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  • 1
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    NEMO-SN1 Abyssal Cabled Observatory in the Western Ionian Sea (2012)
    IEEE / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: The “NEutrino Mediterranean Observatory - Submarine Network 1” (NEMO-SN1) seafloor observatory is located in the central Mediterranean Sea, Western Ionian Sea, off Eastern Sicily (Southern Italy) at 2100 m water depth, 25 km from the harbour of the city of Catania. It is a prototype of a cabled deep-sea multiparameter observatory and the first one operating with real-time data transmission in Europe since 2005. NEMO-SN1 is also the first-established node of the “European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory” (EMSO, http://www.emso-eu.org), one of the incoming European large-scale research infrastructures included in the Roadmap of the “European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures” (ESFRI, http://cordis.europa.eu/esfri/roadmap.htm) since 2006. EMSO will specifically address long-term monitoring of environmental processes related to Marine Ecosystems, Climate Change and Geo-hazards. NEMO-SN1 has been deployed and developed over the last decade thanks to Italian funding and to the EC project “European Seas Observatory NETwork - Network of Excellence” (ESONET-NoE, 2007-2011) that funded the “Listening to the Deep Ocean - Demonstration Mission” (LIDO-DM) and a technological interoperability test (http://www.esonet-emso.org/). NEMOSN1 is performing geophysical and environmental long-term monitoring by acquiring seismological, geomagnetic, gravimetric, accelerometric, physico-oceanographic, hydroacoustic, bio-acoustic measurements. Scientific objectives include studying seismic signals, tsunami generation and warnings, its hydroacoustic precursors, and ambient noise characterisation in terms of marine mammal sounds, environmental and anthropogenic sources. NEMO-SN1 is also an important test-site for the construction of the “Kilometre-Cube Underwater Neutrino Telescope” (KM3NeT, http://www.km3net.org/), another large-scale research infrastructure included in the ESFRI Roadmap based on a large volume neutrino telescope. The description of the observatory and its most recent implementations is presented. On 9th June, 2012 NEMO-SN1 was successfully deployed and is working in real-time.
    Description: Published
    Description: 358 - 374
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: NEMO-SN1 cabled observatory ; Geo-hazards ; Bio-acoustics ; High-energy astrophysics ; EMSO ; KM3NeT ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Soil volumetric water content measurements using TDR technique (2006)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: A physical model to measure some hydrological and thermal parameters in soils will to be set up. The vertical profiles of: volumetric water content, matric potential and temperature will be monitored in different soils. The volumetric soil water content is measured by means of the Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique. The result of a test to determine experimentally the reproducibility of the volumetric water content measurements is reported together with the methodology and the results of the analysis of the TDR wave forms. The analysis is based on the calculation of the travel time of the TDR signal in the wave guide embedded in the soil.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: TDR technique ; soil moisture ; hydrology ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Geoelectrical investigation for the assessment of groundwater conditions: a case study (2006)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: An electrical resistivity survey involving Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) was carried out in the Shooro Basin in Southeast Iran in order to study groundwater conditions such as depth, thickness and aquifer boundaries. Vertical electrical soundings by Schlumberger array were conducted in this area. The resistivity Schlumberger soundings which have a maximum current electrode spacing (AB) ranging from 200 m to 600 m were carried out at 207 positions in 19 profiles. Interpretation of these soundings indicates the presence of an alluvial aquifer. This aquifer is divided into eastern and western parts by the Shooro River, which comprises a variable thickness and resistivity of deposits. The average permeability coefficient and resistivity in the western part, especially southwest is higher than the eastern part of the aquifer. Therefore, it seems that Shooro River follows a fault zone in the region. The high resistivity of west part is due to the water quality and the existence of alluvial fan with coarse grain materials. Low aquifer resistivities in the east are associated with finer materials and also brackish water infiltration from the adjacent basin mainly in the central part of the aquifer. Furthermore, zones with high yield potential have been determined in this research based on the resistivity data.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: electrical resistivity ; sounding ; roundwater condition ; Shooro ; Iran ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    GPS Zenith Total Delays and Precipitable Water in comparison with special meteorological observations in Verona (Italy)during MAP-SOP (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Continuous meteorological examination of the Pre-Alpine zones in Northern Italy (Po Valley)is important for determination of atmospheric water cycles connected with floods and rainfalls.During a special meteorological observing period (MAP-SOP),radiosounding and other measurements were made in the site of Verona (Italy). This paper deals with Zenith Total Delay (ZTD)and Precipitable Water (PW)comparisons obtained by GPS, radiosounding and other meteorological measurements.PW and ZTD from ground-based GPS data in comparisonwith classical techniques (e.g.,WVR,radiosounding)from recent literature present an accurate tool for use in meteorology applications (e.g.,assimilation in Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)models on short-range precipitation forecasts).Comparison of such ZTD for MAP-SOP showed a standard deviation of 16.1 mm and PW comparison showed a standard deviation of 2.7 mm,confirming the accuracy of GPS measurements for meteorology applications.In addition,PW data and its time variation are also matched with time series of meteorological situations.Those results indicate that changes in PW values could be connected to changes in air masses,i.e.to passages of both cold and warm fronts.There is also a correlation between precipitation, forthcoming increase and the following decrease of PW.A good agreement between oscillation of PW and precipitation and strong cyclonic activities is found.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: precipitable water ; zenith total delay ; radiosounding ; GPS ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    GEOSTAR: a GEophysical and Oceanographic STation for Abyssal Research (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The GEOSTAR is a technological and scientific project aimed at the realisation of an autonomous benthic observatory able to perform long-term, continuous and integrated geophysical and environmental measurements in deep seafloors. The observatory is conceived to be a node of existing and future geophysical monitoring networks, making possible their extension offshore. The GEOSTAR observatory prototype hosts sensors for seismic, geomagnetic, gravimetric, geochemical and oceanographic researches up to abyssal depths (4000 m). The first 1-year scientific mission is foreseen within the end of the millennium in the abyssal plain (3400 m) of the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, where key information about the geodynamics and oceanography of the whole Mediterranean basin can be acquired.
    Description: Published
    Description: 175-183
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Seafloor observatories ; Geophysics ; Water geochemistry ; Physical oceanography ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    A PTFE membrane for the in situ extraction of dissolved gases in natural waters: Theory and applications (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A new method for extracting dissolved gases in natural waters has been developed and tested, both in the laboratory and in the field. The sampling device consists of a polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE) tube (waterproof and gas permeable) sealed at one end and connected to a glass sample holder at the other end. The device is pre-evacuated and subsequently dipped in water, where the dissolved gases permeate through the PTFE tube until the pressure inside the system reaches equilibrium. A theoretical model describing the time variation in partial gas pressure inside a sampling device has been elaborated, combining the mass balance and ‘‘Solution-Diffusion Model’’ which describes the gas permeation process through a PTFE membrane). This theoretical model was used to predict the temporal evolution of the partial pressure of each gas species in the sampling device. The model was validated by numerous laboratory tests. The method was applied to the groundwater of Vulcano Island (southern Italy). The results suggest that the new sampling device could easily extract the dissolved gases from water in order to determine their chemical and isotopic composition.
    Description: - European Social Fund.
    Description: Published
    Description: Q09005
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: dissolved gases ; helium isotope ; PTFE membrane ; Vulcano Island ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    Format: 446781 bytes
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  • 7
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    GIS and remote sensing techniques integration aimed forthe evaluation of the Esino catchment impact on coastalwater quality (2010)
    SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The main aim of this work, carried out in the framework of the PRISMA2 national researchprogram (Research and Experimentation Program for the Adriatic Sea) was the definition ofan appropriate working methodology which allowed to estimate the impact of the Esinodrainage-basin (central Italy), and of the anthropic activities lying on it, on the coastalwater quality of the Adriatic sea. This aim was pursued by integrating techniques andinstruments of analyses, such as GIS and remote sensing, which are often and oftenemployed in natural resources managing and planning. They allowed to generate adatabase easily updating, relative to a very large area which is strongly differentiated in itsnatural and anthropic features. The database contains raw data, provided by local publicorganizations managing the territory, information derived from elaboration of the previousdata and remote sensed frames (acquired by the hyperspectral sensor MIVIS) purposelyacquired to the aim of the study. It was after all generated an 'open' system, continuallyupdating with environmental information before long available; moreover, were exploredthe potentialities of the MIVIS sensor (102 band, from the visible to the thermic IR) in thestudy of marine coastal water quality.
    Description: Published
    Description: Barcelona , España
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: open
    Keywords: GIS ; Remote Sensing ; Water quality ; Coastal waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.02. Hydrological processes: interaction, transport, dynamics ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 8
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    GPS sensitivity analysis applied to non-permanent deformation control networks (2008)
    Springer-Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This paper illustrates the surveys and the results obtained in an experiment whose goal is to evaluate the Global Positioning System (GPS) sensitivity and accuracy for deformation control on non-permanent network of di fferent extensions. To this aim a high-precision device was properly built to set up known displacements along three orthogonal axes of a GPS antenna. One of the antennas in the considered GPS networks was moved according to centimeter and sub-centimeter displacements; after careful GPS data pro- cessing, it was evaluated whether these simulated deformations were correctly a posteriori detected and at which probability level. This experiment was carried out both on a local (baselines ranging between 3 and 30 km)and on a regional (baselines ranging between 300 and 600 km) GPS network. The results show that in the local network it is possible to identify the displacements at a level of 10 mm in height and at a level of 5 mm in horizontal position. The analysis of the regional network showed that it is fundamental to investigate new strategies to model the troposphere; in fact, it is necessary to improve the precision of the height in order to correctly identify displacements lower than 60± 80 mm; on the contrary, horizontal displacements can be evidenced at the level of 20 mm.
    Description: Published
    Description: 158-167
    Description: 1.9. TTC - Rete GPS nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: GPS ; Sensitivity ; Accuracy ; Deformation experiment ; Non-permanent array ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Long-term continuous monitoring of the dissolved CO2 performed by using a new device in groundwater of the Mt. Etna (southern Italy) (2011)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present a new device for continuous monitoring of the concentration of CO2 dissolved in water. The device consists of a tube made of a polymeric semi-permeable membrane connected to an infrared gas analyser (IRGA) and a pump. Several laboratory experiments were performed to set the best operating condition and test the accuracy of measurements. We used the device for performing 20 months of continuous monitoring of dissolved CO2 concentration (DCC) in groundwater within a drainage gallery at Mt. Etna. The monitored groundwater intercepts the Pernicana Fault, along which degassing is observed related to volcano-tectonic activity. The acquired data were compared with continuous and discrete data obtained using existing methods. The measurements of DCC resulted in some period of the year well correlated with air temperature. We also found that long-term trends, as well as short-term variations, are probably linked to the dynamics of volcanic activity and/or perturbations in the local or regional stress fields.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3005-3011
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Dissolved CO2 ; Groundwater monitoring ; Gasewater exchange ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.06. Water resources ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    A new real time tsunami detection algorithm for bottom pressure measurements in open ocean: characterization and benchmarks (2011)
    Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 12, EGU2010-10498, 2010
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the last decades the use of the Bottom Pressure Recorder (BPR) in a deep ocean environment for tsunami de- tection has had a relevant development. A key role for an early warning system based on BPRs is played by the tsunami detection algorithms running in real time on the BPR itself or on land. We present a new algorithm for tsunami detection based on real time pressure data analysis by a filtering cascade. This procedure consists of a tide removing, spike removing, low pass filtering and linear prediction or band pass filtering; the output filtered data is then matched against a given pressure threshold. Once exceeded a parent tsunami signal is detected. The main characteristics of the algorithm is its site specific adaptability and its flexibility that greatly enhance the detection reliability. In particular it was shown that removing the predicted tide strongly reduces the dynamical range of the pressure time series, allowing the detection of small tsunami signal. The algorithm can also be ap- plied to the data acquired by a tide gauge. The algorithm is particularly designed and optimized to be used in an autonomous early warning system. A statistical method for algorithms evaluation has been developed in order to characterize the algorithms features with particular regards to false alarm probability, detection probability and detection earliness. Different configura- tions of the algorithm are tested for comparison using both synthetic and real pressure data set recorded in different environmental conditions and locations. The algorithm was installed onboard of the GEOSTAR abyssal station, deployed at 3264 m depth in the Gulf of Cadiz and successfully operated for 1 year, from August 2007 to August 2008.
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: open
    Keywords: tsunami ; real time algorithm ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Abstract
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