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  • thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History  (65)
  • bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences  (53)
  • COVID-19
  • Coastal erosion
  • Mediterranean Sea
  • René Descartes
  • Firenze University Press  (71)
  • Firenze University Press, Genova University Press  (41)
  • Amsterdam University Press  (24)
  • Emerald Publishing
  • MT Open Press
  • English  (138)
  • Arabic
  • 2020-2024  (138)
  • 1980-1984
  • 2024  (8)
  • 2023  (130)
Collection
Keywords
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  • 2020-2024  (138)
  • 1980-1984
Year
  • 1
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    Chapter Topic modeling for analysing the Russian propaganda in the conflict with Ukraine (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The conflict between Ukraine and Russia is changing Europe, which is facing a crisis destined to reshape the internal and external relations of the continent, shifting international balances. In this contribution, we show preliminary results on the monitoring of Russian propaganda. In fact, we analysed the content of online newspapers (Strategic Culture Foundation, Global research, News Front, South Front, Katehon, Geopolitics) used as propaganda tools of the Russian government. The newspapers create and amplify the narrative of the conflict, transmitting information filtered by the Kremlin to advance Putin's propaganda about the war. The objective of the work, therefore, is to understand what were the main themes that the Russian media used to motivate the conflict in Ukraine. Specifically, the proposed analysis runs from March 2021, when the Russian military began moving weapons and equipment into Crimea, to the end of March 2022, the day of the first negotiations in Istanbul. In this regard, we used topic modeling techniques to analyse textual content that uncovers the latent thematic structure in document collections to identify emerging topics.
    Keywords: topic modeling ; russian propaganda ; non-negative matrix factorization ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Attaining the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal of Good Health and Well-Being (2023)
    Emerald Publishing | Emerald Publishing Limited
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and freely available to read online. Attaining the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal of Good Health and Well-Being focuses on Sustainable Development Goal number three (SDG#3): prioritising the emotional and physical health of humans around the world. Examining family businesses in Germany, Malaysia, Mexico, and Australia, each case study presents a unique perspective from their respective country, analysing how SDG#3 translates into ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all. The case studies presented generate insights and key takeaways into the role of family businesses in fostering safety and equality in healthcare systems and infrastructure across the globe. The United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 Goals pledged by 193 nations in 2015 which would help engender an improved, fairer, and more sustainable world – one in which ‘no one is left behind’. The SDGs are a call to action, to develop innovative solutions to the most complex, societal, and environmental global challenges. In Family Businesses on a Mission, series editors Naomi Birdthistle and Rob Hales bring together international case studies to illustrate how family businesses can attain the UN 2030 SDGs. Accessible to those working in the field beyond academia – such as family business practitioners, family business owners, government and policymakers, members of NGOs, business associations and philanthropic centres – this book series equally appeals to those with a general interest in entrepreneurship and business.
    Keywords: Wellness ; Inclusive health ; Health care ; Disease ; Organic ; Diet ; COVID-19 ; Vaccine ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJJ Business and the environment; ‘green’ approaches to business ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJG Business ethics and social responsibility ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJC Business strategy
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  • 3
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    Chapter Factors affecting tertiary education decisions of immigrants in Italy (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
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    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: To identify the determinants of the choices of young Italian natives and immigrants with respect to tertiary education, two datasets for 2009 were used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) and the Italian Survey on Income and Living Conditions of Families with Immigrants in Italy (IT-SILCFI). A sub-sample of young Italians and immigrants between 20 and 25 years of age was set up, containing individual, family, and contextual explanatory variables. Their effects on the choice of tertiary schooling (yes/no) was assessed using an ordinary logistic model and a Lasso method to determine the explanatory set variables through a Bayesian approach. The transition from high school to university showed a complex pattern involving many variables: compared to men, women were twice as likely to continue their education, many components of income entered the model in a parabolic form, education level and income of parents proved to be very important, as was their occupation. The contextual factors revealed their importance: the latter included the degree of urbanisation, the South macro-region, household tenure status, the amount of optional technological equipment, and so on. Differences between Italians and immigrants disappeared when family background and parental characteristics were taken into account.
    Keywords: High school-to-university transition ; school-to-work transition ; educational inequality ; Lasso method ; educational territorial pattern ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Chapter The Luwian Goddess Darawa (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The PN Kammalia-Tarawa in an Old Assyrian tablet seems to be the earliest reference of the deity Darawa. The Luwian background this deity is also apparent, e.g., from the plural form DDa-ra-ú-wa-an-zi or from those texts mentioned in CTH 457 and the etymological interpretation of the divine name to the Luwian verb tarāwi(ya)-. Since the early Middle Hittite period Darawa also found her way into the Hattian milieu and as a goddess connected with the family life, she is mentioned several times in festivals for a queen (CTH 646), but also in the Hittite Prayer to the Sun-goddess of the Netherworld (CTH 371) which is – in my opinion – the only Hittite texts mentioning Darawa within the “pantheon of the state”. Texts from the Hurrian and Kizzuwatnaean milieu (e.g., CTH 351) also refer several times to Darawa, but this is clearly the result of a secondary and marginal dissemination of the goddess. In conclusion one might say that Darawa from her Luwian background also came into contact with various milieus of the “Hittite pantheon”, functioning as a goddess providing good (and evil) to humans in everyday life.
    Keywords: Darawa ; Kuduili ; Festival of a Queen ; non-state religion ; Luwian-Hittite contacts ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Chapter «Professors of the Street»: Cognitive Justice in Times of ‘Crisis’ (2024)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-03
    Description: Arundati Roy (2020) states that historically pandemics have forced humans to break with the past and imagine their world anew. This chapter, set in the COVID-19 pandemic, centres the importance of cognitive justice which is an essential part of the struggles for justice against domination. Cognitive justice is used as a lens to explore the case story of Cape Town Together (CTT), which was a response to COVID-19. The social movement was built, bottom up, challenging the deep racial and class divides that are a signature of Cape Town. The concept of ‘professors of the street’ emerged as part of CTT. This concept is explored by locating it within the context of the pandemic and within CTT’s learning/teaching/organising practices. It is argued that ‘professors of the street’ are a provocation to challenge the dominant knowledge hierarchies that prevail – it is a metaphor for the critical importance of grassroots, local knowledge in times of ‘crisis’. The teaching/learning /organising ethos within CTT provided fertile soil for «professors of the street» to emerge as an example of the enactment of cognitive justice within a crisis. The case story offers insights for organising for social-ecological justice in various ‘crisis’ situations.
    Keywords: Cognitive Justice ; COVID-19 ; Crisis ; Social Movement Learning ; Socio-ecological Justice ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Theonyms, Panthea and Syncretisms in Hittite Anatolia and Northern Syria (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The topic of the Anatolian panthea in the Bronze Age deals with Hattian, Hittite, Palaean, Luwian and Hurrian gods who have been worshiped in the Kingdom of Ḫatti. In such a context, along with trying to keep a balanced and methodologically-aware approach in our original research, we realized that a multi-authored work such as the present volume, with papers written by some of the major experts of Anatolian religious history, would represent an invaluable contribution to the advancement of a complex and vast field. This collection of essays is the result of the workshop Theonyms, Panthea and Syncretisms in Hittite Anatolia and Northern Syria, held at the University of Verona on 25th and 26th March 2022. Colleagues with different areas of expertise pertaining to the topic of Anatolian religions contributed to an extremely successful event.
    Keywords: Anatolian panthea ; Hittite religion ; theonyms ; linguistics ; State cult ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Chapter An Open Data platform for decision making in local public administration (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
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    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: This paper presents the Milan Open Data (OD) platform as a means to provide statistics and data in the framework of “Data-Driven Milan”, a city where policy decisions are taken in an “informed and aware” way using data. Open Data are ever more important in providing citizen communities with useful information. Over the last 10 years, the municipality of Milan has developed its OD platform from an experimental portal to a fully-fledged portal with more than 1,600 datasets, implemented a Linked Open Data (LOD) system and 8 advanced data visualization projects, and produced OD policies and operating guidelines. The OD portal is based on the CKAN technology, which makes datasets available via both download and Application Programming Interfaces. It currently has about 9,000 unique visitors per month. Data are also published as tables on the statistical portal and maps on the geo-portal. A single entry point to the three portals is about to be released. The advanced visualization projects make data available as reader-friendly graphics. Depending on its topic, a project might be a storytelling of the city through key statistics, a means to communicate the administration’s achievements, or a “data democratization” operation, such as “Open bilancio”, which publishes detailed information about the municipality’s annual budget. LOD are semantically enriched and machine-readable data that help to implement data interoperability between distributed systems. The ongoing LOD automation project aims to improve the current system by minimizing manual operations in the dataset lifecycle. Three Municipal Resolutions have been issued to define OD governance: the first establishes that data are released under an Open License, to promote the digital economy; the second promotes data interoperability and quality; and the third, issued in 2021, establishes the guidelines and an operating model for OD governance, including ontology-supported data publishing.
    Keywords: linked open data ; public administration ; data driven decisions ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Chapter The National Monitoring Program of Israel's Mediterranean Waters – scientific perspectives (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The Levantine Basin (LB) is considered an impoverished and sensitive ecosystem in the Mediterranean Sea. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution this sea has been influenced by increasing global, regional and local anthropogenic pressures. The LB is at the eastern most terminus of the Mediterranean Sea with relatively long residence time of water subject to warming, salinization and acidification. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1864 linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean has facilitated the migration and settling of hundreds of Eritrean species along the Levantine coasts at the expense of native species and irreversibly altering the ecosystem
    Keywords: Monitoring ; Mediterranean Sea ; Levantine basin ; Climate Change ; Marine Pollution ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Chapter Rulership and the Gods: The Role of Cultic Institutions in the Late Bronze to Iron Age Transition in Anatolia and Northern Syria (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: This paper aims to demonstrate that cults and cultic institutions are a crucial element for understanding the processes producing different regional outcomes after the fall of the Hittite empire. In this paper, cults are understood as normative cosmic forces defining tempo and worldview of ancient societies. Cultic institutions can be identified as physical spaces defined by purity, charged with real and symbolic value, and led by specialists whose competence is recognised by the community. Instead of being a by-product of political complexity, they are a driving force behind the power dynamics because they are perceived as such in a bottom-up perspective, but also often by main political actors in search of legitimation of their power. This paper examines the interconnections between cultic and political institutions in the territory under the Hittite empire and in the same space after the empire’s demise. We aim to distinguish between processes of resilience, reorganisation, and transformation as they occurred in particular micro-regions previously controlled by the empire, including the Upper Euphrates, South-Central Anatolia, North-Central Anatolia, Cilicia, and the Northern Levant; this will demonstrate both the importance of such a micro-regionally defined study, as well as the shared coincidence of cultic and political institutional change. It will become evident that cultic continuity coincided with the resilience of political institutions, and changes in the cultic landscape corresponded to political reorganisations or transformations in post-Hittite Anatolia and north Syria.
    Keywords: institution ; temple ; kingship ; Syro-Anatolia ; post-Hittite ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Chapter The impact of economic insecurity on life satisfaction among German citizens (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press | ASA 2022 Data-Driven Decision Making
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    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The concept of life satisfaction dates back to the Age of Enlightenment and became popular in the Nineteenth century as a synonym for ‘good life’. Efforts are still underway to overcome the traditional economic criteria of well-being by broadening the definition and measurement of life satisfaction based on a large set of indicators. Although ‘money cannot buy happiness’, the economic dimension remains a crucial element of life satisfaction. Economic insecurity arises from unpredictable economic losses, which may affect individuals’ well-being due to the feeling of failure and inability to recover. In this paper, economic insecurity is investigated for its impact on the trajectories of life satisfaction over a timespan of 30 years among working-age German citizens, grouped by age (16-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-64) and activity sector (secondary vs. tertiary). Latent Growth Curve Models were estimated on longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), using individual and time fixed effects. The analyses allow us to break down the impact of economic insecurity on life satisfaction into a fixed component and a specific random component for each individual. Every year, panel respondents have been asked to provide their subjective perception of life satisfaction on a 10-point Likert scale. Economic insecurity is measured through the Bossert and D’Ambrosio’s index. Our results show that economic insecurity has a negative impact on life satisfaction, which becomes more relevant for people in the 40-49 age group. This impact appears to be stronger for workers belonging to the secondary sector. Moreover, among the youngest individuals (16-29), such an impact shows a higher variability over time: therefore, within this age group, economic insecurity appears to affect life satisfaction more unpredictably. As relevant differences exist between the considered groups, our results give way to the implementation of targeted policy measures.
    Keywords: SOEP ; Well-being ; Panel data analysis ; Latent Growth Curve Models ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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  • 11
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    Chapter Students’ feedback on the digital ecosystem: a structural topic modeling approach (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
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    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: Starting from March 2020, strict containment measures against COVID-19 forced the Italian Universities to activate remote learning and supply didactic methods online. This work is aimed at showing students’ perceptions towards a learning-teaching experience practised within a digital learning ecosystem designed in the period of first emergency and then re-proposed for the blended mode. Specifically, students, attending six teaching large courses held by four professors in two different Italian universities, were asked to express their impression in a text guided by questions, requiring the reflections and clarification of their and inner deep thoughts on the ecosystem. To automate the analysis of the resulting open-ended responses and avoid a labour-intensive human coding, we focused on a machine learning approach based on structural topic modelling (STM). Alike to Latent Dirichlet Allocation model (LDA), STM is a probabilistic generative model that defines a document generated as a mixture of hidden topics. In addition, STM extends the LDA framework by allowing covariates of interest to be included in the prior distributions for open-ended-response topic proportions and topic word distributions. Based on model diagnostics and researchers’ expertise, a 10-topic model is best fitted the data. Prevalent topics described by respondents include: “Physical space”, “Bulding the community: use of Whatsapp”, “Communication and tools”, “Interaction with Teacher”, “Feedback”.
    Keywords: Student feedback ; digital learning ecosystem ; open-ended questions ; pandemic context ; structural topic models ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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  • 12
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    Chapter On the use of auxiliary information in spatial sampling (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press | ASA 2022 Data-Driven Decision Making
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    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Technology development has led to a growing availability of low-cost data ready-to-use, frequently derived from large scale observations (i.e. data from pervasive systems like GPS sensors, or remote sensing data from earth observation technologies). Oftentimes, these data can’t directly answer specific questions posed by researchers and data users, or even if they can they are subject to measurement errors or self-selection bias. In both cases it is still necessary to rely, at least partially, on ad-hoc probabilistic surveys. On the other hand, the precision and quality of surveys estimates can be improved by using the data derived from these new sources as auxiliary information in the design phase and/or in the estimation phase. We present a sequential sampling strategy, suitable to investigate a spatially-related phenomenon, which exploits the auxiliary information at design level in order to obtain efficient estimates when the relation between the auxiliary and study variables it is not completely known and/or is not univocally defined for the whole population under study. Using this strategy the final sample is obtained after two (or more) steps: (i) in the first step we collect an initial sample of observations on the target variable, which is used also to investigate the relation between the auxiliary and study variables; (ii) then, this relation is exploited to target and tailor the subsequent sampling step; (iii) additional steps can be included by applying the procedure iteratively. The performance of the suggested strategy is investigated through Monte Carlo experiments by considering several scenarios, which differ in the distributions of the auxiliary and study variables and in their relation.
    Keywords: Probabilistic survey data ; Sampling allocation strategies ; Spatial data ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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  • 13
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    Chapter Storage and Food Control in the ‘Amuq from the Late Bronze to the Iron Age: The Archaeological Evidence (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Ongoing study of the pottery assemblage and its surrounding context in Area 4 at the site of Alalakh has again brought to light a phenomenon that is considered typical for the Iron Age I Levant: the construction of pits/silo installations in open areas. This phenomenon has been interpreted as a sign of ruralisation or insecure economic conditions, a possible marker for the political instability in the area during the 13th-12th centuries BCE. This article examines the similarities and differences between the examples from the Iron Age I in the ‘Amuq and contemporary sites in the Levant, and also considers later similar installations from the Iron Age II. Keeping in mind the functions usually ascribed to these structures, this study also analyses the so-called ‘Anatolian’ tradition of grain storage in the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age in order to address the role of these installations in understanding possible food control strategies and their possible impact in the Levant.
    Keywords: Storage system ; Late bronze ; Iron age ; 'Amuq ; Grain pits ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Fassbinder's Germany (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Rainer Werner Fassbinder is one of the most prominent and important authors of post-war European cinema. Thomas Elsaesser is the first to write a thoroughly analytical study of his work. He stresses the importance of a closer understanding of Fassbinder's career through a re-reading of his films as textual entities. Approaching the work from different thematic and analytical perspectives, Elsaesser offers both an overview and a number of detailed readings of crucial films, while also providing a European context for Fassbinder's own coming to terms with fascism. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Film Studies ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATF Films, cinema ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATJ Television ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies
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  • 15
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    Chapter Assessing intimate partner violence in African countries through a model-based composite indicator (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
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    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Violence against women has been recognised to affect all dimensions of women’s lives and health, involving both the physical and mental conditions of victims and their general well-being. Intimate partner violence (IPV) – characterized by one of the partners seeking power and control over the other – can be identified as either emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. Recent data show that 33% of ever-married women in Sub-Saharan Africa have survived this form of abuse. The literature lacks an overall measure of violence suitable for surveys since the Composite Abuse Scale (Revised) – Short Form captures IPV mostly in a clinical setting. The data here used are drawn from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). They are part of fifteen surveys that include a module on domestic violence and were carried out in African countries mostly from 2015 to 2018. All women selected for this sample are married women, aged 15-64. Three logistic regression models were previously defined to investigate the determinants of physical, emotional and sexual abuse - independently. In these models, the history of violence – defined as witnessing parental violence, rape by a man other than her partner, and number of abusers in life – turned out to be crucial in predicting violence itself. The intensity of how justified wife-beating is by women themselves and the number of control issues also resulted as significant across all models. On the other hand, the partner’s high education and higher wealth turned out to be protective factors. On these bases, the definition and construction of a composite indicator of IPV with a Structural Equation Model (SEM) are already underway. The possibility of ranking the units of analysis according to the level of the IPV indicator can allow governmental and non-governmental organizations to implement socio-educational interventions that are better targeted to the actual needs of each context.
    Keywords: Intimate Partner Violence ; Demographic and Health Survey ; Composite ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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    Chapter Shaping Gods: from Göbekli Tepe to Kaneš, Ḫattuša, and Beyond (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The spectacular finds at Göbekli Tepe and Nevali Çorı: monolithic pillars representing stylized humans decorated with a large variety of animals, are the representation of an animist cosmos, in which animals and plants being may appear as persons, capable of will. Çatal Höyük represents a stage in which gods started to be shaped: the bull represented the Storm-god (a concept which reached the Classical period), the stag the god of the wild fauna, and female figurines symbolized the Mother-goddess. In Egypt, where gods where usually represented by animals, zoomorphism presents a continuity which ended only with the introduction of Christianity. The archaeological finds from Kaneš and the Hittite texts document an extraordinary continuity: each deity was represented by an animal, portraited in the vessel with which the celebrant (the royal couple or also a priest) reached a kind of communion with the god in drinking of the same wine and eating of the same bread.
    Keywords: Animism ; Göbekli Tepe ; Hittite zoomoprhism ; meal ritual ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
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    Chapter The Land Cover/Use Code of the new Istat Census cartography (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
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    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: ISTAT census layers, realized by ISTAT since 1991, are in update; this kind of digital cartography divides the entire national territory in very small enumeration areas to which are linked all the variables gathered during the census surveys. This layer, thanks to the several pieces of information related to each enumeration area, has a huge value for the statistical description of the Italian situation also regarding land cover and land use themes. Therefore, to further enrich the information assets of the ISTAT cartography, Environment and Territory Service of the Institute aims to produce an implementation of the enumeration areas layer to homogenise them with regard their land cover and land use. In addition, this is achieved through a specific code (Cod_TIPO_S) that can be related to the European frame LUCAS (Land Use and Cover Area Survey) legend. LUCAS survey represents the official frame for the dissemination of land cover and use statistics at continental level. For our purpose a specific transcoding table has been created between COD_TIPO_S and LUCAS legend. New enumeration areas layer provides for 47 legend entries In this brief paper both the work carried out and some provisional results for some of the major Italian urban areas are illustrated. The activities are in progress and are based on GIS algorithm and Python scripts.
    Keywords: enumeration areas ; LUCAS survey ; land cover ; land use ; GIS ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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  • 18
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    Rationalized and Extended Democracy (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publication Date: 2023-11-29
    Description: In this book, Giovanni Molteni Tagliabue asserts that the realization of the values and the implementation of the objectives as indicated in democratic constitutions (political, social rights and the people’s welfare) are hindered by structural defects of the legislative/government architecture and processes. Expertise and science have scarce say in politics and policy. The author suggests an innovative view through the ‘REDemo Project’. 1. Rationalization: the insertion of public scientists into legislative/executive mechanisms, with the creation in each democracy of a National Scientific Assembly – parallel to the extant partypolitical Chamber of Representatives – consisting of academic experts and researchers (legal scholars, political analysts, economists, sociologists, land/urban planners, industry/infrastructure designers, biotechnologists, agronomists, ecologists, educationists, specialists on public health, on cultural heritage, etc.) elected by universal suffrage; 2. Extension: the broadening of the institutions of direct democracy and reinforcement of the electorate as decision-maker of last resort. So the main themes and objectives of the book are an examination of the major flaws in today’s democracies (pars destruens) and a proposal for a renewed institutional framework (pars construens).
    Keywords: Democratic Reform ; Science and Politics ; Science Speaks to Power ; Technocracy ; Expertise and Policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    Chapter Structure and dynamics of immigration in the municipalities of northwestern Italy (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The variability of the characteristics of immigration at different territorial levels is an important key to interpreting social phenomena. This paper deals with immigration in the municipalities of the Northwest of the country. In the analysis, the databases of official statistics are considered. In particular, foreign population incidences based on ISTAT data in the last decades are used. The approach is a mix of complementary techniques of spatial analysis, known in the literature: the Univariate local Moran's Index, the Differential local Moran's Index and the LISA Cluster Transitions technique. The combined use of these tools allows both the representation of immigration structure at the municipal level and the analysis of its spatial dynamics. The results, determined by the complementarity of different methods of spatial analysis, allow to identify clusters of municipalities and to understand both differences and the dynamics of migration. The proposed analysis might be considered as a useful reference for the development of public policies at the local level.
    Keywords: Immigration ; Municipalities ; Spatial analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Epigraphic Stratigraphy: is There Any Trace of the Ostrogoths in Early Medieval “Layers” (6th-9th Century)? (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The short but significant experiment of the Ostrogothic Kingdom in Italy left politically ephemeral albeit culturally surprisingly durable traces in the peninsula. Among them, epigraphy takes centre stage when discussing decrees, laws, and public documents, which are a direct expression of the rulers’ will to gain greater visibility and disseminate their voice. However, epigraphy is also crucial to knowing the names, professions, ideas, and other concepts relating to the ordinary people. This contribution aims to examine a number of issues concerning controversial Germanic names datable between the VIth and VIIth century AD, and variably assigned to Ostrogoths, Lombards, and even Carolingians characters; through the lens of these durable materials, which – ironically enough – are monuments both recording contemporary propaganda and everyday life facets, the article will also explore the graphic and epigraphic changes which occurred in Italy between the VIth-IXth centuries.
    Keywords: Early Middle Ages ; Late Antiquity ; Ostrogoths ; Lombards ; Germanic names ; Epigraphy ; Paleography ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter Measures of interrater agreement when each target is evaluated by a different group of raters (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Most measures of interrater agreement are defined for ratings regarding a group of targets, each rated by the same group of raters (e.g., the agreement of raters who assess on a rating scale the language proficiency of a corpus of argumentative written texts). However, there are situations in which agreement between ratings regards a group of targets where each target is evaluated by a different group of raters, like for instance when teachers in a school are evaluated by a questionnaire administered to all the pupils (students) in the classroom. In these situations, a first approach is to evaluate the level of agreement for the whole group of targets by the ANOVA one-way random model. A second approach is to apply subject-specific indices of interrater agreement like rWG, which represents the observed variance in ratings compared to the variance of a theoretical distribution representing no agreement (i.e., the null distribution). Both these approaches are not appropriate for ordinal or nominal scales. In this paper, an index is proposed to evaluate the agreement between raters for each single target (subject or object) on an ordinal scale, and to obtain also a global measure of the interrater agreement for the whole group of cases evaluated. The index is not affected by the possible concentration of ratings on a very small number of levels of the scale, like it happens for the measures based on the ANOVA approach, and it does not depend on the definition of a null distributions like rWG. The main features of the proposal will be illustrated in a study for the assessment of learning teacher behavior in classroom collected in a research conducted in 2018 at Roma Tre University.
    Keywords: Interrater agreement ; Ordinal data ; Teacher evaluation ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter The territorial organization of the Amalfi Coast: nature and man's intervention (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The Amalfi Coast is characterized by jagged mountain ridges and valleys that include streams and plunges into the sea with steep cliffs, here and there interrupted by short sandy coasts. The coastal and inland towns contribute to the beauty of the landscape, rich in historical and artistic evidence from the Middle Ages. At the same time, urban agglomerations expanded, almost unique examples of adaptation to difficult environmental conditions. The study aims to analyze the natural and anthropogenic components of the whole, today.
    Keywords: Amalfi Coast ; Road ; Valley of the mills ; cave ; Amalfi villages ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter The Writing of County Histories in Early Modern England (2024)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: The writing of county history in England experienced its first boom from the 1570s to the 1650s, during which time a series of outstanding county histories were written, including William Lambarde’s Perambulation of Kent, William Burton’s Description of Leicestershire and William Dugdale’s Antiquities of Warwickshire. All these works are manifestations of the phenomenon of ‘county history writing by the gentry’. County histories are primarily about local place names and famous persons, but also give accounts related to rivers, mountains, land, architecture, real estate, family clans, regional customs and histories. This essay illustrates the sociocultural phenomenon of ‘county history writing by the gentry’ in the view of the formation of the nation state, and aims to demonstrate the significance and value of the writing of county histories by gentlemen, from the perspective of the ‘community of county gentry’.
    Keywords: Early Modern England ; Gentry ; Historiography ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter A composite indicator to measure regional investment policies on R&D and innovation (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: The aim of this work is to illustrate the application of a tool to monitor regional smart specialization strategies, a place-based european approach characterised by the identification of strategic areas for intervention on r&s and innovation as a driving factor for development and territorial competitiveness. Therefore a new classification of enterprises has been defined, that represents all the dimensions of smart specialization, such as innovation, r&s, human capital, business relations, environmental sustainability, ability to drive the territorial development. This work introduces the results of a composite indicator on the microdata of the italian business census 2019, integrated with Istat business registers, identifying a score for each individual enterprises, rather than on aggregates (e.g. territorial). The idea is to have a synthetic value on microdata in order to calculate indicators on aggregates, for example on economic activities of enterprises, defined with respect to new policy needs. The results provide indications of potentials and strategic development trajectories of regional economies. The methodology adopted offer different opportunities for analysis: it’s possible to evaluate the areas of smart specialization chosen by each Italian region for the coesion funds' 2021-2027 planning, which dimensions are stronger or weaker on each area, in order to give indications on investments and intervention priorities. It's possible to get an objective analysis of the region or country current situation in terms of research, innovation, industrial structures, skills and human capital. The output of this work is presented through different dashboards of outcome indicators for the Italian smart specialization areas at the regional or national level.
    Keywords: Composite indicator ; Innovation ; R&S ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter The Creation of Two Ethnographic Identities: The Cases of the Ostrogoths and the Langobards (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-03
    Description: The aim of this paper is to analyse two ethnographic identities constructed for two barbarian peoples – the Ostrogoths and the Langobards. As I try to argue, the first identity was constructed to show that the Ostrogoths were a civilized people and a better version of the Romans, and moreover, this identity communicated that the Ostrogoths could not be called a barbaric and savage people. Theoderic the Great’s propagandists tried to present the Ostrogothic warriors as defenders of the Roman World. The second identity – constructed for the Langobards – presented them as a people who embodied the very antithesis of their main enemies c. 660: the Franks and the Romans. The origin of the Langobards and the genesis of their ethnic hallmark, i.e. the long beards, were presented as signs of distinction or limitic structures which communicated non-romanitas of this people.
    Keywords: Early Middle Ages ; Late Antiquity ; Ostrogoths ; Langobards ; Theoderic the Great ; Origo gentis Langobardorum ; Ethnographic Identity ; Barbarians ; Civilization ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Singapore in Global History (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This important overview explores the connections between Singapore's past with historical developments worldwide until present day. The contributors analyse Singapore as a city-state seeking to provide an interdisciplinary perspective to the study of the global dimensions contributing to Singapore's growth. The book's global perspective demonstrates that many of the discussions of Singapore as a city-state have relevance and implications beyond Singapore to include Southeast Asia and the world. This vital volume should not be missed by economists, as well as those interested in imperial history, business history and networks. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: History ; Sociology ; Economics ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
    Language: English
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    Chapter Kubaba and other Divine Ladies of the Syro-Anatolian Iron Age: Developmental Trajectories, Local Variations, and Interregional Interactions (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Already by the Late Bronze Age, culturally distinct cults of Kubaba existed throughout the region controlled by the Hittite Empire. After the fall of the empire and the fragmentation of the political landscape of the Syro-Anatolian region, these cults persisted in local contexts, developing along their own trajectories, and thus producing hypostases of the goddess with unique roles, modes of expression, and perhaps aliases. However, these local variations did not evolve in a vacuum, but in many cases through a process of interregional and intercultural interactions. This paper will examine these processes along with the resultant expressions of local cults of Kubaba, demonstrating specific trajectories for interactions between neighboring groups, along with selective adaptations and rejections of foreign cultic concepts. Preliminary results suggest an interesting convergence between these cults and certain sociolinguistic boundaries within the region, perhaps connected to communities with shared group identities.
    Keywords: Kubaba ; Iron Age ; Religious contacts ; Syro-Anatolian cults ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    The Making of the Humanities (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: While it is clear that around 1800 the humanities as a discipline rose to prominence, it is less clear what the exact nature of this shift in academia was. Was it a sudden revolution caused by a momentary but powerful change in the zeitgeist or the turning point of a much longer process? In this volume, the editors have selected a series of essays that look at the origins of the humanities and find that long before 1800 the concept of the humanities was already at the fore. The shift around 1800 was thus mostly institutional, not theoretical. The Making of the Humanities traces this new finding through a broad range of disciplines including literary theory, linguistics, art history, and musicology.
    Keywords: History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: English
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    History of Concepts (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Although vastly influential in German-speaking Europe, conceptual history (Begriffsgeschichte) has until now received little attention in English. This genre of intellectual history differs from both the French history of mentalités and the Anglophone history of discourses by positing the concept - the key occupier of significant syntactical space - as the object of historical investigation. Contributions by distinguished practitioners and critics of conceptual history from Europe and America illustrate both the distinctiveness and diversity of the genre. The first part of the book is devoted to the origins and identity of the field, as well as methodological issues. Part two presents exemplary studies focusing either on a particular concept (such as Maurizio Viroli's 'Reason of the State') or a particular approach to conceptual history (e.g. Bernard Scholz for literary criticism and Terence Ball for political science). The final, most innovative section of the book looks at concepts and art - high, bourgeois and demotic. Here Bram Kempers discusses the conceptual history of Raphael's frescos in the Stanza della Segnatura of the Vatican; Eddy de Jongh examines the linguistic character of much Dutch genre painting; and Rolf Reichardt considers the conceptual structure implicit in card games of the French Revolution, used to induct those on the margins of literacy into the new revolutionary world-view. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Philosophy ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies
    Language: English
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    The Expansion of Tolerance (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This volume about religious tolerance in early modern Brazil comprises two articles. Jonathan Israel, in his contribution, argues that Dutch tolerance in Brazil was unprecedented in the seventeenth century. Catholics and particularly Jews were given freedom of conscience and freedom of private worship in accordance with Dutch guide-lines. Stuart Schwartz, in his article, demonstrates that religious toleration in Dutch Brazil was not exclusively the domain of the Dutch. The Portuguese also widely approved of tolerance at grassroots level, accepting an individual's preference to follow his own path to salvation. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: History ; Religion ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRV Aspects of religion::QRVG Theology
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    Chapter The Centres of Public Power Between the Cities and the Countryside, in the Light of the Recent Archaeology (Italian Peninsula, Late 5th-9th Century) (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: The paper aims to illustrate, especially through the results of recent archaeological studies, the articulation and forms of the centres of public power between the Gothic and the Carolingian periods, in the dialectic between the city as a seat of the institutions and their protagonists, and the countryside, which contains the production centres and controls their resources. We will consider the Italian territory, with a focus on Tuscany, and propose some comparisons with the rest of Europe. An architectural, artistic and topographical resilience emerges. It is probably the consequence of the continuity of a series of elements: the public ownership of particular urban and suburban areas and palaces, as well as of rural strategic sites; the use of languages and models of the Late Roman aristocracy, and the economic impoverishment of the early medieval rulers.
    Keywords: Early Middle Ages ; Late Antiquity ; 5th-9th Century ; Italy ; Tuscany ; Public Power Centers ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter The relation between students’ educational performances and their access test results: a focus on an Italian case (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This paper aims at analyzing the relationship between university performances of freshman students, measured by the University credits (CUs) gathered during the first semester, and the results achieved in T.E.L.E.MA.CO. test, a useful tool for orientation and access to university studies based on solid scientific methodologies, and their social-demographic characteristics. This analysis is useful to understand when and how timely policies and programs can be implemented to avoid losing students, a frequent trend, especially in the first semester of the first year. All the considered students are enrolled at the Economic Department of the University of Genoa. Data provided directly by the Department are analyzed from a descriptive point of view and then a logit model is used to compute the probability of getting at least 15 CUs at the end of the first semester. Furthermore, the paper investigates the existence of a gender gap in mathematics before the beginning of university and after the first exams, based on the score gained in the admission test in the numeracy section (pre-university assessment) and the mark obtained in the mathematics exam (post-university assessment). Finally, this work attempt to explain if the university environment contributes to increase or reduce the gender gap.
    Keywords: Students' performance ; Access test ; Gender gap ; Higher education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Misinformation and disinformation in statistical methodology for social sciences: causes, consequences and remedies (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The present is an introductory summary on the topic of misinformative and fraudolent statistical inferences, in the light of recent attempts to reform social sciences. The manuscript is focused is on the concept of replicability, that is the likelihood of a scientific result to be reached by two independent sources. Replication studies are often ignored and most of the scientific interest regards papers presenting theoretical novelties. As a result, replicability happens to be uncorrelated with bibliometric performances. These often reflect only the popularity of a theory, but not its validity. These topics are illustrated via two case studies of very popular theories. Statistical errors and bad practices are discussed. The consequences of the practice of omitting inconclusive results from a paper, or 'p-hacking', are discussed. Among the remedies, the practice of preregistration is presented, along with attempts to reform peer review through it. As a tool to measure the sensitivity of a scientific theory to misinformation and disinformation, multiversal theory and methods are discussed.
    Keywords: replication crisis ; research evaluation ; p-hacking ; preregistration ; multiverse analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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    Chapter Quality Culture and Innovation in Higher Education (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: The Quality Assurance history and, in general, the building of quality concept have accompanied the humanity history. With the advent of the production systems of the second and third Industrialisations Movement, this meant strengthening the control of products and services. With the end of the last century, more and more quality has affected processes and organisations as a whole. Today, Total Quality Management models cover all sectors of goods and services. Thus, also education systems can have great benefits from the spread of a Quality Culture. The essay aims to trace the history of TQM and shows how it also concerns formal and informal training. It also wants to show how the introduction of Quality Assurance Systems helps to create positive effects at both the micro, meso, macro and mega levels.
    Keywords: Higher Education ; Quality Assurance ; Quality Culture ; Stakeholders ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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    Chapter A Quantitative Analysis of Theonyms and Panthea in the Hittite Cult Inventories (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The riches of the Hittite tablet collections are justly famous for the great mass of information they provide about deities, cult, and religious beliefs all over the Kingdom of Hattusa. The sheer amount of available texts and the fragmented state of many of them pose nontrivial problems for any systematic study of the Hittite religion. Expanding on the digital edition of the so-called cult inventories (CTH 526-530, ca. 450 fragments) and exploiting the potential of the related database, this paper provides for the first time a quantitative analysis of the panthea of local towns in the core area of the kingdom in the Late Empire period. The study is organized in two parts. Part One sets out the methodological basis for the analysis by examining the target corpus in terms of internal consistency, discussing the appropriateness of a distinction between “state” vs. “nonstate” cults both within the perspective of the current discourse on Hittite religion and specifically with regard to its consequences for the proposed analysis, and laying out the analytical principles used in the extraction of the relevant information. Part Two presents selected sets of data, explores ways to interpret and combine them, and investigates their significance for the study of local panthea in the Late Empire. The results are twofold. On the one hand, an innovative picture of the panthea under discussion is obtained, with substantial implications for our understanding of a number of deities, their relationship to each other, and their role within the religious life of provincial communities. On the other hand, the critical scrutiny of the nature and specific traits of the data sample highlights methodological pitfalls in a purely quantitative analysis of Hittite religious texts, and proposes correctives for mitigating their impact, thereby providing a significant case study for future research.
    Keywords: Hittite religion ; ancient Anatolia ; quantitative research ; centre-periphery studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
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    Chapter The Revival of Cassiodorus’ Variae in the High Middle Ages (10th-11th century) (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: This paper is based on a number of reuses of Cassiodorus’ Variae that have been found in notarial documents written in Rome and Lazio between the tenth and eleventh century. Given that the manuscript tradition of the Variae becomes visible only from the twelfth-thirteenth centuries onwards, these reuses are a good starting point to reflect on a specific question: what were the practical and contingent motivations that, in Lazio, stimulated the intellectual elites to research and reuse the Variae? By following an alternative path to that of the manuscript evidence, it is thus possible better to identify the contexts of preservation, circulation, and practical use of the Variae underlying the more evident late medieval revival.
    Keywords: Middle Ages ; 10th-11th Century ; Lazio ; Rome ; Cassiodorus’ Variae ; Medieval notaries ; Legal Renaissance ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter The Digital Transformation of Higher Education: From INTALL Project Results to Practical Implications for the New Normal (2023)
    Firenze University Press | Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The Covid-19 pandemic has shaped every area of our lives in few months, and the consequent effects at personal, professional and organisational level are unprecedented. Specifically, as a consequence of this forced change, Higher Education systems have registered the necessity to transform learning and teaching processes to provide responses to new learners’ needs. The aim of the paper is to present the output of a comparative group discussion of Intall project, and to show how it supports reflection on some practical implication for the New Normal. Reflecting on the output obtained through a comparative group discussion on ‘Re-thinking teaching and learning during the pandemic Covid-19’, the paper wants to present the main issues that the education systems have been facing during the pandemic, and to provide insight into the practical implications for the New Normal in higher and adult education. This paper provides some contributions to the debate on teaching and learning in higher education for the New Normal.
    Keywords: Covid-19 ; Higher/Adult Education ; Learning ; New Normal ; Teaching ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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    Chapter Learning and Teaching in Higher Education in Post-Covid Times: A Digital Transformation (2023)
    Firenze University Press | Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Learning and teaching in higher education can help to face the rapidly changing demands and transformations in social, professional, and individual life. «Digitalisation is not only an additional challenge but also an effective means to address key challenges for higher education in the 21st century» (Rampelt et al. 2019, 6). Digital practices in Higher Education forced by the Covid-19 disruption are challenging educational processes at every level. Digitization is here no longer just about the question of the technical dimension, but, about the structural interweaving and relational co-constitution of the digital with the social, the cultural, and the individual. Here the INTALL@home vision of learning international comparison without being physically mobile – theoretically framed and elaborated in this paper – starts.
    Keywords: Digitalization ; Digitization ; Higher Education ; Online Learning ; Transformation ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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    Chapter Tourism and territorial economy: beyond satellite accounting (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
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    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The tourism sector can be an important factor for the economic development. The increase in the present population, due to tourist flows, also activates a series of other sectors, generating significant economic benefits. At international level, the main tool for this type of evaluation has been identified in satellite accounting, which estimates the value added of the tourism sector, possibly increased by that coming from other similar sectors, obtaining the tourism value added. At European level, satellite accounting is a voluntary exercise for countries, which almost never finds a dimension of territorial detail, limiting itself to the national level. Having an accounting representation at a territorial level, even if only regional, would instead be very useful for both descriptive and forecasting purposes (Input-Output). In order to reproduce the estimates of satellite accounting at a territorial level, it is important to have monetary (tourist expenses) and non-monetary (attendance) variables. For Italy, if counted from the offer side rather than the demand side, these variables are available with at least regional territorial detail. On the other hand, the temporal alignment of this information is different, since tourist spending and tourist presences come from different surveys. However, we could start developing a methodology that starts from the offer, using value added as an accounting approach. The advantages would be important: the statistical information used would in fact be that contained in the Business Register FRAME, with considerable advantages from the point of view of the timeliness and homogeneity of the statistical data. Naturally, the various economic activities must be weighed for their link with tourism sector. This source of information could enjoy also the possibility of having information deriving from electronic invoicing. In this work, an attempt to estimate the tourism value added through the offer side is experimented at the regional level.
    Keywords: Tourism ; Satellite account ; Tourism value added ; Regional level ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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    Chapter Institutional Learning in Higher Education and Graduate Transitions (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The ‘learning exclusion equilibrium’ strategy in Italy also governs young adults’ possibilities of accessing higher education institutions (HEIs) and entering and being successful on the labour market. The upshot of this strategy has been to weaken the social role of universities and open the field to new players promoting new solutions based on stronger teaching and research partnerships. After graduation, young university leavers face a period in which they follow non-linear paths as they try to fit their skills to the labour market demand. For many professions, there has been an immense change in this demand. Now, unlike the past, life skills are considered basic competences for technical professions too. If those lacking these skills enter the labour market later, the problem arises of how to create these competences both during the period of university education and in the following years. Universities have to practise institutional learning and study with those who need knowledge in order to come up with a new strategy so that their graduates can directly manages their relations with the labour market. Knowledge of the situation and development of graduates’ professional lives is needed in order to give academic programmes a new direction and allow students to make an informed choice of which university to enrol in. The European Graduate Tracking Initiative can lead the way towards this goal.
    Keywords: Cooperation and Ecosystem ; Graduate Tracking ; Higher Education ; Institutional Learning ; Life Skills ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Gender INequality Indicator for Academia (GINIA) (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: The main aim of this work consists on a methodological proposal to represent and measure gender inequality in academia, focusing on the University of Padua. In order to reach our goal, we ended up with two different and complementary tools: a system of indicators and a composite indicator, that we called Gender INequality Indicator for Academia (GINIA). Data used to build and compute GINIA in the University of Padua come both from administrative datasets and from an ad-hoc survey, whose data were adjusted by post-stratification weights. Starting from existing indexes described in the literature, the GINIA is articulated into seven domains: work, money, knowledge, time, power, health, and space. These seven domains are better specified and declined through twelve subdomains that are measured by seventeen variables. The composite indicator is the result of the three-step aggregation and weighting procedure: 1) variables are aggregated into subdomains with an arithmetic mean and equal weights; 2) subdomains are aggregated into domains by arithmetic mean with equal weights; 3) domains are aggregated into GINIA indicator by a weighted geometric mean. Indeed, we think that variables related to the same domain can compensate each other, while this consideration is not plausible for domains. Additionally, the weights in the last step are calculated through a preference matrix based on the responses of the respondents about the importance they give to each domain. The indicator can change substantially if we change the methods of weighting or aggregation. Therefore, an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis was undertaken to assess the robustness of the composite indicator as the final step of the analysis with the computation of bootstrap confidence intervals.
    Keywords: Gender equality ; Composite indicator ; Sensitivity analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Between Adoption and Assimilation: The Case of Ištar of Ḫattarina (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: In his investigation of the expansion of the cult of the “deity of the night” in Anatolia and her relationship with Ištar (Studien zu den Boğazköy-Texten 46, 259-439), J. Miller exposed the complexity of a diachronical analysis of the religious phenomenon represented by the diffusion of local “forms” or “aspects” of Ištar during the late Hittite period. However, many relevant issues concerning the role of the goddess in the Hittite dynastic pantheon, heavily influenced by Ḫurrian beliefs, and her presence in local pantheons, are still to be dealt with. As a case study, the present contribution will focus in particular on the goddess Ištar of Ḫattarina, attested together with the “Kanešite gods” Pirwa and Aškašepa in Muwatalli II’s prayer CTH 381. This unusual association may be derived from the interpretation of a local female deity traditionally defined as MUNUS.LUGAL, “queen” in Hittite local pantheons, as a form of Ištar.
    Keywords: Hittite cult ; Hittite religion ; Ištar ; Hittite pantheon ; Local cults ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter The territorialisation of the 2030 Agenda: a multilevel approach (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The United Nations 2030 Agenda increasingly represents a reference point for political planning, as demonstrated by the centrality of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the new cycle of EU policies. According to the European Committee of the Regions, 65% of the Agenda’s objectives will not be achieved without the involvement and coordination of subnational governments. It is therefore necessary for the territories to adapt their programmatic tools in order to make them coherent with European and national programming, through the definition of a methodology capable of conforming the tools of local programming with those defined at the higher territorial levels. The aim of this paper is to present the methodological framework defined by the Italian Alliance for Sustainable Development (ASviS), based on the numerous experiences with local administrations, to support the implementation of multilevel sustainable local development strategies which make territorial planning consistent with the national and the European programming. The basis for correct multilevel programming provides for a mapping of the local context with respect to the 17 SDGs also through the calculation of composite indices, capable not only of summarizing the degree of sustainability of the individual territories for each Goal, but also of comparing the performance between the different realities belonging to higher or lower levels. Based on these results, the public and private stakeholders are involved in identifying quantitative “outcome” objectives, needed to define the commitments of the territories and to monitor the impact of policies with respect to the achievement of the SDGs.
    Keywords: Agenda 2030 ; Multilevel system ; Monitoring system ; Composite indicators ; Sustainable development ; Stakeholder engagement ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Spread of Covid-19 epidemic in Italy between March 2020 and February 2021: empirical evidence at provincial level (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Italy was one of the countries severely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. An analysis of the factors that played a role in the spread of this epidemic is necessary. However, the assessment of which factors may be specific, and which may contribute the most is complex and involves a high degree of uncertainty. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and analyse the statistical associations of the spread of Covid-19 infection with identified spatial context variables (density, old-age index, average temperature, and pollution). For this purpose, the developments from the spatial convergence theory were considered, as well as data from the Italian provinces from March 2020 to February 2021, referring to the first, second and third wave. The hypothesis tested in this study is to investigate the contribution of environmental and demographic factors to the convergence of observed infection rates. Based on panel data of 107 Italian provinces from the first to the third wave, this article uses a spatial autoregressive model (SAR) to analyse the conditional β-convergence of Covid-19 infection rates. The empirical results of this paper show that there is spatial conditional β-convergence in the intensity of infection rates. This means that the contagion in neighbouring areas will affect the contagion in the local area. The age structure and population density of the provinces had a certain promoting effect on the transmission of the infection, depending on the wave analysed. Regarding the observed average temperature, the effects are not very significant and inconsistent. For the first and last wave, the level of pollution is significant in explaining the convergence processes of the infection. We demonstrate that accounting for spatial factors is essential to capture key features of the spread of Covid-19 infection.
    Keywords: Covid-19 ; Italian provinces ; Conditional β-convergence ; SAR model ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Amsterdam Human Capital (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The familiar shape of western cities is changing dramatically. For long times the urban core was taken for granted as the focal point for international contacts and day-to-day activities in the region. Currently, the urban scope is transforming into multi centred forms at metropolitan scale. The transition is not just a matter of spatial form, it is reflecting social, economic and cultural processes. The question is what new identities may develop in such changing historical conditions of space and place.The book is a first attempt to analyse the process of urban transformation in an integral way. The focus is on the region of Amsterdam. All contributions are written by senior researchers of the Amsterdam studycentre for the Metropolitan Environment (AME). AME is the interdisciplinary urban research institute of the Universiteit van Amsterdam.As the urban research institute at the Universiteit van Amsterdam, the Amsterdam studycentre for the Metropolitan Environment (AME) analyses the economic, social and cultural aspects of this spatial transformation, usually in international comparative research. All contributions to this book are written by senior researchers of AME in an attempt to analyse in an integral way the present and future dilemmas out of the historical growth paths of this dynamic city.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Urban Studies ; History ; African Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSD Urban communities ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHH African history
    Language: English
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    Chapter Emotion and Female Authority: A Comparison of Chinese and English Fiction in the Eighteenth Century (2024)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-03
    Description: This essay considers how early modern Chinese romance novels conceive of female agency and how this conception was received by prominent cultural elites in eighteenth-century England. In his notes to Hau Kiou Choaan, the first English translation of a full-length Chinese novel, Thomas Percy referred to the novel’s heroine as a “masculine woman”, displaying a peculiar misreading of its trope of female cross-dressing. The essay argues that the increasing association of women with the private sphere in eighteenth-century English culture is a crucial context to consider when we study the initial spread of Chinese fiction in England.
    Keywords: England ; China ; Eighteenth Century ; Fiction ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter The Role of Adult Learning and Education in (Post-)Covid Times (2023)
    Firenze University Press | Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented disruptions to global education systems, with adult education shifting to a virtual world and relying heavily on digital and ICT tools to maintain continuity of learning. However, the prolonged pandemic raises important questions about the future of adult education. The current essay examines the most significant changes in three key areas of adult education: health, citizenship, and digital technologies. It argues that adult education should not only equip people with the knowledge and skills necessary to navigate a crisis, but also play a proactive role in shaping the future of education and the world. It should critically analyse and challenge mainstream ideas and offer constructive alternatives to proposed solutions.
    Keywords: Adult Education ; Citizenship ; COVID-19 ; ICT in Education ; Paradigm Shift ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Solar Deities in the Kuwattalla Ritual Tradition: Epithets and Functions (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Through the contextual analysis of the occurrences of solar deities in the Kuwattalla ritual texts, we will try to sketch a portrait of these deities, focusing on their functions in the ritual process. Special attention will be paid to the combination of ritual gestures with Luwian incantations, since the latter might help to define the specificities of each member of this divine group.
    Keywords: Luwian ; Hittite ; Sun-deities ; ritual texts ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter Ostrogoths vs. Franks: Imagining the Past in the Middle Ages (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: This introductory essay aims at highlighting some aspects concerning the connections between the Ostrogoths and Franks in the Middle Ages. To this end, cases from different contexts and chronologies have been examined: firstly, Giovanni Villani’s chronicle, which conveys a polarized image of the Gothic and Carolingian worlds; and then some testimonies from the ninth century, that use the Ostrogothic model in connection with the present in a more complex and ambivalent manner. The various interpretations of the Gothic world are linked by a tendency to emphasize historical analogies, that leads to an overall and protracted disinterest in the specific forms of Ostrogothic society and in work that most documents it, Cassiodorus’ Variae.
    Keywords: Middle Ages ; Communal Age ; Carolingian Age ; Florence ; Giovanni Villani ; Walahfrid Strabo ; Cassiodorus ; Franks ; Ostrogoths ; Political Use of History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Privacy and Safety in Online Learning (2023)
    MT Open Press, Middle Tennessee State University | MT Open Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-17
    Description: This collection features essays, case studies, and pedagogical approaches that explore how educators managed the privacy, security, and safety concerns that rushed into our lives as we shifted into emergency remote learning in 2020. While the COVID-19 pandemic brought this concern into focus, privacy issues with online learning continue to exist alongside us and our students. This book provides readers insight into the current state of privacy issues, describes the challenges and rewards of developing more privacy-focused learning environments, and presents several resources and tools that readers can bring to their own teaching practices. Representing a variety of perspectives from K-12, higher education, and libraries, contributors describe the challenges they encountered and offer solutions to help ensure the safekeeping of students’ online lives. How do we navigate these online environments, who collects our data, and how can we protect our most vulnerable populations?
    Description: Published
    Keywords: privacy ; online learning ; educational technology ; digital pedagogy ; emergency remote learning ; COVID-19 ; JNQ ; Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNQ Open learning, home learning, distance education ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UR Computer security::URD Privacy & data protection ; bic Book Industry Communication::Y Children's, Teenage & educational::YQ Educational material::YQT Educational: Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education
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    Chapter The Hittite King as Administrator of the Land (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: In recent years archaeological investigation has made an important contribution for ascertaining the possible relationship between the center of the kingdom, namely the king and his capital city, and the regions at the core of the kingdom in different periods of Hittite history. The empire was not a monolithic entity but a complex web of interactions. In this frame the Hittite king emerges in his several roles. In this study I have chosen to focus on the king’s administrative role and the way in which he was present in the territory through a controlled system of land allocation.
    Keywords: Hittite king ; administration ; land ; economy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
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    Chapter Defining the Hittite “Pantheon”, its Hierarchy and Circles: Methodological Perspectives (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: For the Hittite religion of the “Thousand Gods of Hatti” the scholarship has identified different ways of categorization: State pantheon, Local cults, “circle” and numeric group are the most widely used categories based on several criteria, such as linguistics, geography, and cultural milieu. The present paper aims to better define the state of the question about the hierarchy within the Hittite pantheon on the one hand, and to further investigate the notion of “circle” in the Hittite religion on the other, whose analysis has raised some questions and has led to different interpretations.
    Keywords: Hittite pantheon ; Local cults ; Hierarchical pantheon ; divine groups ; divine circles ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    The Making of the Humanities (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book is the first step towards the development of a comparative history of the humanities. Specialists in philology, musicology, art history, linguistics, literary theory, and other disciplines highlight the intertwining of the various fields and their impact on the sciences. This first volume in the series The Making of the Humanities focuses on the early modern period. Different perspectives reveal how the humanities developed from the 'liberal arts', via the curriculum of humanistic schools, to modern disciplines. The authors show in particular how discoveries in the humanities contributed to a secular world view, pointing up connections with the scientific revolution. The main themes are: the humanities versus the sciences; the visual arts as liberal arts; humanism and heresy; language and poetics; linguists and logicians; philology and philosophy; the history of history. Contributions come from a selection of internationally renowned European and American scholars, including Floris Cohen, David Cram, and Ingrid Rowland. The book offers a wealth of insights for specialists, students, and those interested in the humanities in a broad sense. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter A method based on beach profile analysis for shoreline identification (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Coastal erosion coupled with human-induced pressure has severely affected the coastal areas of the Mediterranean region. In this context, the Pisa coastal plain shows a long history of erosion, which started at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The work aims to provide a method and a software to extract the shoreline position. The algorithm is based on the variation of the topographic beach profile caused by the transition from water to sand. The algorithm is promoted by the release of a QGIS v3.x plugin uploaded on the official repository of the software.
    Keywords: Coastal erosion ; Shoreline Identifier ; Methodology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment
    Language: English
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    Chapter Cartesian and Malebranchian Meditations (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In his Christian and Metaphysical Meditations (1683) Malebranche develops a reflection in which the self discovers in its interiority that the interlocutor able to answer some of its questions is the divine Word. Through references to the Holy Scriptures and to Augustine, Malebranche constructs a meditative itinerary that differs from the one proposed by Descartes, as it moves from the lumière naturelle in the Cartesian sense to the lumière of the Word. In the light of these historical-theoretical data, we propose a reconstruction of the role played by interiority and meditation in certain texts by Malebranche, highlighting the moments in which he appropriated the Cartesian heritage and those in which he distanced himself from Descartes’ philosophical paradigm.
    Keywords: Nicolas Malebranche ; René Descartes ; meditation ; Holy Scriptures ; Augustine ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
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    Chapter Ammonia emissions and fine particulate matter: some evidence in Lombardy (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Lombardy is one of the most polluted regions at the European level, also due to its particular geographical structure and weather conditions which prevent the pollutants’ dispersion, and the high levels of emissions coming from human activities. Recently, some evidence has been found regarding the relationship between agriculture and air quality, particularly between ammonia - produced mainly by the livestock sector - and particulate matter concentrations. In this respect, Lombardy is the first Italian region for agriculture production, having 69% of its area classified as agricultural land and about 245 swine and 92 bovines per rural km2. In the Agriculture Impact On Italian Air project (AgrImOnIA, https://agrimonia.net, funded by Fondazione Cariplo within the framework of Data Science for science and society), we aim to predict continuously in space (i.e. mapping) air pollutants concentrations in Lombardy region, taking into account meteorology, land use and emissions coming from agriculture. In this regard, data integration and harmonization process have been carried out starting from data from different sources and characterized by different spatial and temporal resolutions. The first results are based on spatio-temporal Kriging models, with external drift, and an extension of the traditional random forest algorithm to consider the spatial and temporal correlation. These models will be used to generate scenario analysis which simulates the impact of policy interventions in the agricultural sector to mitigate its environmental impact on air quality.
    Keywords: Spatio-temporal Kriging ; Random Forest ; Predictive modeling ; Air quality ; Agriculture emissions ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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    Chapter Internet use, feeling of unacceptance and Loneliness: immigrants of first and second generation in Italy (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: Introduction Internet has become an essential part of our everyday life and several goals can be achieved through it. While part of the literature on the topic found a positive correlation between loneliness and the use of the internet, other authors found a negative relationship between loneliness and internet use. Objective The aim of our analysis is to investigate the difference in the use of the Internet between immigrants of first- and second-generation in Italy. Data & Methods Using the Survey on Social Condition and Integration of Foreign Citizens conducted by Istat in 2011-2012, we want to estimate, through a Probit estimation model, the impact of socio-economic characteristics on the regularity of using the Internet. The dependent variable is “Internauta” (Dummy: 1 if subject use internet every day; 0 otherwise). Among the explanatory variables, we included the perception of the subjects about their integration in the social framework and their feeling, such as loneliness, or the perception of unacceptance. Results Our results show that the probability of being an “Internauta” increases being male and living in the North or Centre of Italy. Moreover, both of the feelings (feels alone and not accepted) are negatively correlated to the probability of being an Internet user both for First- and Second-Generation immigrants. Second-generation immigrants are more likely to use the internet everyday than the First-generation ones (the difference in predicted probability is equal to 11%). This probability decreases to 0.59, if the second-generation immigrant feels unaccepted in the city where he/she lives, and to 0.71 if he/she fells alone. Conclusion We can conclude that new possibilities offered by “web sociability” or, in general, by the use of the Internet, is negatively correlated to the immigrants’ dissatisfaction that we identify with the perception of integration and sociability in the offline life (Loneliness and Unacceptance).
    Keywords: Internet ; First and Second generation ; Immigrant ; loneliness ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
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    Chapter The Edict Issued by the Hittite King Ḫattušili III Concerning the Priesthood of the Goddess Ištar/Šaušga (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This essay presents an updated edition of the Hittite document KBo 6.29+. This text is a royal edict issued by Ḫattušili III and establishes that the sanctuary of the Goddess Šaušga will be exempted from any levies. The regulations concerning this sanctuary are preceded by a long introduction where the king relates his conflict with Urḫi-Teššob. This presentation can be compared with the narrative on this event that is documented in the ‘Apology.’
    Keywords: Hittites ; Hattusili III ; Royal Decrees. ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Soldiers and Civil Power (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Peace operations became the core focus of many Western armed forces after the Cold War. The wish amongst political and military leaders during the 1990s to hold on to the classical identity of the armed forces as an instrument of force made them pursue a strict separation between military operations and the civilian aspects of peacekeeping, such as policing, administrative functions, and political and societal reconstruction. In his book Soldiers and Civil Power, Thijs Brocades Zaalberg argues that this policy failed to match up to reality. Supporting civil authorities, and at times even substituting them (de facto military governance), became the key to reaching any level of success in Cambodia, Somalia, Bosnia and Kosovo. As a result of the false segregation between the civilian and the military domain, this was accomplished mostly by improvisation and creativity of commanders who probed for the limiting boundaries of their original mandate by reaching ever further into the civilian sphere. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    Chapter Potential risk of gambling products and online gambling among European adolescents (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: he increased availability of gambling opportunities resulting from the progressive liberalisation of the gambling sector coupled with the widespread access to online gambling, is raising concerns regarding adolescents’ participation in gambling and possible increase in problem-gambling. However, the influence of the different gambling products commercialised across countries is less known. This is the first study estimating problem gambling (PG) prevalence and examining the contribution of individual factors and gambling products on gambling engagement and PG development among European adolescents. The study used data from a representative cohort of 16-year-old students (n= 85,000) in 33 European countries participating in the 2019 ESPAD survey. In order to control for self-selection a Heckman probit model is estimated, first controlling for the probability of being gambler and then for the correlated probability of becoming a problem gambler. The influence of individual and country-level factors is estimated on both outcomes, as well as among gamblers using each type of gambling products. Participants who reported stronger family support had lower risk of gambling engagement, whilst friends’ support, lack of school connectedness, low monitoring, higher parental education and access to money increased the risk. At the country-level, the higher diffusion of some gambling products was positively associated with gambling engagement. Once controlling for the influence on gambling engagement, factors that still increase the risk of becoming problem gambler independently from the country of origin were the lack of school connectedness and parental monitoring. Specific gambling products and online games increased PG risk. The influence of such factors on PG development is also analysed among gamblers using each product. Supportive family environments, school connectedness and limited access to money appear to be associated with a lower risk of PG among adolescents. At the country-level, governments should better enforce barriers to underage access to gambling products, particularly online.
    Keywords: Gambling ; Adolescents ; Addiction ; Heckprobit ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Given N forecasting models, what to do? (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press | ASA 2022 Data-Driven Decision Making
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This work evaluates the forecasting performances of different models using data on Italian unemployment and employment rates over the years 2004-2022 at the monthly frequency. The logic of this work is inspired by the series of M-Competitions, i.e. the tradition of competitions organized to test the forecasting performances of classical and innovative models. Given N competing models, only one winner is selected. The types of forecasting models range from the Exponential Smoothing family to ARIMA-like models, to their hybridization, to machine learning and neural network engines. Model combinations through various ensemble techniques are also considered. Once the observational period is split between the training and test set, the estimated forecasting models are ranked in terms of fitting on the training set and in terms of their forecast accuracy on the test set. Results confirm that it does not exist yet a single superior universal model. On the contrary, the ranking of different forecasting models is specific to the adopted training set. Secondly, results confirm that performances of machine learning and neural network models offer satisfactory alternatives and complementarities to the traditional models like ARIMA and Exponential Smoothing. Finally, the results stress the importance of model ensemble techniques as a solution to model uncertainty as well as a tool to improve forecast accuracy. The flexibility provided by a rich set of different forecasting models, and the possibility of combining them, together represent an advantage for decision-makers often constrained to adopt solely pure, not-combined, forecasting models. Overall, this work can represent a first step toward the construction of a semi-automatic forecasting algorithm, which has become an essential tool for both trained and untrained eyes in an era of data-driven decision-making.
    Keywords: Forecasting performances ; M-Competitions ; Model types ; Model ensemble techniques ; Decision-making and forecast accuracy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Educational mismatch and productivity: evidence from LEED data on Italian firms (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: This study aims at evaluating the impact of educational mismatch onto firm-level productivity for a large set of Italian firms. In particular, over (under)-education refers to situations where individual’s educational attainment is higher (lower) than the education required by the job, thereby producing a surplus (deficit) of education. Based on the integration of the LEED (Linked Employer Employee Database) Istat Statistical Register Asia Occupazione – which provides information on workers’ age, professional qualification and educational attainment – and the Istat Frame-SBS Register, we perform an analysis in the spirit of the ORU (Over, Required and Under Education) model proposed by Kampelmann e Rycx (2012). The dataset is based on a large panel of over 55,000 manufacturing and services firms with more than 20 employees, covering the 2014-2019 period. The empirical strategy is based on a two-step procedure: first, ORU indicators are computed at the worker-level; second, we estimate a firm-level productivity (value added per employee) function where the key variables of interest are the ORU indicators collapsed at the firm-level, taking into account both firm and workers characteristics. The productivity function is estimated by GMM-system by Arellano and Bond (1995) e Blundell and Bond (1988). Main results point out that over/under-education affects productivity growth in both manufacturing and services firms: firm’s productivity rises following a one unit increase in mean years of over-education – with spiking results for medium and high-tech manufacturing firms –, whereas a growth in under-education hampers productivity dynamics in high and medium-high tech manufacturing and knowledge-intensive services firms.
    Keywords: Educational mismatch ; Productivity ; Linked Employer-Employee Dataset ; GMM-System ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Population ageing and sustainability in South Tyrol: measuring the economic implications of an ageing society (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press | ASA 2022 Data-Driven Decision Making
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Meeting the challenge of population ageing requires a better understanding of frailty and disability, and appropriate strategies to ensure the resilience of the health and social care system, without destabilising public finances or over-burdening the economy. An increasing life expectancy will primarily affect the health care and the long-term care spending. Countries will face an ongoing challenge to provide care for a heterogeneous population of older adults. Within this context, the current paper is designed to (a) measure the current needs for social care in South Tyrol, (b) identify the local trajectories of health status, disaggregated by age, sex and severity of illness, (c) forecast the health care needs and the healthcare system’s financial sustainability. Demographic forecast data (up to 2050) on population age and sex structure is provided by ISTAT . Health care data for administrative and billing purposes is from the Autonomous Province of Bozen-Bolzano, which are used to study health care delivery, benefits, harms, and costs. Preliminary results show a decrease in the prevalence of individuals receiving home care allowance from 2009 to 2019 for all levels of severity and both for men and women. Overall, greater prevalence occurs at lower levels of health condition severity (levels 1 and 2 over a four points-scale of severity) and after age 75. Historical payments combined with the demographic forecast allow for an estimate of yearly average costs individual recipients (by age, sex, and health condition) as well as for the whole local social system.
    Keywords: Population ageing ; Sustainability ; South Tyrol ; Economic implications ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter «Stilo… memoriaeque mandavi»: Two and a Half Conspiracies. Auctors, Actors, Confessions, Records, and Models (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Conspiracies frustrate contemporaries, historiographers, and historians. This article explores roles, focalization, and confession in three conspiracies related to Italy, from the 6th, 4th, and 9th centuries respectively. The protagonists include Boethius, Silvanus, and Theodulf of Orléans. The main contribution is a philological and historiographical re-evaluation of Theodulf’s role in the revolt of Bernard of Italy against Louis the Pious (817/18), arguing that Theodulf advised Louis about the punishment of the conspirators. Boethius first emerges as a historico-political exemplum (though his Cons.) in Modoin’s rescriptum (Theodulf, C. 73 [820/21]).
    Keywords: Early Middle Ages ; Late Antiquity ; Louis the Pious ; Theodulf of Orléans ; Boethius ; Receptions ; Consolation of Philosophy ; Ammianus Marcellinus ; Silvanus ; Revolt of Bernard of Italy (817) ; Confession ; Conspiracies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Mappae Mundi (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Never before in history was the interaction between people and their natural environment as complex and problematic as it is today. A proliferation of scientific research has yielded valuable insights into various aspects of this interaction from the angle of many disciplines - the natural sciences, the social sciences, archaeology and history, ecological studies. The diversity of approaches has created a need for synthesis, for a study that transcends the boundaries of traditional fields of study. In this volume, authors from various academic backgrounds discuss the relations between human society and its physical environment in the course of history, highlighting a number of significant periods, throughout the world. The last chapter assesses our present situation and prospects for the future in the light of theoretical reflections based on the evidence from the past.
    Keywords: History ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
    Language: English
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    Film Front Weimar (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This first book-length study shows how Germany tried to reconcile the horrendous experiences of the FirstWorld War through the films made in 1919-1933. Drawing on the analysis of twenty-five such films, and covering a wide range of documentaries as well as feature films on the reasons for the outbreak of the war, life at the front,war at sea and the home front, the author sketches out the historical and cultural context, including reviews and censors' reports, in which these films were made and viewed. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Film Studies ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATF Films, cinema ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATJ Television ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies
    Language: English
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    Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This work is the result of the European INTALL Project, International and Comparative Studies for Students and Practitioners in Adult Education and Lifelong Learning (2018-2021). From early September 2018 to the end of August 2021, this project allowed us to build knowhow about some specific issues of adult education. The latest meeting of the INTALL project partners led to a conference about the role of Adult Education Research, during and after Covid-19, and the importance of re-thinking Lifelong and Lifewide Learning for the future. Based on four sections, Innovation and Future Competences in Adult Education Research, Professionalisation in Adult Education, Sustainability, Inclusion and Wellbeing: Topics for Adult Society and Smart Cities and Learning and Teaching in Higher Education in Post-Pandemic Time: A Digital Transformation, the volume represents an opportunity to foster a debate on key issues in the field of Adult Learning and Education across Europe.
    Keywords: Adult Education ; Lifelong Learning ; Lifewide Learning ; Post-Pandemic Time ; Future Competences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Beach macro-litter monitoring on Monastir coastal sea (Tunisia): First Findings (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The macrolitter monitoring was investigated on 3 beaches on Monastir coastal (Palmier, Marina, Karaia) and on Kuriat Island during 4 seasons. The highest abundance and density of macrolitter were recorded on the beaches of Marina (13540 items/100m; 8.49 items m-2) and Karaia (6842 items/100m; 6.11 items m-2) during spring. According to Clean Coast Index, these 2 beaches were classified as extremely dirty whereas Kuriat Island was considered as very clean. Plastic items corresponded to the highest concentration of litter in studied sites and varying between 69% and 89% of total items. Cigarette butts are the most frequent type of debris
    Keywords: Marine Litter ; Beach monitoring ; Monastir Coast ; Kuriat Island ; Mediterranean Sea ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment
    Language: English
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    Chapter Roman Law in the regnum Italiae under the Emperor Lothar I (817‒855): Epitomes, Manuscripts, and Carolingian Legislation (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: “Roman law” could mean very different things in the Carolingian period, and refers to a great variety of legal texts. This becomes particularly visible from the abbreviated versions of Roman law that were produced and circulated since the 6th century. The paper contrasts the so-called Epitome Aegidii, a Gallic compilation based on the Breviary of the Visigothic King Alaric II, with the so-called Epitome Iuliani, a short version of the novels of the Emperor Justinian, as both abbreviated compilations were used in the regnum Italiae under the Frankish Emperor Lothar I for legislation and legal practice. Both compilations attest to different aspects of the Roman legal tradition, and to the divergent purposes of the Frankish rulers when trying to make use of Roman law. Surprisingly, we also find elements of Ostrogothic law incorporated into what was perceived of in Carolingian Italy as the manifold resources of the Roman legal tradition.
    Keywords: Early Middle Ages ; Lothar I ; Roman Law ; Edictum Theoderici ; Capitulary Legislation ; Legal Pluralism ; Legal Manuscripts ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter The Administration of Sacred Time in Hittite Anatolia (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: The nature of the administration of sacred time in Hittite Anatolia represents a complex problem, which has received little attention until recent years. This paper provides an overview of the topic, reconsidering the Hittite religious calendar as a whole and analysing some of the main issues connected with the Hittite calendrical system, such as the problem of the beginning of the year, the lunar nature of the Hittite month and the alleged existence of a system of intercalation.
    Keywords: Hittite Religion ; Cult calendar ; Hittite seasonal festivals ; Sacred time ; Lunar cycle ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    The Company that Changed Itself (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The role of industrial research in the development of the company that sponsors it is an essential question. This book takes up this question in an historical perspective with a case study of the Dutch chemical company DSM, a company that transformed itself three times over the course of its long history. The case study and its analysis offer a fresh perspective on the history of industrial research. Arjan van Rooij works as a researcher at the Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: History ; Economics ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Renascent Empire? (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Based on extensive archival research in Portugal, India, England, and France, this work provides the first monographic study of a crucial, yet hitherto ignored period in the history of Portugal's Asian empire: the years ca. 1640-1683. Ames' revisionist work demonstrates that, contrary to the tradition-al view of the inevitable decline and stagnation of the Estado da India after ca. 1640, these were years of innovative and dynamic reform which brought about the geo-political and economic stabilization of Portuguese Asia by 1683. The book details this fundamental shift in Crown policy toward Asia as initiated by Prince Regent Pedro of Braganza (1668-1702) and carried out most effectively by Viceroy Luis de MedonHa Furtado e Albuquerque. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history
    Language: English
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    Chapter Trust and security in Italy (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Starting from 2018, the European University Institute’s European Governance and Politics Programme developed an international survey in order to monitor the development of Solidarity in Europe. The text of the survey changed across the four available waves, but there were sections remained unchanged over the years, that is the ones concerning security (how secure or insecure do you feel about each of the following areas?) and trust in national government and European Union (how much do you trust … to make things better in the following area?). The interesting thing in these three sections is that they are composed of the same 10 areas (items) on a 4 point Likert scale. The data are not longitudinal, given that the subjects changes at each time span, so the four waves can be considered together, and Differential Item Functioning (DIF) across time can be used as a tool to investigate, for each area, if and how the difficulty to feel secure or to trust significantly changes over time. This use of DIF analysis if far from its common use, which is connected with the assessment of the validity of a scale, given that it tests the invariance of an item with respect to the characteristics of the subjects (a typical example is the gender). The focus is on Italy. Moreover, applying the Rating Scale Model (RSM), which is a model belonging to the Rasch family of models, it is possible to study the evolution of the perceived security and owned trust, analysing the distance between the estimated mean of each latent trait and the mean item difficulty, which was set to zero. It is not possible to compare directly the different distributions over the years because the measures obtained from the RSM are on the logit scale, which is an interval scale.
    Keywords: Differential Item Functioning ; Rating Scale Model ; Trust ; Security ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Music of the Twentieth Century (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Ton de Leeuw (1926-96) is probably one of the most influential composers at the crossroads between Eastern philosophy and Western technique. A one-time pupil of Olivier Messiaen's in Paris, throughout the latter years of his musical career he concentrated on the marriage of Western emphasis on action and tension, and the ethical function of music in Eastern traditions. The musical world of the twentieth century is a divided one. Numerous histories of it have been written, but few of the exceptional quality of de Leeuw's, who brought into his writing a lifetime of experience as a composer and scholar of music. His work is a lucid and impassioned discussion of the elements, structures, compositional principles and terminologies in modern music that can be regarded as most innovatory. This book is an excellent guide for anyone wishing to gain knowledge of the compositional technique and mentality, particularly university and conservatory students. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Music ; History ; General Science ; Art & Art History ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AG The Arts: treatments and subjects::AGA History of art ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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    Chapter Professionalisation of Adult Education in Slovenia from a Multi-level Perspective (2023)
    Firenze University Press | Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The adult education (AE) research community emphasise the importance of well-qualified personnel working in the field of AE. However, the field is facing with challenges achieving this aim. This chapter research professionalisation of AE from a multi-level perspective in one European Union member state – Slovenia. Based on empirical data from Slovenia, the chapter argues that coordination at three levels is important: at the national level, professionalisation is strengthened by state policies and regulations; at the organisational level, the professional development of adult educators is supported by organisations; and at the individual level, the focus is on professional knowledge and strengthening the professional identity of adult educators.
    Keywords: Adult Educators ; Professionalisation of Adult Education ; Slovenia ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Solar and Chthonic Deities in Ancient Anatolia: The Evolution of the Chthonic Solar Deity in Hittite Religion (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The “Sun-goddess of the earth” and the less clearly defined category of “chthonic solar deities” of Hittite religion have been the objects of various studies in recent years. This paper aims to examine the significance of these categories of deities within the Hittite festival texts. Although the Sun-goddess of the earth achieves some prominence in local cult contexts, such as at Zippalanda and Nerik, she otherwise remains a marginal deity. This contrasts with her general significance in Hittite magical rituals. The chthonic solar deities represent a less tangible deity type that is associated with death and the netherworld, but that also does not attain overarching significance in the Hittite state pantheon. Finally, the paper addresses the question, to what cultural milieu can we trace the beginnings of the Sun-goddess of the earth? Efforts to identify her origins in the Hattian milieu of north-central Anatolia will be critiqued, favoring the Luwian milieu instead as the most likely from which the tradition of the Sun-goddess emerged, and later flourished in the magical traditions especially that became widespread in Hittite society of Late Bronze Age Anatolia.
    Keywords: Hittite religion ; Anatolian religion ; chthonic deities ; solar deities ; festivals ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    ASA 2022 Data-Driven Decision Making (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-10
    Description: This volume collects the contributions presented at the conference “Data-driven Decision Making” organized by the Italian Association for Applied Statistics, held in Genoa from 12 to 14 September 2022. The papers cover a broad range of topics, with a common thread: the use of statistical methods to support decision-making both in public administrations and in private companies.
    Keywords: Applied Statistics ; Decision making ; Evaluation of Educational Systems ; Health and well-being ; Industrial risk ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter The King Tutḫaliya IV, the Eflatunpınar Monument, and the River of the Watery Abyss (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: In recent years, several studies have focused on the interpretation and possible function of the so-called Hittite landscape monuments. For many of these monuments, a connection with the sphere of religion and cultic celebration has been suggested, especially taking into account the possible sanctity of their location, often connected to mountains, rocky outcrops, and water. The landscape monuments would in this sense represent a form of immaterial appropriation of the landscape by the Hittite king, the elites, or, in some cases, local rulers, and would play a specific role in the transmission of messages aimed at consolidating identity and/or spreading consensus. This contribution aims to provide further elements of discussion on the subject, and particularly on the use of landscape monuments as the scene of public events, through a (re)examination of some characteristics of the so-called sacred pool of Eflatunpınar, its possible connection with cult celebrations, and the identity of the ruler that sponsored its construction.
    Keywords: Hittite monuments ; Eflatunpınar ; purulli ; Tutḫaliya IV ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    A Dutch Republican Baroque (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: In the Dutch Republic in the Baroque era, two aesthetic formal modes, theater and drama, were dynamically related to two political concepts, event and moment. The Dutch version of the Baroque is characterized by a fascination with this world regarded as one possibility out of a plurality of potential worlds. It is this fascination that explains the coincidence in the Dutch Republic, strange at first sight, of Baroque exuberance, irregularity, paradox, and vertigo with scientific rigor, regularity, mathematical logic, and rational distance. In giving a new historical perspective on the Baroque as a specifically Dutch republican one, this study also offers a new and systematic approach to the interactions among the notions of theatricality, dramatization, moment, and event.
    Keywords: History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history
    Language: English
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    Chapter Internationalisation in Higher Education: A Virtual Adult Education Academy in Times of COVID-19 (2023)
    Firenze University Press | Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: COVID-19 calls for new ways of approaching internationalisation in adult learning and education. Based on experiences gathered during the 2021 virtual Adult Education Academy, this paper identifies challenges in international virtual learning settings in higher education. Such settings involve different levels of digital literacy among participants and moderators, limited access to high-speed internet, different time zones, and difficulties in social interactions. The article presents the didactical and methodological conceptualisation of a virtual setting to overcome these challenges. The concept involves facilitating exchanges between moderators, providing technical support, implementing (a-)synchronous sessions, and establishing a virtual space in which learning materials are created.
    Keywords: Adult Education Academy ; Adult Learning and Education ; COVID-19 ; Internationalisation ; Virtual Learning Setting ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    The Drawing of the Mark of Cain (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Antisemitism is an exceptional historical phenomenon. Its history goes back at least 2000 years and has manifested itself in many countries and in a wide range of societies. However, it is not a universal phenomenon. Many countries have no tradition of anti-Semitism and even in those where anti-Semitism periodically raises its head, there have been long periods where it appears to have lain dormant. But it has never altogether disappeared, and all the large-scale social changes of the past two millennia have given it extra impetus. This definitive study tackles the complex roots and manifestations of anti-Semitism over the centuries, tracing the rise of anti-Jewish stereotypes and the circumstances in which racial prejudice may have tragic concequences. This book will quickly become a classic text for students and researchers in this persistent and worldwide prejudice. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: History ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSR Social groups: religious groups and communities
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    Chapter Conclusions (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: The research on the influence of the memory of the Goths and Theoderic on Carolingian rule, particularly in Italy, is just beginning. The first promising results, presented in the volume, on the knowledge of the Variae and Theoderic’s Edict in the Carolingian and post-Carolingian period are highlighted, as well as the possible developments of comparative research on the origines gentium or on the various histories that circulated in the writings of the authors of the Carolingian period. Finally, bearing in mind the role of cultural mediator played by Paul the Deacon, the importance of the Lombard phase in the transmission of the memory of Ostrogothic rule to the Carolingians emerged, through a parallel between the actions of Aistulf and Charlemagne.
    Keywords: Early Middle Ages ; Carolingian Italy ; Cassiodorus’ Variae ; Late Roman Laws ; Ostrogothic Memory ; Lombard Heritage ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter Use of mixed study techniques in the evaluation of coastline dynamics - the “Porto Cesareo” MPA case of study (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The rise of the mean sea level is affecting negatively the entire coastal system, mainly due to the increase of the erosive phenomenon along the shorelines. We studied the erosion of a well knows tract of coastline, in a highly anthropized area, located inside an Italian Marine Protected Area. The methodology is based on mixed survey technics, drones aero photogrammetry surveys, aerial images acquired by the Italian Military Geographic Institute, elaboration of paleo-shorelines related to underwater archaeological markers, and on the elaboration of Sentinel-2 satellite products.
    Keywords: Remote sensing ; Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems ; Paleoshoreline ; Multi-year surveys ; Coastal erosion ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment
    Language: English
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    Chapter Humors, Passions, and Consciousness in Descartes’s Physiology: The Reconsideration through the Correspondence with Elisabeth (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: By pushing Descartes to more clearly explain the union of body and soul beyond the functioning of a ‘strong’ passion, namely sadness, Elisabeth wants Descartes to review his idea of the passions, and his understanding of the ‘theory of the four humors’. This chapter aims at showing that Descartes turns away from Galen’s theory of the humors, which he globally adopts in the 1633 Treatise of Man. With the shift in his conceptualization of the humors between this Treatise and the Treatise of the Passions (1649), Descartes analyzed more specifically the inner feelings, consciousness, and the passions, by considering that a man is not simply a body, but a psychophysical being, with a body and a soul.
    Keywords: René Descartes ; Elisabeth of Bohemia ; passions ; humors ; animal spirits ; consciousness ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Language: English
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    Chapter Consciousness without Existence: Descartes, Severino and the Interpretation of Experience (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Consciousness is connected with the fact that a subject is aware and open to the manifestation of whatever appears. Existence, by contrast, is used to express the fact that something is given in experience, is present, or is real. Usually, the two notions are taken to be somehow related. This chapter suggests that existence is at best introduced as a metaphysical (or meta-experiential) concept that inevitably escapes the domain of conscious experience. In order to illustrate this claim, two case studies are considered. The first case is provided by Descartes’s famous treatment of consciousness and existence in his Meditations on First Philosophy. The second case is meant to contrast the Cartesian approach by taking the opposite route, as delineated by Emanuele Severino (1929–2020) in his ‘fundamental ontology’.
    Keywords: René Descartes ; Emanuele Severino ; consciousness ; existence ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Language: English
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    Chapter Mercury concentrations and transfers in phyto- and zooplankton communities in a coastal Mediterranean ecosystem (bay of Toulon, France) (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Plankton is critical in contaminants transfer but its role in mercury’s is to be investigated. The objective was to characterize the plankton continuum’s taxonomy, trophic organization and mercury levels. Bacteria, pico-, nano- and zooplankton were more abundant in the LiB and phytoplankton in the LaB. Mercury levels were higher in the LiB. Contrarily to standard mercury biomagnification pattern in higher trophic levels, the smaller size classes presented higher mercury concentrations decreasing while size increased followed by an inversion of the trend between the two largest size classes.
    Keywords: Planktonic compartment ; Mercury levels ; Mercury tranfers ; Trophic tranfers ; Mediterranean Sea ; Coastal ecosystem ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment
    Language: English
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    Chapter The Court and Administration of Karkemish in the Late Bronze Age (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The purpose of this paper is to update the study and analysis of the administration of Karkemish during the final phase of the Hittite kingdom. The first introductory part outlines previous contributions and results. The second part presents the updated lists of princes and officials belonging to the court of Karkemish. The third part attempts to place princes and officials in chronological order (according to the different periods of reigns). Lastly, the fourth part provides an in-depth prosopographic analysis regarding some important or interesting officials.
    Keywords: Karkemish ; princes ; officials ; Late Bronze Age ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter Captured Glimpses of Modernity and War in Late Qing China (2024)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This chapter evaluates the role of photography in witnessing the modernising process in China during the late Qing period and conflicts which stemmed from it. The camera, introduced in China during the First Opium War (1839–1842), allowed Western eyes to record the establishment of trade routes and associated facilities. The photos examined here were taken immediately before and during the Russo-Japanese War. The photographs appear to have been focusing on technological developments in trade infrastructure, but they also captured the conspicuous Japanese and Russian military presence. Consequently, the photographs reveal the Western role in the “development” of China by its incorporation into global trading networks and violent conflicts fought over control of this infrastructure.
    Keywords: Photography ; China ; Russo-Japanese War ; Infrastructure ; Trade ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Chapter Interventions for non-self-sufficiency – Focus on care and social policies in South Tyrol (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: Background: A growing body of scientific literature points to the consequences of various factors related to housing status on the well-being of individuals, particularly the elderly. This project aims to develop models that guarantee high-quality care for older people living in the province of Bolzano based on quantitative data analysis. Current changes within the family structure make it increasingly necessary to find new answers to the needs of the elderly. Based on these assumptions, we will investigate which support options encourage older people to live longer in their own homes. Methods: The sample is characterized by individuals residing in South Tyrol, living in their own homes and over 60 years of age. A 14-page questionnaire was administered in 2020 in German and Italian to 536 individuals. Utilizing a latent class model, we first tried to identify which factors act as resources and which as barriers for older people. In addition, using a quantile model, we investigated some aspects of satisfaction with the neighbourhood, measured with a 10-point scale. Results: The study shows that architectural barriers and harmful sanitary conditions are negatively associated with housing satisfaction. At the same time, social activities, a good relationship with the neighbourhood and safe living conditions act as resources. The role of neighbours and voluntary work increase housing satisfaction and ensure that older people stay in their homes as long as possible, playing a crucial role in this respect. With regards to the satisfaction with the neighbourhood, we can observe that the effect tends to be much stronger and more negative for individuals with an overall low neighbourhood frequency. Discussion: as in previous research, the objective indicators showed a more significant impact, while the positive results regarding some subjective factors deserve further investigation.
    Keywords: Non-self-sufficiency ; Care and social policies ; Housing satisfaction ; South Tyrol ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter Are Italian youngsters adequately equipped for an after-pandemic upswing? (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: Are Italian youngsters adequately equipped for an after-pandemic upswing?All over the world young people seem to be particularly dazed by the Covid-19 pandemic. Indeed, they were touched just lightly by the disease, though the isolation due to the distancing need and the remote learning mode may be the sources of depressive ailments and other psychological distresses. In this paper we analyse the data collected through a survey conducted in the second half of 2021 among a convenience sample of Italian adults. The survey was aimed at highlighting how Italians experienced the pandemic and the way they perceived their futures. About one third of the sample was below 35 and we consider them the young. Most of them were students, a few worked, some were looking for a job. The analysis of the collected data shows that so many young Italians were disturbed by the pandemic, even though the sanitary impact of the disease on them was much less relevant than other age classes. Among the youngsters, the depression and anxiety rates was significantly higher than other adults, the perception of a future role was limited to them and their potential resources for future life was also jeopardized. The possible causes of the reduction capacity among young adults was scouted through a multivariate statistical analysis. It showed that the perception of personal difficulties is correlated to a feeling of uncertainty for their future roles, to a pressure over their social-economical and personal resources to face their future and to a sort of apathy that could limit their pro-activeness.
    Keywords: Youngsters ; Depression ; Future ; Apathy ; Proactive ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Armed Batavians (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Using a life-cycle model for Roman soldiers, Johan Nicolay interprets the large quantity of first-century finds as personal memorabilia brought home by ex-soldiers as a reminder of their twenty-five years of service and a symbol of their newly-acquired veteran status. Underpinning Nicolay's research is an extensive inventory of militaria from urban centers, rural settlements, rivers, and graves-presented in nearly one hundred individual color plates. Introducing a considerable body of unpublished data, as well as offering a perspective on daily life in the northern frontier of the Roman Empire, this volume is a valuable addition to Roman military and material history.
    Keywords: History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history
    Language: English
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    Chapter The forgotten nautical astronomical instruments (2023)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Astrology and meteorology have always had great importance for agriculture and navigation. They are described some measuring and forecasting instruments which, in the past, had a moderate success to navigate the Mediterranean, but they were forgotten because they were supplanted by other more reliable instruments in oceans. We refer to: parapegma, (made when meteorology was still a particular aspect of astrology); a calculator for determining the position of stars; instruments to establish position of a ship with respect to the Sun or the North Pole and to determine ships direction and speed
    Keywords: Nautical astronomical instruments ; Parapegma ; History of Technology ; Mediterranean sailing ; Meteorological Instruments ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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    Dealing with Disasters from Early Modern to Modern Times (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Disasters are as much cultural as natural phenomena. For centuries, news about catastrophic events has been disseminated through media such as chronicles, pamphlets, newspapers, poems, drawings, and prints. Nowadays, we are overwhelmed with news about the cataclysmic effects of recent forest fires, floods, and storms. Due to the ongoing climate crisis, extreme weather events will likely have ever greater impacts on our lives. This volume addresses cultural representations of catastrophes such as floods, epidemics, and earthquakes over the centuries. In the past as now, artists and authors try to make sense of disasters, grasp their impact, and communicate moral, religious, or political messages. These creations reflect and shape how people learn and think about disasters that occur nearby or far away, both in time and space. The parallels between past and present underline how this book contributes to modern debates about cultural and creative strategies in response to disasters.
    Keywords: History ; Language & Literature ; Environmental Science ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNR Natural disasters
    Language: English
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    Chapter Application of the guidelines of the Agency for Digital Italy guidelines and CSA Star self-assessment: A Docustar case study (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press | ASA 2022 Data-Driven Decision Making
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The paper shows the new particularly rigorous regulatory context introduced by the entry into force of the AGID guidelines with reference to the application of the Italian digital administration code on the formation, management and storage of electronic documents. In this regard, a concrete case study of the innovative software Docustar is presented, developed by the innovative SME Stella All in One, an ISO 27001:2013 certified company. The cloud software implemented in this way represents a real revolution both in terms of digital rights management of documents, but also in terms of AGID compliance. In addition, being a cloud software intended for use by the public administration, the system perfectly meets the requirements of the CSA Star Self-Assessment, another focal point together with the ISO 27001 standard to ensure the security of information on application systems.
    Keywords: ISO 27001 ; information security system ; AGID compliance ; CSA star ; digital public administration ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    South Asian Partition Fiction in English (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: South Asian Partition Fiction in English: From Khushwant Singh to Amitav Ghosh explores a significant cross-section of South Asian fiction in English written on the theme of Partition from the mid-1950s to the late 1980s, and shows how the Partition novel in English traverses a very interesting trajectory during this period - from just 'reporting' the cataclysmic event to theorizing about it. The six novels selected for study (Train to Pakistan, A Bend in the Ganges, Ice-Candy-Man, Clear Light of Day, Midnight's Children, and The Shadow Lines) show that, essentially, three factors shape the contours and determine the thrust of the narratives - the time in which the novelists are writing; the value they attach to women as subjects of this traumatic history; and the way they perceive the concept of the nation. "By a fresh reading of six novels that are representative of the various perspectives on the Partition of the subcontinent, and placing them in a larger historical and literary context, dr. Roy's book fills an important lacuna in current criticism, and does it convincingly." - Peter Liebregts, Professor of Modern Literatures in English, Leiden University "In this thoughtful and thoroughly readable book, Rituparna Roy looks at fictional representations of the cataclysmic birth-pangs of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, and indicates how literary envisionings mesh in with reportage, historiography, nationhood, femininity and personal identity." - Subir Dhar, Professor of English Literature, Rabindra Bharati University (RBU), Kolkata This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Language & Literature ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism
    Language: English
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    Chapter Sustainable development goals: classifying European countries through self-organizing maps (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: Environmental sustainability is one of the main goals of all countries in the world. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have been proposed by the United Nations in 2015. The purpose of this paper is to explore if and how European countries achievethe goals of environmental sustainability (tracked by the SDGs number 13, 14, and 15). In particular, SDG 13 refers to climate change and its impacts; SDG 14 refers to the conservation of water and marine resources while the last one; SDG 15 deals with the preservation of forests. The reference methodology of the paper are the Self-Organizing Maps proposed by Kohonen in 1982 as an unsupervised clustering method in the framework of artificial neural networks. The proposed analysis considers the 23 indicators related to the three SDGs of environmental sustainability and aims to explore and identify groups of countries with similar characteristics through a dimensionality reduction. Such clusters will be visually represented in a two-dimensional map. The proposed analysis considers the most recent data for all the above SDGs, which is 2018, with the aim of classifying the countries in terms of environmental sustainability and highlighting possible implications for policymakers. An analysis of the network accuracy is shown, using appropriate indicators. These results allow us to see which countries have achieved these goals and how they have deviated from them.
    Keywords: Environmental Sustainability ; Artificial Neural Networks ; Self-Organizing Maps ; Sustainable Development Goals ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter On the utility of treating a vineyard against Plasmopara viticola: a Bayesian analysis (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press | ASA 2022 Data-Driven Decision Making
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Plasmopara viticola is the causal agent of the downy mildew, the most severe disease of grapevines. In order to prevent and/or mitigate the plant disease, fungicide treatments are often required, despite the presence of side effects on the environment and the potential hazard for human health in case of prolonged exposition. The choice of proper treatments and optimal scheduling is the key to managing downy mildew in an eco-friendly way. Plasmopara viticola’s growth depends on meteorological variables, like temperature and rain, plant’s genotype, the degree of exposition to oospores and soil conditions. Field measurements are expensive both for the high cost of oospore sensors and for the need of meteorological sensors describing the microclimate around each plant. Whatever the amount of information gathered from sensors of a vineyard, a decision must be taken, e.g. according to the predicted probability of infected leaves (and grapes) and considering side effects like the impact of a chemical treatment on the soil and on biodiversity. A multi-attribute utility function on variables describing future consequences of a decision may be defined by following the assumptions of utility independence and preferential independence. The inherent uncertainty is described by a Bayesian prior-predictive distribution where prior are elicited from experts, and eventually updated using available data. The resulting optimal decision is defined as the argument that maximises the expected value of the utility function. The proposed utility function may be tuned to match the individual preference scheme of the winegrower and eventually extended to include further variables like those describing the quality and yield of grapes.
    Keywords: Optimal decision ; Precision agriculture ; Phytopathogen ; Sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter New perspectives for the quality of sub-municipal data with the Italian permanent population and housing census (2023)
    Firenze University Press, Genova University Press | ASA 2022 Data-Driven Decision Making
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Over the years, official statistics have shown increasing attention to the territory in providing detailed and quality information and, in this sense, the Population and Housing Census has always guaranteed the availability of sub-municipal data useful for decision-making processes in the social, economic and environmental fields. The Istat modernization programme introduced the Permanent Census that, differently from the traditional decennial census essentially drew on collecting data from people, is strongly based on the integration of administrative and sample data, and planned for providing yearly statistical figures. This change requires new methodological and IT architectures. It is a revolution that – on the medium term – is expected to provide more stable and coherent figures at various territorial levels.In this framework, sub-municipal data derives from the integration of the Basic Register of Individuals and the Basic Register of Places. The quality of data depends on the quality of the Registers and the procedures adopted to integrate and elaborate input data. In this regard, Istat is working to improve the geocoding information and linkage procedures. One of the problem encountered is that of non-geocoded units. These are units without an allocation into an enumeration area because of problems in administrative data. Istat has studied a procedure integrating deterministic and probabilistic approaches for assigning the enumeration area to those critical units. An experimental study is carried out to evaluate the quality of the imputation procedure. In this paper, we discuss the approach adopted, the evaluation process, the results obtained and the impact on the quality of the data and the spatial analyses that can be carried out.
    Keywords: population census ; administrative data ; statistical registers ; geo-coding ; enumeration area ; missing data ; data quality ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    How Welfare States Care (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: A social revolution has taken place in Europe. Women's employment patterns changed drastically the last decades. But they are still different across Europe. Welfare state scholars often presume that diversity and change in women's employment across Europe is based on financial (dis) incentive structures embedded in welfare states. This book shows, by in depth analyses of women's (and men's) employment and care patterns as well as child care services, taxation, leave schemes and social security in four different welfare states (the UK, the Netherlands, Denmark and Belgium) that this logic does not hold. A mother is not primarily the homo economicus welfare state scholars tend to presume. 'to work or to care 'is above all a moral predicament. What explains better the differences in Europe is to place care centrally and analyse welfare states as cultural agents. In the case of caring and paid employment, welfare states send culturally-defined moral images of good-enough caring in the form of ideals of care. An ideal of care implies a definition of what is good care and who gives it. These ideals of care are embedded in welfare states and their regulations, laws and implementation processes. Each welfare state promotes specific ideals of care. Cultural explanations downplay the role of the state too much. Culture, as is shown, is located within rather than outside the welfare state. The welfare state is not only a notary drawing contracts between the state and citizens or a merchant connecting supply and demand, but also a priest. This book shows, by studying care policy in welfare states, that social policy has an impact on women's and men's division of labour and care. But especially when welfare states are not seen as a financial structures only, but as cultural catalysts. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Sociology ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPB Comparative politics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSF Gender studies, gender groups::JBSF1 Gender studies: women and girls
    Language: English
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    Chapter Localizing and Visualizing the Degree of People Crowding with an Omnidirectional Camera by Different Times (2024)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: The Corona Disaster increased the demand for information on the degree of human crowding, as it was essential to balance avoiding restricting behavior and reducing the risk of crowding. Although there are many technologies for detecting people using monitoring cameras, the number of cameras installed in a wide area is costly, and coverage is limited. In this study, we propose a method to qualitatively visualize the distribution of people by using images captured by a moving omnidirectional camera from the viewpoint of facility management during regular security patrols. Omnidirectional images are used for both 3D modeling of the target space based on SfM (structure from motion) and person detection/tracking by machine learning. The distribution of people is visualized qualitatively by obtaining the positions of the extracted people on the 3D model of the site and mapping them. The parallel software processing of visitor observation and mapping is expected to be highly cost-effective in terms of implementation and operation. On the other hand, although there are time deviations in the mapping depending on the location, the visualization and the updated time show their usefulness in understanding the distribution of congestion
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; people's congestion ; omnidirectional camera ; SfM (Structure from Motion) ; machine-learning ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology
    Language: English
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