ALBERT

Note: CONTENTS VOLUME 2 Section 6 GULLY DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES Chapter 31 Thresholds of Channel Initiation in Historical and Holocene Times, Southeastern Australia / I. P. Prosser Chapter 32 The Role of Sideslope Gullies in the Production andDelivery of Sediment to Contemporary Terraces, Rambla del Hornillo, Southern Spain / H. Faulkner Chapter 33 Holocene Hillslope Gully Systems in the Howgill Fells, Cumbria / A. M. Harvey Chapter 34 Unsaturated Strength and Preferential Flow as Controls on Gully Head Development / A. J. C. Collison Section 7 SLOPE STABILITY Chapter 35 Landslides and Stability in the Nepalese Middle Hills under Seasonal and Agricultural Land-Use Change Scenarios / K. Wu and J. B. Thornes Chapter 36 Developments in Slope Hydrology-Stability Modelling for Tropical Slopes / M. G. Anderson, A. J. C. Collison, J. Hartshorne, D. M. Lloyd and A. Park Chapter 37 The Mechanics and Landforms of Deep-Seated Landslides / D. Petley Chapter 38 The Assessment and Modelling of Hydrological Failure Conditions of Landslides in the Puriscal Region (Costa Rica) and the Manizales Region (Colombia) / M. T. J. Terlien, P. G. B. De Louw, Th. W. J. Van Asch and R. A. A. Hetterschijt Chapter 39 The Effects of Grass Roots on the Shear Strength of Colluvial Soils in Nepal / C. J. Lawrance, R. J. Rickson and J. E. Clark Chapter 40 Development of an Episodic Landform Change Model based upon the Black Ven Mudslide, 1946-1995 / D. Brunsden and J. H. Chandler Chapter 41 Coastal Slope Development: Temporal and Spatial Periodicity in the Holderness Cliff Recession / J. Pethick Section 8 TROPICAL HILLSLOPE PROCESSES Chapter 42 A New Approach towards the Quantification of Runoff and Eroded Sediment from Bench Terraces in Humid Tropical Steeplands and its Application in South-Central Java, Indonesia / L. A. Bruijnzee/ and W. R. S. Critchley Chapter 43 Hydrological Pathways and Water Chemistry in Amazonian Rain Forests / H. Elsenbeer and A. Lack Chapter 44 Observations on Slope Processes in a Tropical Rain Forest Environment Before and After Forest Plantation Establishment / A. Maimer Chapter 45 Tectonics and Relief in Tropical Forested Mountains: The Gipfelflur Hypothesis Revisited / A. P. Dykes and J. B. Thornes Section 9 SEMI-ARID HILLSLOPE PROCESSES Chapter 46 Hillslope Response to Extreme Storm Events: The Example of the Vaison-La-Romaine Event / J. Wainwright Chapter 47 Geomorphological Implications of Vegetation Patchiness on Semi-arid Slopes / J. Puigdefabregas and G. Sanchez Chapter 48 Runoff and Erosion on Semi-arid Hillslopes / A. J. Parsons, J. Wainwright and A. D. Abrahams Chapter 49 Cuesta Scarp Forms and Processes in Different Attitudinal Belts of the Colorado Plateau as Indicators of Climatic Change / K.-H. Schmidt and P. Meitz Chapter 50 Modelling the Complexity of Land Surface Response to Climatic Variability in Mediterranean Environments / M. Mulligan Section 10 PERIGLACIAL HILLSLOPE PROCESSES Chapter 51 Processes of Thaw-Induced Mass Movement in Non-cohesive Soils: Results of an Instrumented Slope Simulation Experiment / C. Harris and M. C. R. Davies Chapter 52 Paraglacial Slope Adjustment during Recent Deglaciation and Its Implication for Slope Evolution in Formerly Glaciated Environments / C. K. Ballantyne and D. I. Benn Chapter 53 Paraglacial or Periglacial? The Sedimentology of Slope Deposits in Upland Northumberland / S. Harrison Chapter 54 Slow Mass Movements and Climatic Relationships, 1972-1994, Kapp Linné, West Spitzbergen / H. J. Akerman Chapter 55 Rock Weathering and the Formation of Summit Blockfield Slopes in Norway: Examples and Implications / B. R. Rea, W. B. Whalley and E. M. Porter Author Index Subject Index

Note: ОГЛАВАВНИВ Введение Глава I. ИСТОРИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И СОВРЕМЕННОЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЕ ОБ ЭВОЛЮЦИИ AЛACOB Глава 2. ФИЗИКО-ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ АЛАСОВ Глава 3. ГЕОКРИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ АЛАСОВ Глава 4. МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ И ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ AЛACOB 4.1. Морфометрия и морфология аласов 4.2. Распространение аласов 4.3. Ориентированные аласы и их происхождение Глава 5. ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ РАЗВИТИЯ АЛАСОВ ОТ УВЛАЖНЕННОСТИ ТЕРРИТОРИИ 5.1. О ритмичности природных процессов и явлений 5.2. Изменения суммы атмосферных осадков 5.3. Изменения обводнения аласов 5.4. Колебания уровня аласных озер за период инструментальннх наблюдений 5.5. Связь колебаний уровня озер с общей увлажненностью территории Глава 6. ОТЛОЖЕНИЯ АЛАСНЫХ ОЗЕР - ОТРАЖЕНИЕ ИСТОРИИ РАЗВИТИЯ АЛАСОВ 6.1. Методика проведенного исследования 6.2. Механизм формирования донных отложений аласных озер 6.3. Стратификация и состав донных отложений аласных озер 6.4. Спорово-пыльцевой спектр донных отложений и природные особенности прошлых эпох 6.5. Колебания уровня аласных озер за многолетний период rлава 7. НАРОДНОХО3ЯЙСТВЕННОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПРОВЕДЕННЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРА , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Preface Introduction Magmatic and hydrothermal processes in ore-bearing systems Judith L. Hannah and Holly J. Stein Theoretical and Experimental Studies Theoretical contraints on the chemistry of the magmatic aqueous phase Philip A. Candela Partitioning of F and Cl between magmatic hydrothermal fluids and highly evolved granitic magma James D. Webster and John R. Holloway Internal differentiation of rare-element pegmatites; A synthesis of recent research David London Fluorine-rich Granite-Rhyolite Systems The petrogenetic and metallogenetic significance of topaz granite from the southwest England orefield D.A.C. Manning and P. I. Hill The role of fluorine in the petrogenesis of magmatic segregations in the SL Francois volcano-plutonic terrane, southeastern Missouri P. I. Nabelek and C. Russ-Nabelek Melt inclusions in the quartz phenocrysts of rhyolites from Topaz and Keg Mountains, Thomas Range, Utah Christine Payette and Robert F. Martin Rare-metal enriched peralumininous rhyolites in a continental arc, Sierra Bianca area, Trans-Pecos Texas; Chemical modification by vapor-phase crystallization Jonathan G. Price, Jeffrey N. Rubin, Christopher D. Henry, Thomas L. Pinkston, Steven W. Tweedy, and David W. Koppenaal Tin and Tungsten-bearing Granitoids Comparative petrologic evolution of the Sn and W granites of the Fairbanks-Circle area, interior Alaska R. J. Newberry, L. E. Bums, S. E. Swanson, and T. E. Smith Mineralogical variation as a guide to the petrogenesis of the tin granites and related skarns, Seward Peninsula, Alaska Samuel E. Swanson, Rainer J. Newberry, Gary A. Coulter, and Thomas M. Dyehouse Geochemistry of highly fractionated I- and S-type granites from the tin-tungsten province of western Tasmania W. N. Sawka, M. T. Heizler, R. W. Kistler, and B. W. Chappell Genesis and fluid evolution of the East Kemptville greisen-hosted tin mine, southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada Jean M. Richardson, Keith Bell, David H. Watkinson, and John Blenkinsop Mica chemistry as an indicator of oxygen and halogen fugacities in the CanTung and other W-related granitoids in the North American Cordillera W. T. van Middelaar and J. D. Keith The Black Pearl mine, Arizona; Wolframite veins and stockscheider pegmatite related to an albitic stock Christopher Schmitz and Donald M. Burt Tin-bearing Rhyolites, Black Range, New Mexico Genesis of the rhyolite-hosted tin occurrences in the Black Range, New Mexico, as indicated by stable isotope studies Robert O. Rye, John L. Lufkin, and Michael D. Wasserman Eruptive fountains of silicic magma and their possible effects on the tin content of fountain-fed lavas, Taylor Creek Rhyolite, New Mexico Wendell A. Duffield Origin of Taylor Creek rhyolite magma, Black Range, New Mexico, based on Nd-Sr isotope studies Cadi Reece, Joaquin Ruiz, Wendell A. Duffield, and P. Jonathan Patchett Other Pre-Tertiary Granitoid Examples Petrogenesis of the Proterozoic rapakivi granites of Finland Ilmari Haapala and O. Tapani Rämö The Topsails igneous suite, western Newfoundland; Fractionation and magma mixing in an "orogenic" A-type granite suite Joseph B. Whalen and Kenneth L. Currie Anorogenic, bimodal emplacement of anorthositic, charnockitic, and related rocks in the Adirondack Mountains, New York James McLelland and Philip Whitney Geochemistry and metallogeny of Arizona peraluminous granitoids with reference to Appalachian and European occurrences Anne L. Shaw and John M. Guilbert Index

Note: Zugl.: Berlin, Freie Univ., Habil.-Schr.

Note: Chapter 1. Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals: An Overview by Arthur F. White and Susan L. Brantley, p. 1 - 22 Chapter 2. Fundamental Approaches in Describing Mineral Dissolution and Precipitation Rates by Antonio C. Lasaga, p. 23 - 86 Chapter 3. Silicate Mineral Dissolution as a Ligand-Exchange Reaction by William H. Casey and Christian Ludwig, p. 87 - 118 Chapter 4. Chemical Weathering Rates of Pyroxenes and Amphiboles by Susan L. Brantley and Y. Chen, p. 119 - 172 Chapter 5. Dissolution and Precipitation Kinetics of Sheet Silicates by Kathryn L. Nagy, p. 173 - 234 Chapter 6. Kinetic and Thermodynamic Controls on Silica Reactivity in Weathering Environments by Patricia M. Dove, p. 235 - 290 Chapter 7. Feldspar Dissolution Kinetics by Alex E. Blum and Lisa L. Stillings, p. 291 - 352 Chapter 8. Chemical Weathering of Silicates in Nature: A Microscopic Perspective with Theoretical Considerations by Michael F. Hochella, Jr. and Jillian F. Banfield, p. 353 - 406 Chapter 9. Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals in Soils by Arthur F. White, p. 407 - 462 Chapter 10. Weathering Rates in Catchments by James I. Drever and D. W. Clow, p. 463 - 484 Chapter 11. Estimating Field Weathering Rates using Laboratory Kinetics by Harald Sverdrup and Per Warfvinge, p. 585 - 542 Chapter 12. Relating Chemical and Physical Erosion by Robert F. Stallard, p. 543 - 564 Chapter 13. Chemical Weathering and Its Effect on Atmospheric CO2 and Climate by Robert A. Berner, p. 565 - 583

Note: СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Антропогенные изменения климата криоэкология / М.К.Гаврилова Изменчивость параметров гидротермического режима грунтов на склоновых ландшафтах Центральной Якутии / С.П.Варлатов, Ю.Б. Скачков, П.Н.Скрябин Влияние инверсии воздуха на температурный режим маревых ландшафтов Западной Якутии / П.Я. Копстаптинов К вопросу типизации деятельного слоя на примере Якутии / И.С. Васильев Склоновая микрозональность ландшафтов долины среднего течения р. Амги / А.Н. Горохов. Криогенные "мезы" - специфическая особенность высокогорных ландшафтов Центральных Анд / А.П. Горбунов. Засоление почв при аласообразовании / Р.В. Десяткин Радиационный баланс и микроклимат листвсннично-березовоrо леса Центральной Якутии / И. Сугаров Оценка чувствительности мерзлотных ландшафтов на примере трассы маmстрального водовода р Лена-Татта / А.Н. Федоров, Н.П. Босиков, П.Я. Константинов, Я.И. Торговкин, И.С.Василъев, Т.А. Ботулу Дистанционный контроль естественной и антропогенной динамики природной среды Севера / М.М. Шаи, А.Г. Корев, С.И.Сериков О развитии криогенных процессов и устойчивости агроземель в Якутии / П.П. Гаврилъев О влиянии техногенных нарушений на температурный режим грунтов на Приленском плато / П.Н.Скрябин, Г.Г. Пудов Прокладка газопровода на маревых и аласных участках Центральной Якутии / И.П. Константинов, В.А. Попов Криогенное разрушение сенокосных угодий Заполярья / В.П. Босиков Формирование и режим техногенных криопэщв в ландшафтах долины р. Лены / B.Н. Kиpeeв Температура rорных пород техногенных ландшафтов месторождения трубки "Удачная" / И.В. Климовский, С.П. Готовцев Изменение водно-физических свойств почв аласов под антропогенным воздействием / В.Г. Тарабукина Подземные льды и хозяйственное освоение высокогорных территорий Тянь-Шаня и Памира / Е.Д. Ермолин Уточненная методика сглаживания для решения одномерной задачи Стефана / А.С. Тетельбаум , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Appendix 4: Geological map of the Suomenniemi complex 〈1: 100000〉 , Zugl.: Helsinki, Univ., Diss., 1991

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD PREFACE INTRODUCTION SECTION 1: GENERAL PAPERS Case Study of a Grounded Jam; Restigouche River, New Brunswick / by S. Beltaos and B.C. Burrell Water Balance and Geochemistry Studies in a Tundra Watershed, District of Keewatin, Northwest Territories / by G.G. Bursey, T.W.D. Edwards and S.K. Frape River Icing Mounds: a Winter Water Source on the Eastern North Slope of Alaska / by E.F. Chacho, C.M. Collins, A.J. Delaney and S.A. Arcone Geochemical Evolution of Water in a Continental High Boreal Wetland Basin: Preliminary Results / by D. Craig A Physical Model of Ice Overthn.ist during the Break-Up of Intact River-Ice Covers / by M.N. Demuth and T.D. Prowse Seasonal Changes in the Hydrochemistry of Land Drainage: Colour Lake Catchment, Axel Heiberg Island, N.W.T. / by M. English, S. Schiff, M. Ecclestone, W.P. Adams, M. Hinton, L. Pezzutto, R. Elgood, C. Allan and D. Pierson Shape, Length and Flow· Conditions of Conduits at South Cascade Glacier, Washington State, U.S.A. / by A.G. Fountain CO2-Rich Ground Waters of the Flat River Valley, N.W.T. / by S.M. Hamilton, F.A. Michel and C.W. Jefferson Regional Snow Ablation in the Alaskan Arctic / by L.D. Hinzman, D.L. Kane and R.E. Giec Regionalization of Low Flows in Yukon Territory / by J.R. Janowicz Discharge Regimes of a Glacierized Basin, Slims River, Yukon / by P.G. Johnson Pulses in Glacier Discharge: Indicators of the Internal Drainage System of Glaciers / by P.G. Johnson Drainage of an Ice-Dammed Lake, Kaskawulsh Glacier Basin, Yukon / by J.N. Kasper and P.G. Johnson On Areal Distribution. of Snowcover in a Mountainous Area / by A. Killingtveit and K. Sand Hydrogeochemical Aspects of Two Selected Sites in a Fringe Zone of Discontinuous Permafrost / by Y.T.J. Kwong, D. Craig and M. Griffin Ice-Cover Growth and Freeze-Out of Solutes in a Mackenzie Delta Lake / by L.F.W. Lesack, P. Marsh and R.E. Hecky Hydrological Processes in a Small Catchment Containing a Perennial Snowbank, Melville Island, N.W.T. / by A.G. Lewkowicz and K.L. Young On Modelling Surface Meltwater Discharge from Arctic and Alpine Glaciers / by D.S. Munro A High Arctic Occurrence of Seasonal Frost Mounds / by W.H. Pollard Relationships between Snow Chemistry and Blowing Snow: Initial Findings / by J.W. Pomeroy, T.D. Davies and M. Tranter Peatlands of the Lake Melville Coastal Plain, Labrador / by J.S. Price, D.A. Maloney and F.G. Downey Constraints on the Origin of Acidity in Colour Lake, Axel Heiberg Island (79°25'N) / by S. Schiff, M. English, M. Ecclestone, R. Elgood, M. Hinton and L. Pezzutto Longitudinal Dispersion in the Ice-Covered Athabasca River / by G. Van Der Vinne and D. Andres Economic Impact of River Ice Jams in Canada / by G. Van Der Vinne, T.D. Prowse and D. Andres Estimation of Mass-Balance and Run-Off Component of Urumqi Glacier No. I from Water-Balance Analysis / by Z. Yang SECTION 2: MODELLING Interactive Modelling of Cold Regions Watersheds with SSARR / by E.A. Cassell and T. Pangburn Estimates of Evaporation in the Yukon and Northwest Territories / by J. Haas A Basin Water-Storage Model to Forecast Columbia River Discharge / by W. Tangborn Preliminary Findings from Experiments on Frazil and Anchor Ice in a Circular Flume / by G. Tsang and B. Trapp On Computer Simulation of Ice Motion in Rivers / by O.G. Vinogradov, A. Springer and P. Wierzba SECTION 3: OTHER CONTRIBUTIONS Transformation of Heavy Metals under Tidal Flows in the Severnaya Dvina Estuary / by V.F. Brekhovskikh, A.N. Malutin and M.A. Mordasov Northern River: BOD-DO Model / by V.F. Brekhovskikh and G.V. Volpian Water Storage in Alpine Glaciers (Abstract) / by M.M. Brugman Snowmelt Infiltration into Frozen Soil at Sites in the Discontinuous Permafrost Zone Near Mayo, Yukon Territory / by C.R. Bum Use of Periphyton Indices as a Biological Measure of Water Quality in Small Rivers / by E.A. Goncharevich Yukon and Northwest Territories Ground-Water Data Base / by P. Hardisty, V. Schilder, T. Dabrowski and J. Wells Some Aspects of Glacier Hydrology in China / by X. Hu and Z. Yang Modelled Estimates of Changes in the Water Balance of Forested Northern River Basins / by Yu.G. Motovilov and N.A. Nazarov Study of Surface Water Quality in the Northern Region Subject to Pollution / by A.N. Shammasov Response of Riverine and Lacustrine Biocenoses to Human Impact / by N.S. Zolotareva and M.A. Mordasov APPENDIX A: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD PREFACE LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES 1. NORTHERN HYDROLOGY: AN OVERVIEW 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Definition of "North" 1.2.1. Physical North 1.2.1.1. Polar Circles 1.2.1.2. Temperature 1.2.1.3. Snow/Ice Covers 1.2.1.4. Frozen Ground 1.2.1.5. Vegetation 1.2.1.6. Run-Off Direction 1.2.1.7. Composite Definition 1.2.1.8. Guideline Definition 1.3. Natural Landscape, Climate and Hydrology 1.3.1. General Landscape 1.3.2. Hydroclimatic Characteristics 1.3 .2.1. Precipitation/Snowcover 1.3.2.2. Drainage/Run-Off 1.3.2.3. Surface Storage 1.3.2.4. Permafrost 1.3.2.5. Ground Water 1.3.2.6. Evaporation/Evapotranspiration 1.3.2.7. Freshwater Ice Cover 1.3.2.8. Data-Collection Networks 1.4. Hydrological Classifications 1.4.1. Church (1974) Classification 1.4.1.1. Arctic-Nival 1.4.1.2. Subarctic-Nival 1.4.1.3. Proglacial 1.4.1.4. Muskeg 1.4.2. Network Classification 1.5. Development and Water Use 1.5.1. Historical Resource Development 1.5.2. Present Resources 1.5.2.1. Hydro-Power 1.5.2.2. Diversions 1.5.2.3. Mining 1.5.2.4. Oil and Gas 1.6. Evolving Issues 1.6.1. Northem Pollution 1.6.2. Global Change Effects 1.6.2.1. Precipitation/Snow/Glaciers 1.6.2.2. Floating Ice 1.6.2.3. Permafrost 1.6.2.4. Other 1.6.3. Monitoring Global Change 1.7. Reflections 2. SNOW HYDROLOGY 2.1. Introduction 2.1.1. Basic Processes 2.1.1.1. Atmospheric Processes 2.1.1.2. Snowcover Formation 2.1.1.3. Snowmelt Run-Off Processes 2.1.1.4. Snowcover Chemistry 2.1.2. Geographical Variations 2.1.2.1. Snowfall 2.1.2.2. Snowcover 2.1.2.3. Nival Streamflow Regimes 2.1.3. Relationship to Other Hydrological Variables 2.2. Historical Background 2.2.1. Snowfall 2.2.2. Snowcover Properties 2.2.3. Snowmelt Run-Off 2.3. Current Research 2.3.1. Blowing Snow 2.3.2. Meltwater Infiltration 2.3.3. Water Flux Through Cold Snowcovers 2.3.4. Remote Sensing 2.3.5. Snow Chemistry 2.3.6. Snow/Ground Interface Temperature 2.3.7. Snow Radiative Properties 2.4. Future Research Needs 2.4.1. Snowfall 2.4.2. Snowcover 2.4.3. Snowmelt 2.4.4. Snowmelt Run-Off 2.4.5. Removal of Solutes from Melting Snowcovers 3. PERMAFROST HYDROLOGY 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Historical Background 3.2.1. Streamflow Studies 3.2.2. Water-Balance Studies 3.2.3. Hillslope Hydrological Studies 3.2.4. Studies of Lake and Wetland Hydrology 3.3. Recent Trends 3.4. Current Research 3 .4.1. Coupling Snowmelt, Infiltration and Soil Moisture 3.4.2. Hydrological Modelling 3.5. Future Research Needs 3.5.1. Regional Hydrology 3.5.2. Climatic Change and Permafrost Hydrology 3.5.2.1. Application of Spatial Analogues 3.5.2.2. Application of Climatic Variability Analogues 3.5.2.3. Use of Simulation Models 4. GROUND-WATER HYDROLOGY 4.1. Introduction 4.1.1. Permafrost 4.1.2. Properties of Frozen Ground and Permafrost 4.1.2.1. Ice and Water Contents 4.1.2.2. Hydraulic Conductivity 4.1.3. Effects on Water Chemistry 4.1.3.1. Low Temperatures 4.1.3.2. Permafrost 4.2. Aquifers in Permafrost Areas 4.2.1. Position Relative to Permafrost 4.2.2. Suprapermafrost Aquifers 4.2.2.1. Subtype I Aquifers 4.2.2.2. Subtype II and III Aquifers 4.2.2.3. Chemical composition of suprapermafrost water 4.2.3. Intrapermafrost Aquifers 4.2.3.1. Open Taliks 4.2.3.2. Lateral Taliks 4.2.3.3. Isolated Taliks 4.2.3.4. Chemical Composition of Intrapermafrost Water 4.2.4. Subpermafrost Aquifers 4.2.4.1. Unconsolidated Deposits 4.2.4.2. Sedimentary Bedrock 4.2.4.3. Karst 4.2.4.4. Igneous and Metamorphic Terrain 4.2.4.5. Chemical Composition of Subpermafrost Water 4.3. Ground-Water Hydrology 4.3.1. Comparison with Non-Permafrost Areas 4.3.2. Infiltration and Ground-Water Recharge 4.3.3. Lateral Movement of Ground Water 4.3.4. Discharge of Ground Water 4.3.4.1. Springs 4.3.4.2. Base Flow 4.3.4.3. Icings 4.3.4.4. Ground-Water Discharge Rates from Icing Volumes 4.3.4.5. Chemical Composition of Icings and Meltwater 4.3.5. Importance of Ground Water 4.3.5.1. Fisheries 4.3.5.2. Vegetation 4.3.5.3. Water Supply 4.3.5.4. Recreation and Space Heating 4.4. Historical Background 4.4.1. Pre-1970 Situation 4.4.2. Recent Advances 4.4.3. Agencies Involved in Recent Research 4.4.4. Incentives for Recent Research 4.5. Current Research 4.6. Future Research Needs 4.6.1. Major Unknowns 4.6.2. Subjects Requiring Research 4.6.3. Future Incentives for Ground-Water Research 4.6.4. Major Impediments 5. HYDROLOGY OF FLOATING ICE 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Ice Processes on Rivers and Lakes: an Overview 5.3. Historical Background 5.3.1. Floods and High Stages 5.3.2. Low Flow 5.3.3. Flow Duration 5.3.4. Flow Measurement 5.4. Current Research 5.4.1. Ice Jams, Break-Up and Freeze-Up 5.4.2. Low Flows 5.4.3. Flow Duration 5.4.4. Flow Measurement 5.5. Future Research Needs 5.5.1. Ice Jams, Break-Up and Freeze-Up 5.5.2. Low Flows 5.5.3. Continuous Simulation 5.5.4. Flow Measurement 5.6. New Research Approaches 5.7. Conclusion 5.8. Acknowledgements 6. GLACIER HYDROLOGY 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Glacier Hydrology: an Overview 6.2.1. Run-Off 6.2.2. Local Variability in Climatic Inputs 6.2.3. Regional Variability 6.2.4. Temporal Variability in Climatic Inputs 6.2.5. Glacier Outburst Floods 6.2.6. Distribution and Characteristics of Canadian Glaciers 6.3. Process and Regional Examples 6.3.1. Typical Run-off Components from a Glacierized Catchment 6.3.2. Western Cordilleran Example - Peyto Glacier 6.3.3.1. Basin Description 6.3.3.2. Meteorological Inputs and Snow-Line Movement 6.3.3.3. Internal Hydrology of the Glacier 6.3.3.4. Specific Yield within the Basin 6.3.3.5. The Resultant Hydrographs 6.3.3.6. Detailed Interrelationship (1970/74) 6.3.4. High-Arctic Example - White Glacier 6.4. A History of Glacier Hydrology Studies 6.4.1. Studies in the Western Cordillera 6.4.2. The Arctic lslands 6.4.3. Studies in the Yukon 6.4.4. Studies in Labrador 6.4.5. The International Hydrological Decade 6.4.6. International Hydrological Programme 6.5. The Main Achievements of Hydrology Studies in Glacierized Basins 6.5.1. Basic Description of Resources 6.5.2. Achievements in Glacier Mass Balance 6.5.3. Achievements in Glacier-Run-Off Studies 6.5.3.1. Meltwater Generation 6.5.3.2. Glacier Outburst Floods 6.5.3.3. Models of Basin Run-Off 6.5.4. Achievements in Surveying and Remote Sensing 6.6. The Future 7. WATER-QUALITY RESEARCH 7.1. Introduction 7 .2. Historical Background 7.2.1. Activities Prior to 1969 7.2.2. Overview ofN.W.T. Water-Quality Network Data 7.2.3. Mackenzie River Basin 7.2.4. Yukon River Basin 7.2.5. Limnological Research Activities near Resolute, Cornwallis Island and at Saqvaqjuac 7.3. Current Research - Long-Range Atmospheric Transport and Deposition 7.4. Future Research Needs 7.5. Acknowledgements 8. THE REGIONAL ENERGY BALANCE 8.1. Introduction 8.1.1. Basic Processes 8.1.2. Regional Variations 8.1.3. Relationship to Other Hydrological Variables 8.1.4. Importance to the Northern Environment 8.2. Historical Background 8.2.1. Subarctic 8.2.2. Arctic Tundra 8.2.3. Glacierized Basins 8.3. Current Research 8.4. Future Research Needs 9. REGIONAL HYDROLOGY 9.1. Introduction 9.2. Hydrological Regions 9.2.1. Shawinigan Engineering Studies 9.2.2 Acres Consulting Services Ltd 9 .2.2.1. Annual Yield 9.2.2.2. Low Flow 9.2.2.3. Floods 9.2.3. Joint DOE-DIAND Studies 9.2.4. 1985-86 IWD Network Evaluation in Western and Northern Region 9.2.5 The Maekenzie River Basin Flow Model 9.3. River Elements in the Northern Hydrological Cycle 9.3.1. Snowfall Components 9.3.2. Ice Proeesses and Northem Streamflow 9.3.2.1. The Freeze-Up 9.3.2.2. Midwinter Flows 9.3.2.3. Streamflow in the Annual Break-Up 9.4. Northern Streamflow Data Collection 9.5. Conclusions 10. WATER MANAGEMENT NORTH OF 60° 10.1. lntroduction 10.2. Legislative Framework 10.3. Water Boards 10.4. Licensing and Authorization 10.4.1. Lieensing 10.4.2. Authorization 10.5. Enforcement 10.6. Data Collection 10.6.1. Water Quantity 10.6.2. Water Quality 10.6.3. Preeipitation 10.7. Planning 10.7.1. Comprehensive Planning 10.7.2. Integrated Planning 10.8. Major Ma

Note: Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Physiographic map and field trip localities of the Upper Cook Inlet area, Alaska / compiled by R. D. Reger and R. G. Updike (1982) , CONTENTS Introduction General statement Organization and acknowledgments Selected references Middle Tanana River valley R&sum& of the permafrost and Quaternary geology Road log and locality descriptions Selected references Delta River area. Alaska Range R&sum& of the permafrost and Quaternary geology Road log and locality description Trans-Alaska Pipeline System Thawing problems Construction modes Conventional burial Special burial Conventional elevated and anchor support Selected references Copper River basin Rèsumè of Quaternary geology Road log and locality description Gakona section Richardson Highway Simpson Hill roadcut Copper River Bluff section Glenn Highway Selected references Overview of the Matanuska Glacier Selected references Upper Cook Inlet region and the Matanuska Valley Introduction Physiography and geology Upper Cook Inlet region Matanuska Valley Climate Vegetation. Soils Rèsumè of Quaternary geology General statement Late Pliocene-early Pleistocene glaciations and interglaciations Mt. Susitna Glaciation Mt. Susitna-Caribou Hills interglaciation Caribou Hills Glaciation Late Pleistocene glaciations and interglaciations Caribou Hills-Eklutna interglaciation Eklutna Glaciation Eklutna-Knik interglaciation Knik Glaciation Knik-Naptowne nonglacial interval Naptowne Glaciation Early Holocene Glaciations Middle to Late Holocene events Alaskan Glaciation Tustumena advances Tunnel advances Other events Road log and locality descriptions Selected references Appendix A - Radiocarbon dates related to late Quaternary events in the Upper Cook Inlet region, Alaska

Note: Bachelorarbeit, Wilfrid Laurier University, 1993 , TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Water Balance 2.3 Nutrient Inputs 2.4 Models Chapter 3 Study Site and Site Characteristics 3.1 Study Site Location 3.2 Geology 3.3 Surface Cover 3.4 Permafrost Depth 3.5 Lake Formation 3.6 Lake Characteristics 3.7 Lake Sub Basin Characteristics 3.8 Climate 3.9 Precipitation and Melt 3.10 Evaporation Chapter 4 Methods 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Physical Sampling 4.2.1 Water Level 4.2.2 Stream Discharge 4.2.3 Precipitation 4.2.4. Radiation 4.2.5 Evaporation 4.2.6 Groundwater 4.3 Chemical Sampling 4.3.1 Total Phosphorus 4.4 Biological Sampling 4.4.1 Chlorophyll a 4.5 Water Balance 4.6 Nutrient Inputs 4.7 Models 4.7.1 Predicting Total Phosphorus Concentrations 4.7.2 Chlorophyll a Chapter 5 Results 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Water Balance 5.2.1 Lake Storage 5.2.2 Stream Discharge 5.2.3 Precipitation 5.2.4 Radiation 5.2.5 Evaporation 5.2.6 Groundwater 5.3 Nutrient Inputs 5.4 Models 5.4.1 Predicting Total Phosphorus Concentrations 5.4.2 Chlorophyll a Chapter 6 Discussion 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Water Balance 6.3 Nutrient Inputs 6.4 Models Chapter 7 Further Study Appendices Appendix 1 Lake Storage Appendix 2 Discharge Data Appendix 3 Precipitation Appendix 4 Radiation Appendix 5 Evaporation Appendix 6 Nutrient Data Appendix 7 Chlorophyll a Bibliography , Englisch

Note: Masterarbeit, University of Waterloo, 1995 , TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE AUTHOR'S DECLARATION BORROWER'S PAGE ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS DEDICATION LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF PLATES CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1.2 PURPOSE 1.3 OBJECTIVES CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 THERMAL REGIME 2.3 INHERENT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 2.4 HYDROLOGICAL REGIME 2.5 INTEGRATED STUDIES 2.6 SUMMARY CHAPTER 3 STUDY SITE LOCATION 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 REGIONAL CLIMATE 3.3 GEOLOGY 3.4 VEGETATION 3.5 COLOUR LAKE BASIN CHAPTER4 INHERENT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ACTIVE LAYER 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 METHODS 4.3 RESULTS 4.4 DISCUSSION 4.4.1 SS, EIF and GC Transects 4.4.2 Permafrost Transects 4.5 SUMMARY CHAPTER 5 THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ACTIVE LAYER 5.1 lNTRODUCTION 5.2 THEORY 5.2.1 Energy Balance 5.2.2 Active Layer Development 5.3 METHODS 5.3.1 Energy Balance 5.3.2 Ground Thermal Regime 5.3.3 Predicting of Active Layer Depths 5.4 RESULTS 5.4.1 Energy Balance 5.4.2 Ground Thermal Regime 5.4.3 Predicting Active Layer Depths 5.5 DISCUSSION 5.S.1 Energy Balance 5.5.2 Ground Temperatures and Ground Heat Flux 5.5.3 Predicting Active Layer Depths 5.6 SUMMARY CHAPTER 6 HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ACTIVE LAYER 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.2 THEORY 6.2.1 Moisture Distribution 6.2.2 Maximum Storage within the Active Layer 6.3 METHODS 6.3.1 Moisture Profiles Using TDR 6.3.2 Precipitation and Evaporation 6.3.3 Changes in Water Storage in the Active Layer 6.3.4 Maximum Water Storage in the Active Layer 6.4 RESULTS 6.4.1 Moisture Distribution 6.4.1.1 Water Content Peaks 6.4.1.2 Apparent Unfrozen Water Content 6.4.1.3 Temporal Trends of a Typical Moisture Profile 6.4.1.4 Deviations from a Typical Site 6.4.1.5 Moisture Distribution Along a Hillslope 6.4.2 Precipitation Infiltration 6.4.3. Water Storage 6.5 DISCUSSION 6.5.1 Effect of Hydrology on Active Layer Development 6.5.1.1 Precipitation 6.5.1.2 Ice and Water Content 6.5.1.3 Seasonal Changes in Soil Moisture Distribution 6.5.2 Effect of Active Layer on Hydrology 6.5.2. 1 Impermeable Boundary 6.5.2.2 Subsurface Ponding 6.5.2.3 Permafrost/Active Layer Boundary Topography 6.5.2.4 Effect of Active Layer Hydrology on Surface Water 6.6 SUMMARY CHAPTER 7 CLIMATE CHANGE AND ACTIVE LAYER DEVELOPMENT 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7.2 SUMMARY 7.3 CLIMATE CHANGE 7.3.1 Introduction 7.3.2 Increase of Temperature 7.3.3 Changing Precipitation 7.4 REMOTE SENSING 7.5 RECOMMENDATION FOR FuRTHER RESEARCH APPENDIX A PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS APPENDIX A.1: ACTIVE LAYER DEPTHS APPENDIX B THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS APPENDIX B.1: BASE CAMP METEOROLOGICAL STATION OBSERVATIONS APPENDIX B.2: DAILY ENERGY-BALANCE SUMMARY APPENDIX B.3: MONTHLY AVERAGES FROM THE DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE METEOROLOGICAL STATION APPENDIX B.4: EXAMPLE OF DIURNAL FLUCTUATIONS IN TEMPERATURE AND ENERGY BALANCE COMPONENTS APPENDIX B.5: SOIL TEMPERATURES AT THE INTENSIVE STUDY SITES APPENDIX B.6: ACCUMULATED THAWING DEGREE DAYS APPENDIX B.7: CURVE FOR FENWALL THERMISTORS APPENDIX B.8: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN √ADDT AND √TT APPENDIX C HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS APPENDIX C.1: VOLUMETRIC WATER CONTENT VALUES APPENDIX C.2: POTENTIAL INFILTRATION REFERENCES , Englisch

Note: Masterarbeit, University of Waterloo, 1990 , TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract Acknowledgements List of figures List of tables List of plates preamble CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE 1.2 LOCATION AND CLIMATE 1.3 GEOLOGICAL SETTING 1.3.1 Bedrock geology 1.3.2 Glacial history 1.3.2 Surficial geology 1.4 PREVIOUS RESEARCH AND PARALLEL STUDIES 1.5 SITE INVESTIGATIONS 1.5.1 Introduction 1.5.2 Water sampling methods 1.5.3 Piezometer methods 1.5.4 Measuring hydraulic conductivity 1.S.S Surface flow monitoring 1.5.6 Seepage meters 1.5.7 Coring and porewater squeezing 1.5.8 Frost table probing 1.5.9 Geological mapping 1.5.10 Weather records 1.5.11 Depth sounding 1.6 ANALYTICAL METHODS AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS 1.6.1 Sample collection, filtration, and alkalinity 1.6.2 Analytical methods 1.6.3 Quality of chemical analyses 1.6.4 Grain-size distributions and organic matter contents in till 1.6.5 Core logging and porewater squeezing 1.6.6 SEM examination of mineral weathering CHAPTER 2: HYDROLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY synopsis 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 LOCATION AND CLIMATE 2.3 FIELD AND ANALYTICAL METHODS 2.3.1 Field methods 2.3.2 Analytical methods 2.4 SETTING 2.5 HYDROLOGY 2.5.1 Surface hydrology 2.5.2 Groundwater hydrology 2.5.2.1 Thawing of the active layer 2.5.2.2 Structure and composition of the active layer till 2.5.2.3 Groundwater flow 2.6 DISCUSSION 2.7 CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 3: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF ISOTOPE HYDROLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY abstract 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 STUDY AREA 3.3 ANALYTICAL METHODS 3.4 VEGETATION AND ACTIVE LAYER PROPERTIES 3.5 STABLE ISOTOPE DATA 3.6 WATER CHEMISTRY 3.7 SUMMARY CHAPTER 4: ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF EVAPORATION synopsis 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 STUDY AREA 4.3 FIELD AND LABORATORY METHODS 4.3.1 Materials and field methods 4.3.2 Analytkal methods 4.4 THEORY 4.4.1 Theoretical development 4.4.2 Basis of this approach 4.5 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA 4.6 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 4.7 CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 5: WATER BALANCE AND GEOCHEMICAL EVALUATIONS abstract 5.l INTRODUCTION 5.2 SETTING 5.3 ANALYTICAL METHODS 5.4 HYDROLOGY 5.5 WATER BALANCE CALCULATIONS 5.6 GEOCHEMISTRY 5.7 DISCUSSION 5.8 CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS 6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH References LIST OF APPENDICES A. Part A: Stable isotope analyses of water samples Part B: Tritium analyses Part C: Field geochemical measurements Part D: Major ion analyses of water samples B. GROUNDWATER SAMPLING FROM PIEZOMETERS C. RELIABILITY OF Eh MEASUREMENTS D. PIEZOMETER DESIGNS/INSTALLATION PROCEDURES Part A: 1988 Part B: 1989 E. HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING/DATA F. SURFACE FLOW MEASUREMENTS Part 1: Weir Part 2: Stream gauging G. SEEPAGE METER METHODS AND MEASUREMENTS H. CORING AND SQUEEZING METHODS I. CORE AND SOIL PIT DESCRIPTIONS J. LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS TO ADDRESS WATER QUALITY Part A: Duplicates, blanks, and comparative analyses Part B: Filtration experiment Part C: Dissolved organic carbon Part D: Carbon-13 K. CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC ANALYSES OF POREWATERS EXTRACTED FROM CORES L. SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF TILL M. WATER BALANCE THEORY

Note: Contents Kurzfassung Summary 1 Introduction 1.1 Water Regime of Mountain Forests in Winter 1.2 Thermodynamics of Frozen Soils 1.3 Water Flow Pathways in Frozen Soils 1.4 Water Infiltration into and Runoff from Frozen Soils 1.5 Objectives and Outline of this Study 2 Field Measurements of Water Transport in Frozen Soils 2.1 Abstract 2.2 Introduction 2.3 Materials and Methods 2.3.1 Test Site 2.3.2 Instrumentation 2.3.3 Soil Physical Properties 2.4 Results and Discussion 2.4.1 Entire Observation Period 2.4.2 Particular Snowmelt Events 2.4.3 Water Balance of Particular Snowmelt Events 2.5 Summary and Conclusions 3 Water and Solute Dynamics in Freezing Soil Columns 3.1 Abstract 3.2 Introduction 3.3 Materials and Methods 3.3.1 Experimental Setup 3.3.2 Determination of the Liquid Water Content 3.3.3 Determination of the Solute Concentration 3.3.4 Model Approach for the Freezing Characteristic Curve 3.4 Results and Discussion 3.4.l Calibration Results 3.4.2 The Freezing and Thawing Cycle 3.4.3 Freezing Characteristic Curves 3.5 Conclusions 4 Modelling Runoff Dynamics in Sloped Frozen Soils 4.1 Abstract 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Model Description 4.4 Model Application 4.5 Results and Discussion 4.5.1 Sensitivity Analysis 4.5.2 Model Calibration 4.5.3 Model Validation 4.5.4 Influence of Temporal Resolution on Model Output 4.5.5 Climate Change Scenarios 4.6 Summary and Conclusions 5 Concluding Remarks Appendices A Additional Field Measurements B Additional Cold-laboratory Measurements C Model Parameter File List of Symbols List of Figures List of Tables Bibliography Curriculum Vitae

Note: Zum Teil in kyrillischer Schrift. , Text in russischer, englischer und französischer Sprache

Note: Contents: Introduction: Roald Amundsen and the Belgica expedition. - 1 The Atlantic crossing. - 2 In South America. - 3 In the straits of Tierra del Fuego. - 4 Geographic discoveries. - 5 Trapped in the ice. - 6 Polar night. - 7 Return of the sun. - 8 Summer. - 9 Escape from the ice. - 10 Return home. - Further Reading. - Appendix. , Aus dem Niederländ. übers.

Note: Contents Foreword xi OPENING ADDRESSES Professor G.O.P. Obasi, Secretary General, World Meteorological Organization Dr M.K. Tolba, Executive Director, United Nations Environment Programme Dr F. Mayor, Director General, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Professor M.G.K. Menon, President, International Council of Scientific Unions Dr H. de Haen, Assistant Director General, Food and Agriculture Organization SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SESSIONS HIGHLIGHTS OF THE IPCC ASSESSMENT The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) / B. Bolin Scientific Assessment of Climate Change: Summary of the IPCC Working Group I Report / J.T. Houghton Greenhouse Gases and Other Climate Forcing Agents / U. Siegenthaler and E. Sanhueza Climate Change Prediction / J. F. B. Mitchell and Zeng Qingcun Climate Trends and Variability / M. Coughian and B.S. Nyenzi Climate Change Impact Studies: The IPCC Working Group II Report / Yu. Izrael Impacts on Hydrology and Water Resources / H.E. Lins, I.A. Shiklomanov and E.Z. Stakhiv Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture, A Critical Assessment / S.K. Sinha Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Human Settlements, the Energy, Transport and Industrial Sectors; Human Health and Air Quality / M. Hashimoto and S. Nishioka The Response Strategies Working Group of the IPCC / F. Bernthal The Greenhouse Marathon: Proposal for a Global Strategy / P. Vellinga and R.J. Swart Adaptation Measures / K.M. Sarma Limitation Strategies / K. Yokobori Report of the IPCC Special Committee on the Participation of Developing Countries / J. Ripert OVERVIEW OF THE WORLD CLIMATE PROGRAMME The World Climate Programme: Achievements and Challenges / J.P, Bruce Modern Data and Applications: World Climate Data Programme, World Climate Applications Programme / V.G. Boldirev Overview of the World Climate Research Programme / P. Morel World Climate Impact Studies Programme / J.C.I. Dooge CLIMATE RESEARCH Global Climate, Energy and Water Cycle / G.A. McBean Remote Sensing and Global Climate Change: Water Cycle and Energy Budget / H. Grassl World Ocean Circulation and Climate Change: Research Programmes and a Global Observing System / D.J. Baker Short Term Climate Variability and Predictions / J. Shukia Paleodata, Paleoclimates and the Greenhouse Effect / H. Oeschger Climate Prediction Based on Past and Current Analogues / M.I. Budyko Detection of the Enhanced Greenhouse Effect on Climate / T.M.L. Wigley and S.C.B. Raper CLIMATE CHANGE AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES Water Climate, Water and Development / J. Sircoulon Drought Issues for the 1990s / M.H. Glantz and W. Degefu Agriculture and Food Agriculture and Food Systems / M.S. Swaminathan The Potential Effect of Climate Changes on Agriculture / M. Parry and Zhang Jiachen Oceans, Fisheries and Coastal Zones Effects of Global Climatic Change on Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries / T. Kawasaki Sea Level Rise and Coastal Zone Management / E.M. Eid and C.H. Huisbergen Energy Beginning to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions need not be Expensive: Examples from the Energy Sector / E. Mills, D. Wilson and TB. Johansson Land Use and Urban Planning Climate and Land Use in North Africa / M. Kassas Climate and Urban Planning / R. Taesler Human Dimensions Human Well-being, Diseases and Climate / W.H. Weihe and R. Mertens Population and Global Climate Change / D. Norse Public Information and Attitudes / R. Lamb Environment and Development Climate, Environment and Ecology / W.H. Schlesinger Climate, Tropical Ecosystems and the Survivability of Species / P. Olindo Some Possible Impacts of Climate Change on African Ecosystems / C.H.D. Magadza Forests Forests: Their Role in Global Change, with Special Reference to the Brazilian Amazon / E. Salati, R.L. Victoria, L.A. Martinelli and J. E. Richey Integrated Studies Climate Change and Risk Management / K. Turner, T. ORiordan and R. Kemp Climate, Climate Change, and the Economy / N.S. Jodha and W.J. Maunder Assessing the Regional Implications of Climate Variability and Change / W.E. Riebsame and A. Magalhaes SPECIAL PRESENTATION Climate Change and the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development / M.F. Strong TASK GROUPS AND CONSULTATION GROUP REPORTS Task Group I Climate, Hydrology and Water Resources Task Group 2 Agriculture and Food Task Group 3 Oceans, Fisheries and Coastal Zones Task Group 4 Energy Task Group 5 Land Use and Urban Planning Task Group 6 Human Dimensions of Climate Change Task Group 7 Environment and Development Task Group 8 Forests Task Group 9 WCP Overview Task Group 10 The World Climate Programme: Overview and Future Task Group 11 Scientific Components of International Agreements Task Group 12 Synthesis Consultation Group on the Special Needs of Developing Countries SUMMARIES OF PANEL DISCUSSIONS Global Climate Analogues and Global Climate Models Climate and Environmentally Sustainable Economic Development Industry's Response Co-operation in International Research Programmes CONFERENCE STATEMENT MINISTERIAL SESSIONS OPENING CEREMONY Introduction by Prof. G.O.P. Obasi, Secretary General, WMO H.E. Mr. Arnold Koller, President of the Swiss Confederation His Majesty King Hussein Bin Talal, of the Royal Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan The Rt. Hon. Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland H.E. Mr. Michel Rocard, Prime Minister of France The Rt. Hon. Edward Fenech-Adami, Prime Minister of Malta The Rt. Hon. Bikenibeu Paeniu, Prime Minister of Tuvalu Statement by Dr. E. Saouma, Director General, FAO CLOSING CEREMONY Statement by Dr. F. Mayor, Director General, UNESCO MINISTERIAL DECLARATION Appendix 1 SWCC Inter-Agency Committees Appendix 2 Poster Session Papers Appendix 3 Statement by Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations Appendix 4 Participants at the Scientific/Technical Sessions Appendix 5 Countries and Organizations Represented at the Ministerial Sessions Appendix 6 Participating Non-Governmental Organizations Appendix 7 Acronyms Appendix 8 Units