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  • Articles  (2,233)
  • Genetics  (2,228)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (2,231)
  • Blackwell
  • Elsevier Ltd
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  • Articles  (2,233)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-11-16
    Description: Geochemical investigations have shown that there is a considerable inflow of gas into both crater lakes of Monticchio, Southern Italy. These lakes are located in two maars that formed 140,000 years ago during Mt. Vulture volcano’s last eruptive activity. Isotopic analyses suggest that CO2 and helium are of magmatic origin; the latter displays 3He/4He isotope ratios similar to those measured in olivines of the maar ejecta. In spite of the fact that the amount of dissolved gases in the water is less than that found in Lake Nyos (Cameroon), both the results obtained and the historical reports studied indicate that these crater lakes could be highly hazardous sites, even if they are located in a region currently considered inactive. This could be of special significance in very popular tourist areas such as the Monticchio lakes, which are visited by about 30,000 people throughout the summer, for the most part on Sundays.
    Description: In press
    Description: 83-87
    Description: 3V. Proprietà chimico-fisiche dei magmi e dei prodotti vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: volcanic gases ; gas hazard ; crater lakes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Panarea, characterized by gas unrest in 2002–2003, is the volcanic island with the least constrained structure in the eastern-central Aeolian Arc (Italy). Based on structural measurements, we define here its deformation pattern relative to the Arc. The main deformations are subvertical extension fractures (63% of data), normal faults (25%) and dikes (12%). The mean orientation of the extension fractures and faults is ∼N38◦E, with a mean opening direction of N135◦ ±8◦, implying extension with a moderate component of dextral shear. These data, matched with those available for Stromboli volcano (pure opening) and Vulcano, Lipari and Salina volcanoes (predominant dextralmotions) along the eastern-central Arc, suggest a progressivewestward rotation of the extension direction and an increase in the dextral shear. The dextral shear turns into compression in the western arc. The recent unrest at Panarea, coeval to that of nearby Stromboli, may also be explained by the structural context, as both volcanoes lie along the portion of the Arc subject to extension.
    Description: Protezione Civile, project INGV-DPC-V2
    Description: Published
    Description: 288-292
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Panarea ; Aeolian Arc ; fault ; dike ; 2002-2003 unrest ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.08. Volcanic arcs ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Geochemical investigations have shown that there is a considerable inflow of gas into both crater lakes of Monticchio, Southern Italy. These lakes are located in two maars that formed 140 000 years ago during Mt. Vulture volcano s last eruptive activity. Isotopic analyses suggest that CO2 and helium are of magmatic origin; the latter displays 3He ⁄ 4He isotope ratios similar to those measured in olivines of the maar ejecta. In spite of the fact that the amount of dissolved gases in the water is less than that found in Lake Nyos (Cameroon), both the results obtained and the historical reports studied indicate that these crater lakes could be highly hazardous sites, even though they are located in a region currently considered inactive. This could be of special significance in very popular tourist areas such as the Monticchio lakes, which are visited by about 30 000 people throughout the summer, for the most part on Sundays.
    Description: Published
    Description: 83-87
    Description: 2.4. TTC - Laboratori di geochimica dei fluidi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: volcanic gases ; gas hazard ; crater lakes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present a systematic study on the influence of pressure (0.1–600 MPa), temperature (750– 1200 ◦C), carbon dioxide fugacity (logfCO2 = −4.41 to 3.60) and time (2–12 hr) on the chemical and physical properties of carbonate rock. Our experiments aim to reproduce the conditions at the periphery of magma chamber where carbonate host rock is influenced by, but not readily assimilated by, magma. This permits the investigation of the natural conditions at which circulating fluids/gases promote infiltration reactions typical of metasomatic skarns that can involve large volumes of subvolcanic carbonate basements. Results show that, providing that carbon dioxide is retained in the pore space, decarbonation does not proceed at any magmatic pressure and temperature. However, when the carbon dioxide is free to escape, decarbonation can occur rapidly and is not hindered by a low initial porosity or permeability. Together with carbon dioxide and lime, portlandite, a mineral commonly found in voluminous metasomatic skarns, readily forms during carbonate decomposition. Post-experimental analyses highlight that thermal microcracking, a result of the highly anisotropic thermal expansion of calcite, exerts a greater influence on rock physical properties (porosity, ultrasonic wave velocities and elastic moduli) than decarbonation. Our data suggest that this will be especially true at the margins of dykes or magma bodies, where temperatures can reach up to 1200 ◦C. However, rock compressive strength is significantly reduced by both thermal cracking and decarbonation, explained by the relative weakness of lime + portlandite compared to calcite, and an increase in grain size with increasing temperature. Metasomatic skarns, whose petrogenetic reactions may involve a few tens of cubic kilometres, could therefore represent an important source of volcanic instability.
    Description: Published
    Description: 369-380
    Description: 2R. Laboratori sperimentali e analitici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Volcanic hazards and risks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present the results of palaeomagnetic analysis on Late Bronge Age pottery from Santorini carried out in order to estimate the thermal effect of the Minoan eruption on the pre-Minoan habitation level. A total of 170 specimens from 108 ceramic fragments have been studied. The ceramics were collected from the surface of the pre-Minoan palaeosol at six different sites, including also samples from the Akrotiri archaeological site. The deposition temperatures of the first pyroclastic products have been estimated by the maximum overlap of the re-heating temperature intervals given by the individual fragments at site level. A new statistical elaboration of the temperature data has also been proposed, calculating at 95 per cent of probability the re-heating temperatures at each site. The obtained results show that the precursor tephra layer and the first pumice fall of the eruption were hot enough to re-heat the underlying ceramics at temperatures 160–230 ◦C in the non-inhabited sites while the temperatures recorded inside the Akrotiri village are slightly lower, varying from 130 to 200 ◦C. The decrease of the temperatures registered in the human settlements suggests that there was some interaction between the buildings and the pumice fallout deposits while probably the buildings debris layer caused by the preceding and syn-eruption earthquakes has also contributed to the decrease of the recorded re-heating temperatures.
    Description: Published
    Description: 33-47
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Archaeomagnetism ; Rock and mineral magnetism ; Volcaniclastic deposits ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.07. Rock magnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 27 (1990), S. 168-172 
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Motility ; Genetics ; Sex chromosome ratio ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In this study, we address the relationship between motility and genetic content of mouse sperm. The chromosome complements of highly motile mouse sperm, selected using the swim-up technique, were analyzed after in vitro fertilization, at the first cleavage state. They were compared to those of unselected sperm. Identification of male and female chromosome sets was possible because of their differential condensation at the first mitotic division. In vitro fertilization, swim-up separation, chromosome preparation, and staining were carried out using standard techniques. The results indicate that highly motile mouse sperm did not differ in types and frequencies of chromosomal abnormalities from those not selected for motility. Moreover, separation of motile sperm does not deviate the sex ratio from the theoretical 1:1.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 16 (1995), S. 186-196 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Genetics ; Two-dimensional electrophoresis ; Denaturing gradient electrophoresis ; Cystic fibrosis ; Mutation ; Breast cancer ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A major effort in the analysis of DNA currently focuses on identifying genes and their pathological variants underlying disease. Once such disease genes have been isolated a major task of molecular medicine is to identify the spectrum of DNA sequence variations responsible for the aberrant function of such genes. These efforts, however, are hindered by the vast amount of genetic information to scan for variations and the limited capacity of analytical techniques in terms of accuracy and speed. Recently, a number of techniques were developed, so-called “genome scanning” techniques, which allow complete genomes to be analyzed for sequence variation in parallel, i.e., at multiple sites or loci simultaneously rather than serially at predefined loci. Here we present the background and applications of a particular electrophoretic parallel processing approach, generically termed two-dimensional DNA typing. The approach is based on separating DNA fragments by two-dimensional electrophoresis [1], including denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, thus allowing hundreds of fragments to be simultaneously assessed by comparative analysis for variations in size and sequence. The method is suitable for hybridization analysis with locus-specific and multilocus probes of genomic DNA restriction fragments derived from human and other DNA, and for analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragments derived from large genes. Two-dimensional DNA typing has been applied, e.g., in linkage analysis of pedigrees, analysis of tumor genomes for rearrangements, and to scan the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene for sequence variations such as point mutations.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 47-60 
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: developmental mutants of Physarum ; apogamic mutants ; the amoebal-plasmodial transition ; myxomycete genetics ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In the heterothallic myxomycete Physarum polycephalum, uninucleate amoebae normally differentiate into syncytial plasmodia following heterotypic mating. In order to study the genetic control of this developmental process, mutations affecting the amoebal-plasmodial transition have been sought. Numerous mutants characterized by self-fertility have been isolated. The use of alkylating mutagens increases the mutant frequency over the spontaneous level but does not alter the mutant spectrum. Three spontaneous and 14 induced mutants have been analyzed genetically. In each, the mutation appears to be linked to the mating type locus. In three randomly selected mutants, the nuclear DNA content is the same in amoebae and plasmodia, indicating that amoebal syngamy does not precede plasmodium development in these strains. These results indicate that a highly specific type of mutational event, occurring close to or within the mating type locus, can abolish the requirement for syngamy normally associated with plasmodial differentiation. These mutations help define a genomic region regulating the switch from amoebal to plasmodial growth.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 1 (1979), S. 77-95 
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; pupae ; heat shock ; protein synthesis ; phenocopies ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pupae of Drosophila melanogaster were heat-shocked under conditions required to induce phenocopies in more than 90% of the flies that subsequently emerge. The effects of these treatments on protein synthesis in two tissues (thoracic epithelium and brain) were followed for several hours after the heat treatments. Results from pulse-labeling and protein separations on sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) acrylamide gels showed a virtually complete cessation of protein synthesis immediately after the shock, followed by a noncoordinate resumption of the starting pattern. Similar experiments following double heat shocks demonstrated a more rapid resumption of synthesis of heat shock proteins after two successive heat treatments than after a single one.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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