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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Each year, the world burns an area of forest and natural vegetation equivalent to that of Europe. Climate, human activities and vegetation are the three main factors that control fires and sometimes modify their behaviour and even their danger. The danger is therefore increasing in certain "hot spots" around the world where most fires are concentrated, particularly with the development of mega-fires. However, the millennia-old history of fires in the world teaches us that fire is a natural process that is essential for the maintenance of many ecosystems and species. In many countries, it is also an ally in cultivating the land. The effects of fire can therefore be dramatic, but also beneficial. There is little literature on fire on a global scale. Aimed at decision-makers as well as a wider public, this book, illustrated with numerous examples, is a synthesis of current knowledge on the ecology of fire and its geography. It suggests that it is possible to live sustainably with fire provided that we adapt and manage landscapes intelligently, in order to reduce the risk of fire while preserving biodiversity.
    Keywords: land use planning ; biodiversity ; climate ; sustainable development ; ecology ; ecosystem ; forest fire ; geography ; landscape ; natural hazard ; vegetation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKF Fire protection and safety ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKF Fire protection and safety
    Language: French
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  • 2
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    Publication Date: 2023-11-16
    Description: Torrential hydraulics occupies an intermediate position between classical fluvial hydraulics and soil and rock mechanics (ground movements); it uses concepts common to fluvial hydraulics, sometimes departing from them. Published in 1992, this book sets out the problems specific to torrent hydraulics, describing the particular phenomenon of debris flow through a qualitative description of a famous debris-flowing torrent and its workings. Shifts in meaning also affect certain concepts when moving from river hydraulics to torrential hydraulics: viscosity and concentration are more complex to use in torrential hydraulics. New theories are then presented: fluid mechanics-type research work that tackles the problem of which model to apply to which torrential flow, starting with knowledge of the behavior law (rheology) and ending with knowledge of the flow law. Many of the tools developed by researchers are still far from being directly applicable to engineering problems, apart from physical scale models. This study then focuses on methods that can be used by people in the field: we will no longer talk about behavior laws and velocity profiles, but only about average velocities. This change in the level of our approach will enable us to use the few existing field measurements, which until now have only concerned the global parameters of torrential flows. A book for students and teachers with a scientific background in classical hydraulics.
    Keywords: development;technical consulting;river;dyke;freshwater;energy;hydrology;flooding;modeling;water resource;technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology & the hydrosphere
    Language: French
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: As part of the Ecophyto II+ plan, INRAE and Ifremer were entrusted in 2020 with the task of conducting a collective scientific assessment on the impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The results, released in May 2022, confirm that all types of terrestrial and aquatic environments, all of their compartments and most of the organisms found there are contaminated by plant protection products. Contamination varies according to the distance from the areas where the products are used, mainly in agriculture. It has direct and indirect impacts on ecosystems, in particular the decline of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrate and bird populations, as well as the alteration of ecosystem functions and services. Different levers contribute to mitigating contamination and its impacts, with varying effectiveness depending on their combination (regulations, conditions of use of products, etc.). This expertise identifies research needs, in particular to better understand dynamic phenomena in a context of multiple pressures on the environment. The aim is to characterise and predict the impacts and to improve the procedures for assessing the risks associated with the use of plant protection products. This book is intended for all actors and decision-makers concerned by the use of plant protection products, whether they are involved in the legal, political, industrial or associative fields, or in research or teaching.
    Keywords: agriculture ; agronomy ; watershed ; biodiversity ; contamination ; river ; sustainable development ; water ; seawater ; freshwater ; ecology ; ecosystem ; environment ; flora ; risk management ; herbicide ; plant protection ; animal pathology ; pesticide ; public policy ; pollution ; plant production ; toxicology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution and threats to the environment ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution and threats to the environment
    Language: French
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  • 4
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    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: Faced with the ecological imperative, how have public action and professional and citizen practices been positioned and reconfigured in France in the fields of urban planning and architecture since the 2000s? How have the injunctions of sustainable development and ecological transition been translated into public policies, mediation mechanisms and project situations? This book analyses, from a comprehensive and critical perspective, the political, professional, citizen, scientific and media spheres that have mobilised and interacted to negotiate this societal shift. It describes the tensions that have arisen between an approach to the ecological city that is still marked by normative and productivist logics, and another based on the idea of sobriety and the capacity of the citizen-inhabitant to control the transformation of his or her living environment. In an economic context strongly influenced by neo-liberal logics, it questions the very notion of 'factory' which has progressively replaced that of production in the fields of urban transformation since the beginning of the third millennium. This book brings together articles by a group of researchers - sociologists, geographers, urban planners, architects - who are members of different scientific laboratories in France and who have actively contributed to this reflection. It is intended for academics and students of architecture, urban planning or urban engineering, as well as for practitioners and actors in charge of developing ecological urban policies.
    Keywords: planning ; land use ; climate ; sustainable development ; ecology ; environment ; urban space ; land ; inhabitant ; Ile de France ; landscape ; public policy ; prospective ; regulation ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RP Regional & area planning::RPC Urban & municipal planning
    Language: French
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  • 5
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: In the South, access to land and its resources, its control and its uses are crucial issues. At the heart of the challenges of state-building, agricultural development, food security and environmental sustainability, land is also a marker of identity and a recurrent source of conflict. Over the past twenty years, a great deal of research has renewed knowledge on these issues. In a processual and multidisciplinary approach, this book offers an overview of rural land dynamics in the South. Based on a very rich international bibliography, it deals with the main themes related to land issues: from local practices and dynamics (evolution of land rights, land markets, conflicts, etc.) to public policies (agrarian reforms, programmes for the formalisation of land rights), including issues of method and land expertise. Each chapter proposes a critical dialogue between the questions, the categories of analysis and the results of the research. This book is a unique reference tool for students, researchers and development practitioners who wish to deepen their understanding of land tenure dynamics in contemporary rural areas.
    Keywords: Africa ; agriculture ; land use ; Latin America ; Asia ; economic development ; environment ; land ; geography ; market ; public policy ; food security ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPV Political control and freedoms::JPVH Human rights, civil rights ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management::RNFF Food security and supply
    Language: French
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Let's ask the question around us: "Why don't people change?" The answer will most often be: "because they are too attached to their privileges, traditions, achievements, relationships, cultures, lands, etc. They will never change! They will never change!" This theory that attachment prevents change is common sense. However, for many years, researchers who study the concept of attachment, and in particular attachment to place, have shown that this theory is not validated. On the contrary, attachment can provide security to individuals and support change. This book is based on lessons learned from the literature, as well as on transdisciplinary theoretical and methodological proposals. It is the result of interactions between researchers from different disciplines working in France, the UK, South Africa and Senegal. Reading this book will invite, stimulate and guide students, researchers, decision-makers, users, or anyone involved in processes of change in social and ecological systems in taking into account attachments and affective relationships to accompany transitions.
    Keywords: human activity ; decision support ; spatial planning ; climate ; sustainable development ; rural development ; ecology ; environment ; inhabitant ; public policy ; sociolog ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBA Social theory
    Language: French
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  • 7
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: As in other parts of the world, agriculture in Europe is not sustainable. It must urgently and importantly evolve. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) must foster this evolution. In that perspective, this book draws the contours of an ambitious CAP that would facilitate the necessary agro-ecological transition of agricultural systems in the European Union. The book is divided into three parts. The economic aspects are the subject of the first part. The climate, environmental and health dimensions are addressed in the second part. The third part deals with rural development and innovation. With the exception of the first chapter, which provides a brief history of the CAP, the different chapters are organized according to the same structure. They begin with a description of the issue; they continue with a critical presentation of how the issue has been considered within the CAP to date and, if relevant, in other public policies; they finally propose policy recommendations to better address the issue. Each chapter can be read independently. Even if the disciplines and skills mobilized cover a broad spectrum, the general framework of analysis is that of public economics. This reading key is used both to justify the objectives of the CAP and to define the policy instruments to be implemented in order to achieve these objectives in the most efficient way. The concluding chapter addresses three aspects: first, an analysis of the global coherence of our recommendations, including in terms of their links with other policies than the CAP; second, a critical reading of the June 2021 agreement for the 2023-2027 CAP in the light of our recommendations; third, a reading of our recommendations in the light of the ambition of the European Green Deal for agriculture and food. This book is aimed at all actors interested in the future of the CAP and more generally of agriculture in the European Union: policy makers, agricultural stakeholders, non-governmental organizations, researchers, teachers and students.
    Keywords: innovation ; agriculture ; biodiversity ; climate ; trade ; sustainable development ; ecology ; Europe ; CAP ; public policy ; health ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNK Environment, transport and planning law: general::LNKF Agricultural law ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNK Environment, transport and planning law: general::LNKF Agricultural law
    Language: French
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  • 8
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    Publication Date: 2023-11-16
    Description: In France and around the world, there's a growing trend towards board games for agriculture and landscaping. Most of the time, this craze is the result of isolated initiatives, successful or not, based on trial and error. Their design can pose a number of problems for novices. This guide proposes to capitalize on this experience to support the design, animation and evaluation of new games in the fields of agriculture and landscape management. The social environment is at the heart of the guide, as the driving force behind the game and the learning, attitudinal changes and actions it generates. The authors propose a highly operational method for designing a game based on an agricultural or landscape issue, ranging from theoretical concepts to the evaluation of the object created. Each chapter includes a detailed case study to help you understand the design process. The authors' decades of experience have gone into the formalization of this methodology, so that this guide can be used in the field by as many novice designers as possible.
    Keywords: agriculture;decision support;regional planning;landscape;forecasting;research;sociology;development ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RP Regional & area planning ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RP Regional & area planning::RPG Rural planning
    Language: French
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The notion of environmental justice is emerging in the face of evidence of differential access to environmental resources and unequal distribution of environmental risks affecting certain social groups. Often addressed in research in the North, the analysis of criteria of justice or injustice associated with the environment, such as access to water, mineral extraction or the recognition of local communities, has been little studied in Africa. However, many African territories are undergoing unbridled development to accompany their strong growth and to respond to development issues that affect the environment of the local populations. The theoretical, methodological and empirical contributions presented in this book make it possible to identify the issues of environmental justice beyond the traditional perspectives. They show how the historicity of the relations of domination between different types of actors in Africa is a determining variable in the understanding of the notion of justice. This book is intended for researchers interested in socio-environmental justice issues in the South, for NGOs fighting against these injustices, for students of social sciences and spatial planning, and for donors financing infrastructures and confronted with the growing opposition of local or international actors.
    Keywords: human activity ; Africa ; farmer ; agriculture ; planning ; land use ; anthropology ; biodiversity ; contamination ; river ; waste ; sustainable development ; economic development ; rural development ; water ; drinking water ; ecosystem ; environment ; farming ; land ; risk management ; inhabitant ; history ; justice ; migration ; natural park ; pollution ; prevention ; water resource ; health ; sociology ; soil ; labour ; vegetation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues
    Language: French
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: Many of the world's large lakes are, in fact, not large enough to cope with the uses to which they are put by human activities, as they have been going on for over a century. The limits of these continental-scale macro-ecosystems are reflected in a whole series of pathologies that affect them and are accompanied by a deterioration in the ecosystem services provided: fishing, water supply, self-purification, dilution of pollution, cultural and recreational services, etc. In addition, all of the tensions involved are now exercised in a context of multi-stress due to climate change. The "large lake" size, inertia and complexity with which it endows the systems concerned, results in new conditions of exposure and responses, difficult to integrate in terms of management. The book offers a multidisciplinary analysis of various restoration experiments carried out on large lakes around the world (successes and failures). Rich in lessons on the safeguarding and preservation of the world's lake heritage, this study opens up avenues of reflection on the future ecological challenges to be met in order to prepare the "lake-watershed-society" systems for the new situation, in terms of climate and pollution. This book is intended for students, teachers and researchers, lake managers, as well as the general public interested in the preservation and restoration of large lakes.
    Keywords: human activity ; algae ; watershed ; biodiversity ; climate ; contamination ; economic development ; water ; freshwater ; ecosystem ; hydrology ; lake ; pesticide ; fish farming ; public policy ; pollution ; prevention ; sediment ; stress ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology::PSPF Freshwater biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest::WNCS Wildlife: aquatic creatures: general interest::WNCS2 Freshwater life: general interest
    Language: French
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  • 11
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The advent of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides has enabled farmers to free themselves from environmental constraints that limit yields, and has been accompanied by a simplification of agricultural plots and landscapes. The environmental and health impacts of this dominant model, as well as its interrelations with climate change and the erosion of biodiversity, are now well established by the scientific community. Society is increasingly demanding a form of agriculture that meets food needs while respecting the environment and human health, but the transition of farming systems is insufficiently underway. The lack of effective alternatives to synthetic pesticides to protect crops is cited as one of the reasons for this inertia. This collective scientific appraisal takes stock of crop protection strategies based on plant diversification in agricultural plots and landscapes, and analyzes the obstacles and levers to their deployment. It is part of the ""Research-Innovation"" axis of the Écophyto 2+ plan, which supports the production of the knowledge and tools needed to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides. The book is aimed at teachers, researchers and students, as well as players in the agricultural world, land managers, environmental organizations and associations, and any citizen interested in these issues.
    Keywords: agriculture;organic farming;agronomy;decision support;land use planning;biodiversity;sustainable development;ecology;environment;farm;fallow land;biological control;pest management;plant pathology;grazing;landscape;pesticide;public policy;plant production;regulation;cropping system;vegetation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVK Agronomy and crop production
    Language: French
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  • 12
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    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: The development of offshore wind energy is currently under debate. The possible detrimental effects of noise pollution on marine life are a legitimate concern for civil society, industry and political bodies. This book, which brings together experts from various disciplines, reviews the scientific knowledge on the acoustic impact of offshore wind projects on marine fauna and the methods to reduce it. It is written in the context of the expected development of marine renewable energy (MRE) projects and focuses on the impact of noise from offshore works for the construction, operation and dismantling of offshore wind turbines on various compartments of marine fauna (marine mammals, fish, invertebrates, birds and turtles) This book is intended for impact study professionals, researchers, students, MRE industrialists, as well as territorial managers and members of nature protection associations.
    Keywords: human activity ; energy ; environment ; wildlife ; seabed ; risk management ; shellfish ; oceanography ; fisheries ; public policy ; pollution ; prevention ; fisheries resource ; sonar ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities::KNBT Alternative & renewable energy industries
    Language: French
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Family-run ruminant grazing systems in the Mediterranean and tropical areas contribute directly to eight of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. For a long time, these livestock systems have been on the fringe of agricultural investment efforts. However, they have undeniable assets to meet these SDGs in interaction with other forms of livestock production systems present in the territories. But they also face a set of constraints that call into question their continuity. The interdisciplinary synthesis presented here aims to answer three key questions: How can the adaptive capacities of these grazing livestock systems be strengthened to respond to climatic, social and economic changes? How to improve their efficiency at different levels of organisation and on social, economic and environmental levels? Finally, how can these livestock systems contribute to innovation processes for the agro-ecological transition? This book is based on recently published research by UMR Selmet (CIRAD-INRAE-Institut Agro) on a variety of sites around the world and in a broad international partnership. It is intended for the teaching and scientific community, students, and stakeholders in the livestock sector and in the territories, who are involved at different decision-making levels.
    Keywords: sustainable development ; agriculture ; spatial planning ; livestock ; Mediterranean ; climate ; tropics ; grazing ; stics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture
    Language: French
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: In a context where we are increasingly able to detect and quantify contaminants and highlight their effects on organisms, what can ecotoxicology contribute today? A better understanding of the problems linked to contaminants, which could lead to overprotective measures? Or a better understanding of the mechanisms and processes involved to better manage the ecotoxicity of substances in the environment? This book addresses the major current approaches in ecotoxicology through open questions that readers who are curious to learn more about this discipline or, more generally, who are concerned about environmental issues, may ask themselves. The answers to these questions provide an overview of the main notions of ecotoxicology and the main associated concepts, and explain the changes that have transformed the traditional approaches to this science into a more holistic approach that takes into account the complexity of real-life conditions. Focusing on ecotoxicological processes and mechanisms enables the causal relationships between the presence and ecotoxicity of contaminants to be addressed, both in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The pursuit of progress in ecotoxicological science is now a major challenge in accounting for the relationship between health and the environment (Eco-Health concept).
    Keywords: contamination ; sustainable development ; water ; freshwater ; ecology ; ecotechnology ; environment ; fauna ; flora ; pollution ; health ; soil ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: French
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Viruses continue to fascinate and frighten us because of their pathogenic nature for plants and animals. In the seas and oceans, they are major players in the functioning of ecosystems. Viruses are the smallest, most abundant and most diverse biological entity known to date in the marine environment, where they perform multiple functions. In addition to their role in cell death and the redistribution of matter, viruses are also a powerful vector for the evolution of their hosts and represent a major source of genetic diversity, rich in discoveries for fundamental and applied research. This book aims to shed light on an invisible biological community that is essential to understanding and explaining the functioning of the oceans. The authors, specialists in the ecology and evolution of aquatic viruses, show how viruses regulate the microbial ecosystems at the base of the ocean's food chains and how their action could, if necessary, affect the climate. This book is intended for students of life and earth sciences, teachers, researchers and academics, as well as for the general public interested in the subject of viruses and oceans.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest::WNCS Wildlife: aquatic creatures: general interest::WNCS1 Sea life and the seashore: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology and the hydrosphere::RBKC Oceanography (seas and oceans) ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest::WNCS Wildlife: aquatic creatures: general interest::WNCS1 Sea life and the seashore: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology and the hydrosphere::RBKC Oceanography (seas and oceans)
    Language: French
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Family-run ruminant pasture farms in Mediterranean and tropical territories contribute directly to eight of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. For a long time, these farms have been on the fringe of agricultural investment efforts. However, they have undeniable assets for meeting these SDGs in interaction with other forms of livestock farming present in the territories. However, they also face a number of constraints that call into question their sustainability. The interdisciplinary synthesis presented here aims to answer three key questions: How can the adaptive capacities of these livestock farms be strengthened to respond to climatic, social and economic changes? How can their efficiency be improved at different levels of organisation and at social, economic and environmental levels? Finally, how can these farms contribute to innovation processes for the agro-ecological transition? This book is based on research recently published by the UMR Selmet (CIRAD-INRAE-Institut Agro) on a variety of sites around the world and in a broad international partnership. It is intended for the teaching and scientific community, students, and stakeholders in the livestock sector and in the territories, working at different decision-making levels.
    Keywords: agriculture ; land use ; climate ; sustainable development ; livestock ; Mediterranean ; grazing ; tropics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding
    Language: French
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The invasive presence of mosquitoes and their pathogens is changing our daily lives and challenging our lifestyles. Mosquitoes contribute to thousands of deaths worldwide each year by transmitting various parasites and viruses, responsible for diseases with well-known names: malaria, dengue, zika, chikungunya, etc. What is less well known, however, is that mosquitoes also contribute to the balance of ecosystems as a source of food for many species and help pollinate plants. Their great morphological, biological, ecological and genetic diversity must be well understood before solutions can be considered to better control their spread and outbreak, and thus control the transmission of pathogens. Faced with this rapidly evolving threat, innovative and concerted strategies to control these insects are being deployed in many countries. Aimed at a wide audience, but also at students and their teachers, this book, illustrated with numerous examples, is a synthesis of knowledge on mosquitoes and current control methods.
    Keywords: biology ; mapping ; entomology ; epidemiology ; risk management ; identification ; insect ; modeling ; pest ; prevention ; research ; health ; virus ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVP Pest control / plant diseases
    Language: French
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  • 18
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Jean-Marc Callois proposes to understand the mechanisms of territorial development, to identify the local potential of bioresources and the articulation between uses, to activate the various public policy tools, to articulate the scales of governance and finally to conceive the economic system as an ecosystem. Living resources are a major element in the response to the environmental crisis. Admittedly, photosynthesis has a much lower energy yield than photovoltaics, but it has the advantage of not requiring increasingly rare minerals whose extraction is polluting. Bioresources have considerable potential for creating activities and jobs, well beyond current food and energy uses. They are also a means of revitalising many rural areas in decline. The book sets out a methodological framework for implementing a territorial development strategy based on bioresources. It brings together the various theoretical tools needed to understand the economic mechanisms underlying territorial development and details their practical application. It is also a plea for greater consideration of the bioeconomy in public policies and in economic thinking. This book is primarily intended for regional development practitioners (local authorities, development agencies, consultants, etc.) who wish to implement such an approach to development.
    Keywords: human activity ; agriculture ; decision support ; food ; land use planning ; sustainable development ; economic development ; rural development ; economy ; environmental technology ; employment ; industry ; France ; geography ; economic impact ; public policy ; valorisation ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVD Agricultural and rural economics
    Language: French
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  • 19
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The Guide for the evaluation of agroecology proposes an approach and methodological tools to assess, on the one hand, the effects of agroecological practices and systems on the agro-environmental and socio-economic performance of agriculture and, on the other hand, the conditions for the development of agroecology. It aims to help development actors to better design their projects, programmes and public policies in favour of agroecology, to facilitate the creation of references (performance and development conditions) and to support farmers so that they can better evaluate the results of their practices and thus have a decision-making aid. This guide is divided into three parts. The first part presents the general approaches to spot evaluation and monitoring-evaluation. The second part consists of evaluation sheets dealing either with the elements on which agroecology is likely to have effects in the agro-environmental and socio-economic fields, or with the conditions for its development. Finally, the third part offers methodological complements in the form of tool sheets. This book is the result of collaboration between teams from GTAE (Agrisud International, AVSF, Cari and GRET), AgroParisTech, CIRAD, IRD and the Institut Agro Montpellier.
    Keywords: Africa ; farmer ; agriculture ; organic farming ; agronomy ; decision support ; Asia ; biodiversity ; technical advice ; sustainable development ; water ; ecology ; economy ; ecosystem ; livestock ; employment ; fertilizer ; environment ; equipment ; Europe ; evaluation ; expertise ; farm ; economic impact ; pesticide ; public policy ; crop production ; quality ; harvest ; health ; food safety ; soil ; cropping system ; terroir ; valorisation ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTP Development studies ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTP Development studies
    Language: French
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  • 20
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    éditions Quae
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: Mosquitoes are vectors of many disease-causing agents, such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever. According to the World Health Organisation, they cause several hundred thousand deaths each year. They are also the cause of zoonoses, such as Rift Valley fever and West Nile fever. In this context, there is a great need for operational tools to guide surveillance and control actions, both in the South - tropical and subtropical areas are the most affected by mosquito-borne diseases - and in the North, where the establishment of new species such as the tiger mosquito increases the risk of disease emergence. Earth observation imagery is of great interest to meet these needs: the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of mosquitoes are influenced by climatic (temperature, precipitation, humidity) and environmental (availability of water areas, vegetation) variables, indicators of which can be derived from satellite imagery. Many recent studies have developed innovative methods combining remote sensing and spatial modelling to predict the spatial and temporal dynamics of mosquito vectors and associated diseases. Beyond the feasibility study, some of these methods have led to tools and processing chains that are now operational and used by public health actors and vector control operators. This book, intended for students and researchers as well as public health actors, presents a summary of this research work and these tools.
    Keywords: image analysis ; mapping ; contamination ; issue ; entomology ; epidemiology ; risk management ; biological control ; modelling ; pest ; prevention ; health ; information system ; virus ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNX Industrial relations, occupational health and safety::KNXC Health and safety in the workplace
    Language: French
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2023-11-16
    Description: Scientific integrity is defined by the French Research Code as "the set of rules and values that must govern research activities in order to guarantee their honest and rigorous nature". It applies to all knowledge production and dissemination practices. It is essential not only to the smooth running of scientific communities, and to the robustness and reliability of the knowledge produced, but also to the sustainability of public confidence in science. In France, as in other countries, an institutional and legal framework for research has gradually been established, encouraging all players in the world of research to rigorously exercise their responsibility for self-regulation. This book recalls the essential principles of scientific integrity and the stakes involved in respecting them, as well as the role that each player in research must play. It also outlines the context in which this notion has been mediatized, and suggests ways of building a favorable ecosystem. This book is aimed at students and all research professionals.
    Keywords: ethics;research;sociology;work ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LA Jurisprudence & general issues::LAT Legal profession: general::LATC Legal ethics & professional conduct ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
    Language: French
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: In the early 1960s, French livestock production was at a crossroads, having been disrupted by the impact of agricultural modernisation and European integration. Public authorities and professional representatives agreed to create a development apparatus dedicated to ruminant animal production, in order to facilitate the adoption of innovations resulting from research. This is how the Technical Institute for Cattle Breeding was founded in 1962 and the Technical Institute for Sheep and Goat Breeding in 1967. Initially, the missions of these institutes were limited to testing innovations on experimental farms and transferring knowledge, in line with the modernising measures set out in the 1966 law on livestock farming. However, faced with the great diversity of livestock systems and the growing challenges that they had to face, the agents of the technical institutes began, in the 1970s, to develop original methods to support livestock farmers. At first marginal, this know-how gained legitimacy in the face of the social, economic and finally ecological consequences of the race for innovation and competitiveness. Gathered together in 1991 in a single Institute of Animal Husbandry with cross-disciplinary skills, these agents found themselves confronted with major health crises and the cross-cutting issues of the digital revolution, the advent of genomics, new societal expectations and, above all, environmental issues, which became significant at the turn of the century. Support for the world of livestock farming can no longer be thought of solely in terms of development, it must also take into account the necessary transitions. Based on unpublished archives and the testimonies of men and women who have lived through and supported these changes, this book retraces the little-known history of an engineering department that has played a crucial role in the metamorphosis of French livestock farming, making an important contribution to the debate on the future of the relationship between livestock farming and society.
    Keywords: farmer ; agriculture ; genetic improvement ; cattle ; goat ; rural development ; livestock ; environment ; genetics ; history ; sheep ; public policy ; animal production ; sociology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding
    Language: French
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  • 23
    facet.materialart.
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    éditions Quae
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The phytosanitary protection of vineyards raises many questions of interest to winegrowers. What diseases and pests attack vines in the different producing countries? What vineyard management practices ensure phytosanitary protection? What are the consequences of the use of organic and inorganic pesticides in terms of environmental risks on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems? What are the reactions of biological species to the impacts of pesticides? In order to provide the best possible answers to these questions, researchers from various disciplines (agronomists, agro-ecologists, agro-economists, environmental chemists, hydrobiologists, ecologists, ecotoxicologists) have joined forces to provide scientific explanations, backed up by their experiences on a common study site. The authors also explore strategies for changing winegrowing systems to drastically reduce the current phytosanitary pressure of pesticides on ecosystems and biota. Finally, they examine the action of public policies to support these strategies. Each chapter is accompanied by the testimony of a socio-professional actor or scientific expert, in order to establish a close relationship between the needs in the field and the research conducted. This book is mainly intended for managers of agricultural and environmental services, teachers and students, professionals in the field: wine growers and advisors, river technicians, etc., but also for anyone interested in the issue of pesticides, particularly in viticulture.
    Keywords: organic farming ; agronomy ; algae ; contamination ; river ; sustainable development ; water ; seawater ; freshwater ; ecology ; ecosystem ; environment ; pest control ; pesticide ; public policy ; pollution ; plant production ; soil ; wine ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering::TDCT Food and beverage technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering::TDCT Food and beverage technology
    Language: French
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