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  • Rat (Wistar)  (37)
  • stress  (34)
  • Springer  (71)
  • Institute of Physics
  • 2010-2014
  • 1985-1989  (71)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1940-1944
  • 1989  (71)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2010-2014
  • 1985-1989  (71)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1940-1944
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental consequences of water and temperature in the European corn borer — maize interaction (1989)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 53 (1989), S. 287-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: European corn borer ; Ostrinia nubilalis ; maize ; water ; drought ; stress ; development ; models ; phytotron ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des plants de maïs se développent dans un phytotron dans 4 conditions d'humidité du sol (de la saturation à la dessication) et à 3 températures constantes (20°, 25° & 30°C). Chaque pied est contaminé au moment de l'émission du pollen, par une ooplaque d'O. nubilalis Hübn. (ECB) de race européenne E. L'installation, la colonisation et le développement des chenilles sont notés lors de 12 périodes de prélèvements destructifs (4 par température). La vitesse de développement d'O. nubilalis est affectée par la température, main non par l'humidité du sol. Les 4 niveaux d'humidité du sol n'ont aucun effet sur la teneur en eau des tiges de maïs. En fait, les feuilles de maïs présentent une senescence précoce lorsqu'il y a déficit en eau dans le sol. La teneur en eau du sol agit sur l'installation, sur la distribution verticale, la dispersion et le lieu d'alimentation des chenilles; mais ces effets sont légers et ne modifient pas la vitesse de développement. L'environnement larvaire dans la tige de maïs est efficacement isolé des variations externes par l'aptitude de la plante à maintenir la teneur en eau des tiges relativement élevée et stable. Ainsi, des changements importants au niveau du sol n'ont pratiquement pas d'effets sur le développement d'O. nubilalis, malgré les conséquences brutales pour la plante. Cette étude montre que la vitesse de développement d'O. nubilalis est relativement insensible aux modifications de la teneur en eau du sol ainsi qu'aux effets de ce stress de sécheresse sévère sur le pied de maïs. La discussion porte sur l'importance de ces résultats pour la modélisation de la dynamique de l'insecte, la physiologie de la culture et les interactions entre insecte et plante.
    Notes: Abstract Maize plants were grown under four moisture regimes (wet to extreme deficit) and three constant temperatures (20°, 25° & 30°C) in a phytotron. Each plant was infested with one E-race European corn borer [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubn.)] (ECB) egg mass at pollen shed. ECB development, location, and establishment were recorded over the course of 12 destructive sample dates (4/temperature). ECB developmental rates were not significantly affected by soil moisture treatments, but were significantly affected by temperature. In spite of successful establishment of four distinctly different soil moisture regimes, the maize stalk tissue water levels were not significantly different among soil water treatments. Instead, the maize plants exhibited accelerated leaf senescence in response to the water deficit conditions. Among the soil water treatments, differences were found in larval establishment, vertical distribution and dispersion, and feeding site selection; however, those effects were slight and could not explain the similarity in ECB developmental rates observed in these treatments. In maize, the larval environment within the stalk was effectively insulated from changes in the external environment by the plant's ability to maintain a relatively high and stable stalk tissue water content. Thus, large changes to the soil environment had essentially no effect on ECB development, though drastic consequences for the plant. This study indicates that ECB rates of development are relatively insensitive to changes in the soil water environment as well as the associated changes in the maize plant that accompany severe drought stress. The significance of these findings to insect modelling, crop physiology, and insect-crop interactions is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00162860
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ascorbic acid in a New World monkey family: Species difference and influence of stressors on ascorbic acid metabolism (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 28 (1989), S. 49-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: ascorbic acid metabolism ; vitamin C serum level ; stress ; C allitrichidae ; Ascorbinsäurestoffwechsel ; Vitamin C Serumgehalt ; Streß ; C allitrichidae ; Krallenaffen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die NeuweltaffenCallithrix jacchus, Marmosets, undSaguinus fuscicollis, Tamarine, sind, wie andere Affen auch, auf die externe Zufuhr von Ascorbinsäure angewiesen. Um bei Marmosets einen Serumspiegel oberhalb der Nierenschwelle zu erreichen, müssen ihnen täglich 15 mg/kg metabolischem Körpergewicht zugeführt werden. Die Nierenschwelle liegt bei ihnen im gleichen Bereich wie beim Menschen. Ein Vergleich des Ascorbinsäurespiegels zwischen den beiden Spezies aus einer Zuchtkolonie ergab einen gravierend niedrigeren Wert bei den Tamarinen. Bei beiden Spezies wurde Ascorbinsäure durch ungewohnte Versuchsbedingungen oder zusätzliche Streßfaktoren zu einem höheren Prozentsatz zu CO2 abgebaut, als wenn die Tiere an den Stoffwechselkäfig gewöhnt waren. Diese Isotopenexkretionsversuche mit14C-markierter Ascorbinsäure weisen auf ein unterschiedliches Stoffwechselverhalten von Ascorbinsäure zwischen den beiden Spezies hin, was vermutlich durch die höhere Streßanfälligkeit der Tamarine bei vergleichbaren Bedingungen verursacht ist.
    Notes: Summary Like other simian primates, the New World monkeyCallithrix jacchus, marmoset, andSaguinus fuscicollis, tamarin, require ascorbic acid as an essential nutrient. For adult marmosets, a daily intake of 15 mg/kg metabolic body weight was found to be necessary to obtain a serum level above the kidney threshold. A survey of the serum ascorbic acid level of marmosets and tamarins in a breeding colony resulted in a vast divergence between the two species, indicating a higher ascorbic acid requirement for tamarins. Unaccustomed trial conditions or additional Stressors resulted in a higher catabolism of ascorbic acid to CO2 in both species, measured with14C labeled material, compared to a higher rate of renal excretion when the animals were accustomed to the metabolic cage. These isotope excretion studies suggest a different metabolic behavior of ascorbic acid in the two species. This is supposedly caused by a higher sensitivity of the tamarins when subjected to the same conditions as marmosets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02025565
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebral lateralization as a source of interindividual differences in behavior (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 788-798 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Brain asymmetry ; rotational behavior ; genetic models ; testosterone ; brain development ; stress ; strain differences ; sexual dimorphism ; hemispheric differences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cerebral laterality can no longer be considered an exclusively human trait, as over the last 15 years there has been an emergence of data to suggest that animal brains are also lateralized. Morphologic, chemical and behavioral indices of brain asymmetry in the rodent have been reported, and it is suggested that variations in the magnitude and direction of these indices are determined by a complex interaction of genetic, hormonal and experiential factors. Interindividual differences in cerebral laterality have been shown to covary with, or predict, individual differences in spatial behavior and stress reactivity, as well as susceptibility to stress pathology and drug sensitivity. Such findings suggest that it is possible to study individual differences in lateralized brain function through the use of animal models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01954054
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The AA and ANA rat lines, selected for differences in voluntary alcohol consumption (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 798-805 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: AA and ANA rats ; alcohol consumption ; genetic selection ; neurochemistry ; stress ; alcohol withdrawal ; behavior ; ethanol metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The offspring of rats that voluntarily select larger quantities of alcohol are heavier consumers of alcohol than the offspring of rats that tend to avoid it. Such selective breeding, repeated over many generations, was used to develop the AA (Alko, Alcohol) line of rats which prefer 10% alcohol to water, and the ANA (Alko, Non-Alcohol) line of rats which choose water to the virtual exclusion of alcohol. In addition to demonstrating the likely role of genetic factors in alcohol consumption, these lines have been used to find behavioral, metabolic, and neurochemical correlates of differential alcohol intake. Some of the line differences that have been found involve the reinforcing effects of ethanol, the changes in consumption produced by alcohol deprivation and nutritional factors, the behavioral and adrenal monoamine reactions to mild stress, the development of tolerance, the accumulation of acetaldehyde during ethanol metabolism, and the brain levels of serotonin. It is hoped that these studies will lead to a better understanding of the genetically-determined mechanisms that influence the selection of alcohol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01954055
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane transport and disease (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 91 (1989), S. 3-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: calcium ATPase ; glucose transport ; herpes virus ; hypertension ; leaks ; pore-formation ; sodium channels ; stress ; toxins ; transport ; viruses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four situations in which membrane transport is altered by disease are discussed: (a) non-specific leaks induced by poreforming agents; (b) glucose transport and cellular stress; (c) Ca+-ATPase and hypertension; (d) Na− channels and HSV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228073
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane proteins of synaptic vesicles and cytoskeletal specializations at the node of Ranvier in electric ray and rat (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 258 (1989), S. 617-629 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Axonal transport ; Cytoskeleton ; Node of Ranvier ; Schmidt-Lanterman incisure ; Synaptic vesicle ; Torpedo marmorata (Elasmobranchii) ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Binding sites for antibodies against membrane proteins of synaptic vesicles have been shown to be enhanced at nodes of Ranvier in electromotor axons of the electric ray Torpedo marmorata and sciatic nerve axons of the rat, using indirect immunofluorescence and monoclonal antibodies against the synaptic vesicle transmembrane proteins SV2 and synaptophysin (rat) or SV2 (Torpedo). In the electric lobe of Torpedo, vesicle-membrane constituents occurred at higher density in the proximal axon segments covered by oligodendroglia cells than in the distal axon segments where myelin is formed by Schwann cells. Antibody binding sites were enhanced at nodes forming the borderline of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Filamentous actin was present in the Schwann-cell processes covering both the nodal and the paranodal axon segments as suggested by the pattern of phalloidin labelling. Furthermore, in rat sciatic nerve, Schmidt-Lanterman incisures were intensely labelled by phalloidin. A similar nodal distribution was found for binding sites of antibodies against actin and myosin. Binding of antibodies to tubulin was enhanced at nodes in Torpedo electromotor axons. The apparent nodal accumulation of constituents of synaptic vesicle membranes and the presence of filamentous actin and of myosin are discussed in relation to the substantial constriction of the axoplasm at nodes of Ranvier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218875
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical studies on the cytoskeleton in the anterior pituitary of rats, with special regard to the relationship between actin filaments and secretory granules (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 258 (1989), S. 25-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Anterior pituitary secretory cells ; Actin filaments ; Secretory granules ; Intracellular transport ; Heavy meromyosin ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary As previously reported, in anterior pituitary cells of the rat, secretory granules are linked with adjacent granules, cytoorganelles, microtubules, and plasma membrane by thin filaments, 4–10 nm in diameter. The quick-freeze, deep-etching method revealed that some of the filaments linking adjacent secretory granules show 5 nm-spaced striations on their surface which are known to be characteristic of actin. Immunocytochemistry showed that actin is localized in the cytoplasm beneath the plasma membrane, and around or between secretory granules. The heavy meromyosin decoration method demonstrated that actin filaments are mainly located in the cytoplasm beneath the plasma membrane, while some actin filaments are connected with the limiting membrane of the secretory granules. The actin filaments associated with the secretory granules are considered to be involved in the intracellular transport of the granules, while those localized in the peripheral cytoplasmic matrix might control the approach of the secretory granules to the plasma membrane and their release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223140
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereological and functional investigations on isolated adrenocortical cells: Zona fasciculata/reticularis cells of chronically ACTH-treated rats (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 258 (1989), S. 43-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Isolated adrenocortical cells ; ACTH ; Steroidogenesis ; Stereology ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphology and function of isolated inner (zona fasciculata/reticularis) adrenocortical cells of rats pretreated with ACTH for 3, 6, 9 or 12 days were investigated. ACTH treatment induced a notable time-dependent enhancement in the steroidogenic capacity (corticosterone production) and growth of inner cells. The volumes of cells, mitochondrial compartment, membrane space [the cellular space occupied by smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) membranes] and lipid-droplet compartment, as well as the surface area of mitochondrial cristae and SER tubules, were increased in relation to the duration of ACTH pretreatment, and showed a highly significant positive linear correlation with both basal and stimulated corticosterone production. The acute exposure of isolated cells to ACTH provoked a striking lipid-droplet depletion, the extent of which was linearly and positively correlated with stimulated corticosterone secretion. The hypertrophy of the mitochondrial compartment and SER are interpreted as the morphological counterpart of the enhanced steroidogenic capacity of inner adrenocortical cells, inasmuch as the enzymes of steroid synthesis are located in these two organelles, and it is well known that chronic ACTH exposure stimulates the de novo synthesis of many of them in vivo. The rise in the number of lipid droplets, in which cholesterol is stored, is interpreted as being due to the fact that, under chronic ACTH treatment, the processes leading to cholesterol accumulation in adrenocortical cells (exogenous uptake and endogenous synthesis) exceed those of its utilization in basal steroid secretion. Cholesterol accumulated in lipid droplets as a reserve material may be rapidly utilized after acute ACTH exposure to meet the needs of the enhanced steroidogenic capacity of adrenocortical cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223143
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of expansion of blood volume and bilateral vagotomy on specific heart granules and release of atrial natriuretic peptide in the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 258 (1989), S. 211-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Myocardium ; Specific heart granules ; Atrial natriuretic peptide ; Blood volume expansion ; Vagotomy ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary There was no statistically significant difference in basal concentrations of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), as assessed by radioimmunoassay, between right and left atrial muscle of control rats; similarly, stereological analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the fractional volume of myocytes occupied by specific heart granules, or in numerical density of granules, between right and left atria. Nevertheless, correlated radioimmunoassay and ultrastructural investigations showed that the major source of elevated plasma levels of ANP after expansion of blood volume was the right atrium. Substantial expansion of blood volume caused an increase in the proportion of peripherally located granules in myocytes of both atria, but reduction in the number of granules and in the concentration and total content of ANP occurred in the right atrium only. Bilateral cervical vagotomy also caused a statistically significant elevation of plasma ANP concentration, accompanied by a statistically significant reciprocal reduction in right atrial ANP content; no statistically significant change occurred in left atrial ANP. When blood volume was expanded after bilateral vagotomy, there was a further statistically significant increase in plasma ANP concentration; this was accompanied by further reduction in right atrial ANP and, moreover, the combined manoeuvre also elicited a statistically significant reduction of ANP in the left atrium. Ultrastructural studies confirmed that, under these conditions, myocytes in both atria showed a marked depletion of specific heart granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223159
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stage-specific localization of cytoskeletal actin mRNA in murine seminiferous tubules and intestinal epithelia as demonstrated by in-situ hybridization (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 258 (1989), S. 225-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Actin mRNA ; In-situ hybridization ; Spermatogenesis ; Seminiferous epithelium ; Intestinal crypt cell ; Mouse (C 57) ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In-situ hybridization experiments have been performed using isoactin (β and γ)-specific riboprobes in various tissues of the rat and mouse. Distribution of the grains of actin mRNAs for both β and γ types was similar throughout sections of the rat testis. Although both mRNAs were evenly distributed in the seminiferous tubule, extremely heavy labeling was observed in about 10% of the seminiferous tubules that could be identified as stage XII of spermatogenesis. At high magnification, grains of the mRNA were found in the cytoplasm of elongating spermatids and in the Sertoli cell cytoplasm at the adluminal side. Much higher density of the grains of mRNA was observed in the neck region of the spermatids at stage XII. Thus, the dense distribution of cytoskeletal actin mRNAs is stage-specific in the tubule during spermatogenesis in the rat. The high expression of both β and γ actin mRNAs was also observed in the epithelial cells of the intestinal crypts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239442
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