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Interglacial Antarctic–Southern Ocean climate decoupling due to moisture source area shifts (2021)

Landais, A. ; Stenni, B. ; Masson-Delmotte, V. ; [weitere]

Springer Nature

In: EPIC3Nature Geoscience, Springer Nature, ISSN: 1752-0894

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-12-15

Beschreibung: Succession of cold glacials and warm interglacials during the Quaternary results from large global climate responses to variable orbital configurations, accompanied by fluctuating greenhouse gas concentrations. Despite the influences of sea ice and atmospheric and ocean circulations in the Southern Ocean on atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate, past changes in this region remain poorly documented. Here, we present the 800 ka deuterium excess record from the East Antarctica EPICA Dome C ice core, tracking sea surface temperature in evaporative regions of the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean from which moisture precipitated in East Antarctica is derived. We find that low obliquity leads to surface warming in evaporative moisture source regions during each glacial inception, although this relative temperature increase is counterbalanced by global cooling during glacial maxima. Links between the two regions during interglacials depends on the existence of a temperature maximum at the interglacial onset. In its absence, temperature maxima in the evaporative moisture source regions and in East Antarctica were synchronous. For the other interglacials, temperature maxima in the source areas lag early local temperature maxima by several thousand years, probably because of a change in the position of the evaporative source areas.

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: Article , isiRev

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Selective feeding in Southern Ocean key grazers—diet composition of krill and salps (2021)

Pauli, Nora-Charlotte ; Metfies, Katja ; Pakhomov, Evgeny A. ; [weitere]

Springer Nature

In: EPIC3Communications Biology, Springer Nature, 4(1), ISSN: 2399-3642

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-12-15

Beschreibung: Over the past decades, two key grazers in the Southern Ocean (SO), krill and salps, have experienced drastic changes in their distribution and abundance, leading to increasing overlap of their habitats. Both species occupy different ecological niches and long-term shifts in their distributions are expected to have cascading effects on the SO ecosystem. However, studies directly comparing krill and salps are lacking. Here, we provide a direct comparison of the diet and fecal pellet composition of krill and salps using 18S metabarcoding and fatty acid markers. Neither species’ diet reflected the composition of the plankton community, suggesting that in contrast to the accepted paradigm, not only krill but also salps are selective feeders. Moreover, we found that krill and salps had broadly similar diets, potentially enhancing the competition between both species. This could be augmented by salps’ ability to rapidly reproduce in favorable conditions, posing further risks to krill populations.

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: Article , peerRev

Format: application/pdf

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