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  • Books  (292)
  • Rijeka : InTech  (292)
  • English  (292)
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  • Polish
  • 2010-2014  (292)
  • 2000-2004
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  • Books  (292)
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  • English  (292)
  • Dutch
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  • 1
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    Biodiversity : The Dynamic Balance of the Planet (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: environmental sciences ; biodiversity
    Description / Table of Contents: The current world biodiversity consists of an inestimable amount of living forms, that at all levels, from genes to biomes, from individuals to populations, from species to communities, are in constant pursuit of the best strategies to react to the natural and anthropic environmental changes. The arrangement of new and dynamic ecosystems balanced by the formation and the vanishing of species, is the direct consequence of these changes. This book contains comprehensive overviews and original studies focused on ecological and ecosystem functioning studies, hazards and conservation management, assessment of environmental variables affecting species diversity, also considering species richness and distribution, in order to identify the best management strategies to face and solve the conservation problems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (378 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535113157
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/biodiversity-the-dynamic-balance-of-the-planet
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Advanced Geoscience Remote Sensing (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: remote sensing
    Description / Table of Contents: Nowadays advanced remote sensing technology plays tremendous roles in building a quantitative and comprehensive understanding of how the Earth system works. The advanced remote sensing technology is also used widely to monitor and survey the natural disasters and man-made pollution. Besides, telecommunication is considered as an accuracy remote sensing advanced technology tool. Precise usage of remote sensing and telecommunication cannot be built without comprehensive understanding of mathematics and physics. This book has three parts (i) microwave remote sensing applications, (ii) nuclear, geophysics and telecommunication; and (iii) environment remote sensing investigations.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535115816
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/advanced-geoscience-remote-sensing
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Technology and Application of Microbial Fuel Cells (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: Faced with the upcoming serious deficiency of energy, food and water, along with inevitable environmental pollution, much related research has been on the upsurge because Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) seem to be one of the solutions to these concerns in the future. The aim of this book is to describe and consider some concepts regarding MFC application designs for interested colleagues. Five topics regarding the technology of flow control, biocatalysts, biofilms, removal of chemical oxygen demand and biochemical fields are addressed in the book. Considering the low power density and short life span of MFCs, there has been a dramatic increase in funding and research that has led to a greater understanding of the fundamental science behind MFC study. This is driving significant improvements in both the reliability and efficiency of MFCs and hence their future use.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535116271
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/technology-and-application-of-microbial-fuel-cells
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Contemporary Issues in Wireless Communications (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Description / Table of Contents: Wireless communications have a strong impact on improving the quality of life in this century. Smart phones industry is now considered one of the most attractive fields, so advanced research is conducted in order to improve the quality of service in wireless communication environments. Many design challenges such as power consumption, quality of service, low cost, high data rate and small size are being treated every day. This book aims to provide highlights of the current research in the field of wireless communications. The subjects discussed are very valuable to communication researchers as well as researchers in the wireless related areas. The book chapters cover a wide range of wireless communication topics that are considered key technologies for future applications.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535117322
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/contemporary-issues-in-wireless-communications
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Magnesium Alloys : Properties in Solid and Liquid States (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Description / Table of Contents: Magnesium alloys with their unique physical and chemical properties are important candidates for many modern engineering applications. Their density, being the lowest of all structural metals, makes them the primary choice in global attempts aimed at reducing the weight of transportation vehicles. However, magnesium also creates challenges at certain stages of raw alloy melting, fabrication of net-shape components and their service. The first one is caused by very high affinity of magnesium to oxygen, which requires protective atmospheres increasing manufacturing cost and heavily contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. The second challenge relates to very high corrosivity of liquid magnesium towards materials it contacts. This imposes restrictions on the selection of materials used to contain, transfer or process molten magnesium during manufacturing operations. A mixture of unique benefits and serious challenges of magnesium alloys in solid and liquid states described here makes the book very useful for a broad audience of scientists and engineers from academia and industry.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535117285
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/magnesium-alloys-properties-in-solid-and-liquid-states
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    ICT - Energy - Concepts Towards Zero - Power Information and Communication Technology (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: energy engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: A sustainable future for our information society relies on bridging the gap between the energy required to operate portable ICT devices with the energy available from portable/mobile sources. The only viable solution is attacking the gap from both sides, i.e. to reduce the amount of energy dissipated during computation and to improve the efficiency in energy harvesting technologies. This requires deeper and broader knowledge of fundamental processes and thorough understanding of how they apply to materials and engineering at the nanoscale, all the way up to the design of energy-efficient electronics. This textbook is a first attempt to discuss such concepts towards Zero-Power ICT. The content is accessible to advanced undergraduates and early year researchers fascinated by this topic. The book is realized through the EU-funded ZEROPOWER project.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535112181
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/ict-energy-concepts-towards-zero-power-information-and-communication-technology
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Cells and Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Description / Table of Contents: This book serves as a good starting point for anyone interested in the application of tissue engineering. It offers a colorful mix of topics, which explain the obstacles and possible solutions for TE applications. The first part covers the use of adult stem cells and their applications. The following chapters offer an insight into the development of a tailored biomaterial for organ replacement and highlight the importance of cell-biomaterial interaction. In summary, this book offers insights into a wide variety of cells, biomaterials, interfaces and applications of the next generation biotechnology, which is tissue engineering.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (382 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535117315
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/cells-and-biomaterials-in-regenerative-medicine
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Land Applications of Radar Remote Sensing (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; remote sensing ; SAR ; radar
    Description / Table of Contents: The aim of this book is to demonstrate the use of SAR data in three application domains, i.e. land cover (Part II), topography (Part III), and land motion (Part IV). These are preceded by Part I, where an extensive and complete review on speckle and adaptive filtering is provided, essential for the understanding of SAR images. Part II is dedicated to land cover mapping. Part III is devoted to the generation of Digital Elevation Models based on radargrammetry and on a wise fusion (by considering sensor characteristic and acquisition geometry) of interferometric and photogrammetric elevation data. Part IV provides a contribution to three applications related to land motion.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (318 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535115892
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/land-applications-of-radar-remote-sensing
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MATLAB Applications for the Practical Engineer (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Description / Table of Contents: Being an automotive enthusiast and hobbyist, there is a saying around the race track that speed isnt everything, its just most everything. Similar sentiments can be said about MATLAB. MATLAB isnt everything to a practicing engineer, its just most everything. MATLAB is an indispensable asset for scientists, researchers, and engineers. The richness of the MATLAB computational environment combined with an integrated development environment (IDE) and straightforward interface, toolkits, and simulation and modeling capabilities, creates a research and development tool that has no equal. From quick code prototyping to full blown deployable applications, MATLAB stands as a de facto development language and environment serving the technical needs of a wide range of users. As a collection of diverse applications, each book chapter presents a novel application and use of MATLAB for a specific result.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (664 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535117193
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/matlab-applications-for-the-practical-engineer
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    CO2 Sequestration and Valorization (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: CO2 ; greenhouse gas emissions
    Description / Table of Contents: The reconciliation of economic development, social justice and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is one of the biggest political challenges of the moment. Strategies for mitigating CO2 emissions on a large scale using sequestration, storage and carbon technologies are priorities on the agendas of research centres and governments. Research on carbon sequestration is the path to solving major sustainability problems of this century a complex issue that requires a scientific approach and multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary technology, plus a collaborative policy among nations. Thus, this challenge makes this book an important source of information for researchers, policymakers and anyone with an inquiring mind on this subject.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (470 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535112259
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/co2-sequestration-and-valorization
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Progress in Compact Antennas (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Description / Table of Contents: Compact antennas are a subject of growing interest from industry and scientific community to equip wireless communicating objects. The need for high performance small antennas and RF front ends is the challenge for future and next generation mobile devices. This book brings the body of knowledge on compact antennas into a single comprehensive volume. It is designed to meet the needs of electrical engineering and physics students to the senior undergraduate and beginning graduate levels, and those of practicing engineers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535117230
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/progress-in-compact-antennas
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Advances in Gas Chromatography (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: chemistry ; gas chromatography
    Description / Table of Contents: For decades gas chromatography has been and will remain an irreplaceable analytical technique in many research areas for both quantitative analysis and qualitative characterization/identification, which is still supplementary with HPLC. This book highlights a few areas where significant advances have been reported recently and/or a revisit of basic concepts is deserved. It provides an overview of instrumental developments, frontline and modern research as well as practical industrial applications. The topics include GC-based metabolomics in biomedical, plant and microbial research, natural products as well as characterization of aging of synthetic materials and industrial monitoring, which are contributions of several experts from different disciplines. It also contains best hand-on practices of sample preparation (derivatization) and data processing in daily research. This book is recommended to both basic and experienced researchers in gas chromatography.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (213 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535112273
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/advances-in-gas-chromatography
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Mitigation of Ionospheric Threats to GNSS: an Appraisal of the Scientific and Technological Outputs of the TRANSMIT Project (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; ionosphere ; GNSS
    Description / Table of Contents: TRANSMIT (Training Research and Applications Network to Support the Mitigation of Ionospheric Threats) is an initiative funded by the European Commission through a Marie Curie Initial Training Network. It provided a coordinated program of academic and industrial training, focused on atmospheric phenomena that can significantly impair a wide range of systems and applications that are at the core of several activities embedded in our daily life. TRANSMIT deals with the harmful effects of the ionosphere on these systems. Main aim of the project has been to develop a web based prototype demonstrator aiming to showcase the project research outcomes in a user friendly manner, through a series of model outputs and tools that could serve as the blueprint for a future service to assist users and industry to mitigate the effects of ionospheric threats to GNSS. This book is concerned with the TRANSMIT 2014 Workshop Appraisal of Scientific and Technological Output that took place in Torino (Italy) on February 2014, where a full update on the status of the prototype development and the next steps leading to its full implementation were provided.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535116424
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/mitigation-of-ionospheric-threats-to-gnss-an-appraisal-of-the-scientific-and-technological-outputs-of-the-transmit-project
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Organic Agriculture Towards Sustainability (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: agricultural and biological sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Organic agriculture combines tradition, innovation and science to benefit the shared environment and promotes fair relationships and a good quality of life. This book is a compilation of 11 chapters focused on development of organic agriculture, the role of sustainability in ecosystem and social community, analysis of environmental impacts of the organic farming system and its comparison with the conventional one, crop growing and weed control technologies, organic production, effective microorganisms technology. Continuously, a wide range of research experiments focus on organic agriculture technologies, quality of production, environmental protection and non-chemical, ecologically acceptable alternative solutions. In the book Organic Agriculture Towards Sustainability, contributing researchers cover multiple topics respecting modern, precious organic agriculture research.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535113409
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/organic-agriculture-towards-sustainability
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Environmental Risk Assessment of Soil Contamination (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: environmental sciences ; soil sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Soil is an irreplaceable resource that sustains life on the planet, challenged by food and energy demands of an increasing population. Therefore, soil contamination constitutes a critical issue to be addressed if we are to secure the life quality of present and future generations. Integrated efforts from researchers and policy makers are required to develop sound risk assessment procedures, remediation strategies and sustainable soil management policies. Environmental Risk Assessment of Soil Contamination provides a wide depiction of current research in soil contamination and risk assessment, encompassing reviews and case studies on soil pollution by heavy metals and organic pollutants. The book introduces several innovative approaches for soil remediation and risk assessment, including advances in phytoremediation and implementation of metabolomics in soil sciences.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (918 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535112358
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/environmental-risk-assessment-of-soil-contamination
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    Sustainable Aquaculture Techniques (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: agriculture
    Description / Table of Contents: This book presents some innovative developments in sustainable aquaculture practices in the context of environmental protection and seafood production techniques. The chapters are written by experts in their respective areas, so that their contribution represents the progress of their research, which is intended to mark the current frontier in aquaculture practices. Every chapter presents techniques that contribute to good aquaculture practices, where direct and vital nutrition and food, as a source of energy and biomass generation, is fundamentally based. We hope this book supports producers and researchers in their activities and helps to maintain a spirit of environmental protection in the context of production of high quality, nutritional food.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (265 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535112242
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/sustainable-aquaculture-techniques
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    Geochronology : Methods and Case Studies (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Description / Table of Contents: Chronology is the backbone of history, and there is a wise saying stating there is no history without a chronology. Earths evolutionary history is built up by geochronology, i.e. time benchmarks upon which the geological history is built up step by step over its total time period of about 4.5 billion years. The first marker in this history is the Jack Hills zircon from Australia dated at about 4.4 GA. The most detailed records come from seasonal changes within annual varves. Stratigraphy provides the basic chronological ordering of layers by layers, units by units, fossil assemblage by assemblage, varves by varves, growth zone by growth zone, etc. The radiometric techniques implied the introduction of absolute age determinations. This book includes a combination of methodological presentations and related case studies, from where we learn about practical problems and achievements. Therefore, the book should be of basic interest both for scientists in their practical in field and laboratory, as well as for general educational purpose.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535116431
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/geochronology-methods-and-case-studies
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Integrated Use of Space, Geophysical and Hyperspectral Technologies Intended for Monitoring Water Leakages in Water Supply Networks (2014)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: remote sensing
    Description / Table of Contents: Remote sensing has been used for water management purposes over the years. This book describes the combination of satellite imagery, in-situ spectroradiometric data and radar techniques for the identification of water leakages in the water supply network in both rural and urban areas in Cyprus. This book presents a holistic approach combining new technologies for a complete system of water distribution network leakage detection management, by combining Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Satellite Remote Sensing techniques as well Geophysical surveys such as ground penetrating radar (GPR), Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and spectro-radiometric measurements, which can be used to effectively identify and monitor water leakages.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (82 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535117292
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/integrated-use-of-space-geophysical-and-hyperspectral-technologies-intended-for-monitoring-water-leakages-in-water-supply-networks
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    Multivariate Analysis in Management, Engineering and the Sciences (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: computer and information science ; artificial intelligence
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535109211
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/multivariate-analysis-in-management-engineering-and-the-sciences
    Language: English
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  • 20
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    Herbivory (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: environment
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies of herbivory provide important insights into fundamental questions in many areas of the biological sciences. The focus on natural systems is more effective for the prediction of potential changes in ecosystems, given that agricultural systems are designed to create an equilibrium that optimizes the productive process. Given the ramifications of the processes related to herbivory, studies based on complementary approaches are necessary for a better understanding of the different aspects of the ecological process. This book attempts to expand on these different aspects of herbivory by presenting a multidisciplinary approach to a number of different themes, focusing on topics that range from basic research in natural habitats to the intrinsic relationships between animals and plants in agricultural systems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110521
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/herbivory
    Language: English
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    Evapotranspiration : An Overview (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: environment
    Description / Table of Contents: Evapotranspiration - An Overview contains recent advances in the physics of evaporation and transpiration from a typical experimental site to large scale areas. It incorporates many years of authors experience with the latest research on the methods and the models used worldwide, engaging advanced technology and modern instrumentation. The reader benefits from the in-depth analysis and the diverse sites and settings, where the models, applications and methods are tested. Weather conditions, soil moisture, geology, climatic systems are examined for their role and influence on the theoretical and actual water demand by the atmosphere in the earth's ecosystem. This book not only provides students and scientists with the information to improve the procedures for estimating evapotranspiration, but will also help them to manage and evaluate the observed data.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111153
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/evapotranspiration-an-overview
    Language: English
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  • 22
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    Mass Transfer : Advances in Sustainable Energy and Environment Oriented Numerical Modeling (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: engineering ; heat and mass transfer
    Description / Table of Contents: Our knowledge of mass transfer processes has been extended and applied to various fields of science and engineering including industrial processes in recent years. Since mass transfer is primordial phenomenon, it plays a key role in the scientific researches and fields of mechanical, energy, environmental, materials, bio, and chemical engineering. In this book, energetic authors especially provide advances in scientific findings and technologies, and develop new theoretical models concerning mass transfer for sustainable energy and environment. This book brings valuable references for research engineers working in the variety of mass transfer sciences and related fields. Since the constitutive topics cover the advances in broad research areas, the topics will be mutually stimulus and informative not only to research engineers, but also to university professors and students.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (511 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111702
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/mass-transfer-advances-in-sustainable-energy-and-environment-oriented-numerical-modeling
    Language: English
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  • 23
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    Design of Experiments : Applications (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: methodology ; experiments ; science
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is a research publication that covers original research on developments within the Design of Experiments - Applications field of study. The book is a collection of reviewed scholarly contributions written by different authors and edited by Dr. Messias Borges Silva. Each scholarly contribution represents a chapter and each chapter is complete in itself but related to the major topics and objectives. The target audience comprises scholars and specialists in the field.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111689
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/design-of-experiments-applications
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  • 24
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    Wave Propagation : Theories and Applications (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: waves ; engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: A wave is one of the basic physics phenomena observed by mankind since ancient time. The wave is also one of the most-studied physics phenomena that can be well described by mathematics. The study may be the best illustration of what is “science”, which approximates the laws of nature by using human defined symbols, operators, and languages. Having a good understanding of waves and wave propagation can help us to improve the quality of life and provide a pathway for future explorations of the nature and universe. This book introduces some exciting applications and theories to those who have general interests in waves and wave propagations, and provides insights and references to those who are specialized in the areas presented in the book.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (380 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535109792
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/wave-propagation-theories-and-applications
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    Engineering Seismology, Geotechnical and Structural Earthquake Engineering (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; geology and geophysics ; seismology ; earthquake
    Description / Table of Contents: The mitigation of earthquake-related hazards represents a key role in the modern society. The mitigation of such kind of hazards spans from detailed studies on seismicity, evaluation of site effects, and seismo-induced landslides, tsunamis as well as and the design and analysis of structures to resist such actions. The study of earthquakes ties together science, technology and expertise in infrastructure and engineering in an effort to minimize human and material losses when they inevitably occur. Chapters deal with different topics aiming to mitigate geo-hazards such as: Seismic hazard analysis, Ground investigation for seismic design, Seismic design, assessment and remediation, Earthquake site response analysis and soil-structure interaction analysis.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110385
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/engineering-seismology-geotechnical-and-structural-earthquake-engineering
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    Sediment Transport Processes and Their Modelling Applications (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: marine science ; sedimentology
    Description / Table of Contents: Sediment Transport Processes and their Modelling Applications is a book which covers a wide range of topics. The effective management of many aquatic environments, requires a detailed understanding of sediment dynamics. This has both environmental and economic implications, especially where there is any anthropogenic involvement. Numerical models are often the tool used for predicting the transport and fate of sediment movement in these situations, as they can estimate the various spatial and temporal fluxes. However, the physical sedimentary processes can vary quite considerably depending upon whether the local sediments are fully cohesive, non-cohesive, or a mixture of both types. For this reason for more than half a century, scientists, engineers, hydrologists and mathematicians have all been continuing to conduct research into the many aspects which influence sediment transport. These issues range from processes such as scour, erosion and deposition, to how sediment process observations can be applied in sediment transport modelling frameworks. This book reports the findings from recent research in applied sediment transport which has been conducted in a wide range of aquatic environments. The research was carried out by researchers who specialise in the transport of sediments and related issues.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (380 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110392
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/sediment-transport-processes-and-their-modelling-applications
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  • 27
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    Earthquake Research and Analysis : New Advances in Seismology (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earthquake ; seismology ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: The mitigation of earthquake-related hazards represents a key role in the modern society. The main goal of this book is to present 9 scientific papers focusing on new research and results on earthquake seismology. Chapters of this book focus on several aspect of seismology ranging from historical earthquake analysis, seismotectonics, and damage estimation of critical facilities.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (207 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110545
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/earthquake-research-and-analysis-new-advances-in-seismology
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    Organic Pollutants : Monitoring, Risk and Treatment (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: environmental pollution ; environmental sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Organic pollutants cause several environmental problems if discharged to air or water body. The occurrence of organic pollutants in the ecosystem, their risk and removal methods are very important issues .This book deals with several aspects of organic pollutants, especially in the light of organic pollutants monitoring, risk assessment as well as the practical application of different techniques for removing it from the environment. The book is divided into three sections contains 9 chapters. The first section explains monitoring of organic pollutants in soil and water. The second section discusse its risk to human, soil and plants. The third section focuse on the different treatment process for the removal of organic pollutants.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (229 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535109488
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/organic-pollutants-monitoring-risk-and-treatment
    Language: English
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  • 29
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    Advanced Topics on Crystal Growth (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: crystal growth ; materials science
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal growth is the key step of a great number of very important applications. The development of new devices and products, from the traditional microelectronic industry to pharmaceutical industry and many others, depends on crystallization processes. The objective of this book is not to cover all areas of crystal growth but just present, as specified in the title, important selected topics, as applied to organic and inorganic systems. All authors have been selected for being key researchers in their field of specialization, working in important universities and research labs around the world. The first section is mainly devoted to biological systems and covers topics like proteins, bone and ice crystallization. The second section brings some applications to inorganic systems and describes more general growth techniques like chemical vapor crystallization and electrodeposition. This book is mostly recommended for students working in the field of crystal growth and for scientists and engineers in the fields of crystalline materials, crystal engineering and the industrial applications of crystallization processes.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (423 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110101
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/advanced-topics-on-crystal-growth
    Language: English
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  • 30
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    Environmental Change and Sustainability (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: global change ; environmental sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Environments around the globe are undergoing human-induced change. Human population growth, rapid urbanization, expanding global economy, and the diffusion of western consumer lifestyles are placing increasing pressure on natural and social systems. Global institutions, nation-states, and local communities are seeking to identify and employ sustainable solutions to these environmental and socio-economic challenges. Sustainability has emerged as a policy discourse that seeks to balance the desire and need for economic growth with the protection of the environment, and the promotion of social and environmental justice. This book contributes to the study and search for sustainable responses to global environmental change. The authors of this volume explore environmental change in different places around the world and the diverse responses to such changes. The chapters demonstrate the need for place-specific sustainable development; the authors suggest the need to see sustainable responses to environmental change as a negotiated outcome between various social actors living and working in diverse spatial, environmental and socio-economic contexts. Environmental Change and Sustainability is a timely international examination of the relationship between environmental change and sustainability. As an InTech open source volume, current and cutting edge research methodologies and research results are quickly published for the academic policy-making communities. Dimensions of environmental change and sustainability explored in this volume include: Natural science approaches to study of environmental change Importance of perception in human understanding of environmental change Role of external events and institutions in shaping sustainable responses to environmental change Importance of bottom-up sustainable development as key to reducing environmental risk and community vulnerability The need for place-based sustainable development that combines local conditions with global processes Creation of a sustainable development model that synthesizes local, traditional knowledge of the environment and environmental management with the techniques and understandings generated by modern environmental science.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (301 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110941
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/environmental-change-and-sustainability
    Language: English
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    Advances in Landscape Architecture (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: landscape ; environmental sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Landscape architecture is the design of outdoor and public spaces to achieve environmental, socio-behavioral, and/or aesthetic outcomes. It involves the systematic investigation of existing social, ecological, and geological conditions and processes in the landscape, and the design of interventions that will produce the desired outcome. The scope of the profession includes: urban design; site planning; town or urban planning; environmental restoration; parks and recreation planning; visual resource management; green infrastructure planning and provision; and private estate and residence landscape master planning and design - all at varying scales of design, planning and management. This book contains chapters on recent developments in studies of landscape architecture. For this reason I believe the book would be useful to the relevant professional disciplines.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (924 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111672
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/advances-in-landscape-architecture
    Language: English
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    Remote Sensing of Environment : Integrated Approaches (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: civil engineering ; remote sensing
    Description / Table of Contents: This book covers the latest developments in remote sensing theory and applications by numerous researchers, experts and collaborators of the Remote Sensing and Geo-Environment Lab of the Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics of the Cyprus University of Technology. The main highlight of this book is combination of several techniques such as satellite remote sensing, field spectroscopy, smart sensors, ground techniques for achieving an integrated method for the systematic monitoring of the environment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (211 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111528
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/remote-sensing-of-environment-integrated-approaches
    Language: English
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    Climate Change and Regional/Local Responses (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; oceanography and atmospheric sciences ; climate change
    Pages: Online-Ressource (247 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111320
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/climate-change-and-regional-local-responses
    Language: English
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    Effective and Sustainable Hydraulic Fracturing (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; geology and geophysics ; fracturing
    Description / Table of Contents: This book comprises the proceedings for the International Conference for Effective and Sustainable Hydraulic Fracturing (HF2013) which was held 20-22 May 2013 in Brisbane, Australia. The conference goal was to advance hydraulic fracturing technology that is effective in its purpose and sustainable in its impacts on communities and environments by bringing together hydraulic fracturing experts not only from the petroleum industry, but also from other application areas of hydraulic fracturing such as mining and geothermal energy production. Topics include hydraulic fracturing of naturally fractured formations, well completions and fracture initiation, induced seismicity, experimental investigations, and coupled modelling. Beyond this mix of traditional hydraulic fracturing research topics, this book includes papers on applications in mining and also on regulations, risk, and communities.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1000 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111375
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/effective-and-sustainable-hydraulic-fracturing
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    Current Perspectives in Contaminant Hydrology and Water Resources Sustainability (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: hydrology ; sustainability
    Description / Table of Contents: Human society depends on liquid freshwater resources to meet drinking, sanitation and hygiene, agriculture, and industry needs. Improved resource monitoring and better understanding of the anthropogenic threats to freshwater environments are critical to efficient management of freshwater resources and ultimately to the survival and quality of life of the global human population. This book helps address the need for improved freshwater resource monitoring and threat assessment by presenting current reviews and case studies focused on the fate and transport of contaminants in the environment and on the sustainability of groundwater and surface-water resources around the world. It is intended for students and professionals working in hydrology and water resources management.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (333 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110460
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/current-perspectives-in-contaminant-hydrology-and-water-resources-sustainability
    Language: English
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    Soil Processes and Current Trends in Quality Assessment (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: soil quality ; soil processes
    Description / Table of Contents: Natural processes and human activities alter the properties and quality of soils over time. Nowadays, the growing interest in soil protection prompts abundant research to estimate soil quality in wide-ranging environmental scenarios. The assessment of soil quality entails the evaluation of the capability of a soil to perform its functions in present scenarios but also how those functions can be preserved for future land use. Currently, soil processes, physical, chemical, and biological properties are recognized as indicators to estimate soil quality. Soil processes and current trends in quality assessment provides a wide depiction of current research conducted in soil quality assessment, encompassing general studies on soil processes, evaluation of significant indicators of soil quality such as soil organic matter dynamic and soil-plant interaction, while presenting diverse strategies for soil fitness amelioration.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (433 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110293
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/soil-processes-and-current-trends-in-quality-assessment
    Language: English
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    Advances in Agrophysical Research (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: agriculture
    Description / Table of Contents: The idea of this book was born due to the rapid increase of the interest in excellence of agricultural production in the aspect of both – the quality of raw material for food production as well as in the aspect of environment protection. Agrophysics is a field of science that focuses on the quality of agriculture as a whole i.e. the interaction between human and environment, especially the interaction between soil, plant, atmosphere and machine. Physics with its laws, principles and rules is a good tool for description of the interactions, as well as of the results of these interactions. Some aspects of chemistry, biology and other fields of science are also taken under consideration. This interdisciplinary approach can result in holistic description of processes which should lead to improvement of the efficiency of obtaining the raw materials to ensure a sufficient amount of food, safe for human health. This book could be regarded as the contribution to this description. The reader can find some basic as well, as more particular aspects of the contemporary agriculture, starting with the soil characteristics and treatment, plant growth and agricultural products’ properties and processing.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (398 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111849
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/advances-in-agrophysical-research
    Language: English
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    Climate Change : Realities, Impacts Over Ice Cap, Sea Level and Risks (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: The Earth is the only planet in our solar system that supports life. The complex process of evolution occurred on Earth only because of some unique environmental conditions that were present: water, an oxygen-rich atmosphere, and a suitable surface temperature. Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). Thus, it requires field of attention towards reduction in the rise in atmospheric temperature, by controlling emitted greenhouse gases into the atmosphere in order to preserve natural resources and by introducing new technologies on alternative fuels. This book presents the fundamental effect on the origin of climate change, impacts over ice cap, melting of Arctic ice, rise in sea level and related technologies that can be implemented to cultivate our land for agriculture, growing forestation to reduce the impact of temperature rise and disaster on human being as well as on other livelihood. This also need to strive for novel policies that world leader should adopt.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (508 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535109341
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/climate-change-realities-impacts-over-ice-cap-sea-level-and-risks
    Language: English
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    Geodetic Sciences : Observations, Modeling and Applications (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; geodesy
    Description / Table of Contents: Space geodetic techniques, e.g., global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), satellite gravimetry and altimetry, and GNSS Reflectometry & Radio Occultation, are capable of measuring small changes of the Earth's shape, rotation, and gravity field, as well as mass changes in the Earth system with an unprecedented accuracy. This book is devoted to presenting recent results and development in space geodetic techniques and sciences, including GNSS, VLBI, gravimetry, geoid, geodetic atmosphere, geodetic geophysics and geodetic mass transport associated with the ocean, hydrology, cryosphere and solid-Earth. This book provides a good reference for geodetic techniques, engineers, scientists as well as user community.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111443
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/geodetic-sciences-observations-modeling-and-applications
    Language: English
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    Climate Variability : Regional and Thematic Patterns (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: climate change ; atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: As societies transition to evidence-based adaptation and management there is increasing recognition of the need for understanding climate change and variability dynamics and impacts at regional levels and for various activities. This book is a contribution toward that goal. Readers interested in climate change management will find detailed discussions of climatic variability dynamics in selected regions as well as new innovative ways of monitoring climate change, assessing climate risks, and predicting impacts. Those interested in refreshing the fundamentals of climate change and climate variability will find a very accessible review of the status of knowledge on the subject, including a balanced interrogation of available evidence. In an attempt to keep the book accessible, every effort was made to minimize technical jargon without compromising scientific accuracy. The result should be useful to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (203 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111870
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/climate-variability-regional-and-thematic-patterns
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    Global Navigation Satellite Systems : From Stellar to Satellite Navigation (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: GNSS ; Global Navigation Satellite System
    Description / Table of Contents: Today, satellite navigation offers convenient alternative to terrestrial and stellar navigation methods that is not only ubiquitous and easy to operate but also available day and night. The radio navigation technology, first appeared in the 1930s and matured in the 1940s, did not take off until the late 1960s and 1970s with the launch of the first navigation satellites by the US Naval and Air Forces, resulting from the NAVSTAR GPS program. The end user navigation equipment, bulky and expensive at the beginning, did not emerge until the microprocessor became viable during the late 1970s. Now-a-day three other global navigation satellite systems are fully or partially operational: the Russian GLONASS, the European Union Galileo, and the Chinese BeiDou. Where does the future lie? Probably in a network of global satellite navigation systems, with increase in satellite coverage and improved accuracy, integrity, and reliability, as these systems further mature. End user equipment will continue to be smaller, more accurate and cheaper. Yet in many respects, satellite navigation systems owe most to the old-time stellar navigation, by keeping man look up to the sky for help.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (159 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111627
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/global-navigation-satellite-systems-from-stellar-to-satellite-navigation
    Language: English
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    Modeling and Measurement Methods for Acoustic Waves and for Acoustic Microdevices (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: acoustic waves
    Description / Table of Contents: Acoustics is a mature field which enjoys a never ending youth. New developments are induced by either the search for a better understanding, or by technological innovations. Micro-fabrication techniques introduced a whole new class of microdevices, which exploit acoustic waves for various tasks, and in particular for information processing and for sensing purposes. Performance improvements are achievable by better modelling tools, able to deal with more complex configurations, and by more refined techniques of fabrication and of integration in technological systems, like wireless communications. Several chapters of this book deal with modelling and fabrication techniques for microdevices, including unconventional phenomena and configurations. But this is far from exhausting the research lines in acoustics. Theoretical analyses and modelling techniques are presented, for phenomena ranging from the detection of cracks to the acoustics of the oceans. Measurement methods are also discussed, which probe by acoustic waves the properties of widely different systems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (598 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111894
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/modeling-and-measurement-methods-for-acoustic-waves-and-for-acoustic-microdevices
    Language: English
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    Hydraulic Conductivity (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: soil science ; hydrology
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is a research publication that covers original research on developments within the Hydraulic Conductivity field of study. The book is a collection of reviewed scholarly contributions written by different authors. Each scholarly contribution represents a chapter and each chapter is complete in itself but related to the major topics and objectives.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (209 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535112082
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/hydraulic-conductivity
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    Management Strategies to Adapt Alpine Space Forests to Climate Change Risks (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: climate change
    Description / Table of Contents: Climate scenarios suggest that current forest stands will face radically different temperature and precipitation conditions in the future. Developing future strategies for forest management in the face of uncertain and highly variable forecasts of future site conditions is a great challenge. Here we have analyzed transnational case studies dealing with different manifestations of climate change effects. We intend to stimulate the discussion on management strategies to adapt forests in the Alps to climate change risks. The presented results are derived from the INTERREG project “Management Strategies to Adapt Alpine Space Forests to Climate Change Risks” that was implemented within the framework of the European Territorial Cooperation “Alpine Space Programme 2007-2013.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (383 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111948
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/management-strategies-to-adapt-alpine-space-forests-to-climate-change-risks
    Language: English
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    Natural Disasters : Multifaceted Aspects in Management and Impact Assessment (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: natural disasters ; natural hazards ; earth and planetary sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is an overview of the complex and multifaceted topic of natural disasters impact. Several possible approaches can be undertaken to assess economic, psychological, societal or environmental damage caused by natural disasters, aiming to reduce the effects of future events on the whole of these sectors. This book proposes a range of studies realized in different continents, showing various aspects from which natural disasters can be view, thus giving a measure of the complexity and multidisciplinary of the topic. It starts with a paper presenting a possible strategy to either avoid or reduce the vulnerability of concrete buildings during floods. Then, it continues with an insight into the communication during post-disaster emergency phase and with two chapters concerning the assessment of two different kinds of impact on people everyday life. The book ends with an analysis of the role of stakeholder participation in post-disaster reconstruction.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (113 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111900
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/natural-disasters-multifaceted-aspects-in-management-and-impact-assessment
    Language: English
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    Topics in Oceanography (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; oceanography and atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Oceanography is the par excellence interdisciplinary science thanks to its peculiar setting within a fluid environment that makes connections extremely efficient. The oceans connections are well mirrored in the chapters of this book that share a quite explicit multidisciplinary and multi-environmental character. The book provides chapters on very different topics under very different settings, some with a focused angle, others with a broader approach, yet all sharing the idea that we need to understand the small pieces in order to put together the big picture for a much larger mechanism, the functioning of the ocean as a whole.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (155 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111795
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/topics-in-oceanography
    Language: English
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    Mechanism of Sedimentary Basin Formation : Multidisciplinary Approach on Active Plate Margins (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: sedimentary basin formation ; earth and planetary sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is devoted to the mechanisms of sedimentary basin formation on active plate margins, which show enormous diversity reflecting complex tectonic processes. Multidisciplinary approach pursuing basin-forming mechanism is based on geology, sedimentology, geochronology and geophysics. Some chapters are dedicated to the genetic analysis of sedimentary basins in wrench deformation zones in forearc and intra-arc regions. Another block of chapters deals with basin formation in peripheral regions of Eurasia and intra-arc / foreland basins under the influence of the fluctuation of stress regimes. Finally geophysical approaches to basin analyses are shown in some chapters from microscopic to regional scales. Diverse contents of the chapters provide the audience with the present accomplishments of basin researches on active margins by Earth scientists.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111931
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/mechanism-of-sedimentary-basin-formation-multidisciplinary-approach-on-active-plate-margins
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    Approaches to Disaster Management - Examining the Implications of Hazards, Emergencies and Disasters (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: natural disasters ; disaster management ; environmental hazards
    Description / Table of Contents: Approaches to Disaster Management regards critical disaster management issues. Ten original research reports by international scholars centered on disaster management are organized into three general areas of hazards and disaster management. The first section includes discussions of perspectives on vulnerability and on evolving approaches to mitigation. The second section highlights approaches to improve data use and information management in several distinct applications intended to promote prediction and communication of hazard. The third section regards the management of crises and post-event recovery in the private sector, in the design of urban space and among the victims of disaster. This volume contributes both conceptual and practical commentary to the disaster management literature.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110934
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/approaches-to-disaster-management-examining-the-implications-of-hazards-emergencies-and-disasters
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    Globalization - Education and Management Agendas (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: globalization ; business ; management ; economics
    Description / Table of Contents: The book Globalization - Education and Management Agendas takes the ambitious undertaking of presenting multidimensional approaches to those global issues. It consists of 13 chapters divided into three sections: Globalization and Education, Globalization and Management, Globalization and the Firm. Its authors embody a global research culture. One that is plural, growing and dynamic, as it is evidenced in their respective agendas and methodological approaches. The value of this book lies in its diversity, and its merit will be appreciated by a global community of scholars.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535107026
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/globalization-education-and-management-agendas
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    Sustainable Development : Education, Business and Management - Architecture and Building Construction - Agriculture and Food Security (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: sustainability ; sustainable development ; environmental sciences ; environmental management
    Description / Table of Contents: Securing the future of the human race will require an improved understanding of the environment as well as of technological solutions, mindsets and behaviors in line with modes of development that the ecosphere of our planet can support. Some experts see the only solution in a global deflation of the currently unsustainable exploitation of resources. However, sustainable development offers an approach that would be practical to fuse with the managerial strategies and assessment tools for policy and decision makers at the regional planning level. Environmentalists, architects, engineers, policy makers and economists will have to work together in order to ensure that planning and development can meet our society's present needs without compromising the security of future generations. Better planning methods for urban and rural expansion could prevent environmental destruction and imminent crises. Energy, transport, water, environment and food production systems should aim for self-sufficiency and not the rapid depletion of natural resources. Planning for sustainable development must overcome many complex technical and social issues.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (354 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535101161
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/sustainable-development-education-business-and-management-architecture-and-building-construction-agriculture-and-food-security
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    Crop Production Technologies (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: crop ; agricultural and biological sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Crop production depends on the successful implementation of the soil, water, and nutrient management technologies. Food production by the year 2020 needs to be increased by 50 percent more than the present levels to satisfy the needs of around 8 billion people. Much of the increase would have to come from intensification of agricultural production. Importance of wise usage of water, nutrient management, and tillage in the agricultural sector for sustaining agricultural growth and slowing down environmental degradation calls for urgent attention of researchers, planners, and policy makers. Crop models enable researchers to promptly speculate on the long-term consequences of changes in agricultural practices. In addition, cropping systems, under different conditions, are making it possible to identify the adaptations required to respond to changes. This book adopts an interdisciplinary approach and contributes to this new vision. Leading authors analyze topics related to crop production technologies. The efforts have been made to keep the language as simple as possible, keeping in mind the readers of different language origins. The emphasis has been on general descriptions and principles of each topic, technical details, original research work, and modeling aspects. However, the comprehensive journal references in each area should enable the reader to pursue further studies of special interest. The subject has been presented through fifteen chapters to clearly specify different topics for convenience of the readers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533077871
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/crop-production-technologies
    Language: English
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    Hydrodynamics : Natural Water Bodies (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: hydrodynamics ; hydrology ; mechanical engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: The phenomena related to the flow of fluids are generally complex, and difficult to quantify. New approaches, considering points of view still not explored, may introduce useful tools in the study of Hydrodynamics and the related transport phenomena. The details of the flows and the properties of the fluids must be considered on a very small scale perspective. Consequently, new concepts and tools are generated to better describe the fluids and their properties. This volume presents conclusions about advanced topics of calculated and observed flows. It contains twenty chapters, organized in five sections: 1) Mathematical Models in Fluid Mechanics 2) Biological Applications and Biohydrodynamics 3) Detailed Experimental Analyses of Fluids and Flows 4) Radiation-, Electro-, Magnetohydrodynamics, and Magnetorheology 5) Special Topics on Simulations and Experimental Data. These chapters present new points of view about methods and tools used in Hydrodynamics.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (286 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533078939
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/hydrodynamics-natural-water-bodies
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    An Introduction to the Study of Mineralogy (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: mineralogy ; physical sciences ; engineering ; technology
    Description / Table of Contents: An Introduction to the Study of Mineralogy is a collection of papers that can be easily understood by a wide variety of readers, whether they wish to use it in their work, or simply to extend their knowledge. It is unique in that it presents a broad view of the mineralogy field. The book is intended for chemists, physicists, engineers, and the students of geology, geophysics, and soil science, but it will also be invaluable to the more advanced students of mineralogy who are looking for a concise revision guide.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (154 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533078960
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/an-introduction-to-the-study-of-mineralogy
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    Management of Organic Waste (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: waste ; environmental engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: This book reports research on the utilization of organic waste through composting and vermicomposting, biogas production, recovery of waste materials, and the chemistry involved in the processing of organic waste under various processing aspects. A few chapters on collection systems and disposal of wastes have also been included.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533079257
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/management-of-organic-waste
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    Remote Sensing of Planet Earth (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: remote sensing ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: Monitoring of water and land objects enters a revolutionary age with the rise of ubiquitous remote sensing and public access. Earth monitoring satellites permit detailed, descriptive, quantitative, holistic, standardized, global evaluation of the state of the Earth skin in a manner that our actual Earthen civilization has never been able to before. The water monitoring topics covered in this book include the remote sensing of open water bodies, wetlands and small lakes, snow depth and underwater seagrass, along with a variety of remote sensing techniques, platforms, and sensors. The Earth monitoring topics include geomorphology, land cover in arid climate, and disaster assessment after a tsunami. Finally, advanced topics of remote sensing covers atmosphere analysis with GNSS signals, earthquake visual monitoring, and fundamental analyses of laser reflectometry in the atmosphere medium.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533079196
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/remote-sensing-of-planet-earth
    Language: English
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    Seismic Waves : Research and Analysis (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earthquake ; tsunami ; seismic waves ; seismology ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: The importance of seismic wave research lies not only in our ability to understand and predict earthquakes and tsunamis, it also reveals information on the Earth's composition and features in much the same way as it led to the discovery of Mohorovicic's discontinuity. As our theoretical understanding of the physics behind seismic waves has grown, physical and numerical modeling have greatly advanced and now augment applied seismology for better prediction and engineering practices. This has led to some novel applications such as using artificially-induced shocks for exploration of the Earth's subsurface and seismic stimulation for increasing the productivity of oil wells. This book demonstrates the latest techniques and advances in seismic wave analysis from theoretical approach, data acquisition and interpretation, to analyses and numerical simulations, as well as research applications. A review process was conducted in cooperation with sincere support by Drs. Hiroshi Takenaka, Yoshio Murai, Jun Matsushima, and Genti Toyokuni.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (326 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533079448
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/seismic-waves-research-and-analysis
    Language: English
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    Soil Health and Land Use Management (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: soil science
    Description / Table of Contents: Soils play multiple roles in the quality of life throughout the world, not only as the resource for food production, but also as the support for our structures, the environment, the medium for waste disposal, water, and the storage of nutrients. A healthy soil can sustain biological productivity, maintain environmental quality, and promote plant and animal health. Understanding the impact of land management practices on soil properties and processes can provide useful indicators of economic and environmental sustainability. The sixteen chapters of this book orchestrate a multidisciplinary composition of current trends in soil health. Soil Health and Land Use Management provides a broad vision of the fundamental importance of soil health. In addition, the development of feasible management and remediation strategies to preserve and ameliorate the fitness of soils are discussed in this book. Strategies to improve land management and relevant case studies are covered, as well as the importance of characterizing soil properties to develop management and remediation strategies. Moreover, the current management of several environmental scenarios of high concern is presented, while the final chapters propose new methodologies for soil pollution assessment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533076140
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/soil-health-and-land-use-management
    Language: English
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    Global Navigation Satellite Systems : Signal, Theory and Applications (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: GNSS ; Global Navigation Satellite System
    Description / Table of Contents: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) plays a key role in high precision navigation, positioning, timing, and scientific questions related to precise positioning. This is a highly precise, continuous, all-weather, and real-time technique. The book is devoted to presenting recent results and developments in GNSS theory, system, signal, receiver, method, and errors sources, such as multipath effects and atmospheric delays. Furthermore, varied GNSS applications are demonstrated and evaluated in hybrid positioning, multi-sensor integration, height system, Network Real Time Kinematic (NRTK), wheeled robots, and status and engineering surveying. This book provides a good reference for GNSS designers, engineers, and scientists, as well as the user market.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (426 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533078434
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/global-navigation-satellite-systems-signal-theory-and-applications
    Language: English
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    Hydrogeology : A Global Perspective (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: hydrogeology ; hydrology ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: The field of groundwater hydrology and the discipline of hydrogeology have attracted a lot of attention during the past few decades. This is mainly because of the increasing need for high quality water, especially groundwater. This book, written by 15 scientists from 6 countries, clearly demonstrates the extensive range of issues that are dealt with in the field of hydrogeology. Karst hydrogeology and deposition processes, hydrogeochemistry, soil hydraulic properties as a factor affecting groundwater recharge processes, relevant conceptual models, and geophysical exploration for groundwater are all discussed in this book, giving the reader a global perspective on what hydrogeologists and co-scientists are currently working on to better manage groundwater resources. Graduate students, as well as practitioners, will find this book a useful resource and valuable guide.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (222 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535100485
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/hydrogeology-a-global-perspective
    Language: English
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    Natural Disasters (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: natural disasters ; natural hazards ; earth and planetary sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: The crossroads between a more and more populated human communities and their changing environment pose different challenges than ever before. Therefore, any attempt to identify and deliver possible solutions is more than welcome. The book Natural Disasters addresses the needs of various users, interested in a better understanding of hazards and their more efficient management. It is a scientific enterprise tackling a variety of natural hazards potentially deriving into disasters, i.e. tropical storms, avalanches, coastal floods. The case studies presented cover different geographical areas, and they comprise mechanisms for being transferred to other spots and circumstances. Hopefully, the book will be beneficial to those who invest their efforts in building communities resilient to natural disasters.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535101888
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/natural-disasters
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    Approaches to Managing Disaster : Assessing Hazards, Emergencies and Disaster Impacts (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: natural disasters ; natural hazards ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: Approaches to Managing Disaster - Assessing Hazards, Emergencies and Disaster Impacts demonstrates the array of information that is critical for improving disaster management. The book reflects major management components of the disaster continuum (the nature of risk, hazard, vulnerability, planning, response and adaptation) in the context of threats that derive from both nature and technology. The chapters include a selection of original research reports by an array of international scholars focused either on specific locations or on specific events. The chapters are ordered according to the phases of emergencies and disasters. The text reflects the disciplinary diversity found within disaster management and the challenges presented by the co-mingling of science and social science in their collective efforts to promote improvements in the techniques, approaches, and decision-making by emergency-response practitioners and the public. This text demonstrates the growing complexity of disasters and their management, as well as the tests societies face every day.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (162 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535102946
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/approaches-to-managing-disaster-assessing-hazards-emergencies-and-disaster-impacts
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    Phenology and Climate Change (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: phenology ; climate change ; agricultural and biological sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Phenology, a study of animal and plant life cycle, is one of the most obvious and direct phenomena on our planet. The timing of phenological events provides vital information for climate change investigation, natural resource management, carbon sequence analysis, and crop and forest growth monitoring. This book summarizes recent progresses in the understanding of seasonal variation in animals and plants and its correlations to climate variables. With the contributions of phenological scientists worldwide, this book is subdivided into sixteen chapters and sorted in four parts: animal life cycle, plant seasonality, phenology in fruit plants, and remote sensing phenology. The chapters of this book offer a broad overview of phenology observations and climate impacts. Hopefully this book will stimulate further developments in relation to phenology monitoring, modeling and predicting.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535103363
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/phenology-and-climate-change
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    Global Advances in Biogeography (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: biogeography ; agricultural and biological sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Global Advances in Biogeography brings together the work of more than 30 scientific authorities on biogeography from around the world. The book focuses on spatial and temporal variation of biological assemblages in relation to landscape complexity and environmental change. Global Advances embraces four themes: biogeographic theory and tests of concepts, the regional biogeography of individual taxa, the biogeography of complex landscapes, and the deep-time evolutionary biogeography of macrotaxa. In addition, the book provides a trove of new information about unusual landscapes, the natural history of a wide array of poorly known plant and animal species, and global conservation issues. This book is well illustrated with numerous maps, graphics, and photographs, and contains much new basic biogeographical information that is not available elsewhere. It will serve as an invaluable reference for professionals and members of the public interested in global biogeography, evolution, taxonomy, and conservation.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (360 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535104544
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/global-advances-in-biogeography
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    Earthquake Engineering (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earthquake ; seismology ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: Recent major earthquakes around the world have shown the vulnerability of infrastructure and the need for research to better understand the nature of seismic events and their effects on structures. As a result, earthquake engineering research has been expanding as more and more data become available from a large array of seismic instruments, large scale experiments and numerical simulations. The first part of this book presents results from some of the current seismic research work including three-dimensional wave propagation in different soil media, seismic loss assessment, probabilistic hazard analysis, geotechnical problems including soil-structure interaction. The second part of the book focuses on the seismic behavior of structures including historical and monumental structures, bridge embankments, and different types of bridges and bearings.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535106944
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/earthquake-engineering
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    Special Applications of Photogrammetry (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: photogrammetry ; surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Photogrammetry is widely accepted as one of the best surveying methods to acquire tridimensional data without direct contact with the object, but its high operational costs in equipment and personnel somewhat limit its application in mapping. However, with the development of digital photogrammetry in the 1990's, it was possible to introduce automated processes and reduce the personnel costs. In the following years, the cost of computer hardware, digital cameras and positioning sensors has been lowering, making photogrammetry more accessible to other engineering fields, such as architecture, archeology and health fields. This book shows the results of the work of researchers from different professional backgrounds, which evaluate the uses of photogrammetry, including issues of the data, processing, as well as the solutions developed for some surveying types that can be extended to many applications.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535105480
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/special-applications-of-photogrammetry
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    Air Quality : New Perspective (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: air quality ; air pollution ; environmental sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: This book contains 15 chapters reporting air pollution of interest to experts in academia and industrial plants dealing with the environmental issues. These chapters emphasize the problems of air pollution involving the human sector as an essential part in the control of air pollutants. The book contains an analysis of various geographic regions and evaluation of different activities related to these areas. Descriptive analyzes present the generation of air pollution and its effect on society and materials evaluations. The major sources of emission of pollutants and the damage that they originate in the towns and industrial plants are reported. This volume provides methods and tools for assessment according to each location. Other important aspects are the activities of governmental authorities, the academic and sectors for solving the environment problem.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (326 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535106746
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/air-quality-new-perspective
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    International Perspectives on Global Environmental Change (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: environmental change ; global change ; environmental sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Environmental change is increasingly considered a critical topic for researchers across multiple disciplines, as well as policy makers throughout the world. Mounting evidence shows that environments in every part of the globe are undergoing tremendous human-induced change. Population growth, urbanization and the expansion of the global economy are putting increasing pressure on ecosystems around the planet. To understand the causes and consequences of environmental change, the contributors to this book employ spatial and non-spatial data, diverse theoretical perspectives and cutting edge research tools such as GIS, remote sensing and other relevant technologies. International Perspectives on Global Environmental Change brings together research from around the world to explore the complexities of contemporary, and historical environmental change. As an InTech open source publication current and cutting edge research methodologies and research results are quickly published for the academic policy-making communities. Dimensions of environmental change explored in this volume include: Climate change Historical environmental change Biological responses to environmental change Land use and land cover change Policy and management for environmental change.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (488 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533078151
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/international-perspectives-on-global-environmental-change
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    Cartography : A Tool for Spatial Analysis (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: cartography ; spatial analysis ; GIS
    Description / Table of Contents: The terrestrial space is the place of interaction of natural and social systems. The cartography is an essential tool to understand the complexity of these systems, their interaction and evolution. This brings the cartography to an important place in the modern world. The book presents several contributions at different areas and activities showing the importance of the cartography to the perception and organization of the territory. Learning with the past or understanding the present the use of cartography is presented as a way of looking to almost all themes of the knowledge.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535106890
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/cartography-a-tool-for-spatial-analysis
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    Sustainable Development : Authoritative and Leading Edge Content for Environmental Management (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: sustainability ; sustainable development ; environmental sciences ; environmental management
    Description / Table of Contents: The World Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainability implies efforts directed towards preserving the environment, doing more with less (cost savings, profit increasing), reducing dependence on foreign resources including oil, using alternate forms of energy, etc. Researchers are currently working to meet the challenge (e.g., through creating a conducive environment and allocating resources for sustainability-focused curriculum renovations, equipping faculty with the necessary expertise, embedding graduates with requisite skill-sets, and a research base that feeds into classroom teaching, etc.) posed by the rapidly evolving landscape of sustainability. In order to address the sustainability deficit in education and research, InTech has invited submissions of manuscripts for publication in its focused issue on sustainability. All chapters are high-quality, high-impact manuscripts addressing integration of sustainability efforts with clear lessons and insights for the stake holders (faculty, students, administrators, communities, and industries).
    Pages: Online-Ressource (588 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535106821
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/sustainable-development-authoritative-and-leading-edge-content-for-environmental-management
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    MATLAB: A Fundamental Tool for Scientific Computing and Engineering Applications - Volume 3 (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: MATLAB ; communications
    Description / Table of Contents: This excellent book represents the final part of three-volumes regarding MATLAB-based applications in almost every branch of science. The book consists of 19 excellent, insightful articles and the readers will find the results very useful to their work. In particular, the book consists of three parts, the first one is devoted to mathematical methods in the applied sciences by using MATLAB, the second is devoted to MATLAB applications of general interest and the third one discusses MATLAB for educational purposes. This collection of high quality articles, refers to a large range of professional fields and can be used for science as well as for various educational purposes.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (484 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535107521
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/matlab-a-fundamental-tool-for-scientific-computing-and-engineering-applications-volume-3
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    Remote Sensing : Advanced Techniques and Platforms (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: remote sensing ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: This dual conception of remote sensing brought us to the idea of preparing two different books; in addition to the first book which displays recent advances in remote sensing applications, this book is devoted to new techniques for data processing, sensors and platforms. We do not intend this book to cover all aspects of remote sensing techniques and platforms, since it would be an impossible task for a single volume. Instead, we have collected a number of high-quality, original and representative contributions in those areas.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (462 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535106524
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/remote-sensing-advanced-techniques-and-platforms
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    Earthquake Research and Analysis : Seismology, Seismotectonic and Earthquake Geology (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earthquake ; seismology ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is devoted to different aspects of earthquake research. Depending on their magnitude and the placement of the hypocenter, earthquakes have the potential to be very destructive. Given that they can cause significant losses and deaths, it is really important to understand the process and the physics of this phenomenon. This book does not focus on a unique problem in earthquake processes, but spans studies on historical earthquakes and seismology in different tectonic environments, to more applied studies on earthquake geology.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (370 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533079912
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/earthquake-research-and-analysis-seismology-seismotectonic-and-earthquake-geology
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    Atmospheric Model Applications (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: oceanography ; atmospheric sciences ; atmosphere
    Description / Table of Contents: This book covers comprehensive text and reference work on atmospheric models for methods of numerical modeling and important related areas of data assimilation and predictability. It incorporates various aspects of environmental computer modeling including an historical overview of the subject, approximations to land surface and atmospheric physics and dynamics, radiative transfer and applications in satellite remote sensing, and data assimilation. With individual chapters authored by eminent professionals in their respective topics, Advanced Topics in application of atmospheric models try to provide in-depth guidance on some of the key applied in atmospheric models for scientists and modelers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535104889
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/atmospheric-model-applications
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    Advances in Knowledge Representation (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: computer science ; information science ; knowledge representation
    Description / Table of Contents: Advances in Knowledge Representation offers a compilation of state of the art research works on topics such as concept theory, positive relational algebra and k-relations, structured, visual and ontological models of knowledge representation, as well as detailed descriptions of applications to various domains, such as semantic representation and extraction, intelligent information retrieval, program proof checking, complex planning, and data preparation for knowledge modelling, and a extensive bibliography. It is a valuable contribution to the advancement of the field. The expected readers are advanced students and researchers on the knowledge representation field and related areas; it may also help to computer oriented practitioners of diverse fields looking for ideas on how to develop a knowledge-based application.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535105978
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/advances-in-knowledge-representation
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    Advances in Wavelet Theory and Their Applications in Engineering, Physics and Technology (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: wavelets ; wavelet transform ; wavelet analysis ; wavelet theory
    Description / Table of Contents: The use of the wavelet transform to analyze the behaviour of the complex systems from various fields started to be widely recognized and applied successfully during the last few decades. In this book some advances in wavelet theory and their applications in engineering, physics and technology are presented. The applications were carefully selected and grouped in five main sections - Signal Processing, Electrical Systems, Fault Diagnosis and Monitoring, Image Processing and Applications in Engineering. One of the key features of this book is that the wavelet concepts have been described from a point of view that is familiar to researchers from various branches of science and engineering. The content of the book is accessible to a large number of readers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (634 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535104940
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/advances-in-wavelet-theory-and-their-applications-in-engineering-physics-and-technology
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    Semantics in Action : Applications and Scenarios (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: computer science ; information science ; semantics
    Description / Table of Contents: The current book is a combination of number of great ideas, applications, case studies, and practical systems in the domain of Semantics. The book has been divided into two volumes. The current one is the second volume which highlights the state-of-the-art application areas in the domain of Semantics. This volume has been divided into four sections and ten chapters. The sections include: 1) Software Engineering, 2) Applications: Semantic Cache, E-Health, Sport Video Browsing, and Power Grids, 3) Visualization, and 4) Natural Language Disambiguation. Authors across the World have contributed to debate on state-of-the-art systems, theories, models, applications areas, case studies in the domain of Semantics. Furthermore, authors have proposed new approaches to solve real life problems ranging from e-Health to power grids, video browsing to program semantics, semantic cache systems to natural language disambiguation, and public debate to software engineering.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (266 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535105367
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/semantics-in-action-applications-and-scenarios
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    Advances in Hurricane Research : Modelling, Meteorology, Preparedness and Impacts (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: oceanography ; atmospheric sciences ; hurricane research ; tropical cyclone
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides a wealth of new information, ideas and analysis on some of the key unknowns in hurricane research. Topics covered include the numerical prediction systems for tropical cyclone development, the use of remote sensing methods for tropical cyclone development, a parametric surface wind model for tropical cyclones, a micrometeorological analysis of the wind as a hurricane passes over Houston, USA, the meteorological passage of numerous tropical cyclones as they pass over the South China Sea, simulation modelling of evacuations by motorised vehicles in Alabama, the influence of high stream-flow events on nutrient flows in the post hurricane period, a reviews of the medical needs, both physical and psychological of children in a post hurricane scenario and finally the impact of two hurricanes on Ireland. Hurricanes discussed in the various chapters include Katrina, Ike, Isidore, Humberto, Debbie and Charley and many others in the North Atlantic as well as numerous tropical cyclones in the South China Sea.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535108672
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/advances-in-hurricane-research-modelling-meteorology-preparedness-and-impacts
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    Energy Conservation (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: energy ; technology
    Description / Table of Contents: This book covers the areas of fundamentals in energy conservation and its applications in selected industries. There are nine chapters in this book which have been written by leading experts in energy from all over the world. The topics range from energy fundamentals from cosmic radiation, tidal waves and dams. The chapters examine the potential of utilizing energy from sustainable resources and how energy consumption may be conserved from various new technologies. The contents of this book include space energy, barotropic and baroclinic tidal energy, understanding energy conservation in biological context, Earth shelters, hydro power, biofuel from groundnut oil and low energy consumption in industrial production. This book is suitable as a reference for students, educators, researchers, scientists, engineers and energy practitioners. It will also be a useful for the understanding of energy fundamentals, design and applications.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (238 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535108290
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/energy-conservation
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    Irrigation : Water Management, Pollution and Alternative Strategies (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: hydrology ; pollution ; climate change ; oceanography ; atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Irrigated agriculture is the most significant user of fresh water in the world and, due to the large area occupied, is one of the major pollution sources for the water resources. This book comprises 12 chapters that cover different issues and problematics of irrigated agriculture: from water use in different irrigated systems to pollution generated by irrigated agriculture. Moreover, the book also includes chapters that deal with new possibilities of improving irrigation techniques through the reuse of drainage water and wastewater, helping to reduce freshwater extractions. A wide range of issues is herein presented, related to the evaluation of irrigated agriculture impacts and management practices to reduce these impacts on the environment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (246 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535104216
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/irrigation-water-management-pollution-and-alternative-strategies
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    Modeling and Optimization of Renewable Energy Systems (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: renewable energy
    Description / Table of Contents: This book includes solar energy, wind energy, hybrid systems, biofuels, energy management and efficiency, optimization of renewable energy systems and much more. Subsequently, the book presents the physical and technical principles of promising ways of utilizing renewable energies. The authors provide the important data and parameter sets for the major possibilities of renewable energies utilization which allow an economic and environmental assessment. Such an assessment enables us to judge the chances and limits of the multiple options utilizing renewable energy sources. It will provide useful insights in the modeling and optimization of different renewable systems. The primary target audience for the book includes students, researchers, and people working on renewable energy systems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535106005
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/modeling-and-optimization-of-renewable-energy-systems
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    Introduction to Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Processes and Bioremediation of Oil-Contaminated Sites (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: petroleum ; oil ; oil spills ; enhanced oil recovery ; EOR
    Description / Table of Contents: This book offers practical concepts of EOR processes and summarizes the fundamentals of bioremediation of oil-contaminated sites. The first section presents a simplified description of EOR processes to boost the recovery of oil or to displace and produce the significant amounts of oil left behind in the reservoir during or after the course of any primary and secondary recovery process; it highlights the emerging EOR technological trends and the areas that need research and development; while the second section focuses on the use of biotechnology to remediate the inevitable environmental footprint of crude oil production; such is the case of accidental oil spills in marine, river, and land environments. The readers will gain useful and practical insights in these fields.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (330 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535106296
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/introduction-to-enhanced-oil-recovery-eor-processes-and-bioremediation-of-oil-contaminated-sites
    Language: English
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    Recent Advances in Crystallography (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: crystallography
    Description / Table of Contents: The advent of X-ray diffraction in the early twentieth century transformed crystallography from an area of scientific inquiry largely limited to physics, mineralogy, and mathematics, to a highly interdisciplinary field which now includes nearly all life and physical sciences as well as materials science and engineering. This book is a collection of works showcasing some of the most recent developments in the field of crystallography.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535107545
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/recent-advances-in-crystallography
    Language: English
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    Advances on Analysis and Control of Vibrations : Theory and Applications (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: vibrations ; vibration control
    Description / Table of Contents: Vibration is a phenomenon that we can perceive in many systems. Their effects are as diverse as the personal discomfort that can produce the unevenness of a road or the collapse of a building or a bridge during an earthquake. This book is a compendium of research works on vibration analysis and control. It goes through new methodologies that help us understand and mitigate this phenomenon. This book is divided into two sections. The first one is devoted to new advances on vibration analysis while the second part is a series of case studies that illustrate novel techniques on vibration control. The applications are varied and include areas such as vehicle suspension systems, wind turbines and civil engineering structures.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535106999
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/advances-on-analysis-and-control-of-vibrations-theory-and-applications
    Language: English
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    Clay Minerals in Nature : Their Characterization, Modification and Application (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: clay ; mineralogy
    Description / Table of Contents: Clay is an abundant raw material which has a variety of uses and properties depending on their structure and composition. Clay minerals are inexpensive and environmentally friendly naturally occurring nanomaterials, thanks to their 1 nm thick silicate layers, in all types of sediments and sedimentary rocks. The book chapters have been classified according to their characteristics in topics and applications. Therefore, in the first section five chapters is dedicated to the characterization and utilization of clay minerals in deposits. The second section includes four chapters about the significance of clay minerals in soils. Third section is devoted to different aspects of clay minerals research, especially to the characterization of structure and modifications for their application.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (326 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535107385
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/clay-minerals-in-nature-their-characterization-modification-and-application
    Language: English
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    Studies on Water Management Issues (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: hydrology ; environmental engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: This book shares knowledge gained through water management related research. It describes a broad range of approaches and technologies, of which have been developed and used by researchers for managing water resource problems. This multidisciplinary book covers water management issues under surface water management, groundwater management, water quality management, and water resource planning management subtopics. The main objective of this book is to enable a better understanding of these perspectives relating to water management practices. This book is expected to be useful to researchers, policy-makers, and non-governmental organizations working on water related projects in countries worldwide.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (274 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533079615
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/studies-on-water-management-issues
    Language: English
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    X-Ray Spectroscopy (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: x-ray ; spectroscopy ; physical sciences ; engineering ; technology
    Description / Table of Contents: The x-ray is the only invention that became a regular diagnostic tool in hospitals within a week of its first observation by Roentgen in 1895. Even today, x-rays are a great characterization tool at the hands of scientists working in almost every field, such as medicine, physics, material science, space science, chemistry, archeology, and metallurgy. With vast existing applications of x-rays, it is even more surprising that every day people are finding new applications of x-rays or refining the existing techniques. This book consists of selected chapters on the recent applications of x-ray spectroscopy that are of great interest to the scientists and engineers working in the fields of material science, physics, chemistry, astrophysics, astrochemistry, instrumentation, and techniques of x-ray based characterization. The chapters have been grouped into two major sections based upon the techniques and applications. The book covers some basic principles of satellite x-rays as characterization tools for chemical properties and the physics of detectors and x-ray spectrometer. The techniques like EDXRF, WDXRF, EPMA, satellites, micro-beam analysis, particle induced XRF, and matrix effects are discussed. The characterization of thin films and ceramic materials using x-rays is also covered.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533079677
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/x-ray-spectroscopy
    Language: English
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    Earthquake Research and Analysis : New Frontiers in Seismology (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earthquake ; seismology ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: The study of earthquakes combines science, technology and expertise in infrastructure and engineering in an effort to minimize human and material losses when their occurrence is inevitable. This book is devoted to various aspects of earthquake research and analysis, from theoretical advances to practical applications. Different sections are dedicated to ground motion studies and seismic site characterization, with regard to mitigation of the risk from earthquake and ensuring the safety of the buildings under earthquake loading. The ultimate goal of the book is to encourage discussions and future research to improve hazard assessments, dissemination of earthquake engineering data and, ultimately, the seismic provisions of building codes.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (380 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533078403
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/earthquake-research-and-analysis-new-frontiers-in-seismology
    Language: English
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    Climate Variability : Some Aspects, Challenges and Prospects (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: climate change ; oceanography ; atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides a general introduction to the popular topic of climate variability. It explores various aspects of climate variability and change from different perspectives, ranging from the basic nature of low-frequency atmospheric variability to the adaptation to climate variability and change. This easy and accessible book can be used by professionals and non professionals alike.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533076997
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/climate-variability-some-aspects-challenges-and-prospects
    Language: English
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    Updates in Volcanology : A Comprehensive Approach to Volcanological Problems (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: volcanology ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: This book ranges from the geologic-petrologic description of world-wide major volcanic fields unfamiliar to international literature, to the discussion and interpretation of the results in light of geophysical techniques. It focuses on several situations that represent large-scale volcanism on Earth, related both with intra-plate or active margins. Many large volcanic complexes of Easter countries are presented, including Japan, Siberian Russia, and Mongolia. A detailed account of the European volcanic province of the Pannonia basin and Central-Southern Spain is given. Southern hemisphere areas of Antarctica and Polynesia are considered as well. The chapters are very informative for those who wish for a guide to visiting, or are curious about main characteristics of the above volcanic areas, some of which are remote and not easily accessible.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (242 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533074344
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/updates-in-volcanology-a-comprehensive-approach-to-volcanological-problems
    Language: English
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    Thermal Power Plants (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: energy engineering ; thermal energy ; renewable energy ; power plant
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermal power plants are one of the most important process industries for engineering professionals. Over the past few decades, the power sector has been facing a number of critical issues. However, the most fundamental challenge is meeting the growing power demand in sustainable and efficient ways. Practicing power plant engineers not only look after operation and maintenance of the plant, but also look after a range of activities, including research and development, starting from power generation, to environmental assessment of power plants. The book Thermal Power Plants covers features, operational issues, advantages, and limitations of power plants, as well as benefits of renewable power generation. It also introduces thermal performance analysis, fuel combustion issues, performance monitoring and modelling, plants health monitoring, including component fault diagnosis and prognosis, functional analysis, economics of plant operation and maintenance, and environmental aspects. This book addresses several issues related to both coal fired and gas turbine power plants. The book is suitable for both undergraduate and research for higher degree students, and of course, for practicing power plant engineers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (266 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533079523
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/thermal-power-plants
    Language: English
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    Earth Observation (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: remote sensing ; observation ; earth and planetary sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Today, space technology is used as an excellent instrument for Earth observation applications. Data is collected using satellites and other available platforms for remote sensing. Remote sensing data collection detects a wide range of electromagnetic energy which is emitting, transmitting, or reflecting from the Earth's surface. Appropriate detection systems are needed to implement further data processing. Space technology has been found to be a successful application for studying climate change, as current and past data can be dynamically compared. This book presents different aspects of climate change and discusses space technology applications.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533079738
    URL: http://www.intechweb.org/books/show/title/earth-observation
    Language: English
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    Doppler Radar Observations : Weather Radar, Wind Profiler, Ionospheric Radar, and Other Advanced Applications (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: Doppler technique ; earth observation ; radar ; earth and planetary sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Doppler radar systems have been instrumental to improve our understanding and monitoring capabilities of phenomena taking place in the low, middle, and upper atmosphere. Weather radars, wind profilers, and incoherent and coherent scatter radars implementing Doppler techniques are now used routinely both in research and operational applications by scientists and practitioners. This book brings together a collection of eighteen essays by international leading authors devoted to different applications of ground based Doppler radars. Topics covered include, among others, severe weather surveillance, precipitation estimation and nowcasting, wind and turbulence retrievals, ionospheric radar and volcanological applications of Doppler radar. The book is ideally suited for graduate students looking for an introduction to the field or professionals intending to refresh or update their knowledge on Doppler radar applications.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (470 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535104964
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/doppler-radar-observations-weather-radar-wind-profiler-ionospheric-radar-and-other-advanced-applications
    Language: English
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    Oceanography (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: oceanography ; atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: How inappropriate to call this planet Earth when it is quite clearly Ocean (Arthur C. Clarke). Life has been originated in the oceans, human health and activities depend from the oceans and the world life is modulated by marine and oceanic processes. From the micro-scale, like coastal processes, to macro-scale, the oceans, the seas and the marine life, play the main role to maintain the earth equilibrium, both from a physical and a chemical point of view. Since ancient times, the world's oceans discovery has brought to humanity development and wealth of knowledge, the metaphors of Ulysses and Jason, represent the cultural growth gained through the explorations and discoveries. The modern oceanographic research represents one of the last frontier of the knowledge of our planet, it depends on the oceans exploration and so it is strictly connected to the development of new technologies. Furthermore, other scientific and social disciplines can provide many fundamental inputs to complete the description of the entire ocean ecosystem. Such multidisciplinary approach will lead us to understand the better way to preserve our "Blue Planet": the Earth.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535103011
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/oceanography
    Language: English
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    Earth Sciences (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; environmental sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: The studies of Earth's history and of the physical and chemical properties of the substances that make up our planet, are of great significance to our understanding both of its past and its future. The geological and other environmental processes on Earth and the composition of the planet are of vital importance in locating and harnessing its resources. This book is primarily written for research scholars, geologists, civil engineers, mining engineers, and environmentalists. Hopefully the text will be used by students, and it will continue to be of value to them throughout their subsequent professional and research careers. This does not mean to infer that the book was written solely or mainly with the student in mind. Indeed from the point of view of the researcher in Earth and Environmental Science it could be argued that this text contains more detail than he will require in his initial studies or research.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (648 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533078618
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/earth-sciences
    Language: English
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    Geochemistry : Earth's System Processes (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: geochemistry ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: This book brings together the knowledge from a variety of topics within the field of geochemistry. The audience for this book consists of a multitude of scientists such as physicists, geologists, technologists, petroleum engineers, volcanologists, geochemists and government agencies. The topics represented facilitate as establishing a starting point for new ideas and further contributions. An effective management of geological and environmental issues requires the understanding of recent research in minerals, soil, ores, rocks, water, sediments. The use of geostatistical and geochemical methods relies heavily on the extraction of this book. The research presented was carried out by experts and is therefore highly recommended to scientists, under- and post-graduate students who want to gain knowledge about the recent developments in geochemistry and benefit from an enhanced understanding of the dynamics of the earth's system processes.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (500 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535105862
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/geochemistry-earth-s-system-processes
    Language: English
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    Stratigraphic Analysis of Layered Deposits (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: stratigraphy ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: Stratigraphy, a branch of geology, is the science of describing the vertical and lateral relationships of different rock formations formed through time to understand the earth history. These relationships may be based on lithologic properties (named lithostratigraphy), fossil content (labeled biostratigraphy), magnetic properties (called magnetostratigraphy), chemical features (named chemostratigraphy), reflection seismology (named seismic stratigraphy), age relations (called chronostratigraphy). Also, it refers to archaeological deposits called archaeological stratigraphy. Stratigraphy is built on the concept "the present is the key to the past" which was first outlined by James Hutton in the late 1700s and developed by Charles Lyell in the early 1800s. This book focuses particularly on application of geophysical methods in stratigraphic investigations and stratigraphic analysis of layered basin deposits from different geologic settings and present continental areas extending from Mexico region (north America) through Alpine belt including Italy, Greece, Iraq to Russia (northern Asia).
    Pages: Online-Ressource (298 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535105787
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/stratigraphic-analysis-of-layered-deposits
    Language: English
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    New Achievements in Geoscience (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: geology ; geophysics ; earth and planetary sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: New Achievements in Geoscience is a comprehensive, up-to-date resource for academic researchers in geophysics, environmental science, earth science, natural resource managements and their related support fields. This book attempts to highlight issues dealing with geophysical and earth sciences. It describes the research carried out by world-class scientists in the fields of geoscience. The content of the book includes selected chapters covering seismic interpretation, potential field data interpretation and also several chapters on earth science.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535102632
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/new-achievements-in-geoscience
    Language: English
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    Evapotranspiration : Remote Sensing and Modeling (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: hydrology ; remote sensing
    Description / Table of Contents: This edition of Evapotranspiration - Remote Sensing and Modeling contains 23 chapters related to the modeling and simulation of evapotranspiration (ET) and remote sensing-based energy balance determination of ET. These areas are at the forefront of technologies that quantify the highly spatial ET from the Earth's surface. The topics describe mechanics of ET simulation from partially vegetated surfaces and stomatal conductance behavior of natural and agricultural ecosystems. Estimation methods that use weather based methods, soil water balance, the Complementary Relationship, the Hargreaves and other temperature-radiation based methods, and Fuzzy-Probabilistic calculations are described. A critical review describes methods used in hydrological models. Applications describe ET patterns in alpine catchments, under water shortage, for irrigated systems, under climate change, and for grasslands and pastures. Remote sensing based approaches include Landsat and MODIS satellite-based energy balance, and the common process models SEBAL, METRIC and S-SEBS. Recommended guidelines for applying operational satellite-based energy balance models and for overcoming common challenges are made.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (514 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789533078083
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/evapotranspiration-remote-sensing-and-modeling
    Language: English
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    Crude Oil Emulsions : Composition Stability and Characterization (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: petroleum ; oil
    Description / Table of Contents: Petroleum "black gold" is the most important nonrenewable source of energy. It is a complex mixture of different phases and components. Refining it provides a vast number of organic compounds, all of them of which are used to produce petroleum based products for numerous applications, from industry to medicine, from clothing to food industries. We can find petroleum based products all around us. This book deals with some important topics related to petroleum such as its chemical composition and stability. It is well-known that the chemical composition of crude oil differs according to the site of production, and its grade varies from waxy to asphaltenic crude. Both of them are refined to produce different products. The stability of crude oil on aging and transportation is governed by several factors and these factors are included within this book. Some new technologies for petroleum characterization are also introduced. This book is aimed at researchers, chemical engineers and people working within the petroleum industry.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535102205
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/crude-oil-emulsions-composition-stability-and-characterization
    Language: English
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    Global Warming : Impacts and Future Perspective (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
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    Keywords: global warming ; global change
    Description / Table of Contents: Global Warming has become perhaps the most complicated issue being faced by world leaders. Thus, it requires field of attention for many modern societies, power and energy engineers, academicians, researchers and stakeholders. The so-called consensus in the past century anthropogenically induced Global Warming, has recently been disputed by rising number of climate change panelists. Whatever the uncertainties of climate models are, mankind has to strive towards reduction in the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere in order to preserve natural resources and living organisms by introducing new advances on alternative fuels and other related technologies. This book presents the state-of-the-science fundamentals on the origin of Global Warming and other related technologies that can be implemented to reduce human impact as well as to present novel policies that world leader should adopt. In this book, chapters received from various authors are placed in three sub- sections in a sequential and easy manner so as to strive an appropriate balance between breadth and depth of coverage of various topics.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535107552
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/global-warming-impacts-and-future-perspective
    Language: English
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