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  • Articles  (185)
  • yield  (185)
  • Springer  (185)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (185)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yield and growth response to potassium of grain sorghum as influenced by variety in a savanna soil of Nigeria (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 16 (1988), S. 217-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Potassium fertilization ; grain sorghum ; savanna soil ; yield ; growth ; varietal difference ; Nigeria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Field trials were conducted at Samaru over a three-year period (1980–82) to study the yield, growth and nutrient concentration of three grain sorghum varieties (L. 187, SK5912 and FFBL) in relation to potassium fertilization in a savanna soil. Potassium application rates were 0, 25, 50 and 75 kg K ha−1. Year × potassium interactions were not significant although there were significant variety × K interactions. The highest grain yields for var. L.187, SK5912 and FFBL occurred from the application of 25, 50 and 75 kg K ha−1 respectively. Straw yield was generally increased by K application, which also promoted tillering and hastened flowering in grain sorghum. Although grain weight per head, head number per m2, grain number and 1000-grain weight were unaffected by this nutrient, weight per head was reduced by 22.8 per cent. K application enhanced N concentration of sorghum plants but caused decline in P concentration. The highest K rate gave the highest K concentration in each of the three varieties at 7 weeks after planting. Optimum K requirement of grain sorghum would seem to be between 25 and 50 kg K ha−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01051372
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen and potassium requirement of pineapple in relation to irrigation in Nigeria (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 15 (1988), S. 203-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: irrigation ; pineapples ; nitrogen ; potassium ; yield ; Nigeria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The investigation studied the effect of fertilization with four nitrogen levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 kg/ha), four potassium levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 kg/ha) and four irrigation treatments (0, 3, 7 and 14-day interval) on the growth and yield of smooth Cayenne pineapples. Increasing irrigation frequency increased growth parameters of number of leaves, D-leaf length and days to 50% flowering. Fruit weight was highest at N = 150 kg/ha, K = 200 kg/ ha and irrigation once a week. Higher N levels (beyond 150 kg/ha) applied after the plant crop has been harvested did not further enhance yields of the ratoon crop. For K = 200 kg/ha potential and harvested yields were reduced in all irrigation treatments when N 〉 150 kg/ha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01051342
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental validation of an N-response model for widely different crops (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 18 (1988), S. 153-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Simulation ; yield ; N-content ; vegetables ; inter-species variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A simulation model, developed from a previously published one generally gave a reasonably good description of the effects of N-fertilizer on plant dry weight and N-content of 12 different vegetable crops grown in 26 experiments on separate sites within the same field. Apart from standard weather and soil data, the model required as inputs, the maximum yield of dry matter, the fractional recovery of N by the crop (with minimum fertilizer), the plant mass and N content (at the time of planting or drilling), the dates of planting or drilling and of harvest. Simulations always started from the previous autumn. A constant value of soil mineral-N at that time and the same temperature dependent mineralization was assumed for all experiments. The validity of the model was tested by a range of statistical procedures. In 19 out of the 26 experiments there were no detectable trends in the deviations of the simulated from the measured dry matter yields with increase in fertilizer-N. The model over-estimated the %N in the dry matter of some crops at the highest level of fertilizer-N and was unsatisfactory for one of the crops. With these exceptions, the sum of squares of the differences between measured and simulated %N was 22% of the sum of squares of the measured values above the mean. When N-fertilizer was withheld, the average N-uptake over all experiments was 69 kg N ha−1, whereas that simulated was 59 kg N ha−1; the average difference between simulated and measured uptake for each experiment was 20 kg N ha−1. Simplification of the model by incorporating the same relationship between critical %N and plant weight for all crops did not lead to appreciable loss of accuracy. A user-friendly version of the model has been compiled so that it will run on IBM-compatible microcomputers with outputs that can be coupled with high level graphics packages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049511
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Very high applications of nitrogen fertilizer on grassland and residual effects in the following season (1981)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 2 (1981), S. 309-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: residual nitrogen ; grassland ; nitrogen fertilization ; soil mineral nitrogen ; yield ; nitrogen uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract At very high nitrogen applications (480 and more kg N ha−1 yr−1) in field trials on all-grass swards the amount of N applied exceeded the amount of N harvested. In the humid temperate climate of the Netherlands in the subsequent spring approximately 25, 40, and 50% of this excess nitrogen was recovered as accumulated mineral nitrogen in the 0–100 cm layer of sandy, clay and heavy clay soil, respectively. The effect of this excess nitrogen on growth during the subsequent season was measured through the increase in DM and N yield over a reference treatment. In this season all treatments received a uniform application (40 kg N ha−1 cut−1). Residual effects were absent on sandy soil but distinct on the clay soils. On the clay soils each accumulated kg soil mineral nitrogen produced 15 kg DM. Assuming a relatively small contribution of residual nitrogen carried over in stubble, roots and organic matter, the accumulated soil mineral nitrogen would seem to be as effective as applied fertilizer nitrogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01050202
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertilizer use and food production: World scene (1981)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 2 (1981), S. 33-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: energy ; models ; N-fixation ; nutrients ; re-cycling ; yield ; food production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Cereal yield per ha in the different countries of the world is almost proportional to the rate of fertilizer application. Yields in countries where most people live are severely limited by nutrient deficiencies. Unless steps are taken to rectify these deficiencies, crop yields will always be very poor, even if other improved agronomic practices are adopted. Much fertilizer is at present wasted because of difficulties in forecasting how to adjust levels and methods of application for differences in conditions. More widespread adoption of ‘mechanistic’ approaches to studying the problems than hitherto offers opportunities for improvement. Considerable scope also exists for saving fertilizer by more re-cycling of nutrients, by greater biological-N fixation and by the adoption of better cropping sequences. Only a minute fraction of the present consumption of fossil energy in the world is needed to manufacture all the required fertilizer. Adequate supplies of potassium and phosphate minerals probably exist to meet demand. The major problems in the future are likely to arise from the fact that essential resources are very unevenly distributed in relation to where they are needed to grow food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01072876
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of three sorghum varieties to N supply and plant density in a tropical environment (1989)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 21 (1989), S. 67-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Sorghum bicolor L. ; nitrogen nutrition ; yield ; plant density ; grain quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Field trials were conducted at Samaru, Nigeria to investigate the growth, yield and grain quality response of three grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) varieties (L. 187, SK 5912 and FFBL) to N fertilization under varying plant densities (33300, 50000 or 66600 plants ha−1). Year × N interactions were significant for yield components and so were variety × N and variety × plant density interactions. Grain yield increased 41, 42, and 126% with application of 60 kg N ha−1, the optimum N rate, a response which was associated with variations in grain weight per panicle, panicle weight and grain number. Varieties SK 5912 and FFBL produced more straw in response to added N than did var. L. 187 while yield components in var. SK 5912 and L.187 responded better than those in var. FFBL. Yield components declined in var. SK 5912 and L. 187 as plant density was increased to either 50000 or 66600 plants ha−1. Grain crude protein (CP) content and protein yield were increased 8 and 52% respectively by 60 kg N ha−1 but CP content declined as plant density was increased. Grain tannin content was virtually unaffected by increasing N supply. Optimum plant density for grain sorghum production in this environment is in the range of 50000 plants ha−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01080532
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the concentrated pig slurry on soil and corn fodder yield and chemical composition in presence of N top dressing (1995)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 45 (1995), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: chemical composition ; concentrated pig slurry ; corn fodder ; sandy soil ; yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A pot experiment was carried out using corn plants (Zea mays L.), in order to define the possible utilization of the concentrated pig slurry as an organic fertilizer, avoiding soil pollution caused by its chemical composition. Results obtained showed that on a slightly loamy coarse sand soil an amount of 40 t ha−1 on fresh weight basis of concentrated pig slurry can eventually substitute mineral nitrogen and phosphate fertilization at planting. The effects of increasing amounts of this organic fertilizer on soil characteristics and corn fodder composition were also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00749878
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of soil-fertilizer P reaction products and their evaluation as sources of P for gram (Cicer arietinum L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 46 (1996), S. 71-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: ammonium poly-phosphate ; diammonium orthophosphate ; fertilizer reaction ; gram ; Indian soils ; phosphorus ; P uptake ; single superphosphate ; triple superphosphate ; yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Laboratory studies on the characterization of soil-fertilizer P reaction products were carried out by reacting three-soils occurring in a toposequence in the plateau region of Bihar (India) with saturated solutions of diammonium orthophosphate (DAP), triple superphosphate (TSP) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) for 1 hour and 24 hours. The reaction products (precipitates) formed in the solutions after 120 days of incubation were isolated and identified through X-ray diffraction technique. Results indicate the formation of Brushite [CaHPO4 · 2H2O, Strengite (FePO4 · 2H2O), Variscite (AIPO4 · 2H2O) and Fe4(P2O7)3 as major soil-fertilizer P reaction products in these soils with ortho-and polyphosphates as source of phosphorus. Pot cultures were used to evaluate the relative efficiency of reaction products (Struvite, Brushite, Variscite and Strengite), orthophosphates (DAP and SSP) and polyphosphate (APP) as sources of P for gram (Cicer arietinum L.) in a typical acid soil. Results indicate significant response of gram to different sources and level of added P. The dry weight and P uptake at 0, 6 and 12 mg P kg-1 soil were 0.406, 0.519 and 0.609 (g pot-1); and 0.289, 0.428 and 0.575 (mg P pot-1), respectively. Among the sources , struvite proved to be superior or equally effective as APP, DAP or SSP as sources of P for gram. Uptake of P also varied significantly with different P sources and levels of P application. Strengite was least effective in enhancing yield and P uptake by the crop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210225
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of foliar supplements of potassium nitrate and urea on the yield of winter wheat (1995)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 44 (1995), S. 217-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: foliar fertilizer ; nitrate ; potassium ; urea ; wheat ; yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Winter wheat crops were grown with ostensibly adequate supplies of all soil nutrients in 1990 and 1991 with the aim of testing if late foliar supplements of K and N, applied at key development stages, could improve grain yield and grain N content. Foliar sprays of KNO3 solution, supplying up to 40 kg K ha−1 in total, at flag leaf unfolded, inflorescence completed and the watery-ripe stage of grain filling, had no effect on yield, yield components or grain N. Urea, supplying 40 kg N ha−1 at flag leaf unfolded, had no effects on grain yield and grain N in 1990, but in 1991 grain N was increased by 0.14% whilst yield was reduced by up to 0.6 t ha−1. Urea scorched flag leaf tips in both years. In 1990, the spring was very dry and foliar supplements might have been expected to have had an effect, but on this highly fertile soil all crop K and N requirements were met from the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750928
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of two okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) varieties to fertilizers: Yield and yield components as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorus application (1985)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 6 (1985), S. 257-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: nitrogen ; okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) ; phosphorus ; yield ; yield components
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The response of two okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) varieties (‘White velvet’ and ‘NHAE 47-4’) to fertilization in northern Nigeria was examined using four rates of nitrogen (0, 25, 50 and 100 kg ha−1) and three rates of phosphorus (0, 13 and 26 kg ha−1). Nitrogen application significantly increased green pod yield, pod diameter, number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per pod and pod weight. Application of phosphorus also significantly increased green pod yield, pod number and number of seeds per pod. The two varieties responded to nitrogen application differentially with respect to green pod yield. For optimum green pod yield of ‘White velvet’ 35 kg N ha−1 is suggested while for variety ‘NHAE 47-4’, N fertilization can be increased to 70 kg ha−1. There was no differential response of varieties to phosphorus fertilization for green pod yield; however, the application of 13 kg ha−1 enhanced the performance of both varieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048799
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