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  • American Institute of Physics  (37.419)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (28.447)
  • 1985-1989  (65.866)
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  • 1
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    Sound velocity as a function of depth in marine sediments (1985)
    American Institute of Physics
    In:  Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 78 (4). pp. 1348-1355.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-07-16
    Beschreibung: Additional data from sonobuoys and the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) justify separating sound‐velocity‐depth functions and velocity gradients (in the first layer of soft marine sediments) into some geographic areas and sediment types. Based on sonobuoy and core measurements (where V is sound velocity in km/s, and h is depth in sediments in km), the following data are obtained: continental shelf basins off Sumatra and Java—V=1.484+0.710h−0.085h2; U. S. Atlantic continental rise—V=1.513+0.828h−0.138h2; deep‐sea terrigenous sediments—V=1.519+1.227h−0.473h2; and siliceous sediments of the Bering Sea— V=1.509+0.869h−0.267h2. Selected DSDP data (through leg 74) in similar areas yield: continental terrace silt–clays—V=1.505+0.712h; deep‐sea terrigenous sediments—V=1.510+1.019h; and deep‐sea siliceous sediments—V=1.533+0.761h. Computed velocity gradients from sonobuoy measurements are generally supported by the DSDP gradients. Only DSDP data give the following: hemipelagic sediments—V=1.501+1.151h; deep‐sea calcareous sediments—V=1.541+0.928h; and deep‐sea pelagic clay—V=1.526+1.046h. Where fast sediment accumulation occurs, there has not been enough time to reduce sediment pore spaces under overburden pressure; areas of slow accumulation may have relatively high sediment structural strength. Both cases have lower velocity gradients because higher porosities and consequent lower velocities persist to deeper depths.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Measurements of the acoustic backscatter of manganese nodules (1985)
    American Institute of Physics
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 78 (6). pp. 2115-2121.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-05-11
    Beschreibung: The acoustic backscatter of eight well‐curated ferromanganese nodules has been measured in 1 °C seawater at frequencies from 45 to 167 kHz. The nodules have diameters from 37 to 121 mm and are thought to be representative of the Cu–Ni–Co‐rich nodules from the area around 14° 40’ N, 125° 25’ W (DOMES site C). They had been collected in box cores on the Echo 1 expedition and were kept refrigerated and water soaked in air‐tight plastic bags. Acoustic backscatter variations of over 10 dB were observed while the nodule was rotated 10° to 30° about one of its principal axes. The complicated fine structure, as well as the target strength, makes it clear that nodules cannot be modeled as simple spheres.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
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    A method to measure the susceptibility of pasture soils to poaching by cattle (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 1 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract. A new method of measuring susceptibility to poaching is described, based on the concept that poaching is caused by a progressive loss of soil strength during repeated treading in wet weather. Susceptibility was measured by the rate of loss of strength in response to concurrent treading and irrigation at standard rates. The pressures exerted on the ground by a walking dairy cow were simulated by a purpose-built penetrometer, whilst water was applied via a network of plastic pipes fitted with syringe needles. Measurements were performed on four pasture soils having a range of clay contents and compared in relation to a mechanism proposed for the process. The results show susceptibility to be a property not wholly determined by the clay content of the soil, but suggest that it is influenced by bulk density and the strength of the sward, which will van, according to weather and pasture management.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1985.tb00976.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Urea for topdressing winter cereals: an interim report (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 1 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1985.tb00663.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
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    The nitrate issue—a review (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 1 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: IT IS now almost two years since the Royal Society published its authoritative study group report, The Nitrogen Cycle of the UK, the first comprehensive account of the nitrate issue. For the first time a complete picture was revealed of the nitrogen cycle in the UK and the Study Group was able to make a wide-ranging series of recommendations for future research.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1985.tb00667.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Soil degradation and management under intensive sugarcane cultivation in North Queensland (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 1 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract. Sugarcane yields in the Herbert Valley in North Queensland have been declining over the past 15 years. Better yields are obtained where crops are grown on previously unused land. Soils under cane are more compacted, more acid, contain less organic matter and are lower in cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations. These differences reflect soil degradation caused by intensive cultivation.Contributing factors to the degradation of soils include soil compaction and structural breakdown occurring during harvest and cultivation operations, losses of organic matter due to burning of crop residues and acidification of soils due to large applications of nitrogen fertilizers.Soil management practices should aim to increase soil organic matter levels, provide a more favourable biological environment, reduce physical damage to soils during harvesting and cultivation, reduce soil acidity and improve the effectiveness of fertilizing practices.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1985.tb00972.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Assessment of soil erosion risk in England and Wales (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 1 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract. Information on rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility and land capability is combined to produce a map of England and Wales showing areas with a risk of soil erosion at rates above the soil loss tolerance level. About 20 500 km2 or 37% of the arable area is at risk. Given the shallow soils and current rates of erosion, sustained use of this area for cereal, sugar beet and vegetable production beyond the first quarter of the next century is threatened. A further 4000 km2 is at risk in non-arable areas, mainly associated with blanket peat in the uplands and with coastal sand dunes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1985.tb00974.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Review of information on lime loss and changes in soil pH gained from ADAS experiments (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 1 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract. Data on lime loss and soil acidification obtained from a range of ADAS experiments are reviewed. The trials, which include drainage and lysimeter studies and long-term liming, manuring and soil management experiments, indicate a wide range of annual lime losses, with maximum rates in excess of 1000 kg ha−1 CaCO3.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1985.tb00645.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Recent trends in lime use and soil pH in England and Wales (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 1 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract. Survey information on the use of lime in England and Wales between 1974 and 1983 shows year-to-year fluctutions but no marked trend. Areas limed per year are compared for different types of region and cropping, and estimates given of the percentages of agricultural soils by pH according to rotation type. There was no general change in soil acidity between 1969–73 and 1974–78 but recent data show some reductions in grassland pH.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1985.tb00646.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The acidity of Welsh soils (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 1 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract. The pH of soil surface horizons in Wales ranges from 3.5 to 7.5 and is significantly higher on agricultural land than under either rough grazing, unenclosed grassland or woodland. Sufficient information exists to map broad classes of soil pH. Rough grazing and woodland sites are concentrated on soil types which are naturally very acid. In Wales, such soils are found on the main mountain ranges and show up clearly on the map of pH. Their acidity is the result of an interrelationship between soil, climate and vegetation. However, afforestation, particularly with coniferous species, appears to lower the pH of the underlying soil. There is a trend in agricultural soils towards lower pH under a moister climate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1985.tb00647.x
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