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  • PANGAEA  (423,210)
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  • 11
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    Sedimentology on cores off Filchner Shelf Ice, Weddell Sea, Antarctica (1989)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Wessels, Martin (1989): Sedimentationsprozesse an der Filchner Schelfeiskante, Antarktis. Diploma Thesis, Institut und Museum für Geologie und Paläontologie der Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen (in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Alfred-Wegener-Institut), 126 pp, hdl:10013/epic.30827.d001
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: The sediments of 14 box cores and 7 gravity cores, mainly taken directly in front of the Filchner(-Ronne) ice shelf northwest of Berkner Island (Weddell Sea), allowed to distinguish six sediment types. On the one hand,the retreat of the at first grounded and then floated ice from the last glacial maximum is documented. On the other hand,the sediments give an insight into extensive Holocene sediment deposition and remobilization northwest of Berkner Island. The ortho till was deposited directly by the grounded ice sheet and is lacking any marine influence. After floating of the ice shelf, partly very weIl stratified, partly unstratified, non-bioturbated paratill is deposited beneath the ice shelf. Lack of IRD-content in the paratill immediately above the orthotill indicates freezing at the bottom of the ice, at least for a short period after the ice became afloat. The orthotill and paratill contain small amounts of fragmented Tertiary diatoms, which allow the conclusion, that glacial-marine sediments in the accumulation area of the Ronne ice shelf will be eroded and later deposited by ice in the investigation area. Starting of bioturbation and therefore change in sedimentation from paratill to bioturbated paratill,is caused by the retreat of the ice shelf to its actual position. Isostatic uplift of the sea-bed after the Ice Age causes minor water depths with higher current velocities. The fine-fraction is eroding and mean particle-size will increase. Maybe, also isostatic uplift is responsible for repeated great advances of the floated ice shelf as shown in an erosional horizon in some cores containing bioturbated paratill. Postglacial sediment-thicknesses exceed 3 m. Assuming floating of the ice 15.000 YBP, accumulation rates reach nearly 20cm/lOOO years. Following the theories about sediment input in front of wide ice shelves, this was not expected. In the shallower water depths of Berkner Bank, the oscillations of the ice shelf are recorded in the sediments. Sorting and redistribution by high current velocities from beneath the ice up to the calving line, lead to the deposition of the weIl to very weIl sorted sandy till. In front of the calving line the finer fraction will settle down. Remobilization is possible by bioturbation and increasing current-velocity. According to the intensity of mixing of the sandy till with the fine fraction, modified till or muddy till results.
    Keywords: ANT-II/4; ANT-IV/3; AWI_Paleo; Filchner Shelf; Giant box corer; GKG; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Polarstern; PS04; PS04/318; PS04/334; PS04/335; PS04/337; PS04/340; PS04/346; PS04/348; PS04/350; PS04/351; PS04/357; PS04/433; PS04/434; PS04/472; PS08; PS08/379; PS08/380; PS08/381; PS08/382; PS08/452; PS1194-1; PS1196-1; PS1197-1; PS1197-2; PS1198-1; PS1199-1; PS1199-2; PS1200-2; PS1200-4; PS1201-1; PS1210-1; PS1210-2; PS1214-1; PS1396-1; PS1397-1; PS1397-3; PS1398-1; PS1398-2; PS1399-1; PS1424-1; PS1424-2; SL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 71 datasets
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  • 12
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    Paleotemperature reconstruction for the past 0.55 Ma of the Subantarctic zone (2003)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Becquey, Sabine; Gersonde, Rainer (2003): A 0.55-Ma paleotemperature record from the Subantarctic zone: Implications for Antarctic Circumpolar Current development. Paleoceanography, 18(1), 1014, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000PA000576
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Estimates of summer sea surface temperatures (SSSTs) derived from planktic foraminiferal associations using the Modern Analog Technique and combined with isotopic analyses and determination of ice-rafted debris, mirror the Pleistocene evolution of the planktic Subantarctic surface waters in the Atlantic Ocean. The SSSTs indicate that the isotherms that define the modern polar front zone and Subantarctic front, were located at more northerly latitudes (up to 7°) during most of the investigated period, which covers the past 550 kyr. Exceptions are during climatic optima in the early Holocene, at marine isotope stages (MIS) 5.5, 7.1, 7.5, 9.3, and presumably during MIS 11.3 when SSSTs exceeded modern values by 1 –5°C. The close similarity between the SSST and the Vostok temperature indicates strong regional temperature correlation. Both records show that MIS 9.3 was the warmest period during the last 420 kyr whereas SSSTs obtained for MIS 11.3 are overestimated due to strong carbonate dissolution. Spectral analysis corroborates that the initiation of warming in southern high latitudes heralds the start of deglaciation on the Northern Hemisphere.
    Keywords: Agulhas Ridge; ANT-XI/2; AWI_Paleo; KL; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Piston corer (BGR type); Polarstern; PS2489-2; PS2489-2TC; PS28; PS28/256; TC; Trigger corer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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  • 13
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    Age determinations and sedimentology on cores GIK17940 and 184-1144 (2001)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bühring, Christian (2001): East Asian Monsoon variability on orbital- and millennial-to-sub-decadal time scales. PhD Thesis, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany, 164 pp, urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-diss-5231
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Sedimentological, geochemical and paleomagnetic records were employed to reconstruct the history of East Asian Monsoon variability in the South China Sea (SCS) on orbital- and millennial-to-sub-decadal time scales. A detailed magnetostratigraphy for the southern central SCS was established as well as a stable isotope stratigraphy for ODP Site 1144 for the last 1.2 million years in the northern South China Sea. Furthermore a volcanic tephra layer from the southern central SCS could be identified as the Youngest Toba Ash, which thus re-presents an important age marker and was used to reconstruct paleo wind directions during the eruption 74 ka. Special attention was paid to the high- and ultrahigh-frequency variability in the last glacial-interglacial cycle and the Holocene, and to a precise age control of climate changes in general.
    Keywords: 184-1144; 184-1144A; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; GIK/IfG; GIK17940-2; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Institute for Geosciences, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel; Joides Resolution; Leg184; MONITOR MONSUN; SL; SO95; Sonne; South China Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 14
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    Physical properties of sediment cores from the Iberian Continental Slope (2000)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Heilemann, Kristina (2000): Hydrodynamische Änderungen des Mittelmeerausstromwassers und deren Abbildung in den Sedimenten des Iberischen Kontinentalhangs. PhD Thesis, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany, 88 pp, urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-diss-4229
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Climatic changes cause alterations in circulation patterns of the world oceans. The highly saline Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW), built within the Mediterranean Sea crosses the Strait of Gibraltar in westerly directions, turning north-westward to stick to the Iberian Slope within 600-1500m water depths. Circulation pattern and current speed of the MOW are strongly influenced by climatically induced variations and thus control sedimentation processes along the South- and West - Iberian Continental Slope. Sedimentation characteristics of the investigated area are therefore suitable to reconstruct temporal hydrodynamic changes of the MOW. Detailed investigations on the silt-sized grain distribution, physical properties and hydroacoustic data were performed to recalculate paleo-current-velocities and to understand the sedimentation history in the Golf of Cadiz and the Portuguese Continental Slope. A time model based on d18Odata and 14C-datings of planktic foraminifera allowed the stratigraphical classification of the core material and thus the dating of the current induced sediment layers showing the variations of paleo-current intensities. The evaluation and interpretation of the gathered data sets enabled us to reconstruct lateral and temporal sedimentation patterns of the MOW for the Holocene and the late Pleistocene, back to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).
    Keywords: GEOMAR; Giant box corer; GKG; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Gravity corer (Russian type); Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel; M39/1; M39/1_02-5; M39/1_02-6; M39/1_03-3; M39/1_04-3; M39/1_08-3; M39/1_15-3; M39/1_16-3; M39/1_17-3; M39/1_18-2; M39/1_22-4; M39/1_29-4; M39/1_29-7; M39/1_29-8; M39/1_36-2; M39/1_36-4; M39/1_37-1; M39/1_58-2; M39/1_59-2; M39008-3; M39016-3; M39017-3; M39022-4; M39029-4; M39029-7; M39029-8; M39036-2; M39058-2; M39059-2; Meteor (1986); RGC; SL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 18 datasets
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  • 15
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    Radiolarian-based paleotemperatures of ODP Site 177-1089 in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean (2002)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Cortese, Giuseppe; Abelmann, Andrea (2002): Radiolarian-based paleotemperatures during the last 160 kyrs at ODP Site 1089 (Southern Ocean, Atlantic Sector). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 182(3-4), 259-286, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00499-0
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Two cores, Site 1089 (ODP Leg 177) and PS2821-1, recovered from the same location (40°56'S; 9°54'E) at the Subtropical Front (STF) in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean, provide a high-resolution climatic record, with an average temporal resolution of less than 600 yr. A multi-proxy approach was used to produce an age model for Core PS2821-1, and to correlate the two cores. Both cores document the last climatic cycle, from Marine Isotopic Stage 6 (MIS 6, ca. 160 kyr BP, ka) to present. Summer sea-surface temperatures (SSSTs) have been estimated, with a standard error of ca. +/-1.16°C, for the down core record by using Q-mode factor analysis (Imbrie and Kipp method). The paleotemperatures show a 7°C warming at Termination II (last interglacial, transition from MIS 6 to MIS 5). This transition from glacial to interglacial paleotemperatures (with maximum temperatures ca. 3°C warmer than present at the core location) occurs earlier than the corresponding shift in delta18O values for benthic foraminifera from the same core; this suggests a lead of Southern Ocean paleotemperature changes compared to the global ice-volume changes, as indicated by the benthic isotopic record. The climatic evolution of the record continues with a progressive temperature deterioration towards MIS 2. High-frequency, millennial-scale climatic instability has been documented for MIS 3 and part of MIS 4, with sudden temperature variations of almost the same magnitude as those observed at the transitions between glacial and interglacial times. These changes occur during the same time interval as the Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles recognized in the delta18Oice record of the GRIP and GISP ice cores from Greenland, and seem to be connected to rapid changes in the STF position in relation to the core location. Sudden cooling episodes ('Younger Dryas (YD)-type' and 'Antarctic Cold Reversal (ACR)-type' of events) have been recognized for both Termination I (ACR-I and YD-I events) and II (ACR-II and YD-II events), and imply that our core is located in an optimal position in order to record events triggered by phenomena occurring in both hemispheres. Spectral analysis of our SSST record displays strong analogies, particularly for high, sub-orbital frequencies, to equivalent records from Vostok (Antarctica) and from the Subtropical North Atlantic ocean. This implies that the climatic variability of widely separated areas (the Antarctic continent, the Subtropical North Atlantic, and the Subantarctic South Atlantic) can be strongly coupled and co-varying at millennial time scales (a few to 10-ka periods), and eventually induced by the same triggering mechanisms. Climatic variability has also been documented for supposedly warm and stable interglacial intervals (MIS 1 and 5), with several cold events which can be correlated to other Southern Ocean and North Atlantic sediment records.
    Keywords: 177-1089; Agulhas Basin; Agulhas Ridge; ANT-IV/3; ANT-IV/4; ANT-IX/2; ANT-IX/4; ANT-VIII/3; ANT-VIII/6; ANT-X/5; ANT-XI/2; ANT-XI/4; Astrid Ridge; Atka Bay; Atlantic Ridge; AWI_Paleo; Brazil Basin; Cape Basin; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Filchner Shelf; Fram Strait; GeoB2004-1; GeoB2007-1; GeoB2008-1; GeoB2016-3; GeoB2018-1; GeoB2019-2; GeoB2021-4; GeoB2022-3; Giant box corer; GKG; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Indian-Antarctic Ridge; Joides Resolution; Lazarev Sea; Leg177; M23/1; Maud Rise; Meteor (1986); Meteor Rise; MIC; MiniCorer; MSN; MUC; MultiCorer; Multiple opening/closing net; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; PLA; Plankton net; Polarstern; PS08; PS08/356; PS08/364; PS08/365; PS08/374; PS08/610; PS1380-1; PS1386-1; PS1387-1; PS1394-1; PS1455-4; PS16; PS16/267; PS16/271; PS16/281; PS16/294; PS16/306; PS16/311; PS16/316; PS16/321; PS16/323; PS16/329; PS16/334; PS16/337; PS16/342; PS16/345; PS16/351; PS16/354; PS16/362; PS16/366; PS16/372; PS16/507; PS16/518; PS16/534; PS16/540; PS16/547; PS16/557; PS1751-2; PS1752-5; PS1755-1; PS1759-1; PS1765-1; PS1768-1; PS1771-4; PS1772-2; PS1773-2; PS1774-1; PS1775-5; PS1776-6; PS1777-7; PS1778-1; PS1779-3; PS1780-1; PS1782-6; PS1783-2; PS1786-2; PS18; PS18/055; PS18/075; PS18/084; PS18/088; PS18/092; PS18/096; PS18/229; PS18/232; PS18/236; PS18/237; PS18/238; PS18/239; PS18/241; PS18/244; PS18/261; PS18/262; PS18/263; PS18/267; PS1805-5; PS18 06AQANTIX_2; PS1813-3; PS1821-5; PS1823-1; PS1825-5; PS1831-5; PS1957-1; PS1967-1; PS1973-1; PS1975-1; PS1977-1; PS1979-1; PS2073-1; PS2076-1; PS2080-1; PS2081-1; PS2082-3; PS2083-2; PS2084-2; PS2087-1; PS2103-2; PS2104-2; PS2105-2; PS2109-3; PS22/690; PS22 06AQANTX_5; PS2254-1; PS2256-4; PS2487-2; PS2488-1; PS2489-4; PS2491-4; PS2492-1; PS2493-3; PS2494-1; PS2495-1; PS2496-2; PS2498-2; PS2557-2; PS2560-3; PS2561-1; PS2562-1; PS2563-3; PS2564-2; PS28; PS28/236; PS28/243; PS28/256; PS28/264; PS28/277; PS28/280; PS28/289; PS28/293; PS28/298; PS28/304; PS30; PS30/004; PS30/023; PS30/030; PS30/038; PS30/043; PS30/048; Shona Ridge; SL; South African margin; South Atlantic; South Atlantic Ocean; South Sandwich Basin; South Sandwich Islands; South Sandwich Trough; Water sample; Weddell Sea; WS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 16
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    Velocities and elastic moduli of basalts from Pacific DSDP sites (1973)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Christensen, Nikolas I; Salisbury, Matthew H (1973): Velocities, elastic moduli and weathering-age relations for Pacific Layer 2 basalts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 19(4), 461-470, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(73)90190-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Compressional (Vp) and shear (Vs) wave velocities have been measured to 10 kb in 32 cores of basalt from 14 Pacific sites of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Both Vp and V s show wide ranges (3.70 to 6.38 km/sec for Vp and 1.77 to 3.40 km/sec for V s at 0.5 kb) which are linearly related to density and sea floor age, confirming earlier findings by Christensen and Salisbury of decreasing velocity with progressive submarine weathering based on studies of basalts from five sites in the Atlantic. Combined Pacific and Atlantic data give rates of decreasing velocity of -1.89 and -1.35 km/sec per 100 my for Vp and Vs respectively. New analyses of oceanic seismic refraction data indicate a decrease in layer 2 velocities with age similar to that observed in the laboratory, suggesting that weathering penetrates to several hundred meters in many regions and is largely responsible for the extreme range and variability of layer 2 refraction velocities.
    Keywords: 5-32; 5-34; 5-36; 6-54; 6-57; 7-61; 7-61A; 7-63; 7-66; 9-77B; 9-79; 9-82; 9-83; 9-84; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg5; Leg6; Leg7; Leg9; North Pacific; North Pacific/BASIN; North Pacific/HILL; North Pacific/Philippine Sea/RIDGE; North Pacific/PLAIN; North Pacific/RIDGE; North Pacific/VALLEY
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 17
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    Basalt density, basement age, and intrusive/extrusive relations from DSDP Legs 2 through 7, 9, and 14 (1973)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Salisbury, Matthew H; Christensen, Nikolas I (1973): Progressive weathering of submarine basalt with age: further evidence of sea-floor spreading. Geology, 1(2), 63 - 64, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1%3C63:PWOSBW%3E2.0.CO;2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Densities of layer 2 basalt recovered during the Deep Sea Drilling Project have been found to decrease steadily with age, a finding ascribed to progressive submarine weathering in the context of sea-floor spreading. The least-squares solution for 52 density measurements gives a rate of decrease in density of (Delta p)/(Delta t) = -0.0046 g per ccm m.y. = -16 percent per 100 m.y., which is in excellent agreement with earlier estimates based on observed chemical depletion rates of dredged oceanic basalt. Weathering of sea-floor basalt, should it penetrate to any considerable depth in layer 2, will decrease layer 2 seismic refraction velocities, act as a source of geothermal heat, and substantially influence the chemistry of sea water and the overlying column of sediment.
    Keywords: 14-136; 14-137; 14-138; 14-141; 2-10; 3-14; 3-15; 3-18; 3-19; 4-23; 5-32; 5-36; 6-54; 6-57; 7-61; 7-63; 7-66; 9-77B; 9-79; 9-82; 9-83; 9-84; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg14; Leg2; Leg3; Leg4; Leg5; Leg6; Leg7; Leg9; North Atlantic/CONT RISE; North Atlantic/DIAPIR; North Atlantic/HILL; North Pacific; North Pacific/BASIN; North Pacific/HILL; North Pacific/Philippine Sea/RIDGE; North Pacific/PLAIN; North Pacific/RIDGE; North Pacific/VALLEY; South Atlantic/CONT RISE; South Atlantic/HILL; South Atlantic/PLAIN; South Atlantic/RIDGE
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 22 datasets
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  • 18
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    Chemical composition of East Pacific Rise basal sediments (1976)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London | Supplement to: Cronan, David S (1976): Basal metalliferous sediments from the eastern Pacific. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 87(6), 928-934, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87%3C928:BMSFTE%3E2.0.CO;2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Analyses by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and spark-source mass spectrography of 25 basal metalliferous sediment units from widely spaced locations on the western flank of the East Pacific Rise show that the deposits are enriched relative to normal pelagic sediment in Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, and many trace elements. The elements are partitioned differently between the various mineralogic constituents of the sediment, with Fe and Mn largely in separate phases and many of the remaining elements primarily associated with reducible ferromanganese oxide minerals but also with iron minerals and other phases. Most of the iron in the deposits is probably of volcanic origin, and much of the manganese and minor elements is derived from sea water. The bulk composition of the deposits varies with age; this is thought to be due to variations in the incidence of volcanic activity at the East Pacific Rise crest where the deposits were formed.
    Keywords: 16-162; 5-37; 5-38; 5-39; 7-66; 8-74; 8-75; 9-77B; 9-78; 9-80; 9-82; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Glomar Challenger; Leg16; Leg5; Leg7; Leg8; Leg9; North Pacific/BASIN; North Pacific/CONT RISE; North Pacific/HILL; South Pacific/BASIN; South Pacific/CONT RISE; South Pacific/VALLEY
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 19
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    Age models and stable isotopes of sediment cores from the northern seas (1992)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Köhler, Sabine E I (1992): Spätquartäre paläo-ozeanographische Entwicklung des Nordpolarmeeres anhand von Sauerstoff- und Kohlenstoff-Isotopenverhältnissen der planktischen Foraminifere. GEOMAR Report, GEOMAR Research Center for Marine Geosciences, Christian Albrechts University in Kiel, 13, 104 pp
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Oxygen and carbon isotope measurements were carried out on tests of planktic foraminifers N. pachyderma (sin.) from eight sediment cores taken from the eastern Arctic Ocean, the Fram Strait, and the lceland Sea, in order to reconstruct Arctic Ocean and Norwegian-Greenland Sea circulation patterns and ice covers during the last 130,000 years. In addition, the influence of ice, temperature and salinity effects on the isotopic signal was quantified. Isotope measurements on foraminifers from sediment surface samples were used to elucidate the ecology of N. pachyderma (sin.). Changes in the oxygen and carbon isotope composition of N. pachyderma (sin.) from sediment surface samples document the horizontal and vertical changes of water mass boundaries controlled by water temperature and salinity, because N. pachyderma (sin.) shows drastic changes in depth habitats, depending on the water mass properties. It was able to be shown that in the investigated areas a regional and spatial apparent increase of the ice effect occurred. This happened especially during the termination I by direct advection of meltwaters from nearby continents or during the termination and in interglacials by supply of isotopically light water from rivers. A northwardly proceeding overprint of the 'global' ice effect, increasing from the Norwegian-Greenland Sea to the Arctic Ocean, was not able to be demonstrated. By means of a model the influence of temperature and salinity on the global ice volume signal during the last 130,000 years was recorded. In combination with the results of this study, the model was the basis for a reconstruction of the paleoceanographic development of the Arctic Ocean and the Norwegian-Greenland Sea during this time interval. The conception of a relatively thick and permanent sea ice cover in the Nordic Seas during glacial times should be replaced by the model of a seasonally and regionally highly variable ice cover. Only during isotope stage 5e may there have been a local deep water formation in the Fram Strait.
    Keywords: 49-08; 49-13; 49-14; 49-15; 49-18; 49-20; 49-39; 49-43; 49-50; 52-04; 52-09; 52-14; 52-24; 52-28; 52-30; 52-33; 52-37; 52-38; 57-04; 57-06; 57-07; 57-08; 57-09; 57-10; 57-11; 57-12; 57-13; 57-14; 57-20; 58-08; Antarctic Ocean; Arctic Ocean; ARK-I/3; ARK-II/4; ARK-II/5; ARK-IV/3; ARK-VII/1; BC; Box corer; BS88/6_10B; BS88/6_3; BS88/6_4; BS88/6_6; BS88/6_7; BS88/6_8; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; Fram Strait; GEOMAR; Giant box corer; GIK13123-1; GIK13124-1; GIK13131-1; GIK13138-1; GIK13140-3; GIK13147-1; GIK13150-1; GIK16129-1; GIK16130-1; GIK16132-1; GIK16136-1; GIK16141-1; GIK16142-1; GIK16144-1; GIK16911-1; GIK16916-1; GIK16917-1; GIK16921-1; GIK21513-9 PS11/276-9; GIK21515-10 PS11/280-10; GIK21519-11 PS11/296-11; GIK21520-10 PS11/310-10; GIK21522-19 PS11/358-19; GIK21523-15 PS11/362-15; GIK21524-1 PS11/364-1; GIK21525-2 PS11/365-2; GIK21525-3 PS11/365-3; GIK21527-10 PS11/371-10; GIK21528-7 PS11/372-7; GIK21529-7 PS11/376-7; GIK21533-3 PS11/412; GIK21534-6 PS11/423-6; GIK21535-5 PS11/430-5; GIK21535-8 PS11/430-8; GIK21845-2 PS17/010; GIK21852-1 PS17/018; GIK23037-2; GIK23038-3; GIK23039-3; GIK23040-3; GIK23041-1; GIK23042-1; GIK23043-1; GIK23055-2; GIK23056-2; GIK23057-2; GIK23058-1; GIK23059-2; GIK23061-3; GIK23062-3; GIK23064-2; GIK23065-2; GIK23066-2; GIK23067-2; GIK23068-2; GIK23069-2; GIK23071-2; GIK23072-2; GIK23074-3; GIK23215-1 PS03/215; GIK23227-1 PS05/412; GIK23228-1 PS05/413; GIK23229-1 PS05/414; GIK23230-1 PS05/416; GIK23231-1 PS05/417; GIK23233-1 PS05/420; GIK23235-1 PS05/422; GIK23237-1 PS05/425; GIK23238-1 PS05/426; GIK23239-1 PS05/427; GIK23240-1 PS05/428; GIK23241-1 PS05/429; GIK23242-1 PS05/430; GIK23243-1 PS05/431; GIK23244-1 PS05/449; GIK23247-1 PS05/452; GIK-cruise; GKG; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Håkon Mosby; Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel; HM49; HM49-08; HM49-13; HM49-14; HM49-15; HM49-18; HM49-20; HM49-39; HM49-43; HM49-50; HM52; HM52-04; HM52-09; HM52-14; HM52-24; HM52-28; HM52-30; HM52-33; HM52-37; HM52-38; HM57; HM57-04; HM57-06; HM57-07; HM57-08; HM57-09; HM57-10; HM57-11; HM57-12; HM57-13; HM57-14; HM57-20; HM58; HM58-08; HM82/83; Iceland Sea; KAL; Kasten corer; KOL; Kolbeinsey Ridge; M107-1; M2/1; M2/2; Meteor (1986); Nansen Basin; Norwegian-Greenland Sea/off Iceland; Norwegian Sea; Piston corer (Kiel type); PO158/A; Polarstern; POS158/1; POS158/1-GEOM_01/1-GKG; POS158/1-GEOM_03/1-GKG; POS158/1-GEOM_04/1-GKG; POS158/1-GEOM_06/1-GKG; Poseidon; PS03; PS05; PS11; PS1126-1; PS1227-1; PS1228-1; PS1229-1; PS1230-1; PS1231-1; PS1233-1; PS1235-1; PS1237-1; PS1238-1; PS1239-1; PS1240-1; PS1241-1; PS1242-1; PS1243-1; PS1244-1; PS1247-1; PS1513-9; PS1515-10; PS1519-11; PS1520-10; PS1522-19; PS1523-15; PS1524-1; PS1525-2; PS1525-3; PS1527-10; PS1528-7; PS1529-7; PS1533-3; PS1534-6; PS1535-5; PS1535-8; PS17; PS1845-2; PS1852-1; Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North; QUEEN; SL; Svalbard; Voering Plateau; Voring Plateau; Yermak Plateau
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 31 datasets
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  • 20
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    Paleotemperatures, stable isotopes and alkenones of samples from the South Atlantic (1999)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Andersen, Nils; Müller, Peter J; Kirst, Georg; Schneider, Ralph R (1999): Alkenone d13C as a Proxy for Past PCO2 in Surface Waters: Results from the Late Quaternary Angola Current. In: Fischer, G & Wefer, G (eds.), Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography - Examples from the South Atlantic, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 469-488
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Carbon dioxide is one of the most important greenhouse gases which are increasing in atmospheric concentration due to human activities. For using natural CO2 dynamics as a key to understanding the climatic consequences of anthropogenic pCO2 rise, the ocean plays an important role due to its much larger carbon pool compared to the atmosphere. By studying the ratio of stable carbon isotopes in organic matter from marine sediments, it is possible to estimate the partial pressure of CO2 in surface waters during ancient times. The organic compound C37:2 alkenone, whose sole origin is from autotrophic marine algae, was chosen for d13C analysis and its isotopic composition used to reconstruct past PCO2 levels in the surface layer of the eastern Angola Basin for the last 200,000 years. In addition to the variation of ancient concentrations of dissolved CO2 ([CO2(aq)] = ce), the effect of carbon demand which depends on algal growth rate was considered. Here to, carbon isotopic fractionation of C37:2 alkenones (ep) in core-top sediments from the equatorial and the South Atlantic was calibrated against pre-industrial [CO2(aq)] and phosphate concentrations in surface waters. From these data, a variable b = (25 per mil - ep) * ce which reflects intracellular carbon demand was calculated. This variable b correlates with the ambient concentration of seawater phosphate and depends on growth rates. The bulk sediment d15N was used as a proxy parameter for calculating ancient b-values, taking into account that d15N in core-top sediments is correlated to phosphate concentration in modern surface waters. On this basis, the alkenone d13C record of GeoB1016-3 documents a permanent oceanic source for atmospheric carbon dioxide during the last 200,000 years. As a consequence of using d15N derived b-values instead of b = constant, the Angola Basin appears to have been an even stronger CO2 source during glacial periods than at present. Qualitatively similar results were reported by Jasper et al. (1994) for the central Equatorial Pacific. These observations suggest that enhanced productivity of low-latitude upwelling areas during glacial periods is not responsible for the lower CO2 content of the glacial atmosphere.
    Keywords: Amazon Fan; Angola Basin; B_LANDER; Bottom lander; Brazil Basin; GeoB; GeoB1008-6; GeoB1016-3; GeoB1501-1; GeoB1503-2; GeoB1505-3; GeoB1508-1; GeoB1515-2; GeoB1703-5; GeoB1706-1; GeoB1711-2; GeoB1719-5; GeoB1903-1; GeoB2102-1; GeoB2125-2; GeoB2215-8; Geosciences, University of Bremen; Giant box corer; GIK17843-1; GKG; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M16/2; M20/2; M23/2; M23/3; M6/6; Meteor (1986); Mid Atlantic Ridge; MUC; MultiCorer; Namibia Continental Margin; Namibia continental slope; off Kunene; SFB261; SL; SO84; Sonne; South Atlantic in Late Quaternary: Reconstruction of Budget and Currents; ST. HELENA HOTSPOT; Walvis Ridge
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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