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  • 1
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    Elementos básicos de Análisis Inteligente de Datos (2024)
    Editorial Grupo AEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: This book deals with elementary concepts along with short R Project based code scripts to do intelligent data analysis. The relationship between theory and practice is fundamental in the understanding of a discipline, so the application of specific procedures and functions in elementary tasks is the purpose of this text. The central idea of the text has its origin in the subject called "Intelligent Data Analysis", a subject in which the professor provides fundamental elements based on concepts and practical exercises using R Project. Nowadays, the availability of data mining tools is undoubtedly very large. Users with basic knowledge can take advantage of intuitive utilities implemented in powerful development environments. We wanted to focus the text towards a more programming and software related audience. Specifically, it is intended as a basic guide for students entering the field of data intelligence.
    Description: Published
    Description: Este libro trata sobre conceptos elementales junto con scripts cortos de código basado en R Project para hacer análisis inteligente de datos. La relación entre la teoría y la práctica es fundamental en la comprensión de una disciplina, así la aplicación de procedimientos y funciones específicas en tareas elementales es el propósito de este texto. La idea central del texto tiene origen en la asignatura denominada “Análisis Inteligente de Datos”, una cátedra en la que el profesor aporta con elementos fundamentales basados en conceptos y ejercicios prácticos usando R Project. Hoy en día, la disponibilidad de herramientas para la minería de datos es sin duda muy grande. Usuarios con conocimientos básicos pueden aprovechar de utilitarios intuitivos implementados en poderosos entornos de desarrollo. Nosotros hemos querido dar un enfoque al texto hacia una audiencia con mayor relación a la programación y software. Específicamente que constituya una guía básica para estudiantes que inician en el campo de la Inteligencia de datos.
    Keywords: Inteligencia ; Datos ; R project ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology
    Language: Spanish
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  • 2
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    Procesos de producción de tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) con aplicación informática (2024)
    Editorial Grupo AEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: The manuscript focuses on the development of a software to optimize tilapia production, addressing aspects such as growth, cost and profitability. Using advanced technological tools, the aim is to facilitate data management for fish farmers, enabling more efficient, economical and accurate processes. Key factors include weight, temperature, absolute growth, thermal growth of fish, and monthly projections of costs, production and profitability. The software, developed in Java and using the Eclipse platform, seeks to balance agility and accuracy in data processing. The work is based on a literature review and interviews with fish farmers. A principal component analysis and Pearson correlation approach is used to associate relevant variables. The application is evaluated using historical data and pilot tests, adjusting functionalities to ensure reliable results. The importance of user-friendly interfaces for non-technological users is emphasized and expansion to mobile applications and adaptation to other species of zootechnical interest is proposed.
    Description: Published
    Description: El manuscrito se centra en el desarrollo de un software para optimizar la producción de tilapias, abordando aspectos como el crecimiento, costo y rentabilidad. Utilizando herramientas tecnológicas avanzadas, se pretende facilitar la gestión de datos para los piscicultores, permitiendo procesos más eficientes, económicos y precisos. Los factores clave incluyen el peso, la temperatura, el crecimiento absoluto, el crecimiento térmico de los peces, y proyecciones mensuales de costos, producción y rentabilidad. El software, desarrollado en Java y utilizando la plataforma Eclipse, busca equilibrar agilidad y precisión en el tratamiento de datos. El trabajo se apoya en la revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas con piscicultores. Se emplea un enfoque de análisis de componentes principales y correlación de Pearson para asociar variables relevantes. Se evalúa la aplicación mediante datos históricos y pruebas piloto, ajustando funcionalidades para garantizar resultados fiables. Se destaca la importancia de interfaces amigables para usuarios no expertos en tecnología y se propone la expansión a aplicaciones móviles y la adaptación a otras especies de interés zootécnico.
    Keywords: Aplicación informática ; Tilapias ; Crecimiento ; Factores de crecimiento ; Costos y rentabilidad ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
    Language: Spanish
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  • 3
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    Entre la Criminología y la Política Criminal: Caminos para una Justicia Renovada (2024)
    Editorial Grupo AEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: The text addresses the relationship between criminology and criminal policy, highlighting its importance in understanding the criminal phenomenon and state management of crime. Key elements are explored, including the evaluative objectives of criminal policy, the relationship between state and social violence, flexibility in the choice of objectives, and operation in diverse contexts. The crucial involvement of the legislature and the need to adapt to temporality are highlighted. The text argues for new criminal policies backed by sound legal instruments and effective public administration to shape a more accurate justice system in contemporary society.
    Description: Published
    Description: El texto aborda la relación entre criminología y política criminal, destacando su importancia en la comprensión del fenómeno criminal y la gestión estatal contra la delincuencia. Se exploran elementos clave, incluyendo los objetivos valorativos de la política criminal, la relación entre violencia estatal y social, la flexibilidad en la elección de objetivos, y la operación en diversos contextos. Se destaca la crucial participación del poder legislativo y la necesidad de adaptarse a la temporalidad. El texto aboga por nuevas políticas criminales respaldadas por instrumentos legales sólidos y una administración pública eficaz para moldear un sistema de justicia más preciso en la sociedad contemporánea.
    Keywords: Criminología ; Política criminal ; Violencia estatal ; Objetivos valorativos ; Adaptación temporal ; thema EDItEUR::L Law
    Language: Spanish
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  • 4
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    Utilization of Crowdsourced Felt Reports to Distinguish High-Impact from Low-Impact Earthquakes Globally within Minutes of an Event (2023)
    In:  The Seismic Record
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: Rapid assessment of an earthquake’s impact on the affected society is a crucial step in the early phase of disaster management, navigating the need for further emergency response measures. We demonstrate that felt reports collected via the LastQuake service of the European Mediterranean Seismological Center can be utilized to rapidly estimate the probability of a felt earthquake being high impact rather than low impact on a global scale. Our data-driven, transparent, and reproducible method utilizing Bayes’ theorem and kernel density estimation provides results within 10 min for 393 felt events in 2021. Although a separation of high- and low-impact events remains challenging, the cor- rect and unambiguous assessment of a large portion of low-impact events is a key strength of our approach. We consider our method as an inexpensive addition to the pool of earthquake impact assessment tools, one that is fully independent of seismic data and can be utilized in many populated areas on the planet. Although practical deployment of our method remains an open task, we demonstrate the potential to improve disaster management in regions that currently lack expensive seismic instrumentation.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    ICBM—Integrated Combined Baseline Modification: An Algorithm for Segmented Baseline Estimation (2020)
    In:  Seismological Research Letters
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: Accelerograms are the primary source for characterizing strong ground motion. It is therefore of paramount interest to have high‐quality recordings free from any nonphysical contamination. Frequently, accelerograms are affected by baseline jumps and drifts, either related to the instrument and/or a major earthquake. In this work, I propose a correction method for these undesired baseline drifts based on segmented linear least squares. The algorithm operates on the integrated waveforms and combines all three instrument components to estimate a model that modifies the baseline to be at zero continuously. The procedure consists of two steps: first a suite of models with variable numbers of discontinuities is derived for all three instrument components. During this process, the number of discontinuities is reduced in a parsimonious way, for example, two very close discontinuities are merged into a single one. In the second step, the optimal model is selected on the basis of the Bayesian information criterion. I exemplify the application on synthetic waveforms with known discontinuities and on observed waveforms from a unified strong‐motion database of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED, Japan) networks for the major events of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes. After the baseline jump correction, the waveforms are furthermore corrected for displacement according to Wang et al. (2011). The resulting displacements are comparable to the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar‐derived displacement estimates for the Kumamoto earthquake sequence.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    Within- and Between-Event Variabilities of Strong-Velocity Pulses of Moderate Earthquakes within Dense Seismic Arrays (2022)
    In:  Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: Ground motion with strong‐velocity pulses can cause significant damage to buildings and structures at certain periods; hence, knowing the period and velocity amplitude of such pulses is critical for earthquake structural engineering. However, the physical factors relating the scaling of pulse periods with magnitude are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate moderate but damaging earthquakes (⁠Mw 6–7) and characterize ground‐motion pulses using the method of Shahi and Baker (2014) while considering the potential static‐offset effects. We confirm that the within‐event variability of the pulses is large. The identified pulses in this study are mostly from strike‐slip‐like earthquakes. We further perform simulations using the frequency–wavenumber algorithm to investigate the causes of the variability of the pulse periods within and between events for moderate strike‐slip earthquakes. We test the effect of fault dips, and the impact of the asperity locations and sizes. The simulations reveal that the asperity properties have a high impact on the pulse periods and amplitudes at nearby stations. Our results emphasize the importance of asperity characteristics, in addition to earthquake magnitudes for the occurrence and properties of pulses produced by the forward directivity effect. We finally quantify and discuss within‐ and between‐event variabilities of pulse properties at short distances.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    A Link between Machine Learning and Optimization in Ground-Motion Model Development: Weighted Mixed-Effects Regression with Data-Driven Probabilistic Earthquake Classification (2020)
    In:  Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: The steady increase of ground-motion data not only allows new possibilities but also comes with new challenges in the development of ground-motion models (GMMs). Data classification techniques (e.g., cluster analysis) do not only produce deterministic classifications but also probabilistic classifications (e.g., probabilities for each datum to belong to a given class or cluster). One challenge is the integration of such continuous classification in regressions for GMM development such as the widely used mixed-effects model. We address this issue by introducing an extension of the mixed-effects model to incorporate data weighting. The parameter estimation of the mixed-effects model, that is, fixed-effects coefficients of the GMMs and the random-effects variances, are based on the weighted likelihood function, which also provides analytic uncertainty estimates. The data weighting permits for earthquake classification beyond the classical, expert-driven, binary classification based, for example, on event depth, distance to trench, style of faulting, and fault dip angle. We apply Angular Classification with Expectation–maximization, an algorithm to identify clusters of nodal planes from focal mechanisms to differentiate between, for example, interface- and intraslab-type events. Classification is continuous, that is, no event belongs completely to one class, which is taken into account in the ground-motionmodeling. The theoretical framework described in this article allows for a fully automatic calibration of ground-motionmodels using large databases with automated classification and processing of earthquake and ground-motion data. As an example, we developed a GMM on the basis of the GMM by Montalva et al. (2017) with data from the strong-motion flat file of Bastías and Montalva (2016) with ∼2400 records from 319 events in the Chilean subduction zone. Our GMMwith the data-driven classification is comparable to the expert-classification-based model. Furthermore, the model shows temporal variations of the between-event residuals before and after large earthquakes in the region.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    REHEATFUNQ (REgional HEAT-Flow Uncertainty and aNomaly Quantification) 2.0.1: a model for regional aggregate heat flow distributions and anomaly quantification (2024)
    In:  Geoscientific Model Development
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: Surface heat flow is a geophysical variable that is affected by a complex combination of various heat generation and transport processes. The processes act on different lengths scales, from tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers. In general, it is not possible to resolve all processes due to a lack of data or modeling resources, and hence the heat flow data within a region is subject to residual fluctuations. We introduce the REgional HEAT-Flow Uncertainty and aNomaly Quantification (REHEATFUNQ) model, version 2.0.1. At its core, REHEATFUNQ uses a stochastic model for heat flow within a region, considering the aggregate heat flow to be generated by a gamma-distributed random variable. Based on this assumption, REHEATFUNQ uses Bayesian inference to (i) quantify the regional aggregate heat flow distribution (RAHFD) and (ii) estimate the strength of a given heat flow anomaly, for instance as generated by a tectonically active fault. The inference uses a prior distribution conjugate to the gamma distribution for the RAHFDs, and we compute parameters for a uninformed prior distribution from the global heat flow database by Lucazeau (2019). Through the Bayesian inference, our model is the first of its kind to consistently account for the variability in regional heat flow in the inference of spatial signals in heat flow data. Interpretation of these spatial signals and in particular their interpretation in terms of fault characteristics (particularly fault strength) form a long-standing debate within the geophysical community. We describe the components of REHEATFUNQ and perform a series of goodness-of-fit tests and synthetic resilience analyses of the model. While our analysis reveals to some degree a misfit of our idealized empirical model with real-world heat flow, it simultaneously confirms the robustness of REHEATFUNQ to these model simplifications. We conclude with an application of REHEATFUNQ to the San Andreas fault in California. Our analysis finds heat flow data in the Mojave section to be sufficient for an analysis and concludes that stochastic variability can allow for a surprisingly large fault-generated heat flow anomaly to be compatible with the data. This indicates that heat flow alone may not be a suitable quantity to address fault strength of the San Andreas fault.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
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    Plume-influenced mid-ocean ridges -Insights into the geodynamics from the Foundation segment on the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge (2024)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Prädationsdruck auf die epibenthische Fauna eines eulitoralen Seegrashabitats im Wattenmeer (2004)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: Predation pressure was examined for the epibenthic fauna of a intertidal seagrass bed of the Sylt-Rømø bight. Starting from the question for the dominant epibenthic prey and the intensity of predation pressure in seagrass habitats, we investigated a seegrasbed in the Sylt- Rømø bight. in sommer 2003. A predator enclosure experiment has been carried out in artificial tide pools of similar size, and a bait experiment were carried out in the surrounding seagrass bed. The most frequent epibenthic organisms within the intertidal seagrass beds consist of four dominant species: The brown shirmp (Crangon crangon, Linnaeus), the sand goby (Pomatoschitus microps, Krøyer), the isopode (Idotea balthica, Pallas) and the shore crab (Carcinus maenas, Linnaeus.). C. crangon showed an average annual abundance during high water of approximately 80 animals per m-2 (P.POL TE pers. Com.). Pomatoschistus microps and Carcinus maenas showed an average annual abundance of 7 animals m 2 and of 195 animals m-2. An abundance of 26 individuals m-2 was found for I. balthica (P.POLTE pers. Com.). As shown for the seagrass bed, C.crangon, P.microps and C.maenas were also the dominant forms in the tide pools. I. balthica could be found with 26 individuals m-2. The abundance of C. crangon were measured with an Annual average of 157 animals m-2 and therefore showed different results for the seagrassbeds. P. microps and C. maenas showed an average annual abundance of 15 animals m-2 and of 22 animals m-2 respectively. Mobile fauna migrates with the ebb tide into deeper waters (e.g. Pomatoschistus microps.) The substantially lower results of C. maenas within tide pools compared to adjacent seagrass beds can be partly explained by sampling time. In the seagrasbed sampling started earlier in the year (of May), and included the larval and juvenile stages of C. maenas. This led to a substantially higher abundance. Low abundance of I. balthica can be explained by its requirement for a structured habitat. I. balthica needs branched algal structures as a firm substrat. Such structures were hardly available in the tide pools...
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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