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  • Chemistry  (22,313)
  • 1985-1989  (16,809)
  • 1975-1979  (5,504)
  • 1989  (9,555)
  • 1985  (7,254)
  • 1975  (5,504)
Collection
Keywords
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Years
  • 1985-1989  (16,809)
  • 1975-1979  (5,504)
Year
  • 1
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    Molecular mechanisms and forces involved in the adhesion and fusion of amphiphilic bilayers (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: The surface forces apparatus technique was used for measuring the adhesion, deformation, and fusion of bilayers supported on mica surfaces in aqueous solutions. The most important force leading to the direct fusion of bilayers is the hydrophobic interaction, although the occurrence of fusion is not simply related to the force law between bilayers. Bilayers do not need to "overcome" some repulsive force barrier, such as hydration, before they can fuse. Instead, once bilayer surfaces come within about 1 nanometer of each other, local deformations and molecular rearrangements allow them to "bypass" these forces.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Helm, C A -- Israelachvili, J N -- McGuiggan, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):919-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Lipid Bilayers ; Models, Biological ; Models, Structural ; Phosphatidylcholines ; Phosphatidylethanolamines
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    "Chemzymes" mimic biology in miniature (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waldrop, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):354-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2756423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Catalysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Enzymes ; Technology, Pharmaceutical
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Molecular recognition and metal ion template synthesis (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-05-26
    Description: Methods for the design and synthesis of ligands intended to be specific for a metal ion have been a recent chemical development. This article describes how this process can be inverted so that the specifics of the coordination environment around the metal ion can be used as a template in large-scale ligand synthesis. The synthesis of macrobicyclic ligands for ferric ion has been accomplished by using active esters of catechol ligands in which catecholate coordination to iron is a prelude to the organic chemical reactions that link the coordination subunits together into one ligand system surrounding a central metal ion coordination site. The lanthanide(III) ions, which are among the most labile metal ions known, have coordination numbers of 8 or higher, and thus their encapsulation into a macrobicyclic structure is a challenging problem. Lanthanide amine complexes have been used as metal templates in the synthesis of such macrobicyclic lanthanide complexes. There is evidence that such a complex is inert to exchange in aqueous solution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McMurry, T J -- Raymond, K N -- Smith, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 26;244(4907):938-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2658057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cations ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Iron/metabolism ; *Ligands ; Macromolecular Substances ; Metals/*metabolism ; Metals, Rare Earth/metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Templates, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Sequence-specific peptide cleavage catalyzed by an antibody (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-03-03
    Description: Monoclonal antibodies have been induced that are capable of catalyzing specific hydrolysis of the Gly-Phe bond of peptide substrates at neutral pH with a metal complex cofactor. The antibodies were produced by immunizing with a Co(III) triethylenetetramine (trien)-peptide hapten. These antibodies as a group are capable of binding trien complexes of not only Co(III) but also of numerous other metals. Six peptides were examined as possible substrates with the antibodies and various metal complexes. Two of these peptides were cleaved by several of the antibodies. One antibody was studied in detail, and cleavage was observed for the substrates with the trien complexes of Zn(II), Ga(III), Fe(III), In(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Lu(III), Mg(II), or Mn(II) as cofactors. A turnover number of 6 x 10(-4) per second was observed for these substrates. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the use of cofactor-assisted catalysis in an antibody binding site to accomplish difficult chemical transformations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iverson, B L -- Lerner, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 3;243(4895):1184-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2922606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens/immunology ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Catalysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cobalt/immunology/metabolism ; Glycine/metabolism ; Haptens/immunology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis ; Immunization ; Metals/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Oligopeptides/*metabolism ; Phenylalanine/metabolism ; Trientine/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Polymer synthesis and organotransition metal chemistry (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-02-17
    Description: Mechanistic and synthetic studies in organometallic chemistry have provided considerable insight into olefin metathesis and Ziegler-Natta polymerization. New homogeneous olefin metathesis catalysts based on high oxidation state transition metals have opened new opportunities in polymer synthesis by providing unprecedented control in ring-opening polymerization of cyclic alkenes. The recent development of living coordinative polymerization systems has led to the preparation of a number of new, interesting materials, including block copolymers, conducting polymers or precursors, and ionophoric polymeric substrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grubbs, R H -- Tumas, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Feb 17;243(4893):907-15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2645643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Organometallic Compounds ; *Polymers
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    A potent nonpeptide cholecystokinin antagonist selective for peripheral tissues isolated from Aspergillus alliaceus (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-10-11
    Description: A new, competitive, nonpeptide cholecystokinin (CCK) antagonist, asperlicin, was isolated from the fungus Aspergillus alliaceus. The compound has 300 to 400 times the affinity for pancreatic, ileal, and gallbladder CCK receptors than proglumide, a standard agent of this class. Moreover, asperlicin is highly selective for peripheral CCK receptors relative to brain CCK and gastrin receptors. Since asperlicin also exhibits long-lasting CCK antagonist activity in vivo, it should provide a valuable tool for investigating the physiological and pharmacological actions of CCK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, R S -- Lotti, V J -- Monaghan, R L -- Birnbaum, J -- Stapley, E O -- Goetz, M A -- Albers-Schonberg, G -- Patchett, A A -- Liesch, J M -- Hensens, O D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 11;230(4722):177-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994227" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aspergillus/*metabolism ; Benzodiazepinones/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cholecystokinin/*antagonists & inhibitors/pharmacology/physiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gallbladder/drug effects ; Guinea Pigs ; Ileum/drug effects ; Pancreas/drug effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/drug effects ; Receptors, Cholecystokinin
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Three-dimensional structure of poliovirus at 2.9 A resolution (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: The three-dimensional structure of poliovirus has been determined at 2.9 A resolution by x-ray crystallographic methods. Each of the three major capsid proteins (VP1, VP2, and VP3) contains a "core" consisting of an eight-stranded antiparallel beta barrel with two flanking helices. The arrangement of beta strands and helices is structurally similar and topologically identical to the folding pattern of the capsid proteins of several icosahedral plant viruses. In each of the major capsid proteins, the "connecting loops" and NH2- and COOH-terminal extensions are structurally dissimilar. The packing of the subunit "cores" to form the virion shell is reminiscent of the packing in the T = 3 plant viruses, but is significantly different in detail. Differences in the orientations of the subunits cause dissimilar contacts at protein-protein interfaces, and are also responsible for two major surface features of the poliovirion: prominent peaks at the fivefold and threefold axes of the particle. The positions and interactions of the NH2- and COOH-terminal strands of the capsid proteins have important implications for virion assembly. Several of the "connecting loops" and COOH-terminal strands form prominent radial projections which are the antigenic sites of the virion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hogle, J M -- Chow, M -- Filman, D J -- AI-20566/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-22346/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- NS-07078/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI020566/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1358-65.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Capsid/physiology ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; HeLa Cells/microbiology ; Mutation ; Poliovirus/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Protein Conformation ; Virus Replication ; X-Ray Diffraction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    The structure of arthropod hemocyanins (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: Hemocyanins are large multi-subunit copper proteins that transport oxygen in many arthropods and molluscs. Comparison of the amino acid sequence data for seven different subunits of arthropod hemocyanins from crustaceans and chelicerates shows many highly conserved residues and extensive regions of near identity. This correspondence can be matched closely with the three domain structure established by x-ray crystallography for spiny lobster hemocyanin. The degree of identity is particularly striking in the second domain of the subunit that contains the six histidines which ligate the two oxygen-binding copper atoms. The polypeptide architecture of spiny lobster hemocyanin appears to be the same in all arthropods. This structure must therefore be at least as old as the estimated time of divergence of crustaceans and chelicerates, about 540 to 600 million years ago.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Linzen, B -- Soeter, N M -- Riggs, A F -- Schneider, H J -- Schartau, W -- Moore, M D -- Yokota, E -- Behrens, P Q -- Nakashima, H -- Takagi, T -- GM 21314/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 28410/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):519-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4023698" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Arachnida/genetics ; *Arthropods/genetics ; Binding Sites ; Biological Evolution ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Copper ; Crustacea/genetics ; *Hemocyanin/genetics ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Dissociation of antitumor potency from anthracycline cardiotoxicity in a doxorubicin analog (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: The search for new congeners of the leading anticancer drug doxorubicin has led to an analog that is approximately 1000 times more potent, noncardiotoxic at therapeutic dose levels, and non-cross-resistant with doxorubicin. The new anthracycline, 3'-deamino-3'-(3-cyano-4-morpholinyl)doxorubicin (MRA-CN), is produced by incorporation of the 3' amino group of doxorubicin in a new cyanomorpholinyl ring. The marked increase in potency was observed against human ovarian and breast carcinomas in vitro; it was not accompanied by an increase in cardiotoxicity in fetal mouse heart cultures. Doxorubicin and MRA-CN both produced typical cardiac ultrastructural and biochemical changes, but at equimolar concentrations. In addition, MRA-CN was not cross-resistant with doxorubicin in a variant of the human sarcoma cell line MES-SA selected for resistance to doxorubicin. Thus antitumor efficacy was dissociated from both cardiotoxicity and cross-resistance by this modification of anthracycline structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sikic, B I -- Ehsan, M N -- Harker, W G -- Friend, N F -- Brown, B W -- Newman, R A -- Hacker, M P -- Acton, E M -- CA 24543/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 32250/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 33303/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1544-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antineoplastic Agents ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Cell Line ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart/drug effects ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/analysis ; Mice ; Myocardium/enzymology ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Qinghaosu (artemisinin): an antimalarial drug from China (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: The herb Artemisia annua has been used for many centuries in Chinese traditional medicine as a treatment for fever and malaria. In 1971, Chinese chemists isolated from the leafy portions of the plant the substance responsible for its reputed medicinal action. This compound, called qinghaosu (QHS, artemisinin), is a sesquiterpene lactone that bears a peroxide grouping and, unlike most other antimalarials, lacks a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system. The compound has been used successfully in several thousand malaria patients in China, including those with both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Derivatives of QHS, such as dihydroqinghaosu, artemether, and the water-soluble sodium artesunate, appear to be more potent than QHS itself. Sodium artesunate acts rapidly in restoring to consciousness comatose patients with cerebral malaria. Thus QHS and its derivatives offer promise as a totally new class of antimalarials.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klayman, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1049-55.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3887571" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antimalarials ; *Artemisinins ; Brain Diseases/therapy ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism ; Malaria/*drug therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Plants, Medicinal/analysis ; Plasmodium berghei ; Plasmodium falciparum ; *Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purification/metabolism/therapeutic use/toxicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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