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  • 1
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    VEGFR, RET, and RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway Take Part in the Inhibition of Osteosarcoma MG63 Cells with Sorafenib Treatment (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Print ISSN: 1085-9195
    Digitale ISSN: 1559-0283
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Springer
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Mechanical properties of films made from dialcohol cellulose prepared by homogeneous periodate oxidation (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Print ISSN: 0969-0239
    Digitale ISSN: 1572-882X
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Publiziert von Springer
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  • 3
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    Alzheimer’s disease and CADASIL are heritable, adult-onset dementias that both involve damaged small blood vessels (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Print ISSN: 1420-682X
    Digitale ISSN: 1420-9071
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Springer
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  • 4
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    An organic acid-tolerant HAA1-overexpression mutant of an industrial bioethanol strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its application to the production of bioethanol from sugarcane molasses (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Beschreibung: Bacterial contamination is known as a major cause of the reduction in ethanol yield during bioethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Acetate is an effective agent for the prevention of bacterial contamination, but it negatively affects the fermentation ability of S. cerevisiae. We have proposed that the combined use of organic acids including acetate and lactate and yeast strains tolerant to organic acids may be effective for the elimination of principally lactic acid bacterial (LAB) contamination. In a previous study employing laboratory S. cerevisiae strains, we showed that overexpression of the HAA1 gene, which encodes a transcriptional activator, could be a useful molecular breeding method for acetate-tolerant yeast strains. In the present study, we constructed a HAA1-overexpressing diploid strain (MAT a/alpha, named ER HAA1-OP) derived from the industrial bioethanol strain Ethanol Red (ER). ER HAA1-OP showed tolerance not only to acetate but also to lactate, and this tolerance was dependent on the increased expression of HAA1. The ethanol production ability of ER HAA1-OP was almost equivalent to that of the parent strain during the bioethanol production process from sugarcane molasses in the absence of acetate. The addition of acetate at 0.5% (w/v, pH 4.5) inhibited the fermentation ability of the parent strain, but such an inhibition was not observed in the ethanol production process using ER HAA1-OP.
    Digitale ISSN: 2191-0855
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Springer
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  • 5
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    Mechanical properties of films made from dialcohol cellulose prepared by homogeneous periodate oxidation (2013)
    Springer
    In: Cellulose
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Beschreibung: 2,3-Dialdehyde celluloses were prepared by homogeneous periodate oxidation in an aqueous solution of methylol cellulose. Since methylol cellulose stays dissolved in water for a certain time before decomposing gradually into regenerated cellulose, the oxidation reaction progressed homogeneously throughout the period. The resulting dialdehyde cellulose achieved an oxidation level of over 90 % in as little as 12 h. Reducing the dialdehyde celluloses with NaBH 4 resulted in water-soluble dialcohol celluloses, which have an open-ring structure at the C2–C3 position. The dialcohol celluloses were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The T g of the products decreased with increasing oxidation levels. The products might be processable, and unique tensile properties were obtained by cutting the C2–C3 bonds in the glucopyranose rings. The dialcohol celluloses prepared using a cast method yielded clear and transparent films which showed unique mechanical properties by tensile tests depending on the values of oxidation level.
    Print ISSN: 0969-0239
    Digitale ISSN: 1572-882X
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Publiziert von Springer
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  • 6
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    VEGFR, RET, and RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway Take Part in the Inhibition of Osteosarcoma MG63 Cells with Sorafenib Treatment (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Beschreibung: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the leading primary malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. It is response for a high mortality rate. Nowadays, few researches have been performed on sorafenib against OS and no tools are available to guide the use of sorafenib in the OS treatment. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of sorafenib on OS cell MG63 and figure the potential effective molecular pathway of its function. In the present study, we performed assays of cell proliferation, RT-PCR, and western blot to investigate the effect of sorafenib on OS MG63 cells and to elucidate the molecular actions of sorafenib against RTKs VEGFR2 and RET, as well as MEK/ERK signaling pathway. The present study confirmed that sorafenib could inhibit the proliferation of OS MG63 cells and caused a series of biomolecule effects, including the change of VEGFR2 and ERK gene expression, and the phosphorylation alteration of VEGFR2, RET, and MEK1 proteins. VEGFR2, RET, and MEK/ERK signaling pathway are involved in the pharmacological mechanism of sorafenib. They are potential candidate targets for OS treatment.
    Print ISSN: 1085-9195
    Digitale ISSN: 1559-0283
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Springer
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Alzheimer’s disease and CADASIL are heritable, adult-onset dementias that both involve damaged small blood vessels (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Beschreibung: This essay explores an alternative pathway to Alzheimer’s dementia that focuses on damage to small blood vessels rather than late-stage toxic amyloid deposits as the primary pathogenic mechanism that leads to irreversible dementia. While the end-stage pathology of AD is well known, the pathogenic processes that lead to disease are often assumed to be due to toxic amyloid peptides that act on neurons, leading to neuronal dysfunction and eventually neuronal cell death. Speculations as to what initiates the pathogenic cascade have included toxic abeta peptide aggregates, oxidative damage, and inflammation, but none explain why neurons die. Recent high-resolution NMR studies of living patients show that lesions in white matter regions of the brain precede the appearance of amyloid deposits and are correlated with damaged small blood vessels. To appreciate the pathogenic potential of damaged small blood vessels in the brain, it is useful to consider the clinical course and the pathogenesis of CADASIL, a heritable arteriopathy that leads to damaged small blood vessels and irreversible dementia. CADASIL is strikingly similar to early onset AD in that it is caused by germ line mutations in NOTCH 3 that generate toxic protein aggregates similar to those attributed to mutant forms of the amyloid precursor protein and presenilin genes. Since NOTCH 3 mutants clearly damage small blood vessels of white matter regions of the brain that lead to dementia, we speculate that both forms of dementia may have a similar pathogenesis, which is to cause ischemic damage by blocking blood flow or by impeding the removal of toxic protein aggregates by retrograde vascular clearance mechanisms.
    Print ISSN: 1420-682X
    Digitale ISSN: 1420-9071
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Springer im Namen von Birkhäuser.
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    Activation of signaling pathways related to cell wall integrity and multidrug resistance by organic solvent in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Beschreibung: Organic solvents are toxic to living cells. In eukaryotes, cells with organic solvent tolerance have only been found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Although several factors contributing to organic solvent tolerance have been identified in previous studies, the mechanism of how yeast cells naturally respond to organic solvent stress is not known. We demonstrated that the pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) pathway contributed to response to organic solvent stress. Activation of the PDR pathway by mutations in the transcription factors Pdr1p and Pdr3p led to organic solvent tolerance. Exposure to organic solvents also induced transcription levels of PDR5 , which encodes a major drug efflux pump. Overproduction of Pdr5p improved organic solvent tolerance, presumably by exporting organic solvents out of the cell. In addition, we showed that the cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway was induced in response to organic solvents to upregulate genes encoding the cell wall-related proteins Wsc3p and Ynl190wp. WSC3 and YNL190W were upregulated independently of the PDR pathway. Among the components of the CWI pathway, the cell surface sensors (Wsc3p and Mid2p) and the transcription factors (Swi4p and Swi6p) appeared to be particularly involved in the response to organic solvents. Our findings indicate that S. cerevisiae activates two different signaling pathways, the PDR pathway and the CWI pathway, to cope with stresses from organic solvents.
    Print ISSN: 0172-8083
    Digitale ISSN: 1432-0983
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Springer
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  • 9
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    Typhoon Disasters and Adaptive Governance in Guangdong, China (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Beschreibung: Globally, more people and assets are concentrated on the limited coastal plains where they are exposed to frequent disasters, such as typhoons, rainstorms, and floods that often result in tremendous casualties and economic losses. Based on the causal analysis of the historical typhoon cases in the Guangdong Province of China, this study indicates that structural measures alone are not sufficient to resist and offset the impacts caused by typhoon disasters. Additionally, structural measures are unsustainable due to their high investment and low security. Adaptive governance, which uses non-structural measures and resilience building, is a feasible and cost-effective strategy for responding to the cascading effects of typhoon disasters. Multi-stakeholder participation and vertical-horizontal coordination are essential for providing adaptive governance to typhoon disasters. A risk-sharing model was put forward by bringing together the government, insurance companies, and victims. Furthermore, a favorable atmosphere for public participation in disaster risk reduction can be fostered and should be a long-term adaptation strategy. The views and framework of adaptive governance provide decision makers with insights on coastal disaster risk management within the broader context of climate change.
    Print ISSN: 0364-152X
    Digitale ISSN: 1432-1009
    Thema: Biologie , Energietechnik
    Publiziert von Springer
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  • 10
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    Social Enterprises and the Performance Advantages of a Vincentian Marketing Orientation (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-12-31
    Beschreibung: This study focuses on the managerial issue of should social enterprises (SEs) become more marketing oriented. It adapts the Kohli et al. (J Mark Res 30:467–477, 1993 ) MARKOR marketing orientation scale to measure the adoption of marketing by SEs. The items capture Vincentian-based values to leverage business in service to the poor as a measure of a Vincentian marketing orientation (VMO). A VMO is an organisational wide value-driven philosophy of management that focuses a SE on meeting its objectives by adopting a more marketing orientated approach to serve the needy and poor in a just and sustainable manner. SEs that exhibit a VMO seek to understand and respond to both the needs of their beneficiaries and stakeholders. They are constantly generating, disseminating, and responding to environmental, beneficiary, and stakeholder information and develop their business propositions to more effectively and efficiently meet the needs of the poor, while guided by a philosophy of leveraging business for social good. This study of SEs in Australia found that a VMO is strongly and positively correlated with social, economic, and environmental performance. These findings suggest that SEs may benefit by leveraging marketing capabilities to better serve their beneficiaries and stakeholders.
    Print ISSN: 0167-4544
    Digitale ISSN: 1573-0697
    Thema: Philosophie , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Springer
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