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  • Firenze University Press  (2,086)
  • Springer Nature  (580)
  • 2020-2024  (2,666)
  • 2015-2019
  • 2010-2014
  • 2022  (2,666)
Collection
Keywords
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  • 2020-2024  (2,666)
  • 2015-2019
  • 2010-2014
  • 2020-2023  (10)
Year
  • 1
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    The deglacial forest conundrum (2022)
    Springer Nature
    In:  EPIC3Nature Communications, Springer Nature, 13(1), pp. 6035-6035, ISSN: 2041-1723
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: How fast the Northern Hemisphere (NH) forest biome tracks strongly warming climates is largely unknown. Regional studies reveal lags between decades and millennia. Here we report a conundrum: Deglacial forest expansion in the NH extra-tropics occurs approximately 4000 years earlier in a transient MPI-ESM1.2 simulation than shown by pollen-based biome reconstructions. Shortcomings in the model and the reconstructions could both contribute to this mismatch, leaving the underlying causes unresolved. The simulated vegetation responds within decades to simulated climate changes, which agree with pollen-independent reconstructions. Thus, we can exclude climate biases as main driver for differences. Instead, the mismatch points at a multi-millennial disequilibrium of the NH forest biome to the climate signal. Therefore, the evaluation of time-slice simulations in strongly changing climates with pollen records should be critically reassessed. Our results imply that NH forests may be responding much slower to ongoing climate changes than Earth System Models predict.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    Last Interglacial decadal sea surface temperature variability in the eastern Mediterranean (2022)
    Springer Nature
    In:  EPIC3Nature Geoscience, Springer Nature, 15(10), pp. 812-818, ISSN: 1752-0894
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: The Last Interglacial (~129,000–116,000 years ago) is the most recent geologic period with a warmer-than-present climate. Proxy-based temperature reconstructions from this interval can help contextualize natural climate variability in our currently warming world, especially if they can define changes on decadal timescales. Here, we established a ~4.800-year-long record of sea surface temperature (SST) variability from the eastern Mediterranean Sea at 1–4-year resolution by applying mass spectrometry imaging of long-chain alkenones to a finely laminated organic-matter-rich sapropel deposited during the Last Interglacial. We observe the highest amplitude of decadal variability in the early stage of sapropel deposition, plausibly due to reduced vertical mixing of the highly stratified water column. With the subsequent reorganization of oceanographic conditions in the later stage of sapropel deposition, when SST forcing resembled the modern situation, we observe that the maximum amplitude of reconstructed decadal variability did not exceed the range of the recent period of warming climate. The more gradual, centennial SST trends reveal that the maximal centennial scale SST increase in our Last Interglacial record is below the projected temperature warming in the twenty-first century.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 3
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    Larix species range dynamics in Siberia since the Last Glacial captured from sedimentary ancient DNA (2022)
    Springer Nature
    In:  EPIC3Communications Biology, Springer Nature, 5(1), pp. 570-570, ISSN: 2399-3642
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Climate change is expected to cause major shifts in boreal forests which are in vast areas of Siberia dominated by two species of the deciduous needle tree larch (Larix). The species differ markedly in their ecosystem functions, thus shifts in their respective ranges are of global relevance. However, drivers of species distribution are not well understood, in part because paleoecological data at species level are lacking. This study tracks Larix species distribution in time and space using target enrichment on sedimentary ancient DNA extracts from eight lakes across Siberia. We discovered that Larix sibirica, presently dominating in western Siberia, likely migrated to its northern distribution area only in the Holocene at around 10,000 years before present (ka BP), and had a much wider eastern distribution around 33 ka BP. Samples dated to the Last Glacial Maximum (around 21 ka BP), consistently show genotypes of L. gmelinii. Our results suggest climate as a strong determinant of species distribution in Larix and provide temporal and spatial data for species projection in a changing climate.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 4
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    Chapter Introduction. An Archaeology of Modernism (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Description: The book meticulously analyses the history of the critical reception of avantguard art through the interpretations received by one of its greatest emblems, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon by Picasso, 1907. Since Les Demoiselles has been considered over this century the true paradigm of Modern Art, this book is, fundamentally, a sort of synthesis of the discourses about Modernism from formalism, iconology, Leo Steinberg's 'Other Criteria’, sociological, the biographical and psychoanalytical theses, cultural and historicist and lastly, the impact of post-structuralism and the feminist, post-colonialist and transnational interpretations. The final chapter deals with the artistic versions of Les Demoiselles d'Avignon made by artists. It is an essay on the different versions and identities of Modern Art and Modernism that have been produced throughout the last century.
    Keywords: Modernism ; Demoiselles d'Avignon ; Modernist Criticism ; New History of Art ; Global History of Art ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Sustainable Development Disciplines for Humanity (2022)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Description: This Open Access book provides eight problem solving lectures for sustainable development for people, peace, and partnerships. Those are three of the five keywords for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): people, the planet, prosperity, peace, and partnerships or “the 5Ps”. Each of these lectures is classified into one of the keywords for SDGs and based on the history of social thought, human development, law, education, sociology, and peace studies. Further, each lecture delineates the essence of each discipline when it is practically applied to development studies. This book, Sustainable Development Disciplines for Humanity, along with its sister volume related to the planet and prosperity, Society, will be useful in studying development. Interdisciplinary research is necessary to achieve the SDGs advocated by the United Nations. Hence, it is essential to learn the basics of individual disciplines, as they each offer ample knowledge fostering problem solving through the accumulation of existing research. This and its sister volume are the first comprehensive textbooks summarizing the essence of each necessary discipline to approach development studies from an interdisciplinary perspective. In developing countries, this book will provide access to development research for readers aiming to further develop their own nations. Moreover, in developed countries, the book will provide access to problem-solving research for readers seeking holistic solutions to complex social problems.
    Keywords: Development Studies ; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ; Social Welfare ; Human Rights ; Development education ; Sociological approach to development ; Public Private Partnership (PPP) ; Peace Studies ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTP Development studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Civic Continuities in an Age of Revolutionary Change, c.1750–1850 (2022)
    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-12
    Description: This open access book explores the role of continuity in political processes and practices during the Age of Revolutions. It argues that the changes that took place in the years around 1800 were enabled by different types of continuities across Europe and in the Americas. With historians of modernity tending to emphasise the rise of the new, scholarship has leaned towards an assumption that existing modes of action, thought and practice simply became extinct, irrelevant or at least subordinate to new modes. In contrast, this collection examines continuities between early modern and modern political cultures and organization in Europe and the Americas. Shifting the focus from political modernization, the authors examine the continued relevance of older, often local, practices in (post)revolutionary politics. By doing so, they aim to highlight the role of local political traditions and practices in forging and enabling political change. The book argues that while political change was in fact at the centre of both the old and new polities that emerged in the Age of Revolutions, it coexisted with, and was indeed enabled by, continuities at other levels.
    Keywords: Political culture ; Political processes ; Age of Revolutions ; Early modern ; Modern Europe ; Modernity ; Local politics ; Political tradition ; Political change ; Transition ; Political activism ; Citizenship ; Continuity ; Revolutionary Era ; Europe and the Americas ; American history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Chapter Il Mediterraneo, tra unità, frammentazione e oblio (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-12
    Description: In academic and/or cultural debate, the word «Mediterranean» elicits mixed reactions and is revealing of normative considerations and the role of politics. This chapter explores two different perspectives that emerge from the extensive literature on this subject, and suggests a third, inspired by the contemporary trend of the debate (or rather, its absence). First, the chapter examines conceptions of the Mediterranean as a unitary entity or political actor in and of itself. The Mediterranean as a «cradle of civilization», originally described by Braudel, has been taken up more recently by Horden and Purcell, who emphasized the central role of connectivity between local communities, and by the Italian school of geo-philosophy headed by Bassano, for whom the Mediterranean is a specific value system to be respected. A second perspective emphasizes instead the Mediterranean as an area of conflict, characterized by deep fault lines. Huntington's position, captured by the expression «clash of civilizations», has been taken up and reworked by the post-colonial perspective, which sees the Mediterranean as an area characterized by permanent tensions. The chapter suggests a third option, however, noting that the word «Mediterranean» is disappearing from political vocabularies.
    Keywords: Mediterranean ; Mediterranean Sea ; cradle of civilization ; clash of civilizations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory
    Language: Italian
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  • 8
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    L’URSS dentro e fuori (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-12
    Description: From the 1920s onwards, the Soviet Union became a favourite destination for Italian writers, travellers who took it upon themselves to interpret and present the new Soviet world to Italian readers by sending articles to newspapers and magazines, most of which were later published as monographs. The present study aims to investigate the reasons that drove so many intellectuals to visit Russia and the Soviet territories after the October. Through references to historical and political ideologies that may have influenced the writers’ interpretations, the reconstruction of travel conditions and individual approaches to Soviet life, the study focuses on Italian intellectuals’ views on the USSR and the particular value that the reportages had in the construction of the image of the Soviet world in the Italian reality.
    Keywords: USSR ; Italian writers ; travel ; report ; thema EDItEUR::C Language and Linguistics::CF Linguistics ; thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DS Literature: history and criticism
    Language: Italian
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  • 9
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    Chapter Competizione e complessità nel sistema internazionale tra equilibri e caos (2022)
    Firenze University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-11
    Description: The study of complexity in world politics began painstakingly in the 1980s on the initiative of authors such as James Rosenau, and looks at different types of complexity such as non-linear interactions, the interaction between actors at different levels (turbulence), the emergence of structures. The chapter intends to analyze the contribution the study of competition processes can provide by means of the theory of dynamical systems. For this purpose, nonlinear equations derived from Richardson's and equations formulated in the framework of population theories concerning crime or terrorism are considered. Finally, the need to move on to the theory of self-organization and emergent structures is indicated.
    Keywords: complexity ; dynamic systems ; stability ; chaos ; arms races ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Animal behavior is central in shaping the realized diel light niche (2022)
    Springer Nature
    In:  EPIC3Communications Biology, Springer Nature, 5(1), pp. 562-, ISSN: 2399-3642
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-10
    Description: Animal behavior in space and time is structured by the perceived day/night cycle. However, this is modified by the animals’ own movement within its habitat, creating a realized diel light niche (RDLN). To understand the RDLN, we investigated the light as experienced by zooplankton undergoing synchronized diel vertical migration (DVM) in an Arctic fjord around the spring equinox. We reveal a highly dampened light cycle with diel changes being about two orders of magnitude smaller compared to the surface or a static depth. The RDLN is further characterized by unique wavelength-specific irradiance cycles. We discuss the relevance of RDLNs for animal adaptations and interactions, as well as implications for circadian clock entrainment in the wild and laboratory.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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