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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism  (41)
  • 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases  (24)
  • Elsevier  (65)
  • 2010-2014  (19)
  • 2005-2009  (46)
  • 1980-1984
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Keywords
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  • 2010-2014  (19)
  • 2005-2009  (46)
  • 1980-1984
  • 2015-2019  (1)
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  • 1
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    Fluid geochemistry and geothermometry in the western sector of the Sabatini Volcanic District and the Tolfa Mountains (Central Italy) (2011)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-09
    Description: A geochemical survey of 197 fluid discharges (cold and thermal waters and bubbling pools) and 15 gas emissions from the western sector of the Sabatini Volcanic District and the Tolfa Mountains (Latium, Central Italy) was carried out in 2007–2008. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid discharges indicate the occurrence of two main sources: 1) relatively shallow aquifers with Ca(Na,K)–HCO3 and Ca(Mg)–HCO3 compositions when trapped in volcanic and sedimentary formations, respectively; and 2) a deep reservoir, which is hosted in the Mesozoic carbonate sequence, rich in CO2 and having a Ca–SO4(HCO3) composition. Dissolution of a CO2-rich gas phase into the shallow aquifers produces high-TDS and high-pCO2 cold waters, while oxidation of deep-derived H2S to SO4 2− generates low-pH (b4) sulfate waters. The δ13C–CO2 values for gas emissions (from−2.8 to+2.7‰vs. VPDB) suggest that the origin of CO2 associated with the deep fluids ismainly related to thermo-metamorphic reactions within the carbonate reservoir, although significant mantle contribution may also occur. However, R/Ra values (0.37–0.62) indicate that He is mainly produced by a crustal source, with a minor component from a crust-contaminated mantle. On the basis of the δ13C–CH4 and δD–CH4 values (from −25.7 to −19.5‰ vs. VPDB and from −152 to −93.4‰ vs. VSMOW, respectively) CH4 production is associated with thermogenic processes, possibly related to abiogenic CO2 reduction within the carbonate reservoir. The δ34S–H2S values (from+9.3 to +10.4‰ vs. VCDT) are consistent with the hypothesis of a sedimentary source of sulfur from thermogenic reduction of Triassic sulfates. Geothermometric evaluations based on chemical equilibria CO2–CH4 and, separately, H2S suggest that the reservoir equilibriumtemperature is up to ~300 °C. The δDand δ18O data indicate thatwater recharging both the shallow and deep aquifers has a meteoric origin. Fluid geochemistry, coupled with gravimetric data and tectonic lineaments, supports the idea that significant contributions from a deep-seated geothermal brine are present in the Stigliano thermal fluid discharges. Exploration surveys investigated this area during 70's–90's for geothermal purposes. Nevertheless, presently the area is still under-exploited. The presence of thermal waters and anomalous heat flow together with the demographic growth of the last years,makes this site a suitable location for direct applications of the geothermal resource.
    Description: Published
    Description: 160-181
    Description: 2.4. TTC - Laboratori di geochimica dei fluidi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Geochemistry Water Gas Stable isotope Geothermometry Central Italy ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 2
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    Integrated stratigraphy from the Vallcebre Basin (southeastern Pyrenees, Spain): new insights on the continental Cretaceous-Tertiary transition in southwest Europe (2007)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-08
    Description: An integrated sedimentological, magnetostratigraphic, and paleontological study of the Vallcebre section (south eastern Pyrenees, Spain) is carried out in order to define and portray the transition from the Cretaceous to the Tertiary in a continental setting. A robust magnetostratigraphy is correlated to the standard polarity scale in light of known biochronological constraints (charophyte, marine invertebrates, eggshells and other dinosaur remains). Our results show that this section is among the thickest stratigraphic records for the continental Maastrichtian in the Old World. Sedimentology indicates a progressive regression from marine through lagoonal to entirely continental environments. The section is dominated by mudstones deposited under low energy conditions. Exceptionally, a basin-wide regression maximum is recorded some time before the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary (K/T). This regression maximum is marked by the input of coarse-grained (alluvial) sediments that record a dramatic change in the landscape (quiet mud plains changed to sandy floodplains deposited by high-energy currents). After a period of renewed quiescence following the regression maximum, a Cenozoic flooding took place. Such terminal Cretaceous sequence of events has been recorded in shorter sections in several other basins from southwestern Europe. This energetic sediment input suggests that some time before the K/T event, a sudden paleoenvironmental reorganization took place in the continental basins of south western Europe.
    Description: Published
    Description: 35-47
    Description: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: K/T boundary ; magnetostratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 3
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    Neogene–Quaternary evolution of the central Apennine orogenic system (Italy): a structural and palaeomagnetic approach in the Molise region (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: We report on new palaeomagnetic and magnetic fabric analyses of mainly Upper Miocene sedimentary sequences from the external central Apennine fold and thrust belt (Molise area), where the principal compressive structures are clearly non-coaxial. The sampling was carried out on the E–W-oriented Matese–Frosolone thrust sheet, that for its geographical position and structural setting (superposition of thrusting, strike-slip and extensional tectonics since Late Miocene to present-day) represents a key structure for the comprehension of the Neogene–Quaternary evolution of the entire Molise area. Palaeomagnetic results suggest that the Matese–Frosolone thrust sheet counterclockwise rotated at least 35° after Messinian times. These data confirm that the present-day trend variability observed in the main compressional structures in the Apennine chain can be related to rotations about vertical axes rather than to changes in the stress field orientation, at least since Late Miocene times. Magnetic fabric analyses indicate that the studied sediments were subjected to very mild deformation, suggesting that the surface emergence of the thrust front of the Matese–Frosolone unit is located farther north, far from the studied area. Well-defined magnetic lineations of tectonic origin were only observed in sites close to localised belts of strike-slip deformation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 143-157
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Apennines ; palaeomagnetism ; anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility ; structural geology ; Neogene ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 4
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    Volcanogenic fluorine in rainwater around active degassing volcanoes: Mt. Etna and Stromboli Island, Italy (2005)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-24
    Description: Many studies have assessed the strong influence of volcanic activity on the surrounding environment. This is particularly true for strong gas emitters such as Mt. Etna and Stromboli volcanoes. Among volcanic gases, fluorine compounds are potentially very harmful. Fluorine cycling through rainwater in the above volcanic areas was studied analysing more than 400 monthly bulk samples. Data indicate that only approximately 1% of fluorine emission through the plume is deposited on the two volcanic areas by meteoric precipitations. Although measured bulk rainwater fluorine fluxes are comparable to and sometimes higher than in heavily polluted areas, their influence on the surrounding vegetation is limited. Only annual crops, in fact, show some damage that could be an effect of fluorine deposition, indicating that long-living endemic plant species or varieties have developed some kind of resistance.
    Description: Published
    Description: 175–185
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Fluorine ; Rainwater chemistry ; Volcanic activity ; Mt. Etna ; Stromboli Island ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.01. Air/water/earth interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Did geologic emissions of methane play any role in Quaternary climate change? (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-16
    Description: The “methane-led hypotheses” assume that gas hydrates and marine seeps are the sole geologic factors controlling Quaternary atmospheric and climate changes. Nevertheless, a wider class of geologic sources of methane exist which could have played a role in past climate changes. Beyond offshore seepage, relevant geologic emissions of methane (GEM) are from onshore seepage, including mud volcanism, microseepage and geothermal flux; altogether GEM are the second most important natural source of atmospheric methane at present. The amount of methane entering the atmosphere from onshore GEM seems to prevail on that from offshore seepage. Onshore sources inject a predominantly isotopically heavy (13C-enriched) methane into the atmosphere. They are controlled mainly by endogenic (geodynamic) processes, which induce large-scale gas flow variations over geologic and millennial time scales, and only partially by exogenic (surface) conditions, so that they are not affected by negative feedbacks. The eventual influence on atmospheric methane concentration does not necessarily require catastrophic or abrupt releases, as proposed for the “clathrate gun hypothesis”. Enhanced degassing from these sources could have contributed to the methane trends observed in the ice core records, and could explain the late Quaternary peaks of increased methane concentrations accompanied by the enrichment of isotopically heavy methane, as recently observed. This hypothesis shall be tested by means of robust multidisciplinary studies, mainly based on a series of atmospheric, biologic and geologic proxies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 79-88
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: climate change ; methane ; greenhouse gas emissions ; Quaternary ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases
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  • 6
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    Genesis and evolution of a curved mountain front: paleomagnetic and geological evidence from the Gran Sasso range (central Apennines, Italy) (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-08
    Description: The Gran Sasso range is a striking salient formed by two roughly rectilinear E–W and N–S limbs. In the past ∼90° counterclockwise (CCW) rotations from the eastern Gran Sasso were reported [Tectonophysics 215 (1992) 335], suggesting west–east increase of rotation-related northward shortening along the E–W limb. In this paper, we report on paleomagnetic data from Meso-Cenozoic sedimentary dykes and strata cropping out at Corno Grande (central part of the E–W Gran Sasso limb), the highest summit of the Apennine belt. Predominant northwestward paleomagnetic declinations (in the normal polarity state) from both sedimentary dykes and strata are observed. When compared to the expected declination values for the Adriatic foreland, our data document no thrusting-related rotation at Corno Grande. The overall paleomagnetic data set coupled with the available geological information shows that the Gran Sasso arc is in fact a composite structure, formed by an unrotated-low shortening western (E–W trending) limb and a strongly CCW rotated eastern salient. Late Messinian and post-early Pliocene shortening episodes documented along the Gran Sasso front indicate that belt building and arc formation occurred during two distinct episodes. We suggest that the southern part of a late Messinian N–S front was reactivated during early–middle Pliocene time, forming a tight range salient due to CCW rotations and differential along-front shortening rates. The formation of a northward displacing bulge in an overall NW–SE chain is likely a consequence of the collision between the Latium-Abruzzi and Apulian carbonate platforms during northeastward propagation of the Apennine wedge, inducing lateral northward extrusion of Latium-Abruzzi carbonates towards ductile basinal sediment areas.
    Description: Published
    Description: 183-197
    Description: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Gran Sasso range ; Mountain front ; Central Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Integrated stratigraphic reconstruction for the last 80 kyr in a deep sector of the Sardinia Channel (Western Mediterranean) (2009)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: A quantitative analysis of planktonic foraminifera, coupled with petrophysical and paleomagnetic measurements and 14C AMS calibrations, was carried out on a deep core recovered in the Sardinia Channel (Western Mediterranean Sea), during the CIESM Sub2 survey, providing an integrated stratigraphic time-framework over the last 80 kyr. Significant changes in the quantitative distribution of planktonic foraminifera allowed the identification of several eco-bioevents useful to accurately mark the boundaries of the eco-biozones widely recognised in the Western Mediterranean records and used for large scale correlations. Namely, 10 eco-biozones were identified based on the relative abundance of selected climate sensitive planktonic foraminiferal species. Sixteen codified eco-bioevents were correlated with the Alboran Sea planktonic foraminiferal data and four climatic global events (Sapropel S1, Younger Dryas, Greenland Isotope Interstadial 1, Greenland Isotope Stadial 2, Heinrich event H1-H6) were recognized. The eco-bioevents together with the 14C AMS calibrations allowed us to define an accurate age model, spanning between 2 and 83 kyr. The reliability of the age model was confirmed by comparing the colour reflectance (550 nm%) data of the studied record with the astronomically tuned record from the Ionian sea (ODP-Site 964). A mean sedimentation rate of about 7 cm/kyr included three turbidite event beds that were chronologically constrained within the relative low stand and lowering sea level phases of the MIS 4 and 3. The deep-sea sedimentary record includes a distinct tephra occurring at the base of the core which dates 78 ka cal. BP. The paleomagnetic data provide a well-defined record of the characteristic remanent magnetization that may be used to reconstruct the geomagnetic paleosecular variation for the Mediterranean back to 83 kyr.
    Description: Published
    Description: 725 - 737
    Description: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Integrated stratigraphy ; Late Neogene marine record ; Eco-bio-events ; Reflectance 550 nm % ; Sardinia Channel ; Western Mediterranean ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
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  • 8
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    Magma-derived gas influx and water-rock interactions in the volcanic aquifer of Mt. Vesuvius, Italy (2005)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: We report in this paper a systematic investigation of the chemical and isotopic composition of groundwaters flowing in the volcanic aquifer of Mt. Vesuvius during its current phase of dormancy, including the first data on dissolved helium isotope composition and tritium content. The relevant results on dissolved He and C presented in this paper reveal that an extensive interaction between rising magmatic volatiles and groundwaters currently takes place at Vesuvius. Vesuvius groundwaters are dilute (mean TDS 2800 mg/L) hypothermal fluids (mean T 17.7°C) with a prevalent alkaline-bicarbonate composition. Calcium-bicarbonate groundwaters normally occur on the surrounding Campanian Plain, likely recharged from the Apennines. D and 18O data evidence an essentially meteoric origin of Vesuvius groundwaters, the contribution from either Tyrrhenian seawater or 18O-enriched thermal water appearing to be small or negligible. However, the dissolution of CO2-rich gases at depth promotes acid alteration and isochemical leaching of the permeable volcanic rocks, which explains the generally low pH and high total carbon content of waters. Attainment of chemical equilibrium between the rock and the weathering solutions is prevented by commonly low temperature (10 to 28°C) and acid-reducing conditions. The chemical and isotope (C and He) composition of dissolved gases highlights the magmatic origin of the gas phase feeding the aquifer. We show that although the pristine magmatic composition may vary upon gas ascent because of either dilution by a soil-atmospheric component or fractionation processes during interaction with the aquifer, both 13C/12C and 3He/4He measurements indicate the contribution of a magmatic component with a 13C 0‰ and R/Ra of 2.7, which is consistent with data from Vesuvius fumaroles and phenocryst melt inclusions in olivine phenocrysts. A main control of tectonics on gas ascent is revealed by data presented in this paper. For example, two areas of high CO2 release and enhanced rock leaching are recognized on the western (Torre del Greco) and southwestern (Torre Annunziata–Pompeii) flanks of Vesuvius, where important NE-SW and NW-SE tectonic structures are recognized. In contrast, waters flowing through the northern sector of the volcano are generally colder, less saline, and CO2 depleted, despite in some cases containing significant concentrations of magmaderived helium. The remarkable differences among the various sectors of the volcano are reconciled in a geochemical interpretative model, which is consistent with recent structural and geophysical evidences on the structure of Somma-Vesuvius volcanic complex.
    Description: -European Union, -Ministero dell’Universita’ e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica; -CNR–Gruppo Nazionale per la Vulcanologia.
    Description: Published
    Description: 963–981
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: isotopes ; water chemistry ; dissolved gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.07. Radioactivity and isotopes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    A major change in the sedimentation regime in the Crotone Basin (Southern Italy) around 3.7-3.6 Ma (2014)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-17
    Description: The Lower Pliocene succession of the Crotone Basin (Calabrian Arc, Southern Italy) is mainly comprised of blue-grey marly clay with good magnetic properties. Here the bio-magnetostratigraphic data indicate a mean sedimentation rate of about 12–15 cm/kyr. Around 3.7–3.6 Ma a major change in the sedimentation regime occurred: the blue-grey hemipelagic marls grade rapidly into silty marls with a significant increase in the terrigenous fraction and with abundant siliceous remains throughout the whole interval. Magnetic properties of these sediments are very poor, but an integrated calcareous plankton biostratigraphy (foraminifera and nannofossils) infers a high average sedimentation rate (about 50–60 cm/kyr). The abrupt onset of this sedimentation regime in the Crotone Basin is contemporaneous with a major unconformity already recognized in the northern sector of the basin, part of amajor reorganization phase in the whole Apenninic–Maghrebid Chain known as “Globorotalia puncticulata event”. Reports of coeval siliceous sediments in other marginal basins of the Apennines (Southern Calabria, Southern and Northern Apennines) suggest that this “siliceous event” might have been regionally extensive, having important palaeoceanographical implications.We infer that the “siliceous event” is characterized by a combined tectonic- and climate-induced change in palaeoceanographic conditions. The tectonic triggering factors may have been linked to two synchronous events in the Tyrrhenian–Apennine system: 1) the shortening event also known as “G. puncticulata event”, and 2) the coeval opening of the Vavilov Basin in the Tyrrhenian Sea which yielded profound influences in terms of physiography and characteristics of the Crotone Basin. The consequent uplift of the Southern Apennines would have increased sediment supply and availability of silica, resulting in eutrophication and enhanced silica preservation. Strong winter mixing and possibly upwelling conditions could have increased primary productivity during heavy isotope stages Gi4, Gi2 and MG8, at the onset of the “siliceous event”. This important event, lasting from ca. 3.6 Ma to ca. 3.2 Ma, would have recorded a peculiar transitional period before further climatic deterioration and more drastic palaeoceanographic changes occurred around 3.1 Ma, leading to cyclic sapropel deposition in the whole of the Mediterranean sea.
    Description: Published
    Description: 398-410
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Biostratigraphy ; Magnetostratigraphy ; Pliocene ; Calabrian Arc ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 10
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    Chronology of the Lower-Middle Pleistocene succession of the south-western part of the Crotone Basin (Calabria, Southern Italy) (2011)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-17
    Description: Biostratigraphy based on calcareous nannofossils, integrated by magnetostratigraphic, geochronological and isotopic data, allowed establishing a precise chronological framework for the Pleistocene succession within the south-western sector of the Crotone Basin (Calabria, Southern Italy), where the Pliocenee Pleistocene global stratotype section and point is defined, thus demonstrating that sedimentation was quasi-continuous during most of the Lower and Middle Pleistocene. At a large scale, the Pleistocene succession in this sector of the Crotone Basin is characterized by an evident shallowing-upwards trend, showing facies changes from bathyal to shelfal to littoral/continental. However, comparison between adjacent sectors within the investigated area demonstrates that stratigraphic architectures change vastly on very short distances. Our chronological constraints indicate that such changes in sedimentation styles probably occurred in response to differential subsidence rates, which originated tectonically-controlled synsedimentary structures where accommodation space and sediment yield were allotted unevenly. This articulated physiography led to striking differences in the overall thicknesses and organization of Pleistocene stratigraphies and, eventually, to a distinct diachroneity in the first appearance of shallow-marine deposits. In addition, superimposed are complex interplays between regional and local tectonics, eustasy and orbitally-forced climate changes. These interactions have been highlighted by the oxygen isotope stratigraphy established for a part of the studied succession, which is likely to document almost continuously the interval from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 26 to MIS 17. In its younger part (post-MIS 17), chronological ties are poor, as the succession is dominated by shallow-water to continental deposits showing a prominent organization into cyclothems. Nevertheless, based on the chronology of the underlying units, it is feasible that basin infill ended during MIS 15-MIS 14 times.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1185-1200
    Description: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Pleistocene ; Chronostratigraphy ; Southern Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
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