ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: Table of Contents: U-Pb and Rb-Sr age determinations on Caledonian plutonic rocks in the central part of the Scoresby Sund region, East Greenland / B. T. Hansen, R. H. Steiger & N. Henriksen. - Archaean U-Pb zircon ages form the Soresby Sund region, East Greenland / K. Higgins & B. Borchardt. - Isotopic age dating in Liverpool Land, East Greenland / B. T. Hansen & J. D. Friderichsen. - Rb-Sr and K-AR Caledonian ages from the Upper Eleonore Bay Group and Cambrian metasediments of the East Greenland Caledonian fold belt / M. G. Bonhomme & R. Caby

Description / Table of Contents: When Van't Hoff calculated the effect of solution composition on the gypsum-anhydrite transition a century ago, he solved a significant geochemical problem (Hardie, 1967). Other well known examples of the early use of chemical thermodynamics in geology are Bowen's calculations of the plagioclase melting loop and the diopside-anorthite eutectic (Bowen, 1913, 1928). Except for a few specialists, however, these techniques were largely ignored by earth scientists during the first half of the 20th century. The situation changed dramatically by the 1950's when more and better thermodynamic data on geologic materials became available, and when thermodynamic arguments of increasing sophistication began to permeate the petrologic and geochemical literature. This rejuvenation was spearheaded by D.S. Korzhinskii, H. Ramberg, J.B. Thompson, J. Verhoogen and others. Today a graduating petrologist or geochemist can be expected to have a thorough grounding in geological thermodynamics. Rapid intellectual growth in a field brings with it the difficulty of keeping abreast of parallel and diverging specialties. In order to alleviate this problem, we asked a group of active researchers to contribute up-to-date summaries relating to their specialties in the thermodynamic modeling of geological materials, in particular minerals, fluids and melts. Whereas each of these topics could fill a book, by covering the whole range we hope to emphasize similarities as much as differences in the treatment of various materials. For instance, there are useful parallels to be noted between Margules parameters and Pitzer coefficients. The emphasis here is on modeling, after the required data have been collected, and the approach ranges form theoretical to empirical. We deliberately imposed few restrictions on the authors. Some chose to interpret modeling in the rigorous thermodynamic sense, while others approached their topics from more general geochemical viewpoints. We hope that any lack of unity and balance is compensated for by a collection of lively and idiosyncratic essays in which students and professionals will find new ideas and helpful hints. If the selection appears tilted towards fluids, it is because other recent summaries have emphasized minerals and melts. The editors and authors of this volume presented a short course, entitled "Thermodynamic Modeling of Geological Materials: Minerals, Fluids amd Melts," October 22-25, 1987, at the Wickenburg Inn near Phoenix, Arizona.

Description / Table of Contents: Papers originally presented at the Workshop on Numerical Modelling of Marine Systems, held at the University of Adelaide, Feb. 5-7, 1986

Description / Table of Contents: Andrew C. Scott: Coal and coal-bearing strata: recent advances and future prospects / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:1-6, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.01 --- P. D. Moore: Ecological and hydrological aspects of peat formation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:7-15, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.02 --- R. S. Clymo: Rainwater-fed peat as a precursor of coal / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:17-23, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.03 --- A. M. Ziegler, A. L. Raymond, T. C. Gierlowski, M. A. Horrell, D. B. Rowley, and A. L. Lottes: Coal, climate and terrestrial productivity: the present and early Cretaceous compared / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:25-49, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.04 --- Peter J. McCabe: Facies studies of coal and coal-bearing strata / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:51-66, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.05 --- Margaret E. Collinson and Andrew C. Scott: Implications of vegetational change through the geological record on models for coal-forming environments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:67-85, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.06 --- D. J. Casagrande: Sulphur in peat and coal / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:87-105, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.07 --- Arthur D. Cohen, William Spackman, and Robert Raymond, Jr: Interpreting the characteristics of coal seams from chemical, physical and petrographic studies of peat deposits / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:107-125, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.08 --- Marlies Teichmüller: Recent advances in coalification studies and their application to geology / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:127-169, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.09 --- D. A. Spears: Mineral matter in coals, with special reference to the Pennine Coalfields / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:171-185, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.10 --- K. M. Bartram: Lycopod succession in coals: an example from the Low Barnsley Seam (Westphalian B), Yorkshire, England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:187-199, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.11 --- I. M. Fulton: Genesis of the Warwickshire Thick Coal: a group of long-residence histosols / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:201-218, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.12 --- D. K. Hobday: Gondwana coal basins of Australia and South Africa: tectonic setting, depositional systems and resources / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:219-233, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.13 --- D. H. Land and C. M. Jones: Coal geology and exploration of part of the Tertiary Kutei Basin in East Kalimantan, Indonesia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:235-255, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.14 --- D. G. Murchison: Recent advances in organic petrology and organic geochemistry: an overview with some reference to ‘oil from coal’ / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:257-302, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.15 --- Ganjavar Khavari Khorasani: Oil-prone coals of the Walloon Coal Measures, Surat Basin, Australia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 32:303-310, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.032.01.16

Description / Table of Contents: Mervyn E. Jones and R. M. F. Preston: Introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:1-8, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.01 --- Part I: Theory and Experimental --- G. Owen: Deformation processes in unconsolidated sands / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:11-24, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.02 --- J. P. Gratier: Pressure solution-deposition creep and associated tectonic differentiation in sedimentary rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:25-38, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.03 --- G. Mandl and R. M. Harkness: Hydrocarbon migration by hydraulic fracturing / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:39-53, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.04 --- C. R. I. Clayton and M. C. Matthews: Deformation, diagenesis and the mechanical behaviour of chalk / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:55-62, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.05 --- R. J. Allison: Non-destructive determination of Young’s modulus and its relationship with compressive strength, porosity and density / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:63-69, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.06 --- Alex J. Maltman: A laboratory technique for investigating the deformation microstructures of water-rich sediments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:71-76, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.07 --- Alex. J. Maltman: Shear zones in argillaceous sediments—an experimental study / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:77-87, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.08 --- Part II: Processes --- John R. Underhill and Nigel H. Woodcock: Faulting mechanisms in high-porosity sandstones; New Red Sandstone, Arran, Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:91-105, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.09 --- Jean-Pierre Petit and Edgard Laville: Morphology and microstructures of hydroplastic slickensides in sandstone / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:107-121, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.10 --- Michel Guiraud and Michel Séguret: Soft-sediment microfaulting related to compaction within the fluviodeltaic infill of the Soria strike-slip basin (northern Spain) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:123-136, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.11 --- Michael Leeder: Sediment deformation structures and the palaeotectonic analysis of sedimentary basins, with a case-study from the Carboniferous of northern England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:137-144, NP, 145-146, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.12 --- Pierre Labaume: Syn-diagenetic deformation of a turbiditic succession related to submarine gravity nappe emplacement, Autapie Nappe, French Alps / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:147-163, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.13 --- S.A. Schack Pedersen: Comparative studies of gravity tectonics in Quaternary sediments and sedimentary rocks related to fold belts / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:165-179, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.14 --- S. G. Farrell and S. Eaton: Slump strain in the Tertiary of Cyprus and the Spanish Pyrenees. Definition of palaeoslopes and models of soft-sediment deformation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:181-196, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.15 --- P. M. Clifford, M. C. Rice, L. L. Pryer, and F. Fueten: Mass transfer in unmetamorphosed carbonates and during low-grade metamorphism of arenites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:197-209, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.16 --- Part III: Descriptive --- K. T. Pickering: Wet-sediment deformation in the Upper Ordovician Point Leamington Formation: an active thrust-imbricate system during sedimentation, Notre Dame Bay, north-central Newfoundland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:213-218,NP,219-232,NP,234-239, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.17 --- Krzysztof Brodzikowski, Roman Gotowała, Ludwik Kasza, and Antonius J. Van Loon: The Kleszczów Graben (central Poland): reconstruction of the deformational history and inventory of the resulting soft-sediment deformational structures / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:241-254, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.18 --- K. Brodzikowski, R. Gotowała, A. Hałuszczak, D. Krzyszkowski, and A. J. Van Loon: Soft-sediment deformations from glaciodeltaic, glaciolacustrine and fluviolacustrine sediments in the Kleszczów Graben (central Poland) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:255-267, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.19 --- Krzysztof Brodzikowski, Dariusz Krzyszkowski, and Antonius J. Van Loon: Endogenic processes as a cause of penecontemporaneous soft-sediment deformations in the fluviolacustrine Czyżów Series (Kleszczów Graben, central Poland) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:269-278, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.20 --- Krzysztof Brodzikowski and Andrzej Hałuszczak: Flame structures and associated deformations in Quaternary glaciolacustrine and glaciodeltaic deposits: examples from central Poland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:279-286, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.21 --- Krzysztof Brodzikowski, Andrzej Hałuszczak, Dariusz Krzyszkowski, and Antonius J. Van Loon: Genesis and diagnostic value of large-scale gravity-induced penecontemporaneous deformation horizons in Quaternary sediments of the Kleszczów Graben (central Poland) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:287-298, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.22 --- Colin A. Davenport and Philip S. Ringrose: Deformation of Scottish Quaternary sediment sequences by strong earthquake motions / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:299-314, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.23 --- J. Alexander: Syn-sedimentary and burial related deformation in the Middle Jurassic non-marine formations of the Yorkshire Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:315-324, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.24 --- Bill Fitches: Aspects of veining in the Welsh Lower Palaeozoic Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 29:325-342, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.029.01.25

Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- K. W. Glennie: Desert sediments: ancient and modern / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:1-4, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.01: Fluvial Sediments: Process and Form --- A. P. Schick, J. Lekach, and M. A. Hassan: Vertical exchange of coarse bedload in desert streams / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:7-16, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.02 --- S. Grossman and R. Gerson: Fluviatile deposits and morphology of alluvial surfaces as indicators of Quaternary environmental changes in the southern Negev, Israel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:17-29, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.03 --- J. K. Maizels: Plio-Pleistocene raised channel systems of the western Sharqiya (Wahiba), Oman / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:31-50, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.04 --- Tectonism, Climatic Change and Fluviatile Desert Sediments --- L. E. Frostick and I. Reid: Tectonic control of desert sediments in rift basins ancient and modern / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:53-68, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.05 --- H. Olsen: Ancient ephemeral stream deposits: a local terminal fan model from the Bunter Sandstone Formation (L. Triassic) in the Tønder-3, -4 and -5 wells, Denmark / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:69-86, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.06 --- A. M. Harvey: Alluvial fan dissection: relationships between morphology and sedimentation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:87-103, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.07 --- M. A. J. Williams, P. I. Abell, and B. W. Sparks: Quaternary landforms, sediments, depositional environments and gastropod isotope ratios at Adrar Bous, Tenere Desert of Niger, south-central Sahara / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:105-125, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.08 --- Aeolian Sediments: Dust Dynamics and Deposits --- W. B. Whalley, B. J. Smith, J. J. McAlister, and A. J. Edwards: Aeolian abrasion of quartz particles and the production of silt-size fragments: preliminary results / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:129-138, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.09 --- K. Pye and H. Tsoar: The mechanics and geological implications of dust transport and deposition in deserts with particular reference to loess formation and dune sand diagenesis in the northern Negev, Israel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:139-156, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.10 --- R. Gerson and R. Amit: Rates and modes of dust accretion and deposition in an arid region—the Negev, Israel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:157-169, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.11 --- H. Vine: Wind-blown materials and W African soils: an explanation of the ‘ferrallitic soil over loose sandy sediments’ profile / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:171-183, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.12 --- Dune Dynamics and Deposits --- A. Gunatilaka and S. Mwango: Continental sabkha pans and associated nebkhas in southern Kuwait, Arabian Gulf / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:187-203, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.13 --- A. Warren and S. Kay: Dune networks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:205-212, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.14 --- L. B. Clemmensen: Complex star dunes and associated aeolian bedforms, Hopeman Sandstone (Permo-Triassic), Moray Firth Basin, Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:213-231, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.15 --- B. P. J. Williams, E. K. Wild, and R. J. Suttill: Late Palaeozoic cold-climate aeolianites, southern Cooper Basin, South Australia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:233-249, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.16 --- R. A. Carruthers: Aeolian sedimentation from the Galtymore Formation (Devonian), Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:251-268, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.17 --- Grain Size, Process and Dune Environment --- E. C. Flenley, N. R. J. Fieller, and D. D. Gilbertson: The statistical analysis of ‘mixed’ grain size distributions from aeolian sands in the Libyan Pre-Desert using log skew Laplace models / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:271-280, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.18 --- I. Livingstone: Grain-size variation on a ‘complex’ linear dune in the Namib Desert / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:281-291, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.19 --- D. S. G. Thomas: Discrimination of depositional environments using sedimentary characteristics in the Mega Kalahari, central southern Africa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:293-306, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.20 --- Chemical Sediments --- D. A. Hendry: Silica and calcium carbonate replacement of plant roots in tropical dune sands, SE India / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:309-319, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.21 --- C. R. Roberts and C. W. Mitchell: Spring mounds in southern Tunisia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:321-334, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.22 --- Remote Sensing of Desert Sediments --- C. S. Breed, J. F. McCauley, and P. A. Davis: Sand sheets of the eastern Sahara and ripple blankets on Mars / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:337-359, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.23 --- M. M. Ashour: Surficial deposits of Qatar Peninsula / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:361-367, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.24 --- A. C. Millington, A. R. Jones, N. Quarmby, and J. R. G. Townshend: Remote sensing of sediment transfer processes in playa basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 35:369-381, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.035.01.25

Description / Table of Contents: J. G. Fitton and B. G. J. Upton: Introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:ix-xiv, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.01 --- D. K. Bailey: Mantle metasomatism—perspective and prospect / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:1-13, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.02 --- Martin Menzies: Alkaline rocks and their inclusions: a window on the Earth’s interior / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:15-27, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.03 --- A. D. Edgar: The genesis of alkaline magmas with emphasis on their source regions: inferences from experimental studies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:29-52, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.04 --- M. J. Le Bas: Nephelinites and carbonatites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:53-83, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.05 --- James D. Twyman and John Gittins: Alkalic carbonatite magmas: parental or derivative? / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:85-94, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.06 --- J. B. Dawson: The kimberlite clan: relationship with olivine and leucite lamproites, and inferences for upper-mantle metasomatism / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:95-101, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.07 --- Steven C. Bergman: Lamproites and other potassium-rich igneous rocks: a review of their occurrence, mineralogy and geochemistry / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:103-190, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.08 --- Nicholas M.S. Rock: The nature and origin of lamprophyres: an overview / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:191-226, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.09 --- David A. Clague: Hawaiian alkaline volcanism / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:227-252, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.10 --- Barry L. Weaver, David A. Wood, John Tarney, and Jean Louis Joron: Geochemistry of ocean island basalts from the South Atlantic: Ascension, Bouvet, St. Helena, Gough and Tristan da Cunha / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:253-267, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.11 --- Chris Harris and Simon M.F. Sheppard: Magma and fluid evolution in the lavas and associated granite xenoliths of Ascension Island / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:269-272, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.12 --- J. G. Fitton: The Cameroon line, West Africa: a comparison between oceanic and continental alkaline volcanism / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:273-291, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.13 --- B.H. Baker: Outline of the petrology of the Kenya rift alkaline province / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:293-311, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.14 --- R. Macdonald: Quaternary peralkaline silicic rocks and caldera volcanoes of Kenya / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:313-333, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.15 --- A. R. Woolley and G. C. Jones: The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:335-355, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.16 --- P. Bowden, R. Black, R. F. Martin, E. C. Ike, J. A. Kinnaird, and R. A. Batchelor: Niger-Nigerian alkaline ring complexes: a classic example of African Phanerozoic anorogenic mid-plate magmatism / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:357-379, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.17 --- J. P. Liégeois and R. Black: Alkaline magmatism subsequent to collision in the Pan-African belt of the Adrar des Iforas (Mali) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:381-401, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.18 --- C. J. N. Fletcher and B. Beddoe-Stephens: The petrology, chemistry and crystallization history of the Velasco alkaline province, eastern Bolivia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:403-413, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.19 --- Daniel S. Barker: Tertiary alkaline magmatism in Trans-Pecos Texas / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:415-431, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.20 --- G. Nelson Eby: The Monteregian Hills and White Mountain alkaline igneous provinces, eastern North America / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:433-447, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.21 --- B.G.J. Upton and C.H. Emeleus: Mid-Proterozoic alkaline magmatism in southern Greenland: the Gardar province / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:449-471, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.22 --- Lotte Melchior Larsen and Henning Sørensen: The Ilímaussaq intrusion—progressive crystallization and formation of layering in an agpaitic magma / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:473-488, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.23 --- T. F. D. Nielsen: Tertiary alkaline magmatism in East Greenland: a review / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:489-515, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.24 --- Hilary Downes: Tertiary and Quaternary volcanism in the Massif Central, France / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:517-530, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.25 --- L. N. Kogarko: Alkaline rocks of the eastern part of the Baltic Shield (Kola Peninsula) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30:531-544, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.26

Description / Table of Contents: A. J. Fleet and J. Brooks: Introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:1-14, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.01 --- Part I: Concepts and Methods --- J. Brooks, C. Cornford, and R. Archer: The role of hydrocarbon source rocks in petroleum exploration / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:17-46, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.02 --- R. V. Tyson: The genesis and palynofacies characteristics of marine petroleum source rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:47-67, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.03 --- I. St. J. Fisher and J. D. Hudson: Pyrite formation in Jurassic shales of contrasting biofacies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:69-78, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.04 --- S. C. Brassell, G. Eglinton, and V. J. Howell: Palaeoenvironmental assessment of marine organic-rich sediments using molecular organic geochemistry / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:79-98, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.05 --- P. A. Comet and G. Eglinton: The use of lipids as facies indicators / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:99-117, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.06 --- Part II: Depositional Processes and Environments --- E. T. Degens and V. Ittekkot: The carbon cycle—tracking the path of organic particles from sea to sediment / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:121-135, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.07 --- S. E. Calvert: Oceanographic controls on the accumulation of organic matter in marine sediments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:137-151, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.08 --- R. J. Morris: The formation of organic-rich deposits in two deep-water marine environments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:153-166, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.09 --- R. Pelet: A model of organic sedimentation on present-day continental margins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:167-180, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.10 --- E. Suess, L. D. Kulm, and J. S. Killingley: Coastal upwelling and a history of organic-rich mudstone deposition off Peru / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:181-197, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.11 --- J. T. Parrish: Palaeo-upwelling and the distribution of organic-rich rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:199-205, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.12 --- J. Ferguson: The significance of carbonate ooids in petroleum source-rock studies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:207-215, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.13 --- B. R. T. Simoneit and O. E. Kawka: Hydrothermal petroleum from diatomites in the Gulf of California / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:217-228, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.14 --- Part III: The Stratigraphic Record --- A. Thickpenny and J. K. Leggett: Stratigraphic distribution and palaeo-oceanographic significance of European early Palaeozoic organic-rich sediments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:231-247, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.15 --- M. J. Gibbons: The depositional environment and petroleum geochemistry of the Marl Slate-Kupferschiefer / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:249, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.16 --- A. Hallam: Mesozoic marine organic-rich shales / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:251-261, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.17 --- R. Stoneley: A review of petroleum source rocks in parts of the Middle East / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:263-269, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.18 --- H. B. Zimmerman, A. Boersma, and F. W. McCoy: Carbonaceous sediments and palaeoenvironment of the Cretaceous South Atlantic Ocean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:271-286, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.19 --- D. A. V. Stow: South Atlantic organic-rich sediments: facies, processes and environments of deposition / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:287-299, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.20 --- C. P. Summerhayes: Organic-rich Cretaceous sediments from the North Atlantic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:301-316, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.21 --- P. C. de Graciansky, E. Brosse, G. Deroo, J.-P. Herbin, C. Müller, J. Sigal, A. Schaaf, and L. Montadert: Organic-rich sediments and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of the Cretaceous North Atlantic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:317-344, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.22 --- T. J. Bralower and H. R. Thierstein: Organic carbon and metal accumulation rates in Holocene and mid-Cretaceous sediments: palaeoceanographic significance / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:345-369, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.23 --- S. O. Schlanger, M. A. Arthur, H. C. Jenkyns, and P. A. Scholle: The Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event, I. Stratigraphy and distribution of organic carbon-rich beds and the marine δ13C excursion / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:371-399, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.24 --- M. A. Arthur, S. O. Schlanger, and H. C. Jenkyns: The Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event, II. Palaeoceanographic controls on organic-matter production and preservation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:401-420, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.25 --- B. M. Funnell: Anoxic non-events; alternative explanations / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:421-422, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.26 --- N. J. Shackleton: The carbon isotope record of the Cenozoic: history of organic carbon burial and of oxygen in the ocean and atmosphere / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 26:423-434, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.026.01.27

Description / Table of Contents: PREFACE The CERN Accelerator School (CAS) was founded in 1983 with the aim to preserve and disseminate the knowledge accumulated at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) and elsewhere on particle accelerators and storage rings. This is being achieved by means of a biennial programme of basic and advanced courses on general accelerator physics supplemented by specialized and topical courses as well as Workshops. The chapters included in this present volume are taken from one of the specialized courses, Applied Geodesy for Particle Accelerators, held at CERN in April 1986. When construction of the first large accelerators started in the 1950's, it was necessary to use geodetic techniques to ensure precise positioning of the machines' components. Since that time the means employed have constantly evolved in line with technological progress in general, while a number of specific developments - many of them achieved at CERN - have enriched the range of available instruments. These techniques and precision instruments are used for most of the world's accelerators but can also be applied in other areas of industrial geodesy: surveying of civil engineering works and structures, aeronautics, nautical engineering, astronomical radio-interferometers, metrology of large dimensions, studies of deformation, etc. The ever increasing dimensions of new accelerators dictates the use of the best geodetic methods in the search for the greatest precision, such as distance measurements to 10 -7, riqorous evaluation of the local geoid and millimetric exploitation of the Navstar satellites. At the same time, the powerful computer methods now available for solving difficult problems are also applicable at the instrument level where data collection can be automatically checked. Above all, measuring methods and calculations and their results can be integrated into data bases where the collection of technical parameters can be efficiently managed. In order to conserve the logical presentation of the different lectures presented at the CAS school, the chapters presented here have been grouped under four main topics. The first and the fourth deal with spatial and theoretical geodesy, while the second and third are concerned with the work of applied geodesy, especially that carried out at CERN. Readers involved in these subjects will find in the following chapters, if not the complete answer to their problems, at least the beginning of solutions to them.

Description / Table of Contents: Biolaminated deposits, produced by microbial communities, were studied in modern peritidal environments and in the rock record. The term microbial, mat refers to modern, the term stromatolite to ancient analogs. The term biolaminated deposits was used to encompass both microbial mats and stromatolites. Microbial mat environments studied are the Gavish Sabkha, the Solar Lake, both hypersaline back-barrier systems at the Gulf of Aqaba, Sinai Peninsula, and the "Farbstreifen-Sandwatt" (versicolored sandy tidal flats) on Mellum, an island in the estuary embayment of the southern North Sea coast. Three facies-relevant categories were distinguished: (i) the mat-forming microbiota, (2) environmental conditions controlling mat types and lithology, (3) bioturbation and grazing. Cyanobacteria account for biogenic sediment accretion in all cases studied. Three major groups occur: filamentous cyanobacteria, coccoid unicells with binary fission and those with multiple fission. In the presence of these groups the following mat types evolve: (i) continuously flat (stratiform) L~-laminae (occur in all environments studied); (2) translucent, vertically extended Lv-laminae (only Gavish Sabkha and Solar Lake); (3) nodular granules (only Gavish Sabkha). Basically, the development of mats is controlled by moisture. Thus high-lying parts where the groundwater table runs more than 40 cm below surface are bare of mats. These are: The circular slope and elevated center of the Gavish Sabkha, the shorelines of the Solar Lake and the episodically flooded upper supratidal zone of Mellum Island. The following situations of water supply were found to stimulate mat growth: (i) Capillary movement of groundwater to exposed surfaces, (2) shallowest calm water, both realized in the Gavish Sabkha and the Solar Lake. On Mellum Island, mats form in the lower supratidal zone, which is flooded in the spring tide cycle and wetted during low tide by capillary groundwater. Salinity is almost that of normal seawater, whereas in the Solar Lake, it ranges from 45 °/oo to 180 °/oo and in the Gavish Sabkha, it reaches more than 300 °/oo. Salinity increase is correlated with rising concentrations of magnesium and sulfate ions. In the Gavish Sabkha, episodic sheetfloods cause high-rate sedimentation which is accidental to the living mats. Episodic low-rate sedimentation stimulates the mats to grow through the freshly deposited sediment layer. This occurs predominantly on Mellum Island due to eolian transport. Within the Gavish Sabkha, mineralogy of sediments, community structures, standing crops, redox potentials and pH are highly correlative to the increasing evenness in moisture supply which is realized by the inclination of the system below mean sea level. These conditions bring about a lateral sequence of facies types which include (I) siliciclastic biolaminites at the coastal bar base, (2) nodular to biolaminoid carbonates at saline mud flats, (3) regularly stratified stromatolitic carbonates with ooids and oncoids within the hypersaline lagoon, (4) biolaminated sulfate towardthe elevated center. High-magnesium calcite in facies type 3 precipitates around decaying organic matter and forms also the ooids and oncoids. These occur predominantly within hydroplastic Lv-laminae which provide numerous nucleation centers. Within the Solar Lake, facies type 3 (stromatolitic carbonates with ooids and oncoids) is most important, and grows to extraordinary thickness at the lake's shelf. The regular alternation of dark and light laminae results from seasonally oscillating water depths. These conditions couple back over changing light and salinity intensities to changing dominance structures of mat-building communities. Increasing salinity correlates with decreasing water depth and accounts for the relative abundance of coccoid unicells and diatoms, both active producers of extracellular slimes (Lv-laminae). Water depths locally or temporarily increased favor surface colonization by Mic~ocoleu8 chthonoplastes (Lh-laminae). The biolaminated deposits of the versicolored tidal flats on Mellum Island are similar to facies type 1 of the Gavish Sabkha (siliciclastic biolaminites). Differences exist in the lithology: Sediments upon or through which the mats on Mellum Island grow are made up of clean sand. The grains originate predominantly from re-worked glacial sediments and are rounded to well rounded. By contrast, the strong angularity of siliciclastic grains in the Gavish Sabkha clearly shows their status as primary weathering products. In all environments studied, insects play a significant role. Mainly salt beetles contribute to the lebensspuren spectrum. There is no indication that burrowing and grazing beetles and dipterans are detrimental to the growing mat systems. According to the marine fauna, two distributional barriers exist: (i) physical and (2) biogeochemical factors. Physical barriers are (a) hypersalinity and barrier-closing, which restrict the marine fauna in the Gavish Sabkha and the Solar Lake to a few species, mainly meiofaunal elements such as ostracods and copepods. Only in the Gavish Sabkha, one marine gastropod species occurs which colonizes mud flats of lower salinity. A salinity barrier of about 70 °/oo separates the gastropod habitats from the zones of growing mats. Under reduced salinity, the snails are able to destroy the microbial mats completely. (b) Decreasing regularity of flooding in the microbial mat environment of Mellum Island excludes intertidal deformative burrowers such as cockles and lugworms. However, locally the mats are pierced by numerous dwelling traces. These stem from small polychaetes and amphipod crustaceans which are able to spread over the intertidal-supratidal boundary and settle up to the MHWS-Ievel. Biogeochemical barriers are oxygen depletion within the sediments, high ammonia and sulfide contents, which generate through bacterial break-down of organic matter. Within the highly productive mats of Mic~ocoleu8 chthonoplastes on Mellum Island, dwelling traces of marine polychaetes and amphipod crustaceans disappear due to these conditions. The name of the mat-forming species, Microcoleus chthonoplastes, indicates its capacity to form "soils" (Greek chthonos). While lithology is not altered, the presence of Mic~ocoleu8 mats leads to a habitat change which excludes trace-making "arenophile" invertebrate species and favors "chthonophile" species which do not leave traces. Stromatolitic microstructures studied in rock specimens were interpreted using modern analogs: Microcolumnar buildups in Precambrian stromatolites, ooids and oncoids were compared with those of modern microbial mats. The nodular to biolaminoid facies type found in the Gavish Sabkha was suggested to be an analog to the Plattendolomite facies of Permian Zechstein, North Poland. Studies of the Lower Jurassic ironstone of Lorraine clearly indicate that fungi have been involved in the formation of stromatolites, ooids and oncoids. In conclusion, the comparative study of microstructures in microbial mats and stromatolites reveals a better understanding in both fields. In many cases, it was geology which first revealed the similarity of recent forms to those ancient ones and consequently encouraged research into them.

Description / Table of Contents: Papers from an international Conference on Near-rings and Near-fields, held at the Mathematical Institute of the University of Tübingen, Aug. 4-10, 1985

Description / Table of Contents: The problems treated in this volume concern nonlinear partial differential equations occurring in the areas of fluid dynamics, free boundary problems, population dynamics and mathematical physics. Presented are new results and new methods for analysis in bifurcation, singular perturbation, variational methods, stability analysis, rearrangement, energy inequalities, etc

Description / Table of Contents: Based on a series of tutorial lectures given at the School on Combinatorial Optimization, held at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, July 8-19, 1985

Description / Table of Contents: Paul Hancock: Appreciation: A. M. Quennell—a prescient tectonician / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:x-xii, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.01 --- Fault Geometry and Associated Processes --- J. A. Jackson: Active normal faulting and crustal extension / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:3-17, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.02 --- A. Gibbs: Development of extension and mixed-mode sedimentary basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:19-33, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.03 --- N. J. Kusznir and R. G. Park: The extensional strength of the continental lithosphere: its dependence on geothermal gradient, and crustal composition and thickness / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:35-52, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.04 --- H. David Lynch and Paul Morgan: The tensile strength of the lithosphere and the localization of extension / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:53-65, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.05 --- C. E. Keen: Some important consequences of lithospheric extension / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:67-73, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.06 --- David Barr: Lithospheric stretching, detached normal faulting and footwall uplift / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:75-94, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.07 --- B. Vendeville, P. R. Cobbold, P. Davy, P. Choukroune, and J. P. Brun: Physical models of extensional tectonics at various scales / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:95-107, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.08 --- K. R. McClay and P. G. Ellis: Analogue models of extensional fault geometries / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:109-125, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.09 --- P. L. Hancock and T. G. Bevan: Brittle modes of foreland extension / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:127-137, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.10 --- M. R. Leeder and R. L. Gawthorpe: Sedimentary models for extensional tilt-block/half-graben basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:139-152, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.11 --- Extension in the Basin and Range Province and East Pacific Margin --- W. Hamilton: Crustal extension in the Basin and Range Province, southwestern United States / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:155-176, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.12 --- P. J. Coney: The regional tectonic setting and possible causes of Cenozoic extension in the North American Cordillera / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:177-186, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.13 --- L. J. Sonder, P. C. England, B. P. Wernicke, and R. L. Christiansen: A physical model for Cenozoic extension of western North America / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:187-201, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.14 --- Brian P. Wernicke, Philip C. England, Leslie J. Sonder, and Robert L. Christiansen: Tectonomagmatic evolution of Cenozoic extension in the North American Cordillera / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:203-221, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.15 --- Richard W. Allmendinger, Jack Oliver, Thomas A. Hauge, Ernest C. Hauser, and Christopher J. Potter: Tectonic heredity and the layered lower crust in the Basin and Range Province, western United States / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:223-246, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.16 --- George H. Davis: A shear-zone model for the structural evolution of metamorphic core complexes in southeastern Arizona / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:247-266, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.17 --- Jeffrey Lee, Elizabeth L. Miller, and John F. Sutter: Ductile strain and metamorphism in an extensional tectonic setting: a case study from the northern Snake Range, Nevada, USA / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:267-298, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.18 --- Keith A. Howard and Barbara E. John: Crustal extension along a rooted system of imbricate low-angle faults: Colorado River extensional corridor, California and Arizona / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:299-311, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.19 --- Barbara E. John: Geometry and evolution of a mid-crustal extensional fault system: Chemehuevi Mountains, southeastern California / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:313-335, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.20 --- Ronald L. Bruhn, Pamela R. Gibler, and William T. Parry: Rupture characteristics of normal faults: an example from the Wasatch fault zone, Utah / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:337-353, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.21 --- Gordon P. Eaton: Topography and origin of the southern Rocky Mountains and Alvarado Ridge / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:355-369, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.22 --- Paul K. Eddington, Robert B. Smith, and C. Renggli: Kinematics of Basin and Range intraplate extension / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:371-392, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.23 --- K. V. Hodges, J. D. Walker, and B. P. Wernicke: Footwall structural evolution of the Tucki Mountain detachment system, Death Valley region, southeastern California / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:393-408, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.24 --- Bob Thompson, Eric Mercier, and Charlie Roots: Extension and its influence on Canadian Cordilleran passive-margin evolution / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:409-417, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.25 --- S. W. Garrett and B. C. Storey: Lithospheric extension on the Antarctic Peninsula during Cenozoic subduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:419-431, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.26 --- I. W. D. Dalziel, A. M. Grunow, B. C. Storey, S. W. Garrett, L. D. B. Herrod, and R. J. Pankhurst: Extensional tectonics and the fragmentation of Gondwanaland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:433-441, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.27 --- Extension in the NW European Continental Shelf --- M. J. Cheadle, S. McGeary, M. R. Warner, and D. H. Matthews: Extensional structures on the western UK continental shelf: a review of evidence from deep seismic profiling / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:445-465, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.28 --- Alastair Beach, Tim Bird, and Alan Gibbs: Extensional tectonics and crustal structure: deep seismic reflection data from the northern North Sea Viking graben / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:467-476, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.29 --- F. Zervos: A compilation and regional interpretation of the northern North Sea gravity map / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:477-493, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.30 --- Stephen E. Laubach and Stephen Marshak: Fault patterns generated during extensional deformation of crystalline basement, NW Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:495-499, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.31 --- S. R. Kirton and K. Hitchen: Timing and style of crustal extension N of the Scottish mainland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:501-510, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.32 --- C. R. Fielding and G. A. L. Johnson: Sedimentary structures associated with extensional fault movement from the Westphalian of NE England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:511-516, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.33 --- Garry D. Karner, Stuart D. Lake, and John F. Dewey: The thermal and mechanical development of the Wessex Basin, southern England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:517-536, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.34 --- Michel Seranne and Michel Seguret: The Devonian basins of western Norway: tectonics and kinematics of an extending crust / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:537-548, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.35 --- Extension in the Middle East --- P. Y. Chénet, B. Colletta, J. Letouzey, G. Desforges, E. Ousset, and E. A. Zaghloul: Structures associated with extensional tectonics in the Suez rift / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:551-558, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.36 --- Vincent Courtillot, Rolando Armijo, and Paul Tapponnier: Kinematics of the Sinai triple junction and a two-phase model of Arabia-Africa rifting / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:559-573, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.37 --- A. M. C. Şengör: Cross-faults and differential stretching of hanging walls in regions of low-angle normal faulting: examples from western Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:575-589, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.38 --- Extension in Thrust Belts --- J. K. Leggett, N. Lundberg, C. J. Bray, D. E. Karig, J. P. Cadet, R. J. Knipe, and R. von Huene: Extensional tectonics in the Honshu fore-arc, Japan: integrated results of DSDP Legs 57, 87 and reprocessed multichannel seismic reflection profiles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:593-609, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.39 --- L. H. Royden and B. C. Burchfiel: Thin-skinned N-S extension within the convergent Himalayan region: gravitational collapse of a Miocene topographic front / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 28:611-619, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.40

Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION Evaporites may form in a spectrum of environments from continental sabkha (playa) to deep basins (see Kendall 1978 a, b, Schreiber 1978, 1986, Friedman and Krumbein 1985, for review). In the last two decades, many ancient evaporite basins have been interpreted using the sabkha model and the deep desiccated basin model, the former not excluding the latter. However, growing evidence has been gathered indicating that most evaporites are formed in subaqueous environments, so that it cannot be reasonably expected that one depositional model alone will explain the entire basin fill. The chapters in this volume discuss characteristic examples of evaporite basins, mostly of moderate size. Aspects of a saline giant, the Zechstein basin of Central and NW Europe, have been considered in Volume 10 of "Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences"...

Description / Table of Contents: PREFACE It is to-day generally recognized by environmental scientists that the particular behaviour of trace metals in the environment is determined by their specific physico-chemical forms rather than by their total concentration. With the introduction, several years ago, of atomic absorption spectrometry at many laboratories involved in environmental studies, a technique for simple, rapid and cheap determination of total metal concentrations in environmental samples became available. As a consequence, there is a plethora of scientific papers and reports where metal concentrations in the environment are only reported as total concentrations. It appears that the simplicity of making accurate determinations of total metal contents in water, sediment and biological samples has somewhat masked the need for improved knowledge about the various forms of metals occurring in the environment as well as the bioavailahility of these forms. In other words, the need for metal speciation in studies of metals in the environment does not seem to have become obvious to most environmental scientists until relatively recently. As a matter of fact, it was only in the middle of the 1970s that the first systematic attempts were made to obtain information about the various metal species occurring in environmental samples. During the last ten years, however, a revolutionary change of attitude towards the importance of metal speciation has occurred and considerable research effort has been devoted by environmental scientists to measuring the concentrations of biologically important trace metals in surface waters. There is currently an increasing effort to couple the development of chemical analytical techniques to process-related biological problems. Concurrently, a new focus is being imposed on ecological impact studies, that of determining which active trace metal species merit the most intensive research from the standpoint of environmental perturbation. Current efforts are directed towards the development of chemical speciation schemes which can be related directly to measures of bioavailability...

Description / Table of Contents: J. C. Goff and B. P. J. Williams: Introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:NP, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.01 --- Section 1: Fluid Flow in Compacting Basins --- Richard E. Chapman: Fluid flow in sedimentary basins: a geologist’s perspective / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:3-18, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.02 --- Kinji Magara: Fluid flow due to sediment loading—an application to the Arabian Gulf region / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:19-28, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.03 --- Section 2: Fluid Flow in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin --- Brian Hitchon, S. Bachu, C. M. Sauveplane, and A. T. Lytviak: Dynamic basin analysis: an integrated approach with large data bases / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:31-44, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.04 --- J. Tóth and T. Corbet: Post-Palaeocene evolution of regional groundwater flow systems and their relation to petroleum accumulations, Taber Area, southern Alberta, Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:45-77, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.05 --- F. W. Jones and J. A. Majorowicz: Some aspects of the thermal regime and hydrodynamics of the western Canadian sedimentary basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:79-85, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.06 --- Harry J. Bradbury and Grant R. Woodwell: Ancient fluid flow within foreland terrains / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:87-102, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.07 --- Section 3: Fluid Flow in United Kingdom Groundwater Basins --- R. A. Downing, W. M. Edmunds, and I. N. Gale: Regional groundwater flow in sedimentary basins in the U.K. / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:105-125, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.08 --- A. H. Bath, A. E. Milodowski, and G. E. Strong: Fluid flow and diagenesis in the East Midlands Triassic sandstone aquifer / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:127-140, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.09 --- Michael Price: Fluid flow in the Chalk of England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:141-156, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.10 --- N. P. Wilson and M. N. Luheshi: Thermal aspects of the East Midlands aquifer system / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:157-169, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.11 --- Section 4: Fluid Flow in Low Permeability and Fractured Media --- J. Alexander, J. H. Black, and M. A. Brightman: The role of low-permeability rocks in regional flow / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:173-183, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.12 --- J. H. Black: Flow and flow mechanisms in crystalline rock / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:185-200, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.13 --- David A. Brown: The flow of water and displacement of hydrocarbons in fractured chalk reservoirs / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 34:201-218, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.034.01.14

Description / Table of Contents: P. P. E. Weaver, J. Thomson, and P. M. Hunter: Introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:vii-xii, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.01 --- Orrin H. Pilkey: Sedimentology of basin plains / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:1-12, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.02 --- A. Kuijpers, E. J. Th. Duin, and G. J. de Lange: Areal sedimentation rate patterns of the southern Nares Abyssal Plain, western N Atlantic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:13-22, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.03 --- Michael T. Ledbetter and Adam Klaus: Influence of bottom currents on sediment texture and sea-floor morphology in the Argentine Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:23-31, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.04 --- Robert B. Kidd, Peter M. Hunter, and Robert W. Simm: Turbidity-current and debris-flow pathways to the Cape Verde Basin: status of long-range side-scan sonar (GLORIA) surveys / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:33-48, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.05 --- R. C. Searle: Regional setting and geophysical characterization of the Great Meteor East area in the Madeira Abyssal Plain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:49-70, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.06 --- P. P. E. Weaver and R. G. Rothwell: Sedimentation on the Madeira Abyssal Plain over the last 300 000 years / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:71-86, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.07 --- S. R. J. Williams: Faulting in abyssal-plain sediments, Great Meteor East, Madeira Abyssal Plain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:87-104, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.08 --- Q. J. Huggett: Mapping of hemipelagic versus turbiditic muds by feeding traces observed in deep-sea photographs / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:105-112, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.09 --- P. J. Schultheiss and M. Noel: Evidence of pore-water advection in the Madeira Abyssal Plain from pore-pressure and temperature measurements / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:113-129, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.10 --- L. E. Shephard, A. K. Rutledge, W. R. Bryant, and K. M. Moran: Geotechnical characteristics of fine-grained turbidite sequences from the Nares Abyssal Plain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:131-146, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.11 --- Gert J. de Lange, Ian Jarvis, and Antoon Kuijpers: Geochemical characteristics and provenance of late Quaternary sediments from the Madeira Abyssal Plain, N Atlantic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:147-165, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.12 --- J. Thomson, S. Colley, N. C. Higgs, D. J. Hydes, T. R. S. Wilson, and J. Sørensen: Geochemical oxidation fronts in NE Atlantic distal turbidites and their effects in the sedimentary record / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:167-177, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.13 --- Ian Jarvis and Nigel Higgs: Trace-element mobility during early diagenesis in distal turbidites: late Quaternary of the Madeira Abyssal Plain, N Atlantic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:179-214, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.14 --- D. Heggie, C. Maris, A. Hudson, J. Dymond, R. Beach, and J. Cullen: Organic carbon oxidation and preservation in NW Atlantic continental margin sediments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 31:215-236, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.031.01.15

Description / Table of Contents: D. R. Bowes: Janet Watson—an appreciation and bibliography / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:1-5, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.01 --- John Sutton and Janet Watson: The Lewisian complex: questions for the future / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:7-11, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.02 --- R. G. Park and J. Tarney: The Lewisian complex: a typical Precambrian high-grade terrain? / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:13-25, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.03 --- D. J. Fettes and J. R. Mendum: The evolution of the Lewisian complex in the Outer Hebrides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:27-44, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.04 --- J. Tarney and B. L. Weaver: Geochemistry of the Scourian complex: petrogenesis and tectonic models / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:45-56, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.05 --- H. R. Rollinson and M. B. Fowler: The magmatic evolution of the Scourian complex at Gruinard Bay / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:57-71, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.06 --- A. C. Barnicoat: The causes of the high-grade metamorphism of the Scourie complex, NW Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:73-79, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.07 --- J. D. Sills and H. R. Rollinson: Metamorphic evolution of the mainland Lewisian complex / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:81-92, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.08 --- I. Cartwright and A. C. Barnicoat: Petrology of Scourian supracrustal rocks and orthogneisses from Stoer, NW Scotland: implications for the geological evolution of the Lewisian complex / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:93-107, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.09 --- N. M. S. Rock, A. E. Davis, D. Hutchison, M. Joseph, and T. K. Smith: The geochemistry of Lewisian marbles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:109-126, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.10 --- M. P. Coward and R. G. Park: The role of mid-crustal shear zones in the Early Proterozoic evolution of the Lewisian / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:127-138, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.11 --- R. G. Park, A. Crane, and M. Niamatullah: Early Proterozoic structure and kinematic evolution of the southern mainland Lewisian / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:139-151, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.12 --- J. Wheeler, B. F. Windley, and F. B. Davies: Internal evolution of the major Precambrian shear belt at Torridon, NW Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:153-163, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.13 --- P. Attfield: The structural history of the Canisp Shear Zone / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:165-173, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.14 --- S. H. White and J. Glasser: The Outer Hebrides Fault Zone: evidence for normal movements / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:175-183, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.15 --- J. Hall: Physical properties of Lewisian rocks: implications for deep crustal structure / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:185-192, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.16 --- D. K. Smythe: Deep seismic reflection profiling of the Lewisian foreland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:193-203, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.17 --- J. D. A. Piper: The palaeomagnetic record in the Lewisian terrain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:205-215, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.18 --- J. Tarney and B. L. Weaver: Mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry of the Scourie dykes: petrogenesis and crystallization processes in dykes intruded at depth / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:217-233, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.19 --- J. S. Myers: The East Greenland Nagssugtoqidian mobile belt compared with the Lewisian complex / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:235-246, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.20 --- J. Korstgård, B. Ryan, and R. Wardle: The boundary between Proterozoic and Archaean crustal blocks in central West Greenland and northern Labrador / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:247-259, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.21 --- R. P. Hall, D. J. Hughes, and C. R. L. Friend: Mid-Archaean basic magmatism of southern West Greenland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:261-275, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.22 --- J. S. Myers: High-grade terrains in and around the Yilgarn Block of Western Australia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:277-284, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.23 --- S. L. Harley and L. P. Black: The Archaean geological evolution of Enderby Land, Antarctica / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:285-296, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.24 --- J. D. Sills, K. Wang, Y. Yan, and B. F. Windley: The Archaean high grade gneiss terrain in E Hebei Province, NE China: geological framework and conditions of metamorphism / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 27:297-305, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.027.01.25

Description / Table of Contents: Jim Marshall: Diagenesis and Sedimentary Sequences—Introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:v-vi, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.01: Diagenetic Processes --- Ian R. Goldsmith and Peter King: Hydrodynamic modelling of cementation patterns in modern reefs / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:1-13, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.02 --- H. G. Machel: Some aspects of diagenetic sulphate-hydrocarbon redox reactions / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:15-28, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.03 --- S. N. Palmer and M. E. Barton: Porosity reduction, microfabric and resultant lithification in UK uncemented sands / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:29-40, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.04 --- R. Raiswell: Non-steady state microbiological diagenesis and the origin of concretions and nodular limestones / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:41-54, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.05 --- E. A. Warren: The application of a solution-mineral equilibrium model to the diagenesis of Carboniferous sandstones, Bothamsall oilfield, East Midlands, England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:55-69, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.06 --- Early Diagenesis --- T. R. Astin: Petrology (including fluorescence microscopy) of cherts from the Portlandian of Wiltshire, UK—evidence of an episode of meteoric water circulation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:73-85, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.07 --- Greg A. Carson: Silicification fabrics from the Cenomanian and basal Turonian of Devon, England: isotopic results / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:87-102, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.08 --- J. D. Kantorowicz, I. D. Bryant, and J. M. Dawans: Controls on the geometry and distribution of carbonate cements in Jurassic sandstones: Bridport Sands, southern England and Viking Group, Troll Field, Norway / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:103-118, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.09 --- J. J. Pueyo Mur and M. Inglés Urpinell: Magnesite formation in recent playa lakes, Los Monegros, Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:119-122, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.10 --- C. Taberner and C. Santisteban: Mixed-water dolomitization in a transgressive beach-ridge system, Eocene Catalan Basin, NE Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:123-139, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.11 --- R. D. A. Smith: Early diagenetic phosphate cements in a turbidite basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:141-156, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.12 --- Zhao Xun and Ian J. Fairchild: Mixing zone dolomitization of Devonian carbonates, Guangxi, South China / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:157-170, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.13 --- Regional Studies and Burial Diagenesis --- A. H. Bath, A. E. Milodowski, and B. Spiro: Diagenesis of carbonate cements in Permo-Triassic sandstones in the Wessex and East Yorkshire-Lincolnshire Basins, UK: a stable isotope study / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:173-190, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.14 --- J. R. Boles: Six million year diagenetic history, North Coles Levee, San Joaquin Basin, California / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:191-200, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.15 --- D. Emery: Trace-element source and mobility during limestone burial diagenesis—an example from the Middle Jurassic of eastern England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:201-217, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.16 --- Lynton S. Land and R. Stephen Fisher: Wilcox sandstone diagenesis, Texas Gulf Coast: a regional isotopic comparison with the Frio Formation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:219-235, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.17 --- David C. Harris and William J. Meyers: Regional dolomitization of subtidal shelf carbonates: Burlington and Keokuk Formations (Mississippian), Iowa and Illinois / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:237-258, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.18 --- J. D. Hudson and J. E. Andrews: The diagenesis of the Great Estuarine Group, Middle Jurassic, Inner Hebrides, Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:259-276, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.19 --- Fred J. Longstaffe and Avner Ayalon: Oxygen-isotope studies of clastic diagenesis in the Lower Cretaceous Viking Formation, Alberta: implications for the role of meteoric water / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:277-296, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.20 --- J. Parnell: Secondary porosity in hydrocarbon-bearing transgressive sandstones on an unstable Lower Palaeozoic continental shelf, Welsh Borderland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:297-312, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.21 --- G. C. Saigal and K. Bjørlykke: Carbonate cements in clastic reservoir rocks from offshore Norway—relationships between isotopic composition, textural development and burial depth / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:313-324, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.22 --- G. E. Strong and A. E. Milodowski: Aspects of the diagenesis of the Sherwood Sandstones of the Wessex Basin and their influence on reservoir characteristics / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:325-337, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.23 --- C. B. de Wet: Deposition and diagenesis in an extensional basin: the Corallian Formation (Jurassic) near Oxford, England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 36:339-353, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.036.01.24

Description / Table of Contents: General Topics and Reviews --- S. R. Taylor: Geochemical and Petrological Significance of the Archaean-Proterozoic Boundary / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:3-8, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.01 --- R. P. Hall, D. J. Hughes, C. R. L. Friend, and G. L. Snyder: Proterozoic Mantle Heterogeneity: Geochemical Evidence from Contrasting Basic Dykes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:9-21, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.02 --- D. Rickard: Proterozoic Volcanogenic Mineralization Styles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:23-35, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.03 --- Early Proterozoic Volcanic Suites of the Baltic Shield --- T. C. Pharaoh, A. Warren, and N. J. Walsh: Early Proterozoic Metavolcanic Suites of the Northernmost Part of the Baltic Shield / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:41-58, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.04 --- M. Honkamo: Geochemistry and Tectonic Setting of Early Proterozoic Volcanic Rocks in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:59-68, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.05 --- Waldo Vivallo and Lars-Åke Claesson: Intra-Arc Rifting and Massive Sulphide Mineralization in an Early Proterozoic Volcanic Arc, Skellefte District, Northern Sweden / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:69-79, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.06 --- Joanna Parr and David Rickard: Early Proterozoic Subaerial Volcanism and Its Relationship to Broken Hill-type Mineralization in Central Sweden / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:81-93, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.07 --- H. Colley and L. Westra: The Volcano-Tectonic Setting and Mineralization of the Early Proterozoic Kemiö-Orijärvi-Lohja Belt, SW Finland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:95-107, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.08 --- Early and Middle Proterozoic Volcanic Suites of the Laurentian and North Atlantic Shields --- W. R. A. Baragar and R. F. J. Scoates: Volcanic Geochemistry of the Northern Segments of the Circum-Superior Belt of the Canadian Shield / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:113-131, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.09 --- N. T. Arndt, G. E. Brügmann, K. Lehnert, C. Chauvel, and B. W. Chappell: Geochemistry, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Environment of Circum-Superior Belt Basalts, Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:133-145, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.10 --- J. F. Lewry, R. MacDonald, C. Livesey, M. Meyer, R. Van Schmus, and M. E. Bickford: U-Pb Geochronology of Accreted Terranes in the Trans-Hudson Orogen, Northern Saskatchewan, Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:147-166, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.11 --- B. R. Watters and J. A. Pearce: Metavolcanic Rocks of the La Ronge Domain in the Churchill Province, Saskatchewan: Geochemical Evidence for a Volcanic Arc Origin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:167-182, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.12 --- J. W. Gaskarth and G. R. Parslow: Proterozoic Volcanism in the Flin Flon Greenstone Belt, East-Central Saskatchewan, Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:183-200, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.13 --- Charles F. Gower and Bruce Ryan: Two Stage Felsic Volcanism in the Lower Proterozoic Upper Aillik Group, Labrador, Canada: Its Relationship to Syn- and Post-Kinematic Plutonism / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:201-210, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.14 --- K. C. Condie: Early Proterozoic Volcanic Regimes in Southwestern North America / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:211-218, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.15 --- A. N. LeCheminant, A. R. Miller, and G. M. LeCheminant: Early Proterozoic Alkaline Igneous Rocks, District of Keewatin, Canada: Petrogenesis and Mineralization / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:219-240, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.16 --- A. B. Ryan, W. R. A. Baragar, and D. J. Kontak: Geochemistry, Tectonic Setting, and Mineralization of High-Potassium Middle Proterozoic Rocks in Central Labrador, Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:241-254, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.17 --- Y. A. Johnson, R. G. Park, and J. A. Winchester: Geochemistry, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of the Early Proterozoic Loch Maree Group Amphibolites of the Lewisian Complex, NW Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:255-269, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.18 --- Proterozoic Volcanic Suites of the Guiana Shield --- A. K. Gibbs: Proterozoic Volcanic Rocks of the Northern Guiana Shield, South America / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:275-288, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.19 --- R. Renner and A. K. Gibbs: Geochemistry and Petrology of Metavolcanic Rocks of the Early Proterozoic Mazaruni Greenstone Belt, Northern Guyana / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:289-309, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.20 --- Proterozoic Volcanic Suites of Africa --- R. E. Myers, R. G. Cawthorn, T. S. McCarthy, and C. R. Anhaeusser: Fundamental Uniformity in the Trace Element Patterns of the Volcanics of the Kaapvaal Craton from 3000 to 2100 Ma: Evidence for the Lithospheric Origin of These Continental Tholeiites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:315-325, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.21 --- D. L. Reid, A. J. Erlank, H. J. Welke, and A. Moyes: The Orange River Group: a Major Proterozoic Calcalkaline Volcanic Belt in the Western Namaqua Province, Southern Africa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:327-346, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.22 --- G. Borg and K. J. Maiden: Alteration of Late Middle Proterozoic Volcanics and its Relation to Stratabound Copper-Silver-Gold Mineralization Along the Margin of the Kalahari Craton in Swa/Namibia and Botswana / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:347-354, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.23 --- J. H. Breitkopf and K. J. Maiden: Geochemical Patterns of Metabasites in the Southern Part of the Damara Orogen, SWA/Namibia: Applicability to the Recognition of Tectonic Environment / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:355-361, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.24 --- P. M. Klemenic: The Geochemistry of Upper Proterozoic Lavas From the Red Sea Hills, NE Sudan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:363-372, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.25 --- Proterozoic Volcanic Suites of Australia --- L. A. I. Wyborn, R. W. Page, and A. J. Parker: Geochemical and Geochronological Signatures in Australian Proterozoic Igneous Rocks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:377-394, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.26 --- S. D. James, J. A. Pearce, and R. A. Oliver: The Geochemistry of the Lower Proterozoic Willyama Complex Volcanics, Broken Hill Block, New South Wales / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:395-408, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.27 --- I. H. Wilson: Geochemistry of Proterozoic Volcanics, Mount Isa Inlier, Australia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:409-423, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.28 --- L. A. I. Wyborn: The Petrology and Geochemistry of Alteration Assemblages in the Eastern Creek Volcanics, as a Guide to Copper and Uranium Mobility Associated with Regional Metamorphism and Deformation, Mount Isa, Queensland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:425-434, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.29 --- Proterozoic Volcanic Suites of Asia --- Jia Chengzao: Geochemistry and Tectonics of the Xionger Group in the Eastern Qinling Mountains of China—a mid Proterozoic Volcanic arc Related to Plate Subduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:436-448, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.30 --- Middle to Late Proterozoic Volcanic Suites of the North Atlantic Borderlands --- T. E. Smith and P. E. Holm: The Trace Element Geochemistry of Metavolcanics and Dykes From the Central Metasedimentary Belt of the Grenville Province, Southeastern Ontario, Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:453-470, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.31 --- T. S. Brewer and B. P. Atkin: Geochemical and Tectonic Evolution of the Proterozoic Telemark Supracrustals, Southern Norway / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:471-487, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.32 --- J. A. Winchester, M. D. Max, and C. B. Long: Trace Element Geochemical Correlation in the Reworked Proterozoic Dalradian Metavolcanic Suites of the Western Ox Mountains and NW Mayo Inliers, Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:489-502, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.33 --- G. J. Lees, R. A. Roach, M. M. Shufflebotham, and N. H. Griffiths: Upper Proterozoic Basaltic Volcanism in the Northern Massif Armoricain, France / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:503-523, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.34 --- B. Cabanis, J. Chantraine, and D. Rabu: Geochemical Study of the Brioverian (late Proterozoic) Volcanic Rocks in the Northern Armorican Massif (France). Implications for Geodynamic Evolution During the Cadomian / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:525-539, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.35 --- T. C. Pharaoh, P. C. Webb, R. S. Thorpe, and R. D. Beckinsale: Geochemical Evidence for the Tectonic Setting of Late Proterozoic Volcanic Suites in Central England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 33:541-552, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.033.01.36

Description / Table of Contents: PREFACE During the last few years, evaporites have increasingly been regarded as sediments and not only as chemical precipitates. Especially the intensive study of the Zechstein facies has resulted in a vast amount of observations and interpretations which are of general significance, offering important information to all sedimentologists interested in carbonates and evaporites. It seems therefore useful to introduce the sedimentological approach in a basin where various chemical concepts have been developed. This is the aim of the present volume, and this approach will be recognized by the reader in most of the chapters. The idea of publishing a collection of papers on the Zechstein facies and related rocks found an enthusiastic response, although later some contributors were, for various reasons, unable to meet the deadline. However, the papers submitted cover all major fields and will certainly stimulate further research...