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  • 2020-2024  (165)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
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  • 1
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    The MIT Press | The MIT Press
    Publication Date: 2022-11-18
    Description: The work of environmental educators and activists in India and South Africa offers new models for schooling and environmental activism. Education has never played as critical a role in determining humanity's future as it does in the Anthropocene, an era marked by humankind's unprecedented control over the natural environment. Drawing on a multisited ethnographic project among schools and activist groups in India and South Africa, Peter Sutoris explores education practices in the context of impoverished, marginal communities where environmental crises intersect with colonial and racist histories and unsustainable practices. He exposes the depoliticizing effects of schooling and examines cross-generational knowledge transfer within and beyond formal education. Finally, he calls for the bridging of schooling and environmental activism, to find answers to the global environmental crisis. The onset of the Anthropocene challenges the very definition of education and its fundamental goals, says Sutoris. Researchers must look outside conventional models and practices of education for inspiration if education is to live up to its responsibilities at this critical time. For decades, environmental activist movements in some countries have wrestled with questions of responsibility and action in the face of environmental destruction; they inhabited the mental world of the Anthropocene before much of the rest of the world. Sutoris highlights an innovative research methodology of participatory observational filmmaking, describing how films made by children in the Indian and South African communities provide a window into the ways that young people make sense of the future of the Anthropocene. It is through their capacity to imagine the world differently, Sutoris argues, that education can reinvent itself.
    Keywords: Environmental education ; education for sustainable development ; the Anthropocene ; environmental crisis ; climate change ; India ; South Africa ; activism ; visual ethnography ; observational film ; Uttarakhand ; Tehri Dam ; South Durban ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNA Philosophy & theory of education ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy & protocols
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Anthropogenic and natural disturbances to freshwater quantity and quality are a greater issue for society than ever before. To successfully restore water resources requires understanding the interactions between hydrology, climate, land use, water quality, ecology, and social and economic pressures. This Special Issue of Water includes cutting edge research broadly addressing investigative areas related to experimental study designs and modeling, freshwater pollutants of concern, and human dimensions of water use and management. Results demonstrate the immense, globally transferable value of the experimental watershed approach, the relevance and critical importance of current integrated studies of pollutants of concern, and the imperative to include human sociological and economic processes in water resources investigations. In spite of the latest progress, as demonstrated in this Special Issue, managers remain insufficiently informed to make the best water resource decisions amidst combined influences of land use change, rapid ongoing human population growth, and changing environmental conditions. There is, thus, a persistent need for further advancements in integrated and interdisciplinary research to improve the scientific understanding, management, and future sustainability of water resources.
    Keywords: physical habitat ; aquatic ecology ; stream health ; environmental flows ; land use ; hydrology ; hydroecology ; ecohydrology ; climate change ; Appalachia ; reforestation ; land use-land cover ; land-atmosphere coupling ; water quality ; environmental perceptions ; human dimensions ; spatial models ; socioeconomics ; urban watershed management ; municipal watershed ; water quality impairment ; collaborative adaptive management ; water resources ; urban watersheds ; endocrine disrupting chemical ; opioid ; pathway analysis ; ontology ; metabolomics ; decision-making ; logit regression ; farmer perceptions ; social networks ; public funds ; water conservation adoption ; good governance ; sanitation ; sustainability ; water supply ; water-saving agriculture ; Chinese provincial input efficiency ; three-stage DEA model ; environmental variables ; Boufakrane river watershed ; remote sensing ; LULCC ; water balances ; vulnerability ; total dissolved solids ; drinking water ; Appalachian Mountains ; streamflow sensitivity ; water security ; water balance partitioning ; Budyko ; Escherichia coli ; Suspended particulate matter ; Water quality ; Land use practices ; Watershed management ; basin ; hydrologic model ; reaeration rates ; stream metabolism ; watershed ; physicochemistry ; land use practices ; experimental watershed ; suspended particulate matter ; stream water temperature ; watershed management ; bacteria ; land-use practices ; environmental persistence ; saturated hydraulic conductivity ; pedotransfer function ; model validation ; Chesapeake Bay Watershed ; experimental watershed study ; human dimensions of water ; watershed modeling ; hydrological modeling ; water pollutants ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue provides an insight, collated from 26 articles, focusing on various aspects of the Fit-For-Purpose Land Administration (FFPLA) concept and its application. It presents some influential and innovative trends and recommendations for designing, implementing, maintaining and further developing Fit-For-Purpose solutions for providing secure land rights at scale. The first group of 14 articles is published in Volume One and discusses various conceptual innovations related to spatial, legal and institutional aspects and its wider applications within land use management. The second group of 12 articles is published in Volume Two and focuses on case studies from various countries throughout the world, providing evidence and lessons learned from the FFPLA implementation process.
    Keywords: complete cadastre ; legal element ; fixing boundary ; eligible landowner ; agreement ; boundary marker ; fit-for-purpose land administration (FFP LA) ; violent conflict ; United Nations ; extra-legal ; transitional justice ; peace building ; land governance ; power relations ; securing land rights ; land registration ; development impacts ; fit-for-purpose land administration ; land administration ; decentralization ; India ; fit-for-purpose ; institutions ; governance ; politics ; Amazon ; deforestation ; Fit-For-Purpose land administration ; participatory mapping ; indigenous land conflict ; Cumaribo ; Colombia ; community-based land adjudication ; components of adjudication ; land tenure ; land rights ; good practices ; updating land records ; systematic land registration ; unconventional approach ; case study ; Benin ; cadaster ; land administration domain model ; LADM ; cadastre ; FFPLA ; customary tenure ; land inventory ; land management ; mobile-based applications ; pro-poor ; land surveying ; tenure security ; land rights and tenure ; fit-for-purpose approach ; human rights ; design science research ; design thinking ; fit for purpose ; spatial data quality ; spatial data quality assurance ; maintenance ; update ; upgrade ; upkeep ; renewal ; data quality ; spatial framework ; STDM ; technology ; UAV ; feature extraction ; rapid urbanization ; climate change ; pandemic ; urban resilience ; spatial ; legal ; and institutional frameworks ; land tenure security ; pro-poor land recordation ; land governance reform ; cost effectiveness ; innovative technology ; case studies ; Uganda ; customary land tenure ; land recordation tools ; semantic technologies ; land information system ; fit-for-purpose land management ; aerial and street level imagery ; machine learning ; integrated land programs ; land policy ; pilot study ; informal settlements ; urban development ; Brazil ; community-based crowdsourcing ; SiGIT ; Ecuador ; land and resources rights ; public-private partnerships ; corporate social responsibility ; poverty reduction ; business driven solutions ; social enterprises ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Our world is facing many challenges, such as poverty, hunger, resource shortage, environmental degradation, climate change, and increased inequalities and conflicts. To address such challenges, the United Nations proposed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), consisting of 17 interlinked global goals, as the strategic blueprint of world sustainable development. Nevertheless, the implementation of the SDG framework has been very challenging and the COVID-19 pandemic has further impeded the SDG implementation progress. Accelerated efforts are needed to enable all stakeholders, ranging from national and local governments, civil society, private sector, academia and youth, to contribute to addressing this dilemma. This volume of the Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability book series aims to offer inspiration and creativity on approaches to sustainable development. Among other things, it covers topics of COVID-19 and sustainability, environmental pollution, food production, clean energy, low-carbon transport promotion, and strategic governance for sustainable initiatives. This book can reveal facts about the challenges we are facing on the one hand and provide a better understanding of drivers, barriers, and motivations to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all on the other. Research presented in this volume can provide different stakeholders, including planners and policy makers, with better solutions for the implementation of SDGs. Prof. Bao-Jie He acknowledges the Project NO. 2021CDJQY-004 supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. We appreciate the assistance from Mr. Lifeng Xiong, Mr. Wei Wang, Ms. Xueke Chen and Ms. Anxian Chen at School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, China.
    Keywords: climate change ; sustainable development goals ; urban transformation ; decarbonization ; built environment ; governance ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Physical processes are keys for the status of a lake. In this Special Issue, the emphasis is on dissolved oxygen and on exchange of gases, energy and momentum between atmosphere and further mixing and consumption within the water. The studies presented relate to ice-free as well as ice-covered lakes. Field measurements are combined with theoretical approaches.
    Keywords: hydrodynamic model ; bubble plume ; artificial mixing ; GLM ; Si3D ; dissolved gas ; Henry law ; total gas pressure ; ebullition ; greenhouse gases ; lacustrine waters ; diurnal variation ; hourly model ; water temperature ; dissolved oxygen ; shallow lakes ; and sediment heat flux ; water quality ; chlorophyll-a ; phosphorus ; phosphorus release ; full set of turbulent stresses ; Acoustic Doppler current profilers ; interbeam velocity correlations ; ice-covered lakes ; convectively-mixed layer ; anisotropic turbulence ; shallow lake ; ice-covered period ; ice phenology ; snow-ice cover thickness ; under-ice irradiance ; radiatively driven convection ; climate change ; 3D modelling ; stratification ; bubble plumes ; fractal ; lakes ; mixing ; multi-scale ; turbulence ; energy fluxes ; energy content ; reservoirs ; internal waves ; surface waves ; biogenic turbulence ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: With the announcement of the European Green Deal, which defines a set of policy initiatives aimed at achieving a 50–55% reduction in carbon emissions by 2030 and making Europe climate neutral in 2050, the challenge of energy transition becomes even more critical. The transformation of national energy systems towards sustainability is progressing throughout all Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, yet the goals and results are different. Most EU Member States have made substantial progress towards meeting their long-term commitments of emissions reductions. However, some bloc members have struggled to meet their obligations. An effective energy transition requires the introduction of appropriately designed policy instruments and of robust economic analyses that ensure the best possible outcomes at the lowest costs for society. In this context, this Special Issue aims to bring into the discussion the challenges that CEE countries have to face and overcome while undergoing energy transition.
    Keywords: climate change ; food security ; grand challenges ; multiple factor analysis ; regional studies ; renewable energy ; sustainable development goals ; support systems ; energy policy ; cogeneration ; capacity market ; individual cogeneration premium ; trade globalization ; financial globalization ; CO2 emissions ; real GDP per capita ; bootstrap panel Granger causality ; EU transition economies ; photovoltaics ; renewable energy sources ; “My Electricity” ; renewable energy policy ; Poland ; “Mój Prąd” ; grant ; renewable energy grants ; renewable energy support ; economic appraisal ; social discount rate ; Ramsey formula ; consumption rate of interest ; social opportunity cost ; renewable energy sources (RES) ; green energy transformation ; sustainable development ; energy cooperatives ; coopetition ; Renewable Energy Communities ; management ; households ; energy consumption ; platform ; EU ETS ; CO2 ; emissions trading ; energy companies from Central and Eastern Europe ; decarbonisation ; energy transition ; low-carbon technology ; climate and energy policy ; indicators ; biomass ; electric vehicle ; electromobility ; energy balance ; efficiency engines ; clustering ; charging stations ; data analysis ; hydrogen cells ; energy law ; customer preferences ; electric car ; PHEV ; driving technique ; limestone sorbents ; flue gas desulphurisation ; FGD gypsum ; coal-fired power plants ; climate policy ; capacity adequacy ; linear programming ; COVID-19 pandemic ; lockdown ; electricity demand profiles ; Polish energy mix ; energy transition in Poland ; social acceptance ; carbon emissions ; fleet electrification ; sustainable mobility ; fleet management ; energy mix ; onshore wind ; risk assessment ; cash-flows ; discount rate ; cost of capital ; cost of equity ; district heating ; decarbonization ; energy efficiency ; Hubgrade ; remuneration mechanism ; power generation ; new investments ; combined heat and power ; optimization ; thermal energy storage ; uncertainty ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Over the last two decades, the literature on political participation has flourished, reflecting the increasing use of diverse modes of citizen involvement. These include established modes of participation, such as voting, protests, mass demonstrations, and petition signing, but also newer modes specific to the online environment (ICT-related), participation in referendums, public consultations, or engagement in political deliberation. The importance and intensity of these modes is reflected both in the number of people getting involved and in the increasing number of policies that are subject to various modes of participation on a regular basis. There is extensive literature about how these modes of participation function, why people get involved, and the consequences of their participation. However, limited attention is paid to the relationship between political participation and the pursuit of sustainability at a local, regional, or central level. Existing studies indicate that citizen engagement can be a cost-effective method to characterize changes of local environments; however, not much is known beyond this process. This Special Issue aims to address this void in the literature and brings together contributions that analyze how participation can be associated with sustainability and local development in various settings. It explores the relationship between political participation and the management of their local environment. This Special Issue enhances the existing knowledge and understanding about how modes of participation can be reflected in stronger sustainability. The Special Issue provides the space for an academic debate that addresses issues such as climate change, resource allocation, or the pursuit of sustainability programs and policies. The contributions include a mix of single-case studies and comparative analyses across European countries.
    Keywords: deliberation ; future generations ; future design ; political participation ; citizen engagement ; political institutions ; sustainability ; participation ; digitalization ; local government ; innovation ; mixed deliberation ; referendums ; municipal mergers ; democratic sustainability ; social trust ; political trust ; political efficacy ; citizens’ juries ; natural experiment ; opinion change ; windfarms ; Scotland ; deliberative mini-publics ; democratic innovations ; public opinion ; participatory budgeting ; ecology ; local level ; citizens ; support ; Romania ; citizens’ assemblies ; climate change ; decarbonization ; agenda setting ; deliberative democracy ; mini-publics ; environmental politics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This book offers a truly interdisciplinary exploration of our patterns of engagement with politics, news, and information in current high-choice information environments. Putting forth the notion that high-choice information environments may contribute to increasing misperceptions and knowledge resistance rather than greater public knowledge, the book offers insights into the processes that influence the supply of misinformation and factors influencing how and why people expose themselves to and process information that may support or contradict their beliefs and attitudes. A team of authors from across a range of disciplines address the phenomena of knowledge resistance and its causes and consequences at the macro- as well as the micro-level. The chapters take a philosophical look at the notion of knowledge resistance, before moving on to discuss issues such as misinformation and fake news, psychological mechanisms such as motivated reasoning in processes of selective exposure and attention, how people respond to evidence and fact-checking, the role of political partisanship, political polarization over factual beliefs, and how knowledge resistance might be counteracted. This book will have a broad appeal to scholars and students interested in knowledge resistance, primarily within philosophy, psychology, media and communication, and political science, as well as journalists and policymakers.
    Keywords: affective polarization ; anti-vaxx ; attitudes ; attitude-consistent information ; attitude-discrepant Information ; beliefs attitudes knowledge ; biased information processing ; citizens as co-producers of information ; citizens as disseminators of information ; citizens as media consumers ; citizen knowledge motivated reasoning fact-checking ; climate change ; climate change denial ; cognition ; cognitive ability ; cognitive dissonance knowledge resistance ; cognitive dissonance political polarization ; communication ; communication knowledge resistance ; confirmation bias knowledge resistance ; confirmation bias political polarization ; conspiracies ; conspiracy theories ; conspiracy theorists ; contemporary high-choice media environments ; contradictory information ; counteracting knowledge resistance ; credibility perceptions knowledge resistance ; death of expertise ; denying expert authority ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTC Communication studies ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTS Social and political philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPV Political control and freedoms::JPVC Civics and citizenship ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBG Popular beliefs and controversial knowledge::JBGX Conspiracy theories
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: This Special Issue is designed to discuss and examine relevant legal issues concerning ocean governance in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the long-lasting benefits of the international community. It will cover, inter alia, the safety of navigation and maritime security, the sustainable use of marine resources (living and non-living), marine environmental protection, climate change, and marine scientific research.
    Keywords: transfer of mining technology ; commercial condition ; protection of intellectual property ; direct technology purchasing ; investment cooperation ; universal jurisdiction ; maritime piracy ; piracy trials ; Somali piracy ; maritime crime ; sustainability ; community interests ; marine genetic resources ; common heritage of mankind ; BBNJ ; integrated coastal management ; land and sea coordination ; ecological environment ; ocean law ; sustainable development ; fishery resources ; community interest ; international cooperation ; climate change ; fishery management ; legal principles ; LOSC ; precautionary approach ; ecosystem ; seasonal closure ; CCAMLR ; MPAs ; RFMOs ; conservation measures ; China ; ocean governance ; sustainable development goals (SDGs) ; SDG 14 ; marine environment ; international environmental law ; Law of the Sea ; ocean acidification ; rising-sea-levels ; meta-governance ; ocean action ; global environment ; regulatory governance ; IMO ; China’s role ; submissions’ adoption ; law of the sea ; deep seabed mining ; national legislation ; sponsoring state ; marine ecological environment ; multiple subjects ; co-management ; ocean community with a shared future ; cruise ships ; public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) ; international obligations ; rule of law ; COVID-19 ; China’s white paper for Arctic policy ; fisheries resources ; Arctic Ocean ; Chinese legal rights ; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) ; regional integration and cooperation ; SDGs ; Sanchi ship ; oil spill accident ; marine ecology ; ecological damage compensation ; the precautionary principle ; nuclear safety regulation ; UNCLOS ; international law ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: There is a growing recognition that rapid action in response to climate change is urgently necessary, and that many of the responsibilities for this action (e.g., relating to transport, land-use planning and economic development) rest at the local level. This is attested to by the growing number of local authorities that have declared climate emergencies across the globe. Responding to this emergency will require significant changes in the assumptions, expectations, priorities and procedures of locally elected representatives and government officials. This Special Issue will explore the responses of local government, as a key locus of sustainability governance, to the need for rapid climate action, drawing on examples from diverse locations (UK, western Europe, Chile and South Africa) and at various scales (from the smallest local areas, to city regions, counties and provinces).
    Keywords: climate change ; local government ; climate governance ; urban transport ; politics ; local climate action ; climate emergency ; phronesis ; practical wisdom ; crisis ; UK ; Paris Agreement ; carbon budgets ; transport ; governance ; carbon accounting ; scalar ; top-down ; bottom-up ; local governments ; critical infrastructure investment ; capacities ; political leadership attributes ; municipal organizational robustness ; Chile ; pop-up consultancy centre ; local authorities ; home renovation ; decentralised approach ; home-owner renovation journey ; business models ; multi-level governance ; informal settlements ; sanitation services ; institutional remaking ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: This book focuses on the up-to-date studies on the sustainability with changing climate and extremes. The main contributors discussed the changing climate and extreme events, as well as their impacts on natural and human dimension sustainability, including the incorporated social–ecologic and socioeconomic processes. Special attention is given to four main sections: natural disasters in agriculture; urban/rural ecosystem, tourism, and ecosystem service; extreme climate indices, and newly created dataset for climate change.
    Keywords: trade conflict ; carbon emissions ; import and export trade ; cooperative emission reduction ; meteorological hazards ; risk assessment ; spatial pattern ; population exposure ; Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ; climate change ; slope geohazards ; new geohazard clusters ; extreme cooling events ; Arctic Oscillation ; winter in China ; atmospheric circulation ; GPP ; CMIP6 ; ESM ; STA ; China ; warm days ; cold days ; warm nights ; cold nights ; hot days ; frost days ; compound drought and heatwave events ; complex network ; event synchronization ; atmospheric circulation patterns ; urban agglomeration ; drought ; heat wave ; flood ; GM (1, 1) ; Arctic ; universal thermal climate index (UTCI) ; spatial-temporal changes ; 1979–2019 ; ecosystem services trade-offs ; land-use change ; soil conservation ; carbon storage ; water yield ; precipitation gradient ; Loess Plateau ; climate hazards ; geospatial analysis ; urban adaptation ; risk management ; snow disaster ; risk zoning ; Heilongjiang Province ; precipitation ; model resolutions ; cold region of China ; spatiotemporal distribution ; spatiotemporal variation ; 1961–2019 ; high-resolution and high-quality precipitation data ; independent and non-independent test ; the 0.01° multi-source fusion precipitation product ; extreme precipitation event ; forest types ; NDVI ; AVHRR GIMMS ; temperature range ; precipitation range ; snow cover ; black carbon concentration ; radiative forcing ; northeast China ; high temperature ; mobile phone data ; impact factor ; Zhuhai City ; WRF model ; projection ; short-lived heatwave event ; long-lived heatwave event ; Yangtze River Basin ; central and western Pacific ; thermocline ; yellowfin tuna ; CPUE ; El Niño ; La Niña ; GAM model ; spring soil moisture ; impact mechanism ; Songnen Plain ; Sanjiang Plain ; maize ; diurnal temperature range ; fresh air index ; natural microclimate comfort index ; fresh air–natural microclimate comfort index ; scenic spots ; Fujian province ; extreme climate indices ; temporal and spatial dynamics ; linear trend ; climate abrupt change ; central China ; peanut drought ; Shandong Province ; natural disaster risk assessment principles ; dry-hot wind disaster ; Shandong province ; natural disaster risk assessment principle ; summer maize ; inter- and mixed cropping ; flowering period ; yield ; potato climatic productivity potential ; Inner Mongolia ; effect ; human mobility ; rainfall ; taxi GPS data ; community ; Zhuhai central areas ; citrus ; quality ; future projection ; state-owned forest farms ; human resource allocation ; industrial structure ; coordination and adaptation ; personal structure ; contiguous poverty-stricken areas ; rainstorms and droughts ; direct economic losses ; disaster-affected population ; drought and flood ; vulnerability ; risk prediction ; agroecosystem ; heatwaves ; population exposure change ; global warming ; 1.5 °C warming scenario ; 2.0 °C warming scenario ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2022-06-02
    Description: The effects of climate change are appearing before us and show the fragility of settlements that are no longer able to manage natural phenomena and therefore their increasingly effect on them. The process of morphogenesis of cities has sedimented spatial configurations, which over time have lost the ability to manage a dynamic balance with the metabolism of the reference environment. The contribution presents a research study aimed at the planning of the Tuscan coast, in which, a novel methodology is proposed for the regeneration of patterns no longer able to manage the current metabolic flows.
    Keywords: climate change ; morphogenesis ; urban ecosystem ; coastal settlements planning ; urban metabolism ; material flow
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The Mediterranean Sea is a semi-enclosed basin which experienced different natural and anthropogenic phenomena causes of community or intra-species changes over time. The Mediterranean Sea went through dramatic changes in its biota through the last 6 million years and more quickly in the recent century. All the events left a footprint on the gene pool of marine species, on their morpho-anatomical features, and on the loss or expansion of the geographical range extent. Nowadays the Mediterranean basin is changing its physical and ecological characteristics. The changes in its environmental conditions are followed by changes in its species composition and have been recorded in historical museum collections. In this book, the biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea is described at a synchronic or diachronic level, highlighting the past two centuries for which museum collections can provide overlooked information.
    Keywords: Mediterranean Sea ; mtDNA ; control region ; swordfish ; Monachus monachus ; Mediterranean monk seal ; mitochondrial DNA ; Adriatic Sea ; endangered species ; biodiversity ; climate change ; herbaria ; macroalgae collections ; chondrichthyans ; conservation ; fishing ; historical ecology ; Annelida ; Polychaeta ; benthos ; community structure ; algae ; environmental changes ; historical data ; benthic communities ; biomonitoring ; taxonomy ; museum collections ; environmental heritage ; marine mammals ; cetacean strandings ; natural history museums ; zoological collections ; Mediterranean biodiversity ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics
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  • 14
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-08-09
    Description: International economic institutions economise climate change, treating it as an economic rather than environmental issue. This book explores how three such institutions - G20, IMF, OECD - have addressed climate finance and fossil fuel subsidies, and the consequences of the economisation of climate change. Also available as Open Access.
    Keywords: climate change ; environmental policy ; environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution & threats to the environment::RNPG Climate change ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities::KNBP Petroleum & oil industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This special issue entitled “Water Quality Assessments for Urban Water Environment,” strives to highlights the status quo of water environment, opportunities and challenges for their sustainable management in lieu of rapid global changes (land us eland cover changes, climate change, population growth, change in socio-economic dimension, urbanization etc.), in the urban space particularly in developing nations around the world. It also highlights the effect of COVID19 pandemic on water resources and way forward to minimize the risk of spreading health risk associated with wastewater management. Considering the complex nature of the urban water security, it highlights the importance of emerging approaches like socio-hydrology, landscape ecology, regional-circular-ecological sphere etc., which presents a perfect combination of hard (infrastructure) and soft (numerical simulations, spatial technologies, participatory approaches, indigenous knowledge) measures, as the potential solutions to manage this precious water resource in coming future. Finally, what is the way forward to enhance science-policy interface in a better way to achieve global goals e.g., SDGs at local level in a timely manner. It provides valuable information about sustainable water resource management at the urban landscape, which is very much useful for policy-makers, decision-makers, local communities, and other relevant stakeholders.
    Keywords: groundwater ; geospatial analysis ; hydrogeochemical assessment ; multivariate statistical analysis ; water quality index ; middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River ; urban river stretches ; phosphorus ; spatial distribution ; bioavailability ; suspended sediment (SS) ; water quality ; WEAP ; climate change adaptation ; urbanization ; domestic wastewater management ; sustainable development goals ; triple-rice cropping system ; full-dike ; surface water quality ; WAWQI ; An Giang Province ; the Vietnamese Mekong Delta ; hydrological residence time (HRT) ; lake ; COVID ; waterbodies ; WQI ; HPI ; HEI ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; bioaerosol ; aerosolized wastewater ; environmental transmission ; agriculture ; water security ; water scarcity ; climate change ; IWRM ; socioeconomic changes ; sustainable development ; Pindrawan tank area ; drinking water quality ; artificial intelligence ; particle swarm optimization ; support vector machine ; naive Bayes classifier ; water insecurity ; water security framework ; public health ; primary health care ; groundwater demand ; Sundarbans ; vulnerability ; sensitivity loop ; water–human wellbeing nexus ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: As the most heavily populated areas in the world, coastal zones host the majority and some of the most important human settlements, infrastructures and economic activities. Harbour and coastal structures are essential to the above, facilitating the transport of people and goods through ports, and protecting low-lying areas against flooding and erosion. While these structures were previously based on relatively rigid concepts about service life, at present, the design—or the upgrading—of these structures should effectively proof them against future pressures, enhancing their resilience and long-term sustainability. This Special Issue brings together a versatile collection of articles on the modelling of harbour and coastal structures, covering a wide array of topics on the design of such structures through a study of their interactions with waves and coastal morphology, as well as their role in coastal protection and harbour design in present and future climates.
    Keywords: beach morphology ; beach nourishment performance ; sustainable development ; General Shoreline beach model ; United Arab Emirates ; Saadiyat Island ; breakwater ; extreme learning machine ; stability assessment ; machine learning ; column-stabilized fish cage ; horizontal wave force ; least squares method ; hydrodynamic coefficient ; vertical breakwater ; reliability analysis ; overall stability ; sliding failure ; overturning failure ; bearing capacity analysis ; breakwater’s foundation failure ; rubble-mound ; zero-freeboard ; porous-media ; immersed-boundary ; level-set ; Smagorinsky subgrid scale model ; wave reflection ; wave transmission ; wave overtopping ; wave setup ; Nowshahr port ; field measurements ; numerical simulation ; wave ; current ; sediment transport ; rubble mound breakwaters ; historical review ; damage measurement ; damage characterization ; damage ; damage model ; damage progression ; input reduction ; wave schematization ; pick-up rate ; MIKE21 CM FM ; long-term morphological modelling ; numerical model ; OpenFOAM ; scour ; vertical breakwaters ; mortar-grouted riprap revetment ; full-scale hydraulic tests ; design of revetments ; Balearic Islands ; Boumerdès ; current speed ; harbor ; tsunami ; model uncertainty ; reliability ; pile settlement ; piles in granular soil ; base resistance ; skin friction ; t-z curves ; climate change ; coastal flooding ; coastal structures ; numerical modelling ; Boussinesq equations ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This book is a compilation of original research articles that apply a variety of techniques to identify and evaluate water resource management policies. These papers cover a wide range of topics and methodologies applied across the world, from a local to a continental scope. They illustrate open challenges in water resource management, such as the quantitative assessment of policy impacts, trade-off analyses, understanding the water–energy–food–environment nexus, collaborative model development, stakeholder engagement, formalizing social interactions, or improving the theoretical understanding of complex adaptive systems. Therefore, this book is a representation of research areas that have emerged from the origins of water resource systems analysis, seeking to improve the way in which water policy is formulated and implemented.
    Keywords: climate change ; water resources ; water availability ; uncertainty ; WAAPA model ; Western Europe ; water quality ; background pollutants ; export coefficient model ; chemical oxygen demand ; ammonia nitrogen ; water resource accessibility ; spatial pattern ; coupling coordination degree ; water resource management ; Southwest China ; pump efficiency ; water distribution systems ; water supply systems ; optimization ; design policies ; design ; BMPs ; Revised GWLF ; NSGAII ; hydrological dam safety ; initial reservoir level ; maximum conservation level ; water conservation volume ; flood control volume ; yield reliability ; regular operation ; stochastic methodology ; water management ; resources ; system dynamics ; drought management ; drought impacts ; urban public services ; inter-administrative cooperation ; border studies ; internal borders ; river municipalities ; freshwater health ; river chief system ; ecological integrity ; social services ; water governance ; national standard ; risk assessment ; water-saving ; set pair analysis ; China ; fluvial ecosystems ; hydropeaking ; InSTHAn tool ; short-term flow regimes ; subdaily flows ; sustainable river management ; droughts ; hydrological risk ; agri-food sector ; event study ; financial markets ; BOVESPA ; stormwater ; industrial facilities ; run off ; self-reported data ; multifunctional water source area ; ecotourism, people with different stakeholders ; balanced decision-making ; sponge city ; fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method ; water resource carrying capacity ; gray correlation analysis ; multiple linear regression models ; water environment capacity ; reservoir performance ; water resources systems ; participatory modeling ; river basin planning ; watershed management ; water scarcity ; water conflicts ; Robust Decision Support ; WEAP ; Integrated Water Resources Management ; Bolivia ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 18
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The book collects nine original contributions in the field of integrated geophysical methods for the characterization and modeling of shallow aquifers. The first contribution introduces the following eight contributions into the overall framework of the topic. The second contribution integrates seismic and electrical techniques to define geometry and identify the transient groundwater features in a coastal alluvial aquifer. The third contribution assesses the effectiveness of electrical and electromagnetic techniques to study the geometry of a thick carbonate aquifer. The fourth contribution couples electrical techniques with implicit modeling tools to characterize the geometry and saltwater intrusion in a coastal alluvial aquifers. The fifth contribution combines electrical techniques and datasets from borehole logs to analyze the inner geometry of a gravel-bed ephemeral stream. The sixth contribution uses electromagnetic and seismic techniques to evaluate the groundwater resource in a coastal town hydrologically influenced by peri-urban irrigation agriculture. The seventh contribution uses geophysical and hydrochemical data to assess groundwater contamination in an industrial chemical complex. The eighth contribution compiles and examines different geophysical prospecting surveys of interest in groundwater research in a large urban area. The ninth contribution uses electrical and electromagnetic techniques to assess surface water and shallow groundwater salinity in a coastal groundwater-dependent ecosystem.
    Keywords: multichannel analysis of surface waves ; electrical resistivity tomography ; time-lapse inversion ; aquifer geometry ; groundwater-dependent ecosystem ; Santo André Lagoon ; Portugal ; Jurassic dolomite aquifer ; seismic reflection ; time-domain electromagnetic ; loma de Úbeda ; Spain ; managed aquifer recharge ; saltwater intrusion ; soil aquifer treatment ; sustainable development goal 6 ; deposition patterns ; climate change ; ephemeral gravel-bed stream ; borehole samples ; urban hydrogeology ; hydrogeological map ; ground penetrating radar ; groundwater resource evaluation ; Adra town ; groundwater ; contamination ; time-space ; geophysics ; hydrochemistry ; geophysical prospecting techniques ; groundwater research ; urban water supply ; Metropolitan District of Quito ; Ecuador ; Everglades National Park (ENP) ; electrical resistivity ; electromagnetism ; formation factor ; salinity and constrained inversion ; n/a ; dipole-dipole ; fractures ; saprolite ; pumping well ; Federal district of Brazil ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The papers included in this Special Issue address a variety of important aspects of plant biodiversity and genetic resources, including definitions, descriptions, and illustrations of different components and their value for food and nutrition security, breeding, and environmental services. Furthermore, comprehensive information is provided regarding conservation approaches and techniques for plant genetic resources, policy aspects, and results of biological, genetic, morphological, economic, social, and breeding-related research activities. The complexity and vulnerability of (plant) biodiversity and its inherent genetic resources, as an integral part of the contextual ecosystem and the human web of life, are clearly demonstrated in this Special Issue, and for several encountered problems and constraints, possible approaches or solutions are presented to overcome these.
    Keywords: climate change ; combined drought and heat stress ; drought ; heat ; landraces ; maize ; Rhododendron ; conservation strategies ; genetic differentiation ; gene flow ; populations contraction ; AFLP ; genetic diversity ; invasive ; Poaceae ; population genetics ; range expansion ; genebanks ; forage germplasm ; grasses ; legumes ; seed storage ; conservation ; seed longevity ; seed germination ; monitoring ; regeneration ; pea landraces ; Amorgos ; Schinoussa ; DNA Barcoding ; ISSR genotyping ; HRM analysis ; powdery mildew ; ex situ conservation ; germination ; longevity ; plant genetic resources ; agrobiodiversity ; genebank ; genebank management ; seed physiology ; seed quality management ; Carthamus tinctorius ; genotyping by sequencing ; germplasm characterization ; GWAS ; oilseed crop ; DArT markers ; macadamia ; dendrogram ; principal coordinate analysis ; population structure ; wild species ; malnutrition ; food security ; vegetables ; genetic resources ; home gardens ; community seedbanks ; variety introduction ; vegetable breeding ; high-throughput phenotyping ; statistical modelling ; phenotypic breeding ; genomic selection ; Solanum chacoense ; stress tolerance ; Brassica oleracea ; diversity ; SNP ; atolls ; leafy vegetables ; non-communicable diseases (NCD) ; nutrition security ; mineral nutrients ; natural biofortification ; crop wild relatives ; biological features ; use ; local ; national and global efforts ; policy ; gene donors ; pre-breeding ; breeding ; cross-sectoral collaboration ; crop wild relatives (CWR) ; drylands ; Kitui county ; wild food plants ; Cyprus ; domestication ; microsatellites ; Vitis vinifera subsp. sativa ; Vitis vinifera subsp. Sylvestris ; Fraxinus spp. ; manna ; local varieties nSSR ; cpSSR ; cytometry ; morphological traits ; documentation ; agricultural biodiversity ; wheat ; genome-wide association studies ; association mapping ; stripe rust ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antioxidants ; catechin ; Erodium crassifolium ; underutilized species ; agro-biodiversity ; centres of origin ; geographic distribution ; phylogenetic diversity ; useful plants ; Vavilov centres ; plant breeding ; climate change adaptation ; developing countries ; Punica protopunica Balf. ; Punica granatum L. ; Punica genera ; Lythraceae ; nitrogen fixation ; symbiosis ; bean ; landrace ; PPB ; participatory breeding ; climate resilient ; Honduras ; banana ; desiccation tolerance ; Musa ; Papua New Guinea ; seed conservation ; seed storage behaviour ; crop diversity ; drought tolerance ; genetic approaches ; neglected and underutilized species ; plant genetic resources for food and agriculture ; access and benefit sharing ; multilateral system ; CGIAR ; nutrition data ; multi-sectoral collaboration ; payment for ecosystem services ; payment for environmental services ; agrobiodiversity conservation ; agricultural adaptation ; clonal crops ; collection management ; cryobiotechnology ; cryopreservation ; field collections ; field maintenance ; germplasm storage ; in vitro conservation ; recalcitrant seeds ; genetic erosion ; ex situ and in situ conservation ; diversification ; sustainability ; food and nutrition security ; crop genetic resources ; diagnostics ; germplasm ; crop breeding ; pathogen ; pest ; Plant Treaty ; phytosanitary regulations ; transboundary pests ; invasive species ; prevention ; quarantine ; seed ; seed health ; virus indexing ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 20
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Droughts are one of the main extreme meteorological, and hydrological phenomena, which influence both the functioning of ecosystems, and many important sectors of human economic activity. Throughout the world, various direct changes in meteorological, and climatic conditions, such as: air temperature, humidity, and evapotranspiration can be observed. They have a significant influence upon the shaping of the phenomenon of drought. Land cover and land use can also be indirect factors influencing evapotranspiration, and, by the same token, the water balance in the water catchment area. They can also influence the course of the process of the drought. The observed climate change, manifested mainly by increases in temperature, in turn, influencing evapotranspiration, may cause intensification in terms of both the degree and frequency of droughts. Droughts related to changes in the hydrological regime, and to the decrease in water resources. Its results can be observed in various sectors, related, among others, to a demand for water for people, agriculture and the Industry. It can also prove problematic for water ecosystems. To reflect the aforementioned information, a reasonable drought risk management is indispensable in order to ease the water demand related problems in various sectors of human activity. This book presents original research on various drought indicators, modern measurement techniques used, among others, for monitoring and predicting droughts, drought indicator trends, the impact of insufficient precipitation on human activity in the context of climate change, and examples of modern solutions devised to prevent water shortages.
    Keywords: extensive green roofs ; climate change ; summer drought ; urban vegetation ; phytomass ; fertilizer ; biodiversity ; blue green infrastructure ; pan evaporation ; ANN ; WANN ; SVM-RF ; SVM-LF ; Pusa station ; drought ; SPI ; run theory ; Sen’s estimator ; Mann–Kendall ; Wadi Cheliff Basin ; water stress ; soil moisture ; atmospheric evaporative demand ; eddy covariance ; gross primary productivity ; meteorological drought ; agricultural drought ; atmospheric circulation ; elementary circulation mechanism (ECM) ; information entropy ; atmospheric blocking ; hydrological drought ; trends ; central Poland ; lotic systems ; refuge habitats ; fish ; risk management ; forecasting ; ARIMA ; Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) ; mitigation ; atmospheric drought ; forest drought ; Carpathian Mts. ; beech ; vertical climate zones ; Copernicus Sentinel-1 ; electrical resistivity tomography ; expansive clay ; InSAR ; shrink-swell risk ; SMOS surface soil moisture ; wavelet analysis ; precipitation ; precipitation deficit ; climatic water balance ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 21
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: In the last few centuries, the study of sea-level changes along the world's shores has been a primary scientific focus in analyses of climate change, but also for scientists exploring past landscape evolution, geomorphological processes, human impacts, and system responses. The relative variation in sea level derives as a result of global, regional, and local processes. All these processes are spatially and temporally variable and cause complex sea-level changes at both regional and local scales. A multidisciplinary approach addressed to palaeo sea-level reconstructions at regional and local scale is the best method to understand the role of natural and anthropogenic forcing in the landscape evolution, as well as to discover the historical human adaptions to natural modifications of the landscape. Definitely, investigating these regional and local patterns is mandatory to reconstruct possible scenarios of the relative sea level rise impacts and to prepare the adaptation of coastal communities threatened by future climate changes. The aim of this Special Issue has been to collect contributions addressing and discussing methodological and multi-disciplinary approaches to studying the regional and local coastal modifications in relation to historical and recent relative sea-level changes to hypothesize future trends.
    Keywords: sea-level rise ; Mediterranean Sea ; tide gauges ; natural variability ; vertical land motion ; Mississippi River Delta ; Louisiana ; salinity ; sediment ; wetland loss ; estuary ; diversion ; environmental planning ; coastal restoration ; sea level ; coastal erosion ; coastal morphometry ; Baltic Sea ; coastal changes ; vertical ground movements ; geoarchaeology ; 3D model ; relative sea level changes ; Campi Flegrei ; Holocene ; coastal lagoon ; geochronology ; sea level change ; bio-indicators ; climate change ; adaptation costs ; investment decision ; Spain and Portugal coastal cities ; uncertainty ; stochastic model ; coastal dynamics ; erosion ; accretion ; submersion ; boulders ; Medicane ; flow ; UAV ; waves ; coastal barrier ; continuous backstepping pattern ; incised valley ; sapropel S1 ; coastal plains ; relative sea-level rise ; 2100 ; marine submersion ; tide-gauges ; atmospheric variability ; Tyrrhenian sea ; interannual variations ; acqua alta ; well log correlation ; late Quaternary environments ; sea-level changes ; Volturno plain ; southern Italy ; geomorphological coastal changes ; sea storm effects ; integrated 3D remote sensing surveys ; sedimentary dynamics ; western Ligurian sea ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 22
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The world steel industry is strongly based on coal/coke in ironmaking, resulting in huge carbon dioxide emissions corresponding to approximately 7% of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. As the world is experiencing a period of imminent threat owing to climate change, the steel industry is also facing a tremendous challenge in next decades. This themed issue makes a survey on the current situation of steel production, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions, as well as cross-sections of the potential methods to decrease CO2 emissions in current processes via improved energy and materials efficiency, increasing recycling, utilizing alternative energy sources, and adopting CO2 capture and storage. The current state, problems and plans in the two biggest steel producing countries, China and India are introduced. Generally contemplating, incremental improvements in current processes play a key role in rapid mitigation of specific emissions, but finally they are insufficient when striving for carbon neutral production in the long run. Then hydrogen and electrification are the apparent solutions also to iron and steel production. The book gives a holistic overview of the current situation and challenges, and an inclusive compilation of the potential technologies and solutions for the global CO2 emissions problem.
    Keywords: ironmaking ; carbon emissions ; energy consumption ; flash ironmaking process ; alternate ironmaking processes ; direct reduction ; smelting reduction ; iron ore concentrate ; natural gas ; digitalization ; digital technologies ; digital transformation ; steel industry ; digital skills ; industrial restructuring ; carbon emission ; technology upgrade ; steel ; environment ; mining ; production ; circular economy ; lean and frugal design ; ecology transition ; climate change ; pollution ; toxicology ; metals ; metallic products ; environmental impact ; carbon capture and storage ; CO2 mineralization ; steelmaking slags ; nanoparticles ; life cycle assessment (LCA) ; by-products ; industrial symbiosis ; reuse ; recycling ; CO2 mitigation ; hydrogen ; kinetics ; fossil-free steel ; hydrogen direct-reduced iron (H2DRI) ; melting of H2DRI in EAF (Electric Arc Furnace) ; hydrogen production by water electrolysis ; hydrogen storage ; grid balancing ; renewable electricity ; climate warming ; carbon footprint ; energy saving ; emissions mitigation ; electricity generation ; hydrogen in steelmaking ; steel vision ; mini blast furnace ; charcoal ; mathematical model ; gas injection ; kinetic models ; self-reducing burden ; iron ore ; coking coal ; DRI ; scrap ; blue dust ; decarbonization ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 23
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Environmental odour is perceived as a major nuisance by rural as well as urban populations. The sources of odourous substances are manifold. In urban areas, these include restaurants, small manufacturing trades, and other sources, which might cause complaints. In the suburbs, wastewater treatment plants, landfill sites, and other infrastructures are the expected major odour sources. These problems are often caused be the accelerated growth of cities. In rural sites, livestock farming and the spreading of manure on the fields is blamed for severe odour annoyance. In fact, environmental odours are considered to be a common cause of public complaints by residents to local authorities, regional, or national environmental agencies. This Special Issue of Atmosphere will address the entire chain, from the quantification of odour sources, abatement methods, the dilution in the atmosphere, and the assessment of odour exposure for the assessment of annoyance. In particular, this Special Issue aims to encourage contributions dealing with field trials and dispersion modeling to assess the degree of annoyance and the quantitative success of abatement measures.
    Keywords: environmental odour ; emission ; annoyance ; separation distance ; dispersion models ; empirical equations ; odour ; dispersion modelling ; wastewater treatment ; odour impact criteria ; separation distances ; odour legislation ; air quality ; air pollution ; odor ; smell ; odour units ; agriculture ; environmental regulations ; policy ; VOC ; GC-QTOF-MS ; GC-IMS ; wastewater treatment plant ; air dispersion model ; dose–response relationship ; odor impact criterion (OIC) ; perception-related odor exposure ; wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) ; Odors ; Odor Patrol ; Odor Profile Method ; monitoring Odors ; field inspection ; odour impact ; odour modelling ; olfactometry ; proficiency test ; bench loop ; n-butanol ; sampling uncertainties ; odorants ; SOAV ; OTV ; livestock ; odour dispersion modelling ; climate change ; stability classification ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 24
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Freshwater fishes are the most diverse vertebrate group, with almost 36,000 species described so far, and more species are being discovered all the time, evenly distributed between marine and freshwater habitats. Freshwater ecosystems serve as a habitat for more than 18,000 fish species, occupying less than 1% of the Earth’s surface. Among all ecosystems, inland waters are one of the most affected. Wetlands are disappearing three times faster than forests, and freshwater populations decrease faster than terrestrial biodiversity. Nowadays, freshwater fishes may be considered the most threatened vertebrate group. Understanding the ecological subjects, environmental necessities, and pressures of freshwater fishes remains a key concern of their conservation biology. This reprint explores the relationships between environmental issues, freshwater fish biodiversity, and human impacts from different perspectives, but always focuses on the conservation biology of species and ecosystems.A change in mindset is needed to protect biodiversity in the upcoming years. Conservation plans have failed because our current knowledge is deficient and needs to be improved. We need countries to commit to protecting biodiversity and develop realistic targets that can be met while compromising with conflicting needs and interests. The articles included in this reprint emphasize the necessity of having more knowledge to develop conservation strategies. Future conservation targets may be advanced in part based on the knowledge provided by these papers and similar studies to ensure the long-term protection of freshwater fish and other life forms.
    Keywords: count bias ; growth zone counts ; precision ; otolith preparation methods ; adaptation ; alpine lakes ; Cottus gobio ; hepatic steatosis ; ichthyofauna ; trophic guilds ; salinity-tolerance ; connectivity ; Chetumal Bay ; Mexico ; acoustics ; fish density ; fish distribution ; Mediterranean lake ; gut content analysis ; Mediterranean rivers ; prey richness ; trophic niche breadth ; Spain ; threatened species ; conservation planning ; climate change ; captive breeding ; Cottus hispaniolensis ; conservation ; ecological integrity ; fish biodiversity ; restoration ; river basin management ; Yangtze River ; Mediterranean ponds ; fish ; Aphanius iberus ; size structure ; ecological status ; thermal stress ; salvage ; drought ; hypoxia ; energy allocation ; fecundity ; flow regulation ; Mediterranean-type river cyprinids ; invasive fish ; life history traits ; methods comparison ; population imbalance ; stock assessment ; sentinel species ; longitudinal gradient ; human impacts ; flow regime alteration ; non-native fish ; fragmentation ; habitat alteration ; Segura River basin ; Tropical Andes ; Manu Biosphere Reserve ; Astroblepus ; Trichomycterus ; Mauritia flexuosa ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 25
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) are groups of rhizosphere microorganisms capable of colonizing the root environment. Some of the microbes that inhabit this zone are bacteria and fungi that are capable of efficiently colonizing roots and rhizosphere soil. These microorganisms can be used as biofertilizers for improving agricultural production even under stressful environmental conditions. In contrast to PGPM, plant growth regulators (PGR) are chemical compounds that significantly affect the growth and differentiation of plant cells and tissues. They function as chemical messengers for intercellular communication and play a vital role in plant signaling networks as they are involved in the plant developmental process and a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress responses. The application of PGPM and plant growth regulators/hormones or the synthesis of PGR and signal transduction, perception, and cross-talk creates a complex network that plays an essential role in the regulation of plant physiological processes. A better understanding of the mechanism of action of PGPM and PGR and their roles in plant growth and development, interaction and independence in their action, and hormonal crosstalk under stresses is essential for agricultural production and research. Therefore, this book has contributions in the form of research and review papers from eminent scientists worldwide and discusses the role of PGPM and PGR in agriculture production and research, their potentials as biocontrol agents, their effects on physicochemical properties of soil, innovation for sustainable agriculture, their role in seed transplanting, and their role in mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses.
    Keywords: Paecilomyces ; PGPF ; tomato ; pepper ; plant probiotic microorganisms ; Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) ; Solanum lycopersicum L. ; secondary metabolites ; plant insect interactions ; seaweed extract ; phytohormone profiling ; fertilizers ; antioxidant ; plant growth regulators ; brown seaweed ; green algae ; abiotic stresses ; cell membrane stability ; climate change ; osmolytes ; polyamines ; bacterial community composition ; liquid food waste materials (LFM) ; plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) ; plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits ; salinity ; PGPR ; wheat ; compatible solutes ; antioxidant enzymes ; Trichoderma ; plant growth promotion ; biostimulant ; aridity ; Bacillus sp. ; biochar ; nutrient availability ; organic matter ; soil health ; mVOCs ; Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria ; Mentha piperita ; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03 ; salt stress ; MDA ; DPPH ; Bradyrhizobium japonicum ; Pseudomonas putida ; plant growth ; plant nutrients ; soil enzymes ; soil nutrients ; soybean ; sweet pepper ; Bacillus ; chitosan ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; fruit yield ; plant growth promoting microorganisms ; abiotic stress ; biotic stress ; flavonoids ; biotic and abiotic stress ; symbiosis ; signaling ; rhizobium ; AMF ; allelopathy ; biocontrol Aspergillus japonicus ; root-knot nematode ; fermentation filtrate ; biological control ; seed germination ; α-Tocopherol ; antioxidants ; drought ; nutrient dynamics ; tissue specific response ; deep N fertilization ; peroxidase activity ; catalase activity ; rice cultivation ; ABA biosynthesis ; drought stress ; gene expression ; signaling network ; transporters ; Zea mays L. ; environmental stresses ; endophytic bacteria ; plant growth promoting ability ; chromium ; Staphylococcus aureus ; oxidative stress ; available phosphorus ; enriched compost ; poultry litter ; rock phosphate ; pear trees ; PGR ; sustainable development ; crop nutrition ; fertiliser ; Timac Agro Italia ; allelopathic bacteria ; antimetabolites ; phytotoxic metabolites ; rhizobacteria ; weed invasion ; anthocyanins ; color ; fruit size ; phenolics ; Punica granatum ; PGPMs (plant growth-promoting microorganisms) ; tee tree oil ; plant biostimulants ; soil-borne phytopathogens ; antagonistic fungi ; biocontrol ; biotic effect ; crop production ; RIDER ; drylands ; water conservation ; biomass reduction ; cereal crops ; growth regulators ; metal stress ; sugar beet ; nitrogen fertilizer ; gibberellic acid ; TSS ; sugar yield ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 26
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This book contains a collection of recent peer-reviewed articles on the topic "Crop Adaptation to Elevated CO2 and Temperature" published in Plants. Topics range from meta-analyses of crop responses, to descriptions and results of large-scale screening efforts, to molecular studies of changes in gene expression related to fruit quality.
    Keywords: adaptation ; breeding ; CO2 ; CWR ; seed yield ; goji berry ; sugar metabolism ; elevated CO2 ; functional domain ; gene cloning and expression ; Lens culinaris ; climate change adaptation ; root development ; root depth distribution ; climate change ; heat stress ; nitrogen assimilation ; nitrogen metabolism ; nitrogen uptake ; Solanum ; tomato ; warming ; Solanum tuberosum ; tuber ; sink organ ; ambient temperature ; cell proliferation ; grain quality ; cereals ; yield and quality ; high [CO2] ; predicted future climate ; high temperature ; grain quality traits ; drought stress ; Genovese cultivar ; photosynthesis ; stomatal conductance ; chlorophyll ; carotenoids ; antioxidant defense metabolites ; early growth stage ; ethylene ; IAA conjugates ; indole-3-acetic acid ; invasiveness ; lupine seedlings ; simulated conditions ; warming simulation ; grain yield ; biomass ; bread wheat ; genotypes ; barley ; CO2 enrichment ; Hordeum vulgare L. ; water-use efficiency ; yield ; gravitropic angle of curvature ; initial root ; lateral root number ; primary root ; root system architecture ; simulated warming ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 27
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This Special Issue opens a new field of research in certain emerging innovative instruments, because it provides an in-depth revision of the main aspects of institutions and instruments available for the management and governance of droughts and water scarcity. The key aspects that institutions may tackle not only include the increasing water scarcity in many regions around the world but also the increasing frequency and impact of droughts on economic and natural systems. Some of the included papers analyze critical issues, such as the state and future trends of water markets; the estimation of transaction costs when dealing with drought management; and the use of new instruments, such as insurance and water-rights entitlements, which include water security, water-pricing effects on the whole basin level, and intra- and inter-sectorial re-allocation. The important issues regarding non-conventional water supply and the governance of the new resources also feature as the focus of some of the contributions.
    Keywords: Baiyangdian Lake ; Landsat ; complex water extraction ; SMDPSO ; dynamic changes ; drought risk ; water supply risk ; irrigation insurance ; water use ; Spain ; drought ; water markets ; Western US ; hydro-economic modelling ; water policy ; climate change ; river basin management ; water scarcity ; water supply ; risk reduction ; risk curves ; cost-benefit analysis ; water management ; water rights ; water supply reliability ; irrigation agriculture ; allocation rules ; priority rights ; Po River Basin ; institutional economics ; climate change adaptation ; cost of adaptation ; water pricing ; water-use efficiency ; economic model ; inter-sectoral ; river basin ; good water practices ; tourist accommodation ; tourist ; Mediterranean ; water reuse ; reclaimed water ; SWOT analysis ; cluster analysis ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 28
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: The purpose of this Special Issue is to celebrate 25 years of “World Wetlands Day”. There is no other ecosystem that has its very own Ramsar Convention or such a challenge impacting ecosystem sustainability. Papers for this Special Issue provide an overview of wetland status and function within different regions of the world. The papers in this Special Issue of Land consist of three review papers, ten research articles and one perspective paper. Edward Maltby’s review paper provides us with an overview of the paradigm shift of how we value and assess wetlands over time. Ballut-Dajud et al. provide us with a worldwide perspective on factors affecting wetland loss. Finally, Jan Vymazal provides us with a historical overview of the development of water quality treatment wetlands in Europe and North America. The research papers can be grouped into four groups: 1) use of remote sensing to analyze stability and dynamic factors affecting wetlands; 2) factors affecting the wetlands’ ability to store carbon; 3) assessment of wetlands effect on water quality; and 4) understanding historical use and value of wetlands, farmer’s attitudes about wetland management, and how we can value wetland ecosystem services. Finally, Bryzek et al. remind us that, as wetland researchers and managers, we should minimize damage to wetlands even through field monitoring work.
    Keywords: cyanobacteria ; phosphorus ; restoration ecology ; water quality ; wetland ; wetland soil ; microbial respiration ; CO2 efflux ; Everglades ; enzyme activity ; grazing ; created wetlands ; freshwater marshes ; carbon cycling ; wetlands ecosystems ; moral norms ; self-identity ; theory of planned behavior ; sustainability ; Poyang Lake ; ecosystem service value ; lakeshore zone ; Landsat ; remote sensing ; spatial–temporal changes ; human activities ; ghost forest ; forested wetland ; aboveground biomass ; soil carbon ; carbon dating ; constructed wetlands ; macrophytes ; pollution ; wastewater ; wetlands ; colonization ; nature-culture relationship ; perceptual typology ; coastal wetlands ; tidal flat reclamation ; stability ; impact ; Jiangsu coastal area ; anthropogenic activities ; climate change ; terrestrial ecosystems ; environmental impacts ; greenhouse gases ; cleaning ; efficacy ; ethics ; researcher impacts ; wetland decontamination ; wetland management history ; Ramsar convention ; wise use ; wetland assessment methods ; wetland valuation ; wetlands paradigm shift ; ecosystem approach ; wholescapes ; sustainable development ; World Charter for wetlands ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The papers included in this Special Issue tackle multiple aspects of how cities, districts, and buildings could evolve along with climate change and how this would impact our way of conceiving and applying design criteria, policies, and urban plans. Despite the multidisciplinary nature of the collection, some transversal take-home messages emerge: • Today’s energy-efficient paradigms may lose their virtuosity in the future unless accurate estimates of future scenarios are used to design modelling platforms and to inform legislative frameworks; • Acting at the local scale is key. Future climate change adaptation will be implemented at the local level. Overlooking regional and local specificities will contribute to inaccurate and inefficient action plans. As such, the smaller scale will become vital in predicting future urban metabolic rates and corresponding comfort-driven strategies; • Energy poverty, heat vulnerability, and social injustice are emerging as critical factors for planning and acting for future-proof cities on par of micro- and meso-climatological factors; • Given that the impacts of climate change will persist for many years, adaptation to this phenomenon should be prioritized by removing any prominent barrier and by enabling combinations of different mitigation technologies. These topics will receive a global reach in few decades, since also developing and underdeveloped countries are starting their fight against local climate change, with cities at the forefront.
    Keywords: outdoor space ; thermal environment ; radiation environment ; wind environment ; heat-related mortality ; built environment ; urban resilience ; extreme heat ; climate change ; urban heat island ; heat stress from outside ; indoor environments ; tropics ; multi-level office buildings ; coastal cities ; Mediterranean climate ; urban heat island intensity ; sample year ; climate change adaptation ; barriers ; focus group discussion ; Tehran ; structural equation modeling ; urban management ; near-zero energy buildings ; future scenarios ; energy efficiency ; adaptive comfort ; long-term performance ; urban heat ; Australia ; UHI effect ; mitigation ; bushfire smoke ; indoor air quality ; filtration ; building envelope ; energy ; future weather data ; building energy performance ; thermal comfort ; statistical downscaling of climate models ; dynamical downscaling of climate models ; urban modelling ; cities ; buildings ; decarbonization ; urbanisation ; climate ; densification ; population ; temperature ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This volume contains a series of papers prepared for presentation at the 14th International Coral Reef Symposium, originally planned for July 2020 in Bremen, Germany, but postponed until 2021 (online) and 2022 (in person) because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It contains a series of papers illustrating the breadth of modern studies on coral reefs and the response of the reef science community to the threats that coral reefs now face, above all from climate change. The first group of papers focus on the biology of a selection of reef organisms, ranging from sea fans to coral dwelling crabs. The next group describe studies of coral communities and ecological interactions in regions as diverse as Florida, Kenya, Colombia, and Norway. Further papers describe investigations into the effects of global warming (in the Maldives and in Timor-Leste) and of other impacts (UV blockers, ocean acidification). The final two papers describe the latest applications of satellite and camera technology to the challenge of mapping and monitoring reefs.
    Keywords: coral reefs ; cox1 ; H3 ; crustacea ; molecular systematics ; morphotypes ; Cassiopea xamachana ; C. frondosa ; Scyphozoan ; planulae ; settlement ; metamorphosis ; oxybenzone ; Gnathiidae ; Isopoda ; climate change ; ocean warming ; coral bleaching ; Great Barrier Reef ; Coral Triangle ; marine biomineralization ; inorganic mineralization ; ocean acidification (OA) ; omega ; dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) ; extracellular calcifying fluid (ECF) ; Maldives ; Indian Ocean ; El Niño ; mass coral bleaching ; coral mortality ; benthic cover ; satellite ; superspectral ; VHR ; topobathymetry ; LULC ; SUSC ; Moorea Island ; long-term mortality series ; population dynamics ; mass mortality ; octocorals ; habitat forming species ; extinction ; survival ; equilibrium points ; symbiodiniaceae ; zoantharians ; Trinidad coral reefs ; zooxanthellate ; biogeography ; Jaffna Peninsula ; coral mortality index ; DNA barcoding ; phylogeny ; biodiversity ; conservation ; ocean acidification ; carbonate chemistry dynamics ; biogeochemical dynamics ; in situ monitoring ; natural variability of environmental conditions ; Lophelia pertusa ; structural complexity ; coral reef ; Caribbean ; overfishing ; parrotfish ; Seaflower Biosphere Reserve ; reef ecology ; reef fish ; structure associations ; artificial structures ; symbiotic algae ; dinoflagellates ; Madagascar ; symbiosis ; coral reef ecosystem ; coral reef resilience ; global warming ; indicator species ; coral reef monitoring ; reef health ; review ; hyperspectral imaging ; marine optics ; ENSO ; temperature ; stable isotope ; coral disease ; coral health ; nutrients ; Indonesian ThroughFlow ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: This book focuses on parrots, which are among the most fascinating, attractive, and threatened birds, combining and synthesizing recent research on the biology, ecology, and conservation of both native and non-native parrot populations across the world.
    Keywords: circovirus ; PBFD ; BFDV ; rose-ringed parakeet ; monk parakeet ; invasive species ; CRAVED ; conservation criminology ; defaunation ; harvesting ; wildlife trade ; parrot abundance ; pets ; poaching ; Savage selectivity index ; conservation management ; conservation threats ; drivers of extinction ; illegal wildlife trade ; parrot conservation ; Psittacidae conservation ; threatened species ; unsustainable use of wildlife ; eBird ; endangered species ; population survey ; roost counts ; Psittacidae ; reintroduction ; Allee effect ; population ; survival ; reproduction ; site fidelity ; flock cohesion ; Amazona lilacina ; mangrove ; dry forest ; local knowledge ; attitudes ; Lilacine Amazon ; red-fronted macaw ; Andes ; dynamic vegetation model ; biotic interactions ; climate change ; RCP2.6 ; RCP8.5 ; foster chicks ; chick starvation ; chick survival ; chick supplemental feeding ; avian brood manipulation ; wildlife management ; Scarlet Macaw ; Perú ; conservation actions ; literature review ; wildlife markets ; soft-release ; acclimatization ; monitoring ; Amazon ; dispersion ; algarrobo ; drylands ; High Monte ; parrots ; seed dispersal ; soft seed viability ; stomatochory ; conservation genetics ; genetic assignment tests ; probable geographic origin ; Military Macaw ; psittaciformes ; macaw ; conure ; parakeet ; reintroduction techniques ; hand-rearing ; pioneer flock ; training ; flocking ; predator evasion ; wild parrots ; Chlamydia psittaci ; Psittacid alphaherpesvirus 1 ; avipoxvirus ; beak and feather disease virus ; cryptic species ; vocal variation ; parrot ; genetic differentiation ; open-ended learning ; Amazona farinosa ; bird abundance ; census ; bird density ; detectability ; distance sampling ; Psittaciformes ; genetic diversity ; demographic history ; population structure ; captive breeding ; blue-throated macaw ; thick-billed parrot ; naturalized parrots ; introduced species ; world parrot trade ; invasion biology ; Amazona ; species distribution models ; data integration models ; occupancy models ; citizen-science ; population size ; count data ; conservation ; ecology ; density ; endemism ; IUCN Red List ; CITES ; evolution ; genomics ; museomics ; Ara glaucogularis ; migration ; daily behavioral patterns ; Llanos de Moxos ; emerging infectious disease ; haplotypes ; viral diversification ; distribution ; environmental niche modelling ; research selection function ; psittacids ; state observation models ; captive populations ; glucocorticoids ; reproductive success ; seasonality ; Myiopsitta monachus ; home range ; sex ; age ; urbanization ; invasive alien species ; Circoviridae ; infectious disease ; surveillance ; viral infection ; vulnerable taxa ; wild populations ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue is expected to advance our understanding of these emerging patterns, teleconnections, and extreme events in a changing world for more accurate prediction or projection of their changes especially on different spatial–time scales.
    Keywords: thunderstorm ; variability ; trend ; ENSO ; IOD ; Bangladesh ; parameter and prediction uncertainty ; IMD ; TRMM ; CFSR ; Nagavali River Basin Region (NRB) ; freezing level ; climate change ; central Chile ; CMIP5 ; flooding ; ARW model ; microphysical schemes ; North Indian Ocean ; tropical cyclones ; average track error ; skill score ; WSM3 ; zonal rainy season ; agronomic onset definition ; trend detection ; ENSO-teleconnection ; spatio-temporal patterns ; spatio-temporal scanning ; local spatial autocorrelation ; extreme precipitation ; land–atmosphere interaction ; water vapor ; weather research and forecasting model ; precipitation ; evapotranspiration ; tuning layer ; extreme climate indicators ; bi-variate copula ; Hurst exponent ; wavelet transform ; precipitation concentration index ; extreme rainfall ; spatial inter-dependency ; Silk Road pattern ; evolution characteristics ; summer temperature ; Yangtze River Valley ; S2S prediction ; Australian summer monsoon ; MJO ; subseasonal peak rainfall event ; North Atlantic Oscillation ; NAO ; rainfall signatures ; spatio-temporal analysis ; stratified Cox model ; heterogeneous Markov chain model ; likelihood ratio test ; primary delay ; arrival delay ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book draws together a small selection of full-length papers based on presentations given at the 27th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition held in Lisbon, Portugal in 2019. The topics covered, which reflect the breadth of the program of the EUBCE conference itself, include biomass sources, various aspects of technologies used for the conversion of biomass to bioproducts and bioenergy, as well as different approaches to assessing environmental impacts, which include case studies based on different technologies in use in a range of countries.
    Keywords: bioeconomy ; bio-based industry ; biomass ; bioenergy ; industrial crop ; perennial crop ; low-input agriculture ; marginal land ; MALLIS ; sustainable agriculture ; HTC ; bio-coal ; manure ; slagging ; fouling ; corrosion ; process chemistry ; combustion ; waste to energy ; struvite ; HTL ; biorefinery ; renewable fuel ; HyFlexFuel ; rice harvest pellets ; palletization ; ash recovery ; normative ; anaerobic digestion ; methane production ; co-digestion ; combined heat and power ; farm-scale ; technical-economic analysis ; life cycle assessment ; greenhouse gas emission ; Ireland ; 5-hydroxymethylfurfural ; glucose ; heteropolyacid catalysts ; agroforestry ; waste valorization ; sustainable development goals ; renewable energy ; bioenergy transitions ; circular bioeconomy ; clean cooking ; life-cycle assessment ; energy policy ; barley straw ; torrefaction ; higher heating value ; severity factor ; sustainable development ; enhancement factor ; energy yield ; climate modelling ; climate change ; climate policy ; emission accounting ; global warming potential ; global temperature change potential ; greenhouse gas emissions ; impulse response function ; Bern Carbon Cycle model ; climate impacts of agriculture system ; conventional wheat ; olive trees ; silvopastoral ; acidification ; eutrophication ; energy crops ; miscanthus ; cardoon ; Paulownia tomentosa ; microalgae ; contaminated soils ; geographic information systems (GIS) ; ArcGIS ; adsorption ; ceramic filter ; gasification ; hot-gas cleaning ; lignocellulosic biomass ; cellulose pulp ; hydrolysis ; oxygen availability ; C:N ratio ; fermentation ; itaconic acid ; Aspergillus terreus ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: A total of 30 articles have been published in this special issue, and it consists of 27 research papers, 2 technical notes, and 1 review paper. A total of 104 authors from 9 countries including Korea, Spain, Taiwan, USA, Finland, China, Slovenia, the Netherlands, and Germany participated in writing and submitting very excellent papers that were finally published after the review process had been conducted according to very strict standards. Among the published papers, 13 papers directly addressed words such as sustainable, life cycle assessment (LCA) and CO2, and 17 papers indirectly dealt with energy and CO2 reduction effects. Among the published papers, there are 6 papers dealing with construction technology, but a majority, 24 papers deal with management techniques. The authors of the published papers used various analysis techniques to obtain the suggested solutions for each topic. Listed by key techniques, various techniques such as Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the Taguchi method, machine learning including Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), regression analysis, Strength–Weakness–Opportunity–Threat (SWOT), system dynamics, simulation and modeling, Building Information Model (BIM) with schedule, and graph and data analysis after experiments and observations are identified.
    Keywords: circular foundation pit ; construction monitoring ; numerical simulation ; underground continuous wall ; reinforced concrete ; precast concrete double wall ; retaining wall ; lateral pressure ; lateral bending ; settlement ; artificial neural network ; liquefaction ; building information modeling ; drone ; LIDAR ; point cloud ; progress tracking ; school buildings ; system dynamics ; deterioration ; rehabilitation ; lifecycle cost analysis ; budget allocation ; natural disaster ; risk management ; accommodations ; operations and maintenance ; lifecycle cost ; disaster management ; inter-floor noise ; multi-dwelling houses ; smartphone application ; real-time monitoring system ; agent-based simulation ; space service quality ; efficient operation ; musculoskeletal disorders ; construction workers ; muscle stress ; standard Nordic questionnaire ; awkward posture ; simulation ; rebar work ; cutting waste ; minimization ; sustainable construction ; CO2 emission ; cutting stock problem ; 5D building information modeling ; agile project organization ; schedule/cost reliability ; degree of protection ; impact damage ; blast wave ; sustainable design consideration ; elasto-plastic design ; climate change ; typhoon ; catastrophe model ; typhoon vulnerability function ; risk analysis ; air permeability ; watertightness ; airtightness ; infiltration ; aluminium window frames ; natural hazard ; power system failure ; in-situ production ; environmental loads ; CO2 emission reduction ; life cycle assessment ; optimization model ; elevator ; noise ; vibration ; construction management ; high-rise residential building ; free-form building ; free-form concrete panel ; aluminum powder ; composite PCM mold ; social capital ; living environment ; living infrastructure ; soft infrastructure ; living social overhead capital ; inclusive growth ; inclusive city ; sustainable construction management ; tower crane accident reduction ; priority of tower crane accident causes ; sustainable development ; global sustainability ; scientific infrastructures ; Post-COVID-19 Scenario ; modeling ; building stock development ; mortality of building stock ; residential buildings ; public buildings ; commercial buildings ; paper sludge ash ; deinking sludge ; paper industry ; backfill material ; occupational safety and health expenses ; construction safety ; safety cost expenditures ; apartment construction ; ground beam ; LCA ; prefabrication ; vibro-pile ; eurocode ; precast prestressed concrete pile ; continuous flight auger pile ; eco-costs ; economic ; LCA (life cycle assessment) ; earth-retaining wall ; excavation ; environment load ; environment cost ; bid price volatility ; uncertainty in bid documents ; pre-bid clarification document ; machine learning (ML), classification model ; public project ; sustainable project management ; stone sludge ; lightweight aggregates ; controlled low-strength materials ; Taguchi method ; rebar cutting waste ; optimization ; structural work ; systematic literature review ; management performance evaluation indicators (MAPEIs) for small construction firms ; AHP ; key performance indicators (KPIs) ; corporation management ; small construction firms ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Extreme climatic events, such as intense and prolonged droughts and heat waves, are occurring with increasing frequency and with pronounced impacts on forests. Forest trees, as long-lived organisms, need to develop adaptation mechanisms to successfully respond to such climatic extremes. Whether physiological adaptations on the tree level result in ecophysiological responses that ensure plasticity of forest ecosystems to climate change is currently in the core forest research. Within this Special Issue, forest species’ responses to climatic variability were reported from diverse climatic zones and ecosystem types: from near-desert mountains in western USA to tropical forests in central America and Asia, and from Mediterranean ecosystems to temperate European forests. The clear effects of constraints related to climate change were evidenced on the tree level, such as in differentiated gene expression, metabolite abundance, sap flow rates, photosynthetic performance, seed germination, survival and growth, while on the ecosystem level, tree line shifts, temporal shifts in allocation of resources and species shifts were identified. Experimental schemes such as common gardens and provenance trails also provided long-term indications on the tolerance of forest species against drought and warming and serve to evaluate their performance under the predicted climate in near future. These findings enhance our knowledge on the potential resilience of forest species and ecosystems to climate change and provide an updated basis for continuing research on this topic.
    Keywords: Cedrela odorata ; seeds ; germination ; cardinal temperatures ; thermal time ; climate change ; dendrochronology ; ecology ; moving window analysis ; Pinaceae ; Pinus arizonica Engelm. ; Pinus ponderosa var. brachyptera (Engelm.) ; Ponderosae ; response function ; tree rings ; global climate change ; forest ecology ; trees adaptation ; phenotypic plasticity ; Phoebe bournei ; nitrogen ; carbon dioxide ; photosynthesis ; leaf anatomy ; National Park ; tree line shift ; acclimation ; adaptation ; common garden ; drought ; ecodistance ; mortality ; stomatal frequency ; stomatal size ; sap flux ; radial profile ; sapwood depth ; Aleppo pine ; diurnal variation ; seasonal variation ; climate ; basal area increment ; forest dieback ; Mediterranean forest ; stem growth ; water availability ; Quercus ; morphology evaluation ; survival rate ; extreme frost ; heat and drought ; open-top chamber ; RNA sequencing ; gene expression analysis ; Populus ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Aquatic ecosystems and the water they hold have attracted people over the centuries. With the technological development and increasing needs of human society, the attitude to water and aquatic ecosystems has changed. Consequently, biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems has declined dramatically and it is still decreasing. Anthropogenic exploitation of these ecosystems and alterations of their hydrology has largely influenced hydrology-shaped plant communities. This Special Issue, “Hydrology-Shaped Plant Communities: Diversity and Ecological Function” brings new outcomes about the interactions between hydrological factors and wide spectrum of plant communities. In ecosystems, where human activities directly or indirectly affected the hydrological factors, dependent plant communities have also changed or even disappeared. These plant communities have multiple ecological functions, and one of the most important are the maintenance of water quality and enhancement of local and regional diversity of other biotic communities like diatoms, invertebrates or fish. Thus, detailed knowledge and suitable management of hydrology-shaped plant communities is a prerequisite for their unconstrained ecological functions and high diversity of aquatic ecosystems in the widest sense. The Special Issue consists of ten peer-reviewed papers on plant communities in a variety of ecosystems - from the small kettle-holes in the lowlands of northern Germany to the river Danube - the largest river within the European Union, and from different wetland types in Central Europe to the Donggting Lake – fourth largest lake in China.
    Keywords: spatial-temporal dynamics ; aquatic vegetation ; water level fluctuation ; Longgan lake ; Google Earth Engine ; Phragmites australis ; water level fluctuations ; temperature ; morphometric parameters ; biomass allocation ; oospores ; gyrogonites ; Baltic Sea ; wave exposure ; charophyte stands ; seafloor topography ; salinity gradient ; plant communities ; habitat ; meadow ; Pannonian Plain ; Trifolion pallidi ; vegetation ; carbon stocks ; hardwood floodplain forest ; hydrological conditions ; floodplain ecology ; ponds ; small wetlands ; macrophytes ; changes in the water surface ; hydrological variability ; succession ; climate change ; unmanned aerial system ; Danube ; large river ; neophytes ; distribution ; growth forms ; rivers ; streams ; Slovenia ; chromosome number ; climatic niche ; distribution trends ; ecological niche ; fishpond habitats ; genome size ; genetic diversity ; Isoëto-Nanojuncetea ; soil seed bank ; species diversity ; automatic sensor system ; Central Europe ; fish farming ; freshwater algae ; epiphytic diatoms ; functional species groups ; threatened species ; vascular plants ; wave action ; wetland vegetation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This book focuses on the tools and methods used for tackling the complexity of the different hydrological and hydrogeological set-ups, the hydrodynamic patterns, the site specifications, and the wide variability of internal and external factors and/or processes on the catchment-scale level that impose the need for combined integrated approaches of robust methods. This Special Issue aims to provide successful applications or new insights on the stand-alone or joint considerations of groundwater resources assessment and characterization methods and explore new state-of-the-art methodological concepts in light of a rapidly changing environment.
    Keywords: drought ; precipitation ; SPI ; groundwater salinization ; karst ; seawater intrusion ; Soil and Water Assessment Tool ; SEAWAT model ; irrigation management ; groundwater ; climate change ; sea level rise ; nitrate ; leachate ; modelling ; validation ; state scale ; integrated water resources management ; coastal agricultural basin ; groundwater nitrate pollution ; hydrochemistry ; hydrodynamics ; environmental isotopes ; Tirnavos basin ; groundwater recharge ; groundwater sustainability ; hydrology models ; Modder River ; sustainability index ; GALDIT ; monthly vulnerability ; seawater intrusion (SWI) ; vulnerability assessment ; effective weight ; densely populated area ; freshwater–saltwater interactions ; multilayer coastal aquifer ; hydro-geochemistry ; Tevere River delta ; Ostia Antica archaeological park ; drinking and irrigation water scarcity ; groundwater potential mapping ; machine learning ; remote sensing ; GIS ; karstic mountainous aquifers ; Morocco ; hydrogeological properties ; natural groundwater fluctuations ; semi-arid zones ; depleting groundwater resources ; Guadalupe Valley Aquifer ; chromium ; ultramafic rocks ; springs ; water–rock interaction ; natural background levels ; aquifer ; intrinsic vulnerability ; RIVA method ; index-overlay method ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: The present book contains ten articles illustrating the different possible uses of UAVs and satellite remotely sensed data integration in Geographical Information Systems to model and predict changes in both the natural and the human environment. It illustrates the powerful instruments given by modern geo-statistical methods, modeling, and visualization techniques. These methods are applied to Arctic, tropical and mid-latitude environments, agriculture, forest, wetlands, and aquatic environments, as well as further engineering-related problems. The present Special Issue gives a balanced view of the present state of the field of geoinformatics.
    Keywords: mosaicking ; urban image ; seamline determination ; deep learning ; D-LinkNet ; climate change ; evergreen plants ; extreme events ; flavonol and chlorophyll sensor (Dualex) ; greenness indices ; mosses ; near-remote sensing active and passive NDVI sensors ; Sentinel-2 ; subarctic vegetation damage ; crop growth ; reflectance saturation ; crop model ; assimilation ; crop growth stage ; method combinations ; sentinel-2A image ; UAV image ; remote sensing ; soil salinity ; Love/Shida numbers ; satellite laser ranging (SLR) ; Yarragadee station ; Mount Stromlo station ; LAGEOS ; STELLA ; STARLETTE satellites ; SLR stations coordinates ; ITRF2014 ; Lake Ladoga ; CMEMS GlobColour CHL-OC5 ; eutrophication ; water quality assessment ; pulp and paper mill ; ecological status ; phytoplankton and chlorophyll-a ; chemical wastewater pollution ; ArcGIS ; big data ; blueberries ; image analysis ; orthomosaics ; segmentation refinement ; UAVs ; HAPS ; UAV ; monitoring ; constrained multiple objective optimization ; temporal hierarchical task planning ; GNSS stations ; tectonic plate motion parameters ; ITRF ; vegetation monitoring ; drivers of deforestation ; Zambezi region ; land degradation ; vegetation cover change ; wildlife management ; TSS-RESTREND ; greening and browning ; MODIS ; Mann–Kendall ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This book covers a broad range of sea surface temperature studies from very different points of view and scales; the SST is observed from very local to regional and oceanic scales. The chapters of this book move from local and remote data sensing validation to local and regional trend analysis, and also give some insight into marine heatwaves and future climate scenarios.
    Keywords: sea surface temperature ; upper ocean heat content ; hurricane intensity ; Northeast Pacific ; Hawaii ; Hurricane Genevieve ; Hurricane Iselle ; Hurricane Julio ; satellite SST ; in situ ; coral reefs ; water temperature ; internal waves ; upwelling ; advection ; climate change ; coral bleaching ; air temperature ; Mann–Kendall test ; Split ; Hvar ; Komiža ; decadal and seasonal SST variation ; East China Shelf Seas ; CMIP5 ; WOA18 ; marine heatwaves ; Eastern Mediterranean Sea ; maximum intensity ; wind stress ; mean sea level pressure ; Red Sea ; marine heat wave ; duration ; frequency ; El Niño ; the NECC ; east of the dateline ; Pacific Ocean ; climate variability ; extreme events ; global climate models ; ecosystems ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This second volume of the Special Issue includes 13 contributions, from across the world, with very interesting research topics such as: Energy Intensity Reduction; Large-Scale Non-Residential Buildings; Dynamic Control of HVAC with Heat Pumps; Reed Potential as a Regenerative Building Material and Their Performance Characterisation; Experimental Evaluation of Energy-Efficiency in a Holistically Designed Building; A Case Study of Design and Energy Performance Analysis of a Hotel Building in a Hot and Dry Climate; Internal Convective and Radiative Heat Transfer Coefficients for a Vertical Wall in a Residential Building; Passive Façade Performance Evaluation with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) during the Architectural Design Process; Thermal Performance Improvement of Double-Pane Lightweight Steel Framed (LSF) Walls Using Thermal Break Strips (TBS) and Reflective Foils; Energy Performance of Buildings with Thermochromic Windows in Mediterranean Climates; Energy Performance and Benchmarking for University Classrooms in Hot and Humid Climates; Effect of HVAC’s Management on Indoor Thermo-Hygrometric Comfort and Energy Balance: In Situ Assessments on a Real nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB); Stochastic-Based Optimisation Approach towards the Integration of Photovoltaic Panels in Multi-Residential Social Housing; Effect of Climate Change and Occupant Behaviour on the Environmental Impact of the Heating/Cooling Systems of a Real Apartment: A Parametric Study through Life Cycle Assessment; Road Thermal Collector for Building Heating in South Europe (Italy): Numerical Modeling and Design of an Experimental Set-Up.
    Keywords: energy efficiency improvement ; HVAC operation ; dynamic optimization ; sustainability ; reed (Arundo donax) ; material characterisation ; natural materials ; vernacular architecture ; holistic ; energy management system ; sustainable ; building performance ; thermal performance ; indoor comfort ; energy performance ; design parameters ; energy simulation ; building envelope ; convection ; radiation ; heat transfer coefficient ; correlation ; climate-adaptive building shells ; sustainable design ; energy efficiency ; shape-memory alloy ; climate change ; experimental assessment ; double-pane ; lightweight steel frame (LSF) ; partition walls ; aerogel thermal break strips ; aluminium reflective foils ; thermochromic coatings ; solar transmittance ; solar reflectance ; Energy Use Intensity ; higher education buildings ; energy consumption ; benchmarking ; hot and humid climates ; EnergyPlus ; nZEB ; HVAC management ; monitoring campaign ; load matching ; computational fluid dynamics ; social housing ; energy demand ; energy refurbishment ; internal gains ; occupation rate ; life cycle cost ; life cycle assessment (LCA) ; ReCiPe indicator ; global warming potential (GWP) indicator ; environmental impact ; heating and cooling systems ; occupant behaviour ; road thermal collector ; borehole thermal storage ; alternative energy system ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering
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    Unknown
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Each year, natural hazards such as earthquakes, cyclones, flooding, landslides, wildfires, avalanches, volcanic eruption, extreme temperatures, storm surges, drought, etc., result in widespread loss of life, livelihood, and critical infrastructure globally. With the unprecedented growth of the human population, largescale development activities, and changes to the natural environment, the frequency and intensity of extreme natural events and consequent impacts are expected to increase in the future.Technological interventions provide essential provisions for the prevention and mitigation of natural hazards. The data obtained through remote sensing systems with varied spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions particularly provide prospects for furthering knowledge on spatiotemporal patterns and forecasting of natural hazards. The collection of data using earth observation systems has been valuable for alleviating the adverse effects of natural hazards, especially with their near real-time capabilities for tracking extreme natural events. Remote sensing systems from different platforms also serve as an important decision-support tool for devising response strategies, coordinating rescue operations, and making damage and loss estimations.With these in mind, this book seeks original contributions to the advanced applications of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) techniques in understanding various dimensions of natural hazards through new theory, data products, and robust approaches.
    Keywords: sequential estimation ; InSAR time series ; groundwater ; land subsidence and rebound ; earthquake ; rapid mapping ; damage assessment ; deep learning ; convolutional neural networks ; ordinal regression ; aerial image ; landslide ; machine learning models ; remote sensing ; ensemble models ; validation ; ice storm ; forest ecosystems ; disaster impact ; post-disaster recovery ; ice jam ; snowmelt ; flood mapping ; monitoring and prediction ; VIIRS ; ABI ; NUAE ; flash flood ; BRT ; CART ; naive Bayes tree ; geohydrological model ; landslide susceptibility ; Bangladesh ; digital elevation model ; random forest ; modified frequency ratio ; logistic regression ; automatic landslide detection ; OBIA ; PBA ; random forests ; supervised classification ; landslides ; uncertainty ; K-Nearest Neighbor ; Multi-Layer Perceptron ; Random Forest ; Support Vector Machine ; agriculture ; drought ; NDVI ; MODIS ; landslide deformation ; InSAR ; reservoir water level ; Sentinel-1 ; Three Gorges Reservoir area (China) ; peri-urbanization ; urban growth boundary demarcation ; climate change ; climate migrants ; natural hazards ; flooding ; land use and land cover ; night-time light data ; Dhaka ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
    Language: English
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    Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Climate change has become one of the most significant and fastest growing threats to cultural heritage around the globe. Yet cultural heritage sites and collections also serve as invaluable sources of resilience for communities to address climate change. In March 2020, the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the Smithsonian’s National Collections Program convened the symposium “Stemming the Tide: Global Strategies for Sustaining Cultural Heritage through Climate Change” to empower cultural heritage authorities, managers, and advocates to pursue more ambitious engagement and collaborative approaches to climate change. Speakers explored six categories of cultural heritage identified by the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS): Cultural Landscapes and Historic Urban Landscapes, Archaeological Sites, Built Heritage (Buildings and Structures), Cultural Communities, Intangible Cultural Heritage, and Museums and Collections.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: materials conservation ; heritage ; climate change ; cultural heritage ; museum studies ; museums ; collections ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GL Library and information sciences / Museology::GLZ Museology and heritage studies
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Currently, studies on land use in territorial planning are of interest, the purpose of which was previously to analyze the aptitude of each type of land for a specific use, based on its ability to assume impacts and the potential that the land may have had. The analysis of erosive risks constitutes a parameter to take into account in said management.The scientific community, given the enormous social interest in monitoring and controlling the environment, is developing methodologies that allow such control that is more efficient. One of the environmental factors to consider is the soil, which constitutes the support for life and is one of the basic natural elements, which is evident in the European Soil Charter, of the Council of Europe, which says, in its first point: “The soil is one of the most precious goods of Humanity. It allows the life of plants, animals and man on the surface of the Earth”. This European charter also highlights the scarcity and fragility of the edaphic resource, indicating that it must be protected through a greater effort in scientific research and interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure the rational use and conservation of soil.
    Keywords: agrarian ecosystem ; GIS ; geostatistics ; kriging ; soil mapping ; vegetation dynamics ; RUSLE ; sentinel-2 ; soil erosion ; wildfire ; land use ; landscape fragmentation ; remote sensing ; climate change ; erosion risk ; runoff ; A-DinSAR ; macrofungi ; field sampling ; fungal diversity ; Mediterranean forests ; Quercus ilex ; soil organic carbon ; soil erodibility ; terraced paddy field ; upland rice ; Thailand ; Chenopodium quinoa Willd (quinoa) ; Amaranthus caudatus L. (achita) ; Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen (cañihua) ; ethnobotany ; Andean grains ; food uses ; medicinal uses ; edaphic resilience and crops ; flood mapping ; Sentinel-2 ; spectral indices ; cluster analysis ; soil organic matter ; recovery ; post-fire management ; Quercus pubescens Willd. ; Juniperus communis L. ; natural radioactivity ; spatial distribution ; IDW ; prediction maps ; groundwater ; drinking water ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The school of thought surrounding the urban ecosystem has increasingly become in vogue among researchers worldwide. Since half of the world’s population lives in cities, urban ecosystem services have become essential to human health and wellbeing. Rapid urban growth has forced sustainable urban developers to rethink important steps by updating and, to some degree, recreating the human–ecosystem service linkage. Assessing, as well as estimating the losses of ecosystem services can denote the essential effects of urbanization and increasingly indicate where cities fall short. This book contains 13 thoroughly refereed contributions published within the Special Issue “Urban Ecosystem Services”. The book addresses topics such as nature-based solutions, green space planning, green infrastructure, rain gardens, climate change, and more. The contributions highlight new findings for landscape architects, urban planners, and policymakers. Important future cities research is considered by looking at the system connectivity between the social and ecological sphere—via varying forms of urban planning, management, and governance. The book is supported by methods and models that utilize an urban sustainability and ecosystem service-centric focus by adding knowledge-base and real-world solutions into the urbanization phenomenon.
    Keywords: urban planning ; urban space ; urban regeneration ; planning process ; public participation ; forest fragmentation ; sustainable development goal (SDG) ; land consumption rate to the population growth rate (LCRPGR) ; biodiversity ; non-native species ; protected species ; range expansion ; species distributions ; ecosystem services ; assessment ; urban ecosystem services ; site ; green infrastructure ; cities ; systematic literature review ; urban greenspace ; privatization ; property rights ; incremental greenspace loss ; the tyranny of small decisions ; resilience planning ; urban densification ; baseline shifts ; urban nature connection ; green spaces ; ecosystem disservices ; economic benefits ; proximity principle ; hedonic pricing analysis ; climate change ; human health, human-nature connection theory ; urbanization ; urban resilience theory ; capacity building ; municipal planning practice ; urban governance ; environmental planning ; nature-based solutions ; urban adaptive capacity ; LiDAR/NDVI ; stakeholders ; Delphi analysis ; full-scale infiltration test ; MPD infiltration test ; boreholes ; SuDS ; NBS ; flood resilience ; online climate adaptation platforms ; citizen science ; community-building ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-08-09
    Description: This book is for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners who want to understand the dynamics and governance of low-carbon transitions. It shows how UK electricity, heat, and mobility systems are being reconfigured and explains the varying speed, depth, and scope of change. Available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
    Keywords: climate change ; low-carbon energy transitions ; sustainability ; energy ; transport ; energy economics ; energy policy ; renewable energy ; environmental studies
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This book addresses political knowledge of climate change and its relation to labelling people affected by climate change, either as ‘climate refugees’ or as ‘climate change-induced displaced people or migrants’. By questioning the knowledge of climate change and subsequent labelling of people, this book will spark debate in studies of global climate politics and transnational policy networks. Rather than considering the issue of climate change as a given phenomenon, the author explores how the politicized knowledge of climate change has been produced in international negotiations and how that knowledge is transmitted from global forums to local country levels via climate change action plans and resilience projects. This book introduces the concept of multi-scalar knowledge brokers (MKBs) – individual actors who work at multiple levels (local, national, and international) to transmit the knowledge of climate change from global level to local level. The author uses the primary case study of Bangladesh to demonstrate how the dominant actors in global climate politics – the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and the World Bank, as well as the USA and the UK – interact with the government and local NGOs in Bangladesh regarding transmitting the knowledge of climate change, labelling the uprooted people, and implementing resilience projects. This book will be of interest to students, scholars, and practitioners of international relations, environmental politics, climate change studies, political ecology, political geography, and migration and displacement studies.
    Keywords: bangladesh ; climate change ; climate finance ; climate refugee ; diplacement ; ecology ; economic resilience ; environmental politics ; global climate politics ; IPCC ; knowledge network theory ; migrant ; migration ; multi-scalar knowledge broker ; transnational ; UNFCCC ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    The MIT Press | The MIT Press
    Publication Date: 2022-02-21
    Description: The growth of the global meat industry and the implications for climate change, food insecurity, workers' rights, the treatment of animals, and other issues. Global meat production and consumption have risen sharply and steadily over the past five decades, with per capita meat consumption almost doubling since 1960. The expanding global meat industry, meanwhile, driven by new trade policies and fueled by government subsidies, is dominated by just a few corporate giants. Industrial farming—the intensive production of animals and fish—has spread across the globe. Millions of acres of land are now used for pastures, feed crops, and animal waste reservoirs. Drawing on concrete examples, the contributors to Global Meat explore the implications of the rise of a global meat industry for a range of social and environmental issues, including climate change, clean water supplies, hunger, workers' rights, and the treatment of animals. Three themes emerge from their discussions: the role of government and corporations in shaping the structure of the global meat industry; the paradox of simultaneous rising meat production and greater food insecurity; and the industry's contribution to social and environmental injustice. Contributors address such specific topics as the dramatic increase in pork production and consumption in China; land management by small-scale cattle farmers in the Amazon; the effect on the climate of rising greenhouse gas emissions from cattle raised for meat; and the tensions between economic development and animal welfare. Contributors Conner Bailey, Robert M. Chiles, Celize Christy, Riva C. H. Denny, Carrie Freshour, Philip H. Howard, Elizabeth Ransom, Tom Rudel, Mindi Schneider, Nhuong Tran, Bill Winders
    Keywords: Globalization ; meat industry ; aquaculture ; corporations ; poultry ; pork ; chicken ; beef ; fish ; CAFOs ; animal welfare ; environment ; labor ; China ; Rwanda ; Ecuador ; United States ; climate change ; solutions ; consumption ; meat processing ; subsidies ; agricultural subsidies ; seafood ; fisheries ; livestock ; industrial livestock ; agribusiness ; immigration ; race ; deportation ; USDA ; emissions ; nutrition ; animal rights ; nutrition transition ; dietary transition ; sustainability ; sustainable development ; vegetarianism ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy & protocols ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution & threats to the environment
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue provides an insight, collated from 26 articles, focusing on various aspects of the Fit-For-Purpose Land Administration (FFPLA) concept and its application. It presents some influential and innovative trends and recommendations for designing, implementing, maintaining and further developing Fit-For-Purpose solutions for providing secure land rights at scale. The first group of 14 articles is published in Volume One and discusses various conceptual innovations related to spatial, legal and institutional aspects and its wider applications within land use management. The second group of 12 articles is published in Volume Two and focuses on case studies from various countries throughout the world, providing evidence and lessons learned from the FFPLA implementation process.
    Keywords: complete cadastre ; legal element ; fixing boundary ; eligible landowner ; agreement ; boundary marker ; fit-for-purpose land administration (FFP LA) ; violent conflict ; United Nations ; extra-legal ; transitional justice ; peace building ; land governance ; power relations ; securing land rights ; land registration ; development impacts ; fit-for-purpose land administration ; land administration ; decentralization ; India ; fit-for-purpose ; institutions ; governance ; politics ; Amazon ; deforestation ; Fit-For-Purpose land administration ; participatory mapping ; indigenous land conflict ; Cumaribo ; Colombia ; community-based land adjudication ; components of adjudication ; land tenure ; land rights ; good practices ; updating land records ; systematic land registration ; unconventional approach ; case study ; Benin ; cadaster ; land administration domain model ; LADM ; cadastre ; FFPLA ; customary tenure ; land inventory ; land management ; mobile-based applications ; pro-poor ; land surveying ; tenure security ; land rights and tenure ; fit-for-purpose approach ; human rights ; design science research ; design thinking ; fit for purpose ; spatial data quality ; spatial data quality assurance ; maintenance ; update ; upgrade ; upkeep ; renewal ; data quality ; spatial framework ; STDM ; technology ; UAV ; feature extraction ; rapid urbanization ; climate change ; pandemic ; urban resilience ; spatial ; legal ; and institutional frameworks ; land tenure security ; pro-poor land recordation ; land governance reform ; cost effectiveness ; innovative technology ; case studies ; Uganda ; customary land tenure ; land recordation tools ; semantic technologies ; land information system ; fit-for-purpose land management ; aerial and street level imagery ; machine learning ; integrated land programs ; land policy ; pilot study ; informal settlements ; urban development ; Brazil ; community-based crowdsourcing ; SiGIT ; Ecuador ; land and resources rights ; public-private partnerships ; corporate social responsibility ; poverty reduction ; business driven solutions ; social enterprises ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Publication Date: 2022-01-15
    Description: This open access book shines a light on how and why academic work became entwined with air travel, and what can be done to change academia’s flying habit. The starting point of the book is that flying is only one means of scholarly communication among many, and that the state of the planet now obliges us to shift to other means. How can the academic-as-globetrotter become a thing of the past? The chapters in this book respond to this call in three steps. It documents the consequences of academic flying, it investigates the issue of why academics fly, and it begins an effort to think through what can replace flying, and how. Finally, it confronts scholars and scientists, students, activists, research funders, university administrators, and others, with a call to translate this research into action.
    Keywords: new mobilities paradigm ; mobilities ; climate change ; air travel ; carbon footprint ; academic communication ; academic conferences ; academic institutions ; university administrators ; academic flying ; sustainability ; communication technology ; COVID-19 ; open access ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Climatic change causes a mismatch between tree populations on sites they currently occupy and the climate to which they have adapted in the past. The maintenance of productivity and of ecological and societal services requires resilient populations and ecosystems, particularly close to the vulnerable trailing (xeric) range limits. The studies confirm the selective effect of diverse habitat/climate conditions across the species ranges. Soil conditions may mask climate effects and should be considered separately. The unique potential of provenance tests is illustrated by growth response projections that may be less dramatic than provided by usual inventory data analyses. Assisted migration appears to be a feasible management action to compensate for climatic warming. However, the choice of populations needs special care under extreme conditions and outside the limits of current natural distribution ranges. The proper differentiation of measures according to the present and future adaptive challenges require the continuation of long-term analyses and the establishment of better focused field trials in disparate climates that contain populations from a representative range of habitats. The studies present results obtained from diverse regions of the temperate forest zone, from Central and Northwestern Europe, the Mediterranean, Russia, China, North and Central America.
    Keywords: Camptotheca acuminata ; MaxEnt ; climateAP ; suitable habitat ; climate change ; soil ; genetic variation ; seed sourcing ; forest management ; genetic conservation ; Pinus sylvestris ; climate-change impacts ; ecosystem responses to climate ; species distributions ; climatype distributions ; adaptive management ; provenance test ; genecology ; reforestation ; restoration ; conservation ; assisted migration ; climatic change ; climate transfer distance ; dryness index ; Abies religiosa ; survival ; mortality ; biomass ; basal diameter ; Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve ; Picea abies ; field trials ; provenances ; families ; clones ; height growth ; phenotypic stability ; phenotypic plasticity ; mountain forest ; tree species selection ; Scots pine ; adaptation ; wood anatomy ; tracheidogram ; traits ; common garden ; silver fir ; grand fir ; Balkan firs ; drought stress ; resilience ; scots pine seed mass and seed zones ; a provenance trial ; bioclimatic models ; an ensemble of general circulation models ; RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 scenarios ; Russia ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Sustainable development in the agriculture sector is crucial to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (UN). There are lots of challenges to developing modern and intelligent agricultural techniques, tools, and systems, by which sustainable agriculture and food security can be satisfied. In addition, carbon-neutral development and clean energy utilization are also associated with the UN-SDGs. Such agricultural, biological, and environmental engineering studies are needed in the 21st century, particularly from the viewpoint of the agricultural water–energy–food security nexus. This book focuses on the recent proliferation and technological advancements in these engineering applications. This book aims to share recent updates on agricultural, biological, and environmental engineering, and the application of these engineering techniques in the agriculture sector. It presents such engineering technologies and applications in seven categories that include energy system applications in agriculture (three studies); irrigation and drainage (four studies); biomass, biogas, and biochar (three studies); farm mechanization and soil science (three studies); remote sensing and geographical studies (two studies); wastewater and biological studies (two studies); and case studies and societal aspects in agriculture (five studies). The editors believe that this book will be useful for agricultural scientists, researchers, and students.
    Keywords: air heat pump ; carbon dioxide ; formaldehyde ; electricity consumption ; ultra-fine dust ; municipal waste ; biological fertilizer ; phytopathogens ; sustainable agriculture ; organic waste treatment ; optical remote sensing ; microwave remote sensing ; phenology-based method ; forest conservation ; forest management ; rural residents ; economic incentives ; Pakistan ; less-favoured areas ; agricultural policy ; farm profitability ; traction ; soil ; sinkage ; single-track shoe ; penetration ; cohesion ; adhesion ; ANOVA ; Brassica chinensis ; coefficient of variation ; double-row ; metering device ; pneumatic ; greenhouse ; computational fluid dynamics ; airflow ; temperature ; humidity ; horticulture ; Zagazig ; Egypt ; willingness to accept ; gross margin ; mixed cropping ; ordered logistic regression ; bioresources ; circular bioeconomy ; economic analysis ; Nitrification inhibitor ; smog ; Wheat straw ; poultry farms ; air-conditioning ; evaporative cooling systems ; temperature-humidity index ; temperature-humidity-velocity index ; soil erosion ; sediment yield ; RUSLE ; sediment transport modeling ; Gomal River ; arid regions ; surface drain system ; design ; drainage effluent ; GF-6 ; maize ; straw ; support vector machine ; random forest ; red-edge wavelength ; biomass ; furnace ; efficiency ; economics ; carbon nanotubes ; surface modification ; heavy metals ; adsorption ; water and wastewater treatment ; renewable energy ; biogas production ; livestock manure ; anaerobic digestion ; COVID-19 ; Iran ; food security ; economic crisis ; agriculture ; food supply chain ; agricultural economy ; drip irrigation system ; net revenue ; small landholders ; sustainable irrigation ; agroforestry ; allometric equations ; carbon stock ; organic carbon ; potassium ; zinc ; physiological attributes ; climate change ; environment ; human health ; resources ; wastewater ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This book deals with sustainable agriculture at a time of climate change. It seeks to identify a number of solutions to deal with the agricultural stresses caused by climate change. These range from the identification and cultivation of appropriate crop varieties and the adoption of climate adaptive agricultural practices. Significant sustainable agricultural innovation is required to deal with these challenges. Intellectual property rights (IPRs) may be of crucial importance for modern agriculture. They serve to make R&D in agriculture attractive, by encouraging investment in new technologies and generating tradeable assets. A number of the chapters of this book refer to the principal IPRs relevant to agricultural innovation, namely: (i) patents, which protect inventions; (ii) plant variety rights, which protect the breeding of new and distinct plant varieties; and (iii) trademarks and geographical indications, which facilitate the marketing of products by providing protection for the symbols of their manufacturing or geographic origin. The United Nations Climate Change Panel has urged the consideration of the agricultural practices of traditional communities and some of these practices particularly involving rice, banana, and brassica cultivation are explored in the book. This book is essential reading for officials of governments and international organizations concerned with sustainability, as well as scholars and students concerned with these subjects
    Keywords: alternative energy source ; Ethiopian mustard ; sustainability ; agricultural green development ; entropy weight method ; spatial heterogeneity ; spatial spillover effect ; China ; rice yields ; climate change ; phenology ; relative contribution ; partial correlation ; seed security ; banana tissue culture planting material ; uptake ; banana farmers ; central Uganda ; traditional rice economics ; institutional ; socio-demographic factors ; multinomial logit model ; constraints ; China-Africa cooperation ; agricultural program ; agricultural training ; technology adoption ; dams ; agriculture ; livelihoods ; health ; schistosomiasis ; restoration ; sustainable development ; climate adaptation ; rice–wheat cropping system ; South Asia ; water requirements ; nitrogen ; direct seeding ; agricultural science, technology and innovation ; Innovation efficiency ; DEA ; G20 ; productivity ; efficiency ; food security ; digital agriculture ; smart farming ; digitalization ; digital technologies ; Middle East and North Africa ; decision making ; instrumental variable ; neighbourhood effects ; rice farmers ; risk attitudes ; spatial dependence ; agricultural innovation ; sustainable agriculture ; plant breeding ; cereals ; intellectual property ; agricultural law ; plant variety rights ; seed marketing ; European Union ; fertilizer ; knowledge ; attitude ; ease of use ; motivation ; work performance ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    IRD Éditions
    Publication Date: 2022-12-15
    Description: Designed to reach the widest possible audience, this volume showcases some of the research projects which best illustrate the commitment of the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) to biodiversity and sustainable development. Among today’s many pressing environmental challenges, protecting biodiversity is probably one of the most complex, since it cannot be understood independently of its interactions with the human societies who live with it, use it, manage it, destroy and, occasionally, protect it. As the examples contained herein demonstrate, biodiversity can no longer be confined by narrow academic boundaries. On the contrary, it is a subject inextricably linked with all of the major dynamics, human and non-human, which shape the global and local changes we currently face. In this respect, the present volume is testament to the commitment demonstrated by IRD and its partners to a vision of scientific endeavour which yields tangible, utilisable knowledge for the Global South, sustainability science in the strongest sense of the term, allowing our planet and its biodiversity to thrive in the long term.
    Keywords: biodiversity ; conservation ; deforestation ; nutrition ; climate change ; global health ; ecology ; Afrique ; Asie ; Amérique latine ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNK Conservation of the environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Over the past few decades, global warming and climate change have impacted the hydrologic cycle. Many models have been developed to simulate hydrologic processes. Obtaining accurate climatic data on local/meso, and global scales is essential for the realistic simulation of hydrologic processes. However, the limited availability of climatic data often poses a challenge to hydrologic modeling efforts. Hydrologic science is currently undergoing a revolution in which the field is being transformed by the multitude of newly available data streams. Historically, hydrologic models that have been developed to answer basic questions about the rainfall–runoff relationship, surface water, and groundwater storage/fluxes, land–atmosphere interactions, have been optimized for previously data-limited conditions. With the advent of remote sensing technologies and increased computational resources, the environment for water cycle researchers has fundamentally changed to one where there is now a flood of spatially distributed and time-dependent data. The bias in the climatic data is propagated through models and can yield estimation errors. Therefore, the bias in climatic data should be removed before their use in hydrologic models. Climatic data have been a core component of the science of hydrology. Their intrinsic role in understanding and managing water resources and developing sound water policies dictates their vital importance. This book aims to present recent advances concerning climatic data and their applications in hydrologic models.
    Keywords: statistical weather generator ; stochastic process ; Diyala River basin ; Wilks’ technique ; hydrological models ; rainfall ; surface runoff ; linear regression models ; curve number ; SCS.CN model ; mulching ; wildfire ; prescribed fire ; n/a ; CHIRPS ; GPM-IMERG ; rainfall data scarcity ; agro-hydrology ; Rift Valley Lake Basin ; hydrological research basin ; precipitation ; temperature ; long-term trends ; climate change ; evapotranspiration ; groundwater recharge ; thresholds ; seasonality ; spatiotemporal variations ; regional-scale ; long-term ; HydroBudget model ; cold and humid climates ; Quebec (Canada) ; tank cascade system ; dry zone ; water governance ; flood control ; traditional knowledge ; community participation ; Sri Lanka ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: This Special Issue brings together some interconnected topics related to fungi and plants such as biodiversity, taxonomy, conservation, molecular phylogeny, ecology, and plant–fungal interactions. Additionally, some applied aspects are covered, such as phytoremediation, the improvement of spinach growth by biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, bio-friendly solutions for waste reduction, the accumulation of rare-earth elements by wild edible mushrooms, etc.
    Keywords: 1 new taxon ; Agaricomycetes ; Basidiomycota ; biodiversity ; climate change ; Inocybaceae ; taxonomy ; spinach ; biochar ; AMF ; plant growth ; root morphological traits ; chlorophyll content ; soil enzymes and microbial biomass ; boletes ; morphology ; phylogeny ; new taxa ; DNA metabarcoding ; phylogenetic structure ; habitat filtering ; molecular phylogeny ; fungal ecology ; multi-gene phylogeny ; plant pathogen ; soil-borne fungi ; tree disease ; ascomycetous yeast ; distribution ; new species ; Wickerhamomyces ; mushrooms ; trace elements ; rare earth elements ; urban soils ; forest ; Boletales ; bolete diversity ; biogeography ; mycorrhizal fungi ; metal(loid)s pollution ; soil ; plants ; waste ; recyclable substrates ; oyster fungi ; antioxidants ; phenolic compounds ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: Overall, the 19 contributions in this Special Issue “Plant Responses and Tolerance to Salt Stress: Physiological and Molecular Interventions” discuss the various aspects of salt stress responses in plants. It also discusses various mechanisms and approaches to conferring salt tolerance on plants. These types of research studies provide further directions in the development of crop plants for the saline environment in the era of climate change.
    Keywords: CPA gene family ; RsNHX1 ; over-expression ; virus-induced gene silence ; salt resistance ; radish ; 14-3-3 gene family ; Triticum aestivum L. ; bioinformatics analysis ; salt tolerance ; protein-protein interactions ; Populus simonii × P. nigra ; PsnNAC036 ; transcription factor ; salt stress ; HT tolerance ; ion transport ; osmotic homeostasis ; hormone mediation ; cell wall regulation ; salt adaptation ; proteomics ; microtubules ; tubulin ; phenolic metabolites ; lemon balm ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; medicinal plants ; secondary metabolites ; abiotic elicitors ; salinity ; betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (BADH1) ; domestication ; cultivated rice ; wild rice ; Hordeum vulgare L. ; RNA-seq analysis ; differentially expressed genes ; tolerance ; candidate genes ; C3–CAM intermediate ; common ice plant ; Mesembryanthemum crystallinum ; osmotic stress ; abiotic stress ; antioxidant defense ; climate change ; hydrogen peroxide ; lipid peroxidation ; oxidative stress ; phytohormones ; stress signaling ; mulberry ; TMT proteomics ; phenylpropanoid metabolism ; apoplast ; functional screening ; Hordeum vulgare ; seedling ; halophyte species ; NADPH oxidases ; NOX ; respiratory burst oxidase homolog RBOH gene expression ; saline adaptations ; C2H2 zinc finger protein ; heterologous expression ; Millettia pinnata ; thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) ; bolTLP1 ; broccoli ; drought stress ; antioxidants ; carbohydrates ; carotenoids ; xanthophyll cycle ; osmoprotectants ; ROS-scavengers ; α-/γ-tocopherols ; quantitative trait locus (QTL) ; association analysis ; marker-assisted selection (MAS) ; rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase gene ; melatonin ; ROS ; ABA ; ion homeostasis ; amino acids ; Malus domestica ; calcium ; calcineurin B-like proteins ; Na+ accumulation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Vegetables are an important part of the human diet due to their nutrient density and, at the same time, low calorie content. Producers of vegetable crops mainly aim at achieving high yields with good external quality. However, there is an increasing demand of consumers for vegetables that provide good sensory properties and are rich in secondary compounds that can be valuable for human health. Sub- or supra-optimal abiotic conditions, like high temperatures, drought, excess light, salinity or nutrient deficiency, may alter the composition of vegetable crops and at the same time, result in yield loss. Thus, producers need to adapt their horticultural practices such as through the choice of variety, irrigation regime, light management, fruit thinning, or fertilizer application to improve the yield and quality of the vegetable product. In the future, altered climate conditions such as elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations, rising temperatures, or altered precipitation patterns may become additional challenges for producers of vegetable crops, especially those that cultivate in the open field. This raises the need for optimized horticultural practices in order to minimize abiotic stresses. As well, specific storage conditions can have large impacts on the quality of vegetables. This Special Issue compiles research that deals with the optimization of vegetable product quality (e.g. sensory aspects, composition) under sub- or supra-optimal abiotic conditions.
    Keywords: ascorbic acid ; biostimulants ; Allium cepa ; Phulkara ; Nasarpuri ; Lambada and Red Bone ; gibberex ; Momordica charantia L ; dismutase ; peroxidase ; catalase ; vegetative growth ; flesh firmness ; flowering ; harvest time ; lycopene ; rootstock-scion combination ; total soluble solids ; elevated CO₂ ; modified atmosphere package ; sensory and physiological-biochemical characteristics ; total phenol ; DPPH ; heirloom beans ; drought ; abiotic stress ; local farming ; nutraceutical properties ; zinc ; Solanum lycopersicum ; drought potassium ; vacuolar transporter ; tomato ; product quality ; nitrogen ; shelf life ; carotenoids ; antioxidants ; taste ; minerals ; fatty acids ; oxalate ; nitrate ; phytochemicals ; ammonium ; climate change ; food quality ; photosynthesis ; nitrogen source ; vegetable ; Ocimum basilicum ; salt ; NaCl ; yield ; quality ; polyphenols ; grafting ; water-use efficiency ; nutrient use efficiency ; vegetable production ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Computational models provide intelligent environmental decision support systems to understand how human decisions are shaped by, and contribute to changes in, the environment. These models provide essential tools to tackle the important issues raised by climate change, including migrations and conflicts due to resource scarcity (e.g., water resources), while accounting for the necessity of co-managing ecosystems across a population of stakeholders with diverse goals. Such socio-environmental systems are characterized by their complexity, which is reflected by an abundance of open questions. This book explores several of these open questions, based on the contributions from over 50 authors. While several books account for methodological developments in modeling socio-environmental systems, our book is unique in combining case studies, methodological innovations, and a holistic approach to training the next generation of modelers. One chapter covers the ontological, epistemological, and ethical issues raised at the intersection of sustainability research and social simulation. In another chapter, we show that the benefits of simulations are not limited to managing complex eco-systems, as they can also serve an educational mission in teaching essential rules and thus improve systems thinking competencies in the broader population.
    Keywords: goal frames ; restoration decision-making rules ; restoration decision-making processes ; mixed qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis ; farmer stakeholders ; Central Malawi ; computer modeling ; human simulation ; social simulation ; sustainability ; development studies ; assemblage theory ; ontology ; epistemology ; ethics ; agent-based modeling ; housing markets ; Urban Shrinkage ; cities ; Detroit ; GIS ; agent-based model ; model development ; IoT sensors ; smart cities ; real-time data ; MARS ; simulation correction ; decision support systems ; urban planning ; multimodal travel ; human responses ; quantitative modeling ; water resources planning ; water availability ; water shortage ; drought ; Congo Basin ; Lake Chad ; climate change ; water ; migrations ; conflicts ; gender ; resilient development ; modeling ; hybrid modeling ; hybrid simulation ; usability ; high school education ; physics education ; user experience ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    Bloomsbury Academic | Bloomsbury Academic
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This open access book argues that storytelling is an important resource in coming to terms with the loss of the feeling of living a grounded existence where the future remains relatively stable and predictable. Faced with the specter of climate catastrophe, we lose confidence in the future—a well-documented response in the environmental movement, for example. Yet stories, and in particular sophisticated fictional stories, can help us negotiate that uncertainty: they offer affective and imaginative tools that channel the instability of our climate future and invite audiences to accept its fundamental uncertainty. In all, this book represents a serious contribution to the environmental humanities that brings a flexible formal approach to bear on central questions of our time. Its commentary on contemporary works of prose and digital narrative is an aid for navigating climate uncertainty and appreciating the more-than-human scale—but also the tragic ramifications—of the ecological crisis. The eBook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by The European Research Council and the University of Ghent.
    Keywords: narrative form ; climate crisis ; climate change ; parallel worlds ; science fiction ; empathy ; ethics ; AI ; artificial intelligence ; video games ; gameplay ; futurity ; ecological crisis ; storyworlds ; unnatural narrative ; nonhuman ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism::DSK Literary studies: fiction, novelists and prose writers ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-08-09
    Description: This comprehensive volume focuses on the politics of fossil fuel subsidies and provides insights from numerous case studies, applying a variety of political and economic theoretical approaches. Ideal for researchers, practitioners, and students of political science, international relations, and public policy. This title is also available as Open Access.
    Keywords: energy policy ; energy economics ; environmental policy ; environmental science ; climate change ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LN Laws of Specific jurisdictions::LNK Environment, transport & planning law::LNKJ Environment law ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LN Laws of Specific jurisdictions::LNC Company, commercial & competition law::LNCR Energy & natural resources law ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: This Special Issue includes articles which discuss the longstanding recognition of diverse connections between spirituality and addiction, as well as emerging discussions regarding the spiritual dimensions of addiction treatments. The overall focus is on the overlaps between the journey into addiction and the spiritual journey, informed by the insight of Carl Jung that addictive craving and the seeking of ultimate meaning may be intimately connected. The multiplicity of forms which addiction can assume in contemporary society are the scope of the issue. The overall purpose of the Special Issue is to extend the range of manifestations of addiction which are part of a discussion relating to the soul of recovery. Through this extended agenda of forms of addiction, the Special Issue supplements existing literature on the subject of spirituality and addiction.
    Keywords: addiction ; addiction treatment ; Buddhism ; mindfulness ; ontological addiction ; recovery ; Twelve-Step Program ; climate change ; addictions ; eating disorders ; existential psychology ; healing ; Internal Family Systems ; nonduality ; psychotherapy ; transpersonal psychotherapy ; Alcoholics Anonymous ; religiousness ; involvement in self-help groups ; meaning in life ; spiritual experiences ; mediator variable ; workaholism ; workplace spirituality ; worker profiles ; Portuguese employees ; ego ; unique personhood ; ontology ; epistemology ; contemplative traditions ; Western Enlightenment ; developmental psychology ; transcendental reductionism ; Fourth Turning in Buddhism ; Bible journaling ; biblical spirituality ; drug addiction ; journaling addiction ; addiction recovery ; multimodality ; multimodal analysis ; religious beliefs ; religious attitudes ; optimism ; pessimism ; players of games of chance ; spiritual addiction ; faith ; truth ; hope ; reason ; religion ; love ; reality ; collective moral crisis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: This book was inspired by the Hydrology–H030 Session of the 2019 AGU (America Geophysical Union) Fall Meeting. In recent years, simulating potential future vulnerability and sustainability of water resources due to climate change are mainly focused on global and regional scale watersheds by using climate change scenarios. These scenarios may have low resolution and may not be accurate for local watersheds. This book addresses the impacts of climate change upon water quantity and quality at small scale watersheds. Emphases are on climate-induced water resource vulnerabilities (e.g., flood, drought, groundwater depletion, evapotranspiration, and water pollution) and methodologies (e.g., computer modeling, field measurement, and management practice) employed to mitigation and adapt climate change impacts on water resources. Application implications to local water resource management are also discussed in this book.
    Keywords: GCM ; bias correction methods ; hydrological simulation ; climate change ; IRES ; OM ; DOC ; POC ; ephemeral stream ; event sampling ; headwaters ; tailwater recovery ditch ; AnnAGNPS ; BMP ; asymmetric warming ; normalized difference vegetation index ; second-order partial correlation analysis ; day and nighttime warming ; diurnal temperature range ; cottonwood ; sap flux ; STELLA ; vapor pressure deficit ; water year type ; hydrological drought ; adaptive strategies ; Central Valley ; streamflow ; SWAT model ; CNRM-CM5 ; CESM1-BGC.1 ; HADGEM2-AO.1 ; Alabama River Basin ; GRACE ; GGDI ; drought ; wavelet coherence ; teleconnections ; water model ; energy model ; climate scenario ; Nile River Basin ; perception ; adaptation ; irrigation water quality ; agriculture ; smallholder farmers ; Ethiopia Rift Valley ; vulnerability assessment ; Indian Himalayas ; springs ; springshed management ; water security ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: This volume deals with novel high-quality research results of a wide class of mathematical models with applications in engineering, nature, and social sciences. Analytical and numeric, deterministic and uncertain dimensions are treated. Complex and multidisciplinary models are treated, including novel techniques of obtaining observation data and pattern recognition. Among the examples of treated problems, we encounter problems in engineering, social sciences, physics, biology, and health sciences. The novelty arises with respect to the mathematical treatment of the problem. Mathematical models are built, some of them under a deterministic approach, and other ones taking into account the uncertainty of the data, deriving random models. Several resulting mathematical representations of the models are shown as equations and systems of equations of different types: difference equations, ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, integral equations, and algebraic equations. Across the chapters of the book, a wide class of approaches can be found to solve the displayed mathematical models, from analytical to numeric techniques, such as finite difference schemes, finite volume methods, iteration schemes, and numerical integration methods.
    Keywords: mathematical modeling ; infiltration well ; differential equations ; porous medium ; fractal conductivity model ; incomplete rankings ; Kendall’s tau ; permutation graph ; competitive balance ; Spotify ; collocation ; volterra integral equation ; highly oscillatory ; convergence ; areal porosity ; volumetric porosity ; fractal area-volume relationship ; tortuosity factor ; joint probability ; corrugated box printing machine ; modified Delphi method ; analytic network process (ANP) ; supplier ; nonlinear system ; iterative method ; divided difference operator ; stability ; parameter plane ; dynamical plane ; random hyperbolic model ; random laplace transform ; numerical integration ; monte carlo method ; numerical simulation ; talbot algorithm ; stochastic perturbations ; random nonlinear oscillator ; maximum entropy principle ; probability density function ; stationary Gaussian noise ; random mean square parabolic model ; finite degree of randomness ; random finite difference scheme ; relativistic harmonic oscillator ; kinematics of a particle ; special relativity ; nonlinear problems in mechanics ; equations of motion in gravitational theory ; virus propagation ; stochastic modeling ; Gillespie algorithm ; conservative formulation ; multidimensional fragmentation equation ; weight functions ; finite volume scheme ; contamination plume ; advection-diffusion ; universal curves ; Dirichlet-to-Neumann map ; Schrödinger operator ; contagion effect ; difference equation ; elections ; labor condition ; mathematical compartmental discrete model ; political corruption ; revolving doors ; sensitivity analysis ; simulation ; numerical methods ; integro-interpolation method ; splitting method ; convergence of models ; standard deviation of the error ; diabetic retinopathy ; ocular fundus ; laser coagulation ; optical coherence tomography ; image processing ; segmentation ; safe treatment ; Hermite interpolation ; nodal systems ; unit circle ; circular membrane ; fluid-structure interaction ; differential-integral equations ; power series method ; closed-form solution ; time series model ; wavelet transform ; ARIMA model ; neural network NARX ; ionospheric parameters ; courtyard ; climate change ; microclimate ; Support Vector Regression (SVR) ; machine learning ; matrix functions ; matrix hyperbolic tangent ; matrix exponential ; Taylor series ; matrix polynomial evaluation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: We would like to provide the scientists a set of studies entitled "Study of the Influence of Abiotic and Biotic Stress Factors on Horticultural Plants". The reprint book contains 12 papers about the influence of the stress factors on the plant growth and soil parameters. Authors descripted the impact of the biotic and abiotic stress factors (i.e., high, and low temperature, salt, inorganic pollutants such as salts, heavy metals, phosphite, as well as irrigation) on the physiological, biochemical, and anatomical changes occurring in the plants at the cellular, tissue, organ, and whole plant level. The subject of these studies were different plant species, i.e., watermelon, lettuce, kale, potato, grapevine, hops, orchid, strawberry, and boxwood. The ideas of the papers can be divided into five topics: (1) achieving better quality of plant material for food production by changes made in the growth conditions, metabolic and genetic modifications; (2) increasing the plant resistance to environmental stresses by application of exogenous compounds of different chemical character; (3) reducing plant stress caused by anthropogenic activity applying nonmodified and genetically modified plants; (4) mitigating drought stress by irrigation; and 5) the positive effect of plant growth-promoting microorganisms on horticulture plants performance during drought stress.
    Keywords: abiotic stress ; strawberry ; companion plants ; phytoremediation ; cold stress ; cold-responsive genes ; anti-oxidants ; proline ; malondialdehyde ; hormone profiling ; 5-aminolevulinic acid ; Buxus megistophylla ; chlorophyll fast fluorescence characteristics ; mineral nutrition ; urban road greening ; orchid ; transformed ecosystems ; fly ash ; metals ; adaptive responses ; water exchange ; leaf mesostructure ; photosynthetic pigments ; photosynthesis ; plant introduction ; grapevine ; maximum daily shrinkage ; daily increase ; stem water potential ; leaf relative water content ; signal intensity ; Humulus lupulus L. ; soil porosity ; soil bulk density ; liming ; hop ridges ; Vitis spp. ; piwi cultivars ; disease-resistant varieties ; malic acid ; ripening ; fruit composition ; downy mildew ; phosphite stress ; antioxidant enzyme ; hydrogen peroxide ; root morphology ; potato ; genotypes ; Brassica oleracea var. acephala ; short-term cold stress ; phytochemicals ; pigments ; antioxidant enzymes ; chitosan (CTS) ; lettuce ; salinity ; soluble sugars ; climate change ; drought stress ; biopreparations ; plant stimulation ; plant growth-promoting microorganisms ; watermelon ; rootstock ; gene expression ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: undefined
    Keywords: climate change ; reef restoration ; gardening ; ecological engineering ; assisted migration/colonization ; assisted genetics/evolution ; assisted microbiome ; epigenetics ; chimerism ; coral reefs ; macroalgae ; resilience ; species composition ; Taiwan ; coral reef ; marine national park ; nuclear power plant ; community dynamics ; Symbiodiniaceae ; long-term ecological data ; coral ; recruitment ; bleaching ; management ; restoration ; fishing ; tourism ; recovery ; Thailand ; thermal stress ; coral resilience ; bleaching events ; thermally-tolerant symbionts ; acclimatisation ; adaptation ; heterotrophy ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue addresses a topic that is of great relevance as, nowadays, in developed countries, individuals spend most of their time indoors and, depending on each person, the presence at home ranges between 60% and 90% of the day, with 30% of that time spent sleeping. Considering these data, indoor residential environments have a direct influence on human health, especially considering that, in developing countries, significant levels of indoor pollution make housing unsafe, having an impact on the health of inhabitants. Therefore, housing is a key health factor for people all over the world, and various parameters, such as air quality, ventilation, hygrothermal comfort, lighting, physical environment, and building efficiency, can contribute to healthy architecture, as well as to the conditions that can result from the poor application of these parameters. The articles in this Special Issue thus address issues concerning indoor environmental quality (IEQ), which is described, more simply, as the conditions inside a building. This includes air quality, but also access to daylight and views, pleasant acoustic conditions, and occupant control over lighting and thermal comfort. IEQ also includes the functional aspects of the space, such as whether the layout provides easy access to tools and people when needed and whether there is sufficient space for the occupants. Building managers and operators can increase building occupant satisfaction by considering all aspects of IEQ rather than focusing on temperature or air quality alone.
    Keywords: indoor air quality ; thermal comfort ; airtightness ; natural ventilation ; educational buildings ; thermal insulation ; sustainable materials ; fique ; thermal conductivity ; thermogravimetry ; green architecture ; urban heat island ; microclimate ; feed-forward neural networks ; air temperature measurements ; in-situ measurements ; urban models ; urban environment ; climate change ; COVID-19 ; MgO-based cement ; sustainability ; energy efficiency ; architecture ; building evaluation ; functional adequacy ; human-centered ; IEQ ; learning space ; place attachment ; social interaction ; social participation ; sustainable building ; quality air ; epidemiology ; data analysis ; statistics ; nursing homes ; geopolymer ; fly ash ; basalt fiber ; basalt waste aggregate ; mechanical properties ; lean manufacturing ; modular construction ; sustainability architecture ; efficient buildings ; lean construction ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Ecophysiological mechanisms underlie plant responses to environmental conditions and the influence these responses have on ecological patterns and processes. In this Special Issue, with a particular interest in the interactions between climate change, environmental disturbance, and functional ecology, experimental observations are described at a range of spatial scales. A modeling framework is used in an effort to relate mechanistic responses to ecosystem functions and services, and link forest ecophysiology and environmental indicators. This Special Issue collects important advances in studying and monitoring plant–environment interactions, covering biogeographic gradients from Mediterranean woodlands to boreal forests and from Alpine mountains to tropical environments.
    Keywords: Leaf δ13C ; Leaf δ15N ; Growth stage ; Environmental factors ; Relative importance ; nitrogen dioxide ; nitrogen metabolism ; photorespiration ; heat dissipation ; excess absorbed light energy ; electron transfer ; photochemical efficiency ; altitude ; non-structural carbohydrates ; nutrients ; ontogeny ; Pinus cembra L. ; Larix decidua Mill ; boreal forest ; leaf temperature ; photosynthesis ; water availability ; leaf thermal damage ; thermoregulation ; endangered ; Sonneratia × hainanensis ; reproductive system ; seed germination ; light ; temperature ; salinity ; Cinnamomum migao ; autotoxicity ; seedling growth ; soil substrate ; soil enzyme ; soil fungi ; TreeSonic ; MOEd ; forest productivity ; dendrochronology ; recruitment period ; Aspromonte National Park ; Sessile oak ; deciduous forest ; carbon sequestration ; wood density ; allometry ; functional traits ; climate niches ; Malus baccata ; MbERF11 ; cold stress ; salt stress ; transgenic plant ; dendrometer ; stem circumference changes ; climate response ; Mediterranean ; Pinus nigra ; Pinus pinaster ; ontogenetic phases ; adaptive strategies ; leaf functional traits ; light environment ; canopy tree species ; carbon isotopes ; climate change ; respiration ; discrimination ; mixed forest ; keeling plot ; branch lifespan ; shoot lifespan ; stem lifespan ; branch shedding ; shoot shedding ; stem shedding ; canopy ; crown development ; tree architecture ; light foraging ; phenotypic plasticity ; shade tolerance ; shade acclimation ; light acclimation ; light regime ; sunfleck ; leaf thickness ; leaf angle ; leaf three-dimensional structure ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This book comprises a collection of empirical and theoretical studies covering a wide range of themes related to bank management, finance and sustainability. Sustainability represents an opportunity for banks as it contributes to improvements in trust in the banking system. However, sustainable business models must be financially viable so that they can have a positive impact on banks’ profitability, stimulating the long-term growth and resilience of the banking industry and overall financial stability.Banks are widely acknowledged as playing a crucial role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as they can promote responsible investments and integrate environmental and social criteria into lending and investment strategies. Financial intermediaries can support projects and activities that create a measurable positive economic, social and environmental impact by providing easier access to capital. Furthermore, they can have an active role in improving the financial awareness, inclusion and resilience of the most vulnerable individuals in society.
    Keywords: firm’s financial performance ; sustainability practices ; Islamic corporate governance ; mobile money ; SMEs ; financial performance ; payments and receipts ; Douala, Cameroon ; human capital ; social capital ; credit availability ; propensity score matching ; China ; risk tolerance ; risk aversion ; risk-taking ; MiFID II ; MiFIR ; suitability assessment ; households ; risky financial assets ; financial institutions ; financial advisory ; portfolio management ; financial constraints ; sustainable development ; ownership structure ; state subsidies ; former communist bloc ; institutional environment ; financial system ; corporate social responsibility ; CSR rating ; bank loan spread ; European syndicated loan market ; content analysis ; ethical banking ; global financial crisis ; hierarchical cluster analysis ; inductive category development ; in-depth interviews ; social banking ; socially responsible investment ; environmental performance ; climate change ; gender diversity ; board of directors ; banking sector ; external support ; environmental practices ; resource efficiency ; sustainable entrepreneurship ; firm size ; financial knowledge ; overconfidence ; underconfidence ; sustainable financial behavior ; financial market participation ; investment fraud ; over-indebtedness ; ethical financial companies ; ESG ; sustainable development goals (SDGs) ; bank efficiency ; bank cost ; stochastic frontier analysis ; stochastic metafrontier analysis ; high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs) ; qualitative research ; reference group theory ; socially responsible investing (SRI) ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WC Antiques, vintage and collectables::WCF Collecting coins, banknotes, medals and other related items
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue titled “Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Urban Cultural Heritage” hosted at the Atmosphere journal. This topic has been chosen in light of cities’ ever-growing role and immense potential in the climate adaptation and mitigation discourse and the particular challenges regarding urban heritage making and conservation. It is critical to recognise the complex set of factors governing the physical, social and political future of urban heritage in cityscapes in constant transformation and in an era of planetary urbanisation. The 10 papers (seven research papers, two reviews and one opinion piece) that comprise the issue give a broad cross-section of the issues pertinent to this important topic – accounts on practices and conceptual/methodological improvements in energy retrofit and reuse, risk mapping, urban planning, climate vulnerability assessment, and community engagement by 38 authors from seven countries are used to delineate the implications of current and likely future climates on heritage materials and systems, knowledge and practice gaps, as well as steps that need to be taken to ensure both their safeguarding and their valorisation to achieve climate resiliency.
    Keywords: historic buildings ; risk assessment ; WDR ; resilience ; sustainability ; extreme value analysis ; heritage values ; energy efficiency ; thermal comfort ; heritage conservation ; original features ; system dynamics ; social practices ; decision-making ; historic building ; durability ; performance ; life cycle analysis ; land-use ; tropics ; urban microclimate ; built heritage retrofit ; energy-efficient retrofit policy ; conservation policy ; UK ; Turkey ; earthquakes ; fire ; floods ; historic sites ; landslides ; museums ; insects ; sea level rise ; typhoons ; visitors ; extreme events ; climate projection ; Central Europe ; ProteCHt2save ; climate risk indices ; heritage climatology ; cultural heritage safeguarding ; preparedness ; energy-efficient retrofit ; historic residential buildings ; energy consumption prediction ; heritage buildings ; lithotype ; salt weathering ; kaolinisation ; microcracking ; weather events ; cultural heritage ; urban planning ; climate change ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Recently, energy development has received significant attention through the promising results of technology development, experimentation, computational modeling, and validation. However, it remains a persistent challenge to produce the needed energy while significantly reducing the environmental effects, such as the emission of greenhouse gases, which lead to climate change. Moreover, technological and economic limitations may also hinder energy development for sustainability. This book entitled Energy Development for Sustainability covers technologies, products, equipment, and devices as well as energy services based on software and data protected by patents and/or trademarks. This book will serve as a collection of the latest scientific and technological approaches to various energy development initiatives for sustainability encompassing novel sonocatalytic application and integrated algal and sludge-based wastewater treatment system, energy storage, sustainable building, gas absorption, organosolv pretreatment, energy usage and CO2 emission in transportation, coal regulation for energy, solar photovoltaic system, torrefaction for fuel production, energy management system, clean energy incubator, biofuels from microalgae, and the influence of COVID-19 on climate change. Overall, this book addresses researchers, advanced students, technical consultants, as well as decision-makers in industries and politics. This book contains comprehensive overview and in-depth technical research papers addressing recent progress in the area of energy development for sustainability. We hope the readers will enjoy this book.
    Keywords: multi-objective optimization ; bioenergy ; biomass ; microalgae ; sludge ; wastewater ; algae ; biofuel production ; environmental policy ; life cycle assessment ; clean energy incubator ; core competitiveness evaluation ; matter-element extension ; TOPSIS ; KPCA ; NSGA-II ; LSSVM ; smart grid ; time-of-use ; demand bidding program ; battery energy storage system ; direct search method ; sorghum distilled residue ; thermogravimetric analysis ; torrefaction kinetics ; biomass and bioenergy ; particle swarm optimization (PSO) ; biochar ; LMDI decomposition ; spatiotemporal analysis ; ASEAN ; climate change ; CO2 emissions ; light trapping ; zero-depth concentrator ; light reflection ; internal-cell spacing ; energy system ; coal regulation ; pollution abatement ; environmental benefits ; health benefits ; transport ; spatial LMDI ; emissions ; Philippines ; Google Maps ; transportation ; energy use ; modeling ; vehicle flow ; organosolv pretreatment ; delignification ; fractionation ; organic solvent ; degraded empty fruit bunch ; COVID-19 ; CO2 ; fossil fuel ; Malaysia ; metal–organic framework ; MIL-101 ; solvent free ; adsorption ; carbon dioxide ; air conditioner ; cooling load ; heat conduction ; residential building ; roof insulation ; roof tile color ; solar reflectance ; metal–air battery ; carbon particles ; biomass waste ; electro-catalyst ; g-C3N4 ; carbon composite ; coconut shell husk ; characteristic ; sonocatalytic degradation ; malachite green ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: This book focuses on the potential of agroforestry to maximize agriculture production while minimizing negative effects on the environment. It collects several studies on agroforestry systems from around the world, including a variety of types of agroforestry systems, from traditional wood-pastures to tropical cocoa-based systems, and research approaches, from literature reviews to state-of-the-art ecological-economic models. The book highlights the potential of agroforestry as a promising approach for the creation of multifunctional landscapes able to face contemporary environmental challenges.
    Keywords: potato ; minimum data sets ; soil nutrient ; soil fertility index ; land use options ; soil conservation ; intercropping ; hedgerows ; minimum tillage ; height-diameter ratio ; plant architecture ; Quercus ilex ; livestock grazing ; nutrient supply rate ; subarctic agriculture ; agroforestry ; bush bean ; northern agriculture management ; ion exchange resins ; PRS probes ; agroforestry systems ; bean size ; bean homogeneity ; ripening ; biodiversity ; agri-environmental schemes ; integrated ecological–economic modeling ; cost effectiveness ; sustainable development ; theoretical ; governance/institutions ; socio-ecological resilience ; Cameroon forests ; collaboration ; farmers ; government intervention ; subsistence ; agrisilviculture ; climate change ; food security ; livelihoods ; tropical forest management ; tropical rain forest ; traditional cocoa systems ; allometric models ; tree biomass ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Disasters such as earthquakes, cyclones, floods, heat waves, nuclear accidents, and large-scale pollution incidents take lives and incur major health problems. The majority of large-scale disasters affect the most vulnerable populations, which often comprise extreme ages, remote living areas, and endemic poverty, as well as people with low literacy. Health emergency and disaster risk management (Health-EDRM) refers to the systematic analysis and management of health risks surrounding emergencies and disasters, and plays an important role in reducing the hazards and vulnerability along with extending preparedness, responses, and recovery measures. This concept encompasses risk analyses and interventions, such as accessible early warning systems, the timely deployment of relief workers, and the provision of suitable drugs and medical equipment to decrease the impact of disasters on people before, during, and after an event (or events). Currently, there is a major gap in the scientific literature regarding Health-EDRM to facilitate major global policies and initiatives for disaster risk reduction worldwide.
    Keywords: infection spread and control ; infection risk ; human behavior ; close contact ; sensor-based ; indoor environment ; indoor positioning ; head and body motion ; open-plan office ; disaster ; psychosocial impacts ; community resilience ; Kumamoto earthquake ; DMHISS ; disaster psychiatry ; Japan ; acute mental health needs ; duration of activity ; DPAT (Disaster Psychiatric Assistance Team) ; cold ; personal health protective behaviour ; associated factors ; risk perception ; subtropical city ; disaster responders ; support ; psychosocial ; risk management ; COVID-19 ; urban ; health risks ; Health-Emergency and Disaster Risk Management ; biological hazard ; pandemic ; PHEIC ; Hong Kong ; Fukushima nuclear accident ; mass media ; Internet ; public health practice ; community mental health services ; typhoon ; hurricane ; cyclone ; strong wind levels ; natural disaster ; Health-EDRM ; risk-taking behaviour ; sensation seeking ; landslide displacement ; predictive uncertainty ; ensemble prediction ; probability combination scheme ; quantile regression neural networks (QRNNs) ; kernel density estimation (KDE) ; Daegu ; sense of belonging ; pride ; mental health ; disaster relief fund ; non-communicable disease ; self-care ; NCD management ; home care ; early phase of pandemic ; health-EDRM ; primary prevention ; vector-borne disease ; biological hazards ; climate change ; narrative review ; Asia Pacific ; Health EDRM ; long-term impact ; public health ; case study ; disaster management ; multi-case analysis ; Europe ; flood ; elderly ; cardiovascular diseases ; cerebrovascular diseases ; H-EDRM ; extreme temperature ; socioeconomic vulnerability ; health disparities ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The worldwide dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, particularly those resistant to last-resource antibiotics, is a common problem to which no immediate solution is foreseen. In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a list of antimicrobial-resistant "priority pathogens", which include a group of microorganisms with high-level resistance to multiple drugs, named ESKAPE pathogens, comprising vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and VRSA), extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter spp. These bacteria also have the ability to produce several virulence factors, which have a major influence on the outcomes of infectious diseases. Bacterial resistance and virulence are interrelated, since antibiotics pressure may influence bacterial virulence gene expression and, consequently, infection pathogenesis. Additionally, some virulence factors contribute to an increased resistance ability, as observed in biofilm-producing strains. The surveillance of important resistant and virulent clones and associated mobile genetic elements is essential to decision making in terms of mitigation measures to be applied for the prevention of such infections in both human and veterinary medicine, being also relevant to address the role of natural environments as important components of the dissemination cycle of these strains.
    Keywords: biocide ; antibiotic resistance ; cross-resistance ; aminoglycoside ; adaptation ; biofilm ; pyruvate cycle ; mastitis ; staphylococci ; virulence factors ; genes ; antimicrobial resistance ; infant ; newborn ; bacteremia ; Gram-negative bacteria ; drug resistance ; microbial ; mortality ; microcosm ; Aeromonas ; climate change ; temperature ; pH ; water ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; virulence ; whole-genome sequencing ; international high-risk clones ; genomic epidemiology ; dogs ; Escherichia coli ; ESBL ; CTX-M-15 ; CTX-M-1 ; CTX-M-32 ; CTX-M-55 ; CTX-M-14 ; qAmpC ; CMY-2 ; camel ; domestic ; milk ; virulence genes ; extended-spectrum β-lactamases ; biofilm formation ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; carbapenem resistance ; KPC-2 ; plasmid ; diabetic foot infections ; Staphylococcus aureus ; subinhibitory concentrations ; virulence-related genes ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The atmospheric part of the water cycle is accelerating, affecting hydrological dynamics, especially in tropical and Mediterranean areas, where landscapes, soils and territories are particularly vulnerable to global warming and land use changes. Across four continents and a dozen of different regions or basins, this SI strives to highlight the environmental and societal vulnerabilities and their links with the water cycle. The basins of three of the greatest basins in the world in terms of streamflows—the Amazon River, the Orinoco River and the Congo River—show their unexpected behaviors. This book aims to present past and present status to improve future land and water management.
    Keywords: Africa ; rainfall ; monthly grids ; database ; inverse distance weighted ; agroforestry ; catchment hydrology ; humid tropics ; hydrological modeling ; impact assessment ; land-cover change ; Montane Southeast Asia ; rubber ; trend detection ; water balance ; critical drought ; frequency analysis ; Mediterranean region ; precipitation deficit ; Seyhan River basin ; spatial drought analysis ; standardized precipitation index (SPI) ; Casiquiare ; Orinoco ; Amazon ; bifurcation ; hydro-sedimentary budget ; trends ; Senegal River Basin ; rainfall shift ; hydroclimatic variables ; streamflow ; climate change ; data preprocessing ; donor selection ; drainage area ratio ; Euphrates basin ; moving average ; physical similarity ; streamflow estimation ; ungauged basins ; water salinity ; inverse estuaries ; West Africa ; drought ; mangrove ; Mono basin ; extreme rainfall events ; ENSEMBLE ; regional climate models ; modeling ; MUSLE ; erosion ; solid transport ; dam ; Bouregreg ; Morocco ; overland flow ; inter-rill erosion ; teak tree plantation ; understory ; broom grass ; South–East Asia ; land management ; soil erosion ; flow recession model ; discharge forecast ; Senegal River ; Gambia River ; Niger River ; hydroclimatology ; hydrosedimentology ; hydrogeochemical ; Congo River Basin ; urbanization ; impervious area ; Cameroon ; runoff ; Rambla de Algeciras ; semi-arid ; lake ; lakeshores ; silting ; bank gullies ; UAV ; LiDAR ; DoD ; M3C2 ; Fouta Djallon ; water tower ; depletion (or recession) coefficient ; runoff coefficient ; soil water holding capacity ; basement ; sandstone ; Fula society ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    The MIT Press | The MIT Press
    Publication Date: 2022-02-21
    Description: Why the traditional “pledge and review” climate agreements have failed, and how carbon pricing, based on trust and reciprocity, could succeed. After twenty-five years of failure, climate negotiations continue to use a “pledge and review” approach: countries pledge (almost anything), subject to (unenforced) review. This approach ignores everything we know about human cooperation. In this book, leading economists describe an alternate model for climate agreements, drawing on the work of the late Nobel laureate Elinor Ostrom and others. They show that a “common commitment” scheme is more effective than an “individual commitment” scheme; the latter depends on altruism while the former involves reciprocity (“we will if you will”). The contributors propose that global carbon pricing is the best candidate for a reciprocal common commitment in climate negotiations. Each country would commit to placing charges on carbon emissions sufficient to match an agreed global price formula. The contributors show that carbon pricing would facilitate negotiations and enforcement, improve efficiency and flexibility, and make other climate policies more effective. Additionally, they analyze the failings of the 2015 Paris climate conference. Contributors Richard N. Cooper, Peter Cramton, Ottmar Edenhofer, Christian Gollier, Éloi Laurent, David JC MacKay, William Nordhaus, Axel Ockenfels, Joseph E. Stiglitz, Steven Stoft, Jean Tirole, Martin L. Weitzman
    Keywords: emissions ; clean air ; climate change ; environmental economics ; CO2 ; greenhouse gases ; Paris Agreement ; free rider problem ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Extreme hydrological phenomena are one of the most common causes of human life loss and material damage as a result of the manifestation of natural hazards around human communities. Climatic changes have directly impacted the temporal distribution of previously known flood events, inducing significantly increased frequency rates as well as manifestation intensities. Understanding the occurrence and manifestation behavior of flood risk as well as identifying the most common time intervals during which there is a greater probability of flood occurrence should be a subject of social priority, given the potential casualties and damage involved. However, considering the numerous flood analysis models that have been currently developed, this phenomenon has not yet been fully comprehended due to the numerous technical challenges that have arisen. These challenges can range from lack of measured field data to difficulties in integrating spatial layers of different scales as well as other potential digital restrictions.The aim of the current book is to promote publications that address flood analysis and apply some of the most novel inundation prediction models, as well as various hydrological risk simulations related to floods, that will enhance the current state of knowledge in the field as well as lead toward a better understanding of flood risk modeling. Furthermore, in the current book, the temporal aspect of flood propagation, including alert times, warning systems, flood time distribution cartographic material, and the numerous parameters involved in flood risk modeling, are discussed.
    Keywords: flood maps ; flood risk management ; HAND model ; WebAssembly ; flood risk mapping ; web systems ; floods ; urban flooding ; flood analysis ; design floods ; HEC-HMS ; HEC-RAS ; dam break ; unsteady ; flood mapping ; Kesem ; flood risk ; poorly gauged watersheds ; regional flood frequency ; flood modeling ; GPU-parallel numerical scheme ; bridges ; story maps ; disaster risk reduction ; slide ; GARI tool ; risk communication ; climate change ; flood early warning ; forecasting ; hydrological extremes ; machine learning ; Andes ; Nilwala river basin ; coupled flood modelling ; iRIC ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The predicted climate change is likely to cause extreme storm events and, subsequently, catastrophic disasters, including soil erosion, debris and landslide formation, loss of life, etc. In the decade from 1976, natural disasters affected less than a billion lives. These numbers have surged in the last decade alone. It is said that natural disasters have affected over 3 billion lives, killed on average 750,000 people, and cost more than 600 billion US dollars. Of these numbers, a greater proportion are due to sediment-related disasters, and these numbers are an indication of the amount of work still to be done in the field of soil erosion, conservation, and landslides. Scientists, engineers, and planners are all under immense pressure to develop and improve existing scientific tools to model erosion and landslides and, in the process, better conserve the soil. Therefore, the purpose of this Special Issue is to improve our knowledge on the processes and mechanics of soil erosion and landslides. In turn, these will be crucial in developing the right tools and models for soil and water conservation, disaster mitigation, and early warning systems.
    Keywords: landslide ; image classification ; spectrum similarity analysis ; extreme rainfall-induced landslide susceptibility model ; landslide ratio-based logistic regression ; landslide evolution ; Typhoon Morakot ; Taiwan ; vegetation community ; vegetation importance value ; root system ; soil erosion ; grey correlation analysis ; sediment yield ; RUSLE ; Lancang–Mekong River basin ; rainfall threshold ; landslide probability model ; debris flow ; Zechawa Gully ; mitigation countermeasures ; Jiuzhaigou Valley ; water erosion ; susceptibility ; Gaussian process ; climate change ; radial basis function kernel ; weighted subspace random forest ; extreme events ; extreme weather ; naive Bayes ; feature selection ; machine learning ; hydrologic model ; simulated annealing ; earth system science ; PSED Model ; loess ; ICU ; static liquefaction ; mechanical behavior ; pore structure ; alpine swamp meadow ; alpine meadow ; degradation of riparian vegetation ; root distribution ; tensile strength ; tensile crack ; soil management ; land cover changes ; Syria ; hillslopes ; gully erosion ; vegetation restoration ; soil erodibility ; land use ; bridge pier ; overfall ; scour ; landform change impact on pier ; shallow water equations ; wet-dry front ; outburst flood ; TVD-scheme ; MUSCL-Hancock method ; laboratory model test ; extreme rainfall ; rill erosion ; shallow landslides ; deep lip surface ; safety factor ; rainfall erosivity factor ; USLE R ; Deep Neural Network ; tree ring ; dendrogeomorphology ; landslide activity ; deciduous broadleaved tree ; Shirakami Mountains ; spatiotemporal cluster analysis ; landslide hotspots ; dam breach ; seepage ; overtopping ; seismic signal ; flume test ; breach model ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue titled “Soil Erosion and Sustainable Land Management” presents 13 chapters organized into four main parts. The first part deals with assessment of soil erosion that covers historical sediment dating to understand past environmental impacts due to tillage; laboratory simulation to clarify the effect of soil surface microtopography; integrated field observation and the random forest machine learning algorithm to assess watershed-scale soil erosion assessment; and developing the sediment delivery distributed (SEDD) model for sub-watershed erosion risk prioritization. In Part II, the factors controlling soil erosion and vegetation degradation as influenced by topographic positions and climatic regions; long-term land use change; and improper implementation of land management measures are well dealt with. Part III presents different land management technologies that could reduce soil erosion at various spatial scales; improve land productivity of marginal lands with soil microbes; and reclaim degraded farmland using dredged reservoir sediments. The final part relates livelihood diversification to climate vulnerability as well as the coping strategy to the adverse impacts of soil erosion through sustainable land management implementation which opens prospects for policy formulation. The studies cover regions of Africa, Europe, North America and Asia, being dominantly conducted under the framework of international scientific collaborations through employing a range techniques and scales, from the laboratory to watershed scales. We believe those unique features of the book could attract the interest of the wider scientific community worldwide.
    Keywords: Herfindahl–Simpson diversity index ; multivariate probit ; drought prone ; ordered probit ; livelihood diversification ; sustainable land management ; sediment ; land use ; erosion crises ; environmental impact ; climate change ; drought ; livelihood vulnerability ; Shannon-entropy index ; splash erosion ; rainfall simulator ; splash cup ; soil loss ; soil detachment ; disdrometer ; rainfall kinetic energy ; polyacrylamide ; gypsum ; lime ; runoff ; dryland ; Erosion rate ; ANFIS ; ANN ; SVM ; Shihmen Reservoir watershed ; Acacia decurrens ; Eucalyptus ; drought-prone ; highland ; midland ; lowland ; marginal soil ; land degradation ; endemic plant species ; soil microbes ; arid regions ; bacteria ; degraded land ; fungi ; ITS ; microbial community ; restoration ; 16S rRNA ; Gully Land Consolidation ; backfilled loess ; physical-mechanical property ; microstructural characteristic ; pore size distribution ; sediment transport ; soil erosion ; RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model) ; human activities ; sediment delivery distributed model ; sediment yield ; SEDD ; sediment delivery ratio ; β coefficient ; micro-dam ; sedimentation ; reclaimed farmland ; constructability ; Ethiopian highlands ; soil organic carbon ; structure stability ; soil type ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Considering the importance of the challenges for sustainable development, this Book is intended to disseminate the results of cutting-edge research and broadcast the opinions of scientists from around the world, providing technological breakthroughs in green energy and urbanism, recycling and modernization of basic industries, conducting fundamental research on the economic problems of the transition to sustainable development.
    Keywords: polyvinyl butyral ; solar panels ; environment ; standard of living ; renewable energy ; linear ordering ; canonical analysis ; sustainable development ; determinants of sustainable development ; regional operational programmes ; European Union funds ; solar energy ; solar oven ; concentrating ; CFD analysis ; environmental potential ; development potential ; social potential ; municipal development indicators ; Wałbrzych region ; efficiency ; operational safety ; gravity ; ventilation ; natural ventilation ; productivity of sources ; environmental goals ; energy efficiency ; circular economy ; waste economy ; productivity of energy sources ; waste treatment ; Slovakia ; solar flat plate liquid collector ; non-metallic ; energy cluster ; GIS ; affordable and clean energy ; multiple regression ; planned obsolescence ; classification trees ; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) ; slack-based model (SBM) ; undesirable output ; three-stage DEA ; influencing factors ; sustainable city ; climate change ; Seawater Steam Engine ; renewable energy sources ; drinking water ; heating and cooling ; electricity ; powered roof support ; hydraulic leg ; hydraulic system ; work automation ; tests under real conditions ; integrated energy planning ; near-zero carbon emission ; near-zero carbon emission demonstration district ; urban district planning methods ; energy consumption ; information gap ; Industry 4.0 ; IT project ; Green I ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The reprint identifies key concerns and significant challenges of the future as currently perceived by researchers, industry, policymakers, and other flood management stakeholders. The main themes addressed include: science and technology for flood risk management; handling data and information for flood risk management; flood disaster prevention, mitigation, and adaptation; flood preparedness, response, and recovery; flood decision-making, policy, and governance; and flood resilience.
    Keywords: flooding ; storm surge ; numerical modelling ; high-water marks ; debris ; distributed hydrological model ; flood forecasting ; TOPKAPI ; Zhenjiang River ; small- and medium-sized river ; OSS-SR ; facilitator ; flood resilience ; disaster literacy ; community-based ; e-learning ; extreme floods ; disaster chain ; impact assessment ; flood damage ; environmental impacts ; unsteady flows ; flood wave propagation ; Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers ; index-velocity method ; stage-discharge method ; rating curves ; flood risk management ; innovations ; dikes ; flood decision-making ; knowledge uptake ; historical data source ; flood mapping ; poorly gauged catchments ; citizen science ; low impact development ; sea-level rise ; adaptation ; flood risk ; water resources ; low-lying coasts ; extreme rain ; pluvial flood ; basement flood ; wastewater ; inflow and infiltration ; Canada ; flood management issues ; natural disasters ; climate change ; government policies ; flood hazard ; CaMa-Flood ; flood map viewer ; floodplain mapping ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKX Conservation of buildings and building materials
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The concept of resilience has arisen as a “new way of thinking”, becoming a response to both the causes and effects of ongoing global challenges. As it strongly stresses cities’ transformative potential, resilience’s final purpose is to prevent and manage unforeseen events and improve communities’ environmental and social quality. Although the resilience theory has been investigated in depth, several methodological challenges remain, mainly related to the concept’s practical sphere. As a matter of fact, resilience is commonly criticised for being too ambiguous and empty of meaning. At the same time, turning resilience into practice is not easy to do. This will arguably be one of the most impactful global issues for future research on resilience. The Special Issue “Bridging the Gap: The Measure of Urban Resilience” falls under this heading, and it seeks to synthesise state-of-the-art knowledge of theories and practices on measuring resilience. The Special Issue collected 11 papers that address the following questions: “What are the theoretical perspectives of measuring urban resilience? What are the existing methods for measuring urban resilience? What are the main features that a technique for measuring urban resilience needs to have? What is the role of measuring urban resilience in operationalising cities’ ability to adapt, recover and benefit from shocks?”
    Keywords: urban resilience ; spatial planning ; vulnerability ; measuring ; mapping ; decision-making ; multi-risk ; flood ; fire ; indicators ; regional resilience ; adaptive capacity ; sectoral industry composition ; urban vs. inner areas ; green infrastructure ; resilience ; sustainability ; social-ecological indicators ; indicator ; monitoring ; climate change ; climate adaptation ; n/a ; dynamic models ; decision making ; scenario planning ; energetic resilience ; solar radiation ; geographic information system ; land use planning ; urban regulation ; urban energy resilience ; buildings energy balance ; urban hourly model ; residential buildings ; urban variables ; place-based analysis ; community resilience ; systematic overview ; resilience modelling ; knowledge representation ; resilience assessment ; information visualisation ; walkability ; walkability measure ; quantitative ; qualitative and mixed models and methods ; urban planning ; public space ; shift-share analysis ; employment dynamics ; sector composition ; metro-regions ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management
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    Cambridge University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-08-09
    Description: Analysing the interactions between institutions in the climate change and energy nexus, including the consequences for their legitimacy and effectiveness. Prominent researchers from political science and international relations compare three policy domains: renewable energy, fossil fuel subsidy reform, and carbon pricing. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
    Keywords: climate change ; energy ; environmental governance ; environmental policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities::KNBT Alternative & renewable energy industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TH Energy technology & engineering::THF Fossil fuel technologies ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TH Energy technology & engineering::THX Alternative & renewable energy sources & technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBP International environmental law
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    The MIT Press | The MIT Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: A new, biologically driven model of human behavior in which reason is tethered to the evolutionarily older autonomic, instinctive, and associative systems. In Reason and Less, Vinod Goel explains the workings of the tethered mind. Reason does not float on top of our biology but is tethered to evolutionarily older autonomic, instinctive, and associative systems. After describing the conceptual and neuroanatomical basis of each system, Goel shows how they interact to generate a blended response. Goel's commonsense account drives human behavior back into the biology, where it belongs, and provides a richer set of tools for understanding how we pursue food, sex, and politics. Goel takes the reader on a journey through psychology (cognitive, behavioral, developmental, and evolutionary), neuroscience, philosophy, ethology, economics, and political science to explain the workings of the tethered mind. One key insight that holds everything together is that feelings—generated in old, widely conserved brain stem structures—are evolution's solution to initiating and selecting all behaviors, and provide the common currency for the different systems to interact. Reason is as much about feelings as are lust and the taste of chocolate cake. All systems contribute to behavior and the overall control structure is one that maximizes pleasure and minimizes displeasure. Tethered rationality has some sobering and challenging implications for such real-world human behaviors as climate change denial, Trumpism, racism, or sexism. They cannot be changed simply by targeting beliefs but will require more drastic measures, the nature of which depends on the specific behavior in question. Having an accurate model of human behavior is the crucial first step.
    Keywords: rational ; reasoning ; decision making ; instincts ; heuristics ; emotions ; feelings ; human nature ; irrational ; arational ; belief revision ; behavioral economics ; neural plasticity ; changing worldviews ; science denial ; human behavior ; human behaviour ; tethered rationality ; blended response ; brains ; neural development ; evolution ; minds ; politics ; conspiracy theories ; weight management ; climate change ; overeating ; lust ; sex ; food ; in group outgroup bias ; cheaters ; gender roles ; impeachment ; covid-19 ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCK Behavioural economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: A Smart City is the perfect environment to study and exploit the interactions between actors because its architecture already integrates vaious elements to collect data and connect to its citizens. Furthermore, the proliferation of web platforms (e.g., social media and web fora) and the increased affordability of sensors and IoT devices (e.g., smart meters) make data related to a large and diverse set of users accessible, as their activities in the digital world reflect their real-life actions. These new technologies can be of great use for the stakeholders as, on the one hand, they provide them with semantically rich inputs and frequent updates at a relatively cheap cost and, on the other, form a direct channel of communication with the citizens. To fully exploit these new data sources, we need both novel computational methods (e.g., AI, data mining algorithms, knowledge representation) that are suitable for analyzing and understanding the dynamics behind energy consumption and also a deeper understanding of how these methods can be integrated into the existing design and decision processes (e.g., human-in-the-loop processes).Therefore, this Special Issue welcomed original multidisciplinary research works about AI, data science methods, and their integration in existing design/decision-making processes in the domain of energy consumption in Smart Cities.
    Keywords: building energy flexibility ; HOMER software ; peak clipping ; load shifting ; energy saving ; building performance assessment ; indoor environment quality ; occupants’ satisfaction ; post-occupancy evaluation ; Green Building Index ; tropical climate ; building performance simulation ; CO2 emission ; occupant’s comfort ; window allocation ; climate change ; energy consumption ; building energy load ; thermal load ; future weather ; operative temperature ; cooling load ; daily energy need ; solar gains ; nZEB ; historical buildings ; TRNSYS ; buildings retrofitting ; buildings office ; economic feasibility ; Renewable Energy Systems (RESs) ; Zero Energy District (ZED) ; Digital Twin (DT) ; Building Information Modelling (BIM) ; Geographic Information System (GIS) ; Revit software’s ; asymmetric duty cycle control ; bifilar coil ; pulse duty cycle control ; induction heating ; metal melting ; phase shift control ; pulse density modulation ; series resonant inverter ; variable frequency control ; building operation and maintenance ; extended reality ; virtual reality ; augmented reality ; mixed reality ; immersive technologies ; digital twins ; metaverse ; positive energy district ; district energy infrastructure ; decarbonisation of neighbourhoods ; GIS ; energy transition ; smart city policy ; carbon emission intensity ; digital transformation ; green innovation ; difference-in-differences ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Achieving the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires accurate, consistent and cost-efficient data. The papers in this book set out some of the frontiers regarding the use of Earth Observation (EO) data derived from satellites to help populate sustainable development indicators. It sets out the current challenges and opportunities in the field along with some case studies from around the world illustrating applications, such as exploring the use of EO for tracking SDG indicators using population grids to assessing resilience to extreme events such as flooding. Likewise, it covers diverse approaches that offer insights and guidance on environmental land management, desertification and support for evaluating education from space.
    Keywords: earth observation ; end-users ; environmental management ; land use ; Brazil ; Sustainable Development Goals ; hazards ; Earth observations ; remote sensing ; demography ; urbanization ; gridded population ; very high resolution satellite data ; habitat suitability ; habitat assessment ; Environmental Land Management ; monitoring ; verification ; reporting ; soil organic carbon ; soil organic matter ; Earth Observation ; SDGs ; indicator type ; data challenges ; UN sustainable development goals ; education ; socio-economic ; overcrowded schools ; vulnerability ; flooding ; Earth Observation (EO) ; Google Street View (GSV) ; climate change ; uncertainty evaluation ; desertification ; global change ; Earth observation ; planetary measurement ; Land Degradation Neutrality ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The book entitled “Biodiversity of Marine Microbes” aims at highlighting the significance of marine microbes as primary producers, their contribution in complex ecological processes and their roles in biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem functioning. The book includes five research papers covering the diversity and composition of marine microbial communities representing all three domains of life in various marine environments, including coastal eutrophic areas, ice waters, and lagoons. One paper examines the diversity and succession of bacterial and archaeal communities from coastal waters in mesocosm experiments. The combination of classical tools with novel technological advances implemented in the methods of the papers offered an opportunity to answer fundamental questions and shed light on the complex and diverse life of marine microbes.
    Keywords: nutrients ; HABs ; mucilaginous aggregates ; Noctiluca scintillans ; Dinophysis ; Mesodinium rubrum ; microbial food web ; bacteria ; nanoflagellates ; ciliates ; Taiwan Strait ; bacterial and archaea diversity ; light ; climate change ; phytoplankton blooms ; 454-pyrosequencing ; brackish ; dinoflagellates ; diatoms ; cyanobacteria ; transitional water bodies ; White Sea ; under-ice water ; picoeukaryotes ; Micromonas ; Mantoniella ; high-throughput sequencing ; metagenomics ; 18S rDNA ; algae ; prokaryotes ; microeukaryotes ; coastal eutrophic systems ; blooms ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Beat Studies represent a vibrant field of intellectual inquiry, and this collection examines Beat culture as deeply infused with ecological themes. Allen Ginsberg invented the term "Flower Power" and Beat texts uncover the sources of our current existential climate predicament. This is the first edited collection to place the Beat Generation in conversation with the environment. A diverse number of contributors from Asia, Europe, and North America addresses essential environmental subjects and the deep ecological vision of the Beats.
    Keywords: Allen Ginsberg ; Beat Generation ; poetry ; poetics ; memory ; Guy Debord ; psychogeography ; landscape ; ecocriticism ; pilgrimage ; Geoffrey Chaucer ; The Canterbury Tales ; Jack Kerouac ; On the Road ; ecopoetics ; slow travel ; vernacular ; William S. Burroughs ; Naked Lunch ; dark ecology ; consumption ; control ; Timothy Morton ; speciesism ; consumerism ; mass extinction ; climate change ; environmental humanities ; posthuman ; non-philosophy ; Beat women ; eco-criticism ; green reading ; Diane di Prima ; Anne Waldman ; Kerouac ; frontier ; ecotopia ; ecopoetry ; New York School ; New American Poetry ; reparative reading ; environment ; Black Mountain ; Queer ; Ghost of Chance ; Yage Letters ; Madagascar ; experimental film ; cyberpunk ; nature ; sound ; animals ; beat generation ; comparative literature ; white shamanism ; Beat poetry ; anthropocentric materialism ; Buddhist poetics ; biotic community ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: English
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    IRD Éditions
    Publication Date: 2022-07-01
    Description: The mobilisation centred on the 2015 Paris Climate Conference (COP 21) is an opportunity to highlight the vulnerability of environments and populations in the South in the face of climate warming. Some tropical regions are already suffering from its effects, with heat waves in the Sahel, disturbances to monsoon systems, the melting of the Andean glaciers, threats to biodiversity, a rise in sea level and other features. Research conducted by IRD and its partners provides key knowledge for better understanding of the complexity of these phenomena. This book is a synthesis in three parts: observing and understanding climate change, analysing its main impacts on environments and setting societies and national public policies at the heart of the climate challenge. Focused on the capacity for resilience of populations and ecosystems in the face of trends in the climate, the book explores solutions that reconcile mitigation and adaptation in response to climate change, conservation of the environment and a reduction of inequalities. The work is both well documented and explanatory, reviewing operations and the results of research that is firmly involved and interdisciplinary, closely associating partners in the North and the South.
    Keywords: climate change ; resilience ; climatology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Climate change has been widely recognised as a major challenge to the world, with significant environmental, economic and social consequences. Given this, addressing climate change is an urgent and profound task of society, a complex and difficult mission of several generations. To address the challenge of climate change, there is a need to develop a holistic climate change mitigation and adaptation framework that can cover as many climate-related topics as possible and connect as many stakeholders as possible across the globe. This book is an important one, bringing together key climate-related topics, including climate-induced impact assessment, environmental vulnerability and resilience assessment, greenhouse gas emission dynamics and sequestration, climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies in addition to climate-related governance. Results reported in this book are conducive to a better understanding of the climate emergency, climate-related impacts and the solutions. We expect the book to benefit decision makers, practitioners and researchers in different fields such as climate modelling and prediction, forest ecosystems, land management, urban planning and design, urban governance in addition to institutional operation. Prof. Bao-Jie He acknowledges Project NO. 2021CDJQY-004, supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. We appreciate the assistance from Mr. Lifeng Xiong, Mr. Wei Wang, Ms. Xueke Chen and Ms. Anxian Chen at the School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, China.
    Keywords: climate change ; sustainable development goals ; urban transformation ; decarbonization ; built environment ; governance ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This book examines how educators internationally can better understand the role of education as a public good designed to nurture peace, tolerance, sustainable livelihoods and human fulfilment. Bringing together empirical and theoretical perspectives, this insightful text develops new understandings of education for sustainable development and global citizenship (ESD/GC) and illustrates how these might impact on educational research, policy and practice. The text recognizes the ESD/GC as pivotal to the universal ambitions of UNESCO’s Sustainable Development Goals, and focuses on the role of teachers and teacher educators in delivering the appropriate educational response to promote equity and sustainability. Chapters explore factors including curriculum design, values and assessment in teacher education, and consider how each and every learner can be guaranteed an understanding of their role in promoting a just and sustainable global society. This book will be of great interest to academics, researchers, school leaders, practitioners, policy makers and students in the fields of education, teacher education and sustainability.
    Keywords: assessment ; climate change ; critical global citizenship education ; curriculum studies ; educational politics ; global citizenship ; inclusive education ; politics of education ; politics of equity ; Sustainable Development Goals ; sustainable development ; Teacher Education ; UNESCO ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The pandemic period has caused severe socio-economic damage, but it is accompanied by environmental deterioration that can also affect economic opportunities and social equity. In the face of this double risk, future generations are ready to be resilient and make their contribution not only on the consumption side, but also through their inclusion in all companies by bringing green and circular principles with them. Policy makers can also favor this choice.
    Keywords: mobility choice ; COVID-19 ; best–worst method ; multi-criteria decision making ; air pollution ; air quality ; health effects ; economic burden ; food system ; circular economy ; sustainability ; EU ; Twitter ; COVID-19 pandemic ; local community ; perception analysis ; econometric modeling ; data science ; reflexive governance ; climate change ; infrastructure ; urban resilience ; social sustainability ; economic sustainability ; environmental sustainability ; China ; business ; innovation ecosystem ; innovation strategy ; electric vehicle ; dominant design ; crisis ; pandemic ; higher education ; digitalization ; distance learning ; Covid-19 outbreak ; resilience ; n/a ; strategic resilience ; multi-domain resilience ; strategic agility ; change ; sustainability strategy ; financialization ; TFP ; innovation ; resilience of city ; infectious disease ; urban planning ; supply chain resilience ; IT disruptions ; efficiency measurement ; warehouse logistics ; DEA ; resilient supply chains ; external capital ; customer–supplier relationship ; circular network ; cyber-security ; e-commerce ; Europe ; supply chain collaboration ; small- and medium-sized enterprises ; grey DEMATEL ; fuzzy best-worst method ; agrivoltaic system ; solar photovoltaics ; agronomic management ; crop production ; Food-Energy-Water nexus ; sustainable integration ; women’s leadership ; America Latina ; small and medium-sized enterprises ; renewable energy ; sustainable electricity production ; socio-economic sustainability ; sustainable development goals ; emission level ; levelized cost ; gross domestic product ; pig farmers ; adoption willingness of IoT traceability technology ; Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology ; Latent Moderate Structural Equations ; biomethane ; natural gas grid ; bioenergy ; biogas ; gas supply decarbonization ; incentives ; competences ; digitization ; digital transformation ; Asia Pacific ; CO2 emission ; demand shock ; hypothetical extraction method ; input–output model ; sectoral linkage ; emerging cities ; sustainable operations ; case studies ; the Asian region ; resilience decisions ; cybersecurity ; consumers’ awareness ; methodology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: To cope with the challenges of climate change, it is essential to assess climate-induced impacts and explore possible solutions. Remote sensing techniques are capable of monitoring, collecting, interpreting, and mapping the physical characteristics of Earth’s surface and its associated spatiotemporal variations. These techniques outperform many data acquisition techniques in overcoming spatial and geographic constraints. The adoption of remote sensing techniques strengthens the capacity for climate change mitigation and adaptation and facilitates evidence-based climate governance. This book presents the use of different kinds of remote sensing techniques to obtain original data across global, regional, city, or local scales for exploring climate-related issues such as sea level variation, sea ice dynamics, drought, extreme heat and precipitation, ecosystem services and carbon sequestration, forest and vegetation cover, coastal subsidence, atmospheric carbon monoxide, soil erosion and runoff, and urban heat islands. This book is important to demonstrate the use of remote sensing techniques for revealing climate-related risks and vulnerabilities. Meanwhile, results reported in this book provide a good understanding of the climate emergency situations, drivers, and solutions. We expect the book to benefit decision makers, practitioners, and researchers in different fields such as climate modeling and prediction, forest ecosystem, land management, urban planning and design, urban governance, and institutional operations. Prof. Bao-Jie He acknowledges that Project NO. 2021CDJQY-004 is supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and that Project NO. 2022ZA01 is supported by the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, China. We appreciate the assistance from Mr. Lifeng Xiong, Mr. Wei Wang, Ms. Xueke Chen, and Ms. Anxian Chen at the School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, China.
    Keywords: climate change ; sustainable development goals ; urban transformation ; decarbonization ; built environment ; governance ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Many people live in rural areas in tropical regions. Rural development is not merely a contribution to the growth of individual countries. It can be a way to reduce poverty and to increase access to water, health care, and education. Sustainable rural development can also help stop deforestation and reduce livestock, which generate most of the greenhouse gas emissions. However, efforts to achieve a sustainable rural development are often thwarted by floods, drought, heat waves, and hurricanes, which local communities are not very prepared to tackle. Agricultural practices and local planning are still not very risk-informed. These deficiencies are particularly acute in tropical regions, where many Least Developed Countries are located and where there is, however, great potential for rural development. This Special Issue contains 22 studies on best practices for risk awareness; on local risk reduction; on several cases of soil depletion, water pollution, and sustainable access to safe water; and on agronomy, earth sciences, ecology, economy, environmental engineering, geomatics, materials science, and spatial and regional planning in 12 tropical countries.
    Keywords: climate change ; contingency plan ; flood risk ; local development plan ; risk management ; sustainable rural development ; agricultural drought ; heavy rains ; hydrological drought ; meteorological drought ; risk assessment ; Sahel ; early warning ; hydrology ; local communities ; Niger river basin ; rural development ; disaster risk reduction ; official development assistance ; public participation ; risk tracking ; Sendai framework ; sustainable development ; dataset validation ; precipitation ; Kenya ; local climate ; ASALs ; Quantile Mapping ; climate services ; local drought risk reduction ; smallholder farmers ; agrometeorological forecast ; Niger ; natural resources ; Mauritania ; resource management ; regional planning ; participatory approach ; EO data ; water resources ; sustainable management ; local development ; water for food security ; building consolidation ; extreme precipitations ; flood exposure ; satellite remote sensing ; settlement dynamics ; vulnerability ; agriculture ; Nitrate runoff ; real-time monitoring ; water quality ; rural area ; scant data ; nitrate contamination ; water ; flood ; Sinai Peninsula ; flash flood ; CORDEX ; water harvesting ; indigenous farmers ; multinational corporations ; systems thinking ; Nigeria ; sub-Saharan Africa ; drought ; rainfall regime ; soil biogeochemistry ; natural disasters ; flooding ; flood vulnerability ; inequality ; risk premium ; expected annual damages ; certainty equivalent annual damages ; equity weight expected annual damages ; equity weight certainty equivalent annual damage ; soil erosion ; Great Rift Valley Lakes ; ASAL ; desertification ; groundwater resources ; fluoride ; main Ethiopian Rift Valley ; developing countries ; welfare ; panel probit model ; adoption ; propensity score matching ; water crisis in Africa ; water collection and retention systems ; sand dam ; migration ; risk communication ; volcanic hazards ; social risk perception ; resilience ; demonstrator ; scenario ; multi-risk analysis ; climate-smart agriculture ; socio-ecological systems ; extension ; Belize ; milpa ; food security ; sustainability ; photovoltaic energy ; desalination system ; SIDS ; CO2 emissions ; LCOW ; LEOW ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Anthropogenic activities are significant drivers of climate change and environmental degradation. Such activities are particularly influential in the context of the land system that is an important medium connecting earth surface, atmospheric dynamics, ecological systems, and human activities. Assessment of land use land cover changes and associated environmental, economic, and social consequences is essential to provide references for enhancing climate resilience and improving environmental sustainability. On the one hand, this book touches on various environmental topics, including soil erosion, crop yield, bioclimatic variation, carbon emission, natural vegetation dynamics, ecosystem and biodiversity degradation, and habitat quality caused by both climate change and earth surface modifications. On the other hand, it explores a series of socioeconomic facts, such as education equity, population migration, economic growth, sustainable development, and urban structure transformation, along with urbanization. The results of this book are of significance in terms of revealing the impact of land use land cover changes and generating policy recommendations for land management. More broadly, this book is important for understanding the interrelationships among life on land, good health and wellbeing, quality education, climate actions, economic growth, sustainable cities and communities, and responsible consumption and production according to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We expect the book to benefit decision makers, practitioners, and researchers in different fields, such as climate governance, crop science and agricultural engineering, forest ecosystem, land management, urban planning and design, urban governance, and institutional operation.Prof. Bao-Jie He acknowledges the Project NO. 2021CDJQY-004 supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Project NO. 2022ZA01 supported by the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, China. We appreciate the assistance of Mr. Lifeng Xiong, Mr. Wei Wang, Ms. Xueke Chen, and Ms. Anxian Chen at School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, China.
    Keywords: climate change ; sustainable development goals ; urban transformation ; decarbonization ; built environment ; governance ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue, “Approaches in Enhancing Antioxidant Defense in Plants” published 13 original research works and a couple of review articles that discuss the various aspects of plant oxidative stress biology and ROS metabolism, as well as the physiological mechanisms and approaches to enhancing antioxidant defense and mitigating oxidative stress. These papers will serve as a foundation for plant oxidative stress tolerance and, in the long term, provide further research directions in the development of crop plants’ tolerance to abiotic stress in the era of climate change.
    Keywords: melatonin ; water stress ; drought ; waterlogging ; abiotic stress ; antioxidants ; stress signaling ; phytohormones ; antioxidant ; biomolecules ; climate change ; reactive oxygen species ; halophytes ; soil salinity ; signaling molecules ; molybdenum ; cadmium stress ; photosynthetic pigments ; oxidative damage ; quality characters ; fragrant rice ; brassinosteroids ; chromium ; heavy metals ; rice ; adaptability ; heat stress ; water homeostasis ; hormone ; stoma ; transpiration ; antioxidant defense systems ; gene ontology ; miRNA ; 3D structures ; methyl jasmonate ; photosystem ; Brassica napus ; salinity stress ; antioxidant enzymes ; osmolytes ; ROS ; metabolites ; antioxidant defence ; ascorbate ; glutathione ; microspore embryogenesis ; Hordeum vulgare ; ×Triticosecale Wittm. ; nitric oxide ; iron-deficiency ; chlorosis ; alfalfa ; chilling ; legumes ; pollen ; stigma ; acclimatization ; stress ; Cr+6 bioremediation ; improved antioxidant activity ; plant growth promotion ; rhizobacteria ; superoxide dismutase ; potato ; AlphaFold ; salicylic acid ; Glycine max ; seed germination ; photosynthesis ; secondary metabolites ; salinity ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: The main objective of this Special Issue is to contribute in understanding and provide science-based knowledge, new ideas/approaches and solutions in sustainable river management, to improve water management policies and practices following different environmental requirements aspects.
    Keywords: flood frequency ; rainfall-runoff model ; river-based tourism ; reservoir regulation ; water availability ; climate variability ; land use change ; flood hazard zone ; EBA4SUB model ; FLO-2D ; Mike11 ; dynamic flow releases ; flow regime ; hydrological methods ; Indicators of Hydrological Alteration ; river health ; artificial intelligence ; Ganga ; groundwater ; Hindon ; statistical indicators ; Uttar Pradesh ; bottom sediments ; soil core ; levee ; stability analysis ; geosynthetics ; dykes ; levees ; protection ; reinforcement ; stabilization ; drainage ; erosion control ; barriers ; emission reductions ; climate change ; hydro-economic water allocation ; optimal water allocation ; risk analysis ; water supply ; the Thames ; ecosystem ; pollution ; biodiversity ; non-native species ; ecosystem management ; remediation ; restoration ; monitoring ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This volume collects papers dealing with the integrated study of emerged and submerged areas, by means of different approaches and techniques. It shows the reasons why the integration of terrestrial and marine datasets would be desirable in geoenvironmental studies, and demonstrates how such an integration is unquestionably beneficial in modern research, ranging from Late Quaternary landscape evolution to geohazards, geomorphological mapping, geoarchaeology, geoheritage and geodiversity, and marine benthic habitat mapping.
    Keywords: coastal landscape evolution ; Roman harbours ; archaeological sea level marker ; cultural heritage documentation ; unmanned surface vessel ; remote sensing of acoustic and optical data ; 3D photogrammetric point cloud ; water resources ; geodiversity assessment ; geosystem services ; geoheritage ; hydro-geodiversity ; Sesia Val Grande UNESCO Global Geopark ; underwater geoheritage ; geosites ; geomorphological survey ; geotourism ; Portofino Park ; Italy ; rocky coast ; extreme waves ; active erosion ; geohazard ; Croatia ; morphostratigraphy ; sea-level changes ; marine terraces ; river incisions ; Adriatic Sea ; coastal geomorphology ; submarine geomorphology ; cliffs ; Cilento ; southern Italy ; geomorphometry ; seafloor mapping ; spatial analysis ; algal reefs ; bioconstruction volume ; multibeam bathymetry ; sound velocity ; Quaternary sediment ; submerged alluvial plain ; coastal morphodynamics ; climate change ; vulnerability index ; Gozo ; Malta ; terrestrial geomorphology ; white ribbon ; paleo-geography ; coastal management ; eastern Adriatic coast ; estuary ; sea-level rise ; tufa ; multi-beam ; sub-bottom profiler ; holocene ; Last Glacial Maximum ; Sardinia ; Sumatra ; barrier island ; earthquake ; tsunami ; land subsidence ; liquefaction ; morphology resilience ; GIS ; sea level oscillation ; Tyrrhenian margin ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Plant Adaptation to Global Climate Change discusses the issues of the impact of climate change factors (abiotic and biotic) on vegetation. This book also deals with simulation modeling approaches to understanding the long-term effects of different environmental factors on vegetation. This book is a valuable resource for the environmental science research community, including those interested in assessing climate change impacts on vegetation and researchers working on simulation modeling.
    Keywords: climate change impacts ; sugarcane ; yield ; harvested area ; production ; Thai agriculture ; rice ; heat stress ; whole genome DNA microarray ; yield loss ; MapMan analysis ; HRDE ; anthesis and maturity date ; crop yield ; SimCLIM ; DSSAT model ; planting date ; basal area increment ; air temperature ; precipitation ; Taylor’s power law ; tree ring analysis ; climate change ; farm work ; WBGT ; mitigation ; East Africa ; leaf temperature ; infrared thermography ; thermal imagery ; tropical rain forest ; isoprenoid exchanges ; ground ; litter emissions ; soil ; Pinus pinea ; distance gradient ; Mediterranean turf ; agro-ecosystems ; biodiversity ; weed communities ; Ethiopia highlands ; seasonal climate ; crop impacts ; bananas ; Black Sigatoka Leaf Disease ; climate ; global spread &amp ; impact ; habitat suitability ; species distribution ; conservation ; P. africana ; actual evapotranspiration ; modified Penman–Monteith ; sap flow ; scaling methods ; allometric correlations ; sapwood depth ; sapwood area ; leaf area index ; species distribution model ; scenarios ; GIS ; ecological niche ; grapevine ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: An increasing number of people live in cities. In recent decades, this, combined with rural abandonment and landscape polarisation, has resulted in high land ownership concentrations and agricultural intensification. This, in turn, has resulted in a significant decrease in the resilience of agriculture and overall food systems and threatens the maintenance of traditional indigenous and peasant farming. Therefore, there is an urgent need to reconnect society with the sustainable use of agroecosystems by fostering resilient social–ecological systems, emphasising the links between the functioning of natural systems and human well-being, and stressing the benefits that people derive from them. This Special Issue aims to highlight impactful research and commentaries that focus on attempts to connect people with nature for the promotion of sustainable agricultural transitions. This Issue embraces inter- and trans-disciplinary studies from multiple disciplines (e.g., agricultural sciences, environmental sciences, geography, economy, and sociology), as well as those incorporating other knowledge systems (e.g., local and indigenous) in the co-construction of knowledge for sustainable agriculture, including studies in rural areas (e.g., GIAHS or HNV farmland) and initiatives that address urban–rural relationships or those developed within metropolitan areas (e.g., community-supported agriculture, food hubs, domestic gardens, multifunctional agriculture, and farmers´ or consumers´ cooperatives) and studies assessing the societal and ecological impacts of those initiatives.
    Keywords: community supported agriculture ; alternative food networks ; spatial proximity ; relational proximity ; cross-national case study ; sustainable agriculture ; rural-urban interaction ; agroecology ; youth ; human-nature connectedness ; sustainability transitions ; depopulation ; ecological agriculture ; water conservation ; double-hurdle model ; interpretative structural modeling ; adoptions ; threatened plant ; agriculture ; Spain ; land use ; conservation ; human-nature reconnection ; cultural landscapes ; drivers of change ; landscape planning ; landscape stewardship ; mixed methods ; participatory governance ; rural abandonment ; stakeholder inclusion ; urban growth ; participatory mapping ; ecosystem services ; demand ; PGIS ; agricultural landscapes ; human nature connectedness ; agricultural innovations ; multi-level perspective ; agricultural knowledge and innovation systems (AKIS) ; conservative agriculture practices ; knowledge co-production ; mediterranean horticulture ; integrated pest management ; greenhouses ; soil health ; biological control ; pond naturalisation ; collective action ; socio-ecological systems ; sustainable agricultural transition ; consumers/citizens ; sustainable consumption ; innovative business models ; alternative agri-food networks (AAFNs) ; human–nature connectedness (HNC) ; multi-level perspective (MLP) ; community-supported agriculture (CSA) ; cooperatives ; food systems governance ; public policy ; inclusive multilateralism ; rights-based approach ; biodiversity ; climate change ; nature ; foodshed archipelago ; proximity food supply chains ; spatial signature ; city-region ; food self-sufficiency ; regional food security ; agricultural diversification ; food planning ; regional food system ; food policy ; socioecological systems ; local identity ; world heritage site ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This volume of Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability covers topics on green finance and investment, collaboration building and public engagement, and industry governance towards carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability. First, it presents issues related to embodied carbon in the international trade, impacts of the green finance system on carbon emissions, the implementation of green deal strategies, linkage between foreign direct investment and carbon emissions, and the implications of COVID-19 for decarbonisation actions. Following such critical problems, theoretical conceptualisation of new green deals, international research team collaboration for sustainability, nature conservation communication in social networks, and the efficiency of environmental policies in emission reduction are discussed. Next, close attention is paid to various industries, including agriculture, tourism, and manufacturing, by analysing topics relevant to the impacts of climate-related factors, assessment indicator systems or appraisal systems, and value chain systems. In addition, the book also presents disaster risk mapping studies for assessing vulnerability, best practices of risk management, and cases on environment-induced impacts on health. Results reported in this book are conducive to a better understanding of green finance and investment regimes, community engagement, and industry sustainability. We expect the book to benefit decision-makers, practitioners, and researchers in different fields and contribute to carbon neutrality and economic growth.
    Keywords: climate change ; sustainable development goals ; urban transformation ; decarbonization ; built environment ; governance ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: English
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