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  • Paris : IEA Publications  (109)
  • English  (109)
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  • 2010-2014  (109)
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  • 1
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    A Policy Strategy for Carbon Capture and Storage (2012)
    Paris : IEA Publications
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Successful deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) is critically dependent on comprehensive policy support. While policy plays an important role in the deployment of many low-carbon technologies, it is especially crucial for CCS. This is because, in contrast to renewable energy or applications of energy efficiency, CCS generates no revenue, nor other market benefits, so long as there is no price on CO2 emissions. It is both costly to install and, once in place, has increased operating costs. Effective, well-designed policy support is essential in overcoming these barriers and the subsequent deployment of CCS technology. This guide for policy makers aims to assist those involved in designing national and international policies around CCS. It covers development of CCS from its early stages through to wide-scale deployment of the technology. The focus is both on incentives for conventional fossil-fuel CCS and for bioenergy with CCS (BECCS).
    Pages: Online-Ressource (56 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/a-policy-strategy-for-carbon-capture-and-storage.html
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Technology Roadmap: Wind Energy - 2013 Edition (2013)
    Paris : IEA Publications
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The IEA Wind Power Technology Roadmap 2013 Edition recognises the very significant progress made since the first edition was published in 2009. The technology continues to improve rapidly, and costs of generation from land-based wind installations continue to fall. Wind power is now being deployed in countries with good resources without any dedicated financial incentives. The 2013 Edition targets an increased share (15% to 18%) of global electricity to be provided by wind power in 2050, compared to 12% in the original roadmap of 2009. However, increasing levels of low-cost wind still require predictable, supportive regulatory environments and appropriate market designs. The challenges of integrating higher levels of variable wind power into the grid need to be addressed. For offshore wind, much remains to be done to develop appropriate large-scale systems and to reduce costs. The 2013 Wind Power Roadmap also provides updated analysis on the barriers that exist for the technology and suggests ways to address them, including legal and regulatory recommendations.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (63 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/name,43771,en.html
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Secure and Efficient Electricity Supply : During the Transition to Low Carbon Power Systems (2013)
    Paris : IEA Publications
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Electricity shortages can paralyse our modern economies. All governments fear rolling black-outs and their economic consequences, especially in economies increasingly based on digital technologies. Over the last two decades, the development of markets for power has produced cost reduction, technological innovation, increased cross border trade and assured a steady supply of electricity. Now, IEA countries face the challenge of maintaining security of electricity supply during the transition to low-carbon economies. Low-carbon policies are pushing electricity markets into novel territories at a time when most of the generation and network capacity will have to be replaced. Most notably, wind and solar generation, now an integral part of electricity markets, can present new operating and investment challenges for generation, networks and the regional integration of electricity markets. In addition, the resilience of power systems facing more frequent natural disasters is also of increasing concern. IEA Ministers mandated the Secretariat to work on the Electricity Security Action Plan (ESAP), expanding to electricity the energy security mission of the IEA. This paper outlines the key conclusions and policy recommendations to “keep the lights on” while reducing CO2 emissions and increasing the efficiency.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/name,44430,en.html
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Global Land Transport Infrastructure Requirements : Estimating road and railway infrastructure capacity and costs to 2050 (2013)
    Paris : IEA Publications
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Over the next four decades, global passenger and freight travel is expected to double over 2010 levels. In order to accommodate this growth, it is expected that the world will need to add nearly 25 million paved road lane-kilometres and 335 000 rail track kilometres. In addition, it is expected that between 45 000 square kilometres and 77 000 square kilometres of new parking spaces will be added to accommodate vehicle stock growth. These land transport infrastructure additions, when combined with operations, maintenance and repairs, are expected to cost as much as USD 45 trillion by 2050. This publication reports on the International Energy Agency’s (IEA) analysis of infrastructure requirements to support projected road and rail travel through 2050, using the IEA Mobility Model. It considers land transport infrastructure additions to support travel growth to 2050. It also considers potential savings if countries pursue “avoid and shift” policies: in this scenario, cumulative global land transport infrastructure spending could decrease as much as USD 20 trillion by 2050 over baseline projections.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/name,34742,en.html
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Electricity Networks: Infrastructure and Operations : Too complex for a resource? (2013)
    Paris : IEA Publications
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Electricity security remains a priority of energy policy and continuous electrification will further enhance the importance in the years to come. Market liberalisation has brought substantial benefits to societies, including competition, innovation, more client-oriented services and the reduced needs for public expenditure. Further, the path of decarbonisation is a must but experiences with many new technologies and policies show their many implications on power systems. Electricity networks form the backbone of reliable and affordable power systems and also significantly support the inception of renewable generation. The importance of distribution and transmission networks has to be well understood by policy makers and regulators to maintain the sensitive balance within the policy triangle of reliability, affordability and sustainability as power systems rapidly change. Failures in choosing the right institutions and regulatory frameworks to operate and build networks will put the sensitive balance within the policy triangle at risk. “Too complex for a resource?” identifies the key challenges the electricity distribution and transmission networks face today and in the future. It further provides for best practice examples on institutional design choices and regulatory frameworks for sound network service provision but also highlights the importance of additional responses required. More market-based and dynamic frameworks for various system services, the growing need for active service participation of renewable generators and highly independent and transparent central operators seem to be at the heart of these responses. “Too complex for a resource?” finds that the answer to the challenges ahead is not always more infrastructure and that networks and the services they provide have to be regarded as equal part of the total power system. Thus, accurate and dynamic cost allocation can significantly support to transform public good-type network services into resources with market values.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/insights/insightpublications/name,43756,en.html
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion - 2010 Edition - Highlights (2010)
    Paris : IEA Publications
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: How much CO2 are countries emitting? Where is it coming from? In the lead-up to the UN climate negotiations in Cancún, the latest information on the level and growth of CO2 emissions, their source and geographic distribution will be essential to lay the foundation for a global agreement. To provide input to and support for the UN process the IEA is making available for free download the Highlights version of CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion. This annual publication contains: - estimates of CO2 emissions by country from 1971 to 2008 - selected indicators such as CO2/GDP, CO2/capita, CO2/TPES and CO2/kWh - CO2 emissions from international marine and aviation bunkers, and other relevant information These estimates have been calculated using the IEA energy databases and the default methods and emission factors from the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (121 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/free_new_Desc.asp?PUBS_ID=2143
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Managing Interactions Between Carbon Pricing and Existing Energy Policies : Guidance for Policymakers (2013)
    Paris : IEA Publications
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Carbon pricing can be a key policy tool to help countries move their energy sectors onto a cleaner development path. One important issue to consider when introducing carbon pricing is how it will integrate with other energy policies that also reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including policies to support low-carbon technologies (such as renewable energy) and energy efficiency programmes. Poor policy integration can undermine energy security and affordability, and affect the performance of renewable energy policies and energy markets. Climate objectives can also be undermined, through low and uncertain carbon prices and the risk of stop-start policy. Understanding how to manage policy interactions can improve the climate and energy policy package, reducing the trade-offs and advancing the synergies between energy and climate objectives. This will benefit the country in terms of a more effective and lower-cost low-carbon development path, as well as supporting a more energy-secure future.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/insights/insightpublications/name,43825,en.html
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Focus on Energy Security : Costs, Benefits and Financing of Holding Emergency Oil Stocks (2013)
    Paris : IEA Publications
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Oil is traded in a market where uncertainty, price volatility, and sudden supply disruptions are common characteristics. Natural disasters, political disagreements and wars can seriously disrupt oil supply and demand with consequent detrimental impacts on economic activity. One particularly powerful policy tool that IEA member countries have to respond to such disruptions is the release of emergency oil stocks. In its 40 year history, the IEA released stocks on three occasions to reduce the supply disruptions and the associated economic damage. This paper provides a general guide to the existing emergency stockholding system for those countries who are considering the introduction of new stockholding systems or changes to their existing emergency stocks. It draws together analysis of the costs and benefits of emergency stocks, in addition to exploring options for financing the establishment of stocks.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/insights/insightpublications/name,43688,en.html
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Energy Policy Highlights 2013 (2013)
    Paris : IEA Publications
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    Description / Table of Contents: Energy Policy Highlights showcases recent developments in energy policies among all 28 IEA member countries. Each contribution underscores the changing nature of both global and domestic energy challenges, as well as the commonality of energy concerns among member countries. The policies highlighted in this publication identify an urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as a clear policy objective. Electricity, enhancing energy efficiency and increasing the share of renewables in the energy mix in a cost effective manner are likewise areas of common focus. On the end-user side, increasing public awareness of domestic energy policies through improved transparency and engagement is an important facet of policy support among IEA member countries. The successful implementation of policies and other initiatives benefitted from efforts to inform the public.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/name,43515,en.html
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    CO2 Emissions From Fuel Combustion Highlights 2013 (2013)
    Paris : IEA Publications
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: In the lead-up to the UN climate negotiations in Warsaw, the latest information on the level and growth of CO2 emissions, their source and geographic distribution will be essential to lay the foundation for a global agreement. To provide input to and support for the UN process, the IEA is making available for free download the "Highlights" version of CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion now for sale on IEA Bookshop. This annual publication contains, for more than 140 countries and regions: • estimates of CO2 emissions from 1971 to 2011 • selected indicators such as CO2/GDP, CO2/capita, CO2/TPES and CO2/kWh • a decomposition of CO2 emissions into driving factors • CO2emissions from international marine and aviation bunkers, key sources, and other relevant information. The nineteenth session of the Conference of the Parties to the Climate Change Convention (COP-19), in conjunction with the ninth meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP 9), will be meeting in Warsaw, Poland from 11 to 22 November 2013. This volume of "Highlights", drawn from the full-scale study, was specially designed for delegations and observers of the meeting in Warsaw.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (143 Seiten)
    URL: http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/name,43840,en.html
    Language: English
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