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  • thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy  (9)
  • COVID-19  (5)
  • Firenze University Press  (14)
  • Englisch  (14)
  • Arabisch
  • Japanisch
  • 2020-2024  (14)
  • 1980-1984
  • 2024  (2)
  • 2023  (12)
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  • Englisch  (14)
  • Arabisch
  • Japanisch
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  • 2020-2024  (14)
  • 1980-1984
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  • 2024  (2)
  • 2023  (12)
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  • 1
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    Chapter «Professors of the Street»: Cognitive Justice in Times of ‘Crisis’ (2024)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-03
    Beschreibung: Arundati Roy (2020) states that historically pandemics have forced humans to break with the past and imagine their world anew. This chapter, set in the COVID-19 pandemic, centres the importance of cognitive justice which is an essential part of the struggles for justice against domination. Cognitive justice is used as a lens to explore the case story of Cape Town Together (CTT), which was a response to COVID-19. The social movement was built, bottom up, challenging the deep racial and class divides that are a signature of Cape Town. The concept of ‘professors of the street’ emerged as part of CTT. This concept is explored by locating it within the context of the pandemic and within CTT’s learning/teaching/organising practices. It is argued that ‘professors of the street’ are a provocation to challenge the dominant knowledge hierarchies that prevail – it is a metaphor for the critical importance of grassroots, local knowledge in times of ‘crisis’. The teaching/learning /organising ethos within CTT provided fertile soil for «professors of the street» to emerge as an example of the enactment of cognitive justice within a crisis. The case story offers insights for organising for social-ecological justice in various ‘crisis’ situations.
    Schlagwort(e): Cognitive Justice ; COVID-19 ; Crisis ; Social Movement Learning ; Socio-ecological Justice ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 2
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    Chapter The Role of Adult Learning and Education in (Post-)Covid Times (2023)
    Firenze University Press | Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-08-08
    Beschreibung: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented disruptions to global education systems, with adult education shifting to a virtual world and relying heavily on digital and ICT tools to maintain continuity of learning. However, the prolonged pandemic raises important questions about the future of adult education. The current essay examines the most significant changes in three key areas of adult education: health, citizenship, and digital technologies. It argues that adult education should not only equip people with the knowledge and skills necessary to navigate a crisis, but also play a proactive role in shaping the future of education and the world. It should critically analyse and challenge mainstream ideas and offer constructive alternatives to proposed solutions.
    Schlagwort(e): Adult Education ; Citizenship ; COVID-19 ; ICT in Education ; Paradigm Shift ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 3
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    Chapter Cartesian and Malebranchian Meditations (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: In his Christian and Metaphysical Meditations (1683) Malebranche develops a reflection in which the self discovers in its interiority that the interlocutor able to answer some of its questions is the divine Word. Through references to the Holy Scriptures and to Augustine, Malebranche constructs a meditative itinerary that differs from the one proposed by Descartes, as it moves from the lumière naturelle in the Cartesian sense to the lumière of the Word. In the light of these historical-theoretical data, we propose a reconstruction of the role played by interiority and meditation in certain texts by Malebranche, highlighting the moments in which he appropriated the Cartesian heritage and those in which he distanced himself from Descartes’ philosophical paradigm.
    Schlagwort(e): Nicolas Malebranche ; René Descartes ; meditation ; Holy Scriptures ; Augustine ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 4
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    Chapter Self-examination, Understanding, Transmission: On Becoming a Teacher in Clauberg’s Logica vetus et nova (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: This paper takes a fresh look at Johannes Clauberg’s Logica vetus et nova, in order to try to clarify its nature and character. Differently from prior readings of Clauberg that analyze his philosophy from the point of view of the construction of ‘ontology’, the approach of the present paper sees in Clauberg’s philosophy a late-Humanist work, accentuating his pedagogic and hermeneutical interests. Indeed, in Clauberg’s philosophy, hermeneutics and pedagogy are intrinsically bound together. This, the paper suggests, is supported not only by the concrete subject-matters of his logic, but also by the examination of Clauberg’s milieu and of his sources. Analysis, in this framework, has a strictly hermeneutical usage.
    Schlagwort(e): Johannes Clauberg ; logic ; hermeneutics ; teaching ; pedagogy ; didactics ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 5
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    Chapter System, Hypothesis, and Experiments: Pierre-Sylvain Régis (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: Pierre-Sylvain Régis’s Cartesianism is quite singular in seventeenth-century French philosophy. Though, can we speak of a form of experimental science in Régis’s work? After exploring his notions of ‘system’ and ‘hypothesis’, I will define his position in relation to Claude Perrault, Jacques Rohault, and the Royal Society. I argue, first, that the contrasts which traverse French science are not so much about the use of experiments but about whether or not observational data can be traced back to hypotheses and to a coherent system. Secondly, that we can detect a significant similarity between Boyle’s positions and the views expressed by Perrault and also by Régis. Lastly, that French science, even in its Cartesian version, is much more probabilistic than English experimental philosophy.
    Schlagwort(e): Pierre-Sylvain Régis ; system ; hypothesis ; experimental natural philosophy ; speculative natural philosophy ; Claude Perrault ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 6
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    Chapter Internationalisation in Higher Education: A Virtual Adult Education Academy in Times of COVID-19 (2023)
    Firenze University Press | Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-08-08
    Beschreibung: COVID-19 calls for new ways of approaching internationalisation in adult learning and education. Based on experiences gathered during the 2021 virtual Adult Education Academy, this paper identifies challenges in international virtual learning settings in higher education. Such settings involve different levels of digital literacy among participants and moderators, limited access to high-speed internet, different time zones, and difficulties in social interactions. The article presents the didactical and methodological conceptualisation of a virtual setting to overcome these challenges. The concept involves facilitating exchanges between moderators, providing technical support, implementing (a-)synchronous sessions, and establishing a virtual space in which learning materials are created.
    Schlagwort(e): Adult Education Academy ; Adult Learning and Education ; COVID-19 ; Internationalisation ; Virtual Learning Setting ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 7
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    Chapter Humors, Passions, and Consciousness in Descartes’s Physiology: The Reconsideration through the Correspondence with Elisabeth (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: By pushing Descartes to more clearly explain the union of body and soul beyond the functioning of a ‘strong’ passion, namely sadness, Elisabeth wants Descartes to review his idea of the passions, and his understanding of the ‘theory of the four humors’. This chapter aims at showing that Descartes turns away from Galen’s theory of the humors, which he globally adopts in the 1633 Treatise of Man. With the shift in his conceptualization of the humors between this Treatise and the Treatise of the Passions (1649), Descartes analyzed more specifically the inner feelings, consciousness, and the passions, by considering that a man is not simply a body, but a psychophysical being, with a body and a soul.
    Schlagwort(e): René Descartes ; Elisabeth of Bohemia ; passions ; humors ; animal spirits ; consciousness ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 8
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    Chapter Consciousness without Existence: Descartes, Severino and the Interpretation of Experience (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: Consciousness is connected with the fact that a subject is aware and open to the manifestation of whatever appears. Existence, by contrast, is used to express the fact that something is given in experience, is present, or is real. Usually, the two notions are taken to be somehow related. This chapter suggests that existence is at best introduced as a metaphysical (or meta-experiential) concept that inevitably escapes the domain of conscious experience. In order to illustrate this claim, two case studies are considered. The first case is provided by Descartes’s famous treatment of consciousness and existence in his Meditations on First Philosophy. The second case is meant to contrast the Cartesian approach by taking the opposite route, as delineated by Emanuele Severino (1929–2020) in his ‘fundamental ontology’.
    Schlagwort(e): René Descartes ; Emanuele Severino ; consciousness ; existence ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 9
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    Chapter Localizing and Visualizing the Degree of People Crowding with an Omnidirectional Camera by Different Times (2024)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-07
    Beschreibung: The Corona Disaster increased the demand for information on the degree of human crowding, as it was essential to balance avoiding restricting behavior and reducing the risk of crowding. Although there are many technologies for detecting people using monitoring cameras, the number of cameras installed in a wide area is costly, and coverage is limited. In this study, we propose a method to qualitatively visualize the distribution of people by using images captured by a moving omnidirectional camera from the viewpoint of facility management during regular security patrols. Omnidirectional images are used for both 3D modeling of the target space based on SfM (structure from motion) and person detection/tracking by machine learning. The distribution of people is visualized qualitatively by obtaining the positions of the extracted people on the 3D model of the site and mapping them. The parallel software processing of visitor observation and mapping is expected to be highly cost-effective in terms of implementation and operation. On the other hand, although there are time deviations in the mapping depending on the location, the visualization and the updated time show their usefulness in understanding the distribution of congestion
    Schlagwort(e): COVID-19 ; people's congestion ; omnidirectional camera ; SfM (Structure from Motion) ; machine-learning ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 10
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    Chapter Learning in Cities to Create Sustainable Societies (2023)
    Firenze University Press | Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-28
    Beschreibung: Cities play a leading role in addressing many of the global challenges of the 21st century. They are an important part of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, which assigns them multiple tasks. Cities should be committed to reducing the ecological footprint and to creating solutions that respond in a differentiated way to the challenges and opportunities in different areas of the world. The sustainable development strategies of cities have determined the definition of different urban models, focused on the need to offer citizens well-being and innovation. This contribution presents the model of learning cities (LC), cities that put learning and education at the heart of their strategies. The paper identifies some of the possible strategies to make cities more responsive to the learning needs arising from the recent pandemic crisis.
    Schlagwort(e): City ; COVID-19 ; Governance ; Learning ; Sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 11
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    Chapter The Development of Descartes’ Idea of Representation by Correspondence (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: Descartes was the first to hold that, when we perceive, the representation need not resemble what it represents but should correspond to it. Descartes developed this ground-breaking, influential conception in his work on analytic geometry and then transferred it to his theory of perception. I trace the development of the idea in Descartes’ early mathematical works; his articulation of it in Rules for the Direction of the Mind; his first suggestions there to apply this kind of representation-by-correspondence in the scientific inquiry of colours; and, finally, the transfer of the idea to the theory of perception in The World.
    Schlagwort(e): René Descartes ; representation ; geometry ; perception ; colour ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 12
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    Chapter Foundations of Human and Animal Sensory Awareness: Descartes and Willis (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: In arguing against the likelihood of consciousness in non-human animals, Descartes advances a slippery slope argument that if thought were attributed to any one animal, it would have to be attributed to all, which is absurd. This paper examines the foundations of Thomas Willis’ comparative neuroanatomy against the background of Descartes’ slippery slope argument against animal consciousness. Inspired by Gassendi’s ideas about the corporeal soul, Thomas Willis distinguished between neural circuitry responsible for reflex behaviour and that responsible for cognitively or consciously mediated behaviour. This afforded Willis a non-arbitrary basis for distinguishing between animals with thought and consciousness and those without, a methodology which retains currency for neuroscience today.
    Schlagwort(e): René Descartes ; Thomas Willis ; consciousness ; animal soul ; structure-determines-function principle ; immortality ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 13
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    Chapter Descartes on Selfhood, Conscientia, the First Person and Beyond (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: I discuss Descartes’ metaphysics of selfhood, and relevant parts of contemporary philosophy regarding the first person. My two main concerns are the controversy that surrounds Descartes’ conception of conscientia, mistranslated as ‘consciousness’, and his conception of selfhood and its essential connection to conscientia. ‘I’-thoughts give rise to the most challenging philosophical questions. An answer to the questions concerning the peculiarities of the first person, self-identification and self-ascription, is to be found in Descartes’ notion of conscientia. His conception of selfhood insightfully informs his conception of personhood. I offer a unified account of selfhood, conscientia, the first person, and personhood anchored in the self’s authority of reason and autonomy of freedom.
    Schlagwort(e): René Descartes ; conscientia ; first person ; selfhood ; personhood ; freedom ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 14
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    Reading Descartes (2023)
    Firenze University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05
    Beschreibung: This volume takes cue from the idea that the thought of no philosopher can be understood without considering it as the result of a lively dialogue with other thinkers. On this ground, it addresses the ways in which René Descartes’s philosophy evolved and was progressively understood by intellectuals from different contexts and eras, either by considering direct interlocutors of Descartes such as Isaac Beeckman and Elisabeth of Bohemia, thinkers who developed upon his ideas and on particular topics as Nicolas Malebranche or Thomas Willis, those who adapted his overall methodology in developing new systems of knowledge as Johannes Clauberg and Pierre-Sylvain Régis, and contemporary thinkers from continental and analytic traditions like Emanuele Severino and Peter Strawson.
    Schlagwort(e): René Descartes ; Cartesianism ; consciousness ; body ; mind ; experience ; reasoning ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Sprache: Englisch
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