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  • thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology  (101)
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences  (94)
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
  • IntechOpen  (197)
  • ANU Press  (5)
  • English  (202)
  • Czech
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  • English  (202)
  • Czech
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  • 1
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    Epilepsy During the Lifespan (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Epilepsy During the Lifespan - Beyond the Diagnosis and New Perspectives discusses the most widespread neurological pathology in the world. The book presents interesting contributions to controversial topics in epilepsy. It includes nine chapters organized into three sections: “New and Old Perspectives on Epilepsy”, “Epileptic Syndromes” and “Society and Epilepsy”.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Muscular Dystrophy (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The book provides a comprehensive overview of the different forms of muscular dystrophy (MD), including potential therapeutic interventions and the advantages associated with repurposing pharmaceuticals for treating these conditions. In addition, the book examines the effects of physical training on improving symptoms as well as patient quality of life and life span. The target audience of this book comprises students, researchers, and doctors with an interest in the field of muscular dystrophy.
    Keywords: muscle strength ; stem cells ; cell therapy ; physiotherapy ; astrocyte ; cell proliferation ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Vegetation Index and Dynamics (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book contemplates methodologies that can be used in the teaching of future experts in agriculture and plant cultivation. It expresses the need for knowledge transfer for good territorial management in the current era of climate change. In most cases, land management at the planetary level is sustainable, but today's society demands sustainable development. To improve the training of technicians in sustainable development methodologies, this book presents some methods and techniques compatible with ecodevelopment.
    Keywords: Climax ; Diversity ; Ecology ; Shrubs ; Borders ; Grasslands ; Dynamic Stages ; Methodological Analysis ; Teaching Methods ; Conservation ; Exploitation ; Natural Resources ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Seed Biology (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Seeds are important reproductive materials that enable the continued existence of plants. They are the first step of life and the key to production, sufficiency, and nutrition, in other words, existence. This book provides a comprehensive overview of seed biology, with chapters on seed morphology, physiology, metabolomics, ecology, dormancy, storage, germination, and viability.
    Keywords: Flowering Time ; Environmental Factors ; Seed Production ; Species ; Harvest Period ; Seed Development ; Seed Dormancy ; Germination ; Longevity ; Storage ; Embryo ; Endosperm ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Ataxia (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book presents a comprehensive overview of ataxia, a common neurological disorder that affects all ages. It can manifest in children when they start to sit and walk and under a specific form of genetic disease and in the elderly through falls that worsen with age. In general, ataxia consists of the involuntary lack of coordination of muscle movements, which mainly presents as abnormalities in gait, changes in speech (e. g., scanning speech), and abnormal eye movements such as nystagmus. It results from dysfunction of the nervous system areas responsible for the coordination of movements and, most commonly, the cerebellum and its connections to the cerebrum and periphery. The book is organized into three sections and six chapters that address such topics as genetic conditions, childhood-onset ataxia, ataxia and multiple sclerosis, therapeutic interventions, and more.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Stroke (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Adequate stroke care access not only requires the availability of comprehensive healthcare facilities but also needs affordability and knowledge of the availability of these services. Presentations of stroke syndromes depend on their location, size, and underlying comorbidities. These lesions can have clinical features of increased intracranial pressure, focal neurological deficits, or seizures (generalized or partial) with rapid progression. This book presents high-quality research work on recent advances in the management of stroke.
    Keywords: rehabilitation ; eeg ; endothelial dysfunction ; headache ; spasticity ; neurofeedback ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Plant Physiology Annual Volume 2023 (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book summarizes the design of drought-tolerant crops through CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing, focusing on reprogramming gene expression patterns that regulate the balance of plant hormones. The organic farming system is presented to highlight the potential role of alleviating changing climate-related abiotic stress. The current knowledge of artificial photosynthesis systems and cellular processes related to photosynthetic biochemistry was illustrated. Additionally, it explores intriguing subtopics of plant physiology, including an alternative natural rubber source and plant reproductive strategies, contributing to advancements in agricultural biotechnology. Recommended for students, teachers, and researchers interested in applied plant physiology, plant biochemistry, and crop breeding.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    〈i〉Elaeis guineensis〈/i〉 (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Elaeis guineensis is the scientific name for oil palm. It is also referred to as African oil palm as well as macaw fat. The industry is undoubtedly one of the most important commercial businesses in the world at present. The high oil yield of oil palms has made it a common cooking ingredient in Southeast Asia and the tropical belt of Africa. There are many new technologies hailed and explored to maintain the sustainability of the palm oil industry. This book provides an overview of these aspects while providing information on managing the gaps and voids of the industry in order to sustain its viability and feasibility. It is hoped that this book will provide valuable information to academics, industry personnel, manufacturers, and other categories of stakeholders of the palm oil industry alike.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Frontiers in Hydrocephalus (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book represents the collective expertise and dedication of numerous scholars and professionals from around the globe who share a keen interest in hydrocephalus. As a specialized text, it delves into the most advanced concepts and technological developments in the diagnosis and treatment of hydrocephalus. This book offers an extensive introduction to the history of hydrocephalus treatment, the current state of therapeutic approaches, diverse treatment methods, common complications associated with hydrocephalus, and the diagnosis and treatment of several rare forms of the condition. While the book consolidates traditional viewpoints, it places even greater emphasis on presenting the most recent diagnostic and treatment concepts in hydrocephalus. The innovative inductive summaries of certain rare or unique types of hydrocephalus are particularly noteworthy. This comprehensive approach allows readers to gain a more profound and well-rounded understanding of the evolution and future trajectory of hydrocephalus. Catering to a diverse audience, this book is not only appropriate for junior neurosurgeons seeking a foundational understanding of hydrocephalus but also serves to satisfy the more in-depth inquiries of experienced senior neurosurgeons exploring the subject matter.
    Keywords: tuberculosis ; biomechanics ; ascites ; meningitis ; intracranial pressure ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Parkinson’s Disease (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Despite being described about 200 years ago, the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is not well understood due to its complex etiology and heterogeneity of symptoms and progression. Animal models provide a great opportunity to follow the progression of neurodegeneration and to screen potent therapeutic molecules, knowledge of which can be critical for different levels of clinical trials. Contemporary health technologies are coming in handy to accelerate the pace of developing novel and refined therapeutic strategies for PD. This book, Parkinson’s Disease - Animal Models, Current Therapies and Clinical Trials, provides a comprehensive overview of PD, presenting information on animal models of PD and contemporary therapeutic strategies, health technologies, clinical trials, and their influence on the quality of life of patients with PD.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Resource Management in Agroecosystems (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In our rapidly growing and changing world, the sustainable management of Earth’s resources has become an urgent global priority. Resource Management in Agroecosystems provides a compass for navigating this complex terrain. It offers a multifaceted exploration of resource management from sustainable agricultural practices to water and energy optimization, soil conservation, and biodiversity preservation. This book delves deep into the strategies needed to harmonize food production with environmental stewardship. Beyond addressing challenges, this book also spotlights opportunities, inviting readers to embark on a transformative journey. With profound gratitude to our authors, reviewers, and publishers, we invite you to join us in this intellectual odyssey. Let Resource Management in Agroecosystems guide you toward a more sustainable and resilient future, where the needs of humanity harmonize with the well-being of our planet.
    Keywords: climate change ; sustainability ; environment ; biodiversity ; global warming ; carbon sequestration ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Recent Advances in Alternative Medicine (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Modern medicine tends to favor treatment with pharmaceuticals. However, there is a growing trend towards personalized and holistic medicine that incorporates a person’s biopsychosocial and spiritual perspective. This book discusses some of these alternative medical approaches, including biofeedback vibrational medicine, acupuncture, and more. Health and wellness must be redefined, and lifestyle should be taken into consideration without ignoring traditional and alternative medical methods. This book presents a comprehensive overview of alternative medicine, presenting new approaches to health in combination with modern orthodox medicine.
    Keywords: Energetic Medicine ; Vibrational Medicine ; Homeopathy ; Epigenetics ; Acupuncture ; Ayurveda ; Mind-Body Therapies ; Phytotherapy ; Aromatherapy ; Hirudotherapy ; Apitherapy ; Hypnotherapy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Multiple Sclerosis (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong neurological condition that has no known cure. This book provides an extensive exploration of current and future directions for understanding immunology, neuroscience, and the development of potent treatment modalities. It presents an in-depth analysis and expert commentary on the role of genetics, lifestyle factors, biomarkers, neuroimaging, cognitive domains, artificial intelligence, and innate immunity in MS pathogenesis. We hope that the book is helpful to readers of all spheres of life, including those who want to understand more about MS, those who are keen to improve their understanding of MS disease pathogenesis, those who are enthusiastic to know more about treatment modalities, and those who want to be informed about state-of-the-art clinical developments in MS.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Making Plant Life Easier and Productive Under Salinity (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Human health is closely linked with the health of the soil, which is both a vital resource for feeding the burgeoning global population via agriculture and vital to realizing most of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. However, increased salinization is significantly impacting the health of soil due to excess accumulation of varied salts (e.g., toxic ions including Cl− of Na+, HCO3−, Ca2+ and Mg2+, and sometimes SO42− and CO32−). Unfortunately, soil salinization has already affected about 20% of total arable land and 33% of irrigated land. Soil salinization negatively affects the health and productivity of plants and crops and thus threatens agriculture and food security worldwide. Moreover, it is predicted that by 2050, 16. 2 million ha of land will be affected by salt, which is predicted to cause 30%–50% yield losses worldwide. Making Plant Life Easier and Productive Under Salinity - Updates and Prospects provides a comprehensive overview of salinity and its major impacts. Chapters discuss important approaches for making plant life easier and more productive under salinity, the scale and complexity of salinity impacts on Sri Lankan rice farming systems, salinity stress responses of major metabolites, in vitro production of terpene in plants, the major mechanisms underlying phytohormone-mediated control of salinity impacts in plants, and genomics-assisted breeding approaches for achieving salinity tolerance in cereal crops.
    Keywords: phytohormones ; abiotic stress ; stress ; secondary metabolites ; in vitro ; stress tolerance ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Plant Abiotic Stress Responses and Tolerance Mechanisms (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Climate change is threatening the world’s agricultural systems. High temperatures, drought, salinity, greenhouse gas emissions, and more are abiotic stresses that hinder plants’ ability to survive. Thus, it is vitally important that science designs and develops strategies to help plants not only survive stress but also thrive under stressful conditions. Plant Abiotic Stress Responses and Tolerance Mechanisms provides a comprehensive overview of plant morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses to different abiotic stresses. It includes seven chapters that address such topics as current challenges and future threats of plant abiotic stresses, regulatory networks in plants under abiotic stresses, plant adaptation to temperature extremes and salinity, plant secondary metabolites and stress tolerance, and the role of phytohormones in plant stress tolerance.
    Keywords: oxidative stress ; nanoparticles ; drought ; salinity ; secondary metabolites ; genes ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    Advances in Cerebral Aneurysm Treatment (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: As diagnostic and functional neuroimaging advances, the choice of the best patient-tailored treatment for cerebral aneurysm becomes far more difficult. New technologies that can help identify the most suitable therapy include machine learning algorithms to process big data, robotic applications for interventional procedures, and dynamic vascular flow models. Different biological and epidemiological parameters have been delineated as prognostic factors that add a fundamental piece of information to the decision of whether to proceed with surgery, endovascular treatment, or a combination of both. With technical improvement and prolonged patient life expectancy, recurrent cerebral aneurysm is becoming more common. To deal with the complex issue of aneurysm re-intervention, a clear definition of the clinical and radiological outcomes is essential. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the currently emerging innovations in the treatment of cerebral aneurysms, from their pre-operative holistic assessment to long-term follow-up, focusing on the opportunities provided by the newest technologies.
    Keywords: machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; neuroinflammation ; neurosurgery ; ischemic stroke ; subarachnoid hemorrhage ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    Phosphorus in Soils and Plants (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Phosphorus (P) stands second to nitrogen in terms of its essentiality as a plant macronutrient, as well as due to its involvement in almost all plant developmental stages, primary and secondary plant metabolisms, maintenance of membrane structures, and in the structural skeleton of major biomolecules. An optimum P-supply also helps plants combat abiotic stress impacts. Most P in soil remains unavailable for uptake by plants. P-containing fertilizers are being added to agricultural lands to sustain high yields. Only the least amount of the applied P (20%–30%) is used by most cultivated plants, and the rest remains as legacy P (P surpluses), which eventually causes eutrophication. This book, Phosphorus in Soils and Plants, reviews P in soils and plants, P dynamics in the soil–water–sediment environment, the major roles of P in the photosynthetic dark phase-biochemical pathways, major approaches for the sustainable management of P in agriculture, main mechanisms underlying the role of P in the regulation of plant–microbe interactions in the rhizosphere, literature on the role of microbial phosphate solubilization in management of soil and plant nutrients, and insights into P recovery through waste transformation. This volume is an important resource for plant biologists involved in teaching or research who wish to advance their knowledge of P in soils and plants.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortex (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortex – Interaction and Dynamics in Health and Disease discusses several important issues of cerebro-cerebellar collaboration and interactions. The morphological and functional study of the cerebral and cerebellar cortices and their interaction has considerable value for interpreting the clinical phenomenology of cortical degenerations in the initial stage of the disease. In addition, the analysis of cerebro-cerebellar interactions strongly supports the concept of the close functional unity and harmonization of the brain and the cerebellum, underlining the important role that the cerebellar cortex plays in the performance of higher mental faculties, creativity, emotional processes, and homeostatic equilibrium of the human body.
    Keywords: alzheimer’s disease, mitochondria, stroke, neurodegeneration, neuroplasticity, cerebellum ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Vegetation (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book looks at vegetation changes across the world. The use of normalized difference vegetation index, CORINE Land Cover, geographical information systems and remote sensing to monitor vegetation changes is highlighted. Conversion of dense forests into agricultural land, grazing areas or settlements and land cover changes in a Miombo woodland are reported. The role of neotropical forests as carbon pool stores and a reservoir of global biodiversity is explored. Influence of climate on island forest vegetation types, structure and diversity is reported in detail. Restoration of a degraded wildlife corridor through re-establishing native vegetation in India is also documented. Finally, the role of apomixes, a form of asexual reproduction via seed, in propagation of neotropical plants is discussed.
    Keywords: diversity, remote sensing, conservation, gis, global warming, deforestation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Grasses (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book has been prepared to embody the major and efficient applications of the different duties and roles of grasses in our life, as well as offered a solid concept for this kind of science. The book aims to illustrate various ideas, methods and how it is treated in the agronomic process for different forms of grasses in human life.
    Keywords: climate change, bioremediation, food security, ecology, microorganisms, biological control ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Irrigation in Agroecosystems (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The agroecosystem is one of the most fascinating, purposely human-created functional units, by which human species made a huge leap from predators and nomads to food growers (agriculturists). Irrigation is one of the oldest and still one of the most effective agricultural practices for providing continuous and quality foodstuffs.
    Keywords: evapotranspiration, bacteria, water, fungi, virus, dispersion ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Symbiosis in Nature (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Symbiosis is a vital and enduring interaction between two species in nature, benefiting both organisms involved. Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are the three main types of symbiotic relationships. Mutualism benefits both species, commensalism benefits one species while leaving the other unaffected, and parasitism benefits one species at the expense of the other. These interactions play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem stability and functionality. Symbiosis relies on a close genetic, physiological, and morphological connection between the participating species. Numerous examples demonstrate the significance of symbiosis in nature. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, for instance, convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which plants can utilize as a nutrient. This process reduces the reliance on chemical fertilizers. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance nutrient and water absorption in plants, while certain bacteria in the soil improve nutrient availability, plant development, and photosynthesis. These instances highlight the diverse ways in which symbiosis supports the well-being of different species. This book thoroughly explores various aspects of symbiosis in nature, delving into topics such as signaling, its importance in agriculture, and its role in mitigating abiotic stresses. It also provides a comprehensive exploration of various aspects related to symbiosis in nature, offering readers a valuable opportunity to enhance their understanding of this subject. By offering valuable insights, the book sheds light on the beneficial relationships that exist between different species. Overall, symbiosis is an integral mechanism that promotes the interdependence and cooperation of species in nature. Understanding the complexities and benefits of symbiotic relationships is essential for comprehending and preserving the delicate balance within ecosystems.
    Keywords: rhizosphere, heavy metals, gut microbiota, legumes, regeneration, pathogens ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Sustainability of Agroecosystems (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The present book is composed of modern theoretical and applied studies that highlight the core principles and evidence of sustainable agriculture. This work is systematically divided into two sections, which summarize crucial insights into this theme, such as agroecological concepts, case studies, soil health, and agroforestry systems. The chapters included in this book have been written by researchers whose expertise allows the relatively complex sustainable agroecosystem-related topics to be easily understood by any reader. Therefore, the target audience comprises not only scholars and specialists in the field but also common people and enthusiasts about this theme. Such chapter's collection is certainly a valuable resource about agricultural sustainable principles and a pleasure reading for those who are willing to dive more deeply into the study of "sustainability of agroecosystems."
    Keywords: biodiversity, agroforestry, soil fertility, soil quality, manure, crop yield ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Disciplining Interdisciplinarity (2023)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This book provides collaborative research teams with a systematic approach for addressing complex real-world problems like widespread poverty, global climate change, organised crime, and escalating health care costs. The three core domains are 1. Synthesising disciplinary and stakeholder knowledge, 2. Understanding and managing diverse unknowns, and 3.Providing integrated research support for policy and practice change. Each of these three domains is organised around five questions 1. For what and for whom? 2. Which knowledge, unknowns and aspects of policy or practice? 3. How? 4. Context? 5. Outcome? This simple framework lays the foundations for developing compilations of concepts, methods and case studies about applying systems thinking, scoping and boundary setting, framing, dealing with values, harnessing and managing differences, undertaking dialogue, building models, applying common metrics, accepting unknowns, advocacy, end-user engagement, understanding authorisation, dealing with organisational facilitators and barriers, and much more. The book makes a case for a new research style—integrative applied research—and a new discipline of Integration and Implementation Sciences or I2S. It advocates for progressing these through an I2S Development Drive. It builds on theory and practice-based research in multi-, inter- and transdisciplinarity, post-normal science, systemic intervention, integrated assessment, sustainability science, team science, mode 2, action research and other approaches. The book concludes with 24 commentaries by Simon Bronitt; L. David Brown; Marcel Bursztyn and Maria Beatriz Maury; Lawrence Cram; Ian Elsum; Holly J. Falk-Krzesinski; Fasihuddin; Howard Gadlin and L. Michelle Bennett; Budi Haryanto; Julie Thompson Klein; Ted Lefroy; Catherine Lyall; M. Duane Nellis; Linda Neuhauser; Deborah O’Connell with Damien Farine, Michael O’Connor and Michael Dunlop; Michael O’Rourke; Christian Pohl; Merritt Polk; Alison Ritter; Alice Roughley; Michael Smithson; Daniel Walker; Michael Wesley; and Glenn Withers. These begin a process of appraisal, discussion and debate across diverse networks.
    Keywords: General Science ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general::GPS Research methods: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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    Paraplegia (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: In the last decade, diverse research areas have developed novel approaches to overcome dysfunctions after a spinal cord injury (SCI). Even though motor restoration attracts the most clinical attention, sensory, autonomic, and mental health are also aspects fundamental to improving the quality of life of SCI patients. Over four sections of therapeutic, rehabilitation, and technological approaches, this book examines preclinical and clinical studies using mesenchymal stem cells and pharmacological or electrical stimulation strategies. Chapters also address the impact of paraplegia and associated loss of autonomic functions, including bowel and sexual dysfunction, as well as the convergence of new technologies aimed at providing postural support and enhancing mobility.
    Keywords: rehabilitation, stem cell therapy, spinal cord injury, exoskeleton, biomaterials, gut microbiota ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Update on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book contains selected peer-reviewed chapters which cover updated information on ALS written by international researchers. Update on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is comprised of 13 chapters from some of the world's top central nervous system researchers and neurologists to provide a timely review of the most recent developments in ALS, covering historic aspects, experimental animal models, genetics, pathogenesis, clinical aspects and imagenology among others. Contributors from Belgium, France, Japan, India, Italy, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, and Switzerland have collaborated enthusiastically and efficiently, dedicating their time to create this reader-friendly yet comprehensive work which includes many explanatory figures, tables and photos to enhance legibility and make the book clinically useful. We are looking forward with confidence and pride in the remarkable role that this book will play for a new vision and mission.
    Keywords: als, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als), oxidative stress, biomarkers, alzheimer’s disease, neurodegeneration ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Frontiers In Traumatic Brain Injury (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has the highest incidence of all common neurological dysfunctions and is a risk factor for a variety of neurological diseases. TBI is a major public health burden and the care of TBI patients is difficult. This book provides a comprehensive overview of TBI, addressing progress and needs in research as well as challenges in treatment. Chapters address such topics as emergency room airway management in TBI, craniocerebral injury in pediatric patients, traumatic optic neuropathy, and more.
    Keywords: Clinical & internal medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Photosynthesis (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book is a compilation. It starts from the origins of the photosynthetic capacity of organisms with a summary of the evolution of photosynthesis. This is followed by a concise description of the photosynthetic process and a discussion of the role that light, nutrients, and cultivation play in the photosynthetic process using examples in each case. Finally, the book explains future improvements in the field by applying nanotechnology to improve photosynthetic productivity, explaining how crop productivity can be increased by engineering crop plants for tolerance against various environmental stresses and improving yield attributes, especially photosynthetic efficiency using nanomaterials.
    Keywords: sustainability, stress, biofilm, co2, plasticity, abiotic factors ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Epileptology (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Epilepsy seems to represent one of the most frequent neurological diseases and occurs in about 1% of the general population. Although epilepsy is known since antiquity, the precise data on its pathogenesis and effective treatment are still collected and nowadays represents an interest for neurologists and psychiatrists. Being a neurological disease, epilepsy is characterized by a broad palette of comorbid psychiatric disorders (affective and anxiety disorders, psychoses) that reduce the quality of life. Moreover, the risk of suicidal attempts in persons with epilepsy is much higher than in general population that once again increases the actuality of epilepsy research in many aspects. The book contains 13 chapters written by different authors from all over the world on different topics, including phenomenology, pathogenesis, and treatment in epilepsy. The modern data on these topics may be helpful for many specialists in the domain of epileptology.
    Keywords: epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs, clinical manifestations, epidemiology, toxicity, genetics ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Alzheimer's Disease (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This Edited Volume Alzheimer’s Disease is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert in the field, working on Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with cutting-edge technology. All chapters are complete in themselves but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors in this research area, and opening new possible research paths for further novel developments.
    Keywords: Clinical & internal medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Revisiting Plant Biostimulants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Revisiting Plant Biostimulants focuses on recent advances in plant biostimulants (PBs), an eco-friendly sustainable technology that supports the increased agricultural production required to feed rapidly growing populations. PBs contain diverse bioactive natural substances: (i) humic and fulvic acids, (ii) animal and vegetal protein hydrolysates, (iii) macroalgae seaweed extracts, and (iv) silicon, as well as beneficial microorganisms. There are many concerns about the sustainability of current conventional methods as continued use of chemicals degrades both soil and the environment. This book explores the use of PBs, and their potential responses to current and impending environmental change.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Next-Generation Greenhouses for Food Security (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Modern greenhouse technology has revolutionized the food supply chain scenario over the past 40 years. Closed-field cultivation by means of agri-cubes, plant factories, vertical farming structures, and roof-top solar greenhouses has become the backbone of sustainable agriculture for producing all-year-round fresh fruits and vegetables. This book is an attempt to explore several profound questions such as how digital technology and simulation models have saved energy in commercial greenhouses, and why growers prefer LPWAN sensors and IoT monitoring devices over the traditional timer-based controllers? How artificial intelligence is capable of performing microclimate prediction and control, and what considerations should be taken into account for implementing desiccant evaporative cooling systems? With case-study examples and field experiments, each chapter highlights some of the most recent solutions and adaptation strategies toward improving the efficiency and sustainability of closed-field crop production systems.
    Keywords: computational fluid dynamics, internet of things, photosynthesis, energy balance, crop, hydroponics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Grasses and Grassland (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Grasslands are of vital significance globally by covering more than one-quarter of the earth’s surface. They are known by a variety of names, such as prairies, pampas, steppes, savannas, and so on, and provide feed to animals as well as serve as biodiversity reserves and catchment areas. Under the changing climate scenario, they can potentially serve as carbon sinks, which might alleviate the adverse effects of greenhouse gas emissions. This book provides fundamental knowledge of underutilized grasses of economic significance as well as discusses advancements in grasslands management for boosting their bio-productivity. There is a particular focus on state-of-the-art strategies for the restoration and conservation of grasslands in the era of changing climate.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Plant Engineering (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Undernourishment in some areas and abundance in others, accelerated climate changes, food distribution and security challenges, fluctuating economic and political stability and oversaturation in information - this is the world we are living in today. It seems that there is no time for the basic science plant research; instead of years of dedicated investigation, scientists are forced to wrap up their know-how in a project-oriented deliverables as fast as possible. The main strength of this book is the new knowledge about plant engineering that could be transferred into the applied science and, later on, to the industry. However, we should not forget that all great discoveries begin with the fundamental research, the wealth of good ideas and the dedicated scientific work.
    Keywords: climate change, sustainable development, gene expression, reactive oxygen species, metabolomics, gamma rays ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Climate Resilient Agriculture (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The changing climatic scenario has affected crop production in the adverse ways, and the impact of it on agriculture is now emerging as a major priority among crop science researchers. Agriculture in this changing climatic scenario faces multiple diverse challenges due to a wide array of demands. Climate-resilient agriculture is the need of the hour in many parts of the world. Understanding the adverse effects of climatic change on crop growth and development and developing strategies to counter these effects are of paramount importance for a sustainable climate-resilient agriculture. This multiauthored edited book brings out sound climate-resilient agriculture strategies that have a strong basic research foundation. We have attempted to bridge information from various diverse agricultural disciplines, such as soil science, agronomy, plant breeding, and plant protection, which can be used to evolve a need-based technology to combat the climatic change in agriculture.
    Keywords: drought, food security, global warming, salinity, heat stress, greenhouse gas ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Genetic Diversity in Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Genetic diversity is of fundamental importance in the continuity of a species as it provides the necessary adaptation to the prevailing biotic and abiotic environmental conditions, and enables change in the genetic composition to cope with changes in the environment. Genetic Diversity in Plants presents chapters revealing the magnitude of genetic variation existing in plant populations. The increasing availability of PCR-based molecular markers allows the detailed analyses and evaluation of genetic diversity in plants and also, the detection of genes influencing economically important traits. The purpose of the book is to provide a glimpse into the dynamic process of genetic variation by presenting the thoughts of scientists who are engaged in the generation of new ideas and techniques employed for the assessment of genetic diversity, often from very different perspectives. The book should prove useful to students, researchers, and experts in the area of conservation biology, genetic diversity, and molecular biology.
    Keywords: Plant reproduction & propagation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Soil Contamination (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This edited book, Soil Contamination - Current Consequences and Further Solutions, is intended to provide an overview on the different environmental consequences of our anthropogenic activities, which has introduced a large number of xenobiotics that the soil cannot, or can only slower, decompose or degrade. We hope that this book will continue to meet the expectations and needs of all interested in diverse fields with expertise in soil science, health, toxicology, and other disciplines who contribute and share their findings to take this area forward for future investigations.
    Keywords: heavy metals, bioremediation, plant growth, pahs, bioreactors, medicinal plants ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Astrocyte (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: A team of authors from prestigious academic schools contributed to draw up a project that would give a detailed account of astrocyte's morphology and physiology, examining thoroughly all the astrocyte's types; giving an accurate description of their morphology, location, function in the brain; and illustrating their physiology and pathology in terms of dealing with neurons through "gliotransmitters," ionic channels, and membrane receptors expression. This book gives an overview of the crucial role of astrocytes in the physiology of the CNS and in the pathogenesis of several CNS disorders suggesting that the shift from a neurocentric view to one that incorporates astrocytes in disease models for drug discovery is a critical step in renewing drug development strategies to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
    Keywords: neurodegeneration, astrocytes, signal transduction, astrogliosis, cancer, alzheimer’s disease ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Seizures (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book contains selected peer-reviewed articles that cover novel information on epileptic seizure and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures written by international researchers. In this book, we discuss self-reporting technologies for supporting epilepsy treatment. We also discuss about the diagnostic testing in epilepsy genetic clinical practice. Clinical aspects related to diagnosis in patients presenting psychogenic non-epileptic seizures vs. epileptic seizures and neurocysticercosis are discussed as well. We delivered novel aspects about the treatment for pseudoseizures. In another chapter, the authors estimated the prevalence of ischemic stroke in epileptic patients presenting subarachnoid neurocysticercosis and ischemic stroke frequency among HIV-positive patients, and finally other authors discuss autoimmune epilepsy, its new development, and its future directions. We are looking forward with confidence and pride to the remarkable role that this book will play for a new vision and mission.
    Keywords: epilepsy, epidemiology, immunotherapy, stroke, hiv, algorithm ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Cucumber Economic Values and Its Cultivation and Breeding (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Cucumber is a well-known and popular vegetable because of its rich nutrient profile and versatile uses in culinary, therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. This book provides information on the plant’s origins, biology, and breeding as well as research on its economic value, utilization, cultivation, and therapeutic benefits.
    Keywords: diabetes, flavonoids, fermentation, soil, biological control, lactic acid bacteria ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Current Perspectives on Less-known Aspects of Headache (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Headache, as a main neurological problem in everyday life, still takes place as a contributor on top of the list of many partially solved neurological conditions. Not only primary headaches but secondary headaches are still clinical concerns of diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and therapy. This book is quite different from classical headache books. First of all, it does not contain the classical schema of a classical headache textbook. Most of the chapters composing this book contain many answers for many unanswered questions about headache in general, for example, "Is headache a genetic condition?", "What do smartphones do to our brains? Do they cause headaches?", and "Does botulinum toxin really improve chronic migraine?". We hope this book will be an interesting read and perhaps a guide in some new aspects of headache and help understand "some interesting headache issues" while stressing some of the less known mentioned above.
    Keywords: migraine, epigenetic, minimally invasive surgery, acupuncture, heart rate variability, smartphone ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Spinal Cord Injury (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Spinal cord injury is a severe scenario that may be caused by traumatic and non-traumatic vertebral or neurological disorders. Neurological impairment, chronic pain, and reduced quality of life may affect patients suffering from spinal cord injury, the onset of which may arise in an acute or chronic manner. Spinal surgeons, anesthetists, neuro-intensivists, neurologists, physiotherapists, rehabilitation medicine doctors, radiologists, neurophysiologists, and carers are all involved in the management of these patients. The chapters in this book combine a useful summary of this topic for non-expert readers with an in-depth study of medical and non-medical experts in the field.
    Keywords: apoptosis ; chronic pain ; mediterranean diet ; neuropathic pain ; neuroregeneration ; omega-3 fatty acids ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Agroecosystems (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book, “Agroecosystems – Very Complex Environmental Systems”, aims to present an update on different aspects associated with the importance of sustainable agriculture. It was our intention to gather information from diverse sources in this volume and to give some real-life examples, extending the appreciation of the complexity of this subject in a way that may stimulate new approaches in relevant fields.
    Keywords: remote sensing, conservation, biodiesel, gis, cyanobacteria, pretreatment ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Neurophysiology (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book discusses timely topics in the field of neurophysiology ranging from descriptions of nerve cells and glial cells to neural networks, sensory processing, neuroplasticity, neuropathophysiology, and human behavior. As such, all organizational levels of the nervous system are considered in one or more of the book’s twelve chapters. The chapters review or present novel findings and provide the reader with an overview of the current state of the art of neurophysiology research. They discuss research advances in different brain regions and experimental models. In addition, the book contributes to the training of current and future neuroscientists and, hopefully, will lead us on the path to curing some of the biggest challenges in human health.
    Keywords: Clinical & internal medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Current and Emerging Challenges in the Diseases of Trees (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This Edited Volume Current and Emerging Challenges in the Diseases of Trees is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of Life Sciences. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the Agricultural and Biological Sciences research area. All chapters are complete in themselves but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors on Agricultural and Biological Sciences and open new possible research paths for further novel developments.
    Keywords: epidemiology ; bacteria ; citrus ; pests ; anthracnose ; botanicals ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Advancement and New Understanding in Brain Injury (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book covers the latest developments in the understanding and treatment of traumatic brain injury. Various world experts authored the chapters that comprise a wealth of updated information on intracranial pressure; monitoring and diagnostic methods; neuroinflammatory responses in traumatic brain injury; cerebral palsy and Covid-19–related brain disorder; pathogenesis and prevention of fetal, neonatal, infant, and child brain injury; hyperbaric oxygenation treatment; the engineering and modeling of head injury; systematic review on early-tracheostomy; intracranial aneurysm in tuberous sclerosis complex; and the neurobehavioral and cognitive aspects of brain injury. With these complex topics, every clinician, scientist, and researcher will find this book invaluable in understanding the latest improvements and advances in the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic brain injury.
    Keywords: inflammation, traumatic brain injury, cytokines, hypoxia, ultrasound, cerebral palsy ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Agro-Economic Risks of Phytophthora and an Effective Biocontrol Approach (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book examines the risk of Phytophthora infection on different economic plants. It is divided into three sections that address the threats of Phytophthora infections to economic plants in Egypt and Ghana, the biocontrol of Phytophthora infections, and the prevalence and recognition of Phytophthora infection. This book discusses significant aspects of Phytophthora diseases as well as methods of their control to maintain sustainable agriculture and national economy. It is a valuable scientific resource for farmers, agriculturists, and other interested readers.
    Keywords: epidemiology, deep learning, bacteria, sustainable development, pathogenicity, internet of things (iot) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Plant Competition in Cropping Systems (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In the coming years, farmers will face difficult challenges throughout the world in terms of climate change, water scarcity, and environmental issues caused by conventional agricultural technologies. Effective management of natural resources can be encouraged by orienting the common agricultural practices towards the functional biodiversity concept in designing and implementing sustainable and eco-friendly cropping systems. In the framework of polycrop science, this book provides basic principles and several case studies of polycrop utilization in various regions of the world as a method of functional biodiversity amplification through species associations that maximize the productivity per unit of land area, suppress the growth and development of weeds, and reduce the amount of harmful pests and insects.
    Keywords: sustainability, biodiversity, biological control, cassava, legumes, agroforestry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Peat (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Peatlands are formed in limited areas and have significant effects on our planet. As a result of their use peatlands are continually shrinking on a daily basis. This edited book, Peat, is intended to provide an overview of different perspectives of peat material in relevant disciplines. We hope that this book will contribute to the expectations and needs of all relevant disciplines that share their findings for future research.
    Keywords: land use, carbon, drainage, dye, design, humic acids ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Caregiving and Home Care (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The management of chronic diseases is one of the tasks of all members of the health team, and different models need to be applied in the practice of chronic care management. One of these models is home care services. There are two main sections in this book. In the first part of the section, the concept of caregiving and care at home is explained. In the second part, the responsibilities of caregivers at home and the responsibilities of caregivers of people who have health problems that occur during different periods of life are discussed. In the second section, the problems of caregivers are also included. I would like to think that what is quoted in this book, which contains examples from different cultures of the world for home care approaches, will contribute to the development of home care services. This book is presented to all health professionals working in the field of health services as well as health politics professionals and students trained in these areas.
    Keywords: poverty, caregivers, breast cancer, quality of life, dementia, hiv ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Botany (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book integrates knowledge of plant biotechnology, plant physiology, and the environment. It presents new information about soil organic carbon sequestration using plant species (tropical grasses) that have potential in climate change mitigation. It also presents scientific knowledge on the multipurpose role of microRNA (miRNA), focusing mainly on stress tolerance in crop plants. Chapters discuss uses, methods, and advantages of recombinant DNA technology and novel plant biotechnology applications for plant-based vaccines. This volume brings together knowledge about non-edible plants seeds as potential sources of biodiesel production to mitigate the global energy crisis.
    Keywords: covid-19, abiotic stress, biodiesel, mirna, biosynthesis, stress tolerance ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Epilepsy (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: According to the World Health Organization, nearly 80% of people with epilepsy live in low- and middle-income countries and could live seizure-free if properly diagnosed and treated. Among the structural and genetic triggers that may lead to epilepsy are head trauma, abnormal synaptic connectivity, receptor subunits anomalies, and atypical ionic channel function. Developing brains are specifically susceptible to seizures for many reasons, for example, the presence of enhanced excitation due to the early production of excitatory neurotransmitters, and the fact that the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA causes excitation early in life. These studies help to clarify why the very young brain is exceptionally prone to seizures. The chapters presented in this book describe how structural, genetic, infectious, and metabolic abnormalities can lead to epileptogenesis. Nevertheless, many underlying disease mechanisms that can lead to epilepsy remain unknown.
    Keywords: neuroinflammation ; apoptosis ; parasites ; microglia ; meg ; leukoencephalopathy ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Forage Groups (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The correct use of forage as animal food is a less expensive way of improving animal performance and reducing the costs of animal products. Therefore, we hope the book Forage Groups allows its readers to acquire knowledge about cultivation, harvesting, and conservation of grass and legumes. This book presents data from many countries around the world and we hope it will be useful for all interested readers in improving their background in forage.
    Keywords: climate change, deforestation, methane, carbon dioxide, cattle, greenhouse gas emissions ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Advances in Biology and Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Biological nitrogen fixation has essential role in N cycle in global ecosystem. Several types of nitrogen fixing bacteria are recognized: the free-living bacteria in soil or water; symbiotic bacteria making root nodules in legumes or non-legumes; associative nitrogen fixing bacteria that resides outside the plant roots and provides fixed nitrogen to the plants; endophytic nitrogen fixing bacteria living in the roots, stems and leaves of plants. In this book there are 11 chapters related to biological nitrogen fixation, regulation of legume-rhizobium symbiosis, and agriculture and ecology of biological nitrogen fixation, including new models for autoregulation of nodulation in legumes, endophytic nitrogen fixation in sugarcane or forest trees, etc. Hopefully, this book will contribute to biological, ecological, and agricultural sciences.
    Keywords: Plant reproduction & propagation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: Core Concepts, Shifting Paradigms, and Therapeutic Targets, delivers the concepts embodied within its title. This exciting book presents the full array of theories about the causes of Alzheimer's, including fresh concepts that have gained ground among both professionals and the lay public. Acknowledged experts provide highly informative yet critical reviews of the factors that most likely contribute to Alzheimer's, including genetics, metabolic deficiencies, oxidative stress, and possibly environmental exposures. Evidence that Alzheimer's resembles a brain form of diabetes is discussed from different perspectives, ranging from disease mechanisms to therapeutics. This book is further energized by discussions of how neurotransmitter deficits, neuro-inflammation, and oxidative stress impair neuronal plasticity and contribute to Alzheimer's neurodegeneration. The diversity of topics presented in just the right depth will interest clinicians and researchers alike. This book inspires confidence that effective treatments could be developed based upon the expanding list of potential therapeutic targets.
    Keywords: Neurology & clinical neurophysiology ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Cerebrovascular Diseases (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book elucidates the key principles of cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) in three sections. The first section addresses relevant pathophysiological aspects, diagnosis, treatment, and complications of CVDs, the second section examines CVDs in resource-poor settings and the geriatric population, and the final section discusses atrial fibrillation and cryptogenic stroke.
    Keywords: Clinical & internal medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Connectivity and Functional Specialization in the Brain (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: ‘Connectivity and Functional Specialization in the Brain’ is a topic that describes nerve cells in terms of their anatomical and functional connections. The term connectome refers to a comprehensive map of neural connections, like a wiring diagram of an organism’s nervous system. Connectomics, the study of connectomes, can be applied to individual neurons and their synaptic connections, as well as to connections between neuronal populations or to functional and structural connectivity of different brain regions. This book addresses neural connectivity at these various scales in health and disease. The chapters review novel findings related to neuroanatomy and cell biology, neurophysiology, neural plasticity, changes of connectivity in neurological disorders, and sensory system connectivity. The book provides the reader with an overview of the current state-of-the-art of research of neural connectivity and focuses on the most important evidence-based developments in this area. Individual chapters focus on recent advances in specific areas of neural connectivity and in different brain regions. All chapters represent recent contributions to the rapidly developing field of neural connectivity.
    Keywords: consciousness, cytokines, spinal cord injury, intensive care unit, brainstem, default mode network ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Corn (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Corn or maize (Zea mays L.) plays an important role in global food security. The many uses of corn make it a central commodity and a great influence on prices. Because of its worldwide distribution and relatively lower price, corn has a wider range of uses. It is used directly for human consumption, in industrially processed foods, as livestock feed, and in industrial nonfood products such as starches, acids, and alcohols. Recently, there has been interest in using maize for the production of ethanol as a substitute for petroleum-based fuels. It is an important source of carbohydrate, protein, iron, vitamin B, and minerals. Climate change, however, is a growing concern among corn growers worldwide. Scientists estimate that corn production will need to be increased by 15% per unit area between 2017 and 2037. To increase corn yields, advanced and new production technology needs to be developed and distributed among corn growers. The advanced technology to boost corn yields and counteract climate change is important for food security for the growing global population. Nutritionally, maize seeds contain 60-68% starch and 7-15% protein. Maize oil is widely used as a cooking medium and for manufacturing hydrogenated oil. The oil has the quality of reducing cholesterol in the human blood similar to sunflower oil. Corn flour is used as a thickening agent in the preparation of many edibles such as soups, sauces, and custard powder. Integrated nutrients management improves corn growth, leaf area index and light interception, dry matter accumulation and distribution, grain and fodder quality, yield components, grain and biomass yields, harvest index, and shelling percentage, and reduces the problem of food insecurity.
    Keywords: maize, antioxidants, gis, biotechnology, flavonoids, functional foods ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Plant Growth (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Over the last few decades, the prevalence of studies about plant growth has dramatically grown in most regions of the world. Many aspects have been investigated related to this phenomenon. If we can gain understanding of how plants grow, then we may be able to manipulate it to reduce both chemical fertilizer use and its environmental impact without decreasing the yield. This book provides information about the use of bio-agents, plant health, plant pathogen, property of melanin, and the influence of rootstock and root growth. We hope this information will be useful for all the people who work with this hot topic.
    Keywords: drought, bacteria, abiotic stress, stress, energy, evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    COVID-19, Neuroimmunology and Neural Function (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The recent and ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has changed societies and research around the world. As such, this new book examines the latest developments in the field of neuroscience related to these changes. It includes six chapters in two sections: “COVID-19 Effects: Neurology, Neuroimmunology, Neurogenesis” and “Molecular and Cellular Neurochemistry.” The first section includes chapters that address such topics as COVID’s effect on adult neurogenesis, neurological manifestations of COVID-19, and COVID-19 and seizures. Chapters in the second section discuss peripheral biomarkers in multiple sclerosis, amino acids as neurotransmitters, advancements in RNA sequencing technologies, and more.
    Keywords: Clinical & internal medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Plant Growth and Regulation (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Plant Growth and Regulation - Alterations to Sustain Unfavorable Conditions consists of five chapters written by scientists from different parts of the world, who are experts in their respective focuses of research. The topics cover the physical growth and physiological and genetic alterations in plants, particularly under environmental stress conditions. The storyline of this book starts from the plant community, followed by cellular and ultrastructural phenomenes occurring within the plant in its interaction with the environment, and ends with elucidation of chloroplast's DNAs, their transfer to the nucleus, and the genetic engineering technology applicable for plant adaptation to changing environmental conditions. This book is aimed at attracting the attention of students, teachers, as well as scientists who have a similar focus of study or interest. It contains advanced studies in the respective chapters.
    Keywords: climate change, heavy metal, chlorophyll, biotechnological applications, metal toxicity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Hypothalamus in Health and Diseases (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The human hypothalamus, a small structure at the base of the brain, has strategic importance for the harmonic function of the human body. It controls the autonomic nervous system, neuroendocrine function, circadian and circannual rhythms, somatic activities, and behavior, and is situated at the borders between the brain and the body and the brain and the soul, meeting points for mind and body. The hypothalamus is involved in a wide range of higher mental functions, including attention, learning and reinforcement of mnemonic processes, emotional control, mood stability, and cognitive-emotional interactions. It also has a role to play in behavioral disorders, panic reactions, cluster headache, gelastic epilepsy, mental deficiency, periodic disorders, depression, autism, and schizophrenia, and in a substantial number of neurodegenerative diseases. It enlarges greatly the dimensions of the hypothalamic contribution in controlling psychosomatic equilibrium and retaining internal unity of the human existence.
    Keywords: alzheimer’s disease, apoptosis, aging, anatomy, circadian rhythm, electron microscopy ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Parkinson's Disease (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder results due to loss of dopamine producing brain cells. Knowledge relating to PD condition has been known since 5000BC, however no effective therapeutic strategies are available till today. Therefore it is important for neurobiologists to work further by taking advantage of modern scientific methods and develop appropriate therapeutic strategies. Efforts in this direction are worthy as they will reduce the burden of PD among elderly, who are already burdened with age related systemic degenerative processes. This book is a humble effort in that progressive direction. It has chapters covering multiple aspects relating to etiology, pathophysiology of PD, available and futuristic therapeutics strategies. Therefore it will be of interest to common man, biomedical researchers and clinicians. This is one small step in a direction "to reduce the burden of neurological disease."
    Keywords: parkinson’s disease, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, personalized medicine, phenotype, pharmacogenetics ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Plant Roots (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The root is an organ that generally grows into the soil in developed plants that have adapted to terrestrial life but rarely is found above the ground. The roots have channels to transport nutrients and water to the stem and leaves. Studies on roots will provide opportunities to develop food security and environmental sustainability. This book explains root-soil interactions, ethnobotanical use of roots, secondary metabolite production, and soil resource acquisition from agricultural and ecological perspectives.
    Keywords: physiology, cotton, pgpr, biochemistry, abiotic stresses, plant nutrition ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Active Ingredients from Aromatic and Medicinal Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Recently, new compounds from medicinal plants were discovered, and they were used as anti-severe diseases. Therefore, this book covers interested research topics dealing with isolation, purification, and identification of active ingredients from wild and medicinal plants. This discovery will lead to an increase in the global pharmaceutical market as well as open such new gate for medicinal plant research. This book will add significant information to medical researchers and can be used for postgraduate students.
    Keywords: antioxidant, antimicrobial, meat quality, essential oils, quality control, pathogens ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Abiotic Stress Response in Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Plants, unlike animals, are sessile. This demands that adverse changes in their environment are quickly recognized, distinguished and responded to with suitable reactions. Drought, heat, cold and salinity are among the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect plant growth and productivity. In general, abiotic stress often causes a series of morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular changes that unfavorably affect plant growth, development and productivity. Drought, salinity, extreme temperatures (cold and heat) and oxidative stress are often interrelated; these conditions singularly or in combination induce cellular damage. To cope with abiotic stresses, of paramount significance is to understand plant responses to abiotic stresses that disturb the homeostatic equilibrium at cellular and molecular level in order to identify a common mechanism for multiple stress tolerance. This multi authored edited compilation attempts to put forth an all-inclusive biochemical and molecular picture in a systems approach wherein mechanism and adaptation aspects of abiotic stress are dealt with. The chief objective of the book hence is to deliver state of the art information for comprehending the effects of abiotic stress in plants at the cellular level.
    Keywords: Botany & plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Autism (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book opens with a discussion of neurodiversity and an elaboration of the diagnosis of autism. It then examines factors correlating with autism, including sex bias, month of birth, migration and impact of infant feeding. The next section is on the impact of autism. The neurobiology and genetic section deals with epigenetics and intracellular pathways associated with etiology. The development and behaviour section deals with proprioceptive profiles and joint attention in autism. The final section focuses on interventions including mindfulness, animal assisted activity, social/cultural perspective on autism intervention and physical activity. The book is relevant to all professionals and researchers working with persons with autism, including psychiatrists/psychologists, speech and language therapists, occupational therapists, teachers, nurses and care workers.
    Keywords: epigenetics, oxidative stress, risk factors, genetics, stress, migration ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Bamboo (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The idea of information on research and development carried out on bamboo has emerged with the paradigm shift in the area of utilization of natural fibres in various industries. Technological advancements in bamboo sustenance have involved chemical and physical modification that has led to products of high-performance index. This book provides the latest research developments in many aspects of bamboo process, manufacture and commercialization potential. Apart from the interest to facilitate a complete assessment of bamboo as well as assist readers in achieving their goals, this book is intended to be of value to both fundamental research and also to practicing scientists and will serve as a useful reference for researchers, agricultural practitioners and organizations involved in the bamboo-based industry.
    Keywords: biomass, pyrolysis, wear, pathogens, nitrogen, thermal properties ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Advances in Photosynthesis (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Photosynthesis is one of the most important reactions on Earth. It is a scientific field that is the topic of many research groups. This book is aimed at providing the fundamental aspects of photosynthesis, and the results collected from different research groups. There are three sections in this book: light and photosynthesis, the path of carbon in photosynthesis, and special topics in photosynthesis. In each section important topics in the subject are discussed and (or) reviewed by experts in each book chapter.
    Keywords: Botany & plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Abiotic Stress in Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: How plants adapt to climate change is a complex and multifaceted process and understanding it requires a comprehensive knowledge of plant biology and ecology. Some of the most serious stresses that plants face include heat and water stress, soil degradation, and increased pests and diseases. Addressing these challenges is crucial to preserve lives and livelihoods and requires a combination of scientific research, technical innovations, and policy interventions to increase ecosystem resilience and sustainable agricultural practices. This book is a step in the right direction, as it provides a comprehensive overview of plant adaptation to abiotic stresses.
    Keywords: agriculture ; drought ; global warming ; oxidative stress ; environment ; antioxidants ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Recent Research on Balance Disorders (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book provides a comprehensive overview of balance disorders. It discusses the initial approach to patients with balance disorders and presents important studies in the field. It is designed for general practitioners and specialist physicians.
    Keywords: vertigo ; pain ; hearing loss ; older adults ; meniere’s disease ; head injury ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Botulinum Toxin Therapy Manual for Dystonia and Spasticity (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Taking exception from previous publications and reviews, this handbook boldly knits botulinum toxin therapy indications in both dystonia and spasticity. Botulinum toxin therapy has indeed withstood the test of time in terms of its efficacy and safety, as applied in hyperfunctional states of the muscle and exocrine glands. Topics were chosen spanning from the basic science to the clinical applications and to instrument-guidance injections. The format was envisioned to be timely as one (either a novice or an experienced clinician) applies practical approaches with botulinum toxin therapy ranging from straightforward to challenging clinical scenarios. As well, clinicians and students alike will find the book useful in content and relevance to contemporary times. Please read with no fear and don't doubt because indeed you eventually become the winner as you finish the book.
    Keywords: Neurology & clinical neurophysiology ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Advances in Plant Pathology (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Plant pathology deals mainly with biotic phenomena that interfere with the normal metabolism of plants. Plants have developed mechanisms to deal with pathogenic attacks, while at the same time, pathogens are actively devising ways of overcoming the plant defense systems. Plant pathologists have been advancing their studies from morphological and physiological to now molecular studies at the gene level. There are various approaches for different microorganisms and plants. This makes the study of plant pathology diverse. This book, Advances in Plant Pathology, attempts to investigate advances in viral, fungal, bacterial, and other diagnostic molecular approaches in various plants.
    Keywords: quorum sensing, grapevine, integrated pest management, stochastic model, morphology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Abiotic Stress in Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Environmental insults such as extremes of temperature, extremes of water status, and deteriorating soil conditions pose major threats to agriculture and food security. Employing contemporary tools and techniques from all branches of science, attempts are being made worldwide to understand how plants respond to abiotic stresses with the aim to manipulate plant performance that is better suited to withstand these stresses. This book searches for possible answers to several basic questions related to plant responses towards abiotic stresses. Synthesizing developments in plant stress biology, the book offers strategies that can be used in breeding, including genomic, molecular, physiological, and biotechnological approaches that have the potential to develop resilient plants and improve crop productivity worldwide.
    Keywords: drought, salinity, physiology, genetic engineering, drought stress, water stress ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Cassava (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Cassava is a staple food for many nations owing to its resilience for growth under various climatic conditions. It is a good source of carbohydrates and is the third largest source of food carbohydrates in the tropics, after rice and maize. This book focuses on the morphological traits and nutritive properties of cassava and its production processes, postharvest techniques and diseases that affect the growth of the crop. Given its extensive usage and market value, it is one of the agricultural produces for which many biotechnological interventions have been applied for ascertaining food security. It is hoped that readers will gain knowledge on cassava as well as use some of the techniques mentioned herein for improvement of the production of the crop.
    Keywords: market, biomass, renewable energy, nutrition, gene expression, biotechnology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Moyamoya Disease (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Moyamoya disease is a rare cerebrovascular disease most prevalent in East Asian countries. Thanks to new diagnostic capabilities, the number of cases discovered, including asymptomatic patients, has been increasing steadily. However, asymptomatic from the clinical point of view does not necessarily mean that there are no subjacent problems. Indeed, many patients harbour cognitive decline long before they exhibit clinical or radiological manifestations. The only effective treatment is surgical revascularization, either direct, indirect, or combined. Many posit that preventive surgical treatment should be considered even in asymptomatic moyamoya patients, particularly in the paediatric age group. This book expands on these ideas and examines the various aspects of this dreadful disease.
    Keywords: stroke, neuropsychology, cerebral angiography, clinical features, revascularization ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Advances in Plant Defense Mechanisms (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Increasing human migrations, technological advances, agricultural activities, and climate change are forcing plants to adapt to new environments. This book highlights current morphological, anatomical, physiological, molecular, and genomic advances in plant defense mechanisms. These advances, including epigenetic mechanisms, have been linked to observed phenotypic plant plasticity. The book also outlines next-generation food systems, considering the resilience and sustainability of plant genomes and epigenomes.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Huntington's Disease (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Huntington's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain. It is one of the quite devastating and currently incurable human conditions. Degeneration of specific types of neurons in the brain results in a triad of clinical features: serious behavioral disturbances, uncontrolled movements of body parts, and deterioration of intellectual capabilities. The underlying complex mechanisms and molecular players of the cellular cascades still need to be deciphered in detail despite considerable advances. Once solved, the related molecular mechanisms will not only enlighten the HD story but will also shed light on other polyglutamine diseases and similar brain disorders. This book, Huntington's Disease-Molecular Pathogenesis and Current Models, is planned to cover recent scientific achievements in understanding the cellular mechanisms of HD. The chapters provide comprehensive description of the key issues in HD research. In this regard, this book will serve as a source for clinicians and researchers in the field and also for life science readers in increasing their understanding and awareness of the clinical correlates, genetic aspects, neuropathological findings, and potential therapeutic interventions related to HD.
    Keywords: huntington’s disease, pluripotent stem cells, glutamate, creb, mouse models, mmr ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Paraplegia (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Paraplegia - New Insights reviews different and complementary aspects of one of the most common and catastrophic conditions. The book, edited and organized into five chapters, covers the most interesting and frequently encountered scientific material on spinal cord injury and paraplegia. It is hoped that readers will not only find answers to some of their questions but also gain a detailed understanding of paraplegia and holistic approaches to its treatment.
    Keywords: spinal cord injury ; surgery ; risk factors ; rehabilitation ; quality of life ; disability ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Neurodegenerative Diseases (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Neurodegenerative Diseases - Processes, Prevention, Protection and Monitoring focuses on biological mechanisms, prevention, neuroprotection and even monitoring of disease progression. This book emphasizes the general biological processes of neurodegeneration in different neurodegenerative diseases. Although the primary etiology for different neurodegenerative diseases is different, there is a high level of similarity in the disease processes. The first three sections introduce how toxic proteins, intracellular calcium and oxidative stress affect different biological signaling pathways or molecular machineries to inform neurons to undergo degeneration. A section discusses how neighboring glial cells modulate or promote neurodegeneration. In the next section an evaluation is given of how hormonal and metabolic control modulate disease progression, which is followed by a section exploring some preventive methods using natural products and new pharmacological targets. We also explore how medical devices facilitate patient monitoring. This book is suitable for different readers: college students can use it as a textbook; researchers in academic institutions and pharmaceutical companies can take it as updated research information; health care professionals can take it as a reference book, even patients' families, relatives and friends can take it as a good basis to understand neurodegenerative diseases.
    Keywords: Neurology & clinical neurophysiology ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Traumatic Brain Injury (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) syndrome has emerged as a serious health concern worldwide due to the severity of outcomes and growing socioeconomic impacts of the diseases, e.g., high cost of long-term medical care and loss of quality of life. This book focuses on the TBI pathobiology as well as on the recent developments in advanced diagnostics and acute management. The presented topics encompass personal experience and visions of the chapter contributors as well as an extensive analysis of the TBI literature. The book is addressed to a broad audience of readers from students to practicing clinicians.
    Keywords: concussion, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, acupuncture, herbal medicine, biomechanics ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Advances in Agrophysical Research (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The idea of this book was born due to the rapid increase of the interest in excellence of agricultural production in the aspect of both – the quality of raw material for food production as well as in the aspect of environment protection. Agrophysics is a field of science that focuses on the quality of agriculture as a whole i.e. the interaction between human and environment, especially the interaction between soil, plant, atmosphere and machine. Physics with its laws, principles and rules is a good tool for description of the interactions, as well as of the results of these interactions. Some aspects of chemistry, biology and other fields of science are also taken under consideration. This interdisciplinary approach can result in holistic description of processes which should lead to improvement of the efficiency of obtaining the raw materials to ensure a sufficient amount of food, safe for human health. This book could be regarded as the contribution to this description. The reader can find some basic as well, as more particular aspects of the contemporary agriculture, starting with the soil characteristics and treatment, plant growth and agricultural products’ properties and processing.
    Keywords: Plant physiology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Cassava (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Cassava is a staple crop in a large number of countries due to its adaptability to a variety of climatic conditions. It has spread extensively throughout Latin America, tropical Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Cassava, which is well known for its high carbohydrate content, is the third most carbohydrate-rich food after rice and maize. This book discusses the diversity of cassava and its microbiome, cassava cultivation and postharvest practices, as well as crop yield-reducing diseases. Due to its widespread use and market importance, cassava has been subjected to biological and technological intervention to ensure food safety. This book will help readers to gain knowledge about cassava, its biological properties, and some of the strategies and procedures necessary to increase cassava crop output.
    Keywords: sustainability, genetics, breeding, chemical composition, irrigation, waste ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Reite Plants (2023)
    ANU Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Reite Plants is a documentation and discussion of the uses of plants by speakers of the Nekgini language, a people who reside in the hinterland of the Rai Coast in northern Papua New Guinea. High quality images and detailed information about traditional customary practices using plants provide a unique entry into understanding Nekgini social and cultural life. The book contains a discussion of the ownership of plant knowledge in the context of both local and contemporary global trends. As a dual language, co-authored text, the book is a unique contribution to the ethnobotany and anthropology of Melanesia. Reite Plants represents the product of a long term collaborative work between the authors. This book makes an important contribution … Nombo and Leach provide an exciting example of how much a deeper exploration of cultural context adds to the field of ethnobotany. It will make very good company with the classic ethnobiological collaborative work of Saem Majnep and Ralph Bulmer on the birds and animals of the Madang highlands. Robin Hide, The Australian National University
    Keywords: Botany & Plant Sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples ; thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples
    Language: English
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    Diagnostics of Plant Diseases (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Digital farming is an approach to farming in which crop yield is maximized while environmental impact is minimized. Integral to this approach is diagnostic sensing of plant disease and stress. This book examines innovative sensing technology such as satellite- and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based RGB and thermography imaging as well as hyperspectral, infrared, reflectance and Raman spectroscopy.
    Keywords: remote sensing, sensor, vegetation index, pathogenesis, pcr, rice ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    From Pathophysiology to Treatment of Huntington's Disease (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease leading to a variety of neurological and psychiatric symptoms such as chorea, parkinsonism, oculomotor symptoms, cognitive decline, depression, suicidal ideation, and psychosis. Currently, only symptomatic treatment is available. In recent years, there has been a growing number of publications regarding pathophysiology, disease biomarkers, and possible avenues for causal therapy of HD. This book presents an overview of the most important research updates in the pathophysiology and treatment of HD, with particular reference to advances in HD neuropathology, neuroimaging, and biomarkers of HD. We also summarize possible new therapeutic targets, including cannabis-based medicine, cellular, and cell-free therapeutics. Importantly, researchers from different regions of the world have contributed to this volume as we wanted to create a balanced, inclusive, and interdisciplinary review of the topics. We hope that with this book readers will be offered a compact summary of up-to-date trends in HD research which, ultimately, will enable better diagnosis and treatment for HD patients.
    Keywords: Clinical & internal medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Ischemic Stroke of Brain (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability across the globe. We have evolved from a sense of frustration and helplessness to proactive and effective management in the hyperacute and acute phase of a stroke. The aim is to salvage the ischemic brain and turn it again into a viable and functional one. Advances in imaging and newer therapeutic strategies of this devastating illness have changed our outlook. The modern management of an ischemic stroke involves intravenous thrombolysis within a window period of four and half hours. Endovascular management with newer stent retrievers has a higher rate of recanalization with an extended therapeutic window. A new era has emerged in the management of ischemic stroke treatment. This book, written by experts, aims to improve the understanding of stroke medicine for postgraduate medical students in medicine and neurology who have an interest in stroke care.
    Keywords: risk factors, cardiovascular diseases, acupuncture, herbal medicine, migraine, traditional chinese medicine ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Bryophytes (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Bryophytes are tiny, fragile, photosynthetic plants found all over the world, from the poles to deserts and forest areas. They contribute one-third of the oxygen we breathe as well as remove harmful CO2 from the atmosphere, thus helping mitigate the effects of climate change. Fragile and silent in their micro-habitat, they do so much for the planet, yet very little is known about them. This book is the result of the effort of several authors who work with bryophytes. It includes six chapters that address such topics as diversity and taxonomy, ecology, and biochemistry. The chapters present data on various species of Bryophyta from different continents, including Peru, Indonesia, Brazil, and Argentina.
    Keywords: diversity ; methylation ; water balance ; biopharmaceuticals ; glycoprotein ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Selected Topics in Myasthenia Gravis (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Myasthenia gravis is a rare potentially fatal chronic autoimmune disorder. Circulating autoantibodies directed against components of the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscles, most commonly nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and associated protein in the postsynaptic membrane, block neuromuscular transmission resulting in muscle weakness. This muscle weakness typically worsens with continued activity, improves on rest, and is of variable severity ranging from mild ocular muscle weakness to severe generalized muscle weakness, involving the respiratory muscle with impending respiratory failure. The worldwide prevalence of myasthenia gravis is 100-200 per million population, affecting more than 700,000 people all over the world. The prevalence rate has increased since the 1950s due to improved diagnostic precision and decreased mortality rate.
    Keywords: pregnancy, autoimmunity, autoantibodies, crystal structure, drug therapy, neonates ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Advances in Selected Plant Physiology Aspects (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book provides general principles and new insights of some plant physiology aspects covering abiotic stress, plant water relations, mineral nutrition and reproduction. Plant response to reduced water availability and other abiotic stress (e.g. metals) have been analysed through changes in water absorption and transport mechanisms, as well as by molecular and genetic approach. A relatively new aspects of fruit nutrition are presented in order to provide the basis for the improvement of some fruit quality traits. The involvement of hormones, nutritional and proteomic plant profiles together with some structure/function of sexual components have also been addressed. Written by leading scientists from around the world it may serve as source of methods, theories, ideas and tools for students, researchers and experts in that areas of plant physiology.
    Keywords: Plant physiology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Epilepsy (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: In the last two decades, there have been enormous advances in understanding epilepsy. Techniques such as electroencephalography, neuroimaging, neurosurgery, and neuropsychology are giving us a better understanding of the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Treatments such as antiepileptic drugs, surgery, and stem cell therapy are improving patient outcomes. This book presents the most current information on the physiopathology, diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy.
    Keywords: eeg, seizures, machine learning, epidemiology, environment, stroke ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Therapy Approaches in Neurological Disorders (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Neurological disorders are conditions affecting the central or peripheral nervous system, with undesirable consequences for the quality of life. This book highlights and discusses several approaches for managing these conditions and improving the functional capacity and quality of life of patients, including whole-body vibration exercise, biofeedback, sagittal plane spine alignment, allopathic and non-allopathic medications, phytotherapy, and more.
    Keywords: obesity, medicinal plants, rehabilitation, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, physical activity ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    New Visions in Plant Science (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Over the past decade, progress in plant science and molecular technologies has grown considerably. This book focuses on plant biotechnology applications specializing in certain aspects of breeding and molecular marker-assisted selection processes, omic strategies, usage of bioinformatic tools, and nanotechnological improvements in agricultural sciences. Most farmers and breeders can no longer simply turn to the older strategies, and new instructions are needed to adapt their systems to achieve their production goals. The book covers new information on using metabolomics and nanotechnology in agriculture. In these circumstances, all new data and technology are very important in plant science. The topics in this book are practical and user-friendly. They allow practitioners, students, and academicians with specific background knowledge to feel confident about the principles presented on a new generation of molecular plant biotechnology applications.
    Keywords: agriculture, phosphorus, nanoparticles, mass spectrometry, nanotechnology, breeding ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Traumatic Brain Injury (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health problem. There are several advanced techniques available for the investigation of disease neurobiology, diagnosis, and treatment. This book covers many topics in the active TBI research field such as cumulative mild head injury review, brain changes, and risk factors, as well as post-concussion syndrome (PCS) definition, classification, and association with brain dysfunction. Brain changes, including blood flow, intracranial pressure, and neuroinflammation, the neurobiological basis of neuroprotective activation, as well as correlation with PCS, including sleep, are illustrated further. Furthermore, multiple biomarkers, including S-100?, UCH-L1, and GFAP for blood-brain barrier breakdown and neuronal injury, are reviewed thoroughly. Lastly, well-evaluated neuroprotective agents, hypothermia as a neuroprotective effect in TBI, and effects investigation, as well as sedation in TBI as a neurocritical and therapeutic strategy with different assessments, are reported. This book introduces readers to a number of perspectives, including TBI disease pathophysiology and post-concussion syndrome classification, associated brain changes, imaging diagnosis, and several useful biomarkers with high sensitivities, as well as multiple therapeutic strategies. Various advanced technical developments, upfront neuroimaging, and clinical data are presented together with comprehensive, up-to-date, and interesting examples. Detailed reviews and accurate illustrations together with objective and informative discussions of several challenging problems such as PCS and neuroprotective treatments are the advantages of this book. Finally, this book will hopefully convey the clinical aspects of TBI and help guide diagnosis and therapeutic research in this field.
    Keywords: concussion, biomarkers, stroke, circadian rhythm, blood-brain barrier, meta-analysis ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Physical Methods for Stimulation of Plant and Mushroom Development (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemical additives used for increasing plant productivity can contaminate the raw materials used in food production. Physical methods represent alternative promising sources for stimulating plant and mushroom development and increasing vegetable production. Many physical factors are currently used for plant treatment, including electromagnetic waves, optical emission, laser, magnetic field, gamma rays and ultrasound and ionizing radiation. This book discusses these physical methods for stimulation of plant and mushroom development and seed invigoration. Current research trends, future research directions and challenges are also discussed. This book will be of interest to many readers, researchers and scientists who can find this information useful for the advancement of their research works towards a better understanding of physical methods in plant and mushroom development.
    Keywords: drought, abiotic stress, salinity, pgpr, weed control, genomic selection ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Citrus Pathology (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book is an attempt to compile different aspects of citrus pathology to provide an overall knowledge to those who are interested in it, so that they may identify the bottlenecks to improve it further. The book chapters detail about citrus diseases, metabolic changes in citrus plants against various stresses, quorum sensing and its role in symptom development, preharvest and postharvest disease management, and application of citrus and its compounds. The goal of this book is to provide the most up-to-date review on information available on pathological aspects of citrus. Therefore, this book will equip academia and industry people with adequate basic knowledge of citrus diseases and management options.
    Keywords: citrus sinensis, biofilm, biological control, metabolomics, neurodegenerative diseases, pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Atlas of Ultrastructure Interaction Proteome Between Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus and Gold Nanoparticles (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Atlas of Ultrastructure Interaction Proteome Between Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus and Gold Nanoparticles includes ultrastructure electron micrographs of the interaction of proteomes between barley yellow dwarf virus (bionanoparticles) and gold nanoparticles (metal nanoparticles) obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Over six chapters, the book expresses and illustrates the behavior and effects of these two kinds of nanoparticles inside the most important organelles of plant cells. The advantages of using gold nanoparticles as an inert metal therapy against plant virus particles include high efficacy with good tolerability and improvement of plant performance that leads to the disappearance of virus particles inside the plant cells.
    Keywords: gold nanoparticles (aunps), barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv-pav), cell wall, nucleus, sieve elements ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Schizophrenia Treatment (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Schizophrenia treatment has many facets. This book begins with the glutamatergic and GABAergic hypofunctioning contribute to the schizophrenic symptoms and their current targeted therapeutics. The genetic, epigenetic, and immune etiologies of schizophrenia and their potential targeted therapeutics as approached in this book are interesting. Understanding cognitive biases and delusional circuits in schizophrenia is important; several behavioral cognitive therapies working on the reduction and avoidance of these cognitive biases are demonstrating their effectiveness. Advances in schizophrenia treatment followed, including transcranial magnetic stimulation and special sport program, are presented at the book's end.
    Keywords: mitochondria, epigenetics, quality of life, dna methylation, hippocampus, amygdala ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Cerebral Palsy (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Cerebral palsy is a debilitating disease that affects the everyday life of patients and their caregivers. Understanding its pathophysiology, preventing avoidable factors, and effectively treating the disease with the most appropriate approach is paramount in the management of patients with cerebral palsy. This book presents up-to-date information about the etiology, pathophysiology, social aspects, and optimum care and treatment alternatives of this chronic condition.
    Keywords: spasticity ; pathophysiology ; botulinum toxin ; risk factor ; deep brain stimulation ; parents ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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    Clinical and Basic Aspects of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (2022)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is a major monogenic neurocutaneous disorder. The NF1 gene encodes the protein neurofibromin whose dysfunction promotes tumorigenesis in central and peripheral neuronal tissues. In addition to inducing the formation of cutaneous pigmented lesions or neurofibromas, NF1 affects multiple organ systems, resulting in neurological and psychiatric disorders, orthopedic conditions, and impaired endocrine functions. This book examines the fundamental, clinical, and basic aspects of NF1 over three sections and nine chapters. Topics addressed include bone lesions in children with NF1, diffuse neurofibromatous tissue, seizures in adults with NF1, Ras-GAP function of neurofibromin, endocrine disorders characteristic of NF1, and more.
    Keywords: Neurology & clinical neurophysiology ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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