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  • GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences  (20)
  • Lausanne : Frontiers  (10)
  • Englisch  (30)
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  • Englisch  (30)
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  • 2015-2019  (30)
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  • 1
    Unbekannt
    Deep Carbon in Earth : Early Career Scientist Contributions to the Deep Carbon Observatory (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): carbon ; CO2
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 06 Editorial: Deep Carbon in Earth: Early Career Scientist Contributions to the Deep Carbon Observatory / Donato Giovannelli, Benjamin A. Black, Alysia D. Cox and Cody S. Sheik --- Carbon Degassing at Volcanoes --- 08 Relationship between Diffuse CO2 Degassing and Volcanic Activity. Case Study of the Poás, Irazú, and Turrialba Volcanoes, Costa Rica / Matthieu Epiard, Geoffroy Avard, J. Maarten de Moor, María Martínez Cruz, Gustav Barrantes Castillo and Henriette Bakkar --- 22 Soil CO2 Degassing Path along Volcano-Tectonic Structures in the Pico-Faial-São Jorge Islands (Azores Archipelago, Portugal) / Fátima Viveiros, Márcio Marcos, Carlos Faria, João L. Gaspar, Teresa Ferreira and Catarina Silva --- The Deep Earth --- 40 Transformations and Decomposition of MnCO3 at Earth’s Lower Mantle Conditions / Eglantine Boulard, Yijin Liu, Ai L. Koh, Mary M. Reagan, Julien Stodolna, Guillaume Morard, Mohamed Mezouar and Wendy L. Mao --- 49 Structure and Dynamics of Confined C-O-H Fluids Relevant to the Subsurface: Application of Magnetic Resonance, Neutron Scattering, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations / Siddharth S. Gautam, Salim Ok and David R. Cole --- 68 An Experimental Study of the Carbonation of Serpentinite and Partially Serpentinised Peridotites / Alicja M. Lacinska, Michael T. Styles, Keith Bateman, Matthew Hall and Paul D. Brown --- Activity of Subsurface Communities --- 88 Improved Measurement of Extracellular Enzymatic Activities in Subsurface Sediments Using Competitive Desorption Treatment / Adrienne Hoarfrost, Rachel Snider and Carol Arnosti --- 99 Microbial Sulfide Filter along a Benthic Redox Gradient in the Eastern Gotland Basin, Baltic Sea / Mustafa Yücel, Stefan Sommer, Andrew W. Dale and Olaf Pfannkuche --- 115 Electron Transfer between Electrically Conductive Minerals and Quinones / Olga Taran --- 128 Reactivation of Deep Subsurface Microbial Community in Response to Methane or Methanol Amendment / Pauliina Rajala and Malin Bomberg --- 141 Response of Deep Subsurface Microbial Community to Different Carbon Sources and Electron Acceptors during ~2 months Incubation in Microcosms / Lotta Purkamo, Malin Bomberg, Mari Nyyssönen, Lasse Ahonen, Ilmo Kukkonen and Merja Itävaara --- 155 Guar Gum Stimulates Biogenic Sulfide Production at Elevated Pressures: Implications for Shale Gas Extraction / Sophie L. Nixon, Leanne Walker, Matthew D. T. Streets, Bob Eden, Christopher Boothman, Kevin G. Taylor and Jonathan R. Lloyd --- Serpentinization and the Carbon Cycle --- 166 Serpentinization-Influenced Groundwater Harbors Extremely Low Diversity Microbial Communities Adapted to High pH / Katrina I. Twing, William J. Brazelton, Michael D. Y. Kubo, Alex J. Hyer, Dawn Cardace, Tori M. Hoehler, Tom M. McCollom and Matthew O. Schrenk --- 182 Methane Dynamics in a Tropical Serpentinizing Environment: The Santa Elena Ophiolite, Costa Rica / Melitza Crespo-Medina, Katrina I. Twing, Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo, William J. Brazelton, Thomas M. McCollom and Matthew O. Schrenk --- Carbon Through Space and Time --- 196 Evaluating the Role of Seagrass in Cenozoic CO2 Variations / Marco Brandano, Marco Cuffaro, Giovanni Gaglianone, Patrizio Petricca, Vincenzo Stagno and Guillem Mateu-Vicens --- 205 The Hyperarid Core of the Atacama Desert, an Extremely Dry and Carbon Deprived Habitat of Potential Interest for the Field of Carbon Science / Armando Azua-Bustos, Carlos González-Silva and Gino Corsini --- Building a Carbon Network --- 211 Weaving a Knowledge Network for Deep Carbon Science / Xiaogang Ma, Patrick West, Stephan Zednik, John Erickson, Ahmed Eleish, Yu Chen, Han Wang, Hao Zhong and Peter Fox
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (221 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889453634
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-363-4
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Stress Field Control of Eruption Dynamics (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Volcanology ; Volcanic Eruptions ; stress field ; Eruption dynamics ; Eruption triggering
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Increasing evidence supports the claim that stress changes play a fundamental role in triggering volcanic eruptions. Stress changes may vary in origin to include earthquakes, erosion and landslide processes, deglaciation, or tidal effects. The local stress can also change as response of magma influx from deeper reservoirs and an increase of the magma/gas pressure. The stress transfer may be of great importance in reawakening a dormant system. As an example, significant statistical correlation of large earthquakes and eruptions in time and space was suggested in many works. The interaction may be two-fold; where magma intrusions may change the stress at active faults and trigger earthquakes, while tectonic earthquakes may affect the magmatic system and change the eruption activity. The change in local tectonic stress has been claimed as trigger of large ignimbrite eruptions or for controlling the eruptive style of explosive eruptions. Sometimes volcano systems that are nested or closely located may become active in chorus; neighbouring volcanoes may interact in the sense that one volcano triggers its neighbouring volcano. However, although there is ample evidence of concurrence, the processes of interacting volcanoes and near- to far-field tectonic stress are not well understood. Some studies suggest that volcanic eruptions are triggered if compressive stress acts at the magma system and “squeezes” out magma. Other studies suggest that extensional stress fields facilitate magma rise and thus encourage eruptions, or that fluctuating compression and extension during the passing of seismic waves trigger eruptions. This research topic tries to address some of the important open questions in interaction between stress field and volcanic eruption, though both review papers and new contributions.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (131 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889452774
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-277-4
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Unbekannt
    Recent Advances in Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Geomicrobiology ; deep biosphere ; IODP ; ocean crust ; iron oxidation ; sulfate reduction ; hydrothermal vents
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Igneous oceanic crust is one of the largest potential habitats for life on earth, and microbial activity supported by rock-water-microbe reactions in this environment can impact global biogeochemical cycles. However, our understanding of the microbiology of this system, especially the subsurface “deep biosphere” component of it, has traditionally been limited by sample availability and quality. Over the past decade, several major international programs (such as the Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations, the current International Ocean Discovery Program and its predecessor Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, and the Deep Carbon Observatory) have focused on advancing our understanding of life in this cryptic, yet globally relevant, biosphere. Additionally, many field and laboratory research programs are examining hydrothermal vent systems –a seafloor expression of seawater that has been thermally and chemically altered in subseafloor crust – and the microbial communities supported by these mineral-rich fluids. The Frontiers in Microbiology 3 September 2017 | Recent Advances in Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust papers in this special issue bring together recent discoveries of microbial presence, diversity and activity in these dynamic ocean environments. Cumulatively, the articles in this special issue serve as a tribute to the late Dr. Katrina J. Edwards, who was a pioneer and profound champion of studying microbes that “rust the crust”. This special issue volume serves as a foundation for the continued exploration of the subsurface ocean crust deep biosphere.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (326 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889452835
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-283-5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Unbekannt
    Coronal Magnetometry (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): astronomy ; Sun ; solar corona ; Magnetic Fields ; solar flares ; Coronal mass ejections ; magnetohydrodynamics ; spectropolarimetry ; Solar Activity
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Magnetism defines the complex and dynamic solar corona. It determines the magnetic loop structure that dominates images of the corona, and stores the energy necessary to drive coronal eruptive phenomena and flare explosions. At great heights the corona transitions into the ever-outflowing solar wind, whose speed and three-dimensional morphology are controlled by the global coronal magnetic field. Coronal magnetism is thus at the heart of any understanding of the nature of the corona, and essential for predictive capability of how the Sun affects the Earth. Coronal magnetometry is a subject that requires a concerted effort to draw together the different strands of research happening around the world. Each method provides some information about the field, but none of them can be used to determine the full 3D field structure in the full volume of the corona. Thus, we need to combine them to understand the full picture. The purpose of this Frontiers Research Topic on Coronal Magnetometry is to provide a forum for comparing and coordinating these research methods, and for discussing future opportunities.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (172 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889452200
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-220-0
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    Geomicrobes: Life in Terrestrial Deep Subsurface (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Terrestrial deep biosphere ; Eukaryotes ; Groundwater ; microbiome ; Heavy metal resistance ; MINE ; Nitrogen Cycle ; Iron oxidation ; Methane ; cave
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The deep subsurface is, in addition to space, one of the last unknown frontiers to human kind. A significant part of life on Earth resides in the deep subsurface, hiding great potential of microbial life of which we know only little. The conditions in the deep terrestrial subsurface are thought to resemble those of early Earth, which makes this environment an analog for studying early life in addition to possible extraterrestrial life in ultra-extreme conditions. Early microorganisms played a great role in shaping the conditions on the young Earth. Even today deep subsurface microorganisms interact with their geological environment transforming the conditions in the groundwater and on rock surfaces. Essential elements for life are richly present but in difficultly accessible form. The elements driving the microbial deep life is still not completely identified. Most of the microorganisms detected by novel molecular techniques still lack cultured representatives. Nevertheless, using modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatics the functional roles of these microorganisms are being revealed. We are starting to see the differences and similarities between the life in the deep subsurface and surface domains. We may even begin to see the function of evolution by comparing deep life to life closer to the surface of Earth. Deep life consists of organisms from all known domains of life. This Research Topic reveals some of the rich diversity and functional properties of the great biomass residing in the deep dark subsurface.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (141 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889451791
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-179-1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Integrative Research on Organic Matter Cycling Across Aquatic Gradients (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Marine Biogeochemistry ; Carbon ; organic matter ; river ; estuarine ; marine ; atmosphere ; dynamics ; ecosystem ; interface ; transition
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Editorial: Integrative Research on Organic Matter Cycling across Aquatic Gradients / Nicholas D. Ward. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00131 --- Influence of Major Storm Events on the Quantity and Composition of Particulate Organic Matter and the Phytoplankton Community in a Subtropical Estuary, Texas / Nicolas E. Reyna, Amber K. Hardison and Zhanfei Liu. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00043 --- The Fate of Carbon in Sediments of the Xingu and Tapajós Clearwater Rivers, Eastern Amazon / Dailson J. Bertassoli, André O. Sawakuchi, Henrique O. Sawakuchi, Fabiano N. Pupim, Gelvam A. Hartmann, Michael M. McGlue, Cristiano M. Chiessi, Matthias Zabel, Enno Schefuß, Tatiana S. Pereira, Rudney A. Santos, Samantha B. Faustino, Paulo E. Oliveira and Denise C. Bicudo. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00044 --- Flux of Dissolved and Particulate Low-Temperature Pyrogenic Carbon from Two High-Latitude Rivers across the Spring Freshet Hydrograph / Allison N. Myers-Pigg, Patrick Louchouarn and Roman Teisserenc. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00038 --- Environmental Drivers of Dissolved Organic Matter Molecular Composition in the Delaware Estuary / Helena Osterholz, David L. Kirchman, Jutta Niggemann and Thorsten Dittmar. doi: 10.3389/feart.2016.00095 --- Molecular and Optical Properties of Tree-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter in Throughfall and Stemflow from Live Oaks and Eastern Red Cedar / Aron Stubbins, Leticia M. Silva, Thorsten Dittmar and John T. Van Stan. doi: 10.3389/feart.2017.00022 --- Composition and Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Baltic Sea / Michael Seidel, Marcus Manecki, Daniel P. R. Herlemann, Barbara Deutsch, Detlef Schulz-Bull, Klaus Jürgens and Thorsten Dittmar. doi: 10.3389/feart.2017.00031 --- Evaluation of Primary Production in the Lower Amazon River Based on a Dissolved Oxygen Stable Isotopic Mass Balance / William C. Gagne-Maynard, Nicholas D. Ward, Richard G. Keil, Henrique O. Sawakuchi, Alan C. Da Cunha, Vania Neu, Daimio C. Brito, Diani F. Da Silva Less, Joel E. M. Diniz, Aline De Matos Valerio, Milton Kampel, Alex V. Krusche and Jeffrey E. Richey. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00026 --- Surface Gradients in Dissolved Organic Matter Absorption and Fluorescence Properties along the New Zealand Sector of the Southern Ocean / Eurico J. D'Sa and Hyun-cheol Kim. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00021 --- The Genesis and Exodus of Vascular Plant DOM from an Oak Woodland Landscape / Peter J. Hernes, Robert G. M. Spencer, Rachael Y. Dyda, Anthony T. O'Geen and Randy A. Dahlgren. doi: 10.3389/feart.2017.00009 --- Carbon Dioxide Emissions along the Lower Amazon River / Henrique O. Sawakuchi, Vania Neu, Nicholas D. Ward, Maria de Lourdes C. Barros, Aline M. Valerio, William Gagne-Maynard, Alan C. Cunha, Diani F. S. Less, Joel E. M. Diniz, Daimio C. Brito, Alex V. Krusche and Jeffrey E. Richey. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00076 --- Short-Term Dissolved Organic Carbon Dynamics Reflect Tidal, Water Management, and Precipitation Patterns in a Subtropical Estuary / Peter Regier and Rudolf Jaffé. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00250 --- Impact of Wetland Decline on Decreasing Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations along the Mississippi River Continuum / Shuiwang Duan, Yuxiang He, Sujay S. Kaushal, Thomas S. Bianchi, Nicholas D. Ward and Laodong Guo. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00280 --- Microbially-Mediated Transformations of Estuarine Dissolved Organic Matter / Patricia M. Medeiros, Michael Seidel, Scott M. Gifford, Ford Ballantyne, Thorsten Dittmar, William B. Whitman and Mary Ann Moran. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00069 --- Dissolved Organic and Inorganic Carbon Flow Paths in an Amazonian Transitional Forest / Vania Neu, Nicholas D. Ward, Alex V. Krusche and Christopher Neill. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00114
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (201 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889452125
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-212-5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Sea Level Variability and Change (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): sea level rise ; Climate Change ; coastal flooding ; Extreme sea levels ; storm surge ; Tides ; Coastal morphology ; Meteotsunamis ; Tide gauges ; satellite altimetry
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: There is observational evidence that global mean sea levels are rising and there is concern that the rate of rise will accelerate throughout the 21st century, significantly threatening growing coastal communities. Modern society is vulnerable to even small changes in sea level. More than 600 million people currently live within 10 m of present-day sea level, in an area that generates 10% of the world’s total GDP. An assessment of 136 of the world’s largest port cities estimated that, by the 2070s, the population exposed to flooding risk may grow by more than a factor of three in these cities due to the combined effects of sea level rise, land subsidence, population growth and urbanization, with asset exposure increasing to more than ten times current levels. Therefore, understanding future sea level rise and variability is of utmost importance. In June 2015 we are holding a workshop in Majorca, Spain with a focus on sea level variability and change (see https://slrmallorca.wordpress.com for more details). Over 100 sea level experts from around the world will attend this workshop, from a range of different disciplines. We would like to propose a Research Topic, based on the papers presented at this workshop. The main aims of the workshop are to: 1.) Evaluate the current state-of-knowledge of sea level science; 2.) Identify gaps and unresolved questions in any aspect of sea level science; and 3.) Design future research to address these issue. The workshop will provide a forum for the discussion and the exchange of ideas on key sea level issues, and foster collaboration across the wide range of disciplines involved in sea level research. All aspects of sea level changes will be covered, from global to regional, observations and modelling, processes driving mean sea level changes and extremes, from the geological scale to the instrumental era and future projections and including impacts on the coastal zones.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (174 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889451500
    URL: http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/3896/sea-level-variability-and-change
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    Petroleum Microbial Biotechnology : Challenges and Prospects (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): hydrocarbon ; Oil reservoir ; corrosion ; Enhanced Oil Recovery ; methanogenesis ; biosurfactants ; Biodesulfurization ; Energy ; petroleum biotechnology ; Biodegradation
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Petroleum hydrocarbons are both a product of, and rich substrate for, microorganisms from across all Domains of life. Rooted deeply in the history of microbiology, hydrocarbons have been studied as sources of carbon and energy for microorganisms for over a century. As global demand for petroleum and its refined products continues to rise, so do challenges associated with environmental pollution, oil well souring, infrastructure corrosion, oil recovery, transport, refining, and upgrading of heavy crude oils and bitumens. Advances in genomics, synthetic biology and metabolic engineering has invigorated interest in petroleum microbial biotechnology as interest grows in technologies for in situ methane production, biodesulfurization and biodenitrogenation, bio-upgrading of heavy crudes, microbial enhanced oil recovery, corrosion control, and biocatalysts for generating value-added products. Given the complexity of the global petroleum industry and the harsh conditions in which it operates, a deeper understanding of the ecophysiology of aerobic and anaerobic microbial communities that have associations with petroleum hydrocarbons is needed if robust technologies are to be deployed successfully. This research topic highlights recent advances in microbial enhanced oil recovery, methanogenic hydrocarbon metabolism and carbon dioxide sequestration, bioremediation, microbiologically influenced corrosion, biodesulfurization, and the application of metagenomics to better understand microbial communities associated with petroleum hydrocarbons.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (234 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889452569
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-256-9
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    Studying Tree Responses to Extreme Events (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Extreme climate events ; Tree response ; wood functional traits ; Ecophysiology ; Genetic plasticity ; Manipulation experiments ; mechanistic modeling ; forest management
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Trees are among the longest-living organisms. They are sensitive to extreme climatic events and document the effects of environmental changes in form of structural modifications of their tissues. These modifications represent an integrated signal of complex biological responses enforced by the environment. For example, temporal change in stem increment integrates multiple information of tree performance, and wood anatomical traits may be altered by climatic extremes or environmental stress. Recent developments in preparative tools and computational image analysis enable to quantify changes in wood anatomical features, like vessel density or vessel size. Thus, impacts on their functioning can be related to climatic forcing factors. Similarly, new developments in monitoring (cambial) phenology and mechanistic modelling are enlightening the interrelationships between environmental factors, wood formation and tree performance and mortality. Quantitative wood anatomy is a reliable indicator of drought occurrence during the growing season, and therefore has been studied intensively in recent years. The variability in wood anatomy not only alters the biological and hydraulic functioning of a tree, but may also influence the technological properties of wood, with substantial impacts in forestry. On a larger scale, alterations of sapwood and phloem area and their ratios to other functional traits provide measures to detect changes in a tree’s life functions, and increasing risk of drought-induced mortality with possible impacts on hydrological processes and species composition of plant communities. Genetic variability within and across populations is assumed to be crucial for species survival in an unpredictable future world. The magnitude of genetic variation and heritability of adaptive traits might define the ability to adapt to climate change. Is there a relation between genetic variability and resilience to climate change? Is it possible to link genetic expression and climate change to obtain deeper knowledge of functional genetics? To derive precise estimates of genetic determinism it is important to define adaptive traits in wood properties and on a whole-tree scale. Understanding the mechanisms ruling these processes is fundamental to assess the impact of extreme climate events on forest ecosystems, and to provide realistic scenarios of tree responses to changing climates. Wood is also a major carbon sink with a long-term residence, impacting the global carbon cycle. How well do we understand the link between wood growth dynamics, wood carbon allocation and the global carbon cycle? Papers contribution to this Research Topic will cover a wide range of ecosystems. However, special relevance will be given to Mediterranean-type areas. These involve coastal regions of four continents, making Mediterranean-type ecosystems extremely interesting for investigating the potential impacts of global change on growth and for studying responses of woody plants under extreme environmental conditions. For example, the ongoing trend towards warmer temperatures and reduced precipitation can increase the susceptibility to fire and pests. The EU-funded COST Action STREeSS (Studying Tree Responses to extreme Events: a SynthesiS) addresses such crucial tree biological and forest ecological issues by providing a collection of important methodological and scientific insights, about the current state of knowledge, and by opinions for future research needs.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (466 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889451920
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-192-0
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
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    Evaluation of Building Resilience under Earthquake Input Using Single, Double and Multiple Impulses (2017)
    Lausanne : Frontiers
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquake Response ; resilience ; Building ; base isolation ; structural control ; impulse ; Earthquake ground motion ; energy balance ; robustness ; Seismic resistance
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This eBook is the third in a series of books on the critical earthquake response of elastic or elastic-plastic structures under near-fault or long-duration ground motions, and includes four original research papers which were published in the specialty section Earthquake Engineering in ‘Frontiers in Built Environment’. Several extensions of the first eBook and the second eBook are included here. The first article is on the earthquake resilience of residential houses after repeated ground motions with high intensity. The 2016 Kumamoto earthquake brought a significant impact on the earthquake resilience of residential houses under repeated ground motions with high intensity in a few days. The necessary strength upgrade withstanding two repeated high-intensity ground motions was found to be 1.5. The second article is concerned with the smart enhancement of earthquake resilience of building structures under both near-fault and long-duration ground motions. A hybrid system of base-isolation and building connection control was proposed and its earthquake resilience to near-fault and long-duration ground motions was evaluated by a double impulse and a multiple impulse. It was demonstrated that the base-isolation is effective for near-fault ground motions and the building connection system using passive dampers is effective for long-duration ground motions. The third article is related to the robustness evaluation of elastic-plastic base-isolated high-rise buildings under resonant near-fault ground motions. The robustness function was introduced to evaluate quantitatively the robustness of elastic-plastic base-isolated high-rise buildings. The fourth article is an extension of the previously proposed energy balance approach to a bilinear elastic-plastic single-degree-of-freedom system under a long-duration sinusoidal ground motion. A historical difficulty in nonlinear vibration posed by Caughey (1960) and Iwan (1961) has been overcome in a smart manner after half a century. The approach presented in this eBook, together with the previous eBooks, is an epoch-making accomplishment to open the door for simpler and deeper understanding of structural reliability and resilience of built environments in the elastic-plastic and nonlinear range.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (61 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889452705
    URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-270-5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
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    Who poisoned Family Mole? A forensic story about isotopes (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: On a beautiful summer day Emma and Steven want to have fun at their favourite lake. However, a mysterious situation thwarts their plans. This leads the two friends on an unexpected quest ... Join Emma and Steven as they explore the vast, intriguing and efficient world of stable isotopes: What are isotopes? How do isotopes work? And last but not least, how can isotopes help Emma and Steven to finally answer the question: Who poisoned Family Mole?
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 12
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    10 Years Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System: Experiences, Lessons Learned and Outlook (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: The German-Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS) has been established after the devastating Tsunami in the Indian Ocean on December 26, 2004. It became an integral part of the Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (InaTEWS) providing sensor networks and core computational components. GITEWS follows an “end-to-end” approach to cover the complete warning chain from rapid hazard detection over decision support to capacity development of communities at risk and the implementation of disaster reduction measures. PROTECTS (Project for Training, Education and Consulting for Tsunami Early Warning Systems) followed GITEWS with its main focus on system refinements, capacity building, and elaborated training measures that covered all aspects of the GITEWS Project. This paper discusses the specific challenges of Tsunami Early Warning in Indonesia, describes recent developments in instrumentation and data analysis and summarizes the system performance over the past 5 years.
    Beschreibung: Preface 5Abstract 101. Introduction 102. Instrumentation 132.1 Seismic System 142.2 The GPS-System 182.3 Oceanographic Instruments 203. The Modelling-System 223.1 Source Modelling 233.2 TsunAWI Modelling System 243.3 Mesh Generation 263.4 Simulation System (SIM) 283.5 “On-the-fly”-System easyWave 324. Tsunami Early Warning Decision Support 334.1 The InaTEWS DSS 334.2 Experiences and Enhancements 374.3 Testing and Training Environment 385. System Performance 396. Tsunami Risk Assessment – Linking National Level Early Warning with Local Level Disaster Risk Reduction 436.1 The Approach: From Science to Practical Implementation 436.2 Multi-Scenario Tsunami Hazard Assessment 456.3 High Resolution Tsunami Inundation Modelling for Hazard Assessment 476.4 Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment 486.5 Tsunami Risk Assessment 486.6 Experiences and Enhancements 497. Tsunami Preparedness at Community Level - Experiences from 7 Years of Capacity Development in Indonesia 507.1 The Setting 517.2 Our Experiences 517.3 Project Documentation: TsunamiKit 588. Conclusions 58Acknowledgements 60References 61
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 13
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    The Mass Spectrometer for stable Metal Isotopes [Film] (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Length: 1 min
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: video/mp4
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  • 14
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    ICDP Primer - Planning, Managing, and Executing Continental Scientific Drilling Projects (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: This brochure is designed for scientists and engineers of upcoming drilling projects and explains the key steps and important challenges in planning and executing continental scientific drilling.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 15
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    Making Soil from Rock [Film] (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Length: 0.5 min
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: video/mp4
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  • 16
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    Land seismic data of the ALPHA amphibious controlled source experiment - Report (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR - Data | GIPP Experiment and Data Archive
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Raw-, SEG-Y and other supplementary data of the landside deployment from the amphibious wide-angle seismic experiment ALPHA are presented. The aim of this project was to reveal the crustal and lithospheric structure of the subducting Adriatic plate and the external accretionary wedge in the southern Dinarides. Airgun shots from the RV Meteor were recorded along two profiles across Montenegro and northern Albania.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 17
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    What are Isotopes? [Film] (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Length: 1 min
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: video/mp4
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  • 18
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    Metal Isotope Fractionation [Film] (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Length: 1 min
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: video/mp4
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  • 19
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    Geochemical Treasure Hunt [Film] (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: The movie features the workshop for primary school children "Geochemical Treasure Hunt". Length: 6:37 min
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: video/mp4
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  • 20
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    AHEPA and Volvi ambient seismic noise experiments - Report (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR - Data | GIPP Experiment and Data Archive
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: A temporary seismic array of short-period seismometers was installed in the 8-story AHEPA hospital, located in the city of Thessaloniki, N. Greece. The scope of the survey was to assess the dynamic characteristics of the RC-building by processing ambient vibration recordings of more than 40 seismic stations installed at different positions in the building. Part of the instruments was used in a soil experiment, outside of the hospital, to study possible Soil Structure Interaction phenomena. In addition to above experiments, a site-specific survey was performed in the Volvi basin, 30km ENE of the city of Thessaloniki. The scope of this experiment was to investigate the soil properties and the geometry of the subsurface geology.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 21
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    Broadband Recordings for LITHOS-CAPP: LITHOspheric Structure of Caledonian, Archaean and Proterozoic Provinces, Sep. 2014 - Oct. 2016, Sweden and Finland (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR - Data | GIPP Experiment and Data Archive
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: LITHOS-CAPP is the German contribution to the international ScanArray experiment. ScanArray is an array of broadband seismometers with which we aim to study the lithosphere and upper mantle beneath the Scandinavian Mountains and the Baltic Shield. LITHOS-CAPP contributed 20 broadband recording stations from September 2014 to October 2016, 10 in Sweden and 10 in Finland, continuously recordings at 100 samples per second. The stations were deployed by the KIT Geophysical Institute and GFZ section 2.4 (seismology). They form part of the temporary network ScanArrayCore (FDSN network code 1G 2012-2017)
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 22
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    The data sets of the earthquake model for the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment of Germany, version 2016 - Report on supplementary material for the respective publication (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR - Data
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: The Scientific Technical Report describes supplementary material to the publication by Grünthal et al. (2018) on the earthquake model for the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) of Germany, version 2016. In particular, it contains detailed information, additional figures, tables and electronic data concerning seismicity, seismic source zone models, maximum magnitudes, seismicity rates of the seismic source zones, model data related to distributions of focal depth and tectonic regime parameters. It also supplies seismic hazard maps for Germany with a broad range of parametrizations.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 23
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    ICLEA Final Symposium 2017 : Climate Change, Human Impact and Landscape Evolution in the Southern Baltic Lowlands ; Abstract Volume & Excursion Guide (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 24
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    Argolis, Greece, Site Effect Study for the HERACLES Project (Nov. 2012 – Jun. 2013) - Report (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR - Data | GIPP Experiment and Data Archive
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Engineering seismological models (incl. ground amplification and topographic effects) of key structures in Tiryns and Midea, Greece, will be used to test the hypothesis of seismogenic causes of the decline of the Mycenaean settlements in the 12th century BC.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 25
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    GEOFON Annual Report 2016 (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-08-10
    Beschreibung: The GEOFON program consists of a global seismic network (GE Network), a seismological data centre (GEOFON DC) and a global earthquake monitoring system (GEOFON EQinfo). These three pillars are part of the MESI research infrastructure of the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences aiming at facilitating scientific research. GEOFON provides real-time seismic data, access to its own and third party data from the archive facilities as well as global and rapid earthquake information. The GEOFON Seismological Software can be considered a fourth cross-cutting module of the GEOFON Program. Data, services, products and software openly distributed by GEOFON are used by hundreds of scientists and data centres worldwide. Its earthquake information service is accessed directly by tens of thousands of visitors. The SeisComP software package is the flagship software provided to the community, which is geared for seismic observatory and data centre needs and used extensively to support our internal operations. Like all other MESI (Modular Earth Science Infrastructure) modules GEOFON has the majority of users outside the GFZ as well as an external advisory committee that provides advice to the GFZ Executive Board and to the GEOFON team. This report describes the main activities carried out within the three GEOFON pillars and the software development group.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 26
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    Manual of the Tecplot 360 Add-on GeoStress (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  WSM Technical Report
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-04
    Beschreibung: Hyperspectral airborne campaigns have been carried out in the frame of the data exploitation and application development program of the German Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) to support method and application development in the prelaunch phase of the EnMAP satellite mission. A metadata portal (EnMAP Campaign Portal) has been set up providing general information about the campaigns, recorded airborne hyperspectral data sets, other data associated to the respective campaigns like field and laboratory measurements and a number of field guides for in-situ data acquisition. Furthermore, it informs about the availability of simulated EnMAP and Sentinel-2 data for the respective campaign region. The data listed in the EnMAP Campaign Portal is freely available under a Creative Commons License as DOI-referenced data publications.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 27
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    Proceedings of the DENDROSYMPOSIUM 2016 : May 11th - 15th, 2016 in Białowieża, Poland (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-04-08
    Beschreibung: This publication is a result of the 15th TRACE conference „Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatologyand Ecology” organized by the University of Silesia, Silesian Botanical Garden, University ofWrocław, Forest Research Institute and Białowieża National Park. The conference was held onMay 11th – 15th, 2016 in Białowieża, Poland, in the heart of the Białowieża Forest, the last naturalforest in the European Lowlands, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and Biosphere Reserve. University Pablo de Olavide (UPO) and the Association for Tree-ring Research (ATR), in collaboration with Pyrenean Institute of Ecology-Spanish National Research Council (IPE-CSIC), University of Barcelona (UB), Forest and Wood Technology Research Centre (CETEMAS) and University of Valladolid (UVa). The TRACE 2015 conference was held on May 20-23, 2015 for the first time in the Iberian Peninsula, in Sevilla, Spain.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 28
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    The Earth’s Surface and the Isotope Merry-Go-Round of the Chemical Elements [Film] (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Length: 15 min
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: video/mp4
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  • 29
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    Manual of the Matlab Script Stress2Grid (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  WSM Technical Report
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-04-10
    Beschreibung: Hyperspectral airborne campaigns have been carried out in the frame of the data exploitation and application development program of the German Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) to support method and application development in the prelaunch phase of the EnMAP satellite mission. A metadata portal (EnMAP Campaign Portal) has been set up providing general information about the campaigns, recorded airborne hyperspectral data sets, other data associated to the respective campaigns like field and laboratory measurements and a number of field guides for in-situ data acquisition. Furthermore, it informs about the availability of simulated EnMAP and Sentinel-2 data for the respective campaign region. The data listed in the EnMAP Campaign Portal is freely available under a Creative Commons License as DOI-referenced data publications.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 30
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    Data-driven earthquake focal mechanism cluster analysis (2017)
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Earthquake focal mechanism solutions (FMS) form the basic data input for many applications, e.g. stress tensor inversion or ground-motion prediction equation estimation. In these applications the FMS data is usually binned spatially or in predetermined ranges of rake and dip based on expert elicitation. However, due to the significant increase of FMS data in the past decade an objective data-driven cluster analysis is now possible. Here we present the method ACE (Angular Classification with Expectation-Maximization) that identities clusters of FMS without a priori information. The identified clusters can be used for the classification of the Style-of- Faulting and as weights for FMS data binning in the aforementioned applications. As an application example we use ACE to identify FMS clusters according to their Style-of- Faulting that are related to certain earthquake types (e.g. subduction interface) in northern Chile, the Nazca Plate and in Kyushu (Japan). We use the resulting clusters and weights as a priori information for a stress tensor inversion for these regions and show that uncertainties of the stress tensor estimates are reduced significantly.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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