls ; 50 kHz calls ; infant isolation calls ; emotional arousal ; mesolimbic dopaminergic system ; mesolimbic cholinergic system ; hedonia ; ultrasonic vocalizations ; cognitive development ; respiration ; brain oscillations ; Cav1.2 ; calcium ; animal model ; rough-and-tumble play ; social approach ; playback ; social contact call ; alarm call ; social buffering ; distress ; emotional contagion ; fear contagion ; aversive state ; automated scoring ; addiction ; mental health ; machine learning ; drug discovery ; drug development ; Parkinson’s disease ; alpha-synuclein ; 6-OHDA ; Pink1 ; DJ1 ; exercise ; pharmacology ; pathology ; hypervigilance ; hyperreactivity ; exaggerated reactivity ; generalization ; PTSD ; depression ; heart rate ; Wistar ; 22-kHz calls ; 50-kHz calls ; affect ; aversion ; NOR ; reward ; working memory ; Y maze ; opioids ; fentanyl ; self-administration ; play ; food ; dam–pup interaction ; ethanol ; pup isolation ; rat pup ; 50 kHz vocalizations ; 22 kHz vocalizations ; amphetamine ; chemogenetics ; clozapine-n-oxide ; UMAP ; males ; females ; vocalizations ; fear extinction ; pain ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Machine learning (ML) technologies are emerging in Mechanical Engineering, driven by the increasing availability of datasets, coupled with the exponential growth in computer performance. In fact, there has been a growing interest in evaluating the capabilities of ML algorithms to approach topics related to metal forming processes, such as: Classification, detection and prediction of forming defects; Material parameters identification; Material modelling; Process classification and selection; Process design and optimization. The purpose of this Special Issue is to disseminate state-of-the-art ML applications in metal forming processes, covering 10 papers about the abovementioned and related topics.
    Keywords: sheet metal forming ; uncertainty analysis ; metamodeling ; machine learning ; hot rolling strip ; edge defects ; intelligent recognition ; convolutional neural networks ; deep-drawing ; kriging metamodeling ; multi-objective optimization ; FE (Finite Element) AutoForm robust analysis ; defect prediction ; mechanical properties prediction ; high-dimensional data ; feature selection ; maximum information coefficient ; complex network clustering ; ring rolling ; process energy estimation ; metal forming ; thermo-mechanical FEM analysis ; artificial neural network ; aluminum alloy ; mechanical property ; UTS ; topological optimization ; artificial neural networks (ANN) ; machine learning (ML) ; press-brake bending ; air-bending ; three-point bending test ; sheet metal ; buckling instability ; oil canning ; artificial intelligence ; convolution neural network ; hot rolled strip steel ; defect classification ; generative adversarial network ; attention mechanism ; deep learning ; mechanical constitutive model ; finite element analysis ; plasticity ; parameter identification ; full-field measurements ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTU Mining technology and engineering
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The deployment of distributed renewable energy resources (DRERs) has accelerated globally due to environmental concerns and an increasing demand for electricity. DRERs are considered to be solutions to some of the current challenges related to power grids, such as reliability, resilience, efficiency, and flexibility. However, there are still several technical and non-technical challenges regarding the deployment of distributed renewable energy resources. Technical concerns associated with the integration and control of DRERs include, but are not limited, to optimal sizing and placement, optimal operation in grid-connected and islanded modes, as well as the impact of these resources on power quality, power system security, stability, and protection systems. On the other hand, non-technical challenges can be classified into three categories—regulatory issues, social issues, and economic issues. This Special Issue will address all aspects related to the integration and control of distributed renewable energy resources. It aims to understand the existing challenges and explore new solutions and practices for use in overcoming technical challenges.
    Keywords: distribution system ; microgrids ; power quality ; power system management ; power system reliability ; smart grids ; distribution networks ; Monte Carlo simulations ; PV hosting capacity ; photovoltaics ; green communities ; energy independence ; HOMER ; wind turbines ; power losses ; power system optimization ; PV curves ; DG ; TSA/SCA ; solar-powered electric vehicle parking lots ; different PV technologies ; PLO’s profit ; uncertainties ; smart grid paradigm ; distributed generation ; model-based predictive control ; robustness ; worst-case scenario ; min–max optimisation ; intraday forecasting ; Gaussian process regression ; machine learning ; off-grid system ; composite control strategy ; solar photovoltaic panel ; wind turbine ; diesel generator ; energy storage system (ESS) ; synchronous machine (SM) ; permanent magnet brushless DC machine (PMBLDCM) ; power quality improvement ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book includes 17 papers published in the Special Issue/Article Collectoin “New Insights in the Genetics and Genomics of adrenocortical tumors and pheochromocytomas” including an editorial, 10 research papers and six review articles. Adrenal tumors represent a hot topic in contemporary endocrine oncology. Significant advancements in the genetics of genomics of these tumors have been made in recent years, and these articles give a useful and comprehensive overview of these issues. Questions regarding molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis (biomarkers) and even treatment are discussed in the papers written by international leaders of the field. Manuscripts are focused on three main topics: i. primary aldosteronism (the most common cause of secondary endocrine hypertension), ii. adrenocortical cancer and iii. pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma, which are the tumors with the highest heritability in humans. The book is edited by Prof. Peter Igaz (Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University).
    Keywords: pheochromocytoma ; paraganglioma ; genetics ; non-coding RNA ; malignancy ; biomarker ; treatment ; adaptive metabolism ; adrenal gland ; conn adenoma ; fatty acid metabolism ; ferroptosis ; hyperaldosteronism ; metabolic reprogramming ; β-oxidation ; PPARα ; tumor microenvironment ; Next Generation Sequencing ; hereditary cancer ; endocrine tumor syndrome ; KCNJ5 somatic mutation ; pulse wave velocity ; aldosterone-producing adenoma ; adrenalectomy ; propensity score matching ; arterial stiffness ; pheochromocytomas ; paragangliomas ; mutations ; susceptibility genes ; driver mutations ; hereditary ; germline ; somatic ; environment ; variants ; tumor suppressor genes ; metastatic ; RNAseq ; next generation sequencing ; adrenocortical carcinoma ; in silico analysis ; machine learning ; bioinformatic clustering ; biomarker prediction ; aldosterone producing adenoma ; ATP2B3 ; K416-F418delinsN mutation ; primary aldosteronism ; PPGL ; telomeres ; TERT ; ATRX ; NOP10 ; prognostic biomarker ; ALT ; phaeochromocytoma ; cancer ; mitochondrial complex II ; zebrafish ; therapy ; drug discovery ; redox balance pathway ; Vitamin C ; mitotane ; H295 strains ; microRNA ; aldosterone ; circulating ; adrenocortical ; transcriptomics ; epigenetics ; metabolomics ; epidemiology ; genetic analysis ; mortality ; surveillance ; TP53 R337H ; genetic testing ; adrenocortical tumor ; neonatal screening ; screening ; adenoma ; adrenal ; tissue ; artificial intelligence ; neural network ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This reprint focuses on recent advances in the processing of surface electromyography (EMG) signals acquired during human movement, as well as on innovative approaches to sense muscle activity. A wide range of methods is examined, including machine learning techniques to detect the onset/offset timing of muscle activity and approaches to evaluate muscle fatigue and analyze muscle synergies and co-contractions. Applications of these techniques are explored in different medical scenarios, e.g., for the benefit of patients suffering from low back pain, stroke survivors, and patients requiring polysomnography.
    Keywords: gait ; locomotion ; motor module ; number of synergies ; VAF ; gait analysis ; EMG ; muscle activation patterns ; movement analysis ; muscle synergies ; sEMG ; stroke ; factor analysis ; neurorehabilitation ; MRC ; dynamometer ; strength ; mechanomyography ; piezoelectric sensor ; vibration sensor ; human-machine interface ; prosthetic control ; hand gesture recognition ; convolutional neural network ; electromyography ; polysomnography ; REM sleep without atonia ; REM sleep behavior disorder ; RBD ; parkinsonism ; Parkinson’s disease ; spectral power ; sitting balance ; trunk control ; ipsilesional arm ; MFRT ; fatiguing frequency-dependent lifting ; low back pain ; trunk muscle coactivation ; onset detection ; muscle activation ; machine learning ; neural networks ; surface EMG ; sEMG processing ; force estimation ; isometric contractions ; surface EMG signal ; co-contraction detection ; muscular synergies ; the time–frequency domain ; wavelet transform ; power spectral density ; spectral estimation techniques ; Welch method ; Burg method ; autoregressive model ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to exploit data has been found in a wide variety of applications. This reprint book only presents a small glimpse of it. Many other important applications using HSI which have emerged in data exploitation are not covered in this reprint book. For example, such applications may include water pollution and toxic waste in environmental monitoring, pesticide residual detection in food safety and inspection, plant and crop disease detection in agriculture, tumor detection and breast cancer detection in medical imaging, drug traffic in law enforcement, etc. Nevertheless, this reprint book provides many techniques which may find their ways in these applications as well.
    Keywords: hyperspectral image few-shot classification ; deep learning ; meta-learning ; relation network ; convolutional neural network ; constrained-target optimal index factor band selection (CTOIFBS) ; hyperspectral image ; underwater spectral imaging system ; underwater hyperspectral target detection ; band selection (BS) ; constrained energy minimization (CEM) ; lightweight convolutional neural networks ; hyperspectral imagery classification ; transfer learning ; air temperature ; spatial measurement ; FTIR ; MWIR ; carbon dioxide absorption ; target detection ; coffee beans ; insect damage ; hyperspectral imaging ; band selection ; visualization ; color formation models ; multispectral image ; image fusion ; joint tensor decomposition ; anomaly detection ; constrained sparse representation ; hyperspectral imagery ; moving target detection ; spatio-temporal processing ; hyperspectral remote sensing ; image classification ; constraint representation ; superpixel segmentation ; multiscale decision fusion ; plug-and-play ; denoising ; nonlinear unmixing ; spectral reconstruction ; residual augmented attentional u-shape network ; spatial augmented attention ; channel augmented attention ; boundary-aware constraint ; atmospheric transmittance ; temperature ; emissivity ; separation ; midwave infrared ; hyperspectral images ; hyperspectral image super-resolution ; data fusion ; spectral-spatial residual network ; self-supervised training ; hyperspectral ; vegetation ; generative adversarial network ; data augmentation ; classification ; rice leaf blast ; hyperspectral imaging data ; deep convolutional neural networks ; fused features ; evolutionary computation ; heuristic algorithms ; machine learning ; unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) ; vegetation mapping ; upland swamps ; mine environment ; rice ; rice leaf folder ; hyperspectral image classification ; change detection ; self-supervised learning ; attention mechanism ; multi-source image fusion ; SFIM ; least square estimation ; spatial filter ; hyperspectral imaging (HSI) ; hyperspectral target detection ; hyperspectral reconstruction ; hyperspectral unmixing ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Special Issue “Advances in Management of Voice and Swallowing Disorders” is dedicated to innovations in screening and assessment and the effectiveness of interventions in both dysphonia and dysphagia. In contemporary practice, novel techniques have been introduced in diagnostics and rehabilitative interventions (e.g., machine learning, electrical stimulation). Similarly, advancements in methodological approaches to validate measures have been introduced (e.g., item response theory using Rasch analysis), prompting the need to develop new, robust measures for use in clinics and intervention studies. Against this backdrop, this Special Issue focuses on studies aiming to improve early diagnostics of laryngological disorders and its management. This issue also welcomes the submission of studies on diagnostic accuracy and psychometrics performance of existing and newly developed measures. This includes but is not limited to studies investigating screening tools with sound diagnostic accuracy and robust psychometric properties. Furthermore, interventions with high levels of evidence in relation to clinical outcome using robust methodology (e.g., sophisticated meta-analytic approaches) are of great interest. This issue provides an overview of the latest advances in voice and swallowing disorders.
    Keywords: T1a glottic carcinoma ; transoral laser microsurgery ; treatment outcome ; vocal function ; objective voice diagnostics ; vocal extent measure (VEM) ; occupational voice disorders ; prevention ; prophylaxis ; teachers ; occupational health ; voice training ; balneotherapy ; dysphagia ; swallowing ; laryngeal penetration or aspiration ; deglutition ; reliability ; videofluoroscopic swallowing study ; deep learning ; machine learning ; Voice Handicap Index (VHI-9i) ; international short scale ; VHI-9i severity levels ; test–retest reliability ; validation of classification ranges ; self-assessed vocal impairment (VHIs) ; hoarseness ; dysphonia severity categories ; voice diagnostics ; deglutition disorders ; tongue ; exercise ; ageing ; Sob Voice Therapy ; Optimal Phonation Task ; Negative Practice ; auditory-perceptual analysis ; acoustic voice analysis ; laryngeal sensory dysfunction ; chronic refractory cough ; botulinum toxin ; larynx ; laryngeal hypersensitivity ; cough hypersensitivity syndrome ; globus pharyngeus ; laryngopharyngeal reflux ; neuropathic cough ; throat irritation ; auditory discrimination ; voice control ; voice assessment ; voice disorders ; swallowing disorders ; RCT ; intervention ; compensation ; rehabilitation ; classic test theory ; measure ; psychometrics ; videofluoroscopic swallow studies ; VMV ; neuromuscular electrical stimulation ; pharyngeal electrical stimulation ; PES ; NMES ; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ; transcranial direct current stimulation ; rTMS ; tDCS ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book focuses on new sensing technologies, measurement techniques, and their applications in medicine and healthcare. Specifically, the book briefly describes the potential of smart sensors in the aforementioned applications, collecting 24 articles selected and published in the Special Issue “Smart Sensors for Healthcare and Medical Applications”. We proposed this topic, being aware of the pivotal role that smart sensors can play in the improvement of healthcare services in both acute and chronic conditions as well as in prevention for a healthy life and active aging. The articles selected in this book cover a variety of topics related to the design, validation, and application of smart sensors to healthcare.
    Keywords: radiation-induced current ; dosimetry ; photodiodes ; phototransistors (MOSFETs) ; photovoltaic sensor ; CCD/CMOS ; cancer nodules detection ; phantom ; stiffness analysis ; ultrasound analysis ; visual analysis ; automatic robotic platform ; remote support for pathologists ; gait analysis ; gait correction ; electrostatic gait signal ; improved Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis cross-correlation coefficient ; measuring system ; measurements ; contactless ; respiratory rate ; breathing pattern ; ECG electrode swaps ; ECG electrode potentials ; WCT potential change ; reconstructing correct ECG leads ; MSMinv transformation ; unicolor limb–chest electrodes ; torsional wave ; cervix ; pregnancy ; cervical stiffness ; fiber Bragg gratings ; smart textiles ; wearable systems ; cardiac monitoring ; respiratory monitoring ; precision sports ; archery ; body pressure distribution ; air-filled cell ; alternating pressure air mattress ; time of flight ; air flow ; active control system ; mobile EEG recordings ; montage-replaceable headsets ; BCI ; fiber Bragg grating ; plastic optical fiber ; non-invasive measurement ; pulse wave signals ; blood pressure ; partial least squares regression ; people counting ; bi-directional ; motion detection ; time of flight sensor ; force myography ; prosthetic fitting ; regression ; calibration ; error reduction ; linear regression ; random forest ; general regression neural network ; cross-talk ; force sensitive resistor ; MRI ; EMG ; graph theory ; electrical network ; muscle activity ; forearm ; COPD ; oxygen concentrator ; oxygen therapy ; automatic oxygen concentrator ; physical activity ; machine learning ; respiratory medicine ; portable oxygen concentrator ; oxygen delivery ; cerebral palsy ; game-based rehabilitation exercises ; computerized assessment methods ; motion tracking sensors ; Kinect sensor ; EEG ; PPG ; epilepsy ; signal processing ; brain monitoring ; artificial neural network ; predictive analysis ; dietary monitoring ; healthcare ; ring-type biosensor ; personalized digital medicine ; frailty syndrome ; sit-to-stand ; 30-s chair stand test ; wearable sensors ; fetal movement simulator ; fetal movement monitor ; maternal abdomen model ; acoustic sensor ; accelerometer ; piezoelectric diaphragm ; fiber Bragg grating sensors (FBGs) ; functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) ; grasping actions detection ; motor assessment ; MR-compatible measuring systems ; abdominal movement signal ; hypopnea ; LSTM-RNN ; neural network ; oxygen saturation ; sleep apnea syndrome ; sleep–wake detection ; synchrosqueezing transform ; triaxial accelerometer ; thoracic movement signal ; multiple sclerosis ; kinematics ; surface EMG ; accelerator ; inertial sensor ; T10MW ; markerless motion capture ; automatic pushing analysis ; SCI patients ; RGB-D sensors ; respiration monitoring ; non-contact monitoring ; body movements detection ; thermal imaging ; natural sleep environments ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: When adopting remote sensing techniques in precision agriculture, there are two main areas to consider: data acquisition and data analysis methodologies. Imagery and remote sensor data collected using different platforms provide a variety of information volumes and formats. For example, recent research in precision agriculture has used multispectral images from different platforms, such as satellites, airborne, and, most recently, drones. These images have been used for various analyses, from the detection of pests and diseases, growth, and water status of crops to yield estimations. However, accurately detecting specific biotic or abiotic stresses requires a narrow range of spectral information to be analyzed for each application. In data analysis, the volume and complexity of data formats obtained using the latest technologies in remote sensing (e.g., a cube of data for hyperspectral imagery) demands complex data processing systems and data analysis using multiple inputs to estimate specific categorical or numerical targets. New and emerging methodologies within artificial intelligence, such as machine learning and deep learning, have enabled us to deal with these increasing data volumes and the analysis complexity.
    Keywords: vineyard ; pesticide application ; variable rate application ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; satellite ; nanosatellite ; monsoon crops ; leaf area index ; leaf chlorophyll concentration ; crop water content ; multispectral ; hyperspectral ; deep learning ; forage dry matter yield ; high-throughput phenotyping ; Brazilian pasture ; nitrogen indicator ; nitrogen nutrition diagnosis ; optical sensor ; spectral index ; UAV ; wheat lodging ; lightweight ; digital surface model (DSM) ; winter wheat ; fractional order differential ; continuous wavelet transform ; optimal subset regression ; support vector machine ; wheat powdery mildew ; machine learning ; information fusion ; remote sensing monitoring ; hyperspectral imaging ; dimensionality reduction ; LDA ; PLS ; PCA ; RandomForest ; ReliefF ; XGB ; Meloidogyne ; Solanum tuberosum ; soil salinity sensitive parameter ; random forest ; optimal retrieval model ; remote sensing ; high throughput phenotyping ; UAV/drone ; biomass estimation ; oats ; wheat ; yield prediction ; random forests ; satellite imagery ; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: In the treatment of acute stroke, thrombolysis and thrombectomy have proven to be highly effective. Many patients have seen significant improvement after reperfusion therapy. This reprint aims to address current knowledge gaps and promote advancements in the use of thrombolysis and thrombectomy for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
    Keywords: ischemic stroke ; acute kidney injury ; contrast media ; endovascular treatment ; outcome ; hyperglycemia ; acute ischemic stroke ; large vessel occlusion ; mechanical thrombectomy ; stroke ; ischemia ; machine learning ; cerebral infarction ; biomarkers ; recanalization therapy ; reperfusion ; temperature ; time to admission ; prehospital delay ; prior stroke ; basilar artery ; brain ischemia ; intracranial atherosclerosis ; embolism ; infarction ; clinical symptoms ; intravenous thrombolysis ; endovascular therapy ; recanalization times ; clinical outcome ; hypoperfusion index ratio ; collateral circulation ; collateral scoring ; CTA ; CTP ; thrombolysis ; C-reactive protein ; white blood cell count ; prognosis ; hypoperfusion ; collaterality ; thrombectomy ; frailty ; elderly patients ; hospital frailty risk score ; acute stroke ; perfusion imaging ; CT perfusion ; MR perfusion ; RAPID ; fasting hyperglycemia ; fasting normoglycemia ; long-term outcome ; hemorrhagic transformation ; parenchymal hematoma ; GWAS ; single nucleotide variants ; anterior circulation ; bridging therapy ; recanalization ; stroke risk score ; COVID-19 ; Lithuania ; reperfusion therapies ; outcomes ; safety ; prehospital stroke diagnosis ; ultrasound ; brain perfusion ; SONAS® ; prehospital stroke scales ; point-of-care diagnostics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subject garnering increasing attention in both academia and the industry today. The understanding is that AI-enhanced methods and techniques create a variety of opportunities related to improving basic and advanced business functions, including production processes, logistics, financial management and others. As this collection demonstrates, AI-enhanced tools and methods tend to offer more precise results in the fields of engineering, financial accounting, tourism, air-pollution management and many more. The objective of this collection is to bring these topics together to offer the reader a useful primer on how AI-enhanced tools and applications can be of use in today’s world. In the context of the frequently fearful, skeptical and emotion-laden debates on AI and its value added, this volume promotes a positive perspective on AI and its impact on society. AI is a part of a broader ecosystem of sophisticated tools, techniques and technologies, and therefore, it is not immune to developments in that ecosystem. It is thus imperative that inter- and multidisciplinary research on AI and its ecosystem is encouraged. This collection contributes to that.
    Keywords: data mining ; decision-making system ; rough set ; mixed integer linear programming ; assembly clearance ; diesel engine quality ; Internet of things ; Wireless nodes ; Hybrid clustering ; Multi-hop routing ; Network lifetime ; Artificial intelligence ; data envelopment analysis ; decision making ; artificial intelligence ; performance ; visual analytics ; system ; air quality ; spatiotemporal ; multivariate ; dimension reduction ; clustering ; regular patterns ; anomalies ; speech recognition ; Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) ; speech output correction ; most-matching ; empirical correlations ; rheological properties ; real-time ; water-based drill-in fluid ; artificial neural network ; elastic parameters ; Poisson’s ratio ; sandstone ; self-adaptive differential evolution ; total organic carbon ; barnett shale ; devonian shale ; fishbone multilateral wells ; predictive models ; well productivity ; international research ; knowledge map visualization ; policy documents quantification ; research hotspot ; policy keyword ; minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) ; CO2 flooding ; new models ; face recognition ; security ; spoofing ; histogram of oriented gradients ; smart cities ; deep learning ; LSTM ; neural networks ; location prediction ; trajectories ; smart tourism ; static Young’s modulus ; sandstone formations ; machine learning ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Collectively, the studies presented in this reprint have used various validated biomechanical models or proposed novel methods of motion analysis to gain new insights into health-related problems and sports performance.
    Keywords: human ankle model ; product of exponentials formula ; anthropometry ; biomechanics ; coordinate measuring machines ; kinematics ; pose estimation ; position measurement ; biomedical informatics ; adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) ; surface electromyography (sEMG) ; paraspinal muscle ; Schroth exercise ; paraspinal muscle symmetry index (PMSI) ; negative heel shoes ; positive heel shoes ; gait ; pregnant women ; OpenSim ; IDEEA ; dentistry ; dental unit chair systems ; muscle fatigue ; muscle activation ; in vivo study ; femoral neck fracture ; internal fixation ; intramedullary fixation ; finite element analysis ; finite element ; proximal junctional failure ; spinal reconstruction ; thoracolumbar ; rollback ; ligament strain ; kinematic alignment ; mechanical alignment ; total knee arthroplasty ; markerless motion capture system ; gait analysis ; joint moment ; joint power ; running economy ; running style ; duty factor ; vertical oscillation ; stride frequency ; freezing of gait ; gait initiation ; Parkinson’s disease ; posture ; segmental centers of mass ; anthropometric measurement ; base of support ; hand exoskeleton design ; motion simulation ; rehabilitation ; intention recognition ; machine learning ; deep learning ; two-dimensional (2D) image ; marker-free video ; walking speed ; walking speed classification ; bi-LSTM ; redundant feature ; ratio-based body measurement ; optimal feature ; surface topography ; rasterstereographic back shape analysis ; normative data ; healthy adults ; posture analysis ; spine ; intelligent system ; classroom behavior ; motion identification ; shoulder activity ; sensor ; rehabilitation protocol ; proximal humerus fracture ; ground reaction force ; knee and hip ; lower limb ; normal walking ; musculoskeletal multibody dynamics ; spinal biomechanics ; spinal alignment ; spinal loading ; muscle force computation ; thoracolumbar spine ; biomechanical model ; electromyography ; inertial measurement units ; gait-phase prediction ; spinal cord injury (SCI) ; muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) ; surface electromyography (EMG) ; EMG–force relation ; composite index ; characteristic points ; multivariable linear regression ; anterior cruciate ligament deficiency ; competitive swimming ; performance ; velocity fluctuations ; multibody simulation ; finite element method ; co-simulation ; sports ; degeneration ; intervertebral disc ; coupled ; embryo implantation ; human choriocarcinoma cell ; extracellular matrix ; stiffness ; durotaxis ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Technology is changing the manufacturing world. For example, sensors are being used to track inventories from the manufacturing floor up to a retail shelf or a customer’s door. These types of interconnected systems have been called the fourth industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, and are projected to lower manufacturing costs. As industry moves toward these integrated technologies and lower costs, engineers will need to connect these systems via the Internet of Things (IoT). These engineers will also need to design how these connected systems interact with humans. The focus of this Special Issue is the smart sensors used in these human–robot collaborations.
    Keywords: physical human-robot interaction ; game theory ; adaptive optimal control ; robot control ; tandem force sensor ; traction force sensor ; human–robot interaction ; contact task ; imitation learning ; safe physical human–robot collaboration ; collision detection ; human action recognition ; artificial intelligence ; industrial automation ; reinforcement learning ; social robotics ; human-robot interaction ; reward design ; physical embodiment ; human robot collaboration ; human robot interaction ; path planning ; bidirectional awareness ; haptic feedback device ; human machine interface ; collision identification ; collaborative robot ; deep learning ; uncertainty estimation ; knowledge distillation ; human–robot collaboration ; speed and separation monitoring ; human–machine differentiation ; thermal cameras ; protective separation distance ; collaborative robots ; motion planning ; human motion prediction ; human-following robots ; teleoperation ; high-speed image processing ; machine learning ; finger position recognition ; grasp type estimation ; human-robot collaboration ; human-centered robotics ; task planning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: This reprintshows recent advances in dam safety related to overtopping and the prevention, detection, and risk assessment of geostructural risks. Related to overtopping, the issues treated are: the throughflow and failure process of rockfill dams; the protection of embankment dams against overtopping by means of a rockfill toe or wedge-shaped blocks; and the protection of concrete dams with highly convergent chutes. In the area of geostructural threats, the detection of anomalies in dam behavior from monitoring data using a combination of machine learning techniques, the numerical modeling of seismic behavior of concrete dams, and the determination of the impact area downstream of ski-jump spillways are also studied and discussed. In relation to risk assessment, three chapters deal with the development of fragility curves for dikes and dams in relation to various failure mechanisms.
    Keywords: hydraulic structure ; sky-jump ; spillway ; flip bucket ; chute ; basin ; erosion ; flow rate ; jet flow ; wave overtopping ; levee ; cover ; probabilistic framework ; slope stability ; piping ; overtopping ; fragility curves ; Monte Carlo simulation ; dam ; stilling basin ; bucket ; flood ; weir ; safety ; protection ; dam protection ; wedge-shaped block ; WSB ; dam spillway ; dam safety ; ACUÑA ; rockfill dams ; throughflow ; numerical modeling ; non-Darcy flow ; porous media ; Forchheimer equation ; high velocity ; crushed rock ; rounded materials ; hydraulic mean radius ; intrinsic permeability ; shape of particles ; angularity of particles ; surface roughness of particles ; river levees ; geogrid reinforcement ; First Order Reliability Method (FORM) ; Surface Response Method (SRM) ; high gravity dams ; dam-foundation-reservoir dynamic interaction ; earthquake input mechanisms ; hydrodynamic pressure ; foundation size ; reservoir length ; stacking ; blending ; combination ; meta-learner ; experts ; machine learning ; Cross Validation ; radial displacement ; rockfill dam ; dam failure ; overflow ; floods ; dam breach ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The Special Issue presents almost 40 papers on recent research in modeling of pyrometallurgical systems, including physical models, first-principles models, detailed CFD and DEM models as well as statistical models or models based on machine learning. The models cover the whole production chain from raw materials processing through the reduction and conversion unit processes to ladle treatment, casting, and rolling. The papers illustrate how models can be used for shedding light on complex and inaccessible processes characterized by high temperatures and hostile environment, in order to improve process performance, product quality, or yield and to reduce the requirements of virgin raw materials and to suppress harmful emissions.
    Keywords: steelmaking ; oxygen consumption ; GPR ; prediction model ; secondary refining ; water model ; mixing time ; slag entrapment ; stainless steel slag ; heating time ; Cr2O3 ; spinel ; crystal size ; processing maps ; nickel-based alloy ; flow behavior ; arrhenius equation ; hearth ; drainage ; PCA ; analysis tool ; pattern ; tapholes ; blast furnace ; coke ; carbon solution loss ; numerical simulation ; pellet pile ; Discrete Element Method ; porosity distribution ; angle of repose ; coordination number ; bubble motion ; interfacial phenomena ; entrainment ; moving path ; arsenopyrite ; arsenic removal ; mechanism ; roasting ; arsenate ; dust ash ; arsenic recovery ; titanium distribution ratio ; thermodynamic model ; ion–molecule coexistence theory ; LF refining slags ; electric arc furnace ; simulation ; process model ; COREX ; raceway zone ; gas flow ; COREX melter gasifier ; mixed charging ; burden layer structure ; burden pile width ; DEM ; burden distribution ; particle flow ; validation ; tire cord steel ; TiN inclusion ; solidification ; segregation models ; hot rolling ; TOU electricity pricing ; hot rolling planning ; genetic algorithm ; C-H2 smelting reduction furnace ; double-row side nozzles ; dimensional analysis ; multiple linear regression ; ironmaking blast furnace ; coke bed ; trickle flow ; molten slag ; liquid iron ; SPH ; charging system ; mathematical model ; radar data ; main trough ; transient fluid of hot metal and molten slag ; wall shear stress ; conjugate heat transfer ; refractory ; shape rolling ; flat rolling ; wire rod ; temperature distribution ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; neural network ; BOS reactor ; copper smelting ; SKS ; Shuikoushan process ; oxygen bottom blown ; gated recurrent unit ; support vector data description ; time sequence prediction ; fault detection and identification ; Lignite ; microwave and ultrasound modification ; structural characterization ; 3D molecular model ; structural simulation ; coke combustion rate ; charcoal combustion rate ; iron ore sintering process ; biomass ; quasi-particle ; quasi-particle structure ; monomer blended fuel ; quasi-particle fuel ; apparent activation energy ; coupling effect ; dynamic model ; basic oxygen furnace ; computational fluid dynamics ; CFD–DEM ; coalescence ; settling ; funneling flow ; horizontal single belt casting process (HSBC) ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; double impingement feeding system ; supersonic coherent jet ; decarburization ; steel refining ; EAF ; CFD ; mass transfer coefficient ; physical modeling ; mathematical modeling ; kinetic models ; natural gas ; fuel injection ; combustion ; RAFT ; roll design ; flat-rolled wire ; strain inhomogeneity ; normal pressure ; macroscopic shear bands ; numerical model ; dual gas injection ; slag eye ; electrical energy consumption ; Electric Arc Furnace ; scrap melting ; statistical modeling ; raceway evolution ; raceway size ; flow pattern ; Eulerian multiphase flow ; blast furnace hearth ; dead man ; iron and slag flow ; lining wear ; hearth drainage ; Industry 4.0 ; copper smelter ; nickel-copper smelter ; radiometric sensors ; Peirce-smith converting ; matte-slag chemistry ; discrete event simulation ; adaptive finite differences ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The modeling and processing of empirical data is one of the main subjects and goals of statistics. Nowadays, with the development of computer science, the extraction of useful and often hidden information and patterns from data sets of different volumes and complex data sets in warehouses has been added to these goals. New and powerful statistical techniques with machine learning (ML) and data mining paradigms have been developed. To one degree or another, all of these techniques and algorithms originate from a rigorous mathematical basis, including probability theory and mathematical statistics, operational research, mathematical analysis, numerical methods, etc. Popular ML methods, such as artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector machines (SVM), decision trees, random forest (RF), among others, have generated models that can be considered as straightforward applications of optimization theory and statistical estimation. The wide arsenal of classical statistical approaches combined with powerful ML techniques allows many challenging and practical problems to be solved. This Special Issue belongs to the section “Mathematics and Computer Science”. Its aim is to establish a brief collection of carefully selected papers presenting new and original methods, data analyses, case studies, comparative studies, and other research on the topic of statistical data modeling and ML as well as their applications. Particular attention is given, but is not limited, to theories and applications in diverse areas such as computer science, medicine, engineering, banking, education, sociology, economics, among others. The resulting palette of methods, algorithms, and applications for statistical modeling and ML presented in this Special Issue is expected to contribute to the further development of research in this area. We also believe that the new knowledge acquired here as well as the applied results are attractive and useful for young scientists, doctoral students, and researchers from various scientific specialties.
    Keywords: mathematical competency ; assessment ; machine learning ; classification and regression tree ; CART ensembles and bagging ; ensemble model ; multivariate adaptive regression splines ; cross-validation ; dam inflow prediction ; long short-term memory ; wavelet transform ; input predictor selection ; hyper-parameter optimization ; brain-computer interface ; EEG motor imagery ; CNN-LSTM architectures ; real-time motion imagery recognition ; artificial neural networks ; banking ; hedonic prices ; housing ; quantile regression ; data quality ; citizen science ; consensus models ; clustering ; Gower’s interpolation formula ; Gower’s metric ; mixed data ; multidimensional scaling ; classification ; data-adaptive kernel functions ; image data ; multi-category classifier ; predictive models ; support vector machine ; stochastic gradient descent ; damped Newton ; convexity ; METABRIC dataset ; breast cancer subtyping ; deep forest ; multi-omics data ; categorical data ; similarity ; feature selection ; kernel density estimation ; non-linear optimization ; kernel clustering ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: As one of the fastest-growing topics in machine learning, deep learning algorithms have achieved unprecedented success in recent years. Novel paradigms (such as contrastive learning and few-shot learning) in deep learning and rising neural network architectures (e.g., transformer and masked autoencoder) are dramatically changing the field of data-driven algorithms. More importantly, deep learning models are redefining the next generation of industrial applications spanning image recognition, speech processing, language translation, healthcare, and other sciences. For example, recent advances in deep representation learning are allowing us to learn about protein 3D structures, which sheds new light on fundamental medicine and biology along with potentially bringing in billions of dollars (e.g., in the pharmaceutical market). This collection gathers the advanced studies of novel deep learning algorithms/frameworks and their applications in real-world scenarios. The topics cover, but are not limited to, supervised learning, explainable deep learning, finance, healthcare, and sciences.
    Keywords: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) ; pooling ; deep learning ; computer vision ; image analysis ; benchmark ; lithium-ion battery ; prognostics ; long short-term memory ; ARIMA ; reinforcement learning ; generative adversarial networks ; deep-learning ; crop/weed classification ; transfer learning ; feature extraction ; natural language processing ; image-text matching ; cheapfakes ; misinformation ; transformer encoder ; RoGPT2 ; control tokens ; summarization ; text generation ; human evaluation ; tricalcium silicate ; analytical model ; ion activity ; dissolution kinetics ; deep forest ; subsurface fluid flow ; Fourier neural operator ; small-shape data ; finite element method ; convolutional neural network ; sensitivity analysis ; source code comments ; classification ; machine learning techniques ; ANN flow law ; constitutive behavior ; radial return algorithm ; numerical implementation ; VUHARD ; GrC15 ; Abaqus Explicit ; defect detection ; surface defect detection ; defect detection for X-ray images ; defect recognition ; photoacoustic imaging ; image processing ; simulation ; reconstruction ; residual echo suppression ; acoustic echo cancellation ; speech enhancement ; graph neural network ; variational autoencoder ; nearest neighbours ; acute myeloid leukemia ; risk factors ; average treatment effect ; uplift modelling ; machine learning ; benzene ; ANOVA ; Shapley values ; self-explaining neural networks ; generalised additive models ; interpretability ; Siamese networks ; synthetic data ; cyclic learning ; unsupervised learning ; data augmentation ; single cell cultivation ; bioimage analysis ; finite element simulation ; plausibility checks ; convolutional neural networks ; storm surge ; hurricane ; forecasting ; CNN ; LSTM ; physics informed neural network ; dynamic force identification ; duffing’s equation ; spring mass damper system ; non-linear oscillators ; massive MIMO ; hybrid beamforming ; compressive measurement matrix ; long short-term memory network ; capsule network ; routing algorithm ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: In recent years, improving the sustainability of the steel industry and reducing its CO2 emissions has become a global focus. To achieve this goal, further process optimization in terms of energy and resource efficiency and the development of new processes and process routes are necessary. Modeling and simulation have established themselves as invaluable sources of information for otherwise unknown process parameters and as an alternative to plant trials that involves lower costs, risks, and time. Models also open up new possibilities for model-based control of metallurgical processes. This Special Issue focuses on recent advances in the modeling and simulation of unit processes in iron and steelmaking. It includes reviews on the fundamentals of modeling and simulation of metallurgical processes, as well as contributions from the areas of iron reduction/ironmaking, steelmaking via the primary and secondary route, and continuous casting.
    Keywords: liquid metals ; bubble generation ; bubble size distribution ; porous plugs ; bubble deformation ; drag force ; lift force ; mathematical modelling ; computational fluid dynamic ; slag heat recovery ; heat exchanger ; drying ; slag energy content ; heat recovery technology ; RecHeat ; rotary kiln ; reduction process ; numerical simulation ; pre-reduction ; scrap preheating ; electric arc furnace ; continuous charging ; turbulence modelling ; RANS/LES/DNS ; inflow condition ; model validation ; model application ; energy demand ; regression ; artificial neural network ; Gaussian process regression ; Köhle formula ; evaluation model ; quantitative relationship ; scrap melting ; mass transfer coefficient ; steelmaking process ; direct current ; arc impingement ; arc gap ; gas density ; electric arc ; magneto hydrodynamics ; computational fluid dynamics ; real-time model ; estimation ; model predictive control ; steel refining ; mathematical modeling ; carbon composite briquette ; blast furnace ironmaking ; reaction kinetics ; coke saving ; direct reduction ; Midrex ; HYL ; Rist diagram ; energy consumption ; profile optimization ; modelling ; machine learning ; steelmaking ; fuzzy modelling ; evolving modelling ; continuous casting ; near net shape casting ; twin roll (Bessemer) casting ; horizontal single belt casting ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue book covers a wide scope in the research field of 3D-printing, including: the use of 3D printing in system design; AM with binding jetting; powder manufacturing technologies in 3D printing; fatigue performance of additively manufactured metals, such as the Ti-6Al-4V alloy; 3D-printing methods with metallic powder and a laser-based 3D printer; 3D-printed custom-made implants; laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) process of TiC-TMC coatings; Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing; cranial implant fabrication without supports in electron beam melting (EBM) additive manufacturing; the influence of material properties and characteristics in laser powder bed fusion; Design For Additive Manufacturing (DFAM); porosity evaluation of additively manufactured parts; fabrication of coatings by laser additive manufacturing; laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing; plasma metal deposition (PMD); as-metal-arc (GMA) additive manufacturing process; and spreading process maps for powder-bed additive manufacturing derived from physics model-based machine learning.
    Keywords: powder-bed additive manufacturing (AM) ; powder spreading ; spreading process map ; discrete element method (DEM) ; machine learning ; GMA additive manufacturing ; weld reinforcement ; visual features ; neural network ; selective laser melting ; magnesium alloys ; properties ; plasma metal deposition ; additive manufacturing ; 316L ; processing conditions ; mechanical properties ; microstructure ; virgin ; recycled ; metal powders ; laser powder bed fusion ; laser additive manufacturing ; 316l ss ; nickel alloy ; tribological behavior ; porosity ; rough surface ; ultrasonic testing ; convolutional neural network ; deep neural network ; multi-layer perceptron ; key performance indicators ; topology optimization ; design for additive manufacturing ; design for additive manufacturing services ; selective laser melting (SLM) ; laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) ; powder ; particle size distribution ; particle morphology ; powder layer density ; part density ; flowability ; Hausner ratio ; electron beam melting ; customized implant ; cost analysis ; fitting accuracy ; cranial reconstruction ; thin wall manufacturing ; process modelling ; ultrasonic vibration ; laser directed energy deposition ; coating ; TiC-TMC ; extremity ; revision ; limb salvage surgery ; 3D printing ; customized ; implant ; powder metallurgy ; simulated body fluid ; biomaterial ; fatigue ; titanium ; direct laser deposition ; Inconel 625 ; parametrisation ; microhardness ; preheating ; binder jetting ; sand casting ; aluminum alloy ; corrosion ; pressure drop ; heat exchanger ; surface textures ; dimples ; drag reduction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 87
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: People living in both developed and developing countries face serious health challenges related to sedentary lifestyles. It is therefore essential to find new ways to improve health so that people can live longer and can age well. With an ever-growing number of smart sensing systems developed and deployed across the globe, experts are primed to help coach people toward healthier behaviors. The increasing accountability associated with app- and device-based behavior tracking not only provides timely and personalized information and support but also gives us an incentive to set goals and to do more. This book presents some of the recent efforts made towards automatic and autonomous identification and coaching of troublesome behaviors to procure lasting, beneficial behavioral changes.
    Keywords: activity recognition ; wearable devices ; inertial sensors ; Bluetooth beacons ; machine learning ; e-coaching ; m-health intervention ; personalization ; healthy lifestyle ; physical activity ; tangible user interface ; affordance ; multimodal cueing ; animate objects ; activities of daily living ; human activity recognition ; context-awareness ; Bayesian network ; mobile application ; wearable computing ; wrist-worn heart rate devices ; cardiac rehabilitation ; real-time wearable monitoring ; fuzzy logic ; fuzzy linguistic approach ; m-health ; remote coaching ; telemonitoring ; telehealth ; cadence ; marathon ; elevation change analysis ; personalized assistance level ; coaching ; electric bicycles ; ubiquitous computing ; health ; human-centered computing ; digital coaching ; diabetes education ; serious gaming ; self-management ; user evaluations ; sedentary lifestyle ; context recognition ; unhealthy sitting habits ; wearable sensors ; smartphones ; smart objects ; behavior change ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Remote sensing is a powerful technique for characterizing and monitoring crop or vegetation properties at reasonable temporal and spatial resolutions. Remote sensing uses airborne and spaceborne platforms to collect various imageries and is widely applied for the vegetation monitoring of local- or large-scale interest concerning the effect of geophysical and climate parameters. The Special Issue highlights vegetation monitoring using remote sensing data acquired from satellite or unmanned aerial vehicle platforms. In addition to the optical data, thermal data is utilized to estimate crop yield or production, orchard water status, chlorophyll content, forest diversity mapping, or vegetation phenology.
    Keywords: rice and wheat ; nitrogen remote sensing ; quantitative retrieval ; research prospect ; vegetation phenology ; snow cover ; vegetation index ; SOS ; Tibetan Plateau ; remote sensing ; forest diversity ; GEDI LiDAR ; Sentinel-2 ; machine Learning ; yield forecasting ; logistic model ; normalization method ; crop canopy temperature ; maize ; broadband vegetation indices ; chlorophyll content ; leaf angle distribution ; WorldView-2 ; RapidEye ; GaoFen-6 ; random forest ; land evaluation ; soil ; biomass ; Hungary ; gross primary productivity ; soil health ; soil quality ; coastal marsh ; continuum removal ; hyperspectral ; spectral signatures ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; vegetation species discrimination ; second derivative transformation ; canopy temperature ; crop water status index ; accuracy assessment ; peach orchard ; stem water potential ; backscatter ; gradient boosting ; machine learning ; NDVI ; precision agriculture ; forest stock volume ; NDVIRE ; Helan mountains ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) ; semi-natural grasslands ; plant communities ; time series ; reconstruction algorithm ; smoothing ; optical remote sensing ; cropping intensity ; temporal mixture analysis ; endmember ; unmixing ; time series images ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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  • 89
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This book reprints articles from the Special Issue "Industrial Applications: New Solutions for the New Age" published online in the open-access journal Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This book consists of twelve published articles. This special edition belongs to the "Mechatronic and Intelligent Machines" section.
    Keywords: induction machines ; electrical machines ; vector control ; SVPWM modulation ; frequency inverter ; artificial intelligence ; photovoltaics ; fault detection ; machine learning ; operation and maintenance ; renewable energy ; water-in-crude oil emulsion ; water content ; ultrasound ; propagation velocity ; exoskeletons ; test bench ; industry ; benchmarking ; microgrid model-based systems engineering ; service systems ; goal-oriented requirements engineering ; safety instrumented system ; ventricular assist device Bayesian network ; Petri net ; control strategy ; UAV ; fuzzy ; PID controller ; ROS ; Industry 4.0 ; database ; data models ; big data and analytics ; asset administration shell ; MLOps ; digital twin ; IoT ; prediction ; coordinate metrology ; optical scanning ; noise reduction ; digital manufacturing ; integrated inspection system ; data analytics ; uncertainty ; convolutional neural networks ; warehouse management ; image classification ; ensemble learning ; synthetic data ; depth image ; electrical maintenance ; COVID-19 ; thermography ; fever ; computer vision ; intelligent systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: The impact of buildings on the environment is nothing short of devastating. In recent years, much attention has been given to creating an environmentally friendly built environment. Nonetheless, it has been levied on new buildings. Residential buildings make up at least 80% of the built environment, most of which were built before any energy efficiency guidelines or regulations were introduced. Retrofitting existing residential buildings is a key yet neglected priority in effecting the transition to an environmentally friendly, sustainable built environment. It is pivotal to reducing a building’s energy consumption while simultaneously improving indoor environmental quality and minimizing harmful emissions. This Special Issue showcases studies investigating applications of environmental technology that is tailored to enhance the sustainable performance of existing residential buildings. It helps to better understand the innovations that have been taking place in retrofitting residential buildings, as well as highlighting many opportunities for future research in this field.
    Keywords: automatically generated heating ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) controllers ; Building Information Modelling (BIM) ; Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) ; advanced building controls ; HVAC control ; occupancy prediction ; energy consumption ; thermal comfort ; smart building ; smart city ; Bayesian networks ; elevator control algorithm ; intelligent elevator system ; decision theory ; decision support systems ; solar PV ; battery ; costs ; CO2 emissions ; electric vehicle ; high-density residential district ; pedestrian wind environment ; computational fluid dynamics ; enclosure boundary ; lift-up design ; bushfire ; retrofit ; ember attack ; pressure differential ; urban fringe ; rural housing ; pyro-tornadogenesis ; backdraft ; self-consumption ; solar photovoltaics ; heat pumps ; thermal storage ; space heating ; space cooling ; residential construction ; retrofitting ; sustainable construction ; literature review ; research trends ; scientometric review ; carbon emission ; Green Building-Rating System (GBS) ; cross laminated timber (CLT) ; hybrid structure system ; radiant system ; conditioning system ; residential building ; BIM ; IFC ; architecture model enrichment ; machine learning ; IfcSpace ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This book provides an overview of Data and Decision Sciences (DDS) and recent advances and applications in space-based systems and business, medical, and agriculture processes, decision optimization modeling, and cognitive decision-making. Written by experts, this volume is organized into four sections and seven chapters. It is a valuable resource for educators, engineers, scientists, and researchers in the field of DDS.
    Keywords: machine learning ; simulation ; sustainable agriculture ; regression ; decision support system ; data analytics ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNF Data mining
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  • 92
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Cybersecurity models include provisions for legitimate user and agent authentication, as well as algorithms for detecting external threats, such as intruders and malicious software. In particular, we can define a continuum of cybersecurity measures ranging from user identification to risk-based and multilevel authentication, complex application and network monitoring, and anomaly detection. We refer to this as the “anomaly detection continuum”. Machine learning and other artificial intelligence technologies can provide powerful tools for addressing such issues, but the robustness of the obtained models is often ignored or underestimated. On the one hand, AI-based algorithms can be replicated by malicious opponents, and attacks can be devised so that they will not be detected (evasion attacks). On the other hand, data and system contexts can be modified by attackers to influence the countermeasures obtained from machine learning and render them ineffective (active data poisoning). This Special Issue presents ten papers that can be grouped under five main topics: (1) Cyber–Physical Systems (CPSs), (2) Intrusion Detection, (3) Malware Analysis, (4) Access Control, and (5) Threat intelligence.AI is increasingly being used in cybersecurity, with three main directions of current research: (1) new areas of cybersecurity are being addressed, such as CPS security and threat intelligence; (2) more stable and consistent results are being presented, sometimes with surprising accuracy and effectiveness; and (3) the presence of an AI-aware adversary is recognized and analyzed, producing more robust solutions.
    Keywords: Internet of Things ; cybersecurity ; cyber threats ; malware detection ; machine learning ; network traffic ; cooperative intelligent transportation systems (cITSs) ; IDS ; vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) ; adaptive model ; deep belief network (DBN) ; NIDS ; deep learning ; false negative rate ; artificial neural network ; MITRE ATT&CK Matrix ; techniques classification ; BERT-based multi-labeling ; formal ontology ; risk identification ; vulnerability ; portable executable malware ; tree-based ensemble ; performance comparison ; statistical significance test ; adversarial examples ; face recognition ; mask matrix ; targeted attack ; non-targeted attack ; anomaly detection ; attack detection ; cyber-physical system ; datasets ; evaluation metrics ; biometric cryptosystem ; iris identification ; error-correcting codes ; intrusion detection ; smart grid ; neural networks ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Comprehensive understanding of surface water and groundwater interaction is essential for effective water resources management. Groundwater and surface water are closely connected components that constantly interact with each other within the Earth’s hydrologic cycle. Many studies utilized observations to explain the surface water and groundwater interactions by carefully analyzing the behavior of surface water features (streams, lakes, reservoirs, wetlands, and estuaries) and the related aquifer environments. However, unlike visible surface water, groundwater, an invisible water resource, is not easy to measure or quantify directly. Nevertheless, demand for groundwater that is highly resilient to climate change is growing rapidly. Furthermore, groundwater is the prime source for drinking water supply and irrigation, and hence critical to global food security. Groundwater needs to be managed wisely, protected, and especially sustainably used. However, this task has become a challenge to many hydrologic systems in arid to even humid regions because of added stress caused by changing environment, climate, land use, population growth, etc. In this issue, the editors present contributions on various research areas such as the integrated surface water and groundwater analysis, sustainable management of groundwater, and the interaction between surface water and groundwater. Methodologies, strategies, case studies as well as quantitative techniques for dealing with combined surface water and groundwater management are of interest for this issue.
    Keywords: groundwater-surface water interaction ; analytical ; numerical ; FEMME ; STRIVE ; MODFLOW ; Long Short-Term Memory ; groundwater level prediction ; groundwater withdrawal impact ; groundwater level variation ; machine learning ; integrated surface water and groundwater analysis ; climate change ; hydraulic fracturing ; construction of well pads ; MIKE-SHE ; MIKE-11 ; northwestern Alberta ; SWAT+ ; groundwater ; modeling ; groundwater–surface water interactions ; rainwater harvesting ; climate variability ; small island developing states ; improved water governance ; national sustainable development plans ; SDG6 ; community participation ; drinking water supply ; water supply scheme ; surface water/groundwater interactions ; managed aquifer recharge ; induced riverbank filtration ; groundwater resource management ; water curtain cultivation ; surface–groundwater interaction ; water budget analysis ; Nera River ; carbonate aquifer ; recession curves ; seismic sequence ; permafrost hydrology ; Russian Arctic ; water tracks ; hydrological connectivity ; stable water isotopes ; dissolved organic carbon ; electrical resistivity tomography ; taliks ; flood ; surface and groundwater interactions ; HEIFLOW ; Managed Aquifer Recharge ; groundwater tracer ; heat transport ; surface–ground-water interactions ; infiltration basin ; groundwater hydrology ; young water fraction ; global meteoric water line ; northern Italian Apennines ; stakeholder participation ; surface water-groundwater interaction ; scenario modelling ; integrated water management ; agent-based modelling ; SimCopiapo ; water balance ; water table fluctuation method ; irrigated pastures ; deep percolation ; aquifer recharge ; clay soils ; flood irrigation ; water management ; surface water ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Childhood obesity continues to be a global problem, with several regions showing increasing rates and others having one in every three children overweight despite an apparent halt or downward trend. Children are exposed to nutritional, social, and obesogenic environmental risks from different settings, and this affects their lifelong health. There is a consensus that high-quality multifaceted smart and cost-effective interventions enable children to grow with a healthy set of habits that have lifelong benefits to their wellbeing. The literature has shown that dietary approaches play key roles in improving children’s health, not only on a nutritional level but also in diet quality and patterns. An association between the nutritional strategy and other lifestyle components promotes a more comprehensive approach and should be envisioned in intervention studies. This Special Issue entitled “Child Obesity and Nutrition Promotion Intervention” combines original research manuscripts or reviews of the scientific literature concerning classic or innovative approaches to tackle this public health issue. It presents several nutritional interventions alongside lifestyle health factors, and outcome indicators of effectiveness and sustainability from traditional to ground-breaking methods to exploit both qualitative and quantitative approaches in tackling child obesity.
    Keywords: serious game ; gamification ; eating behavior ; food neophobia ; willingness to taste ; nutritional status ; obesity ; dietary habits ; allergy ; pulmonary function ; allergic rhinitis ; asthma ; dietary habit ; vegetable consumption ; food intake ; preschool children ; Japan ; nutrition ; stress ; mental health ; family ; health behavior ; childhood obesity ; health intervention ; healthy lifestyle intervention ; school-based intervention ; MVPA ; overweight and obesity ; self-efficacy ; adolescent girls ; parent–child dyads ; food availability ; advertising ; healthy diet ; promotion programs ; community-based program ; school meals ; salt intake ; sodium consumption ; schools ; canteen ; adolescents ; implementation ; purchase behaviour ; overweight ; machine learning ; deep learning ; statistical models ; data science ; BMI ; child ; surveillance ; health ; noncommunicable diseases ; children ; fruit ; vegetables ; soft drinks ; energy balance-related behaviors ; self-regulation skills ; preschoolers ; randomized controlled trial ; intervention effects ; parental educational level ; intervention mapping ; multicomponent intervention ; school children ; food and nutrition ; intervention ; healthy eating ; food acceptance ; tactile play ; cooking ; fish ; health promotion ; childhood overweight ; risk ; community ; screening ; tool ; food environment ; home ; school ; food consumption patterns ; dietary intakes ; macronutrients ; micronutrients ; Eastern Mediterranean Region ; review ; parental role modelling ; family environment ; availability and accessibility ; cluster randomised controlled trial ; minority ; parents ; prevention ; diet ; nutrition promotion ; Black/African American ; Hispanic ; qualitative ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Today’s power system is facing the challenges of increasing global demand for electricity, high-reliability requirements, the need for clean energy and environmental protection, and planning restrictions. To move towards a green and smart electric power system, centralized generation facilities are being transformed into smaller and more distributed ones. As a result, the microgrid concept is emerging, where a microgrid can operate as a single controllable system and can be viewed as a group of distributed energy loads and resources, which can include many renewable energy sources and energy storage systems. The energy management of a large number of distributed energy resources is required for the reliable operation of the microgrid. Microgrids and nanogrids can allow for better integration of distributed energy storage capacity and renewable energy sources into the power grid, therefore increasing its efficiency and resilience to natural and technical disruptive events. Microgrid networking with optimal energy management will lead to a sort of smart grid with numerous benefits such as reduced cost and enhanced reliability and resiliency. They include small-scale renewable energy harvesters and fixed energy storage units typically installed in commercial and residential buildings. In this challenging context, the objective of this book is to address and disseminate state-of-the-art research and development results on the implementation, planning, and operation of microgrids/nanogrids, where energy management is one of the core issues.
    Keywords: energy demand ; long-term forecasting ; machine learning ; R programming ; solar power generation ; support vector regression ; economic energy ; Bonobo Optimizer ; hybrid renewable energy system ; microgrid ; PV panels ; wind turbine ; energy storage ; hierarchical control ; primary ; secondary control ; droop control ; frequency restoration ; voltage restoration ; grid synchronization ; proportional resonant controller ; robust control ; distributed generation, microgrid ; LMI ; optimization ; lightning attachment procedure optimization (LAPO) algorithm ; photovoltaic panel ; uncertainty ; cooperation ; energy ; reliability ; Monte Carlo ; smart energy control ; grid-synchronization ; dynamic voltage restorer ; converter control system ; sliding mode control ; economic scheduling ; clean energy ; quantum mayfly algorithm (QMA) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint, entitled “Process Control and Smart Manufacturing for Industry 4.0”, contains the extended papers from the Series of annual IFSA conferences on Automation, Robotics and Communications for Industry 4.0/5.0 (ARCI) on the following topics: Process Automation, Process Control and Monitoring, Design Principles in Industry 4.0, Smart Manufacturing and Technologies, Smart Factories, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing. The reprint contains 13 chapters written by 54 ARCI conference participants from seven countries: China, Croatia, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Poland and Romania. This reprint will inform readers of cutting-edge developments in the field and provide effective starting points and a road map for further research and development. All chapters follow the same structure: firstly, an introduction to the specific topic under study; secondly, a description of the field, including sensing or/and measuring applications. Each chapter ends with a curated list of references, including books, journals, conference proceedings and websites. “Process Control and Smart Manufacturing for Industry 4.0” is intended for researchers and scientists from academia and industry, as well as for postgraduate students.
    Keywords: steel alloys ; resistance spot welding ; RSW ; electrode wear ; electrode tip-dressing ; process monitoring ; mushrooming ; plateau forming ; quality control ; COVID-19 ; FDM ; 3D printing ; injection molding ; personal protection ; rapid prototyping ; protective face shields ; mechatronics line ; visual servoing system ; wheeled mobile robot ; industrial robotic manipulator ; Industry 4.0 ; NDT ; magnetic particle inspection ; optimization ; condition monitoring ; vibration ; acoustic emission ; drive train ; data fusion ; machine learning ; product morphology ; core data model ; phase rule filter ; phase private data model ; storage system ; forklift AGV ; deep learning ; semantic segmentation ; H-Swish ; community transformation ; community innovation governance ; ternary space ; coupling and coordination analysis ; lean manufacturing ; lean principles ; pull principle ; production control mechanisms ; production processes ; lean implementation ; batch process ; partial least squares ; multi-phase ; multi-mode ; master production scheduling ; make-to-order ; mathematical programming ; agent-based ; overtime ; earliness ; tardiness ; equipment selection decision ; business compass ; energy consumption ; processing time ; beetle antennae search algorithm ; sustainable blank dimension design ; energy-saving ; low-carbon ; grey wolf algorithm ; gas–solid ; cyclone ; separator ; gas dynamics ; erosion ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This Special Issue is intended to lay the foundation of AI applications focusing on oral health, including general dentistry, periodontology, implantology, oral surgery, oral radiology, orthodontics, and prosthodontics, among others.
    Keywords: machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; malocclusion ; diagnostic imaging ; active learning ; maxillary sinusitis ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; segmentation ; oral microbiota ; LEfSe ; PCoA ; alloprevotella ; prevotella ; core microbiota ; artificial neural networks ; oral cancer diagnosis ; oral cancer prediction ; pit and fissure sealants ; caries assessment ; visual examination ; clinical evaluation ; convolutional neural networks ; transfer learning ; deep learning network ; YOLOv4 ; mandibular third molar ; inferior alveolar nerve ; contact relationship ; panoramic radiograph ; deep learning methods ; caries diagnosis ; dental panoramic images ; radiography ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; FTIR imaging ; spectral biomarker ; multivariate analysis ; discriminant model ; oral squamous cell carcinoma ; oral epithelial dysplasia ; oral potentially malignant disorder ; risk stratification ; early oral cancer detection ; dentigerous cysts ; histopathology images ; image classification ; odontogenic keratocysts ; radicular cysts ; AI ; screening ; diagnosis ; dentistry ; ultrasonography ; tongue ; algorithm ; dysphagia ; impacted ; tooth ; detection ; neural networks ; proximal caries ; training strategy ; small dataset ; periapical radiograph ; X-ray ; tooth extraction ; oroantral fistula ; operative planning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 98
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This reprint focuses on the mechanisms, modeling and controlling techniques of flash flood disasters, mainly in mountainous areas. Flash floods are among the most severe natural disasters, and the current publication will not only inspire future research but also enrich the current practice of flash flood disaster prevention and mitigation. This collection focusses on the engaged efforts in mitigating flash flood disasters, deepening the understanding of the causes of disasters in existing cases, finding appropriate modeling approaches, and implementing mitigation strategies. The readers will find within this reprint significant contributions for improving prevention and developing mitigation strategies, as well as protecting the safety of exposed populations.
    Keywords: flood monitoring ; forecasting ; hazard exposure ; emergency response ; Vaisigano River ; Samoa ; SWAT ; CMADS ; TRMM ; the Danjiang river basin ; flash flood ; bifurcation ; confluence ; shallow-water models ; flash-flood modelling system ; disaster mechanism ; runoff generation component ; disaster amplification effect ; economic losses from flood disasters ; flash flood disaster control ; Kaya identity ; LMDI technique decomposition method ; flood hazard ; morphometry ; PCA ; logistic regression ; Sinai ; Egypt ; grass coverage rate ; grass spatial arrangement patterns ; slope-gully system ; erosion ; debris flow ; lateral erosion ; strong earthquake area ; model experiment ; erosion pattern ; Tlalnepantla River ; flash floods ; hyetograph shape ; Hec Ras 2d ; Dorrigo diagram ; regionalization ; hydrological model ; hydrodynamic model ; disaster review analysis ; heavy rainfall in Henan ; periglacial debris flow ; southeast Tibet ; small sample imbalanced data ; prediction model ; random forest ; mountain torrents ; distributed hydrological model ; parameters regionalization ; machine learning ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 99
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: “Soft Computing and Machine Learning in Dam Engineering” is a comprehensive, edited Special Issue that explores the latest advances in the application of soft computing and machine learning techniques to dam engineering. This reprint covers a range of topics, including dam design, construction, monitoring, and maintenance, and provides readers with a deep understanding of the theoretical foundations and practical applications of these techniques.Featuring contributions from leading experts in the field, the reprint presents a collection of 11 papers that offer insights into state-of-the-art approaches in dam engineering. The chapters cover topics such as fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, artificial neural networks, and support vector machines, and provide practical examples of how these techniques can be applied to solve real-world dam engineering problems.Whether you are a researcher, engineer, or student in the field of dam engineering, “Soft Computing and Machine Learning in Dam Engineering” provides a valuable resource for staying up-to-date with the latest techniques and approaches in the field.
    Keywords: dams ; Polynomial Chaos Expansion ; random fields ; random forest ; vibration analysis ; gravity dams ; safety assessment ; probabilistic analysis ; parameter uncertainty ; sample optimization ; variance-based sensitivity analysis ; sensitivity analysis ; polynomial chaos expansion ; uncertainty ; deep neural networks ; rockfill dams ; anomaly detection ; machine learning ; support vector machines ; one-class classification ; concrete dam ; machine learning methods ; structural behaviour ; model validation ; ice loads ; concrete dams ; back-calculation ; dam safety ; monitoring ; arch dams ; seismic safety ; endurance time analysis ; non-linear seismic analysis ; concrete damage model ; tensile and compressive damage ; design variable ; finite element ; feasibility design ; surrogate ; AutoML ; roller compacted concrete (RCC) ; risk-informed design ; Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) ; non-linear structural analysis ; multilayer perceptron neural network model ; structural health monitoring ; threshold definition ; moving average of the residuals ; moving standard deviation of the residuals ; DBSCAN ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 100
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Fault diagnosis has always been a concern for industry. In general, diagnosis in complex systems requires the acquisition of information from sensors and the processing and extracting of required features for the classification or identification of faults. Therefore, fault diagnosis of sensors is clearly important as faulty information from a sensor may lead to misleading conclusions about the whole system. As engineering systems grow in size and complexity, it becomes more and more important to diagnose faulty behavior before it can lead to total failure. In the light of above issues, this book is dedicated to trends and applications in modern-sensor fault diagnosis.
    Keywords: rolling bearing ; performance degradation ; hybrid kernel function ; krill herd algorithm ; SVR ; acoustic-based diagnosis ; gear fault diagnosis ; attention mechanism ; convolutional neural network ; stacked auto-encoder ; weighting strategy ; deep learning ; bearing fault diagnosis ; intelligent leak detection ; acoustic emission signals ; statistical parameters ; support vector machine ; wavelet denoising ; Shannon entropy ; adaptive noise reducer ; gaussian reference signal ; gearbox fault diagnosis ; one against on multiclass support vector machine ; varying rotational speed ; fault detection and diagnosis ; faults estimation ; actuator and sensor fault ; observer design ; Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy systems ; automotive ; perception sensor ; lidar ; fault detection ; fault isolation ; fault identification ; fault recovery ; fault diagnosis ; fault detection and isolation (FDIR) ; autonomous vehicle ; model predictive control ; path tracking control ; fault detection and isolation ; braking control ; nonlinear systems ; fault tolerant control ; iterative learning control ; neural networks ; cryptography ; wireless sensor networks ; machine learning ; scan-chain diagnosis ; artificial neural network ; NARX ; control valve ; decision tree ; signature matrix ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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