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  • 1
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: While Russian computer scientists are notorious for their interference in the 2016 US presidential election, they are ubiquitous on Wall Street and coveted by international IT firms and often perceive themselves as the present manifestation of the past glory of Soviet scientific prowess. Drawing on over three hundred in-depth interviews, the contributors to From Russia with Code trace the practices, education, careers, networks, migrations, and lives of Russian IT professionals at home and abroad, showing how they function as key figures in the tense political and ideological environment of technological innovation in post-Soviet Russia. Among other topics, they analyze coders' creation of both transnational communities and local networks of political activists; Moscow's use of IT funding to control peripheral regions; brain drain and the experiences of coders living abroad in the United Kingdom, United States, Israel, and Finland; and the possible meanings of Russian computing systems in a heterogeneous nation and industry. Highlighting the centrality of computer scientists to post-Soviet economic mobilization in Russia, the contributors offer new insights into the difficulties through which a new entrepreneurial culture emerges in a rapidly changing world.Contributors. Irina Antoschyuk, Mario Biagioli, Ksenia Ermoshina, Marina Fedorova, Andrey Indukaev, Alina Kontareva, Diana Kurkovsky, Vincent Lépinay, Alexandra Masalskaya, Daria Savchenko, Liubava Shatokhina, Alexandra Simonova, Ksenia Tatarchenko, Zinaida Vasilyeva, Dimitrii Zhikharevich
    Keywords: History ; Russia & The Former Soviet Union ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; Computers ; Social Aspects ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHQ History of other geographical groupings and regions ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics::UBJ Digital and information technologies: social and ethical aspects
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-24
    Description: A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press's Open Access publishing program. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more. How Hip Hop Became Hit Pop examines the programming practices at commercial radio stations in the 1980s and early 1990s to uncover how the radio industry facilitated hip hop's introduction into the musical mainstream. Constructed primarily by the Top 40 radio format, the musical mainstream featured mostly white artists for mostly white audiences. With the introduction of hip hop to these programs, the radio industry was fundamentally altered, as stations struggled to incorporate the genre's diverse audience. At the same time, as artists negotiated expanding audiences and industry pressure to make songs fit within the confines of radio formats, the sound of hip hop changed. Drawing from archival research, Amy Coddington shows how the racial structuring of the radio industry influenced the way hip hop was sold to the American public, and how the genre's growing popularity transformed ideas about who constitutes the mainstream.
    Keywords: Music ; History ; American Studies ; African American Studies ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music::AVL Music: styles and genres::AVLP Popular music ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: In History from the Bottom Up and the Inside Out James R. Barrett rethinks the boundaries of American social and labor history by investigating the ways in which working-class, radical, and immigrant people's personal lives intersected with their activism and religious, racial, ethnic, and class identities. Concerned with carving out space for individuals in the story of the working class, Barrett examines all aspects of individuals' subjective experiences, from their personalities, relationships, and emotions to their health and intellectual pursuits. Barrett's subjects include American communists, "blue-collar cosmopolitans"-such as well-read and well-traveled porters, sailors, and hoboes-and figures in early twentieth-century anarchist subculture. He also details the process of the Americanization of immigrant workers via popular culture and their development of class and racial identities, asking how immigrants learned to think of themselves as white. Throughout, Barrett enriches our understanding of working people's lives, making it harder to objectify them as nameless cogs operating within social and political movements. In so doing, he works to redefine conceptions of work, migration, and radical politics.
    Keywords: History ; American Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: As modern European empires expanded, written language was critical to articulations of imperial authority and justifications of conquest. For imperial administrators and thinkers, the non-literacy of “native” societies demonstrated their primitiveness and inability to change. Yet as the contributors to Indigenous Textual Cultures make clear through cases from the Pacific Islands, Australasia, North America, and Africa, indigenous communities were highly adaptive and created novel, dynamic literary practices that preserved indigenous knowledge traditions. The contributors illustrate how modern literacy operated alongside orality rather than replacing it. Reconstructing multiple traditions of indigenous literacy and textual production, the contributors focus attention on the often hidden, forgotten, neglected, and marginalized cultural innovators who read, wrote, and used texts in endlessly creative ways. This volume demonstrates how the work of these innovators played pivotal roles in reimagining indigenous epistemologies, challenging colonial domination, and envisioning radical new futures.;Contributors. Noelani Arista, Tony Ballantyne, Alban Bensa, Keith Thor Carlson, Evelyn Ellerman, Isabel Hofmeyr, Emma Hunter, Arini Loader, Adrian Muckle, Lachy Paterson, Laura Rademaker, Michael P. J. Reilly, Bruno Saura, Ivy T. Schweitzer, Angela Wanhalla
    Keywords: History ; World ; Social Science ; Ethnic Studies ; American ; Native American Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples ; thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org. Camera Palaestina is a critical exploration of Jerusalemite chronicler Wasif Jawhariyyeh (1904-1972) and his seven photography albums entitled The Illustrated History of Palestine. Jawhariyyeh's nine hundred images narrate the rich cultural and political milieu of Ottoman and Mandate Palestine. Nassar, Sheehi, and Tamari locate this archive at the juncture between the history of photography in the Arab world and the social history of Palestine. Shedding new light on this foundational period, the authors explore not just major historical events and the development of an urban bourgeois lifestyle but a social field of vision of Palestinian life as exemplified in the Jerusalem community. Tracking the interplay between photographic images, the authors offer evidence of the unbroken field of material, historical, and collective experience from the living past to the living present of Arab Palestine.
    Keywords: History ; Middle East Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Combining insights from imperial studies and transnational book history, this provocative collection opens new vistas on both fields through ten accessible essays, each devoted to a single book. Contributors revisit well-known works associated with the British empire, including Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre, Thomas Macaulay's History of England, Charles Pearson's National Life and Character, and Robert Baden-Powell's Scouting for Boys. They explore anticolonial texts in which authors such as C. L. R. James and Mohandas K. Gandhi chipped away at the foundations of imperial authority, and they introduce books that may be less familiar to students of empire. Taken together, the essays reveal the dynamics of what the editors call an "imperial commons," a lively, empire-wide print culture. They show that neither empire nor book were stable, self-evident constructs. Each helped to legitimize the other.Contributors. Tony Ballantyne, Elleke Boehmer, Catherine Hall, Isabel Hofmeyr, Aaron Kamugisha, Marilyn Lake, Charlotte Macdonald, Derek Peterson, Mrinalini Sinha, Tridip Suhrud, André du Toit
    Keywords: History ; World ; History ; Asia ; India & South Asia ; History ; Europe ; Great Britain ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-05-12
    Description: History from the Bottom Up and the Inside Out James R. Barrett rethinks the boundaries of American social and labor history by investigating the ways in which working-class, radical, and immigrant people's personal lives intersected with their activism and religious, racial, ethnic, and class identities. Concerned with carving out space for individuals in the story of the working class, Barrett examines all aspects of individuals' subjective experiences, from their personalities, relationships, and emotions to their health and intellectual pursuits. Barrett's subjects include American communists, "blue-collar cosmopolitans"—such as well-read and well-traveled porters, sailors, and hoboes—and figures in early twentieth-century anarchist subculture. He also details the process of the Americanization of immigrant workers via popular culture and their development of class and racial identities, asking how immigrants learned to think of themselves as white. Throughout, Barrett enriches our understanding of working people’s lives, making it harder to objectify them as nameless cogs operating within social and political movements. In so doing, he works to redefine conceptions of work, migration, and radical politics.
    Keywords: History ; Social History ; History ; United States ; 20th Century ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press's Open Access publishing program. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more . What becomes of men the U.S. locks up and kicks out? From 2009 to 2020, the U.S. deported more than five million people-over 90 percent of them men. In Banished Men, Abigail Andrews and her students tell 186 of their stories. How, they ask, does expulsion shape men's lives and sense of themselves? The book uncovers a harrowing carceral system that weaves together policing, prison, detention, removal, and border militarization to undermine migrants as men. Guards and gangs beat them down, till they feel like cockroaches, pigs, or dogs. Many lose ties with family. They do not go "home." Instead, they end up in limbo: stripped of their very humanity. Against the odds, they fight for new ways to belong. At once devastating and humane, Banished Men offers a clear-eyed critique of the violence of deportation.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Criminology & Criminal Justice ; Law ; History ; Latin American Studies ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFN Migration, immigration & emigration ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JK Social services & welfare, criminology::JKV Crime & criminology ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LN Laws of Specific jurisdictions::LND Constitutional & administrative law::LNDA Citizenship & nationality law ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJK History of the Americas ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
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  • 9
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: The contributors to Cocaine analyze the contemporary production, transit, and consumption of cocaine throughout the Americas and the illicit economy's entanglement with local communities. Based on in-depth interviews and archival research, these essays examine how government agents, acting both within and outside the law, and criminal actors seek to manage the flow of illicit drugs to both maintain order and earn profits. Whether discussing the moral economy of coca cultivation in Bolivia, criminal organizations and drug traffickers in Mexico, or the routes cocaine takes as it travels into and through Guatemala, the contributors demonstrate how entire ways of life are built around cocaine commodification. They consider how the authority of state actors is coupled with the self-regulating practices of drug producers, traffickers, and dealers, complicating notions of governance and of the relationships between economic and moral economies. The collection also outlines a more progressive drug policy that acknowledges the important role drugs play in the lives of those at the urban and rural margins. Contributors. Enrique Desmond Arias, Lilian Bobea, Philippe Bourgois, Anthony W. Fontes, Robert Gay, Paul Gootenberg, Romain Le Cour Grandmaison, Thomas Grisaffi, Laurie Kain Hart, Annette Idler, George Karandinos, Fernando Montero, Dennis Rodgers, Taniele Rui, Cyrus Veeser, Autumn Zellers-León
    Keywords: Social Science ; Sociology ; History ; Latin America ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJK History of the Americas ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: In the nineteenth century, Latin America was home to the majority of the world's democratic republics. Many historians have dismissed these political experiments as corrupt pantomimes of governments of Western Europe and the United States. Challenging that perspective, James E. Sanders contends that Latin America in this period was a site of genuine political innovation and popular debate reflecting Latin Americans' visions of modernity. Drawing on archival sources in Mexico, Colombia, and Uruguay, Sanders traces the circulation of political discourse and democratic practice among urban elites, rural peasants, European immigrants, slaves, and freed blacks to show how and why ideas of liberty, democracy, and universalism gained widespread purchase across the region, mobilizing political consciousness and solidarity among diverse constituencies. In doing so, Sanders reframes the locus and meaning of political and cultural modernity.
    Keywords: History ; Latin America ; History ; World ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Palimpsests of Themselves is an intervention in current discussions about the fate of philosophy in postclassical Islamic intellectual history. Asad Q. Ahmed uses as a case study the most advanced logic textbook of Muslim South Asia, The Ladder of the Sciences, presenting in English its first full translation and extended commentary. He offers detailed assessments of the technical contributions of the work, explores the social and institutional settings of the vast commentarial response it elicited, and develops a theory of the philosophical commentary that is internal to the tradition. These approaches to the commentarial text complicate presuppositions upon which questions of Islam’s intellectual decline are erected. As such, Ahmed offers a unique and powerful opportunity to understand the transmission of knowledge across the Islamic world.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Islamic Studies ; History ; Middle East ; Religion ; Islam ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSR Social groups: religious groups and communities ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRP Islam
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Decolonizing Native Histories is an interdisciplinary collection that grapples with the racial and ethnic politics of knowledge production and indigenous activism in the Americas. It analyzes the relationship of language to power and empowerment, and advocates for collaborations between community members, scholars, and activists that prioritize the rights of Native peoples to decide how their knowledge is used. The contributors—academics and activists, indigenous and nonindigenous, from disciplines including history, anthropology, linguistics, and political science—explore the challenges of decolonization. These wide-ranging case studies consider how language, the law, and the archive have historically served as instruments of colonialism and how they can be creatively transformed in constructing autonomy. The collection highlights points of commonality and solidarity across geographical, cultural, and linguistic boundaries and also reflects deep distinctions between North and South. Decolonizing Native Histories looks at Native histories and narratives in an internationally comparative context, with the hope that international collaboration and understanding of local histories will foster new possibilities for indigenous mobilization and an increasingly decolonized future.
    Keywords: History ; Latin America ; Social Science ; Ethnic Studies ; American ; Native American Studies ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples ; thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Since the end of the nineteenth century, the Korean people have faced successive waves of foreign domination, authoritarian regimes, forced dispersal, and divided development. Throughout these turbulent times, “queer” Koreans were ignored, minimized, and erased in narratives of their modern nation, East Asia, and the wider world. This interdisciplinary volume challenges such marginalization through critical analyses of non-normative sexuality and gender variance. Considering both personal and collective forces, the contributors extend individualized notions of queer neoliberalism beyond those typically set in Western queer theory. Along the way, they recount a range of illuminating topics, from shamanic rituals during the colonial era and B-grade comedy films under Cold War dictatorship to female masculinity among today’s youth and transgender confrontations with the resident registration system. More broadly, Queer Korea offers readers new ways of understanding the limits and possibilities of human liberation under exclusionary conditions of modernity in Asia and beyond. Contributors. Pei Jean Chen, John (Song Pae) Cho, Chung-kang Kim, Todd A. Henry, Merose Hwang, Ruin, Layoung Shin, Shin-ae Ha, John Whittier Treat
    Keywords: Social Science ; LGBTQ+ Studies ; Gay Studies ; History ; Asia ; Korea ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSJ LGBTQ+ Studies / topics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: The Practice of Texts examines the uses of the Sanskrit medical classics in two educational institutions of India’s classical life science, Ayurveda: the college and the gurukula. In this interdisciplinary study, Anthony Cerulli probes late- and postcolonial reforms in ayurvedic education, the development of the ayurvedic college, and the impacts of the college curriculum on ways that ayurvedic physicians understand and use the Sanskrit classics in their professional work today. His fieldwork in south India illuminates the nature of philology and ritual in the ayurvedic gurukula and showcases how knowledge is exchanged among students, teachers, and patients. The result, Cerulli shows, is that the Sanskrit classics are presented and applied differently in the college and gurukula, producing a variety of relationships with these texts among practitioners. By interrogating the politics surrounding the place of the Sanskrit classics in ayurvedic curricula, this book reveals a spectrum of views about the history and tradition of Ayurveda in modern India.
    Keywords: Religion ; Hinduism ; History ; Asia ; India & South Asia ; Medical ; Alternative & Complementary Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRG Hinduism ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJF Asian history ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MX Complementary medicine ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRD Hinduism ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MX Complementary and alternative medicine and therapies
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Although the Mycenaean civilization of the Greek Bronze Age was identified 150 years ago, its origins remain obscure. Jack L. Davis, codirector of excavations at the Palace of Nestor at Pylos, takes readers on a tour of the beginnings of Mycenaean civilization through a case study of this important site. In collaboration with codirector Sharon R. Stocker, Davis demonstrates that this ancient place was a major node for the exchange of ideas between the already established Minoan civilization, centered on the island of Crete, and the residents of the Greek mainland. Davis and Stocker show how adoption of Minoan culture created an ideology of power focused on a single individual, celebrating his military prowess, investing him with divine authority, and creating a figure instantly recognizable to readers of Homer and students of Greek history. A Greek State in Formation makes the powerful case that a knowledge of the Greek Bronze Age is indispensable to the classics curriculum. “This is a book to be read, not just consulted. Jack Davis is a masterly raconteur whose story simultaneously provides a wide-ranging and accessible guide to what archaeology is all about, a broad account of the Greek Bronze Age, and a detailed evocation of Bronze Age Pylos.” ROBIN OSBORNE, Professor of Ancient History, University of Cambridge “Accessibly written, this book will appeal to scholars of the ancient world and those with an interest in archaeology as a discipline, as well as anyone following the media exposure of the exciting new finds at Pylos.” KIM SHELTON, Associate Professor of Classics, University of California
    Keywords: Ancient World ; Archaeology ; History ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBA Ancient World ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
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  • 16
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: For the first half of the twentieth century, no American industry boasted a more motley and prolific trade press than the movie business—a cutthroat landscape that set the stage for battle by ink. In 1930, Martin Quigley, publisher of Exhibitors Herald, conspired with Hollywood studios to eliminate all competing trade papers, yet this attempt and each one thereafter collapsed. Exploring the communities of exhibitors and creative workers that constituted key subscribers, Ink-Stained Hollywood tells the story of how a heterogeneous trade press triumphed by appealing to the foundational aspects of industry culture—taste, vanity, partisanship, and exclusivity. In captivating detail, Eric Hoyt chronicles the histories of well-known trade papers (Variety, Motion Picture Herald) alongside important yet forgotten publications (Film Spectator, Film Mercury, and Camera!), and challenges the canon of film periodicals, offering new interpretative frameworks for understanding print journalism’s relationship with the motion picture industry and its continued impact on creative industries today.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Media Studies ; History ; United States ; 20th Century ; Performing Arts ; Film ; History & Criticism ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJK History of the Americas ; bic Book Industry Communication::A The arts::AP Film, TV & radio::APF Films, cinema::APFA Film theory & criticism
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org.Creating the Qur’an presents the first systematic historical-critical study of the Qur’an’s origins, drawing on methods and perspectives commonly used to study other scriptural traditions. Demonstrating in detail that the Islamic tradition relates not a single attested account of the holy text’s formation, Stephen J. Shoemaker shows how the Qur’an preserves a surprisingly diverse array of memories regarding the text’s early history and its canonization. To this he adds perspectives from radiocarbon dating of manuscripts, the linguistic history of Arabic, the social and cultural history of late ancient Arabia, and the limitations of human memory and oral transmission, as well as various peculiarities of the Qur’anic text itself. Considering all the relevant data to present the most comprehensive and convincing examination of the origin and evolution of the Qur’an available, Shoemaker concludes that the canonical text of the Qur’an was most likely produced only around the turn of the eighth century.
    Keywords: Religion ; Ancient ; Religion ; Islam ; History ; Religion ; Islam ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRK Other non-Christian religions::HRKP Ancient religions & mythologies ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRH Islam ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRH Islam
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Huizhou studies the construction of local identity through kinship in the prefecture of Huizhou, the most prominent merchant stronghold of Ming China. Employing an array of untapped genealogies and other sources, Qitao Guo explores how developments in the sociocultural, religious, and gender realms from the fifteenth to sixteenth centuries intertwined to shape Huizhou identity as a land of "prominent lineages." This gentrified self-image both sheltered and guided the development of mercantile lineages, which were further bolstered by the gender regime and the local religious order. As Guo demonstrates, the discrepancy between representation and practice helps explain Huizhou's triumphs. The more active the economy became, the more those central to its commercialization embraced conservative sociocultural norms. Home lineages embraced neo-Confucian orthodoxy even as they provided the financial and logistical support to assure the success of Huizhou merchants. The end result was not "capitalism" but a gentrified mercantile lineage culture with Chinese—or Huizhou—characteristics.
    Keywords: History ; Asia ; China ; Social Science ; Ethnic Studies ; Asian Studies ; History ; Asia ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: In 'An Aqueous Territory' Ernesto Bassi traces the configuration of a geographic space he calls the transimperial Greater Caribbean between 1760 and 1860. Focusing on the Caribbean coast of New Granada (present-day Colombia), Bassi shows that the region's residents did not live their lives bounded by geopolitical borders. Rather, the cross-border activities of sailors, traders, revolutionaries, indigenous peoples, and others reflected their perceptions of the Caribbean as a transimperial space where trade, information, and people circulated, both conforming to and in defiance of imperial regulations. Bassi demonstrates that the islands, continental coasts, and open waters of the transimperial Greater Caribbean constituted a space that was simultaneously Spanish, British, French, Dutch, Danish, Anglo-American, African, and indigenous.
    Keywords: History ; Colombia ; Haiti ; Jamaica ; Riohacha ; Santa Marta ; Spain ; United States ; Wayuu people ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
    Language: English
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  • 20
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: In CHINESE SURPLUS Ari Heinrich dissects the figure of the medically or artistically commodified body in Chinese culture and popular science. Providing a history of how bodies have been thought and seen to mirror the nation, Heinrich charts the trajectory from an imperial idea of the body as a machine with interchangeable parts to current representations in which the parts are worth more than the whole and may be harvested at will--what he calls a diasporic form of the body. In seeing the body this way Heinrich makes clear his case for a new method he calls biopolitical aesthetics, one that uses the tools of literary and visual culture analysis to restore agency to aesthetics in the production of meaning in life during contemporary biopolitical times.
    Keywords: History ; Aesthetics ; China ; Hong Kong
    Language: English
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  • 21
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This volume presents the contributions to a symposium held on May 9th, 2009 at the Humanities Center at Harvard University that focused on the question of how peace and interstate stability were established and maintained in archaic and classical Greece. In this context, different perspectives and approaches, ranging from pragmatic political goals and the definition and interpretation of key terms such as eirene to the underlying norms and their relevance for the realpolitik, were discussed. The articles in this volume shed new light on the various political instruments that the Greeks developed and employed to avoid war and to keep and organize peace. They focus on the analysis of commonly accepted terms that provided the basis for a settlement between conflicting parties and the analysis of various political strategies, including one-time arrangements to limit military conflicts, diplomatic efforts, legally binding agreements and more comprehensive concepts of interstate stability.
    Keywords: History ; Ancient ; General ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history
    Language: English
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  • 22
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Ginseng and Borderland explores the territorial boundaries and political relations between Qing China and Chosŏn Korea during the period from the early seventeenth to the late nineteenth centuries. By examining a unique body of materials written in Chinese, Manchu, and Korean, and building on recent studies in New Qing History, Seonmin Kim adds new perspectives to current understandings of the remarkable transformation of the Manchu Qing dynasty (1636–1912) from a tribal state to a universal empire. This book discusses early Manchu history and explores the Qing Empire’s policy of controlling Manchuria and Chosŏn Korea. Kim also contributes to the Korean history of the Chosŏn dynasty (1392–1910) by challenging conventional accounts that embrace a China-centered interpretation of the tributary relationship between the two polities, stressing instead the agency of Chosŏn Korea in the formation of the Qing Empire. This study demonstrates how Koreans interpreted and employed this relationship in order to preserve the boundary—and peace—with the suzerain power. By focusing on the historical significance of the China-Korea boundary, this book defines the nature of the Qing Empire through the dynamics of contacts and conflicts under both the cultural and material frameworks of its tributary relationship with Chosŏn Korea.
    Keywords: History ; General ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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  • 23
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Ancient Rome has always been considered a compendium of City and World. In the Renaissance, an era of epistemic fractures, when the clash between the 'new science' (Copernicus, Galileo, Vesalius, Bacon, etcetera) and the authority of ancient texts produced the very notion of modernity, the extended and expanding geography of ancient Rome becomes, for Shakespeare and the Elizabethans, a privileged arena in which to question the nature of bodies and the place they hold in a changing order of the universe. Drawing on the rich scenario provided by Shakespeare's Rome, and adopting an interdisciplinary perspective, the authors of this volume address the way in which the different bodies of the earthly and heavenly spheres are re-mapped in Shakespeare's time and in early modern European culture. More precisely, they investigate the way bodies are fashioned to suit or deconstruct a culturally articulated system of analogies between earth and heaven, microcosm and macrocosm. As a whole, this collection brings to the fore a wide range of issues connected to the Renaissance re-mapping of the world and the human. It should interest not only Shakespeare scholars but all those working on the interaction between sciences and humanities.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; Renaissance ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: English
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  • 24
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: In Uneven Encounters, Micol Seigel chronicles the exchange of popular culture between Brazil and the United States in the years between the World Wars, and demonstrates how that exchange affected ideas of race and nation in both countries. From Americans interpreting advertisements for Brazilian coffee or dancing the Brazilian maxixe, to Rio musicians embracing the “foreign” qualities of jazz, Seigel traces a lively, cultural back and forth. Along the way, she shows how race and nation for both elites and non-elites are constructed together, and driven by global cultural and intellectual currents as well as local, regional, and national ones. Seigel explores the circulation of images of Brazilian coffee and of maxixe in the United States during the period just after the imperial expansions of the early twentieth century. Exoticist interpretations structured North Americans’ paradoxical sense of themselves as productive “consumer citizens.” Some people, however, could not simply assume the privileges of citizenship. In their struggles against racism, Afro-descended citizens living in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, New York, and Chicago encountered images and notions of each other, and found them useful. Seigel introduces readers to cosmopolitan Afro-Brazilians and African Americans who rarely traveled far from home but who nonetheless absorbed ideas from abroad. She suggests that studies comparing U.S. and Brazilian racial identities as two distinct constructions are misconceived. Racial formation transcends national borders; attempts to understand it must do the same.
    Keywords: History ; United States ; 20th Century ; Social Science ; Ethnic Studies ; American ; African American & Black Studies ; History ; Latin America ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies
    Language: English
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  • 25
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-24
    Description: To produce the song sequences that are central to Indian popular cinema, singers' voices are first recorded in the studio and then played back on the set to be lip-synced and danced to by actors and actresses as the visuals are filmed. Since the 1950s, playback singers have become revered celebrities in their own right. Brought to Life by the Voice explores the distinctive aesthetics and affective power generated by this division of labor between onscreen body and offscreen voice in South Indian Tamil cinema. In Amanda Weidman's historical and ethnographic account, playback is not just a cinematic technique, but a powerful and ubiquitous element of aural public culture that has shaped the complex dynamics of postcolonial gendered subjectivity, politicized ethnolinguistic identity, and neoliberal transformation in South India.
    Keywords: Music ; Ethnomusicology ; History ; Asia ; India & South Asia ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music::AVA Theory of music and musicology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: English
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  • 26
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Since the 2001 overthrow of the Taliban government in Afghanistan, violence against women has emerged as the single most important issue for Afghan gender politics. The Pitfalls of Protection, based on research conducted in Afghanistan between 2009 and 2015, locates the struggles over gender violence in local and global power configurations. Torunn Wimpelmann finds that aid flows and geopolitics have served as both opportunities for and obstacles to feminist politics in Afghanistan. Showing why Afghan activists often chose to use the leverage of Western powers instead of entering into either protracted negotiations with powerful national actors or broad political mobilization, this book examines both the achievements and the limits of this strategy.
    Keywords: History ; General ; History ; Historical Geography ; Social Science ; General ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTP Historical geography ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general
    Language: English
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Öffentlich ausgetragene Debatten gehören zu den Grundmerkmalen moderner Gesellschaften. Eine entwickelte »demokratische Streitkultur« gilt mithin geradezu als Voraussetzung für das Funktionieren einer Demokratie. Die dieser Wahrnehmung oft implizit zu Grunde liegende These vom »Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit« ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten von Seiten der Geschichtswissenschaft verschiedentlich relativiert worden.Was hatten diese unterschiedlichen Formen des öffentlich ausgetragenen Streits gemeinsam? Inwieweit prägten und strukturierten sie die jeweilige(n) historische(n) Öffentlichkeit(en)? Wie wurde das Phänomen des Streits von den Zeitgenossen jeweils wahrgenommen und bewertet? Lassen sich diesbezüglich signifikante Unterschiede zur Zeit der frühen Reformation oder der Frühaufklärung konstatieren? Gab es so etwas wie eine spezifische Streitkultur des konfessionellen Zeitalters?
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Österreich-Ungarn lässt sich nur verstehen, wenn nationale Lebenswelten mit politischen, militärischen, wirtschaftlichen und künstlerischen Beispielen der imperialen Herrschaft verglichen werden. Die Autorinnen und Autoren verbinden theoretische Überlegungen zu Österreich-Ungarn als Imperium bzw. Kolonialmacht mit der Analyse konkreter Beispiele der imperialen Herrschaftspraxis. Ein besonderer Fokus gilt dabei Städten als Laboratorien gebauter, intellektueller und gesellschaftlicher Diskurse über imperiale und koloniale Vorstellungen. Der vorliegende Band präsentiert damit Antworten auf die Frage, wie ein Imperium überhaupt mit den andauernden Herausforderungen von innen und außen umgehen und seine eigene Existenz sichern kann. The book combines theoretical reflections on Austria-Hungary as an empire and colonial power with the analysis of concrete political, military, economic and artistic examples of imperial rule, which come to fore in particular by comparison. A special focus is on cities as laboratories of built, intellectual and social discourses on imperial and colonial ideas. This volume presents answers to the question of how an empire can handle the ongoing challenges from inside and outside and secure its own existence.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; Austria & Hungary ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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  • 29
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Kastratensänger standen bislang vor allem im Mittelpunkt des Forschungsinteresses der Musik- und Theaterwissenschaften. Dabei wurden vor allem ihr Wirken auf den Bühnen des italienischen Musiktheaters des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts oder die Rezeption der hohen Männerstimme auf das barocke Publikum beleuchtet. Die vorliegende geschichtswissenschaftliche Studie konzentriert sich hingegen auf die Personen als soziale Akteure in der Spätphase dieses Phänomens im 18. und frühen 19. Jahrhundert, wobei exemplarisch vier mitteleuropäische Fürstenhöfe (Wien, München, Dresden, Stuttgart) in den Blick genommen werden.In detaillierten Analysen der Lebenswelten des Hofes und der Residenzstadt fächert die Autorin auf, welchen hohen Stellenwert Kastratensänger innerhalb der höfischen Machtrepräsentation bis zum Schluss besaßen, wie sie sich innerhalb höfischer Anstellungsstrukturen immer wieder erneut positionierten, mit den Bewohnern der Residenzstädte interagierten und welche wichtigen Rollen sie gegenüber Familienangehörigen einnahmen.Insbesondere durch die Untersuchung des individuellen Umgangs mit dem vermeintlichen körperlichen Defizit kann sie zeigen, dass die Annahme, Kastraten seien in der Endphase ihres Bestehens grundsätzlich als defizitäre »verstümmelte Körper« wahrgenommen worden, revidiert werden muss. Auf diese Weise leistet die Autorin einen innovativen Beitrag zur Kultur- und Geschlechtergeschichte am Übergang von der Frühen Neuzeit ins 19. Jahrhundert.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Visualizing Fascism explores various ways of tracing, displaying, viewing, and interacting with fascism, examining fascism as both a global and aesthetic phenomenon during the twentieth century. It emphasizes transnational and visual qualities in order to refigure ways of establishing visual languages, articulate commentaries on the dynamic nature of national identity, and form both supportive and challenging attitudes about the global right. In particular, this volume seeks to challenge the notion that fascism is primarily a national product of Italy, Japan, and Germany; rather it seeks to locate the rise of fascism and the global right in transnational networks connected by capitalism and imperialism.
    Keywords: History ; Modern ; 20th Century ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history
    Language: English
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  • 31
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: Since the late 1990s, Asian nations have increasingly encouraged, facilitated, or demanded the return of emigrants. In this interdisciplinary collection, distinguished scholars from countries around the world explore the changing relations between nation-states and transnational mobility. Taking into account illegally trafficked migrants, deportees, temporary laborers on short-term contracts, and highly skilled émigrés, the contributors argue that the figure of the returnee energizes and redefines nationalism in an era of increasingly fluid and indeterminate national sovereignty. They acknowledge the diversity, complexity, and instability of reverse migration, while emphasizing its discursive, policy, and political significance at a moment when the tensions between state power and transnational subjects are particularly visible. Taken together, the essays foreground Asia as a useful site for rethinking the intersections of migration, sovereignty, and nationalism.
    Keywords: History ; China ; India ; Japan ; Overseas Chinese ; United States
    Language: English
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  • 32
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This book provides valuable new ethnographic insights into life along some of the most contentious borders in the world. The collected essays portray existence at different points across India's northern frontiers and, in one instance, along borders within India. Whether discussing Shi'i Muslims striving to be patriotic Indians in the Kashmiri district of Kargil or Bangladeshis living uneasily in an enclave surrounded by Indian territory, the contributors show that state borders in Northern South Asia are complex sites of contestation. India's borders with Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma/Myanmar, China, and Nepal encompass radically different ways of life, a whole spectrum of relationships to the state, and many struggles with urgent identity issues. Taken together, the essays show how, by looking at state-making in diverse, border-related contexts, it is possible to comprehend Northern South Asia's various nation-state projects without relapsing into conventional nationalist accounts.
    Keywords: History ; India ; Naga people ; Nagaland ; Nepal ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: In the early twentieth century, Native American baskets, blankets, and bowls could be purchased from department stores, “Indian stores,” dealers, and the U.S. government’s Indian schools. Men and women across the United States indulged in a widespread passion for collecting Native American art, which they displayed in domestic nooks called “Indian corners.” Elizabeth Hutchinson identifies this collecting as part of a larger “Indian craze” and links it to other activities such as the inclusion of Native American artifacts in art exhibitions sponsored by museums, arts and crafts societies, and World’s Fairs, and the use of indigenous handicrafts as models for non-Native artists exploring formal abstraction and emerging notions of artistic subjectivity. She argues that the Indian craze convinced policymakers that art was an aspect of “traditional” Native culture worth preserving, an attitude that continues to influence popular attitudes and federal legislation. Illustrating her argument with images culled from late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century publications, Hutchinson revises the standard history of the mainstream interest in Native American material culture as “art.” While many locate the development of this cross-cultural interest in the Southwest after the First World War, Hutchinson reveals that it began earlier and spread across the nation from west to east and from reservation to metropolis. She demonstrates that artists, teachers, and critics associated with the development of American modernism, including Arthur Wesley Dow and Gertrude Käsebier, were inspired by Native art. Native artists were also able to achieve some recognition as modern artists, as Hutchinson shows through her discussion of the Winnebago painter and educator Angel DeCora. By taking a transcultural approach, Hutchinson transforms our understanding of the role of Native Americans in modernist culture.
    Keywords: History ; United States ; 20th Century ; Social Science ; Ethnic Studies ; American ; Art ; American ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AG The Arts: treatments and subjects::AGA History of art
    Language: English
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: Presenting an unprecedented, integrated view of migration in North America, this interdisciplinary collection of essays illuminates the movements of people within and between Canada, the Caribbean, Mexico, and the United States over the past two centuries. Several essays discuss recent migrations from Central America as well. In the introduction, Dirk Hoerder provides a sweeping historical overview of North American societies in the Atlantic world. He also develops and advocates what he and Nora Faires call “transcultural societal studies,” an interdisciplinary approach to migration studies that combines migration research across disciplines and at the local, regional, national, and transnational levels. The contributors examine the movements of diverse populations across North America in relation to changing cultural, political, and economic patterns.
    Keywords: History ; Canada ; Mexico ; United States
    Language: English
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Neue Techniken zur Informationsübermittlung befördern den Informationsaustausch. Das ist eine für das 20. und 21. Jahrhundert ganz selbstverständliche Feststellung. Genauso selbstverständlich gilt sie aber auch für das 16. Jahrhundert und die Frühe Neuzeit insgesamt. Ein allseits bekanntes Beispiel dafür ist die Verbesserung der Techniken des Buchdrucks durch die Verwendung beweglicher Lettern. Dies führte dazu, dass neue Medien entstanden und sich dauerhaft etablierten, wie z.B. die Flugschrift und die „Neue Zeitung“. Andere bereits bekannte Genera wie Lieder und Predigten erhielten durch die veränderte Kommunikationssituation eine neue Bedeutung in den Auseinandersetzungen der Zeit. Daraus ergaben sich vielfältige Chancen und Heraus­forderungen, denn die Nutzung dieser neuen Medien wie die Transformation bestehender Medienformate und deren flächendeckende Verwendung setzte politische, soziale, juristische und religiöse Veränderungsprozesse in Gang bzw. beförderte sie.Die Beiträge des Sammelbandes möchten diese neuen Kommunikationsformen und -methoden ebenso wie die Veränderungsprozesse für das 16. Jahrhundert ausleuchten. Dies geschieht, indem Wandlungs- und Transformationsprozesse durch die Nutzung bekannter sowie die Schaffung neuer Medienformate, der Umgang mit Meinungsvielfalt und der damit einhergehenden Pluralität an Deutungen des Zeitgeschehens sowie die Entstehung einer neuen Streitkultur und neue Ordnungsversuche analysiert werden.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Rules of the House examines the transformation of the Korean family during and after Japanese colonial rule. Through in-depth reading of civil litigation records, the book shows how the Japanese colonial legal system transformed Korean families from the traditional patrilineal family system into small, patriarchal households. The new domestic pattern proved remarkably durable, forming the basis of postcolonial family life. Women feature prominently in the book. Increasingly marginalized by patriarchy, women embodied the fault line between one family system as it receded and the other as it expanded under the auspices of Japanese colonial law. As a consequence, women’s rights to family property, inheritance, divorce, and adoption of heirs were frequently challenged by family members. Far from being quiet victims, these women brought their cases to the colonial courts and won a surprising number of cases. The book highlights how legal discourse about women’s rights in colonial civil courts articulated the transformation of the family.
    Keywords: History ; General ; History ; Asia ; General ; Social Science ; Gender Studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJF Asian history ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSJ Gender studies, gender groups
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: What is the purpose of a church? Who owns a church? Mary K. Farag persuasively demonstrates that three groups in late antiquity were concerned with these questions: Christian leaders, wealthy laypersons, and lawmakers. Conflicting answers usually coexisted, but from time to time they clashed and caused significant tension. In these disputes, juridical regulations and opinions mattered more than has been traditionally recognized. Considering familiar Christian controversies in novel ways, Farag’s investigation shows that scholarship has misunderstood well-known religious figures by ignoring the legal issues they faced. This seminal text nuances vital aspects of scholarly conversations on sacred space, gift giving, wealth, and poverty in the late antique Mediterranean world, making use not only of Latin and Greek sources but also Coptic and Arabic evidence.
    Keywords: History ; Ancient ; Religion ; Christian Church ; History ; Religion ; Christian Church ; Canon & Ecclesiastical Law ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMB Christian Churches, denominations, groups
    Language: English
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: Built in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, India’s Mughal monuments—including majestic forts, mosques, palaces, and tombs, such as the Taj Mahal—are world renowned for their grandeur and association with the Mughals, the powerful Islamic empire that once ruled most of the subcontinent. In Monumental Matters, Santhi Kavuri-Bauer focuses on the prominent role of Mughal architecture in the construction and contestation of the Indian national landscape. She examines the representation and eventual preservation of the monuments, from their disrepair in the colonial past to their present status as protected heritage sites. Drawing on theories of power, subjectivity, and space, Kavuri-Bauer’s interdisciplinary analysis encompasses Urdu poetry, British landscape painting, imperial archaeological surveys, Indian Muslim identity, and British tourism, as well as postcolonial nation building, World Heritage designations, and conservation mandates.
    Keywords: History ; Delhi ; Hinduism ; India ; Mosque ; Mughal Empire ; Muslims ; Red Fort ; Taj Mahal
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Diese Arbeit stellt die nationalen Rotkreuzgesellschaften Polens und der Tschechoslowakei als Beispiele für Selbstorganisation im sozialistischen Staat vor. Als Teil der internationalen Rotkreuzbewegung unterschieden sich das Polnische Rote Kreuz (Polski Czerwony Krzyż, PCK) und das Tschechoslowakische Rote Kreuz (Československý Ċervený kříž, ČSČK) von anderen verstaatlichten Massenorganisationen. Sie verknüpften sozialistische Ideologie und humanitäre Prinzipien zu einem »socialist humanitarianism«. Maren Hachmeister untersucht die Arbeit des polnischen und des tschechoslowakischen Roten Kreuzes zwischen 1945 und 1989 insbesondere für die Themen- und Tätigkeitsfelder Suchdienste, Blutspende, Jugend und Eliten. Der historische Vergleich zeigt dabei auf, wann, wo und wie zivilgesellschaftliche Selbstorganisationen für beide Organisationen unter den Vorzeichen des Staatssozialismus möglich war.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; Poland ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Jainism, perhaps more so than any other South Asian tradition, focuses strongly on the ethics of birth, life, and death, with regard to both humans and other living beings. Insistent Life is the first full-length interdisciplinary examination of the foundational principles of bioethics within Jain doctrine and the application of those principles in the contemporary sphere. Brianne Donaldson and Ana Bajželj analyze a diverse range of Jain texts and contemporary sources to identify Jain perspectives on bioethical issues while highlighting the complexity of their personal, professional, and public dimensions. The book also features extensive original data based on an international survey the authors conducted with Jain medical professionals in India and diaspora communities of North America, Europe, and Africa.
    Keywords: History ; Asia ; India & South Asia ; Religion ; Jainism ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRR Other religions and spiritual beliefs::QRRC Jainism ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Published on the occasion of the 2019 exhibition “Changing and Unchanging Things: Noguchi and Hasegawa in Postwar Japan,” The Saburo Hasegawa Reader encompasses a selection of writings by the Japanese artist, theorist, essayist, teacher, and curator Saburo Hasegawa (1908–1957), translated into English for the first time. Credited with introducing abstract art to Japan in the 1930s, Hasegawa also became influential as a lecturer on Japan and its aesthetic and philosophical traditions in New York and San Francisco before his premature death in 1957. A memorial volume, initiated by the Oakland Art Museum but left unpublished since the 1950s, as well as interviews from students at California College of Arts and Crafts, helps to establish Hasegawa as a thoughtful bridge between East and West and an engaging and thoughtful interpreter of classical and contemporary sources.
    Keywords: Art ; General ; History ; Asia ; General ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AB The arts: general topics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: A Vietnamese Moses is the story of Philiphê Bình, a Vietnamese Catholic priest who in 1796 traveled from Tonkin to the Portuguese court in Lisbon to persuade its ruler to appoint a bishop for his community of ex-Jesuits. Based on Bình’s surviving writings from his thirty-seven-year exile in Portugal, this book examines how the intersections of global and local Roman Catholic geographies shaped the lives of Vietnamese Christians in the early modern era. The book also argues that Bình’s mission to Portugal and his intense lobbying on behalf of his community reflected the agency of Vietnamese Catholics, who vigorously engaged with church politics in defense of their distinctive Portuguese-Catholic heritage. George E. Dutton demonstrates the ways in which Catholic beliefs, histories, and genealogies transformed how Vietnamese thought about themselves and their place in the world. This sophisticated exploration of Vietnamese engagement with both the Catholic Church and Napoleonic Europe provides a unique perspective on the complex history of early Vietnamese Christianity. “Makes a significant contribution to a growing body of international research that brings Asian Christianity into the global domain.” -BARBARA WATSON ANDAYA, coauthor of A History of Early Modern Southeast Asia, 1400–1830 “Like the life this book traces, A Vietnamese Moses crosses borders and genres. A remarkable achievement.” -CHARLES KEITH, author of Catholic Vietnam: A Church from Empire to Nation GEORGE E. DUTTON is Professor of Vietnamese History in the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures and Director of the Center for Southeast Asian Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles.
    Keywords: History ; Asia ; General ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The colonial experience of the early twentieth century shaped Korea’s culture and identity, leaving a troubling past that was subtly reconstructed in South Korean postcolonial cinema. Relating postcolonial discourses to a reading of Manchurian action films, kisaeng and gangster films, and revenge horror films, Parameters of Disavowal shows how filmmakers reworked, recontextualized, and erased ideas and symbols of colonial power. In particular, Jinsoo An examines how South Korean films privileged certain sites, such as the kisaeng house and the Manchurian frontier, generating unique meanings that challenged the domination of the colonial power, and how horror films indirectly explored both the continuing trauma of colonial violence and lingering emotional ties to the colonial order. Espousing the ideology of nationalism while responding to a new Cold War order that positioned Japan and South Korea as political and economic allies, postcolonial cinema formulated distinctive ways of seeing and imagining the colonial past.
    Keywords: History ; General ; History ; Asia ; General ; Performing Arts ; Film ; General ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATF Films, cinema ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATJ Television
    Language: English
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Übersetzungen sind das Bindemittel zwischenmenschlicher Kommunikation. Durch sie wird Wissen vermittelt und politische, kulturelle Prozesse sogar komplexer moderner Gesellschaften geregelt. Dieser Band stellt die vielfältigen Übersetzungsleistungen im frühneuzeitlichen Umgang mit Frieden vor. Friedensverträge wurden übersetzt, ediert und gedeutet, die Ansprüche der Vertragspartner moderiert. Gerade in »zwischenstaatlichen« Friedensprozessen mussten differente politische und rechtliche Positionen in unterschiedlichen Sprachen präsentiert werden. Systematisch untersucht der Sammelband das Ringen um die Sprache, die kommunikativen Hintergründe vormoderner Friedensprozesse sowie den wissenschaftlichen, literarischen und medialen Umgang mit Frieden und frühneuzeitlichen Friedensverträgen.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: How does language work? How does language produce truth and beauty? Eleventh-century Arabic scholarship has detailed answers to these universal questions. Language Between God and the Poets reads the theory of four major scholars and asks how the conceptual vocabulary they shared enabled them to create theory in lexicography, theology, logic, and poetics. Their ideas engaged God and poetry at the nexus of language, mind, and reality. Their core conceptual vocabulary carved reality at the joints in a manner quite different from Anglophone and European thought in any period. This vocabulary centered around the words maʿnā (“mental content”) and ḥaqīqah (“accuracy”), two concepts for which Alexander Key develops a translation methodology with the help of Wittgenstein and Kuhn. Language Between God and the Poets helps us see how fundamental the lexicon and lexicography can be to all kinds of theory, how theology can be a science of naming, how logic interacts with language, and how poetic affect can be built on grammar and logic. The four scholars are ar-Rāġib al-Iṣfahānī, Ibn Fūrak, Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna), and ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Ǧurǧānī.
    Keywords: Literary Criticism ; Ancient & Classical ; History ; Ancient ; General ; Philosophy ; General ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism::DSB Literary studies: general::DSBB Literary studies: ancient, classical and medieval ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: How did the patronage activities of India’s Vijayanagara Empire (c. 1346–1565) influence Hindu sectarian identities? Although the empire has been commonly viewed as a Hindu bulwark against Islamic incursion from the north or as a religiously ecumenical state, Valerie Stoker argues that the Vijayanagara court was selective in its patronage of religious institutions. To understand the dynamic interaction between religious and royal institutions in this period, she focuses on the career of the Hindu intellectual and monastic leader Vyasatirtha. An agent of the state and a powerful religious authority, Vyasatirtha played an important role in expanding the empire’s economic and social networks. By examining his polemics against rival sects in the context of his work for the empire, Stoker provides a remarkably nuanced picture of the relationship between religious identity and sociopolitical reality under Vijayanagara rule. “Valerie Stoker’s work, with its insightful analysis of the role played by the Madhva sectarian leader Vyasatirtha in the complex and multifaceted interplay of religion and state patronage in sixteenth-century South India, is a valuable addition to the corpus of writings on Vijayanagara.” -ANILA VERGHESE, author of Religious Traditions at Vijayanagara “Never have Hindu philosophical debates and sectarian disputes seemed so lively and so relevant to historical dynamics.” -LESLIE C. ORR, author of Donors, Devotees and Daughters of God: Temple Women in Medieval Tamilnadu “Stoker sets a new standard for the study of religion in early modern South India, recognizing that doctrine does not unfold in a sociopolitical vacuum and providing an insightful account of the relations between sectarian organizations and their political patrons.” -PHILLIP B. WAGONER, Wesleyan University “In this engrossing and sophisticated book, Stoker brings together fine narrative fluency, careful scholarship across different disciplines, and critical sympathy for ideas and people from a different time and place.” -CHAKRAVARTHI RAM-PRASAD, author of Divine Self, Human Self: The Philosophy of Being in Two Gita Commentaries VALERIE STOKER is Associate Professor of South Asian Religions and Director of the Master of Humanities Program at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio.
    Keywords: Religion ; General ; History ; Asia ; Southeast Asia ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: As the first complete narrative in English of the Haitian Revolution, Marcus Rainsford's An Historical Account of the Black Empire of Hayti was highly influential in establishing nineteenth-century world opinion of this momentous event. This new edition is the first to appear since the original publication in 1805. Rainsford, a career officer in the British army, went to Haiti to recruit black soldiers for the British. By publishing his observations of the prowess of black troops, and recounting his meetings with Toussaint Louverture, Rainsford offered eyewitness testimonial that acknowledged the intelligence and effectiveness of the Haitian rebels. Although not an abolitionist, Rainsford nonetheless was supportive of the independent state of Haiti, which he argued posed no threat to British colonial interests in the West Indies, an extremely unusual stance at the time. Rainsford's account made an immediate impact upon publication, being widely reviewed and translated.
    Keywords: History ; France ; Saint-Domingue ; Toussaint Louverture
    Language: English
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Between 1750 and 1870 the world faced transformations marked by the rise of industrial capitalism, the fall of European empires in the Americas, and the rise of nations there. 'New Countries' explores how these events transformed the Americas in diverging ways. Up to 1790, Saint Domingue’s sugar and slave economy drove Atlantic trades; then revolutionary slaves made Haiti, freeing themselves and ending export production. New Spain’s silver fueled global trades until Bajío insurgents collapsed silver capitalism and undermined Spanish rule after 1810. The fall of silver left regions from Mexico through Guatemala and the Andes in search of new polities and economies. After 1870 the United States became an agro-industrial hegemon, most American nations turned to commodity exports, and Haitians and diverse indigenous peoples struggled to keep independent lives beyond the reach of industrial powers seeking supplies and markets.
    Keywords: History ; Brazil ; Mexico ; Slavery ; Spain ; United States ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at 〈a href="https://www.luminosoa.org/" target="_blank">www.luminosoa.org〈/a>.〈BR />〈BR /> Situated at the disciplinary boundary between prehistory and history, this book presents a new synthesis of Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age Greece, from the rise and fall of Mycenaean civilization, through the "Dark Age," and up to the emergence of city-states in the Archaic period. This period saw the growth and decline of varied political systems and the development of networks that would eventually expand to nearly all shores of the Middle Sea. Alex R. Knodell argues that in order to understand how ancient Greece changed over time, one must analyze how Greek societies constituted and reconstituted themselves across multiple scales, from the local to the regional to the Mediterranean. Knodell employs innovative network and spatial analyses to understand the regional diversity and connectivity that drove the growth of early Greek polities. As a groundbreaking study of landscape, interaction, and sociopolitical change, 〈I>Societies in Transition in Early Greece〈/I> systematically bridges the divide between the Mycenaean period and the Archaic Greek world to shed new light on an often-overlooked period of world history.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Archaeology ; History ; World ; History ; Ancient ; Greece ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history
    Language: English
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Der zweisprachige Sammelband vereinigt zum Teil bahnbrechende Ergebnisse einer interdisziplinären Forschungstagung, deren Beiträge sozial-, wirtschafts-, kultur- und kirchengeschichtliche Aspekte der Frühneuzeit im Karpatenbogen aufgreifen. Basierend auf vielfach erstmals ausgewerteten Quellen bearbeiten die Beiträge aktuelle Fragestellungen und Forschungshorizonte zur Interdependenz von sozialen, ökonomischen, kulturellen und religiösen Phänomenen im Karpatenbogen der Frühen Neuzeit, in dem die Osmanen der international dominante politische Faktor wurden. Transformationsprozesse wurden angestoßen durch Bevölkerungs- und Militärbewegungen, ökonomische, politische und religiös-mentale Umwälzungen, die zwischen opportunistischer Anpassung und rebellierendem Widerstand oszillierten und entsprechende politische Maßnahmen und Gegenreaktionen hervorriefen. Dabei wird die bislang geltende Forschungsmeinung zur Toleranzgeschichte Siebenbürgens in Frage gestellt und völlig neu bewertet.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-24
    Description: A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org. Language, Nation, Race explores the various language reforms at the onset of Japanese modernity, a time when a “national language” (kokugo) was produced to standardize Japanese. Faced with the threat of Western colonialism, Meiji intellectuals proposed various reforms to standardize the Japanese language in order to quickly educate the illiterate masses. This book liberates these language reforms from the predetermined category of the “nation,” for such a notion had yet to exist as a clear telos to which the reforms aspired. Atsuko Ueda draws on, while critically intervening in, the vast scholarship of language reform that engaged with numerous works of postcolonial and cultural studies. She examines the first two decades of the Meiji period, with specific focus on the issue of race, contending that no analysis of imperialism or nationalism is possible without it.
    Keywords: Language Arts & Disciplines ; Linguistics ; Historical & Comparative ; History ; Asia ; Japan ; Literary Collections ; Asian ; Japanese ; thema EDItEUR::C Language and Linguistics::CF Linguistics::CFF Historical and comparative linguistics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DN Biography and non-fiction prose::DNT Anthologies: general
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: A free open access ebook is available upon publication. Learn more at www.luminosoa.org.Widely studied and hotly debated, the Silk Road is often viewed as a precursor to contemporary globalization, the merchants who traversed it as early agents of cultural exchange. Missing are the lives of the ordinary people who inhabited the route and contributed as much to its development as their itinerant counterparts. In this book, Kate Franklin takes the highlands of medieval Armenia as a compelling case study for examining how early globalization and everyday life intertwined along the Silk Road. She argues that Armenia—and the Silk Road itself—consisted of the overlapping worlds created by a diverse assortment of people: not only long-distance travelers but also the local rulers and subjects who lived in Armenia’s mountain valleys and along its highways. Franklin guides the reader through increasingly intimate scales of global exchange to highlight the cosmopolitan dimensions of daily life, as she vividly reconstructs how people living in and passing through the medieval Caucasus understood the world and their place within it. With its innovative focus on the far-reaching implications of local practices, Everyday Cosmopolitanisms brings the study of medieval Eurasia into relation with contemporary investigations of cosmopolitanism and globalization, challenging persistent divisions between modern and medieval, global and quotidian.
    Keywords: History ; World ; History ; Europe ; Medieval ; History ; Asia ; Central Asia ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-26
    Description: Writing Self, Writing Empire examines the life, career, and writings of the Mughal state secretary, or munshi, Chandar Bhan Brahman (d. ca. 1670), one of the great Indo-Persian poets and prose stylists of early modern South Asia. Chandar Bhan’s life spanned the reigns of four emperors: Akbar (1556–1605), Jahangir (1605–1627), Shah Jahan (1628–1658), and Aurangzeb ‘Alamgir (1658–1707), the last of the “Great Mughals” whose courts dominated the culture and politics of the subcontinent at the height of the empire’s power, territorial reach, and global influence. Chandar Bhan was a high-caste Hindu who worked for a series of Muslim monarchs and other officials, forming powerful friendships along the way; his experience bears vivid testimony to the pluralistic atmosphere of the Mughal court, particularly during the reign of Shah Jahan, the celebrated builder of the Taj Mahal. But his widely circulated and emulated works also touch on a range of topics central to our understanding of the court’s literary, mystical, administrative, and ethical cultures, while his letters and autobiographical writings provide tantalizing examples of early modern Indo-Persian modes of self-fashioning. Chandar Bhan’s oeuvre is a valuable window onto a crucial, though surprisingly neglected, period of Mughal cultural and political history. “Adds significant depth to our understanding of the intellectual and cultural atmosphere of the Mughal court at its height.” -RICHARD M. EATON, author of A Social History of the Deccan, 1300–1761 “The fullest study so far of the understudied phenomenon of Hindu writers of Persian. Through the prism of Chandar Bhan’s writings, Rajeev Kinra presents a holistic treatment of the cultural concerns of the Mughal empire’s Hindu ‘men of the pen.’” -NILE GREEN, author of Making Space: Sufis and Settlers in Early Modern India RAJEEV KINRA is Assistant Professor in the Department of History at Northwestern University.
    Keywords: Biography & Autobiography ; General ; Poetry ; Asian ; General ; History ; Asia ; India & South Asia ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DN Biography and non-fiction prose::DNB Biography: general ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DC Poetry ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Im Zentrum dieses Werkes stehen die französischen Schulen im Libanon in der historischen Zeitepoche der wachsenden französischen Einflussnahme von 1909 bis 1943. Anhand der verschiedenen politischen Regime des Osmanischen Reiches und des französischen Völkerbundmandats über den Libanon wird die These untermauert, dass diese Schulen immer stärker zu Instrumenten kolonialer Machtausübung wurden. Gleichzeitig zeigt Esther Möller, dass die Bildungseinrichtungen ebenso stark von der Akzeptanz und den Erwartungen der libanesischen Bevölkerung abhingen und von dieser zur kulturellen, religiösen und nationalen Identitätsstiftung genutzt wurden. Indem die Studie die komplexen Prozesse aufzeigt, welche die französische Zivilisierungsmission im Libanon begleiteten, leistet sie einen wichtigen Beitrag zur hochaktuellen Debatte um Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten und Grenzen von Zivilisierungsmissionen.
    Keywords: Education ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNB History of education
    Language: German
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: In an innovative cultural history of Argentine movies and radio in the decades before Peronism, Matthew B. Karush demonstrates that competition with jazz and Hollywood cinema shaped Argentina's domestic cultural production in crucial ways, as Argentine producers tried to elevate their offerings to appeal to consumers seduced by North American modernity. At the same time, the transnational marketplace encouraged these producers to compete by marketing "authentic" Argentine culture. Domestic filmmakers, radio and recording entrepreneurs, lyricists, musicians, actors, and screenwriters borrowed heavily from a rich tradition of popular melodrama. Although the resulting mass culture trafficked in conformism and consumerist titillation, it also disseminated versions of national identity that celebrated the virtue and dignity of the poor, while denigrating the wealthy as greedy and mean-spirited.
    Keywords: History ; Argentina ; Buenos Aires ; Juan Perón ; Media culture ; Melodrama ; Peronism ; Working class
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: In Hindu Pluralism, Elaine M. Fisher complicates the traditional scholarly narrative of the unification of Hinduism. By calling into question the colonial categories implicit in the term “sectarianism,” Fisher’s work excavates the pluralistic textures of precolonial Hinduism in the centuries prior to British intervention. Drawing on previously unpublished sources in Sanskrit, Tamil, and Telugu, Fisher argues that the performance of plural religious identities in public space in Indian early modernity paved the way for the emergence of a distinctively non-Western form of religious pluralism. This work provides a critical resource for understanding how Hinduism developed in the early modern period, a crucial era that set the tenor for religion’s role in public life in India through the present day. “A detailed, insightful, and original perspective on a significant and understudied period. It engages intelligently with current discussions of early modern Indian intellectual and religious history, while calling into question key elements of the existing picture of the period among specialists in the field.” -LAWRENCE McCREA, Cornell University “Fisher works at both a micro and macro level to read the intricacies of Smarta Saivism against the broader backdrop of evolving definitions of Hinduism. Her counterintuitive thesis is that sectarianism is not so much a breakup of a preexisting unity but rather an aggregation of discrete religions.” -GAURI VISWANATHAN, Columbia University “Fisher’s work is critical now more than ever in helping us to understand what Hinduism is and how it began to be that way, not in misty antiquity but in early modernity.” -ROBERT P. GOLDMAN, University of California at Berkeley ELAINE M. FISHER is Assistant Professor in the Department of Religious Studies at Stanford University.
    Keywords: Religion ; General ; History ; General ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Seit Beginn der Neuzeit expandierte das Moskauer Fürstentum gen Westen und Süden. Zu Zeiten der Romanov-Dynastie umfasste Russland weite Gebiete mit überwiegend nichtrussischer und konfessionell heterogener Bevölkerung. Nach den Teilungen Polens sowie der Eroberung des Kaukasus und Zentralasiens im 18./19. Jahrhundert erhielt das Zarenreich Kontrolle über weitere alte Kulturräume, die es im Zuge der Kolonialisierung ab Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts zu assimilieren versuchte. Diese Versuche erfolgten nicht zuletzt mittels der Sprachpolitik: Polnisch, Ukrainisch und Litauisch wurden verboten, das Russische sollte im Bildungs- und Behördenwesen im gesamten Imperium dominieren.
    Keywords: History ; Russia & The Former Soviet Union ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHQ History of other geographical groupings and regions
    Language: German
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2023-07-19
    Description: Der »Mauerfall« brachte die Frage der »Wiedervereinigung« überraschend rasch zurück auf die Tagesordnung der internationalen Politik. Dies galt auch für die österreichische Diplomatie und Politik, wie die 180 in dieser Edition erstmals veröffentlichten Dokumente zeigen. Das Verhältnis des neutralen Landes zu beiden deutschen Staaten hatte sich von 1949 bis 1989/90 kontinuierlich entwickelt. Zur Bundesrepublik bestanden aufgrund des Außenhandels und der Westorientierung Österreichs weit engere und intensivere wirtschaftliche und kulturelle Beziehungen. Abwartend und weit weniger intensiv war das Verhältnis zum ostdeutschen Staat. Nichtsdestotrotz waren die Kontakte zur DDR nach Aufnahme diplomatischer Beziehungen 1972 von schrittweiser Normalisierung, wechselseitiger Besuchsdiplomatie und gut entwickelten Wirtschaftsbeziehungen gekennzeichnet, die allerdings hinter der Stärke von jenen mit der Bundesrepublik zurückblieben. Österreich verfolgte in dieser Zeit als kritischer Beobachter au
    Keywords: History ; European History ; Contemporary History ; Austria ; 20th Century ; the German Democratic Republic ; Foreign Policy
    Language: German
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Chronicling the dramatic history of the Brazilian Amazon during the Second World War, Seth Garfield provides fresh perspectives on contemporary environmental debates. His multifaceted analysis explains how the Amazon became the object of geopolitical rivalries, state planning, media coverage, popular fascination, and social conflict. In need of rubber, a vital war material, the United States spent millions of dollars to revive the Amazon's rubber trade. In the name of development and national security, Brazilian officials implemented public programs to engineer the hinterland's transformation. Migrants from Brazil's drought-stricken Northeast flocked to the Amazon in search of work. In defense of traditional ways of life, longtime Amazon residents sought to temper outside intervention.
    Keywords: History ; Brazil ; Ceará ; Natural rubber ; United States ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1K The Americas::1KL Latin America – Mexico, Central America, South America
    Language: English
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Der von Ronald Reagan und Michail Gorbatschow am 8. Dezember 1987 unterzeichnete »Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty«, kurz INF-Vertrag, stellte einen Meilenstein der nuklearen Abrüstungsverhandlungen zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika und der Sowjetunion dar. Im Jahr 2019 wurde er von Russland und den USA gekündigt. Der englischsprachige Band untersucht die Vorgeschichte des Abkommens, dessen Implementierung und Folgen sowohl in den beiden Supermächten als auch in den mit ihnen verbündeten Staaten. Er ist damit die erste umfassende Darstellung eines der wichtigsten Abrüstungsabkommen der jüngsten Zeit.
    Keywords: History ; Military ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Established in Ramallah in 1979, al-Haq was the first Palestinian human rights organization and one of the first such organizations in the Arab world. This inside history explores how al-Haq initiated methodologies in law and practice that were ahead of its time and that proved foundational for many strands of today’s human rights work in Palestine and elsewhere. Lynn Welchman looks at both al-Haq’s history and legacy to explore such questions as: Why would one set up a human rights organization under military occupation? How would one go about promoting the rule of law in a Palestinian society deleteriously served by the law and with every reason to distrust those charged with implementing its protections? How would one work to educate overseas allies and activate international law in defense of Palestinian rights? This revelatory story speaks to the practice of local human rights organizations and their impact on international groups. “This book is a godsend. A perfect example of precisely the kind of research that is most needed now, at a moment when human rights have never been more delegitimized on the international stage and abuses more rampant across the Middle East and North Africa.” — MARK LEVINE, author of Heavy Metal Islam: Rock, Resistance, and the Struggle for the Soul of Islam “Clear, concise, accessible, and detailed, this unique book sheds extensive light on how and why al-Haq developed as it did. And in doing so it offers original material on the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories, the development of the human rights movement in Palestine and globally, and the creation and management of civil society organizations.” — MOUIN RABBANI, coeditor of Jadaliyya and former Senior Analyst and Special Advisor on Palestine, International Crisis Group
    Keywords: History ; Middle Eastern Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history
    Language: English
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Wer sich für die krisenhaften Zuspitzungen in der Politik des Kalten Kriegs interessiert, kommt um eine Analyse der hinter diesen Prozessen liegenden Kulturen des Entscheidens nicht herum. Als Spitzenereignis steht die Kubakrise dafür, wie eine falsche Weichenstellung von Seiten der beteiligten Politiker die Welt in den Atomkrieg hätte führen können. »Wer als erster schießt, ist als zweiter tot«, so resümierte ein amerikanischer General das spieltheoretische Dilemma in diesen Jahrzehnten. Aber nicht nur im Militärischen, sondern auch in vielen anderen politischen Kontexten standen sich West und Ost politisch, ökonomisch und mit Blick auf die jeweilige Gesellschaftspolitik konfrontativ gegenüber und prägten in Abgrenzung und in Parallelität zueinander eigene Stile des Entscheidens. Die Konkurrenz zum jeweiligen Gegner, der Glaube an die Machbarkeit politischer Visionen und die Steuerung der Gesellschaft trieb die theoretischen wie auch praktischen Bemühungen dazu an. Wie die Politik in Ost und West in ihren Spitzen, aber auch in den untergeordneten Instanzen den Vorgang des Entscheidens konzipierte und durchführte, wie man sich bei diesen Prozessen von Experten aus Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft beraten ließ und auf welche Weise politische Institutionen Informationen aufnahmen und verarbeiteten – das sind die Kernfragen des vorliegenden Bandes, denen die Autorinnen und Autoren anhand verschiedener Fallbeispiele aus USA und UdSSR, BRD, DDR und Tschechoslowakei nachgehen.
    Keywords: History ; Military ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history
    Language: German
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Europa ist in der öffentlichen Diskussion präsent wie nie zuvor. Dabei schwingt immer auch die Frage mit, was dieses Europa denn eigentlich sei. Auch die Geschichtswissenschaft hat sich des Themas Europa in den vergangenen Jahren verstärkt angenommen, doch die Forschung zu den einzelnen europäischen Ländern ist einer integrativen Europa-Historiographie weit voraus. Man könnte auch sagen: Sie ist erst auf dem Weg nach Europa. Das Ziel der Beiträger dieses Bandes ist es, den Untersuchungsgegenstand »Europa« genauer zu fassen. Dies allerdings gerade nicht in dem Sinne, die Europabilder, die am Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts verbreitet sind, auf die Vergangenheit zu übertragen und so der Gefahr zu erliegen, eine teleologisch auf das heutige (EU-)Europa ausgerichtete Geschichte des Kontinents zu pflegen. In diesem Sinne geht der Band anhand ausgewählter Fallbeispiele für die Epoche der Neuzeit den Fragenkomplexen nach: Wie wurde Europa zu verschiedenen Zeiten von verschiedenen Personen-/Personengruppen gedeutet? Was machte Europa in den Augen der Zeitgenossen aus? Wer sollte »dazu« gehören, wer wurde ausgeschlossen? Welche Visionen wurden für Europa entwickelt? Wer erarbeitete sie und aus welchen Motiven heraus? Und schließlich: In welchem Verhältnis standen die Realitäten zu diesen Deutungen und Visionen? Der Band möchte einen Beitrag zu einer europäischen Geschichte leisten, die mehr ist als eine Addition der verschiedenen Nationalgeschichten.
    Keywords: History ; Social History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history
    Language: German
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Im Sommer 1914 schickte der russische Agrarwissenschaftler und Bodenkundler Konstantin Glinka ein Manuskript nach Berlin. Es enthielt die erste an eine ausländische Leserschaft gerichtete Darstellung der russischen Bodenkunde, einer frühökologischen Lehre vom Boden, die auf der Erforschung der Schwarzerde fußte. Dies war der Beginn einer Erfolgsgeschichte: Die russische Bodenkunde reüssierte in der Zwischenkriegszeit in Europa und den USA. Nach 1945 wurde sie zu einem Klassiker der modernen Agrar- und Umweltwissenschaften.Jan Arend erzählt die Geschichte eines Wissenstransfers von Ost nach West. Er folgt Wissenschaftlern, Manuskripten und Begriffen – von den Schwarzerde-Provinzen des Russischen Reichs über die Podien internationaler Konferenzen bis in die Kabinette von amerikanischen Agrarplanern und Bodenschätzern in NS-Deutschland. Das Buch führt dabei in anschaulicher Weise vor Augen, wie sich Wissen in Form und Inhalt transformiert, wenn es übersetzt, vermittelt und in neue politis
    Keywords: History ; Osteuropäische Geschichte ; 19./20. Jahrhundert ; Transnationale Geschichte ; Russland ; Ehemalige Sowjetunion ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Historically, for sustaining and reproducing their economic lives, people have obtained goods and services through various ways. How did people tackle issues that the market did not handle well? This volume compares early modern efforts to provide “public goods”—defined in contraposition to market-mediated goods and goods provided through personal relations, such as kinship ties. We examine poverty and famine relief, infrastructure building, and forestry management in East Asia and Europe, using Japan’s Tokugawa era (1603–1868) as a benchmark from which consider the cases in Prussia, China, and England. Taking advantage of rich scholarship on the role of autonomous village and regional society in Japan’s early modern history, the volume highlights the diverse approaches to providing public goods across societies, relativizing the discussion on the formation of fiscal state drawn from the experience in “advanced” Western Europe, and it constructs the beginnings of an early modern basis for forecasting the diversity in public-goods provision future into the modern and contemporary periods.
    Keywords: History ; General ; Business & Economics ; Economics ; General ; History ; Asia ; General ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Die Frage, ob, wann und wie die internationale Gemeinschaft auf Verletzungen humanitärer Normen und damit verbundene humanitäre Krisen reagieren soll, gehört zweifellos zu den vieldiskutierten Themen auf der Agenda der heutigen internationalen Politik. Allerdings tauchte diese Problematik nicht erst am Ende des 20. und zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts plötzlich aus dem Nichts auf, sondern bereits im Verlauf des »langen 19. Jahrhunderts« setzte man sich kontrovers mit dieser Problematik auseinander. Anhand ausgewählter Fallbeispiele wie dem Kampf gegen den Sklavenhandel (1807–1890), den Militärinterventionen der europäischen Großmächte zur humanitären Nothilfe für christliche Minderheiten im Osmanischen Reich (1827–1878) oder dem Eingreifen der Vereinigten Staaten in den kubanischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg (1898) untersucht Fabian Klose die militärische Praktik und die völkerrechtlichen Debatten zum Schutz humanitärer Normen gewaltsam einzugreifen.
    Keywords: History ; Globalgeschichte ; Menschenrechte ; Transnationale Geschichte ; 18. Jahrhundert ; 19. Jahrhundert ; Politikwissenschaft ; Menschenrechte ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Das Mediensystem der politischen Publizistik im frühmodernen Deutschland war keineswegs eine obrigkeitliche Stiftung, sondern entwickelte sich in wechselseitiger Beziehung zu politischen Entwicklungsprozessen zu zunehmender Selbständigkeit. Dabei profitierte es davon, stets auf eigene, am Markt gewonnene Finanzmittel zurückgreifen zu können und von staatlichen Transferleistungen weitgehend unabhängig zu sein. Verleger und Redakteure nahmen das »Agenda-Setting« nach eigenen Kriterien vor, eher vom Nachrichtenwert als von staatlichen Sprachregelungen geleitet. Die Leserschaft bestand zunächst aus der höfischen Machtelite und den werdenden und arrivierten Gelehrten, reichte jedoch schon im 17. Jahrhundert darüber hinaus, wobei die Rezeption durch die Ungelehrten das gesamte 18. Jahrhundert hindurch anwuchs.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Los Angeles rose to significance in the first half of the twentieth century by way of its complex relationship to three rivers: the Los Angeles, the Owens, and the Colorado. The remarkable urban and suburban trajectory of southern California since then cannot be fully understood without reference to the ways in which each of these three river systems came to be connected to the future of the metropolitan region. This history of growth must be understood in full consideration of all three rivers and the challenges and opportunities they presented to those who would come to make Los Angeles a global power. Full of primary sources and original documents, Water and Los Angeles will be of interest to both students of Los Angeles and general readers interested in the origins of the city. “This is an invaluable new source book by two preeminent authorities on Los Angeles history.” -STEVEN P. ERIE, University of California, San Diego “Energized by a conviction of geography as destiny, this innovative docudrama of primary sources reveals the process whereby the Colorado River system propelled the urbanization of the American West. Water and Los Angeles constitutes a breakthrough fusion of environmental, engineering, urban, and political perspectives.” -KEVIN STARR, University of Southern California “This book offers an accessible, readable account of the importance of rivers to the development of modern Los Angeles.” -SARAH SCHRANK, Professor of History, California State University, Long Beach “Through a history of Los Angeles and the three rivers that helped to create it, this volume crosses several areas of scholarship to create an original and valuable contribution to research and teaching.” -NICOLAS G. ROSENTHAL, author of Reimagining Indian Country: Native American Migration and Identity in Twentieth-Century Los Angeles WILLIAM DEVERELL is Professor of History at the University of California and Director of the Huntington-USC Institute on California and the West. TOM SITTON is a curator emeritus of history from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Together, they are authors of California Progressive Revisited and Metropolis in the Making.
    Keywords: History ; United States ; General ; Nature ; General ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Cultural diversity raises pressing issues for both political theory and practice. The remaking of the world since 1945 has led to increased demographic diversity within many states, and greater acknowledgment of its worth. “Multiculturalism” refers to the political, legal and philosophical strategies which emerged to accommodate this newfound social diversity, and the accompanying public debates. Each chapter explores particular state responses to cultural diversity, utilizing various disciplinary approaches but addressing common questions: What is “multiculturalism,” and why did it come about? What dilemmas has it posed for liberal-democratic governance? How have these been responded to in theory and practice, and are the different responses adequate? Are there alternative approaches to cultural diversity that have been overlooked? Issues covered include immigration, national minorities, indigenous peoples, nation-state building, liberal-democratic citizenship, constitutionalism, nationalism, group politics, political economy, secularism, globalization, decolonization, and the relationship between social theory and practice. The volume situates modern multiculturalism in its national, international and historical contexts, tracing the historical roots of present dilemmas to the intertwined legacies of imperialism and liberalism. It thereby shows that multiculturalism has implications which stretch beyond its current formulations in both public and academic discourse, casting doubt on basic assumptions behind modern liberal democracy, and even on the viability of the nation-state in its present form. The Editors’ overall conclusion is that reorganizing governance to be more polycentric in structure, and pluralist in orientation, would be a fruitful response to multiculturalism in both theory and practice.
    Keywords: History ; Essays ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Am Beispiel des multiethnischen Küstenlandes Österreich-Ungarn und anhand einer großen und neuen Quellenbasis zeigt Péter Techet eine katholische Kirche, in der die Konflikte auf den sozialen Interessen marginalisierter Schichten beruhen. Das Narrativ einer nationalistisch auseinandergefallenen Habsburgermonarchie wird dadurch infrage gestellt. Gerade in der heutigen Zeit, in der nationale und religiöse Fragen in Europa wieder zunehmend polarisieren, leistet die Studie einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Verständnis national und religiös (miss)verstandener Konfliktsituationen.
    Keywords: Religion ; Christianity ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRC Christianity ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity
    Language: German
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Published in cooperation with the William P. Clements Center for Southwest Studies, Southern Methodist University. In Land of Necessity, historians and anthropologists unravel the interplay of the national and transnational and of scarcity and abundance in the region split by the 1,969-mile boundary line dividing Mexico and the United States. This richly illustrated volume, with more than 100 images including maps, photographs, and advertisements, explores the convergence of broad demographic, economic, political, cultural, and transnational developments resulting in various forms of consumer culture in the borderlands. Though its importance is uncontestable, the role of necessity in consumer culture has rarely been explored. Indeed, it has been argued that where necessity reigns, consumer culture is anemic. This volume demonstrates otherwise. In doing so, it sheds new light on the history of the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, while also opening up similar terrain for scholarly inquiry into consumer culture. The volume opens with two chapters that detail the historical trajectories of consumer culture and the borderlands. In the subsequent chapters, contributors take up subjects including smuggling, tourist districts and resorts, purchasing power, and living standards. Others address home décor, housing, urban development, and commercial real estate, while still others consider the circulation of cinematic images, contraband, used cars, and clothing. Several contributors discuss the movement of people across borders, within cities, and in retail spaces. In the two afterwords, scholars reflect on the U.S.-Mexico borderlands as a particular site of trade in labor, land, leisure, and commodities, while also musing about consumer culture as a place of complex political and economic negotiations. Through its focus on the borderlands, this volume provides valuable insight into the historical and contemporary aspects of the big “isms” shaping modern life: capitalism, nationalism, transnationalism, globalism, and, without a doubt, consumerism. Contributors. Josef Barton, Peter S. Cahn, Howard Campbell, Lawrence Culver, Amy S. Greenberg, Josiah McC. Heyman, Sarah Hill, Alexis McCrossen, Robert Perez, Laura Isabel Serna, Rachel St. John, Mauricio Tenorio-Trillo, Evan R. Ward
    Keywords: History ; United States ; 20th Century ; Social Science ; Sociology ; History ; Latin America ; Mexico ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Imperial Genus begins with the turn to world culture and ideas of the generally human in Japan’s cultural policy in Korea in 1919. How were concepts of the human’s genus-being operative in the discourses of the Japanese empire? How did they inform the imagination and representation of modernity in colonial Korea? Travis Workman delves into these questions through texts in philosophy, literature, and social science. Imperial Genus focuses on how notions of human generality mediated uncertainty between the transcendental and the empirical, the universal and the particular, and empire and colony. It shows how cosmopolitan cultural principles, the proletarian arts, and Pan-Asian imperial nationalism converged with practices of colonial governmentality. It is a genealogy of the various articulations of the human’s genus-being within modern humanist thinking in East Asia, as well as an exploration of the limits of the human as both concept and historical figure. “Imperial Genus is an expansive and erudite study of Culturalism, Marxism, and Japanophone discourses across colonial Korea and imperial Japan. Nothing exists in Korean Studies that is remotely close to the breadth and depth of the scholarship and theoretical sophistication in Travis Workman’s book. It offers three related investigations: the philosophical substrata of modern thought and culture in the colony and Japan proper, their ideological underpinnings and implications, and a thorough reinterpretation of the colonial Korean literary canon from these perspectives.” -JIN-KYUNG LEE, author of Service Economies: Militarism, Sex Work, and Migrant Labor in South Korea “Travis Workman’s compelling arguments take as their point of departure the notion of genus-being. Workman dispenses once and for all with the colonizer/colonized binary, demonstrating brilliantly how intellectuals associated with different movements in both Japan and Korea grapple with the meaning of the human itself as they attempt to think through capitalist modernity.” -THEODORE HUGHES, author of Literature and Film in Cold War South Korea: Freedom’s Frontier TRAVIS WORKMAN is Assistant Professor in the Department of Asian Languages and Literatures at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.
    Keywords: History ; Asia ; Korea ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University College London | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: When Nafir Suriyya—“The Clarion of Syria”—was penned between September 1860 and April 1861, its author Butrus al-Bustani, a major figure in the modern Arabic Renaissance, had witnessed his homeland undergo unprecedented violence in what many today consider Lebanon’s first civil war. Written during Ottoman and European investigations into the causes and culprits of the atrocities, The Clarion of Syria is both a commentary on the politics of state intervention and social upheaval and a set of visions for the future of Syrian society in the wake of conflict. This translation makes a key historical document accessible for the first time to an English audience. Rereading this work in the context of today’s political violence in war-torn Syria and elsewhere in the Arab world helps us gain a critical and historical perspective on sectarianism, class rebellion, foreign invasions, conflict resolution, Western interventionism, and nationalist tropes of reconciliation.  “The first English translation of this foundational text offered alongside a fantastic historical introduction, this is an excellent and much-needed contribution from uniquely qualified scholars.” STEPHEN SHEEHI, author of The Arab Imago  BUTRUS AL-BUSTANI was a nineteenth century Ottoman Arab educator and public intellectual regarded by many as the first Syrian nationalist owing to the publication of his Nafir Suriyya following the 1860 communal disturbances in Mt. Lebanon and Damascus. JENS HANSSEN is Associate Professor of Arab Civilization, Middle Eastern, and Mediterranean History at the University of Toronto. He is author of Fin de Siècle Beirut and coeditor of Arabic Thought beyond the Liberal Age and Arabic Thought against the Authoritarian Age. HICHAM SAFIEDDINE is Assistant Professor of History of the Modern Middle East at King’s College, London. He is author of Banking on the State: The Financial Foundations of Lebanon, cofounder of Al-Akhbar English, and editor of The Legal Agenda English Edition.
    Keywords: History ; Middle East ; General ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Seit der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts wird im politisch-gesellschaftlichen Kontext der eigentlich religiös konnotierte Begriff „Versöhnung“ immer häufiger zur Beschreibung von Konfliktlösungsstrategien benutzt. Doch was bedeutet Versöhnung bezogen auf Politik und Gesellschaft? Welche Faktoren sind relevant für Versöhnungsprozesse? Womit lassen sich Erfolge, aber auch Hindernisse und Rückschläge auf dem Weg der Versöhnung erklären? In dem vorliegenden Band gehen internationale Forscherinnen und Forscher aus Geschichtswissenschaft, Politikwissenschaft, Soziologie und Theologie diesen Fragen nach. In ihren Beiträgen wird Versöhnung auf zwei Ebenen reflektiert. Auf der ersten Ebene handelt es sich um übergreifende Analysen von Faktoren, die Versöhnungsprozesse beeinflussen. Auf der zweiten Ebene werden bestimmte Aspekte von Versöhnungsprozessen an einschlägigen Fallbeispielen aus dem Kontext des deutsch-französischen und russisch-finnischen Verhältnisses, des ehemaligen Jugoslawiens, Süd- und Nordkorea, der DDR und Südafrika veranschaulicht.Alle Beiträge machen deutlich, dass, obwohl unterschiedlichen Versöhnungsprozessen bestimmte Elemente gemeinsam sind, Versöhnung als ein sich dynamisch wandelnder, immer kontextgebundener Aushandlungsprozess erscheint, der multilateral von Akteuren aus Kirchen, Politik und Gesellschaft getragen wird.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: With God, for Fatherland and Humanity is the first comprehensive study of the internationalism of freemasons. It examines, with a focus on Germany, England, France and Italy, how European masonic umbrella associations worked for or against a worldwide organisation of their "brotherhood".
    Keywords: Religion ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRA Religion: general::HRAX History of religion ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRA Religion: general::QRAX History of religion
    Language: German
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: In A Century of Violence in a Red City Lesley Gill provides insights into broad trends of global capitalist development, class disenfranchisement and dispossession, and the decline of progressive politics. Gill traces the rise and fall of the strong labor unions, neighborhood organizations, and working class of Barrancabermeja, Colombia, from their origins in the 1920s to their effective activism for agrarian reforms, labor rights, and social programs in the 1960s and 1970s. Like much of Colombia, Barrancabermeja came to be dominated by alliances of right-wing politicians, drug traffickers, foreign corporations, and paramilitary groups. These alliances reshaped the geography of power and gave rise to a pernicious form of armed neoliberalism. Their violent incursion into Barrancabermeja's civil society beginning in the 1980s decimated the city's social networks, destabilized life for its residents, and destroyed its working-class organizations. As a result, community leaders are now left clinging to the toothless discourse of human rights, which cannot effectively challenge the status quo. In this stark book, Gill captures the grim reality and precarious future of Barrancabermeja and other places ravaged by neoliberalism and violence.
    Keywords: History ; Latin America ; South America ; Social Science ; Sociology ; Urban ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSD Urban communities ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: English
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: In the mid-nineteenth century the British created a landscape of tea plantations in the northeastern Indian region of Assam. The tea industry filled imperial coffers and gave the colonial state a chance to transform a jungle-laden frontier into a cultivated system of plantations. Claiming that local peasants were indolent, the British soon began importing indentured labor from central India. In the twentieth century these migrants were joined by others who came voluntarily to seek their livelihoods. In Empire’s Garden, Jayeeta Sharma explains how the settlement of more than one million migrants in Assam irrevocably changed the region’s social landscape. She argues that the racialized construction of the tea laborer catalyzed a process by which Assam’s gentry sought to insert their homeland into an imagined Indo-Aryan community and a modern Indian political space.
    Keywords: History ; Ahom kingdom ; Assam ; Assamese language ; Bengal ; Bengali language ; India ; Kolkata ; Opium ; Tea
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The fate of cultural property extracted during the Nazi era has increasingly been the subject of provenance research since the 1990s. This volume combines the latest findings of provenance research in libraries and provides contributions to the history of the library during the Nazi era. Provenance research is almost only reported in the media when it concerns valuable works of art. For books, it is relatively difficult: it is mostly about mass-produced goods without great material value and the books have often reached their locations after hard-to-find odysseys. Nevertheless, more and more libraries deal with their Nazi past. Library historian Jürgen Babendreier puts it in a nutshell: "In the robbed books, history comes to life, invisible remembrance continues, historical responsibility becomes present."
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; Germany ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Das frühneuzeitliche Europa ist gekennzeichnet durch eine enorme Zunahme von Mobilität, bedingt durch bessere Verkehrswege und technische Neuerungen seit dem Ausgang des Mittelalters. Religion konnte sich einerseits hemmend auf solche Mobilitätsprozesse auswirken. Andererseits konnten religiöse Beweggründe raumbezogene Mobilität aber auch befördern, ja zum Teil überhaupt erst bewirken. So löste die konfessionelle Spaltung der lateinischen Christenheit und die nachfolgende Konfessionalisierung in den Territorien Migrationsprozesse bisher ungekannter Größe aus, bis hin zur Auswanderung ganzer Glaubensgemeinschaften nach Übersee.Aber auch wirtschaftliche Zwänge, Kriege und Hungersnöte, die Ausübung von Handel und bestimmten Gewerben oder die akademische Ausbildung sowie die adelige Standeserziehung konnten Menschen gleich welchen religiösen Bekenntnisses dazu veranlassen, dauerhaft oder zeitweilig ihren Aufenthaltsort zu wechseln.Beide Phänomene, Religion und Mobilität, sind von der historischen Forschung bislang zumeist getrennt voneinander behandelt worden. Die Konfessionalisierungsforschung hat Religion bislang als Impulsgeber für Mobilität wahrgenommen und dabei den Zusammenhang mit anderen Formen von Mobilität zum Teil vernachlässigt.Die Beiträge des Bandes tragen dazu bei, religions- und migrationsgeschichtliche Ansätze und Fragestellungen zusammenzuführen und enger miteinander zu verzahnen. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage nach dem Stellenwert von Mobilität für die Ausbildung oder Auflösung religiös-konfessioneller Identitäten im frühneuzeitlichen Europa.
    Keywords: Religion ; Christianity ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRC Christianity ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity
    Language: German
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: In der „Sammlung auserlesener Materien zum Bau des Reiches Gottes“ und ihren Fortsetzungsserien, eine der erfolgreichsten pietistischen Zeitschriften des 18. Jahrhunderts, wurden Nachrichten aus aller Welt publiziert, die allesamt die Ausbreitung des Reiches Gottes dokumentieren sollten. In Zeiten von Deismus und Aufklärung, in denen zentrale Fundamente der protestantischen Orthodoxie hinterfragt wurden, sollten diese Nachrichten zeigen, dass Gott noch in der Geschichte wirkt und seine Verheißungen erfüllt. Es waren dies Nachrichten über: die Heidenmission, die Judenmission, den Fall „Babels“ – also den Fall des Papsttums, die Verfolgung von Protestanten, die Verbreitung des Wortes Gottes, obrigkeitliche Verordnungen im Dienste des Reiches Gottes, den Bau von Schul- und Waisenhäusern, den Nachweis des providentiellen Wirkens Gottes in Form von Zeichen und Wundern und zuletzt Erweckungen, die in den 1730/40er Jahren wellenartig die deutschen Länder, England, Schottland und Nordamerika erfassten. Die Erweckungen wurden dabei als kraftvolle Ausgießung des Heiligen Geistes gedeutet. Geschichtstheologische Vorstellungen waren für die Pietisten und Erweckten zentrale Motivationsfaktoren, aktiv an der Ausbreitung des Reiches Gottes mitzuwirken.
    Keywords: Religion ; Christianity ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRC Christianity ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity
    Language: German
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The dictatorship of Rafael Trujillo, who ruled the Dominican Republic from 1930 until his assassination in 1961, was one of the longest and bloodiest in Latin American history. The Dictator’s Seduction is a cultural history of the Trujillo regime as it was experienced in the capital city of Santo Domingo. Focusing on everyday forms of state domination, Lauren Derby describes how the regime infiltrated civil society by fashioning a “vernacular politics” based on popular idioms of masculinity and fantasies of race and class mobility. Derby argues that the most pernicious aspect of the dictatorship was how it appropriated quotidian practices such as gossip and gift exchange, leaving almost no place for Dominicans to hide or resist. Drawing on previously untapped documents in the Trujillo National Archives and interviews with Dominicans who recall life under the dictator, Derby emphasizes the role that public ritual played in Trujillo’s exercise of power. His regime included the people in affairs of state on a massive scale as never before. Derby pays particular attention to how events and projects were received by the public as she analyzes parades and rallies, the rebuilding of Santo Domingo following a major hurricane, and the staging of a year-long celebration marking the twenty-fifth year of Trujillo’s regime. She looks at representations of Trujillo, exploring how claims that he embodied the popular barrio antihero the tíguere (tiger) stoked a fantasy of upward mobility and how a rumor that he had a personal guardian angel suggested he was uniquely protected from his enemies. The Dictator’s Seduction sheds new light on the cultural contrivances of autocratic power.
    Keywords: History ; Latin America ; History ; Caribbean & West Indies ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: English
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: 'In Energy without Conscience' David McDermott Hughes investigates why climate change has yet to be seen as a moral issue. He examines the forces that render the use of fossil fuels ordinary and therefore exempt from ethical evaluation. Hughes centers his analysis on Trinidad and Tobago, which is the world's oldest petro-state, having drilled the first continuously producing oil well in 1866. Marrying historical research with interviews with Trinidadian petroleum scientists, policymakers, technicians, and managers, he draws parallels between Trinidad's eighteenth- and nineteenth-century slave labor energy economy and its contemporary oil industry. Hughes shows how both forms of energy rely upon a complicity that absolves producers and consumers from acknowledging the immoral nature of each. He passionately argues that like slavery, producing oil is a moral choice and that oil is at its most dangerous when it is accepted as an ordinary part of everyday life.
    Keywords: History ; Climate change (general concept) ; Hydrocarbon ; Petroleum ; Port of Spain ; Trinidad ; Trinidad and Tobago ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die historische Forschung zur frühneuzeitlichen jüdischen Fürsprache, die für die Existenz aschkenasischer Gemeinden von herausragender Bedeutung war, beruht bislang häufig auf christlichen Quellen. Die Gemeindeprotokollbücher (hebr. pinkasim) blieben dagegen weitgehend unberücksichtigt. Dabei dokumentieren viele von ihnen ausführlich die diplomatischen Kontakte der Gemeindevorsteher oder der von ihnen ernannten Fürsprecher zu obrigkeitlichen Behörden und Herrschern auf lokaler wie landesweiter Ebene. Die hier erstmals edierten 107 Einträge aus pinkasim von Gemeinden in den Niederlanden, Deutschland, Österreich, Tschechien, Polen und Russland bieten einen repräsentativen Überblick über das Agieren frühneuzeitlicher aschkenasischer Fürsprecher sowie über ihre Handlungsspielräume innerhalb des restriktiven Rechtsrahmens. Die Dokumente werden in ihrer meist hebräischen oder jiddischen Originalsprache mit kommentierten deutschen Übersetzungen sowie ausführlichen Einleitungen präsentiert.
    Keywords: History ; Jewish ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history
    Language: German
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This book adopts a biographical approach to understanding the culture surrounding the Mexico City youth rebellion of the 1960s. Mary Kay Vaughan's chronicle of the life of painter Pepe Zúñiga counters a literature that portrays post-1940 Mexican history as a series of uprisings against state repression, injustice, and social neglect that culminated in the student protests of 1968. Rendering Zúñiga's coming of age on the margins of formal politics, Vaughan depicts midcentury Mexico City as a culture of growing prosperity, state largesse, and a vibrant, transnationally-informed public life that produced a multifaceted youth movement brimming with creativity and criticism of convention. By discussing the influences that shaped Zuniga's worldview, she historicizes the process of subject formation and shows how doing so offers new perspectives on the events of 1968.
    Keywords: History ; Mexico ; Mexico City ; Oaxaca ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2021-12-24
    Description: Virtuous Waters is a pathbreaking and innovative study of bathing, drinking and other everyday engagements with a wide range of waters across five centuries in Mexico. Casey Walsh uses political ecology to bring together an analysis of shifting scientific, religious and political understandings of waters and a material history of social formations, environments, and infrastructures. The book shows that while modern concepts and infrastructures have come to dominate both the hydrosphere and the scholarly literature on water, longstanding popular understandings and engagements with these heterogeneous liquids have been reproduced as part of the same process. Attention to these dynamics can help us comprehend and confront the water crisis that is coming to a head in the twenty-first century.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Anthropology ; General ; Science ; Earth Sciences ; General ; History ; Historical Geography ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBT History: specific events & topics::HBTP Historical geography
    Language: English
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  • 86
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This collection explores how Christian individuals and institutions combined the topics of faith and national identity in twentieth-century Europe. “National identity” is understood in a broad sense that includes discourses of citizenship, narratives of cultural or linguistic belonging, or “national” characteristics. It considers various geographical contexts, and takes into account processes of cross-national exchange and transfer. It shows how national and denominational identities were often mutually constitutive, at times leading to a strongly exclusionary stance against “other” national or religious groups. In different circumstances, religiously minded thinkers critiqued nationalism, emphasising the universalist strains of their faith, with varying degrees of success. Throughout the century church officials and lay Christians have had to come to terms with the relationship between their national and “European” identities within the processes of Europeanisation.
    Keywords: History ; Christianity ; history of religion ; nationalism ; 20th-century ; Europe ; Catholic Church ; Martin Niemöller ; Protestantism ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Die nordwestdeutschen Fürstbischöfe (Köln, Münster, Osnabrück, Paderborn und Hildesheim) bewegten sich in einem komplexen Bedingungsgefüge zwischen landesherrlicher Stellung, reichsfürstlicher Position, geistlichem Amt und der Familie. Die Arbeit zeigt, dass viele der Bischöfe ihr geistliches Amt durchaus ernst nahmen und persönlich weihten, firmten oder ihr Bistum visitierten. Deutlich wird aber auch, wo die Grenzen der persönlichen Ausübung des bischöflichen Amtes lagen und welche Konstellationen die persönliche Amtsausübung begünstigten und welche sie eher behinderten. Damit wird die bisherige Annahme, die geistlichen Fürsten überließen ihre geistlichen Aufgaben vollständig ihren Weihbischöfen und konzentrierten sich allein auf ihre fürstliche Stellung, überwunden. Bettina Braun untersucht erstmals systematisch und vergleichend zentrale Bereiche des fürstbischöflichen Handelns, ohne deren Kenntnis man den Fürstbischöfen in der Endphase des Alten Reichs nicht gerecht werden kann.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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    Duke University Press | Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Beginning in the 1870s, a great many Bretons began arriving in Paris. Every age has its pariahs, and in 1900, the “pariahs of Paris” were the Bretons, the last distinct group of provincials to come en masse to the capital city. The pariah designation took hold in Paris, in Brittany, and among historians. Yet the derision of recent migrants can be temporary. Tracing the changing status of Bretons in Paris since 1870, Leslie Page Moch demonstrates that state policy, economic trends, and the attitudes of established Parisians and Breton newcomers evolved as the fortunes of Bretons in the capital improved. Drawing on demographic records and the writings of physicians, journalists, novelists, lawyers, and social scientists, Moch connects internal migration with national integration. As the pariahs of yesterday, Bretons are an example of successful integration into Parisian life. At the same time, their experiences show integration to be a complicated and lengthy process.
    Keywords: History ; Bécassine ; Breton language ; Bretons ; Brittany ; Côtes-d'Armor ; France ; Paris ; Saint-Denis ; Seine-Saint-Denis ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Sport was an integral part of life in camps during the twentieth century, even in Nazi concentrations camps or in the Soviet Gulag. Traditionally perceived as a symbol of equality, play, and peacefulness, sport under such unexpected circumstances irritates most observers, back then and today. This volume studies the irritating fact of sport in penal and internment camps as an important insight into the history of camps. The authors enquire into case studies of sport being played in different forms of camps around the globe and throughout the twentieth century. They challenge our understanding of camps, question the dichotomy of insiders and outsiders, inner-camp hierarchies, and the everyday experience of violence. This fresh perspective complements the existing camp studies and gives way for the subjectivity of camp inmates and their action.
    Keywords: History ; National Socialism ; Sports ; Concentration Camps ; Humanities ; History ; Sports and Outdoor Recreation ; HIS043000 ; HIS022000 ; Holocaust ; Jewish ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTZ Genocide and ethnic cleansing::NHTZ1 The Holocaust ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history::NHWR Specific wars and campaigns::NHWR7 Second World War ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999::3MPB Early 20th century c 1900 to c 1950::3MPBL c 1940 to c 1949
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: China's relation to Taiwan has been in constant contention since the founding of the People's Republic of China in October 1949 and the creation of the defeated Kuomintang (KMT) exile regime on the island two months later. The islands autonomous sovereignty has continually been challenged, initially because of the KMT's insistence that it continue to represent not just Taiwan but all of China and later because Taiwan refused to cede sovereignty to the then-dominant power that had arisen on the other side of the Taiwan Strait. One thing that makes Taiwan so politically difficult and yet so intellectually fascinating is that it is not merely a security problem, but a ganglion of interrelated puzzles. The optimistic hope of the Ma Ying-jeou administration for a new era of peace and cooperation foundered on a landslide victory by the Democratic Progressive Party, which has made clear its intent to distance Taiwan from China's political embrace. The Taiwanese are now waiting with bated breath as the relationship tautens. Why did detente fail, and what chance does Taiwan have without it? Contributors to this volume focus on three aspects of the evolving quandary: nationalistic identity, social economy, and political strategy.
    Keywords: History ; General ; History ; Asia ; General ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJF Asian history
    Language: English
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  • 91
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2021-09-21
    Description: This book provides the first overview of the history and development of Islam in Afghanistan. Written by leading international experts, chapters cover every era from the conversion of Afghanistan through the medieval period to the present day. Based on primary sources in Arabic, Persian, Pashto, Uzbek, and Urdu, its depth of coverage is unrivalled in providing a developmental picture of Afghanistan’s Islam, including such issues as the rise of Sufism, women’s religiosity, state religious policies, and transnational Islamism. Looking beyond the unifying rhetoric of theology, the book reveals the disparate and contested forms of Afghanistan’s Islam. “Islam in Afghanistan has long been viewed as static and uniform, but this fine collection demonstrates that it has been far more contested and dynamic over the centuries than either Afghans or outside observers have realized. This book opens a door to that history to reveal a religious tradition that has constantly adapted itself to changing intellectual currents, local cultural beliefs, and political upheavals.” -THOMAS BARFIELD, Boston University “A pathbreaking book that challenges us to think in new and more sophisticated ways about Islam in Afghanistan, in the past as well as in the present. It is essential reading for anyone seeking to go beyond stereotyped images of a monolithic and timeless Islam in Afghanistan and in other Muslim societies.” -ROBERT D. CREWS, Stanford University NILE GREEN is Professor of South Asian and Islamic History at the University of California, Los Angeles. He is the author of Sufism: A Global History and Terrains of Exchange: Religious Economies of Global Islam.
    Keywords: Religion ; Islam ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRH Islam
    Language: English
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Conflicted Antiquities is a rich cultural history of European and Egyptian interest in ancient Egypt and its material culture, from the early nineteenth century until the mid-twentieth. Consulting the relevant Arabic archives, Elliott Colla demonstrates that the emergence of Egyptology—the study of ancient Egypt and its material legacy—was as consequential for modern Egyptians as it was for Europeans. The values and practices introduced by the new science of archaeology played a key role in the formation of a new colonial regime in Egypt. This fact was not lost on Egyptian nationalists, who challenged colonial archaeologists with the claim that they were the direct heirs of the Pharaohs, and therefore the rightful owners and administrators of ancient Egypt’s historical sites and artifacts. As this dispute developed, nationalists invented the political and expressive culture of “Pharaonism”—Egypt’s response to Europe’s Egyptomania.
    Keywords: History ; Egyptology ; Arabic ; European ; Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKD Archaeology by period / region ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBA Ancient World::1QBAE Ancient Egypt
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of Illinois Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Situated at the disciplinary boundary between prehistory and history, this book presents a new synthesis of Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age Greece, from the rise and fall of Mycenaean civilization to the emergence of city-states in the Archaic period. These centuries saw the growth and decline of varied political systems and the development of networks across local, regional, and Mediterranean scales. As a groundbreaking study of landscape, interaction, and sociopolitical change, Societies in Transition in Early Greece systematically bridges the divide between the Mycenaean period and the Archaic Greek world to shed new light on an often-overlooked period of world history. “This book reconfigures our understanding of early Greece on a regional level, beyond Mycenaean ‘palaces’ and across temporal boundaries. Alex Knodell’s sophisticated arguments enable a fresh reading of the emergence of early Greek polities, revealing the microregions that put to the test overarching ‘Mediterranean’ models. His detailed study makes a convincing return to a comparative framework, integrating a ‘small world’ network and its trajectory with the larger picture of ancient complex societies.” SARAH MORRIS, Steinmetz Professor of Classical Archaeology and Material Culture, University of California, Los Angeles “A comprehensive, thoughtful treatment of the time period before the crystallization of the ancient Greek city states.” WILLIAM A. PARKINSON, Curator and Professor, The Field Museum and University of Illinois at Chicago “An important and must-read account. The strength of this book lies in its close analysis of the important different regional characteristics and evolutionary trajectories of Greece as it transforms into the Archaic and, later, the Classical world.” DAVID B. SMALL, author Ancient Greece: Social Structure and Evolution
    Keywords: Archaeology ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    University of California Press | University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: In Mountain, Water, Rock, God, Luke Whitmore situates the disastrous flooding that fell on the Hindu Himalayan shrine of Kedarnath in 2013 within its broader religious and ecological contexts. For centuries, the enmeshing of Shiva with the Himalayan environment has animated how Hindus conceptualize and experience Kedarnath. The floods publicly affirmed the fundamentally Himalayan and Shiva-oriented character of this place. At the same time, the floods made it clear that the patterns of commercialization, development, and regulation of recent decades in Uttarakhand, patterns that arose in response to new statehood and an influx of middle-class pilgrims and tourists, were starkly out of place. People connected to Kedarnath today therefore understand both the floods and the recent short-sighted development that multiplied the impact of the floods both as the natural consequence of human fault and as an indication of a growing disconnect with the Himalayan environment and its resident divine powers. Whitmore explores the longer story of this powerful realm of Shiva through a holistic theoretical perspective that integrates phenomenological and systems-based approaches to the study of religion, pilgrimage, place, and ecology by thinking about Kedarnath as a place that is experienced as an ecosocial system characterized by complexity. He argues that close attention to places of religious significance offers a portable theoretical model for thinking through connections between ritual, narrative, climate change, tourism, religion, development, and disaster, and shows how these critical components of human life in the twenty-first century intersect in the human experience of place.
    Keywords: Religion ; Antiquities & Archaeology ; History ; Asia ; General ; Nature ; General ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRA Religion: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJF Asian history ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WN Natural history ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRA Religion: general ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Mit der Durchsetzung der Nationalstaatsidee seit dem ausgehenden 18. Jahrhundert geriet die traditionelle jüdische Gemeinschaft in Europa in eine Krise. Die jüdische Gemeindeautonomie wurde sukzessive abgeschafft, die Juden sollten jedes ethnische Bewusstsein ablegen und sich nur noch als »Glaubensgemeinschaft« verstehen. Während ein Teil der aufgeklärten jüdischen Elite daraufhin das Judentum in eine reine »Religion« zu transformieren versuchte, stellten andere dieser Reduktion bewusst ethnische Konzeptionen gegenüber. Die Studie untersucht die Entstehung dieser modernen jüdischen Ethnizität in Frankreich und Deutschland.
    Keywords: History ; Judaistik, Geschichte der Neuzeit ; Judaistik ; Geschichte der Neuzeit ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history
    Language: German
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    Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: The academic field of Dalit studies is relatively new, emerging since the 1990s in South Asia and in diasporic communities. Dalit intellectuals theorize Indian historiography and social sciences through the lenses of humiliation and dignity, pointing to the painful history of Dalit groups (formerly called untouchables) and the contemporary perpetuation of caste inequality. As part of a challenge to high-caste Hindu intelligentsia with privileged upbringings, DALIT STUDIES includes a high proportion of Dalit scholars from non-elite social and institutional backgrounds. Contributors analyze the work of Dalit activists across colonial and postcolonial periods, countering a tradition of viewing them as passive victims and objects of reform. This title was made Open Access by libraries from around the world through Knowledge Unlatched.
    Keywords: History ; History ; Caste ; Caste system in India ; Chamar ; Dalit ; Hinduism ; India ; Sikhism ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography
    Language: English
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: How did the Greeks respond to the experiences of uncertainty that they so acutely made in the aftermath of Alexander the Great's world-changing conquest of the Persian Empire? How were old values upheld and reshaped? And how did the societies of Greek cities and royal courts accommodate the overwhelming newfound power of Greek individuals? By developing a custom methodology, this book tries to shed new light on the complex textuality of the period of the Diadochi, the successors of Alexander. In four case studies, new readings are presented of Theophrastus Characters and Xenophon's Cyropaedia, but also of the substantial early Hellenistic anecdotal material, as well as the Colossus of Rhodes. The studies are united by an interest in how these texts cast the relationships between individuals and how they constructed various media of interrelation, such as money, friendship, women and the divine. Reading these texts on these terms reveals how values were renegotiated through paradoxes and inverted stories that subtly reshaped the utopias of the 4th century BCE. Overall, the study's hypothesis is that this particular brand of social storytelling contributed to the stabilisation of the nascent Hellenistic world by providing new visions of society capable of accommodating individual power and offering a new sense of control and place.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; Renaissance ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: English
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  • 98
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Das Buch untersucht Religion auf dem Balkan am Beispiel serbisch-orthodoxer Gemeinschaften in der Herzegowina – in einer überwiegend gebirgigen, ländlichen und religiös vielfältigen Region. Hier lebte man religiösen Glauben im 19. Jahrhundert vor allem in den Familien. Geistliche und die Kirchenorganisation spielten nur eine untergeordnete, nicht selten ungeliebte Rolle. Erst die gesellschaftlichen Modernisierungen ab der zweiten Hälfte des Jahrhunderts, vor allem durch die habsburgische Verwaltung ab 1878, formten Religion zu einem von kirchlichen Institutionen geprägten und konfessionell klar abgegrenzten Gesellschaftssystem. Dadurch gerieten zum einen die Verhältnisse innerhalb der Glaubensgemeinschaft in Bewegung und wurden teils heftig ausgetragen – zwischen Laien, Geistlichen, der Kirchenleitung und dem Staat. Zum anderen veränderten sich aber auch die interreligiösen Beziehungen und wurden stärker normiert und seltener situativ ausgehandelt.Religion war von grundlegender Bedeutung für imperiale Herrschaft, nicht zuletzt als Gegengewicht zu nationalen Bestrebungen. Im Falle der Serben wirkte dabei imperial geregelte Religion über ihre Organisationen und ihre Geistlichen fördernd für die Nationalbewegung. Habsburg reagierte daher seit Beginn des Ersten Weltkriegs mit harter Repression gegen serbisch-orthodoxe Priester, kirchliche Laien und Kircheninstitutionen. Für die häufige Verschmelzung von Religion und Nation spielten in Südosteuropa gerade die großen Reiche eine entscheidende Rolle.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; General ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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  • 99
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2023-07-19
    Description: Dieses Buch schreibt die Geschichte der litauischen Erinnerungskultur auf eine neue und unkonventionelle Art und Weise. Durch den Fokus auf die Geschichte der Gedenkstätten und Denkmale des Zweiten Weltkrieges werden vielfältige Akteure, Erinnerungspraktiken und historische Diskurse umfassend ausgeleuchtet. Hatten die ersten Kriegsdenkmale und Museen die Funktion, auf die Präsenz der Sowjetmacht hinzuweisen, wurde in den 1960er Jahren das Motiv des litauischen Heldenmutes und Widerstandes zentral. Diese Nationalisierung des Widerstandes ging auf Kosten der jüdischen Untergrundkämpfer; und auch für jüdische Opfer der Massenvernichtung während der deutschen Besatzung war in der sowjetischen Erinnerungspolitik kaum Platz. Nach dem politischen Umbruch und der Wiedererlangung der Staatssouveränität im Jahr 1990 bekam die »erlebte« Geschichte – und vor allem die Erfahrung der Opfer des stalinistischen Terrors – einen zentralen Platz in der öffentlichen Geschichtspräsentation. Fast alle Erinn
    Keywords: History ; History of Eastern Europe ; Contemporary History ; Osteuropäische Geschichte ; Zeitgeschichte (ab 1949)
    Language: German
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  • 100
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    Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Die Bevölkerungsgröße wurde erst im Laufe der Frühen Neuzeit zu einem Thema der Politik. Politische Theoretiker in Deutschland übernahmen um 1600 die in Italien entwickelte Vorstellung, der Staat müsse sich um die Bevölkerungsentwicklung kümmern. Die Forderung nach einer expansiven Bevölkerungspolitik kam somit schon vor den Verwüstungen des Dreißigjährigen Krieges auf. Diese zuerst in gelehrten Werken vertretene Idee setzte sich im Laufe des 17. Jahrhunderts immer mehr durch und wurde zu einem Kernbestand des Kameralismus. Daraus entwickelte sich schließlich der Populationismus des 18. Jahrhunderts, der eine mit allen Mitteln forcierte Bevölkerungsvergrößerung forderte und den Erfolg jeglicher Politik allein am demografischen Wachstum maß. Justus Nipperdey erforscht mit seiner Arbeit erstmals die Entstehung des bevölkerungspolitischen Konzepts im Italien des 16. Jahrhunderts, seine Übernahme in die politische Theorie im Alten Reich und seine Verbreitung von den gelehrten lateinischen Politikkompendien in deutschsprachige Traktate.
    Keywords: History ; Europe ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: German
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