ALBERT

Description: If the journalistic media are to be able to effectively perform their essential democratic tasks of forming public opinion and controlling state power, they must be independent of the state. At the same time, this state has to guarantee a diverse range of media and to inform the public about its activities. This tension is intensifying in the internet age, in which the expensive production of journalistic content is less and less taken for granted. This updates the state's duty to ensure media pluralism, for example by organizing a public service system or other promotional measures, and to carry out active public relations work. This in turn increases the risk that the state will influence media activity or become the media provider itself. The limits that the state has to observe in this context are worked out in this book on the basis of a cross-media, constitutional and international law analysis of the principle of the media's independence from the state.

Description: Sollen die journalistischen Medien ihre demokratiewesentlichen Aufgaben der öffentlichen Meinungsbildung und der Kontrolle staatlicher Macht wirksam wahrnehmen können, müssen sie vom Staat unabhängig sein. Gleichzeitig hat ebendieser Staat ein vielfältiges Medienangebot zu gewährleisten und die Öffentlichkeit über seine Tätigkeiten zu informieren. Dieses Spannungsverhältnis verschärft sich im Internetzeitalter, in welchem die teure journalistische Inhaltsproduktion immer weniger als gesichert gilt. So aktualisiert sich dadurch die staatliche Pflicht, den Medienpluralismus etwa durch die Organisation eines Service public-Systems oder anderweitiger Fördermassnahmen zu sichern und eine aktive Öffentlichkeitsarbeit wahrzunehmen. Dies erhöht wiederum die Gefahr, dass der Staat die Medientätigkeit beeinflusst oder selber zum Medienanbieter wird. Welche Grenzen der Staat in diesem Kontext zu beachten hat, wird in diesem Buch anhand einer mediengattungsübergreifenden verfassungs- und völkerrechtlichen Analyse des Prinzips der Staatsunabhängigkeit der Medien herausgearbeitet.

Description: This dissertation examines intelligence surveillance of private telecommunications and its compatibility with the international human right to privacy in Art. 17 ICCPR and in Art. 8 ECHR. These articles provide comprehensive protection against the most modern forms of surveillance including bulk interception. Several criteria apply in terms of the foreseeability of the surveillance laws. Telecommunication’s interception should be subject to authorisation and supervision by independent authorities and effective remedies should be available. Moreover, the study analyzes the extent to which the surveilling state and the state of residence violate their human rights obligations in cases of cross-border surveillance. The main question is whether the established definitions of "jurisdiction" are applicable to this extraterritorial scenario. The extraterritorial exercise of jurisdiction can also be based on effective control over specific objects relevant to human rights. According to this approach, telecommunications data are objects relevant to individual’s right to correspondence and data protection.

Description: Homicides are among the most serious offenses with serious consequences both for the relatives of victims and perpetrators and for the sense of security of the general population. This book is based on the Swiss Homicide Monitor, a database that includes all intentional homicides in Switzerland since 1990. The book provides clear information on the perpetrators, victims, circumstances of the crime, the motives behind the killing, the course of the procedure and the legal qualifications. Furthermore, individual specific types of homicides (homicide-suicides, mass and serial murders, etc.) are analyzed in depth.

Description: Tötungsdelikte gehören zu den schwerwiegendsten Delikten mit gravierenden Folgen sowohl für die Angehörigen von Opfern und Tätern/Täterinnen als auch für das Sicherheitsgefühl der Allgemeinbevölkerung. Das vorliegende Buch basiert auf dem Swiss Homicide Monitor, einer Datenbank, die sämtliche vorsätzliche Tötungsdelikte in der Schweiz seit 1990 umfasst. Im Buch werden in anschaulicher Weise Informationen zu den Tätern/Täterinnen, Opfern, Tatumständen, den Motiven des Tötungsdelikts sowie zum Verfahrensablauf und zur rechtlichen Qualifikation aufgezeigt. Weiter werden einzelne spezifische Typen von Tötungsdelikten (Homizid-Suizide, Massen- und Serienmorde etc.) vertieft analysiert.

Description: It is rare for a physician to be disbarred; it is even rarer for the disbarment to have a retroactive effect back to the time of granting. The prerequisite for this effect is that the license to practice medicine should not have been granted in the first place, either because the requirements for the training of the future physician were not met or because character defects (unworthiness, unreliability) prevented the person concerned from working as a physician. Although practically rare, the revocation of a license to practice medicine is of particular academic interest because it ultimately results in the entire medical activity of the person affected being subsequently deprived of its legal basis. Strictly speaking, in consequence, each medical intervention becomes unlawful, thus (under certain circumstances) constituting a bodily injury under criminal law as well as giving rise to liability for damages under civil law. However, neither the criminal nor the civil law consequences of such retroactivity have yet been examined in a scientifically sound manner, even to a rudimentary degree. The present dissertation is intended to close this gap, at least in the area of civil law.

Description: In German literature, the doctrine of objective attribution has long since established itself as the prevailing opinion. In Switzerland, it has found its way into the literature and has already been included in the case law of the Federal Supreme Court on negligence offences. However, critical voices point out that the current status of the discussion is characterized by a large number of different approaches, some of which differ only marginally. A look at the literature actually shows that many essential questions, such as the raison d'être of individual aspects of attribution, are still disputed today. In this dissertation, Nicolas Leu therefore subjects objective attribution to a comprehensive and critical review that also takes into account the criminal offense system in which objective attribution is embedded.

Description: Im deutschen Schrifttum hat sich die Lehre der objektiven Zurechnung längst als herrschende Meinung durchgesetzt. In der Schweiz hat sie Eingang in die Literatur gefunden und ist bereits in die Rechtsprechung des Bundesgerichts zum Fahrlässigkeitsdelikt eingeflossen. Kritische Stimmen weisen jedoch darauf hin, dass der Diskussionsstand durch eine Vielzahl verschiedener, teilweise nur marginal abweichender Lösungsansätzen geprägt sei. Ein Blick in die Literatur zeigt tatsächlich, dass viele wesentliche Fragen, wie etwa die Existenzberechtigung einzelner Zurechnungsgesichtspunkte, auch heute noch umstritten sind. In der vorliegenden Dissertation unterzieht Nicolas Leu die objektive Zurechnung daher einer umfassenden und kritischen Überprüfung, die auch das Straftatsystem mitberücksichtigt, in das die objektive Zurechnung eingebettet ist.

Description: Approximation of Turkish Law with European Union Law maintains its importance and actuality apart from the context of full membership goal as well. Global trade requires interplay between all world countries with regard to the development and formation of public and private law. Private law regulations in Continental Europe, that constitute models for Turkish law, have been developing under the influence of European Union Law. In any field of law, the authority of the European Union to intervene in national laws is limited to the competences provided by the Treaties. Therefore, acts of the European Union in the field of private law aims the improvement of the internal market and enhanced cooperation between the Member States both by harmonization of national laws and their implementation. Studies and proposals carried out by the European Union for the harmonization of laws should be/are closely followed by our country. Establishment of Customs Union between Turkey and European Union in 1995 with the 1/95 numbered Community Council Decision and initiation of accession negotiations in October 2005 have accelerated the harmonization process of Turkish law with the European Union law. In the heat of these events, it can be observed that the preamble of most of the main codifications and secondary regulations in the field of company law, banking and capital markets law, intellectual and commercial property law, competition law, consumer law and protection of personal data law; reflects the aim of approximation with European Union legislation. Turkey’s geographical location, parallelly the fact that majority of the states, which Turkey has economical, cultural and sociological relations with, are members of the European Union following the impact of European Union on the model laws of Turkish laws, including Swiss law which keep tab on European Union law, necessitates the harmonization of European Union law to remain on Turkish lawyers’ agenda in the future as well. Hence, this Book Project has been prepared by the first documentation center acknowledged by European Union’s competent publishing and distribution bodies, Istanbul University Faculty of Law European Law Application and Research Center, with the object of providing a source for publications and conferences of Turkish lawyers who are keen to work in this field. This Project is an academic study and reflects the evaluation of the authors on harmonization of Turkish law with European Union law and their opinions for the methodology for an approximation of Turkish legislation. Although it is not either an official report or an action plan, it has been prepared with the view of providing a reference to public authorities, especially Ministry of Foreign Affairs Directorate for European Union Affairs and European Union harmonization offices in other relevant ministries. The preparation phase of this Project includes determination of the subdisciplines of Turkish private law, in which harmonization with European Union law, has been taken in regard. The specification of a certain topic is left to the authors. As a matter of course, it was not possible for us to cover all the subdisciplines of private law likewise to examine the entire European Union acquis in the included fields. Our perspective is to provide an insight into European law, its comparison with European Union law and evaluation of alignment. With this regard, every contributor examined the regulation which includes the most general rules on that topic. Although the examined regulations have been enacted on the legal basis of the Treaties, the relevant articles have been explained under the “Remarks” title. In this way, with the exception of topics under “Competition Law” chapter, only the masthead of the acts of European Union organs are shown under the “Legislation” title. Besides, all the examined European Union legislation and their legal basis are shown in the European Union legislation list and index at the end of this book. Subdisciplines of private law to be studied has been designated taking into account several factors, such as the necessity of reevaluation and updating with the current acquis, despite the fact that Turkey’s remarkable progress in the past according to the European Commission country reports; Ministry of European Union’s Action Plan covering the years of 2016-2019; 11th development plan of Turkish Presidency. Thus, the Project touches on Company Law, Financial Services, Consumer and Health Protection, Intellectual Property chapters which have been opened for negotiations, and Competition Policy chapter that has not yet been opened for negotiation alongside the Protection Of Personal Data which is not itself a negotiation chapter but concerns several chapters of negotiation. Regulations in the aforementioned fields have been analyzed under the Company Law, Banking and Capital Markets Law, Intellectual and Commercial Property Law, Competition Law, Consumer Law and Protection of Personal Data Law main titles. Within the scope of the Project, contributors were expected to prepare their work according to the following outline: I. Legislation A. European Union Legislation B. Turkish Legislation; II. Remarks A. European Union Law, B. Turkish Law; III. Assessments and Suggestions. By this means, the necessity of the readers to get conveniently informed solely on the European Union Law or Turkish law related to that subject is considered. Assessments and suggestions have been provided under a separate title with the view of improving on the perception of approximation with European Union which only focuses on the translation of legislation and relation of European Union law with Turkish law can be put forward in an integrated mindset. Under this title, the conclusions reached by evaluating Turkish law and European Union law have been placed in numerical order. In other respects, contributors were provided flexibility in terms of methodology to be used for their remarks and assessments and freedom to include the Turkish translation of the relevant European Union legislation and place article proposals for Turkish legislation. Editorial Board elaborated on determining the main subjects and, alongside the review of all studies with respect to the fundamental aim of this book, providing for systematical coherence thereof.

Description: Published

Description: Türk hukukunun Avrupa Birliği hukukuna uyumunun sağlanması, tam üyelik hedefi bağlamında ve bunun dışında ülkemizde önemini ve güncelliğini koruyan bir meseledir. Küresel ticaret, yalnızca ülkemiz değil bütün dünya ülkelerinde kamu ve özel hukukun gelişim ve şekillenmesinde etkileşim içerisinde olmayı gerektirmektedir. Türk hukukunda özel hukuk alanında ağırlıkla takip edilen mehaz hukuk düzenlemeleri ise Avrupa Birliği’nin etkisi altında gelişmektedir. Avrupa Birliği organlarının herhangi bir hukuk alanında düzenleme yapma yetkisi kurucu anlaşmalarla üye devletlerin Birliğe bırakmış olduğu yetkiler ile sınırlıdır. Özel hukuk alanındaki Avrupa Birliği tasarrufları, temel olarak iç pazarın geliştirilmesi/ güçlendirilmesi ve tüm üye devletlerin hukuk düzenlemeleri ile uygulamalarının uyumlaştırılması hedefine yönelir. Bu alanda Avrupa Birliği tarafından yürütülen iç hukukların yakınlaştırılmasına yönelik çalışmalar ve tasarruflar ülkemizce yakından takip edilmektedir/edilmelidir. 1/95 sayılı Ortaklık Konseyi Kararı ile 1995 yılında Gümrük Birliği’nin tesisi ve Ekim 2005’te katılım müzakerelerinin açılması Avrupa Birliği mevzuatıyla uyum sürecine ivme katan gelişmelerdendir. Bu gelişmelerin etkisinde ülkemizde şirketler hukuku, bankacılık ve sermaye piyasası hukuku, fikrî ve sınai mülkiyet hukuku, rekabet hukuku, tüketici hukuku ve kişisel verilerin korunması hukuku alanlarında çıkarılan kanunların ve ikincil mevzuatın genel gerekçelerine Avrupa Birliği mevzuatıyla uyum amacının aksettirildiği görülmektedir. Ülkemizin coğrafi konumu, buna paralel olarak ekonomik, kültürel ve sosyolojik açıdan ilişki içinde bulunduğu devletlerin ekseriyetinin anılan Birlik içinde bulunmaları, takiben yürürlükte bulunan mevzuatımız üzerinde Avrupa Birliği hukukunun ve Birlik düzenlemelerini oldukça sıkı bir şekilde takip eden İsviçre’nin etkisi, Avrupa Birliği hukukuyla uyumun gelecekte de Türk hukukçularının gündeminde kalmasını gerektirmektedir. İşbu Kitap projesi 1973 yılında kurulan ve Avrupa Birliği’nin yetkili yayın ve dağıtım kuruluşlarınca tanınan Türkiye’deki ilk dokümantasyon merkezi olan İstanbul Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Avrupa Hukuku Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi tarafından, Türk hukukçularının bu alanda yapacağı bilimsel eserlere ve toplantılara kaynaklık etme gayesiyle hazırlanmıştır. Proje, akademik çalışma niteliğindedir ve yazarların Türk ve Avrupa Birliği hukukunun uyumuna ilişkin güncel değerlendirmeleri ile mevzuat yakınlaştırmasının ne şekilde yapılabileceği hakkında görüşlerini içermektedir. Çalışmanın başta Dışişleri Bakanlığı Avrupa Birliği Başkanlığı ve diğer ilgili Bakanlıklar nezdinde bulunan Avrupa Birliği uyum komisyonları olmak üzere, kamu mercileri tarafından hazırlanan rapor veya ulusal program/eylem planlarının hayata geçirilmesine yardımcı olması amaçlanmaktadır. Hazırlık sürecinde öncelikle hukukumuzda Avrupa Birliği hukukuyla uyumun gözetildiği özel hukukun alt disiplinleri belirlenmiş, bu alanlarda ele alınacak konunun tercihi proje katılımcılarına bırakılmıştır. Proje, özel hukukun tüm alt disiplinlerini kapsamadığı gibi belirlenen alanlara yönelik tüm Avrupa Birliği müktesebatının da ele alınmadığının altı çizilmelidir. Her bir katılımcı, belirlediği konu başlığı altında konuyu en kapsamlı şekilde ele alan düzenlemeleri incelemektedir. İncelenen düzenlemelerin tamamı Avrupa Birliği Kurucu Antlaşmalarında iç pazarın işleyişine yönelik hükümlere dayanmaktaysa da bu hükümlere, incelenen mevzuatın gösterildiği künyeler yerine Avrupa Birliği hukukuna yönelik açıklamalar başlıkları altında yer verilmektedir. Böylelikle rekabet hukuku bölümü altındaki konu başlıkları hariç, Avrupa Birliği mevzuatı başlığı altında yalnızca Avrupa Birliği organları tarafından çıkarılan tasarrufların künyeleri gösterilmektedir. Bunun yanında incelenen tüm AB mevzuatının Avrupa Birliği Kurucu Antlaşmalarındaki dayanaklarının da gösterildiği listesi kitabın sonunda okuyucuların istifadesine sunulmaktadır. Alt disiplinler, Türkiye’nin belirli bir yol kat ettiği fakat güncel Avrupa Birliği mevzuatı ışığında uyumunun yeniden değerlendirilmesi ihtiyacının bulunduğu alanları kapsayacak şekilde Avrupa Komisyonu Türkiye Ülke Raporları ve 2016- 2019 yıllarını kapsayan Avrupa Birliği Bakanlığı tarafından hazırlanan Avrupa Birliği’ne Katılım İçin Ulusal Eylem Planı ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı 11. Kalkınma Planı gözetilerek belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle çalışma, müzakerelere açılmış bulunan Şirketler Hukuku, Mali Hizmetler, Tüketicinin ve Sağlığın Korunması, Fikrî Mülkiyet Hukuku ve henüz müzakereye açılmamış bulunan Rekabet Politikası fasılları ile müzakereye açılmış ve açılmamış pek çok fasılda atıfta bulunulan kişisel verilerin korunması alanlarına temas etmektedir. Mezkûr alanlarla ilgili düzenlemeler Şirketler Hukuku, Bankacılık ve Sermaye Piyasası Hukuku, Fikrî ve Sınai Mülkiyet Hukuku, Rekabet Hukuku, Tüketici Hukuku ve Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Hukuku ana başlıkları altında incelenmektedir. Proje kapsamında katılımcılardan çalışmalarını I. Mevzuat A. Avrupa Birliği Hukuku B. Türk Hukuku; II. Açıklamalar A. Avrupa Birliği Hukuku B. Türk Hukuku, III. Değerlendirme ve Öneriler planını takip ederek hazırlamaları beklenmiştir. Bu sayede her bir konuyla alakalı yalnızca Avrupa Birliği hukuku veya yalnızca Türk hukuku hakkında bilgi edinmek isteyen okuyucuların da çalışmadan rahatça istifade edilebilmesi gözetilmiştir. Değerlendirme ve önerilerin ayrı bir başlık altında sıralanmasıyla, Avrupa Birliği mevzuatıyla uyum anlayışının Avrupa Birliği mevzuatının tercüme edilmesinin ötesinde ve hukukumuzla ilişkisinin bütüncül bir yaklaşım ile ele alınarak ortaya konulması hedeflenmektedir. Bu başlık altında Türk hukuku ile Avrupa Birliği hukuku birlikte değerlendirilerek varılan sonuçlara numara sırası ile yer verilmiştir. Bununla birlikte katılımcılara değerlendirmelerinde izleyecekleri yol konusunda esneklik sağlanmış, katılımcılar Avrupa Birliği mevzuatının çevirisini çalışmalarına ekleme, madde önerisinde bulunma konularında serbest bırakılmıştır. Editörler Kurulu, bu noktada ana konu başlıklarının belirlenmesi ve tüm çalışmaların işbu Kitabın yöneldiği temel amaç doğrultusunda incelenmesi yanında, bunlar arasında sistematik bir ahengin sağlanmasına da özen göstermiştir.

Description: This paper is devoted to a special form of "proving" in civil proceedings. The prima facie evidence is about proving a causal connection with life experience and common knowledge. The term "prima facie evidence" appears repeatedly in Swiss literature and case law, but what is meant by it often remains unclear. This paper addresses the open questions about prima facie evidence in Swiss civil procedure: It examines (1) what is meant by it, (2) what exactly is proved by it, (3) how the court forms its conviction, (4) how prima facie evidence is to be classified in the structure of burden of proof, standard of proof, and evaluation of evidence, and (5) what are the consequences for civil procedure.

Description: The purchase of additional items in videogames, also called ‘Microtransactions’, has recently grown to become one of the dominating methods of monetization in the games industry. However, many versions of these monetization schemes face severe backlash because it appears that the ways to monetize games are increasingly influencing the contents of the medium and that those games are purposefully designed to bring vulnerable players to spend more money than they meant to. In this thesis, those points of criticism were taken into consideration and as a starting point to explore the legality of these kinds of monetization schemes from a legal standpoint. This was done with regards to the Unfair Competition Law, Youth Protection regulation and general civil law. Also, the chance-based variant of microtransactions, the so called ‘Lootboxes’, have been examined with regard to their legality under gambling regulations.

Description: The presentation on Heinrich Heine to the Berlin Legal Association summarizes the stations of his life, the path of a German European in French exile.

Description: Protection of fundamental rights in Europe takes place in a tense balance between EU law, the Convention on Human Rights, and national constitutions. The author draws potential parallels to the relationship between the Federal Constitutional Court and the European Court of Justice, and proposes a dogmatic model for the complimentary protection of fundamental rights.

Description: How does the law react to real crises and what is the problem-solving power of legal regulation in difficult situations? Conversely, do crises also have an impact on how the law works – and should they have one at all? In the XXIII. Volume of the APARIUZ publication series, young researchers from the University of Zurich from different legal areas deal with how the law deals with crises. The starting point for reflections on the interplay between crises and law is not only the corona pandemic, but also a wide variety of other situations that encourage - or force - criticism and rethinking.

Description: Wie reagiert das Recht auf reale Krisen und worin liegt die Problemlösungskraft rechtlicher Regulierung in schwierigen Situationen? Haben umgekehrt auch Krisen einen Einfluss darauf, wie das Recht funktioniert – und sollten sie überhaupt einen haben? Im XXIII. Band der Schriftenreihe APARIUZ setzen sich Nachwuchswissenschaftler*innen der Universität Zürich aus unterschiedlichen Rechtsbereichen mit dem Umgang des Rechts mit Krisen auseinander. Ausgangspunkt für Reflexionen über das Wechselspiel zwischen Krisen und Recht bildet dabei nicht nur die Corona-Pandemie, sondern auch verschiedenste andere Situationen, die zu Kritik und Umdenken anspornen – oder zwingen.

Description: It is common practice for patients in a hospital to be treated by the on-duty physician. If patients want to be treated by a certain physician, then they are subject to additional charges. This is referred to as ‘chief physician treatment’ because it is often chief physicians who are selected to carry out treatment. Commonly, chief physicians are considered to be particularly experienced and competent. But even if a chief physician treatment is contractually agreed with the patient, in many cases it is not the chief physicians who provide the individual treatment services. Sometimes they do not even participate in the treatment at all but nevertheless all the services are billed as chief physician treatment. Whether and the extent to which the law allows this kind of practice, is the subject of this dissertation.

Description: The book adresses the question how the concept of national identity in EU law relates to federalism and how potential conflicts between EU law and a Member States’ federal organisation are resolved. Building on a thorough analysis of Art. 4 para. 2 TEU, three legal systems (Austria, Belgium, Germany) are examined on the basis of a uniform analytical grid in order to identify their respective federal national identities. These are then contrasted with Union law in order to identify potential conflicts, in areas such as fundamental rights and freedoms and state aid law.

Description: Das Buch geht den Fragen nach, was das unionsrechtliche Gebot der Achtung der nationalen Identität durch die EU für die Bundesstaatlichkeit bedeutet, wo es Konflikte zwischen EU-Recht und der bundesstaatlichen Organisation gibt und und wie diese gelöst werden. Nach einer Analyse von Art. 4 Abs 2. EUV werden drei Rechtsordnungen (Belgien, Deutschland, Österreich) anhand eines einheitlichen Analyserasters auf bundesstaatsrelevante Identitätsbestandteile untersucht. Diese werden dann mit dem Unionsrecht kontrastiert, um so Konfliktpotential aufzuzeigen, etwa im Bereich der Grundrechte und Grundfreiheiten und im Beihilfenrecht.

Description: The dissertation analyzes the German and European legal situation and the development of case law on the subject of transgender identity in the system of fundamental and human rights. The work focuses primarily on the case law of the Federal Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights, but also takes a comparative legal approach and deals with the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. Both the Federal Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights provided important stimulus for legal reforms. The major legal issues examined in the work include the prerequisites for the change of legal gender, the change of first name, the legal consequences of a gender change for the continued existence of a marriage and the recognition of transsexual men and women as fathers or mothers, as well as the legal requirements for the assumption of costs for gender reassignment surgeries.

Description: Although it is clear that the trial of Jesus has been extensively discussed and described before, new aspects are revealed by a strict focus on the written text from the perspective of legal history. The author follows this approach and comes to the inexorable conclusion that Jesus`s sentence was fully consistent with the terms of Roman penal and procedural law.

Description: Adhesion proceedings enable civil claims to be assessed in criminal proceedings. Its legal regulation in Art. 122 ff. StPO is, however, very rudimentary and incomplete. Jurisprudence and doctrine have so far hardly addressed the incompleteness of the procedure or the related coordination deficit of criminal and civil procedural law. The thesis shows how legal gaps in adhesion proceedings can be filled and how criminal and civil procedural law can be coordinated, as it were. The thesis shows which guiding principles are decisive for the filling of gaps. It explains how to deal with collisions between criminal and civil procedural law. With the help of the developed method, the work then provides concrete proposals for solutions to specific procedural questions.

Description: Das Adhäsionsverfahren ermöglicht die Prüfung zivilrechtlicher Ansprüche im Strafverfahren. Seine gesetzliche Regelung in Art. 122 ff. StPO ist jedoch sehr rudimentär und unvollständig. Rechtsprechung und Lehre haben sich bisher kaum mit der Unvollständigkeit des Verfahrens oder dem damit verbundenen Koordinierungsdefizit von Straf- und Zivilprozessrecht auseinandergesetzt. Die Arbeit zeigt, wie Rechtslücken in Adhäsionsverfahren geschlossen und Straf- und Zivilprozessrecht sozusagen aufeinander abgestimmt werden können. Die Arbeit zeigt, welche Leitprinzipien für die Lückenfüllung entscheidend sind. Es erläutert den Umgang mit Kollisionen zwischen Straf- und Zivilprozessrecht. Mit Hilfe der entwickelten Methode liefert die Arbeit dann konkrete Lösungsvorschläge für konkrete Verfahrensfragen.

Description: It is predicted that church membership in the Protestant church in Germany will be cut in half by 2060. Church tax liability plays a central role in church resignations. Therefore, reform proposals of the church tax law are discussed to prevent church resignations, such as the exemption of young professionals from church tax liability. However, the right to tax is not a purely ecclesiastical matter but has implications for the state sector. Therefore, the collection of church taxes entails framework conditions imposed by the Constitution, which limits the church's freedom of organization. This thesis examines the reform proposals of church tax law regarding their legal feasibility and, in doing so, sheds light on the limits of the tax autonomy of religious communities. Central questions are: How flexible is the taxation right of religious communities? What is the church allowed to do? And what can it implement?