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  • thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (70)
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  • 2020-2024  (70)
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  • English  (70)
  • Danish
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  • 2020-2024  (70)
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Blockchain and cryptocurrencies have recently captured the interest of academics and those in industry. Cryptocurrencies are essentially digital currencies that use blockchain technology and cryptography to facilitate secure and anonymous transactions. The cryptocurrency market is currently worth over $500 billion. Many institutions and countries are starting to understand and implement the idea of cryptocurrencies in their business models. This Special Issue will provide a collection of papers from leading experts in the area of blockchain and cryptocurrencies. The topics covered in this Special Issue will include but are not limited to the following: academic research on blockchain and cryptocurrencies; industrial applications of blockchain and cryptocurrencies; applications of fintech in academia and industry; the economics of blockchain technology, and the financial analysis and risk management with cryptocurrencies.
    Keywords: cryptocurrencies ; connectedness ; spill overs ; spectral analysis ; time-frequency-dynamic ; Bitcoin ; cryptocurrency ; spillover risks ; Copulas ; Student’s-t ; survey ; bitcoin ; efficient market hypothesis ; ARIMA ; artificial neural network ; static forecast ; contagion effect ; detrended cross-correlation analysis ; liquidity ; Ethereum ; market liquidity ; Hurst exponent ; high frequency ; fraud ; algorithms ; correlations ; impact ; risks ; regulation ; blockchain ; autoregression ; time-series analysis ; simulation ; predictive modes ; endogenous ; exogenous variables ; Blockchain ; Cryptocurrencies ; Digital Currencies ; Risk management ; Financial analysis ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Microfluidic platforms are increasingly being used for separating a wide variety of particles based on their physical and chemical properties. In the past two decades, many practical applications have been found in chemical and biological sciences, including single cell analysis, clinical diagnostics, regenerative medicine, nanomaterials synthesis, environmental monitoring, etc. In this Special Issue, we invited contributions to report state-of-the art developments in the fields of micro- and nanofluidic separation, fractionation, sorting, and purification of all classes of particles, including, but not limited to, active devices using electric, magnetic, optical, and acoustic forces; passive devices using geometries and hydrodynamic effects at the micro/nanoscale; confined and open platforms; label-based and label-free technology; and separation of bioparticles (including blood cells), circulating tumor cells, live/dead cells, exosomes, DNA, and non-bioparticles, including polymeric or inorganic micro- and nanoparticles, droplets, bubbles, etc. Practical devices that demonstrate capabilities to solve real-world problems were of particular interest.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Bioelectric sensors are unique diagnostic principles and technologies. Although they share many traits with electrochemical sensors, especially regarding the common features of instrumentation, they are focused on the measurement of the electric properties of biorecognition elements as a reflection of cellular, biological, and biomolecular functions in a rapid, very sensitive, and often non-invasive manner. Bioelectric sensors offer a plethora of options in terms both of assay targets (molecules, cells, organs, and organisms) and methodological approaches (e.g., potentiometry, impedance spectrometry, and patch-clamp electrophysiology). Irrespective of the method of choice, “bioelectric profiling” is being rapidly established as a superior concept for a number of applications, including in vitro toxicity, signal transduction, real-time medical diagnostics, environmental risk assessment, and drug development. This Special Issue is the first that is exclusively dedicated to the advanced and emerging concepts and technologies of bioelectric sensors. Topics include, but are not restricted to, bioelectric sensors for single cell analysis, electrophysiological olfactory and volatile organic compounds sensors, impedimetric biosensors, microbial fuel cell biosensors, and implantable autonomous bioelectric micro- and nano-sensors.
    Keywords: organic optoelectronic device ; pulse meter ; biosensor ; Bluetooth low energy (BLE) ; photoplethysmogram (PPG) ; chronic wounds ; electrical stimulation ; direct microcurrent ; non-invasive ; pressure ulcer ; wireless technology ; biochips ; impedance spectroscopy ; electrical equivalent circuit ; biomaterial ; Lysinibacillus sphaericus JG-A12 ; anticancer therapeutic strategies ; apoptosis ; bioelectric ; 5-fluorouracil ; HeLa cell line ; superoxide ; cell immobilization ; 3D-printed well ; bioelectric profiling ; impedance analysis ; real-time measurements ; electrochemical biosensors ; SWCNT ; point-of-care diagnostics ; label-free biosensors ; ELISA ; carbon nanotubes ; bovine serum albumin ; pacemaker ; threat modeling ; internet of things (IoT) medical devices ; vulnerabilities ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This Special Issue is related to studies of the hydrogen production from formic acid decomposition. It is based on five research papers and two reviews. The reviews discuss the liquid phase formic acid decomposition over bimetallic (PdAg), molecular (Ru, Ir, Fe, Co), and heterogenized molecular catalysts. The gas-phase reaction is studied over highly dispersed Pd, Pt, Au, Cu, and Ni supported catalysts. It is shown that the nature of the catalyst’s support plays an important role for the reaction. Thus, N-doping of the carbon support provides a significant promotional effect. One of the reasons for the high activity of the N-doped catalysts is the formation of single-atom active sites stabilized by pyridinic N species present in the support. It is demonstrated that carbon materials can be N-doped in different ways. It can be performed either directly from N-containing compounds during the carbon synthesis or by a post-synthetic deposition of N-containing compounds on the carbon support with known properties. The Issue could be useful for specialists in catalysis and nanomaterials as well as for graduate students studying chemistry and chemical engineering. The reported results can be applied for development of catalysts for the hydrogen production from different liquid organic hydrogen carriers.
    Keywords: formic acid decomposition ; hydrogen production ; CuO-CeO2/γ-Al2O3 ; multifuel processor ; copper catalyst ; oxygenates ; fuel cell ; Pd/C ; melamine ; g-C3N4 ; bipyridine ; phenanthroline ; N-doped carbon ; hydrogen ; formic acid ; platinum ; nitrogen doped ; carbon nanotubes ; carbon nanofibers ; heterogeneous catalysts ; bimetallic nanoparticles ; PdAg ; AgPd ; alloy ; nickel catalyst ; porous carbon support ; nitrogen doping ; hydrogen energetics ; hydrogen carrier ; formic acid dehydrogenation ; supported gold catalysts ; formic ; formate ; hybrid ; functionalization ; co-catalyst ; additive ; amine ; molecular catalyst ; nanocatalyst ; nano co-catalyst ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This special issue brings together cutting edge research and insightful commentary on the currentl state of the Cancer Nanomedicine field.
    Keywords: antibody drug conjugate (ADC) ; PD-L1 ; tumor spheroid disruption ; immune modulation ; doxorubicin ; graphene oxide ; adsorption ; cathepsin D ; cathepsin L ; anti-metastatic enzyme cancer therapy ; nanoparticles ; targeted delivery system ; siRNA ; osteopontin ; mammary carcinoma ; mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ; TAT peptide ; PLGA ; paclitaxel ; nano-engineered MSCs ; orthotopic lung tumor model ; intracranial glioma ; immunotherapy ; CPMV ; viral nanoparticles ; in situ vaccine ; albumin nanoparticles ; microbubble ; ultrasound ; theranostics ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; VX2 tumor ; intra-arterial chemotherapy ; lung cancer ; nanomedicine ; clinical status ; cancer therapy ; breast cancer ; cell signaling ; active targeting ; passive targeting ; EPR effect ; oncogenes ; nanoparticle ; drug delivery ; ligand ; tumor targeting ; biodistribution ; Mesoporous silica nanoparticle ; drug delivery system ; target treatment ; lanthanide metal ; hyaluronic acid ; hyaluronidase ; drug combination ; everolimus ; dual-targeting ; magnetic nanoparticles ; monoclonal antibodies ; nanostructured lipid carrier ; platelet membrane ; biomimicry ; plasmonic photothermal therapy ; gold nanorods ; surgery ; bleeding ; dogs ; cats ; stimuli-responsive ; DOX ; SN38 ; CSCs ; single-walled carbon nanotubes ; chirality separation ; NASH ; drug-gene delivery ; near IR hyperspectral imaging ; plasmonics ; copper ; VEGF ; glioblastoma ; differentiated neuroblastoma ; peptidomimetics ; real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) ; actin ; combinatorial therapy ; anticancer and antibacterial activity ; temoporfin ; drug-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposome ; hybrid nanoparticles ; multicellular tumor spheroids ; cyclodextrins ; photodynamic therapy article ; yet reasonably common within the subject discipline ; antitumor strategy ; biomimetic core–shell nanoparticles ; NK cell-derived exosomes ; folate receptor ; albumin nanoparticle ; microfluidic ; cabazitaxel ; polydopamine nanoparticles ; size ; cytotoxicity ; iron affinity ; FA-DABA-SMA ; self-assembly ; oncogenic proteins ; intracellular disruption ; folic receptor alpha ; pancreatic cancer ; parvifloron D ; albumin ; erlotinib ; photodynamic therapy ; lipid nanoparticles ; tumor vectorization ; verteporfin ; ovarian carcinomatosis ; spheroids ; integrin ; RGD peptide ; cancer diagnosis ; radiotherapy ; hyperthermia therapy ; biomimetic ; nanocarrier ; membrane-wrapped ; cancer ; targeted delivery ; photothermal therapy ; imaging ; cancer nanomedicine ; tumor microenvironment ; nano–bio interactions ; clinical translation ; magnetic nanowires ; magnetic hyperthermia ; magnetic actuation ; magnetic drug targeting ; titanate nanotubes ; gold nanoparticles ; vectorization ; colloidal stability ; docetaxel ; prostate cancer ; mangiferin ; anti-topoisomerase activity ; extracellular vesicles ; exosomes ; chemico-physical functionalization ; loading ; translational medicine ; nanotechnology: bioengineering ; anacardic acid ; mitoxantrone ; targeted drug delivery ; liposomes ; melanoma ; apoptosis ; ascorbic acid ; angiogenesis ; epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ; hypoxia ; immunosuppression ; metabolism ; nanotherapeutics ; tumour microenvironment ; DNA origami ; liposome ; remote loading ; acute toxicity ; organoids ; magnetic silica-coated iron oxide nanochains ; photothermal treatment ; hyperthermia ; collagen ; cellular microenvironment ; lymphadenectomy ; magnetometer ; sentinel lymph node dissection ; SPION ; superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles ; Vδ2 T cells ; zoledronic acid ; polymeric nanoconstruct ; anti-tumor immunity ; colorectal carcinoma ; β-cyclodextrin nanosponges ; BALB-neuT mice ; brain tumours ; glioma ; blood brain barrier ; polymeric nanoparticles ; PEGylation ; dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine ; poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-allyl methyl sulfide) copolymer ; folate ; oxidation-sensitive release ; cellular interaction ; in vitro anti-cancer activity ; triple negative breast cancer ; organotin ; mesoporous silica nanoparticles ; MDA-MB-231 ; theranostic nanomaterials ; nanobiotechnology ; molecular imaging ; nanosystems ; nanomicelles ; ovarian cancer ; tumour targeting ; chemotherapeutics ; riboflavin ; vitamin B2 ; nanomedicines ; secondary structure ; mixed micelle ; pH responsive ; targeted therapy ; anti-cancer ; shear stress ; flow ; in vitro ; therapeutics ; diagnostics ; Immunotherapy ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Micro/nanofluidic chips have found increasing applications in the analysis of chemical and biological samples over the past two decades. Electrokinetics has become the method of choice in these micro/nano-chips for transporting, manipulating and sensing ions, (bio)molecules, fluids and (bio)particles, etc., due to the high maneuverability, scalability, sensitivity, and integrability. The involved phenomena, which cover electroosmosis, electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, electrohydrodynamics, electrothermal flow, diffusioosmosis, diffusiophoresis, streaming potential, current, etc., arise from either the inherent or the induced surface charge on the solid-liquid interface under DC and/or AC electric fields. To review the state-of-the-art of micro/nanochip electrokinetics, we welcome, in this Special Issue of Micromachines, all original research or review articles on the fundamentals and applications of the variety of electrokinetic phenomena in both microfluidic and nanofluidic devices.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; micro/nanofluidics ; streaming potential/current ; electrical sensing ; electrokinetics ; diffusioosmosis ; dielectrophoresis ; electroosmosis ; electrophoresis ; diffusiophoresis ; induced charge electrokinetics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book celebrates the life, work and influence of Professor Roger W.H. Sargent of Imperial College London. It does so through a range of original contributions that span the wide academic and industry interests of Professor Sargent. Roger Sargent passed away in late 2018, but his legacy lives on through his enormous academic tree, which traces to the early 1960s. That huge body of work has also had significant impacts on industrial practices. Roger was regarded as “the father of Process Systems Engineering (PSE)”. This area of Chemical Engineering continues to influence the modelling, design, control, optimization and integrated performance of industrial and related processes. This book highlights some of those impacts and the ongoing importance of PSE in helping to solve some of the grand challenges of our time.
    Keywords: input-output model ; fuzzy optimization ; process synthesis ; preliminary stage design ; process systems engineering ; energy systems engineering ; process design ; optimization ; nonlinear programming ; process monitoring ; nonlinear principal component analysis ; parallel neural networks ; autoassociative neural network ; big data ; process scheduling ; process system engineering ; mixed-integer programming ; scheduling ; process control ; integration ; distribution ; planning ; oil supply chain ; robust optimization ; uncertainty ; bio-jet diesel ; co-hydrotreating ; hydrodesulphurisation ; hydrodeoxigenation ; reactive distillation ; coproduction ; Lurgi syngas ; cryogenic separation ; methanol synthesis ; LNG ; symmetry ; quadratic optimization ; quadratically-constrained quadratic optimization ; process modeling ; mathematical programming ; MINLP ; generalized disjunctive programming ; design ; higher education ; curricula ; visualization ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Nanotechnologies leverage different hierarchical levels of novel technological applications by introducing molecular functionalities into the macroworld. A novel set of applications emerges by integrating photons and quantum information with the nanoworld. The current Special Issue “Dynamics and Applications of Photon Nanostructured Systems” is shaped by innovative ideas with strong, interdisciplinary, fundamental, theoretical, and applied characteristics, and the content covers a wide range of thematic areas in physics, chemistry and engineering. The book comprises twelve original studies and three review articles addressing novel nanodevices, functionalities, nanothermodynamics, chaos, non-linear dynamics, nanoresonators and applications based on photonic nanostructured devices and photon–nanomaterial interactions.
    Keywords: nanomechanical resonator ; superconducting resonator ; wave function ; unitary transformation ; Hamiltonian ; probability density ; adiabatic condition ; quantum solution ; nanohole ; microsphere ; subwavelength-scale light focusing ; high-responsivity ; ultraviolet photodetectors ; nano-scale fin isolation ; wide-band gap semiconductors ; ZnO nanorods ; two-dimensional electron gas ; visible-blind ; whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) ; sensor ; water-immersion-objective (WIO) ; microdisk ; laser ; inorganic boron-based nanostructures ; boron monoelement nanowire and nanotube ; borophene ; rare-earth boride (REB6) ; optoelectronic properties ; guided mode resonance ; figure of merit ; biosensor ; detection limits ; transition metal ; surface plasmon ; nanoparticle ; nanophotonics ; hydrogen storage ; sensing ; nuclear fusion ; energy device ; microdisk laser ; spectral modulation ; optofluidic ; coupled microdisk ; nanostructures ; optical pillar gratings ; photonic crystals ; two-photon lithography ; direct laser writing ; laser induced subwavelength ripples ; surface plasmon polaritons ; coulomb explosion ; stainless steel ; photonic nanoscience ; nanotechnology ; porous Si-SiO2 ; UV filters ; responsivity ; photodetectors ; interface/interface engineering ; charge carriers ; nanowire ; nanolaser ; metal grating ; nanocavities ; non-thermal equilibrium ; water ; entropy ; nanothermodynamics ; nanoindentation ; AFM ; electric dipole interactions ; VUV irradiation ; random walk ; EUV lithography ; chemically amplified resists ; inorganic resists ; main chain scission resists ; electron-induced chemistry ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Microelectrode arrays are increasingly used in a wide variety of situations in the medical device sector. For example, one major challenge in microfluidic devices is the manipulation of fluids and droplets effectively at such scales. Due to the laminar flow regime (i.e., low Reynolds number) in microfluidic devices, the mixing of species is also difficult, and unless an active mixing strategy is employed, passive diffusion is the only mechanism that causes the fluid to mix. For many applications, diffusion is considered too slow, and thus many active pumping and mixing strategies have been employed using electrokinetic methods, which utilize a variety of simple and complex microelectrode array structures. Microelectrodes have also been implemented in in vitro intracellular delivery platforms to conduct cell electroporation on chip, where a highly localized electric field on the scale of a single cell is generated to enhance the uptake of extracellular material. In addition, microelectrode arrays are utilized in different microfluidic biosensing modalities, where a higher sensitivity, selectivity, and limit-of-detection are desired. Carbon nanotube microelectrode arrays are used for DNA detection, multi-electrode array chips are used for drug discovery, and there has been an explosion of research into brain–machine interfaces, fueled by microfabricated electrode arrays, both planar and three-dimensional. The advantages associated with microelectrode arrays include small size, the ability to manufacture repeatedly and reliably tens to thousands of micro-electrodes on both rigid and flexible substrates, and their utility for both in vitro and in vivo applications. To realize their full potential, there is a need to develop and integrate microelectrode arrays to form useful medical device systems. As the field of microelectrode array research is wide, and touches many application areas, it is often difficult to locate a single source of relevant information. This Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles, that focus on the application of microelectrode arrays in the medical device sector. Particular interest will be paid to innovative application areas that can improve existing medical devices, such as for neuromodulation and real world lab-on-a-chip applications.
    Keywords: electrothermal ; microelectrode ; microfluidics ; micromixing ; micropump ; alternating current (AC) electrokinetics ; bisphenol A ; self-assembly ; biosensor ; flexible electrode ; polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) ; pyramid array micro-structures ; low contact impedance ; multimodal laser micromachining ; ablation characteristics ; shadow mask ; interdigitated electrodes ; soft sensors ; liquid metal ; fabrication ; principle ; arrays ; application ; induced-charge electrokinetic phenomenon ; ego-dielectrophoresis ; mobile electrode ; Janus microsphere ; continuous biomolecule collection ; electroconvection ; microelectrode array (MEA) ; ion beam assisted electron beam deposition (IBAD) ; indium tin oxide (ITO) ; titanium nitride (TiN) ; neurons ; transparent ; islets of Langerhans ; insulin secretion ; glucose stimulated insulin response ; electrochemical transduction ; intracortical microelectrode arrays ; shape memory polymer ; softening ; robust ; brain tissue oxygen ; in vivo monitoring ; multi-site clinical depth electrode ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Water is one of the main concerns of modern societies. Climate change will significantly complicate access to quality water for millions of people worldwide and the threat of contamination of aquatic resources by poor wastewater management is real and growing fast. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment methods. Although there are numerous water treatment methods, not all of them are equally sustainable, be it environmentally, economically or ethically. For this book, some of the latest advances in sustainable wastewater treatments were collected and 13 articles selected. The selected articles deal with aspects such as the removal of nanoparticles, the applicability of constructed wetlands, the recovery/removal of wastewater, the use of low-cost bio-sorbents, the optimization of activated sludge, the application of advanced oxidation technologies, and the modeling of reverse osmosis systems. This book will give the reader an idea of the latest trends in the sector of sustainable wastewater treatment.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Three-dimensional (3D) printing enables the fabrication of tissue-engineered constructs and devices from a patient’s own medical data, leading to the creation of anatomically matched and patient-specific constructs. There is a growing interest in applying 3D printing technologies in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The main printing methods include extrusion-based, vat photopolymerization, droplet-based, and powder-based printing. A variety of materials have been used for printing, from metal alloys and ceramics to polymers and elastomers as well as from hydrogels to extracellular matrix proteins. More recently, bioprinting, a subcategory of 3D printing, has enabled the precise assembly of cell-laden biomaterials (i.e., bioinks) for the construction of complex 3D functional living tissues or artificial organs. In this Special Issue, we aim to capture state-of-the-art research papers and the most current review papers focusing on 3D printing for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In particular, we seek novel studies on the development of 3D printing and bioprinting approaches, developing printable materials (inks and bioinks), and utilizing 3D-printed scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. These applications are not limited to but include scaffolds for in vivo tissue regeneration and tissue analogues for in vitro disease modeling and/or drug screening.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Sustainable value management reveals a new space for studying business models. The traditional approach is based on the assumption that the goal of any business is to make money. All decisions regarding supply and production should be made to maximize profit. The discrepancy in creating non-economic value is sometimes the result of separating ownership from control over an enterprise. Although shareholders are interested in maximizing profit, management that actually makes decisions can also pursue other goals. In addition to economic aspects, the management intentions of modern managers are also influenced by factors arising from the organizational culture built, co-created within the organization and sometimes with the participation of external actors such as suppliers and customers. The sources of the creation of social values will be the management intentions of top management, often initiated by the adopted values and rules on the basis of which resources are bound within the structure of the business model. The value of sustainability is based on the identification of those creative sources that relate to economic and social value. Economic value is created through social value and vice versa. This allows the complementarity of the value created to be mutually supportive. The business model that integrates both of these values should be more resistant to crises than the one that is oriented only toward producing economic value. Concurrent implementation of economic and social goals increases resilience and affects the success of modern business models. This is due to the specificity of the business ecosystem that is built as part of the business model, which, in essence, is based on the use of social factors to merge the business model into a complex ecosystem capable of producing value.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The development of porous materials has attracted the attention of the research community for years. Porosity characteristics have specific impacts on the material properties and materials that are applied in many areas, such as pollutant removal, CO2 capture, energy storage, catalytic oxidation and reduction processes, the conversion of biomass to biofuels, and drug delivery. Examples of porous materials are activated carbons, clays, and zeolites. The aim of this book is to collect the recent advances and progress regarding porous materials and their applications in the environmental area.
    Keywords: spherical seeds ; spherical activated carbons ; activation ; microporosity ; mechanical properties ; diatomite ; zeolite X ; hydrothermal method ; calcium ion exchange capacity ; clay minerals particles ; orientational anisotropy ; granular systems ; disk packing ; X-Ray microtomography ; mesoscale simulation ; water produced ; adsorbent materials ; composite ; AlFe-pillared clay ; CrCeOx ; chlorobenzene ; catalytic combustion ; temperature-programmed reaction ; lignite ; porous structure ; carbon dioxide ; pressure ; CuCl/AC adsorbent ; CO adsorption ; monolayer dispersion ; isosteric heat ; adsorption isotherms ; Fischer–Tropsch ; supported iron oxide ; supported cobalt oxide ; reducibility ; dispersion ; biosorption ; weed ; methylene blue dye ; natural biosorbents ; adsorption kinetics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The first nonlinear optical effect was observed in the 19th century by John Kerr. Nonlinear optics, however, started to grow up only after the invention of the laser, when intense light sources became easily available. The seminal studies by Peter Franken and Nicolaas Bloembergen, in the 1960s, paved the way for the development of today’s nonlinear photonics, the field of research that encompasses all the studies, designs, and implementations of nonlinear optical devices that can be used for the generation, communication, and processing of information. This field has attracted significant attention, partly due to the great potential of exploiting the optical nonlinearities of new or advanced materials to induce new phenomena and achieve new functions. According to Clarivate Web of Science, almost 200,000 papers were published that refer to the topic “nonlinear optic*”. Over 36,000 papers were published in the last four years (2015–2018) with the same keyword, and over 17,000 used the keyword “nonlinear photonic*”. The present Special Issue of Micromachines aims at reviewing the current state of the art and presenting perspectives of further development. Fundamental and applicative aspects are considered, with special attention paid to hot topics that may lead to technological and scientific breakthroughs.
    Keywords: GeSn ; quantum dot ; electric field ; intersubband nonlinear optics ; absorption coefficients ; refractive index changes ; pure state ; cascaded spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) ; numerical simulation ; transparent conductive oxide ; coherent perfect absorption ; epsilon-near-zero media ; light-with-light modulation ; refractive index change ; non-linear photonics ; optical fibers ; thermal poling ; numerical analysis ; extrinsic chirality ; second harmonic generation ; GaAs nanowires ; plasmonic coating ; second-harmonic generation ; waveguide ; AlGaAs ; optical frequency combs ; quadratic nonlinearity ; optical parametric oscillator ; modulation instability ; stimulated raman scattering ; fiber optics ; amplifiers ; lasers ; optical communication systems ; kerr nonlinearity ; whispering gallery mode ; optical resonators ; stimulated brillouin scattering ; optomechanical oscillations ; nonlinear optics ; stimulated Raman scattering ; microphotonics ; nanophotonics ; nonlinear waveguide ; optical microcavity ; photonics crystals ; nanocrystals ; optical resonances ; harmonic generation ; four-wave mixing ; optical switching ; sub-wavelength gratings ; Mie scattering ; Fano resonances ; guided-mode resonance ; terahertz ; nonlinear optical conversion ; complex optical systems ; adaptive imaging ; single-pixel imaging ; surface nonlinear photonics ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Rheology, defined as the science of deformation and flow of matter, is a multidisciplinary scientific field, covering both fundamental and applied approaches. The study of rheology includes both experimental and computational methods, which are not mutually exclusive. Its practical importance embraces many processes, from daily life, like preparing mayonnaise or spread an ointment or shampooing, to industrial processes like polymer processing and oil extraction, among several others. Practical applications include also formulations and product development. This Special Issue aims to present the latest advances in the fields of experimental and computational rheology applied to the most diverse classes of materials (foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, polymers and biopolymers, multiphasic systems and composites) and processes. This Special Issue will comprise, not only original research papers, but also review articles.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; n/a ; microstructure ; microfluidization ; yield stress ; nonlinear diffusion equation ; particle suspensions ; colloids ; viscous gravity spreading ; nanocomposites ; BMP model ; LCB polypropylene ; diutan gum ; thixotropy ; complex fluids ; traction test ; viscoelasticity ; biopolymer ; normal stresses ; start-up shear ; OpenFOAM ; flow properties ; rheometry ; oscillatory flows ; linear viscoelasticity ; continuum model ; steady-state and transient flow ; interfacial shear rheology ; shear-banding flow ; pressure transducers ; jetting ; natural hydraulic lime ; generalized Boussinesq equation ; prototyping ; piezoelectric ; masonry ; polymer processing ; eco-friendly surfactant ; emulsion stability ; rhamsan gum ; lubricating grease ; computational rheology ; Saffman–Taylor instability ; extrusion ; volume of fluid method ; polymers ; weak gel ; cement pastes ; Carbopol ; thyme oil ; elongational flow ; rheology ; grout ; epoxy ; polystyrene ; shear thickening ; bulk rheology ; porous medium equation ; consolidation ; Dupuit-Forchheimer assumption ; yield stress fluid ; drop formation ; dilatational rheology ; droplet size distribution (DSD) ; Navier-Stokes equations ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Food quality, safety, and fortification are key aspects to guarantee that foods reach consumers in optimal conditions from the point of view of freshness, microbiology, and health promotion. This book overviews the most recent fundamental and oriented efforts by multidisciplinary researchers and technologists on the application of nanoscience and nanotechnology to generate new added value solutions for the food industry. Nanomaterials to Enhance Food Quality, Safety, and Health Impact provides a valuable guide for both industry and academic researchers interested in the production of healthier, safer, and sustainable food products.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Since their discovery, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have received tremendous attention due to their unique electrical, optical, physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Remarkable advances have been made in the synthesis, purification, structural characterization, functionalization, and application of MWCNTs. Their particular characteristics make them well suited for a plethora of applications in a number of fields, namely nanoelectronics, nanofluids, energy management, (electro)catalysis, materials science, construction of (bio)sensors based on different detection schemes, multifunctional nanoprobes for biomedical imaging, and sorbents for sample preparation or removal of contaminants from wastewater. They are also useful as anti-bacterial agents, drug delivery nanocarriers, etc. The current relevant application areas are countless. This Special Issue presents original research and review articles that address advances, trends, challenges, and future perspectives regarding synthetic routes, structural features, properties, behaviors, and industrial or scientific applications of MWCNTs in established and emerging areas.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; TP155-156 ; graphene oxide ; n/a ; Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) ; elution ; gold nanoparticles ; MHD ; heck reaction ; drug delivery ; carbon-nanotubes ; water based nanofluid ; zeolitic imidazolate framework ; Ionic liquid ; electroanalysis ; curved stretching sheet ; multiwalled carbon nanotubes ; lubricating oil additives ; hydrophobic drugs ; agricultural irrigation water ; polarity ; cerium oxide ; adsorption ; electrical properties ; non-linear thermal radiation ; electrochemical properties ; nanomaterials ; radar absorbing materials ; chloride diffusion ; RAFT polymerization ; synthesis methods ; gold(III) ; mechanical properties ; dissolution rate ; carbon materials ; electrochemical sensors ; magnetic solid phase extraction ; silicone rubber ; Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) ; Pd-CNT nanohybrids ; kinetics ; nonylphenol ; boundary layer ; Casson model ; sensing applications ; organochlorine pesticides ; composites ; multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) ; polymeric composites ; carbon nanotubes ; structural ; azide-alkyne click chemistry ; functionalized carbon nanotubes ; heat generation ; EMI shielding ; gold(I) ; cement mortars ; semi-homogeneous catalysis ; functionalized CNTs ; nanomedicine ; multi-walled carbon nanotubes ; numerical solution ; PMMA ; HAM ; complex permittivity ; thermal radiation ; stretching sheet ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: We are pleased to present “Optical Trapping and Manipulation: From Fundamentals to Applications”, a Special Issue of Micromachines dedicated to the latest research in optical trapping. In recognition of the broad impact of optical manipulation techniques across disciplines, this Special Issue collected contributions related to all aspects of optical trapping and manipulation. Both theoretical and experimental studies were welcome, and applications of optical manipulation methods in fields including (but not limited to) single molecule biophysics, cell biology, nanotechnology, atmospheric chemistry, and fundamental optics were particularly welcome in order to showcase the breadth of the current research. The Special Issue accepted diverse forms of contributions, including research papers, short communications, methods, and review articles representing the state-of-the-art in optical trapping.
    Keywords: optical tweezers ; red blood cells (RBCs) ; RBCs interactions ; helium–neon laser ; laser irradiation ; polymeric nanocapsules ; red blood cells ; SEM ; optical microscopy ; cytotoxicity ; human mesenchymal stem cells ; holographic optical trapping ; direct laser writing ; optical fiber tweezers ; optical trapping and manipulation ; optical force ; photothermal effect ; evanescent fields ; cell trapping and assembly ; multi-component micromanipulators ; radiation damage ; life sciences ; optical microrobots ; optical trapping ; microring resonator ; micro manipulation ; concentration gradient ; force spectroscopy ; diffusion ; microfluidics ; fluorescence ; optical traps ; vesicles ; artificial cells ; membrane biophysics ; phase separation ; membranes ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Mercury is a global pollutant that affects the health of both humans and ecosystems. This Special Issue collects three review papers and six research articles that report on the latest findings on the mechanisms of mercury toxicology and its impacts on environmental health. This collection of papers provides useful, new information on the mechanisms of mercury toxicity and methods of improving the risk assessment of mercury exposure.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; TP155-156 ; toxicity ; Cd ; n/a ; chemokine ; sympathodominant state ; child development ; mRNA ; exposure assessment ; methylmercury ; Pb ; prenatal exposure ; heart rate variability ; review ; cortical precursors ; CCL4 ; Fish ; delayed toxicity ; dose-response relationship ; Hg ; severity ; low-dose exposure ; long term exposure ; methylmercury neurotoxicity ; brain ; correlation of signs and symptoms ; developmental neurotoxicity ; symptoms ; molecular mechanisms ; neurological findings ; delayed effects ; kinetics ; fetus ; oxidative stress ; mercury vapor ; metallothionein-III ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Silicon (Si) technologies provide an excellent platform for the design of microsystems where photonic and microelectronic functionalities are monolithically integrated on the same substrate. In recent years, a variety of passive and active Si photonic devices have been developed, and among them, photodetectors have attracted particular interest from the scientific community. Si photodiodes are typically designed to operate at visible wavelengths, but, unfortunately, their employment in the infrared (IR) range is limited due to the neglectable Si absorption over 1100 nm, even though the use of germanium (Ge) grown on Si has historically allowed operations to be extended up to 1550 nm. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved both by improving the performance of Si-based photodetectors in the visible range and by extending their operation to infrared wavelengths. Near-infrared (NIR) SiGe photodetectors have been demonstrated to have a “zero change” CMOS process flow, while the investigation of new effects and structures has shown that an all-Si approach could be a viable option to construct devices comparable with Ge technology. In addition, the capability to integrate new emerging 2D and 3D materials with Si, together with the capability of manufacturing devices at the nanometric scale, has led to the development of new device families with unexpected performance. Accordingly, this Special Issue of Micromachines seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that show the most recent advances in the field of silicon photodetectors and their respective applications.
    Keywords: graphene ; polycrystalline silicon ; photodiode ; phototransistor ; pixel ; high dynamic range (HDR) image ; Ni/4H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) ; C/Si ratios ; 1/f noise ; resonant cavity ; photodetectors ; near-infrared ; silicon ; p-Si/i-ZnO/n-AZO ; avalanche photodiode (APD) ; impact ionization coefficients ; GeSn alloys ; silicon photonics ; photonic integrated circuits ; microbolometer ; complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible ; uncooled infrared detectors ; thermal detectors ; infrared focal plane array (IRFPA) ; read-out integrated circuit (ROIC) ; photodetector ; semiconductor ; microphotonics ; group IV ; colloidal systems ; single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) ; gating ; avalanche transients ; 3.3 V/0.35 µm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: In recent years, heavy metals have been widely used in agricultural, chemical, domestic, and technological applications, causing environmental and soil contaminations. Heavy metals enter the plant system through soil or via the atmosphere, and can accumulate, affecting physiological processes, plant growth, yield, and human health if heavy metals are stored in edible tissues. Understanding the regulation mechanisms of plant heavy metals accumulation and partitioning is important to improve the safety of the food chain. In this Special Issue book, a total of 19 articles were included; four reviews covering phytoremediation, manganese phytotoxicity in plants, the effect of cadmium on plant development, the genetic characteristics of Cd accumulation, and the research status of genes and QTLs in rice, respectively, as well as fifteen original research articles, mainly regarding the impact of cadmium on plants. Cadmium was therefore the predominant topic of this Special Issue, increasing the attention of the research community on the negative impacts determined by cadmium or cadmium associated with other heavy metals. The articles have highlighted a great genetic variability, suggesting different possibilities for accumulation, translocation and the reduction or control of heavy metal toxicity in plants.
    Keywords: cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ; transcriptome ; Cd stress ; GhHMAD5 ; overexpression ; VIGS (virus induced gene silence) ; cadmium ; glycinebetaine ; photosynthesis ; ultrastructure ; tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) ; Cadmium ; hyperaccumulator ; Viola baoshanensis ; detoxification ; Cd ; PtoABCG36 ; tolerance ; poplar ; accumulation ; efflux ; phytoremediation ; heavy metals ; hyperaccumulation ; plant genotype improvement ; soil management ; cadmium accumulation ; absorption and transport ; QTL location ; mapping population ; rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; selenium ; cadmium stress ; auxin ; root architecture ; phosphate transporter ; Nicotiana tabacum ; oxidative stress ; cell cycle ; cell wall ; germination ; reproduction ; plant growth and development ; antioxidative system ; Brassicaceae family ; mitogen-activated protein kinases ; Ulva compressa ; antioxidant ; metal chelator ; in vivo chlorophyll a florescence ; physiology ; mitogen activated protein kinases ; metal accumulation ; DNA methylation ; ABCC transporters ; HMA2 ; wheat ; metal stress tolerance ; manganese toxicity ; Mn detoxification ; tolerance mechanism ; gene function ; subcellular compartment ; lead ; nicotianamine ; mugineic acid ; heavy metal ; toxic metal ; durum wheat ; Arabidopsis ; small heat shock protein ; OsMSR3 ; copper stress ; reactive oxygen species ; copper and zinc ; expression in bacteria ; metallothioneins ; marine alga ; Brassica campestris L. ; glutathione synthetase ; glutathione S-transferase ; alternative splicing ; Italian ryegrass root ; LmAUX1 ; hormesis ; growth ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book, as a collection of 17 research articles, provides a selection of the most recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, and applications of environmentally friendly and biodegradable biopolymer composites and nanocomposites. Recently, the demand has been growing for a clean and pollution-free environment and an evident target regarding the minimization of fossil fuel usage. Therefore, much attention has been focused on research to replace petroleum-based commodity plastics by biodegradable materials arising from biological and renewable resources. Biopolymers—polymers produced from natural sources either chemically from a biological material or biosynthesized by living organisms—are suitable alternatives for addressing these issues due to their outstanding properties, including good barrier performance, biodegradation ability, and low weight. However, they generally possess poor mechanical properties, a short fatigue life, low chemical resistance, poor long-term durability, and limited processing capability. In order to overcome these deficiencies, biopolymers can be reinforced with fillers or nanofillers (with at least one of their dimensions in the nanometer range). Bionanocomposites are advantageous for a wide range of applications, such as in medicine, pharmaceutics, cosmetics, food packaging, agriculture, forestry, electronics, transport, construction, and many more.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; TP155-156 ; biodegradable films ; chitosan ; natural rubber ; n/a ; toughening ; elastomer ; deoxycholic acid ; cellulose fibers ; amphiphilic polymer ; cross-link density ; antioxidant activity ; nanocomposites ; silk fibroin ; impact properties ; conductivity ; antimicrobial agents ; Py-GC/MS ; Poly(propylene carbonate) ; biodisintegration ; peptide-cellulose conformation ; nanocomposite ; alginate films ; toughness ; protease sensor ; physical and mechanical properties ; biocomposites ; nanocellulose ; thermal decomposition kinetics ; potato protein ; micelles ; nanofibers ; mechanical properties ; active packaging materials ; cellulose ; structural profile ; glycol chitosan ; glass transition ; essential oils ; compatibility ; plasticized starch ; natural fibers ; biopolyester ; human neutrophil elastase ; biodegradation ; bio-composites ; fiber/matrix adhesion ; ?-tocopherol succinate ; MgO whiskers ; carbon nanotubes ; PLLA ; electrospinning ; chitin nanofibrils ; FTIR ; biopolymers composites ; DMA ; wheat gluten ; water uptake ; folic acid ; polycarbonate ; aerogel ; surfactant ; paclitaxel ; chemical pre-treatment ; biomass ; thermoplastic polyurethane ; poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate) ; stress-strain ; polyfunctional monomers ; bio-based polymers ; tensile properties ; compatibilizer ; TG/FTIR ; PVA ; in vitro degradation ; poly(lactic acid) ; heat deflection temperature ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This Special Issue addresses relations between tourism activities, smart specialization strategies, and sustainable development at different territorial levels, including the local, regional, national, and international. Framed by appropriate conceptual frameworks to define the contemporary dynamics of innovation in tourism, case studies supported by advanced quantitative methods and developed in rural and urban areas of Asia, Europe, and Africa are presented and discussed. The concept of smart specialization inspires the formulation of regional innovation policies and strategies, emphasizing the importance of endogenous resources and existing territorial capabilities. By exploring the diversity and variety of each economy to develop inter-sectoral relations, this approach aims at promoting the creation of spillover effects of innovation processes supported by adequate key enabling technologies, potentially leading to the sustainable development of places, regions, and countries. As an activity that mobilizes contributions from different economic sectors, tourism may play a central role in such strategies. As described and discussed in this Special Issue, aspects related to the creative sectors of economies, information and communication technologies, traditional products and lifestyles, food production, or diverse cultural values can be mobilized to generate innovative and sustainable solutions for tourism development.
    Keywords: traditional and regional products ; gastronomy tourism ; regional cuisine ; Trabzon ; Podhale region ; sustainable livelihoods ; rural ecological environment ; rural tourism ; smart specialization ; livelihood sustainability index ; rural revitalization strategy ; innovation ; indicators ; governance ; sustainability ; competitiveness ; destination ; life-cycle ; tourism cooperation ; China-ASEAN ; cooperation structure ; driving factors ; regional tourism ; Islamic finance ; halal tourism ; fuzzy numbers ; TOPSIS ; cultural mediating effects ; halal industry ; relatedness ; proximity ; network ; specialization ; panel data ; visual impairment ; smart tourism ; mobile application ; gamification ; experience design ; social sustainability ; disability equality ; accessible tourism for all ; smart tourism technology experience ; tourist satisfaction ; happiness ; revisit intention ; nature interpretation ; visitor codes ; orientation signage ; tour guiding ; visitor management ; Maasai Mara ; sustainable tourism development ; tourism policy ; sustainability indicators ; cluster analysis ; factor analysis ; Mediterranean ; DPSIR ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The papers collected in this Special Issue entitled “Electrospun Nanomaterials: Applications in Food, Environmental Remediation, and Bioengineering” illustrate the high diversity and potential for implementation of electrospun nanofibers in these fields, including the covering of a wide number of subtopics. Examples of these applications have included bioactive scaffolds, wound healing dressings, compound protective nanoreservoirs and sustained and controlled release systems. An important driver of these applications results from advances in materials science and new nanofiber manufacturing processes. Definitely, such pieces of fundamental research will contribute to the promotion of electrospinning as a focal point in the future development of technological applications at the interface of biological systems, which promise long-term benefits for both health and the environment.
    Keywords: electrospinning ; curcumin ; PLA/PEG/curcumin nanofiber ; drug release ; porous nanofiber ; polycaprolactone ; nanofibers ; COOH plasma ; cell adhesion and spreading ; cell viability ; freeze–thawed platelet-rich plasma immobilization ; piezoelectricity ; scaffold ; polyvinylidene fluoride ; polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene ; tissue engineering ; osteoblast ; neuron ; stem cell ; aligned fiber ; HDPAF ; micro-nanofibers ; β-carotene ; thermoprotection ; photoprotection ; antibacterial effect ; centella ; propolis ; hinokitiol ; biodegradable polymer ; PHBH ; nanofiber ; food packaging ; functional membrane ; biomaterials ; polymers ; PMVE/MA ; nanoparticles ; nanoencapsulation ; antibiotics ; electrospun nanofibers ; polyethylene oxide nanofibers PEO-NFs ; microbial fuel cells ; honey ; food industry ; recovered energy (Erec) ; chitosan ; chitin nanofibrils ; hemostatic material ; hemorrhage ; photoactive nanoparticles ; cadmium selenide ; cellulose acetate ; electrospun fibers ; solar thermal ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Catalyst lifetime represents one of the most crucial economic aspects in industrial catalytic processes, due to costly shutdowns, catalyst replacements, and proper disposal of spent materials. Not surprisingly, there is considerable motivation to understand and treat catalyst deactivation, poisoning, and regeneration, which causes this research topic to continue to grow. The complexity of catalyst poisoning obviously increases along with the increasing use of biomass/waste-derived/residual feedstocks and with requirements for cleaner and novel sustainable processes. This book collects 15 research papers providing insights into several scientific and technical aspects of catalyst poisoning and deactivation, proposing more tolerant catalyst formulations, and exploring possible regeneration strategies.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; TP155-156 ; cyclic operation ; n/a ; nickel catalysts ; regeneration ; Cu/SSZ-13 ; syngas ; NH3-SCR ; oxysulfate ; Ni-catalyst ; MW incinerator ; iso-octane ; hydrogenation ; dry reforming of methane ; oxysulfide ; Co-Zn/H-Beta ; Low-temperature catalyst ; Rh catalysts ; deactivation ; vanadia species ; SO2 poisoning ; vehicle emission control ; barium carbonate ; sodium ions ; sulfur deactivation ; tetragonal zirconia ; sulfur poisoning ; Liquefied natural gas ; water ; deactivation by coking ; phase stabilization ; catalyst ; NO removal ; physico-chemical characterization ; octanol ; SEM ; aluminum sulfate ; oxygen storage capacity ; unusual deactivation ; diesel ; nitrous oxide ; exhaust gas ; over-reduction ; poisoning ; catalyst deactivation ; ammonium sulfates ; CO2 reforming ; SO3 ; Rh ; in situ regeneration ; copper ; V2O5–WO3/TiO2 catalysts ; palladium sulfate ; Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) ; biogas ; thermal stability ; phthalic anhydride ; octanal ; natural gas ; sulfur-containing sodium salts ; washing ; coke deposition ; vanadia-titania catalyst ; CPO reactor ; homogeneous catalysis ; NOx reduction by C3H8 ; nitrogen oxides ; effect of flow rate ; DeNOx ; catalytic methane combustion ; deactivation mechanism ; TEM ; catalyst durability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This highly informative and carefully presented book covers the most recent advances as well as comprehensive reviews addressing novel and state-of-the-art topics from active researchers in innovative advanced materials and hybrid materials, concerning not only their synthesis, preparation, and characterization but especially focusing on the applications of such materials with outstanding performance.
    Keywords: non-isothermal crystallisation kinetics ; multi-modal polymer ; graphene-based polymer nanocomposite ; carbon black fillers. ; n/a ; Li4Ti5O12 ; magnesium batteries ; cathodes ; MgCl2 ; garnet ; dual substitution ; spark plasma sintering ; conductivity ; activated carbon ; steam activation ; low-density polyethylene ; electric double layer capacitor ; solid fluoride electrolytes ; ceramics ; LaF3 ; fluorine-ion batteries ; metal current collectors ; electrochemical stability ; cyclic voltammetry ; copper-manganese alloy ; energy storage ; supercapacitor ; graphitic carbon nitride ; TiO2 nanotube ; MoS2 ; Al2O3 ; atomic layer deposition ; Li-ion microbatteries ; nano-catalyst ; noble metals ; TUD-1 ; mesoporous silica ; CO-oxidation ; air purification ; W2C ; WS2 ; hydrothermal ; nanoflowers ; lithium-ion batteries ; CdTe ; nanocrystal ; solar cells ; Spiro ; biomass carbon electrodes ; battery and supercapacitors ; structure–performance relationship ; Lithium-ion batteries ; LiMn2O4 nanoparticles ; Mg-doped ; kinetic and thermodynamic ; thermogravimetric analysis ; Pechini-type sol–gel process ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have attracted a large amount of interest in research laboratories worldwide in recent decades, motivated by the gap between a growing interest in developing novel mixed matrix membranes by various research groups and the lack of large-scale implementation. This Special Issue contains six publications dealing with the current opportunities and challenges of mixed matrix membranes development and applications to solve environmental and health challenges of the society of 21st century.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; TP155-156 ; modeling ; neural tissue regeneration ; membrane fabrication ; nanoporous polybenzimidazole membranes ; photo-assisted polymerization ; poly (?-caprolactone) ; supported ionic liquid membranes ; CH4 selective membranes ; flat-sheet membrane ; hollow fiber membrane ; ion exchange capacity ; reduced graphene oxide ; polymer of intrinsic microporosity ; CH4 solubility ; RHO ; temperature ; porous nanoparticles ; protic imidazolium ionic liquids ; POSS® ; mixed matrix membranes ; characterization techniques ; membrane modification ; in vitro human neural models ; small-pore zeolites (CHA ; Poly(trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP) ; LTA) ; filler dispersion ; gas separation ; water vapor ; gas separation membrane ; CO2 separation ; nanocomposite membranes ; hydrolytic bulk degradation mechanism ; PVA ; compatibility ; borane ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Nanostructured zinc oxide materials are capturing a great deal of interest thanks to their outstanding and multifunctional properties, enabling broad series of intervention in the field of nanomedicine. ZnO can be easily prepared in a broad variety of shapes and shows anticancer and antimicrobial properties that are of interest for tissue engineering, controlled delivery of therapeutics, and even theranostics. This book is thus dedicated to the most recent advances in the field, presented as a collection of research papers and reviews. It spans from the synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanomaterials to their applications in the nanomedicine field, ranging from anticancer nanotherapeutics to dental implants and antibacterial agents.
    Keywords: ZnO nanoparticles ; Quantum dots ; theranostic ; drug delivery ; anti-tumour ; diabetes treatment ; anti-inflammation ; antibacterial ; antifungal ; wound healing ; denture stomatitis ; polymethylmethacrylate ; zinc oxide nanoparticles ; Candida albicans ; mesoporous glasses ; ZnO-additions ; osteostatin loading ; osteosteoblast cell cultures ; osteogenic effect ; zinc oxide ; microwave solvothermal synthesis ; hydrodynamic size ; surface chemistry ; nanocrystals ; cell cytotoxicity ; Supercritical CO2 ; ibuprofen ; NsZnO ; antimicrobial activity ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This Special Issue of Marine Drugs gathers recent investigations on the proteomes, metabolomes, transcriptomes, and the associated microbiomes of marine jellyfish and polyps, including bioactivity studies of their compounds and more generally, on their biotechnological potential, witnessing the increasingly recognized importance of Cnidaria as a largely untapped Blue Growth resource for new drug discovery. These researches evoke the outstanding ecological importance of cnidarians in marine ecosystems worldwide, calling for a global monitoring and conservation of marine biodiversity, so that the biotechnological exploitation of marine living resources will be carried out to conserve and sustainably use the natural capital of the oceans.
    Keywords: cnidarian ; sea anemone ; proteins ; toxins ; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ; MALDI-TOF/TOF ; shotgun proteomic ; Zoanthidea ; holo-transcriptome ; cnidarian transcriptome ; marine enzyme ; marine biocatalyst ; marine biotechnology ; pharmaceutical biotechnology ; anthozoa ; microbial communities ; cnidarian holobiont ; zooxanthellae ; bleaching ; antibacterial activity ; jellyfish ; Aurelia coerulea ; mucus ; proteomics ; metabolomics ; cnidarians ; gelatinous zooplankton ; bioprospecting ; novel foods ; transcriptomics ; bio-prospecting ; computational biology ; neurotoxins ; NMR spectroscopy ; biochemical characterization ; jellyfish blooms ; Cnidaria ; Ctenophora ; biodiversity ; bioactive compounds ; blue biotechnology ; invertebrate proteins ; biological activity ; antioxidants ; collagen ; pepsin hydrolysis ; collagenase hydrolysis ; oxidative stress ; keratinocytes ; cytotoxicity ; Easter Island ; Actinobacteria ; anthraquinones ; symbionts ; marine invertebrates ; spectroscopy ; chromatography ; Pelagia noctiluca ; Mediterranean jellyfish ; chemical characterization ; aquafeed and food supplements ; sustainable fishing ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The collection is diverse in the topics covered as well as the contributors, who come from across the globe. The overall topic is inherently a complex one since it integrates the exceptional complexity of cancer biology and treatment with the large and rapidly growing number of potential nanostructures and modifications that could be applied to treatment. In both cancer and nanotechnology, a very small change of a relevant variable can generate exceptional variability in biological outcome, creating inherent challenges to clinical adoption. As with many high-potential fields in medicine, the recognition of exceptional potential for nanotechnology in cancer therapy, with associated expectations of rapid clinical impact, has been followed by disappointingly slow progress that highlights not failure but rather unrealistic expectations for rapid progress. We have passed that period of expected rapid clinical impact for nanoparticle treatment of cancer and are now well-entrenched in the more realistic phase of exploiting the easiest applications, in this case packaging of established chemotherapy drugs, while carefully studying the exceptional numbers of relevant variables that must be evaluated for efficacy and safety of innovative strategies. Although never as rapid as hoped, the progress is clear and clinical impact is growing.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Graphene is probably the most fascinating material discovered in this century. A group of 2D materials can be called graphene derivatives, and these have attracted tremendous interest. This includes materials that are one or a few atoms thick. They have outstanding optical/electrical properties, and, most importantly, they are flat and thin—they can be processed with existing semiconductor technologies. Therefore, they have great potential in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics, playing a revolutionary role in these fields via their integration with other bulk materials. Of course, there are still challenges, such as large-scale production, as well as the mechanical transfer of these atomically thin sheets. These are the fields where scientists are now actively doing research. In this book, some leading scientists in the area share their most recent results on the material growth, device physics/processing, and system integration of 2D materials and devices. This book can serve as a starting point for young students to get familiar with the field, and should also be valuable to established device physicists and engineers who would like to explore the potential applications of 2D materials in electronics.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Plasmonics is a rapidly developing field that combines fundamental research and applications ranging from areas such as physics to engineering, chemistry, biology, medicine, food sciences, and the environmental sciences. Plasmonics appeared in the 1950s with the discovery of surface plasmon polaritons. Plasmonics then went through a novel propulsion in the mid-1970s, when surface-enhanced Raman scattering was discovered. Nevertheless, it is in this last decade that a very significant explosion of plasmonics and its applications has occurred. Thus, this book provides a snapshot of the current advances in these various areas of plasmonics and its applications, such as engineering, sensing, surface-enhanced fluorescence, catalysis, and photovoltaic devices.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; antenna ; diffractive efficiency ; metal-dielectric resonance ; fuel ; plasmonic molecules ; doping ; catalysis ; sum-frequency generation spectroscopy ; plasmon ; lanthanum hexaboride ; resonance modes ; sum-frequency generation ; enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; nanoparticles ; coupling compensation ; electrochemistry ; multi-channel sensing ; nonlinearity ; optical near-field ; nano-aperture ; nanomaterials ; LaB6 ; metasurfaces ; hybrid ; plasmonics ; SERS ; plasmonic materials ; heat absorption ; biosensing ; solar cell ; metasurface ; AFM-nanomanipulations ; hexaboride ; short circuit current ; non-linear optics ; aluminum ; gold ; lightning rod ; THG ; surface-enhanced fluorescence ; fuel cells ; Ni ; third harmonic generation ; sensing ; interfaces ; spectroelectrochemistry ; surface plasmons ; Perovskites ; hybrid function ; surface-enhanced Raman scattering ; sensors ; silicon ; plasmonic nanoparticles ; quantum efficiency ; surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The continuous miniaturization of products and the growing complexity of their embedded multifunctionalities necessitates continuous research and development efforts regarding micro components and related micro manufacturing technologies. Highly miniaturized systems, manufactured using a wide variety of materials, have found application in key technological fields, such as healthcare devices, micro implants, mobility, communications, optics, and micro electromechanical systems. Innovations required for the high-precision manufacturing of micro components can specifically be achieved through optimizations using post-process (i.e., offline) and in-process (i.e., online) metrology of both process input and output parameters, as well as geometrical features of the produced micro parts. However, it is of critical importance to reduce the metrology and optimization efforts, since process and product quality control can represent a significant portion of the total production time in micro manufacturing. To solve this fundamental challenge, research efforts have been undertaken in order to define, investigate, implement, and validate the so-called “product/process manufacturing fingerprint” concept. The “product manufacturing fingerprint” concept refers to those unique dimensional outcomes (e.g., surface topography, form error, critical dimensions, etc.) on the produced component that, if kept under control and within specifications, ensure that the entire micro component complies to its specifications. The “process manufacturing fingerprint” is a specific process parameter or feature to be monitored and controlled, in order to maintain the manufacture of products within the specified tolerances. By integrating both product and process manufacturing fingerprint concepts, the metrology and optimization efforts are highly reduced. Therefore, the quality of the micro products increases, with an obvious improvement in production yield. Accordingly, this Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on novel methodological developments and applications in micro- and sub-micro-scale manufacturing, process monitoring and control, as well as micro and sub-micro product quality assurance. Focus will be on micro manufacturing process chains and their micro product/process fingerprint, towards full process optimization and zero-defect micro manufacturing.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; n/a ; Fresnel lenses ; Electro sinter forging ; micro-injection moulding ; surface roughness ; charge relaxation time ; optimization ; gratings ; plasma-electrolytic polishing ; micro structures replication ; micro-grinding ; electrical discharge machining ; injection molding ; quality control ; commercial control hardware ; electrical current ; damping ; process monitoring ; fingerprints ; impact analysis ; current monitoring ; process control ; quality assurance ; surface integrity ; microfabrication ; microinjection moulding ; electro chemical machining ; superhydrophobic surface ; surface modification ; haptic actuator ; electrical discharge machining (EDM) ; surface morphology ; inline metrology ; optical quality control ; finishing ; flow length ; precision injection molding ; laser ablation ; micro metrology ; Halbach linear motor ; 2-step analysis ; computer holography ; PeP ; satellite drop ; process fingerprint ; materials characterisation ; current density ; micro drilling ; multi-spectral imaging ; lithography ; manufacturing signature ; artificial compound eye ; electrohydrodynamic jet printing ; ECM ; positioning platform ; diffractive optics ; bioceramics ; resistance sintering ; uncertainty budget ; product fingerprint ; confocal microscopy ; spectral splitting ; dental implant ; desirability function ; injection compression molding ; electrochemical machining (ECM) ; high strain rate effect ; process fingerprints ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book, a collection of 12 original contributions and 4 reviews, provides a selection of the most recent advances in the preparation, characterization, and applications of polymeric nanocomposites comprising nanoparticles. The concept of nanoparticle-reinforced polymers came about three decades ago, following the outstanding discovery of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. One of the main ideas behind this approach is to improve the matrix mechanical performance. The nanoparticles exhibit higher specific surface area, surface energy, and density compared to microparticles and, hence, lower nanofiller concentrations are needed to attain properties comparable to, or even better than, those obtained by conventional microfiller loadings, which facilitates processing and minimizes the increase in composite weight. The addition of nanoparticles into different polymer matrices opens up an important research area in the field of composite materials. Moreover, many different types of inorganic nanoparticles, such as quantum dots, metal oxides, and ceramic and metallic nanoparticles, have been incorporated into polymers for their application in a wide range of fields, ranging from medicine to photovoltaics, packaging, and structural applications.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; TP155-156 ; ceramizable silicone rubber ; halloysite ; encapsulant ; drug delivery ; fillers ; ultraviolet (UV) curable coatings ; PDMS etching ; nanoparticles ; roughness ; methacryl POSS ; composite ; chlorogenic acid ; hydrophilic ; surface free energy ; theranostics ; 29Si-NMR ; borate ; dental resin ; morphology ; surface ; fabrication ; polydimethylsiloxane ; recessed electrode ; swelling ; MAPOSS ; X-ray (Micro-CT) microtomography ; mechanical properties ; plateau-shaped electrode ; hybrid hydrogel ; hardness ; sugar templating process ; bioactivity ; amphiphilic ; high molecular weight ; low surface energy materials ; PDMS ; quartz microcrystal ; 3D porous network ; fluorinated siloxane resin ; mortar ; surface modification ; poly(dimethylsiloxanes) ; scratch resistance ; multielectrode array (MEA) ; non-releasable ; sol-gel ; topology of polysiloxane chains ; cross-linking ; FTIR ; diethyl carbonate ; poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) ; TG-FTIR ; organosilane ; anti-bioadhesion ; carbon content ; nanomedicine ; thermal stability ; hybrids ; underexposure ; nanosilica ; hyperbranched poly(methylhydrosiloxanes) ; spinal cord signal recording ; ceramizable mechanism ; coatings ; TG ; silicon ; polysiloxanes ; basalt fibre ; refractive index ; drug release ; thermal conductivity ; hydrolytic polycondensation ; shrinkage ; polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Yeasts are truly fascinating microorganisms. Due to their diverse and dynamic activities, they have been used for the production of many interesting products, such as beer, wine, bread, biofuels and biopharmaceuticals. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (bakers’ yeast) is the yeast species that is surely the most exploited by man. Saccharomyces is a top choice organism for industrial applications, although its use for producing beer dates back to at least the 6th millennium BC. Bakers’ yeast has been a cornerstone of modern biotechnology, enabling the development of efficient production processes for antibiotics, biopharmaceuticals, technical enzymes, and ethanol and biofuels. Today, diverse yeast species are explored for industrial applications, such as e.g. Saccharomyces species, Pichia pastoris and other Pichia species, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Hansenula polymorpha, Yarrowia lipolytica, Candida species, Phaffia rhodozyma, wild yeasts for beer brewing, etc. This Special Issue is focused on recent developments of yeast biotechnology with topics including recent techniques for characterizing yeast and their physiology (including omics and nanobiotechnology techniques), methods to adapt industrial strains (including metabolic, synthetic and evolutionary engineering) and the use of yeasts as microbial cell factories to produce biopharmaceuticals, enzymes, alcohols, organic acids, flavours and fine chemicals, and advances in yeast fermentation technology and industrial fermentation processes.
    Keywords: coffee processing ; coffee fermentation ; starter culture ; coffee beverage ; yeast ; Icewine ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; hyperosmotic stress ; CRISPR-Cas9 ; glycerol transport ; STL1 ; brewing ; Cyberlindnera ; NABLAB ; non-alcoholic beer ; non-conventional yeast ; non-Saccharomyces yeast ; response surface methodology ; Ustilago ; itaconic acid ; process improvement ; lignocellulosic feedstock ; yeasts ; grape ; federweisser ; wine ; microbiota identification ; MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper ; Torulaspora delbrueckii ; craft beer ; microbrewery plant ; mixed fermentation ; aroma profile ; strain collection ; aroma profiling ; gas chromatography ; wine yeast ; Saccharomyces ; fermentation ; volatile aroma compounds ; Simultaneous inoculation ; Alcoholic fermentation ; Malolactic fermentation ; Sacccharomyces cerevisiae ; Oenococcus oeni ; PN4TM ; OmegaTM ; Aroma profile ; antioxidant ; coffee ; W. anomalus ; industrial brewer’s strains ; adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) ; snowflake phenotype ; beer fermentation ; wine yeasts ; lactic acid bacteria ; co-inoculation ; sequence inoculation ; flavor compounds ; color pigments ; cell printing ; piezoelectric dispensing ; GFP-tagged yeast clone collection ; living cell microarrays ; microfluidic chip ; dynamic single-cell analysis ; Candida albicans ; adhesion ; fibronectin ; nanomotion ; atomic force microscope (AFM) ; xylose metabolism ; genetic engineering ; biofuel ; Spathaspora passalidarum ; Pichia stipitis ; volatile organic compounds ; proton-transfer reaction-mass spectrometry ; Metschnikowia pulcherrima ; flavor ; non-Saccharomyces yeasts ; fermentation-derived products ; fermented beverages ; beer ; coffee bean fermentation ; itaconic acid production ; bioethanol production ; bioreactors ; yeast micro- and nanobiotechnology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Since the advent of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods in the early 1990s, Bayesian methods have been proposed for a large and growing number of applications. One of the main advantages of Bayesian inference is the ability to deal with many different sources of uncertainty, including data, models, parameters and parameter restriction uncertainties, in a unified and coherent framework. This book contributes to this literature by collecting a set of carefully evaluated contributions that are grouped amongst two topics in financial economics. The first three papers refer to macro-finance issues for real economy, including the elasticity of factor substitution (ES) in the Cobb–Douglas production function, the effects of government public spending components, and quantitative easing, monetary policy and economics. The last three contributions focus on cryptocurrency and stock market predictability. All arguments are central ingredients in the current economic discussion and their importance has only been further emphasized by the COVID-19 crisis.
    Keywords: unconventional monetary policy ; transmission channel ; Bayesian TVP-SV-VAR ; Bayesian econometrics ; portfolio choice ; sentiments ; stock market predictability ; cryptocurrency ; Bitcoin ; forecasting ; point forecast ; density forecast ; dynamic model averaging ; dynamic model selection ; forgetting factors ; military and civilian spending ; DSGE model ; fiscal policy ; monetary policy ; Bayesian estimation ; Bayesian VAR ; density forecasting ; time-varying volatility ; ES ; CES function ; Bayesian nonlinear mixed-effects regression ; MCMC methods ; macroeconomic and financial applications ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Mesoscopic physics deals with systems larger than single atoms but small enough to retain their quantum properties. The possibility to create and manipulate conductors of the nanometer scale has given birth to a set of phenomena that have revolutionized physics: quantum Hall effects, persistent currents, weak localization, Coulomb blockade, etc. This Special Issue tackles the latest developments in the field. Contributors discuss time-dependent transport, quantum pumping, nanoscale heat engines and motors, molecular junctions, electron–electron correlations in confined systems, quantum thermo-electrics and current fluctuations. The works included herein represent an up-to-date account of exciting research with a broad impact in both fundamental and applied topics.
    Keywords: quantum transport ; quantum interference ; shot noise ; persistent current ; mesoscale and nanoscale physics ; Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology ; electron quantum optics ; photo-assisted noise ; charge and heat fluctuations ; time-dependent transport ; electron–photon coupling ; open quantum systems ; phonon transport ; nanostructured materials ; green’s functions ; density-functional tight binding ; Landauer approach, time-dependent transport ; graphene nanoribbons ; nonequilibrium Green’s function ; electronic transport ; thermal transport ; strongly correlated systems ; Landauer-Büttiker formalism ; Boltzmann transport equation ; time-dependent density functional theory ; electron–phonon coupling ; molecular junctions ; thermoelectric properties ; electron–vibration interactions ; electron–electron interactions ; thermoelectricity ; heat engines ; mesoscopic physics ; fluctuations ; thermodynamic uncertainty relations ; quantum thermodynamics ; steady-state dynamics ; nonlinear transport ; adiabatic quantum motors ; adiabatic quantum pumps ; quantum heat engines ; quantum refrigerators ; transport through quantum dots ; spin pump ; spin-orbit interaction ; quantum adiabatic pump ; interferometer ; geometric phase ; nonadiabaticity ; quantum heat pumping ; spin pumping ; relaxation ; time evolution ; quantum information ; entropy production ; Renyi entropy ; superconducting proximity effect ; Kondo effect ; spin polarization ; Anreev reflection ; conditional states ; conditional wavefunction ; Markovian and Non-Markovian dynamics ; stochastic Schrödinger equation ; quantum electron transport ; quantum dots ; fluctuation–dissipation theorem ; Onsager relations ; dynamics of strongly correlated quantum systems ; quantum capacitor ; local fermi liquids ; kondo effect ; coulomb blockade ; mesoscopic systems ; nanophysics ; quantum noise ; quantum pumping ; thermoelectrics ; heat transport ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This Special Issue includes recent research articles and extensive reviews on graphene-based next-generation electronics, bringing together perspectives from different branches of science and engineering. The papers presented in this volume cover experimental, computational and theoretical aspects of the electrical and thermal properties of graphene and its applications in batteries, electrodes, sensors and ferromagnetism. In addition, this Special Issue covers many important state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies regarding the synthesis, fabrication, characterization and applications of graphene-based nanocomposites.
    Keywords: graphene ; chemical vapor deposition ; electronic materials ; enantiomer recognition ; phenylalanine ; liquid exfoliation ; polyvinylidene fluoride ; conductive adhesives ; flexiable ; carbon honeycomb ; molecular dynamics ; LAMMPS ; uniaxial tension ; nanoindentation ; EDLC ; rGO scrolls ; thiol functionalization ; supercapacitor ; energy and power density ; carbon foam ; nanomaterials ; phase change material ; thermal conductivity ; latent heat storage ; graphene oxide ; PEEP ; ROP ; grafting-from ; electrical ; thermal ; thermoelectric ; applications ; hydrogenated epitaxial graphene ; electronic structure ; ferromagnetism ; Graphene ; Graphene Oxide ; 2D materials ; Electrochemical ; Biosensor ; mechanical properties ; thermal properties ; defect ; molecular dynamic ; CVD graphene ; transfer ; ruga ; wrinkle ; ripple ; Raman spectroscopy ; AFM ; SnO2 aerogel ; sol–gel method ; nanocomposite ; photocatalysis ; PVDF ; HDPE ; graphene nanoplatelet ; nanocomposites ; electrical properties ; electronic and thermal properties ; electronic and thermal conductivity ; quantum Hall effect ; Dirac fermions ; Seebeck coefficient ; thermoelectric effect ; graphene-based applications ; metasurface ; phase shift ; polarization ; wavefront shaping ; tunability ; humidity sensors ; reduced graphene oxide ; chemical modified graphene ; graphene/polymer ; graphene quantum dots ; graphene/metal oxide ; graphene/2D materials ; carbon-coated separator ; polysulfide ; shuttle effect ; lithium–sulfur batteries ; pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) ; isotropic pitch ; carbon fiber ; transparent heater ; PECVD ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Electrochemical energy storage technologies play key roles for storing electricity harvested from renewable energy resources of an intermittent nature, such as solar and wind, and for utilizing electricity for a range of applications, such as electric vehicles and flights, wearable electronics, and medical implants. This book collects original research work on the fabrication of various nanomaterials, their applications in battery and supercapacitor technologies, and the investigation of the underlying structure-property-performance correlation in these complex energy systems.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The development of micro- and nanodevices for blood analysis is an interdisciplinary subject that demands the integration of several research fields, such as biotechnology, medicine, chemistry, informatics, optics, electronics, mechanics, and micro/nanotechnologies. Over the last few decades, there has been a notably fast development in the miniaturization of mechanical microdevices, later known as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), which combine electrical and mechanical components at a microscale level. The integration of microflow and optical components in MEMS microdevices, as well as the development of micropumps and microvalves, have promoted the interest of several research fields dealing with fluid flow and transport phenomena happening in microscale devices. Microfluidic systems have many advantages over their macroscale counterparts, offering the ability to work with small sample volumes, providing good manipulation and control of samples, decreasing reaction times, and allowing parallel operations in one single step. As a consequence, microdevices offer great potential for the development of portable and point-of-care diagnostic devices, particularly for blood analysis. Moreover, the recent progress in nanotechnology has contributed to its increasing popularity, and has expanded the areas of application of microfluidic devices, including in the manipulation and analysis of flows on the scale of DNA, proteins, and nanoparticles (nanoflows). In this Special Issue, we invited contributions (original research papers, review articles, and brief communications) that focus on the latest advances and challenges in micro- and nanodevices for diagnostics and blood analysis, micro- and nanofluidics, technologies for flow visualization, MEMS, biochips, and lab-on-a-chip devices and their application to research and industry. We hope to provide an opportunity to the engineering and biomedical community to exchange knowledge and information and to bring together researchers who are interested in the general field of MEMS and micro/nanofluidics and, especially, in its applications to biomedical areas.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; red blood cells ; n/a ; metastatic potential ; microfluidic devices ; microstructure ; lens-less ; regression analysis ; power-law fluid ; narrow rectangular microchannel ; biomedical coatings ; XTC-YF cells ; red blood cell (RBC) aggregation ; Y-27632 ; finite element method ; POCT ; CEA detection ; immersed boundary method ; suspension ; particle tracking velocimetry ; biomicrofluidics ; computational fluid dynamics ; red blood cells (RBCs) ; modified conventional erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) method ; computational biomechanics ; RBC aggregation index ; microfabrication ; microfluidics ; morphological analysis ; chronic renal disease ; multiple microfluidic channels ; centrifugal microfluidic device ; deformability ; master molder using xurography technique ; fluorescent chemiluminescence ; hydrophobic dish ; pressure-driven flow ; cell deformability ; mechanophenotyping ; separation and sorting techniques ; density medium ; cell adhesion ; polymers ; rheology ; circular microchannel ; blood on chips ; multinucleated cells ; velocity ; cell analysis ; microfluidic chip ; twin-image removal ; cancer ; Lattice–Boltzmann method ; diabetes ; hyperbolic microchannel ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The concept of a circular economy relies on waste reduction, valorization, and recycling. Global trends for “green” synthesis of chemicals have positioned the field of enzyme technology and biocatalysis (multi-enzymes and whole-cells) as an alternative for the synthesis of more social- and environmentally-responsible bio-based chemicals. Recent advances in synthetic biology, computational tools, and metabolic engineering have supported the discovery of new enzymes and the rational design of whole-cell biocatalysts. In this book, we highlight these current advances in the field of biocatalysis, with special emphasis on novel enzymes and whole-cell biocatalysts for applications in several industrial biotechnological applications.
    Keywords: 2G ethanol ; hemicellulose usage ; S. cerevisiae ; enzyme immobilization ; cell immobilization ; SHIF ; mannonate dehydratase ; mannose metabolism ; Thermoplasma acidophilum ; mannono-1,4-lactone ; 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate ; aldohexose dehydrogenase ; cyclodextrin glucanotransferases ; large-ring cyclodextrins ; semi rational mutagenesis ; carbohydrate active enzymes ; archaea ; glycosidase ; Sulfolobus solfataricus ; Saccharolobus solfataricus ; Lactobacillus ; β-galactosidase ; immobilization ; cell surface display ; LysM domains ; biocatalysis ; extremophile ; 5-hydroxymethylfurfural ; 5-hydroxymethylfuroic acid ; platform chemicals ; whole cells ; New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase ; NDM-24 ; kinetic profile ; secondary structure ; glycoside hydrolase ; thioglycosides ; Fervidobacterium ; endo-β-1,3-glucanase ; laminarinase ; thermostable ; gene duplication ; cofactor F420 ; deazaflavin ; oxidoreductase ; hydride transfer ; hydrogenation ; asymmetric synthesis ; cofactor biosynthesis ; ω-transaminase ; α-methylbenzylamine ; chiral amine ; biotransformation ; biodiesel ; waste cooking oil ; lipase immobilization ; interfacial activation ; functionalized magnetic nanoparticles ; DNase ; kinetic profiles ; RNase ; semi-rational mutagenesis ; substrate specificity ; engineered Escherichia coli ; flavonoid glucuronides ; multienzyme whole-cell biocatalyst ; organic solvents ; psychrophilic yeast ; hormone-sensitive lipase ; Glaciozyma antarctica ; Antarctica and homology modelling ; keratinase ; serine protease ; metalloprotease ; peptidase ; keratin hydrolysis ; keratin waste ; valorisation ; bioactive peptides ; ene reductase ; enzyme sourcing ; old yellow enzyme ; solvent stability ; machine learning ; flux optimization ; artificial neural network ; synthetic biology ; glycolysis ; metabolic pathways optimization ; cell-free systems ; hydrolase ; lipase ; esterase ; Bacillus subtilis lipase A ; transesterification ; organic solvent ; water activity ; immobilized lipase ; RSM ; fuel properties ; chemo-enzymatic synthesis ; glycosyl transferases ; protein engineering ; carbohydrates ; industrial enzymes ; thermostable enzymes ; glycoside hydrolases ; cell-free biocatalysis ; natural and non-natural multi-enzyme pathways ; bio-based chemicals ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Energy storage is one of the most important enablers for the transformation to a sustainable energy supply with greater mobility. For vehicles, but also for many stationary applications, the batteries used for energy storage are very flexible but also have a rather limited lifetime compared to other storage principles. This Special Issue is a collection of articles that collectively address the following questions: What are the factors influencing the aging of different energy storage technologies? How can we extend the lifetime of storage systems? How can the aging of an energy storage be detected and predicted? When do we have to exchange the storage device? The articles cover lithium-ion batteries, supercaps, and flywheels.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The advent of graphene and, more recently, two-dimensional materials has opened new perspectives in electronics, optoelectronics, energy harvesting, and sensing applications. This book, based on a Special Issue published in Nanomaterials – MDPI covers experimental, simulation, and theoretical research on 2D materials and their van der Waals heterojunctions. The emphasis is the physical properties and the applications of 2D materials in state-of-the-art sensors and electronic or optoelectronic devices.
    Keywords: ZnO/WS2 ; ZnO/WSe2 ; photocatalysis ; hybrid density functional ; copper vanadate ; photoanode ; water splitting ; graphene oxide ; Stone–Wales defected graphene ; half-metallocene ; adsorption energy ; density of states ; and magnetic property ; palladium selenide monolayer ; physical properties ; light-harvesting performance ; type-II heterostructure ; first principles calculations ; 2D materials ; field effect transistors ; PMMA ; tungsten diselenide ; graphene/MoS2 heterostructure ; optical properties ; electronic structure ; Layer-dependent ; Indium Selenide ; density functional theory ; work function ; MXene ; Ti3C2Tx ; transition metal dichalcogenides ; surface plasmon resonance ; sensitivity ; CdS/g-C3N4 ; strain-tunable ; WS2 ; large-area ; CVD ; fluorescence emission ; Raman mapping ; mechanical behaviors ; electronic properties ; photocatalytic properties ; graphene ; Schottky barrier ; diode ; photodetector ; heterojunction ; MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) capacitor ; responsivity ; transition metal dichalcogenide ; van der Waals heterostructure ; photodetection ; photovoltaics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The present Special Issue, “Innovative Extraction Techniques and Hyphenated Instrument Configuration for Complex Matrices Analysis”, aims to collect and to disseminate some of the most significant and recent contributions in the interdisciplinary area of innovative extraction procedures from complex matrices followed by validated analytical methods using hyphenated instrument configurations to support the optimization of the whole process and the scale-up possibility
    Keywords: T1-995 ; TP155-156 ; alginate ; n/a ; heavy metals ; high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) ; microwave processing ; phytochemicals ; microNIR ; antioxidant activity ; in-line monitoring ; Wuyi Rock tea ; metabolomics ; seawater ; optimization ; walnut septum ; color analysis ; metabolite profiling ; rosuvastatin ; dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction ; antioxidant ; mouse melanoma B16 cells ; nails ; extraction ; sample preparation ; quality ; MAE ; Panax notoginseng ; physicochemical properties ; flow injection ; ionic liquids ; branched-chain keto acids ; Semen Cuscutae ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; volatile organic compounds ; odor ; SFE ; single-drop microextraction ; experimental design ; cluster analysis ; therapeutic drug monitoring ; Thymus algeriensis ; metformin ; tyrosinase ; gas chromatography-olfactometry ; Ajuga genevensis ; phytosterols ; serum ; diabetes ; GHB ; polyphenols ; ultrasound assisted extraction ; microextraction ; oolong tea ; alkaloid ; minor ginsenosides ; inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry ; wood ; stir bar sorptive extraction ; HPLC-Q-TOF/MS ; GHB glucuronide ; Hericium erinaceuns mycelium ; endogenous values ; cultivars ; Tieguanyin tea cultivar ; SIRT1 ; modification ; HPLC-MS/MS ; fluid bed process ; steamed Panax notoginseng ; dry extract ; UPLC-QTOF MS ; flavonoids ; blood-enriching activity ; UPLC-QqQ MS ; HPLC-PDA ; neurodegenerative disease ; biological activity ; rare earth elements ; response surface methodology ; solid-phase microextraction ; Ultra-Turrax extraction ; bovine hide ; ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry ; gel strength ; hematopoiesis ; genistein ; muscle ; Lycium ruthenicun ; hemostatic activity ; flavonoid ; ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ; HILIC ; surfactant ; saponins ; pigments ; chlorogenic acids ; daidzein ; Fe3O4 ; LC-MS ; Asphodeline lutea ; actinidin ; total polyphenolic content ; stir cake sorptive extraction ; gelatin ; ruthenicunoid A ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Fluid interfaces are promising candidates for confining different types of materials, e.g., polymers, surfactants, colloids, and even small molecules, to be used in designing new functional materials with reduced dimensionality. The development of such materials requires a deepening of the physicochemical bases underlying the formation of layers at fluid interfaces as well as on the characterization of their structures and properties. This is of particular importance because the constraints associated with the assembly of materials at the interface lead to the emergence of equilibrium and features of dynamics in the interfacial systems, which are far removed from those conventionally found in traditional materials. This Special Issue is devoted to studies on the fundamental and applied aspects of fluid interfaces, and attempts to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current status of the research field.
    Keywords: polyelectrolyte ; surfactants ; kinetically trapped aggregates ; interfaces ; surface tension ; interfacial dilational rheology ; adsorption ; nonlinear stretching sheet ; viscoelastic fluid ; MHD ; viscous dissipation ; underwater vehicle ; sea-water pump ; vibration isolation ; flexible pipes ; cationic surfactants ; Gemini 12-2-12 surfactant ; dynamic surface tension ; maximum bubble pressure ; surface potential ; nanofluid ; stretching surface ; rotating fluid ; Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) ; porous media ; magnetohydrodynamics ; hybrid nanofluid ; stretching cylinder ; flow characteristics ; nanoparticles ; convective heat transfer ; interfacial tensions ; dilational rheology ; biocompatible emulsions ; partition coefficient ; Tween 80 ; saponin ; citronellol glucoside ; MCT oil ; Miglyol 812N ; lipids ; pollutants ; Langmuir monolayers ; particles ; rheology ; neutron reflectometry ; ellipsometry ; DPPC ; lipid monolayers ; air/water interface ; entropy ; second grade nanofluid ; Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model ; nonlinear thermal radiation ; Joule heating ; fluid displacement ; inverse Saffman–Taylor instability ; partially miscible ; Korteweg force ; gyrotactic microorganisms ; micropolar magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) ; Maxwell nanofluid ; single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) ; thermal radiation ; chemical reaction ; mixed convection ; permeability ; confinement ; dynamics ; materials ; applications ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book is about supramolecular gold chemistry. This book provides a unique international forum aimed at covering a broad description of results involving the supramolecular chemistry of gold with a special focus on the gold–sulfur interface leading to hybrid materials ranging from gold–thiolate complexes to thiolate-protected gold nanoclusters and gold–thiolate supramolecular assemblies or nanoparticles. The role of thiolates on the structure and optical features of gold nanohybrid systems (ranging from plasmonic gold nanoparticles and fluorescent gold nanoclusters to self-assembled Au-containing thiolated coordination polymers) is highlighted in the 12 papers presented in this book.
    Keywords: alloy ; metal exchange ; atomically precise ; gold nanoclusters ; thiolate ; catenane ; ion mobility ; DFT calculations ; gold nanocluster ; cross-coupling ; Ullmann hetero-coupling ; Sonogashira coupling ; Suzuki coupling ; A3−coupling ; catalytic mechanism ; ligand removal ; gold nanomaterials ; electron dynamics ; phonon dynamics ; optical properties ; Au70S20(PPh3)12 cluster ; superatom network model ; electronic structure ; geometric structure ; gold nanoparticles ; graphene oxide ; laser ablation ; Au-GO nano-hybrid ; coordination polymer structure ; amino acids ; template-assisted synthesis ; fluorescence ; Au(I)-thiolate ; gold nanohybrid materials ; 3-MBA/Au MPCs ; TEA-HFIP ; ESI-MS ; HPLC-MS ; bidentate binding ; gold thiolate ; coordination polymer ; lamellar structure ; luminescence ; polymer composite ; gold ; cluster ; catalyst ; hydrogen evolution reaction ; oxygen evolution reaction ; oxygen reduction reaction ; water splitting ; fuel cells ; ligand-protected ; photoluminescence mechanism ; metal nanoclusters ; quantum confinement effect ; ligand effect ; p band intermediate state (PBIS) ; interface state ; nanocatalysis ; 6-aza-2-thio-thymine ; protein ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Milk processing is one of the most ancient food technologies, dating back to around 6000 B.C. A huge number of milk products have been developed worldwide, representing a spectacular example of biodiversity and a priceless cultural heritage. After millennia of unanimous appreciation as a pillar of human nutrition, a series of questions about the desirability of their wide consumption have been raised. In the light of the growing threat deriving mostly from the spread of veganism and health consciousness, improving milk prcoessing safety and dairy nutritional characteristics, as well as deepening their functional characteristics, are of a primary exigency. This Special Issue contains several articles focusing on this hot topic, all of which add knowledge to the field and supply interesting ideas for developing new products and processes.
    Keywords: milk composition ; Parmigiano Reggiano cheese ; cheese-making efficiency ; curd fines ; cheese-making losses ; zinc ; ewes’ milk cheese ; rumenic acid ; zinc-dependent enzyme ; volatile compound ; cheesemaking ; donkey milk ; fatty acids ; sensory analysis ; VOC ; starch ; yogurt ; rheology ; sensory ; texture ; defatted cheese ; peptides ; amino acids ; bioactivity ; digestibility ; cheese quality ; mountain cheese ; fatty acid profile ; volatile organic compounds ; sensory properties ; milk clotting ; cheese ; kiwifruit ; actinidin ; nutraceutical properties ; microstructure ; Raman spectroscopy ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; cheese freezing ; cream cheese ; NMR spectroscopy ; cryoprotectants ; black tea ; acidified dairy gel ; textural property ; antioxidant capacity ; functional yogurt ; fenugreek and Moringa oleifera seed flours ; total phenolic content ; antioxidant activity ; antibacterial activity ; mineral content ; Rubus suavissimus S. Lee (Chinese sweet tea) ; antioxidant ; anticancer ; antihypertensive ; polymerized goat milk whey protein ; soy isoflavones ; nanoparticle ; physicochemical property ; milk fat globules ; bovine milk proteins ; milk fat globule membrane ; comparative proteomics ; infant formula preparation ; n/a ; panela cheese ; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition ; probiotic addition ; DPPH ; ABTS ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book focuses on the utilization of biomass for energy applications and mainly covers the original research and studies related to thermochemical conversion, biological conversion and physical conversion. It contains a summary the current scientific knowledge in the field of biomass utilization, which is the first of its kind in the literature. Energy potentials and different principles of energy transformation from various renewable energy sources (bamboo, wood residue, straw, sorrel, hay, pines, sunflower stalks, hazelnut husks, quinoa, camelina, crambe, safflower, muscantus and municipal sewage sludge, among others) are described in detail in this book. Different types of pyrolysis or torrefaction processing, combustion, thermal degradation, mechanical properties affecting processing, pre-treatment or treatment processes, or other processes based on thermochemical methods are described as well. The integral part of this book is the bibliometric analysis of worldwide publication trends on biomass and bioenergy with respect to the research evolution with the possibility of predicting future scenarios and the participation of stakeholders in the sector.
    Keywords: pyrolysis ; catalyst ; wood ; waste ; energy ; biogas ; biomass ; cropping system ; establishment ; intercropping ; low-input ; maize ; miscanthus ; methane yield ; perennial crop ; solid biofuel ; waste management ; Coffea spp. ; waste biomass ; calorific value ; mechanical durability ; Pinus pseudostrobus ; Pinus leiophylla ; Pinus montezumae ; pyrolysis kinetics ; TGA-DTG ; Friedman-OFW-KAS models ; FT-IR ; deposit ; biomass industrial boiler ; alkali metal ; circulating fluidized bed ; olive mill solid wastes ; natural binder ; densification ; compressive strength ; Physico-chemical properties ; kinetic parameters ; hydrogen ; reactor headspace ; product inhibition ; kinetic modelling ; clostridium acetobutylicum ; biomass analysis ; alternative biofuels ; emissions ; sewage sludge ; biofuels ; combustion ; grate furnace ; emission ; ash deposition ; biomass densification ; mechanical compaction ; processing factors ; briquette durability ; multivariate tests of significance ; renewable energy ; bioenergy scenario ; biomasses ; systematic review ; pressure torrefaction ; pellet ; renewable energy sources ; energy consumption ; grinding ; thermogravimetric analysis ; proximate analysis ; high heating value ; torrefied biomass ; biochar ; one-pot fractionation with acidic 1,4-dioxane ; Moso bamboo ; furfural ; phenolated lignin ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; high-efficiency fractionation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book is a collection of high-impact papers accepted and presented at the 2019 Vietnam’s Business and Economics Research Conference (VBER2019) organised by Ho Chi Minh City Open University held on 18th–20th July 2019. The Special Issue is associated with a broad coverage of the contemporary issues in Business and Economics in Vietnam and other emerging markets reflecting a key theme of VBER2019: Vietnam’s Place in the Asia Pacific Region. A total of 14 papers were published from more than the 120 submissions to the VBER2019 Conference. Published papers had been undergone a rigorous reviewing process conducted by the Journal of Risk and Financial Management. The papers incorporated in this book address contemporary issues in business and economics from Vietnam and other emerging markets in the Asian region from various angles such as economics, finance, and statistics to management science. At the time of writing this note, some of the papers have attracted more than 1000 downloads in 3 months. In particular, a paper on “Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth from Developing Countries in the Short Run and Long Run” by Trang Thi-Huyen Dinh and her team has attracted almost 6000 downloads in 3 months. These statistics indicate that the papers published in this Special Issue have attracted the wide interest of readers. Among these 14 published papers, three main areas of important contemporary issues in Business and Economics in the Asian region can be identified. First, a block of papers deals with various important and fundamental issues in the emerging markets the Asian region, from exchange rate regime, financial inclusion, and financial development to energy consumption and environmental degradation. On the issue of CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in the ASEAN, Vo, Vo, and Le utilized various time series econometrics approaches. Key findings from this paper indicate that there are no long-run relationships among carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, energy consumption, renewable energy, population growth, and economic growth in the Philippines and Thailand, but a relationship does exist in Indonesia, Myanmar, and Malaysia. Loo, in his paper on financial inclusion for the ASEAN, concluded that advancing internet capability and availability present investors an opportunity to offer financial technology or Fintech to meet the need for financial services in this digital era. Second, a challenge in quantitative studies for a single country, such as Vietnam, with limited data is generally noted. However, various empirical studies on Vietnam’s business and economics issues have been conducted. Nguyen, Quan, and Pham examined the cultural distance and entry mode of foreign direct investment in Vietnam. A key finding from their paper is that when there is a great cultural difference between Vietnam and their home country, foreign-invested firms prefer wholly owned subsidiaries over equity joint ventures. Within the Vietnamese market, Pham, Vo, Ho, and McAleer conducted a study on the issue of corporate financial distress. The authors conclude that the corporate financial distress prediction model, which includes accounting factors with macroeconomic indicators, performs much better than alternative models. In addition, the evidence confirms that the global financial crisis (GFC) had a damaging impact on each sector, with the Health & Education sector demonstrating the most impressive recovery post-GFC, and the utilities sector recording a dramatic increase in bankruptcies post-GFC. At another extreme of the spectrum, Van and Nguyen considered that competitive context, social influences, the understanding of managers about corporate social responsibility (CSR), and the internal environment of companies are the four drivers of CSR. The authors also argued that in the four drivers, competitive context has the strongest impact on adopting CSR. Third, last but not least, various papers focus on an important aspect of public finance. For an example, Pham, Pham, and Ly documented the effect of double taxation treaties on the bilateral trade of Vietnam with ASEAN member states, thereby making an extensive comparison with its EU partner countries. Their findings indicate the significant contributions of the tax treaties to Vietnam’s trade performance, not exclusively with ASEAN but also with EU partner countries. In addition, regarding public finance for Vietnam, Nguyen, Vo, Ho, and Vo investigated the contribution of fiscal decentralisation to economic growth across provinces in Vietnam. For the first time in Vietnam, the fiscal decentralisation index together its two subcomponents, including fiscal importance and fiscal autonomy, are developed. Findings from this paper indicate that while fiscal importance and an overall level of fiscal decentralisation have provided negative impact on provincial economic growth, fiscal autonomy has a positive impact on economic growth across provinces in Vietnam.
    Keywords: fiscal autonomy ; fiscal decentralisation ; fiscal importance ; DGMM ; Vietnam ; performance ; internationalization ; organizational slack ; ASEAN ; CO2 emissions ; economic growth ; EKC ; energy consumption ; Granger causality ; VECM ; urbanization ; income inequality ; Driscoll and Kraay ; PMG ; agricultural commodity prices ; volatility ; crude oil prices ; structural vector autoregressive model ; impulse response functions ; pecking order theory ; trade off theory ; capital structure ; GMM ; listed firms ; industry level ; corporate financial distress ; bankruptcy ; distance to default ; fundamentals ; Global Financial Crisis ; double taxation treaty ; trade ; gravity model ; financial development ; FMOLS ; DOLS ; emerging markets ; corporate social responsibility ; textile and garment industry ; foreign direct investment (FDI) ; endogenous growth ; developing countries ; financial inclusion ; Fintech ; risk ; foreign direct investment ; competitiveness ; exchange rate regime ; Asia ; Reinhart and Rogoff ; cultural distance ; entry mode ; equity joint venture ; wholly owned subsidiary ; fiscal decentralization ; exchange rate ; Asian region ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book entitled Marine Algal Antioxidants, as a special issue of the Antioxidants journal, encloses eleven scientific articles with a preface written by the two editors, Christophe Brunet and Clementina Sansone. Marine Algal Antioxidants book reports advances of the research on marine photosynthetic organisms for the growth of biotechnological pipelines aimed to enhance antioxidant molecules production by algae. More than twenty scientists share the results of their research and highlight the relevance of algae for developing marine biotechnology products to flourish the requirements of nutraceuticals or cosmeceuticals in the defense of human health. Multidisciplinarity of the scientific approaches presented in this book – such as physiological, molecular, chemistry, technical or technological methodologies – lays the foundation for harmonizing the links between them towards the unique goal of the improvement of marine algal factory processes.
    Keywords: algae ; Chlorella ; Fucus ; detoxification ; environmental pollution ; antioxidants ; heavy metals ; selenium ; SOD-1 ; neurotoxicology ; aminoazuphrates ; clinical medicine ; nutrition ; neuropathology ; Dunaliella salina ; microalgae ; red LED ; blue LED ; growth ; carotenoids ; plastoquinol:oxygen oxidoreductase ; photosynthesis ; antioxidant activities ; Box–Behnken design ; microwave-assisted extraction ; polysaccharide ; Ulva pertusa ; seaweed ; 9-cis β-carotene ; all-trans β-carotene ; light intensity ; isomerisation ; light ; ascorbic acid ; phenolic compounds ; flavonoids ; photoprotection ; Phaeodactylum tricornutum ; fucoxanthin ; antioxidative ; antiproliferative ; antioxidant ; biodiversity ; genome–scale metabolic networks (GSMNs), data integration ; brown algae ; oxygenated carotenoid biosynthesis ; abscisic acid ; Saccharina japonica ; Cladosiphon okamuranus ; lipophilic antioxidant ; solvent blending ; macroalgae ; LC-ESI-MS/MS ; carotenoid pigment ; anthocyanin ; chlorophyll derivative ; phototrophic ; heterotrophic ; Scenedesmus ; chlorophylls ; hydroxy-chlorophyll ; oxidative metabolism ; ROS ; lactone-chlorophyll ; photoacclimation ; seaweeds ; green algae ; marine algae ; Ulva intestinalis ; Enteromorpha intestinalis ; quantification ; polyphenols ; apigenin ; accelerated solvent extraction ; ASE ; HPLC-LRMS ; HPLC-HRMS ; HPLC ; TPC ; Folin–Ciocalteu ; TFC ; qNMR ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Small scale mechanical deformations have gained a significant interest over the past few decades, driven by the advances in integrated circuits and microelectromechanical systems. One of the most powerful and versatile characterization methods is the nanoindentation technique. The capabilities of these depth-sensing instruments have been improved considerably. They can perform experiments in vacuum and at high temperatures, such as in-situ SEM and TEM nanoindenters. This allows researchers to visualize mechanical deformations and dislocations motion in real time. Time-dependent behavior of soft materials has also been studied in recent research works. This Special Issue on ""Small Scale Deformation using Advanced Nanoindentation Techniques""; will provide a forum for researchers from the academic and industrial communities to present advances in the field of small scale contact mechanics. Materials of interest include metals, glass, and ceramics. Manuscripts related to deformations of biomaterials and biological related specimens are also welcome. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
    Keywords: T1-995 ; n/a ; nanoscale ; fracture toughness ; helium irradiation ; cement paste ; solder ; fracture ; Pop-in ; fatigue ; strain rate sensitivity ; viscoelasticity ; nuclear fusion structural materials ; biomaterials ; transmission electron microscopy ; mammalian cells ; quasicontinuum method ; brittleness and ductility ; morphology ; creep ; dimensionless analysis ; size effect ; mechanical properties ; hardness ; shear transformation zone ; TSV ; micro-cantilever beam ; multiscale ; InP(100) single crystal ; surface pit defect ; mixed-mode ; micromechanics ; soft biomaterials ; metallic glass ; atomic force microscopy (AFM) ; Bi2Se3 thin films ; constitutive model ; pop-in ; rate factor ; FIB ; nickel ; nanoindenter ; miniaturized cantilever beam ; hydrogen embrittlement ; nanoindentation ; irradiation hardening ; reduced activation ferritic martensitic (RAFM) steels ; tantalum ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The microwave and millimeter wave frequency range is nowadays widely exploited in a large variety of fields including (wireless) communications, security, radar, spectroscopy, but also astronomy and biomedical, to name a few. This Special Issue focuses on the interaction between the nanoscale dimensions and centimeter to millimeter wavelengths. This interaction has been proven to be efficient for the design and fabrication of devices showing enhanced performance. Novel contributions are welcome in the field of devices based on nanoscaled geometries and materials. Applications cover, but not are limited to, electronics, sensors, signal processing, imaging and metrology, all exploiting nanoscale/nanotechnology at microwave and millimeter waves. Contributions can take the form of short communications, regular or review papers.
    Keywords: frequency doubler ; broadband matching ; Schottky diodes ; self-bias resistor ; conversion loss ; three-dimensional electromagnetic (3D-EM) model ; millimeter wave ; terahertz ; high-gain ; compact ; wideband ; resonant cavity ; Fabry–Perot cavity ; cavity resonator ; EBG resonator ; J band ; MEMS ; switch ; microwave ; ferromagnetic ; laser processing ; substrate integrated waveguide ; nanowire ; multi-wall carbon nanotubes ; microwave impedance ; small antennas ; gas sensors ; acetone detection ; microwave application ; UV illumination ; low-noise amplifier (LNA) ; frequency-reconfigurable LNA ; multimodal circuit ; SiGe BiCMOS ; hetero junction bipolar transistor (HBT) ; RF switch ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Cancer is a great challenge to efficient therapy due to biological diversity. Disturbed oxidative homeostasis in cancer cells certainly contributes to differential therapy response. Further, one of the hallmarks of cancer cells is adaptation which includes fine tuning of the cellular metabolic and signalling pathways as well as transcription profiles. There are several factors which contribute to the tumor diversity and therapy response, and oxidative stress is certainly one of them. Changes in oxygen levels due to hypoxia/reoxygenation during tumor growth modulate antioxidative patterns finally supporting increased cell diversity and adaptation to stressing conditions. Additionally, cancer chemotherapy based on ROS production can also induce also adaptation. To counteract these negative effects natural products are often used for their antioxidant activities as well as photodynamic therapy supported by novel chemosensitizers. Understanding of possible pathways which can trigger antioxidant defence at a certain time during cancer development can also provide possible strategies in fighting cancer.
    Keywords: NQO1 ; NQO1*2 ; polymorphism ; quinone ; breast cancer ; menadione ; lapachone ; doxorubicin ; ascorbate ; oxidative stress ; reactive oxygen species ; sperm ; cancer chemotherapy ; antioxidant therapy ; antioxidant proteins ; chemoresistance ; oxaliplatin ; 5-Fluorouracil ; myelodysplastic syndromes ; carbonylation ; deferasirox ; ovary ; calcium channel ; Trolox ; granulosa cell tumor ; cell death ; mitochondria ; photodynamic therapy ; singlet oxygen ; nitric oxide ; light ; combination therapy ; antioxidants ; bleomycin ; cancer treatment ; chemotherapy-induced toxicity ; cisplatin ; free radicals ; methotrexate ; ozone therapy ; lung cancer ; cancer metabolism ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; therapy resistance ; new therapeutic strategies ; breast cancer stem cells ; 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal ; extracellular matrix ; NRF2 ; bardoxolone methyl ; prostate cancer ; castration-resistant prostate cancer ; androgen receptor (AR), AR-V7 ; anti-androgen ; enzalutamide ; androgen deprivation therapy ; cancer ; antioxidant ; triphala ; ayurveda ; chemoprevention and chemotherapy ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The papers published in this Special Issue “WP3—Innovation in Agriculture and Forestry Sector for Energetic Sustainability” bring together some of the latest research results in the field of biomass valorization and the process of energy production and climate change and other areas relevant to energetic sustainability [1–20]. Moreover, several works address the very important topic of evaluating the safety aspects for energy plant use [21–24]. Responses to our call generated the following statistics:• Submissions (21);• Publications (15);• Rejections (6);• Article types: research articles (13), reviews (2). Of the submitted papers, 15 have been successfully published as articles. Reviewing and selecting the papers for this Special Issue was very inspiring and rewarding. We also thank the editorial staff and reviewers for their efforts and help during the process. For better comprehension, the contributions to this Special Issue are divided into sections, as follows.
    Keywords: biomass waste ; gasification ; power generation ; internal combustion engine ; CHP ; Aspen Plus ; rotary dryer ; drying process ; thermal energy ; wood chips ; life cycle analysis ; environmental valuation ; biochar ; willow ; pig manure ; renewable energy ; biomass ; olive pomace ; combustion ; ORC ; working fluid ; beet tops ; rotary cutting device ; tractor ; oscillations ; differential equations ; optimal parameters ; biomass production ; greenhouse ; multiple environmental parameters ; interactive optimization scheme ; spatial distributed factors ; online–offline strategy ; CFD-EA ; chipping ; pellet ; poplar ; SRWC ; pelletization ; biomass quality ; energy quality ; horse skidding ; winch skidding ; cable yarder ; life cycle assessment ; societal assessment ; economic assessment ; multi-criteria decision analysis ; sustainable forest management ; innovation ; agriculture ; forestry ; energy ; sustainability ; updraft ; syngas ; oxidizing agent ; energy saving ; efficiency ; controlled environment ; agricultural residues ; market ; anaerobic digestion ; global warming potential ; externalities ; compost ; woody pellet ; agropellet ; quality ; standards ; blending ; sugar beet ; beet top cutting ; tractor–harvester aggregate ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The topics studied in this Special Issue include a wide range of areas in finance, economics, tourism, management, marketing, and education. The topics in finance include stock market, volatility and excess returns, REIT, warrant and options, herding behavior and trading strategy, supply finance, and corporate finance. The topics in economics including economic growth, income poverty, and political economics.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The Special Issue “Nanostructured Materials Based on Noble Metals for Advanced Biological Applications” highlights the recent progress in gold and silver nanomaterials preparation/synthesis as well as their innovative applications in advanced applications, such as in nanomedicine and nanosensors. It is nowadays generally accepted that nanostructured noble metals allow the production of highly competitive materials. In fact, a specific design and rather simple and reliable preparation techniques can be used to obtain optimized material uses and possibilities for their reusability. One expects amazing future developments for these nanotechnologies from research laboratories to key industrial areas. The Guest Editor and the MDPI staff are therefore pleased to offer this Special Issue to interested readers, including researchers, graduate and PhD students as well as postdoctoral researchers, but also to the entire community interested in the wide world of nanomaterials.
    Keywords: gold ; nanostructure ; EDTA tetrasodium salt ; photothermal therapy ; silver nanoparticles ; biomedical applications ; biological interactions ; biofunctional performances ; intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity ; antimicrobial efficiency ; localized surface plasmon resonance ; dip-coating ; capillary force ; exosome ; gold nanoparticles ; copper(I) complexes ; conjugates ; drug delivery ; anticancer compounds ; niosomes ; liposomes ; plasmonic materials ; nanocarriers ; Hg2+ sensors ; heavy metal sensing ; plasmonic sensors ; optical sensors ; ecosafety ; nanoparticles ; interactions ; protein corona ; nanomedicine ; biomolecules ; nanomaterials ; noble metal nanoparticles ; gold nanomaterials ; silver nanomaterials ; hybrid metal–polymer nanoparticles ; biotechnological applications ; nanomaterials for drug delivery ; nanomaterials for sensing ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Energy crises and global warming pose serious challenges to researchers in their attempt to develop a sustainable society for the future. Solar energy conversion is a remarkable, clean, and sustainable way to nullify the effects of fossil fuels. The findings of photocatalytic hydrogen production (PCHP) by Fujishima and Honda propose that “water will be the coal for the future”. Hydrogen is a carbon-free clean fuel with a high specific energy of combustion. Titanium oxide (TiO2), graphitic-carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and cadmium sulfide (CdS) are three pillars of water splitting photocatalysts owing to their superior electronic and optical properties. Tremendous research efforts have been made in recent years to fabricate visible or solar-light, active photocatalysts. The significant features of various oxide, sulfide, and carbon based photocatalysts for cost-effective hydrogen production are presented in this Special Issue. The insights of sacrificial agents on the hydrogen production efficiency of catalysts are also presented in this issue.
    Keywords: photocatalysis ; H2 generation ; water splitting ; solar energy ; hydrogen production ; methanol photo-splitting ; heterojunction ; CuS@CuGaS2 ; electron-hole recombination ; perovskite oxynitride ; band gap ; density-functional theory ; Niobium(V) oxide ; graphitic carbon nitride ; hydrothermal synthesis ; H2 evolution ; heterostructures ; Z-Scheme ; TiO2 ; g-C3N4 ; CdS ; energy ; spherical particle ; disordered surface ; photocatalysts ; MoS2 ; MoSe2 ; photoelectrochemical deposition ; rapid-thermal annealing ; hydrogen evolution ; CO2 reduction ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This special issue brings together cutting edge research and insightful commentary on the currentl state of the Cancer Nanomedicine field.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This highly informative and carefully presented book discusses the preparation, processing, characterization and applications of different types of hybrid nanomaterials based on nanocellulose and/or nanocarbons. It gives an overview of recent advances of outstanding classes of hybrid materials applied in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and materials science, among others. The content of this book is relevant to researchers in academia and industry professionals working on the development of advanced hybrid nanomaterials and their applications.
    Keywords: graphene nanoplatelet ; multi-walled carbon nanotube ; hybrid film ; vacuum filtration ; strain sensing ; graphene ; multimodal-high density polyethylene ; melt extrusion ; polymer ; nanocomposite, polymer degradation ; dispersion and distribution of graphene ; nano-cellulose ; MOF ; carbon-doped CuO/Fe3O4 nanocatalyst ; catalytic reduction ; pollutant remedy ; nanocellulose ; cationic microcrystalline cellulose ; high-intensity ultrasonication ; high-pressure homogenization ; acid hydrolysis ; starch nanocomposite films ; cellulose nanofibers ; carbon nanotube ; polyaniline ; hydrogels ; supercapacitor ; cellulose nanofibrils ; graphene nanoplates ; carbon nanotubes ; aerogel ; organic dyes ; adsorption ; nanofibrillated cellulose ; cellulose nanocrystals ; fullerenes ; diamond nanoparticles ; sensors ; drug delivery ; tissue engineering ; wound dressing ; natural rubber latex ; NOCNF ; jute fibers ; nitro-oxidation ; hybrids ; applications ; immunomodulator ; synthesis ; polymerization ; characterization ; cytotoxicity ; reduced graphene oxide ; gum tragacanth ; hydrogel ; hydrogel composite ; mercury ion ; chromium ion ; reusability ; cellulose nanofiber ; chitosan nanofiber ; composite ; mechanical properties ; antioxidant activity ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Pursuing a scalable production methodology for materials and advancing it from the laboratory to industry is beneficial to novel daily-life applications. From this perspective, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) offers a compromise between efficiency, controllability, tunability and excellent run-to-run repeatability in the coverage of monolayers on substrates. Hence, CVD meets all of the requirements for industrialization in basically all areas, including polymer coatings, metals, water-filtration systems, solar cells and so on. The Special Issue “Advances in Chemical Vapor Deposition” is dedicated to providing an overview of the latest experimental findings and identifying the growth parameters and characteristics of perovskites, TiO2, Al2O3, VO2 and V2O5 with desired qualities for potentially useful devices.
    Keywords: APCVD ; VO2 ; processing parameters ; 2D ; chemical vapor deposition ; atomic layer deposition ; aluminum oxide ; aluminum tri-sec-butoxide ; thin film ; carbon nanotubes ; residual gas adsorption ; residual gas desorption ; field emission ; atmospheric pressure CVD ; low pressure CVD ; hybrid CVD ; aerosol assisted CVD ; pulsed CVD ; perovskite photovoltaic nanomaterials ; stabilization ; structural design ; performance optimization ; solar cells ; anatase single crystals ; process-induced nanostructures ; competitive growth ; pp-MOCVD ; vanadium pentoxide ; electrochromic ; spray pyrolysis ; ammonium metavanadate ; CVD ; electrochromism ; perovskite photovoltaic materials ; TiO2 ; Al2O3 ; V2O5 ; computational fluid dynamics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The research field of smart textiles is currently witnessing a rapidly growing number of applications integrating intelligent functions in textile substrates. With an increasing amount of new developed product prototypes, the number of materials used and that of specially designed production technologies are also growing. This book is intended to provide an overview of materials, production technologies, and product concepts to different groups concerned with smart textiles. It will help designers to understand the possibilities of smart textile production, so that they are enabled to design this type of products. It will also help textile and electronics manufacturers to understand which production technologies are suitable to meet certain product requirements. After an introduction to smart textiles and their market relevance, different material types for functional textiles are described along with their properties, application areas, and product examples. Special attention is given to materials for the realization of electrical conductivity in textiles, as these are crucial for the following overview on sensor and production technologies. Next, textile-based sensors are introduced. While numerous textile-based sensors, ranging from sensing fibers to coatings and three-dimensional structures, have been developed, their specific properties and usage are not clear. Bosowski et al. have suggested a structure for a classified catalogue as knowledge basis to support the smart textile product development process. This chapter develops the classification further and implements it in a catalogue to be used by practitioners from research and industry when developing and designing textiles with sensing capabilities. The full catalogue is reported in the appendix. The third part of the book starts by describing the state of the art of research on production technologies for the integration of conductive materials into textile substrates, which include weaving, knitting, embroidering, printing, without mentioning specific products. Different variants of each technology are presented. Additionally, associated technologies to integrate electrical components in textile substrates are outlined. This part closes by reporting the current state of research on automated production systems for electronics integration into textiles. In the last part of the book, product and design concepts for smart textiles are evaluated along the example of touchpads.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Smart Textiles ; design ; textile-based sensors ; technology ; sensing fibers ; functional textiles ; intelligent functions ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship have become a vehicle that offers solutions for social, environmental, and economic problems. Even though the level of entrepreneurial activity and its diversity have been motivated through public policies, social support has also played an important role in encouraging people to think of entrepreneurship as a desirable career choice. This book brings together analyses of those elements required for entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial intention and action, which ultimately become important leverages of development. Chapters highlight the importance of rural, urban, university, organizational, and family environments for a bunch of intentions and behaviors such as green, sport, social, corporate, innovative, traditional, and gender entrepreneurship. This entrepreneurial diversity is translated into higher development through the empowerment of women, environmental consciousness, and efficient production. Policymakers, scholars, and practitioners can find different examples and cases useful for decision-making, learning, and practice in this book.
    Keywords: entrepreneurial intention ; attitude ; social norm ; subjective personal variables ; motivation ; beliefs ; values ; entrepreneurial team ; cognition characteristics ; behavior characteristics ; venture performance ; sustainable entrepreneurship ; tourism students ; gender comparison ; Innovation ; DEA Methodology ; Relative efficiency ; green entrepreneurship ; sustainable entrepreneurial activity ; culture ; institutional approach ; developing countries ; Saudi Arabia ; soccer ; football ; innovation ; entrepreneurship ; bibliometric analysis ; performance ; entrepreneurial intentions ; self-employment ; entrepreneurship education ; entrepreneurial family background ; entrepreneurial personality traits ; students ; hierarchical multiple regression analysis ; ecotourism ; women entrepreneurship ; self-determination theory ; psychological empowerment ; flourishing ; growth mindset ; social entrepreneurial intention ; social entrepreneurship ; COVID-19 ; theory of planned behavior ; time in self-employment ; gender ; regional development ; rural and urban areas ; age ; UK ; administrative process ; community-based tourism enterprises ; financial process ; tourism enterprises ; SMEs ; entrepreneurial orientation ; IMC capability ; organizational performance ; competitive advantage ; inter-country analysis ; entrepreneurial competencies ; sustainability ; higher education ; entrepreneurial university ; organisational change ; entrepreneurial mindset ; college students ; engineering ; educational experience ; measurement invariance ; latent mean comparisons ; institutions ; intrapreneurship ; national growth ; firm growth ; economic development ; social change ; gender equality ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Biotransformation has accompanied mankind since the Neolithic community, when people settled down and began to engage in agriculture. Modern biocatalysis started in the mid-1850s with the pioneer works of Pasteur. Today, biotransformations have become an indispensable part of our lives, similar to other hi-tech products. Now, in 2019, biocatalysis “received” the Nobel Prize in Chemistry due to prof. Frances H. Arnold’s achievements in the area of the directed evolution of enzymes. This book deals with some major topics of biotransformation, such as the application of enzymatic methods in glycobiology, including the synthesis of hyaluronan, complex glycoconjugates of N-acetylmuramic acid, and the enzymatic deglycosylation of rutin. Enzymatic redox reactions were exemplified by the enzymatic synthesis of indigo from indole, oxidations of β-ketoesters and the engineering of a horse radish peroxidase. The enzymatic reactions were elegantly employed in biosensors, such as glucose oxidase, in the case of electrochemical glucose sensors. Nitrilases are important enzymes for nitrile metabolism in plants and microorganisms have already found broad application in industry—here, these enzymes were for the first time described in Basidiomyceta. This book nicely describes molecular biocatalysis as a pluripotent methodology—“A jack of all trades...”—which strongly contributes to the high quality and sustainability of our daily lives.
    Keywords: E. coli ; recombinant horseradish peroxidase ; site-directed mutagenesis ; periplasm ; glycosylation sites ; Aspergillus niger ; quercetin ; rutin ; rutinose ; rutinosidase ; “solid-state biocatalysis” ; hyaluronic acid ; in vitro synthesis ; one-pot multi-enzyme ; optimization ; enzyme cascade ; Basidiomycota ; Agaricomycotina ; nitrilase ; cyanide hydratase ; nitrile ; substrate specificity ; overproduction ; homology modeling ; substrate docking ; phylogenetic distribution ; indigo ; MISO library ; flavin ; monooxygenase ; FMO ; β-N-acetylhexosaminidases ; transglycosylation ; Glide docking ; Talaromyces flavus ; muramic acid ; non-reducing carbohydrate ; glucose oxidase ; direct electron transfer ; amine-reactive phenazine ethosulfate ; glucose sensor ; glycemic level monitoring ; Pseudomonas putida MnB1 ; biogenic manganese oxides ; abiotic manganese oxides ; α-Hydroxy-β-keto esters ; whole-cell biocatalysis ; surface display ; cell wall anchor ; Lactobacillus plantarum ; whole-cell biocatalyst ; n/a ; Fe(II)/2-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ; 2-ketoglutarate generation ; regio- and stereo-selective synthesis ; hydroxy amino acids ; sequential cascade reaction ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: With the advances in nanomaterials and nanofabrication, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been extensively developed and applied in the trace detection of various analytes in either a simple or a complicated sample matrix. This includes, but is not limited to, the detection of antibiotic residues in animal-producing meat products, detection of pathogenic bacteria in human body fluid, and detection of heavy metal contamination of water. This book, consisting two review articles and five research articles, covers the most recent progress and advancement in the development and application of various nanomaterials in SERS trace detection. In this book, a broad range of topics is covered, from the synthesis of novel nanomaterials that can provide improved reproducibility of SERS signals to the development of new application protocols that can facilitate the reliable detection of trace amounts of analytes without interfered by the sample matrices significantly. This book is a useful source for both new and advanced researchers in the field of SERS and its application.
    Keywords: SERS ; Ag NPs ; coffee ring ; pesticide detection ; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) ; wire mesh ; steel mesh ; SERS platform ; Escherichia coli ; Bacillus subtilis ; biomolecule ; surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) ; nanomaterial ; analysis ; identification ; biology ; chemometrics ; resistance ; biosensing ; rapid detection ; Ag nanowires ; tartrazine ; large yellow croaker ; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; transformer aging ; concentration detection ; circulating tumor cells (CTC) ; prostate cancer (PC3) ; cervical carcinoma (HeLa) ; label-free detection ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: There is global interest in using insects as food and feed. However, before insects can be recommended as a type of nourishment to augment more traditional and widely accepted sources of food and feed, it is essential that in-depth research involving a variety of subjects is carried out. We can learn from societies in which insects are still a component of the local diet which species are preferred and how they are prepared for human consumption. We need information on the chemical composition of edible insects and have to make sure we know what kinds of micro-organisms and pathogens they contain. Legal questions in relation to the sale and breeding of certain species need to be addressed, and medicinal aspects of edible insects and their products should be examined. How best to market selected species and make them palatable to a clientele that more than often rejects the idea of insects in the diet are further important aspects in need of study. This book deals with these questions in 19 articles written by experts from at least 20 different countries that represent a range of disciplines. As such, it is a useful tome for a wide range of food researchers.
    Keywords: entomophagy ; novel food ; neophobia ; disgust ; edible insects ; mealworm ; Tenebrio molitor ; insects ; sensory ; model system ; insect ; food ; avoid ; attitude ; psychology ; willingness to eat ; Alcalase ; insect powders ; Acheta domesticus ; Enterococcus ; antioxidant activity ; biodiversity ; bioresource ; culture ; edible insect ; defatted powder ; mealworm oil ; characteristics ; feed supplementation ; growth performance ; nutrient composition ; emotions ; sociolinguistics ; food choice ; mirror neurons ; steamed and freeze-dried mature silkworm larval powder ; alcoholic fatty liver ; ethanol ; lipogenesis ; fatty acid oxidation ; Sprague-Dawley rats ; protein hydrolysate ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; degree of hydrolysis ; techno-functional properties ; novel proteins ; consumer analysis ; DRSA ; Amino acids ; fatty acids ; minerals ; antioxidant ; antimicrobial ; supplement ; sustainable food ; food safety ; blood coagulation ; platelet aggregation ; haemolysis ; Teleogryllus emma ; food law ; Africa ; food hygiene ; food policy ; processing ; traditional knowledge ; food/feed safety ; nutrition ; yellow mealworm ; processed ; shelf life ; Antheraea assamensis ; Apis cerana indica ; honey ; Nagaland ; preparation ; Samia cynthia ricini ; Vespa mandarinia ; Vespula orbata ; silkworm ; thermal processing ; antioxidant activities ; silkworm powder ; alternative food resource ; wasp larva ; Vespa velutina nigrithorax ; insect edibility ; food shortage ; acceptance ; bio-active compounds ; nutrients ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book, titled “Electronic Noses for Biomedical Applications and Environmental Monitoring”, includes original research works and reviews concerning the use of electronic nose technology in two of the more useful and interesting fields related to chemical compounds detection of gases. Authors have explained their latest research work, including different gas sensors and materials based on nanotechnology and novel applications of electronic noses for the detection of diverse diseases. Some reviews related to disease detection through breath analysis, odor monitoring systems standardization, and seawater quality monitoring are also included.
    Keywords: chemical sensors ; eNose ; environmental monitoring ; seawater ; sensors ; volatile organic compounds ; gas sensors ; volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ; acetone ; metal oxides ; heterojunctions ; electronic nose ; biosensor ; diabetes ; FOX 4000 ; FAIMS ; urine sample ; non-invasive diagnosis ; medical application ; gas sensor ; SAW ; surface acoustic wave ; Love wave ; breath ; VOC ; ZIF ; Zeolite ; Campylobacter jejuni ; VOCs ; GC-MS SPME ; nanowire sensors ; PCA ; nanofibres ; tin oxide ; NO2 ; pollution ; electrospinning ; low detection temperature ; biomarkers ; diseases ; digestive system ; respiratory system ; air quality ; technical standards ; quality protocols ; emission monitoring ; sensor arrays ; performance testing ; minimum requirements ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 67
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Biomass is widely considered as a potential alternative to dwindling fossil fuel reserves. There is a large variety of biomass sources (oleaginous, lignocellulosic, algae, etc.), with many possible conversion routes and products. Currently, biomass is not just viewed as a source of biofuels, but also as an interesting feedstock for the production of bio-based chemicals that could largely replace petrochemicals. In this context, the search for new sustainable and efficient alternatives to fossil sources is gaining increasing relevance within the chemical industry. There, the role of catalysis is often critical for the development of clean and sustainable processes, aiming to produce commodity chemicals or liquid fuels with a high efficiency and atom economy. This book gathers works at the cutting edge of investigation in the application of catalysis, for the sustainable conversion of biomass into biofuels and bio-based chemicals.
    Keywords: bamboo ; pretreatment ; magnetic solid acid ; corncob ; reducing sugar ; wood waste ; biofuel ; lignocellulosic biomass ; NaOH pretreatment ; anaerobic co-digestion ; biomass ; waste seashell ; aldol condensation ; heterogeneous catalyst ; hydrogenolysis ; polyols ; monosaccharides ; hemicelluloses extracted liquor ; ReOx-Rh/ZrO2 catalysts ; sulfonated hydrothermal carbon ; solketal ; sulfonic solids ; ketalization ; continuous flow ; aerobic oxidation ; ruthenium ; heterogeneous catalysis ; lignin valorization ; guaiacyl glycerol-β-guaiacyl ether ; pyrolysis ; ketonisation ; bio-oil ; turnover frequencies (TOFs) ; biomass-derived aqueous phase upgrading ; olefin production ; oxide catalyst zinc–zirconia ; bauxite ; Li2CO3 ; transesterification ; soybean oil ; glucose ; 5-hydroxymethylfurfural ; LTL-zeolites ; used cooking oil ; deoxygenation ; decarboxylation ; decarbonylation ; nickel ; copper ; iron ; platinum ; hydrocarbons ; algae ; thermochemical conversion ; catalytic upgrading ; high-grade liquid fuel ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The present book is devoted to all aspects of biosensing in a very broad definition, including, but not limited to, biomolecular composition used in biosensors (e.g., biocatalytic enzymes, DNAzymes, abiotic nanospecies with biocatalytic features, bioreceptors, DNA/RNA, aptasensors, etc.), physical signal transduction mechanisms (e.g., electrochemical, optical, magnetic, etc.), engineering of different biosensing platforms, operation of biosensors in vitro and in vivo (implantable or wearable devices), self-powered biosensors, etc. The biosensors can be represented with analogue devices measuring concentrations of analytes and binary devices operating in the YES/NO format, possibly with logical processing of input signals. Furthermore, the book is aimed at attracting young scientists and introducing them to the field, while providing newcomers with an enormous collection of literature references.
    Keywords: metabolite sensors ; sensor biocompatibility ; ion selective electrodes ; foreign body reaction ; O2 ; glucose ; lactate ; biosensors ; bioelectrochemistry ; photo-biosensors ; enzyme ; biocatalysis ; electrochemical biosensors ; real-time ; continuous operation ; reagentless ; reusable ; calibration-free ; antibiofouling ; biosensor ; biomimetic membranes ; membrane-bound enzymes ; electrodes ; sulfur-containing nanomaterials ; metallic sulfide nanomaterials ; sulfur-containing quantum dots ; enzyme-based biosensors ; direct electron transfer (DET) ; redox enzymes ; nanostructured electrodes ; protein film voltammetry (PFV) ; glucose biosensors ; nanoporous metals ; nanoporous gold ; graphene ; carbon nanotube ; ordered mesoporous carbon ; additive manufacturing ; heme ; peroxidases ; semiconductors ; peroxidase mimics ; DNA assay ; nucleic acid ; isothermal ; signal amplification ; restriction endonuclease ; wearable biosensors ; metabolism ; remote monitoring ; sweat ; microfluidic ; 3D printing ; nanoparticle ; nanocomposite ; nanozyme ; synthesis ; catalytic properties ; nano-peroxidase ; nanooxidase ; nanolaccase ; electronanocatalyst ; amperometric (bio)sensors ; POC ; microfluidics ; immunosensor ; cancer ; biomarkers ; electrochemical DNA sensor ; nucleic acid sensor ; DNA ; RNA ; pathogen sensing ; 2D-materials ; field-effect transistor ; transition metal dichalcogenides ; black phosphorus ; phosphorene ; hexagonal boron nitride ; transition metal oxides ; current–potential curve ; multi-enzymatic cascades ; multianalyte detection ; mass-transfer-controlled amperometric response ; potentiometric coulometry ; MXenes ; 2D nanomaterials ; wearables ; electrochemistry ; bacteria ; electrochemical ELISA ; electrochemical immunoassays ; electrochemical aptamer-based assays ; chemical sensor ; field effect ; capacitive EIS sensor ; pH sensor ; enzyme biosensor ; label-free detection ; charged molecules ; DNA biosensor ; protein detection ; forensics ; biometrics ; cybersecurity ; fingerprints ; blood ; cipher ; non-invasive biosensors ; human physiological fluids ; tears ; saliva ; urine ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 69
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives, nanodiamond, fullerenes, and other nano-sized carbon allotropes have recently attracted a lot of attention among the scientific community due to their enormous potential for a wide number of applications arising from their large specific surface area, high electrical and thermal conductivity, and good mechanical properties. The combination of carbon nanomaterials with polymers leads to new nanocomposites with improved structural and functional properties due to synergistic effects. In particular, the properties of carbon-based polymer nanocomposites can be easily tuned by carefully controlling the carbon nanomaterial synthesis route and additionally the versatile synergistic interactions amongst the nanomaterials and polymers. This book provides selected examples of the most recent advances regarding carbon nanomaterial-reinforced polymeric composites. It includes the most representative types of polymeric matrices and covers aspects of new processing techniques, novel surface modifications of carbon nanomaterials and their applications in diverse fields, in particular in electronics and energy storage.
    Keywords: multi walled carbon nanotubes ; polyacrylonitrile ; nascent fiber ; thermal properties ; morphological structure ; nanocomposites ; graphene ; melt processing ; mechanical properties ; electrical conductivity ; electrostatic spraying ; multi-walled carbon nanotubes ; waterborne polyurethane coating ; dispersity ; surface hardness ; wear rate ; friction coefficient ; in-mold decoration injection molding ; microcellular injection molding ; surface quality ; warpage ; multiwalled carbon nanotube ; hyaluronic acid ; microfibers ; wet-spinning ; microstructures ; tensile properties ; Ag ; CNT ; flexible supercapacitor electrode ; polymer conductive film ; cellulose acetate membrane ; PANI ; graphene oxide ; hexamethylene diisocyanate ; nanocomposite ; thermal stability ; polydiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid ; single-walled carbon nanotubes ; conjugated polymers ; in situ oxidative polymerization ; hybrid nanocomposites ; polypropylene ; carbon nanotube ; titanium dioxide ; reduced graphene oxide ; polyurethane foam ; flexible electronics ; pressure sensing ; polyethyleneimine ; thermoelectric properties ; carrier type ; Paal-Knorr reaction ; polyketone ; carbon nanotubes ; Diels-Alder ; click-chemistry ; hydrogen bonding ; self-healing ; re-workability ; recycling ; Joule heating ; flexible electrode ; cross-linked acrylamide/alginate ; tensile strength ; impedance spectroscopy ; polymer electrolyte ; Li-ion micro-batteries ; flexible anode ; pre-lithiation ; carbon-based polymer nanocomposite ; energy storage ; fuel cell ; electrochemical devices ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Since the turn of the last century when the field of catalysis was born, iron and cobalt have been key players in numerous catalysis processes. These metals, due to their ability to activate CO and CH, haev a major economic impact worldwide. Several industrial processes and synthetic routes use these metals: biomass-to-liquids (BTL), coal-to-liquids (CTL), natural gas-to-liquids (GTL), water-gas-shift, alcohol synthesis, alcohol steam reforming, polymerization processes, cross-coupling reactions, and photocatalyst activated reactions. A vast number of materials are produced from these processes, including oil, lubricants, waxes, diesel and jet fuels, hydrogen (e.g., fuel cell applications), gasoline, rubbers, plastics, alcohols, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, feed-stock chemicals, and other alternative materials. However, given the true complexities of the variables involved in these processes, many key mechanistic issues are still not fully defined or understood. This Special Issue of Catalysis will be a collaborative effort to combine current catalysis research on these metals from experimental and theoretical perspectives on both heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. We welcome contributions from the catalysis community on catalyst characterization, kinetics, reaction mechanism, reactor development, theoretical modeling, and surface science.
    Keywords: polynuclear cobalt complexes ; water oxidation ; artificial photosynthesis ; Fe/Cu catalytic-ceramic-filler ; nitrobenzene compounds wastewater ; pilot-scale test ; biodegradability-improvement ; Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) ; oxygenates ; iron ; cobalt ; ruthenium ; Anderson-Schulz-Flory (ASF) distribution ; Fischer–Tropsch ; catalyst deactivation ; potassium ; liquid-phase catalytic oxidation ; limonene ; carvone ; zeolitic imidazolate frameworks ; Fischer-Tropsch synthesis ; chain growth ; CO insertion ; kinetic isotope effect ; DFT ; hydrogenation of CO ; iron catalysts ; syngas ; monometallic iron catalysts ; Fischer–Tropsch product distribution ; reaction mechanism ; catalysis ; process synthesis and design ; energy conversion ; iron–cobalt bimetal catalysts ; electrochemical application ; hydrogen evolution ; oxygen evolution ; oxygen reduction ; RWGS ; iron oxides ; CO2 conversion ; gas-switching ; Synthetic natural gas (SNG) ; Cobalt ; Iron ; C2–C4 hydrocarbons ; paraffin ratio ; asymmetric hydrogenation ; homogeneous catalysis ; structural design ; conformational analysis ; NMR spectroscopy ; alumina ; strong metal support interactions ; CO2 hydrogenation ; pressure ; temperature ; cobalt carboxylate ; coating ; autoxidation ; alkyd ; siccative ; polymerization ; manganese ; Fischer–Tropsch synthesis ; modeling ; kinetics ; Co ; Al2O3 ; Pt ; Cd ; In ; Sn ; hydrocarbon selectivity ; synergic effect ; GTL ; additives ; reducibility ; XANES ; mesoporous silica based catalysts ; kinetic studies ; 3-D printed microchannel microreactor ; cobalt–nickel nanoparticles ; cobalt–nickel alloys ; nickel ; HAADF-STEM ; TPR-EXAFS/XANES ; CO hydrogenation ; CSTR ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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