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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Building a second brain : A proven method to organise your digital life and unlock your creative potential (2022)
    London : Profile Books Ltd
    Details Availability
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 272 Seiten , 128 x 196 mm
    ISBN: 9781800812222
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    Language: English
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
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    The SPICE Project: Calibrated production rates of cosmogenic 3He and 21Ne in olivine and pyroxene from the 72 ka SP basalt flow, Arizona, USA (2024)
    In:  Quaternary Geochronology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-09
    Description: The formally named SP lava flow is a quartz-, olivine- and pyroxene-bearing basalt flow that is preserved in the desert climate of northern Arizona, USA. The flow has an 40Ar/39Ar age of 72 ± 4 ka (2σ) and has undergone negligible erosion and/or burial, making its surface an ideal site for direct calibration of cosmogenic nuclide production rates. Production rates for cosmogenic 3He (3Hec) and 21Ne (21Nec) have been determined from SP flow olivine and pyroxene in this study. The error-weighted mean, sea-level, high latitude (SLHL) total reference production rates of 3He in olivine and pyroxene have identical values of 135 ± 8 at/g/yr (2; standard error) using time-independent Lal (1991)/Stone (2000) (St) scaling factors. These production rates decrease to identical values of 130 ± 8 at/g/yr (2; standard error) when 3He measurements are standardized to the CRONUS-P pyroxene standard. The St-scaled, error-weighted mean, total reference production rates of 21Ne in olivine and pyroxene are 48.4 ± 2.9 at/g/yr and 26.5 ± 1.7 at/g/yr (2; standard error), respectively, increasing to 49.3 ± 3.0 at/g/yr and 27.0 ± 1.7 at/g/yr (2; standard error), respectively, when standardized to the CREU-1 quartz standard. 3He and 21Ne production rates (St) overlap within 2σ uncertainty with other St-scaled production rates in the literature. SLHL 3He and 21Ne production rates in SP flow olivine and pyroxene are nominally lower if time-dependent Lm and Sa scaling factors are used. Olivine and pyroxene both have identical, error-weighted mean SLHL production rates of 127 ± 8 at/g/yr (2; standard error) using Lm scaling factors and CRONUS-P standardized 3He measurements. These production rates decrease to identical values of 110 ± 7 at/g/yr (2; standard error) for olivine and pyroxene when using Sa scaling factors. The Lm-scaled, error-weighted mean, total reference production rates of 21Ne in olivine and pyroxene are 48.1 ± 2.8 at/g/yr and 26.4 ± 1.7 at/g/yr (2; standard error), respectively, when standardized to the CREU-1 quartz standard. The error weighted mean, local 21Ne/3He production rate ratio in olivine is 0.358 ± 0.009 (2; standard error), which increases to 0.378 ± 0.012 when using CREU-1 standardized 21Ne production rates and CRONUS-P standardized 3He production rates. The error weighted mean, local 21Ne/3He production rate ratio in pyroxene is 0.197 ± 0.006, or 0.208 ± 0.008 when 21Ne and 3He are standardized to CREU-1 and CRONUS-P, respectively. The updated, CREU-1 standardized 21Nec rate (St) in SPICE quartz is 16.5 ± 1.1 at/g/yr. Production of 21Ne in coexisting SPICE olivine (ol), pyroxene (px), and quartz (qz) (standardized to CREU-1; Fenton et al., 2019; this study) yields error-weighted mean, local production rate ratios of 3.00 ± 0.13 (2) and 1.64 ± 0.08 (2) for 21Neol/21Neqz and 21Nepx/21Neqz, respectively. This study suggests that production rates of 3He and 21Ne in SPICE olivine and pyroxene agree well with St- and Lm-scaled global mean production rates in the literature. It also indicates that CRONUS-P and CREU-1 standardizations yield production rates in even stronger agreement with these global mean rates.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    Beyond the Visible – Imaging Spectroscopy for Soil Applications. Massive Open Online Course (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
    In:  HYPERedu, EnMAP education initiative
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-09
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Quantifying Impacts of Local Traffic Policies on PM Concentrations Using Low Cost Sensors in Berlin (2024)
    In:  Aerosol and Air Quality Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: Urban air pollution remains a challenge in European cities, despite decades of improvement, especially with respect to recent updates to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) air quality guidelines in 2021. At the same time, a new generation of small sensors for air pollution measurement have opened up new avenues for understanding air pollution in cities. In this study, we use Plantower PMS 5003 sensors to measure PM2.5 alongside three local traffic policies implemented in 2020 and 2021. These measures include a new bike-lane and a temporary community space, as well as the creation of a pedestrian zone through the closure of a street to through-traffic. The measurement campaign used the sensors in both mobile and stationary deployments, utilizing their small size and lower cost to increase spatial and temporal resolution measurements. We calibrate the Plantower sensors using Schmitz et al.’s (2021) methodology and test three different models: multiple linear regression (MLR), gradient-boosting machines (GBM), and support vector machines (SVM). Results show that sensors are useful for measuring PM2.5. We also find no significant effect of any of the local transport policies on local concentrations of PM2.5, despite previous studies of these policies showing reductions in local NO2 concentrations. This indicates that larger-scale policies tackling urban and regional emissions of PM will be needed to improve PM concentrations and meet WHO standards.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    Deep Dive Hydrogen Economy – A Radical Alternative (2022)
    Foresight on Demand
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: Key message: A decolonial approach is needed to fulfil IASC’s commitment to recognizing that Traditional Knowledge, Indigenous Knowledge and academic scientific knowledge are co-equal and complementary knowledge systems that all can and should inform its work (website ICARP IV, retrieved October 2023). This document summarizes key recommendations for actions regarding five themes: 1. Indigenous Peoples’ right to self-determination as a prerequisite for high-quality Arctic research 2. Ethics, methods and methodology as key for decolonial research 3. Indigenous-led research in design and practice 4. Indigenous Peoples’ co-equal participation in Arctic research funding structures and decision-making for securing decolonial Arctic research in practice 5. Funding for Co-Creative and Indigenous-Led Arctic Research
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Low-cost system application for policy assessment: a case study from Berlin (2024)
    In:  Environmental Research: Health
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: Local policies are part of the toolbox available to decision makers to improve air quality but their effectiveness is underevaluated and underreported. We evaluate the impact of the pedestrianization of a street in the city centre of Berlin on the local air pollution. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was measured on the street where the policy was implemented and on two parallel streets using low-cost sensor systems supported by periodic calibrations against reference-grade instruments and constrained by passive samplers. Further measurements of NO2 were conducted with a reference-grade instrument mounted on a mobile platform. The concentrations were evaluated against the urban background (UB) to isolate the policy-related signal from natural fluctuations, long-term trends and the COVID-19 lockdown. Our analysis shows that the most likely result of the intervention is a reduced NO2 concentrations to the level of the UB on weekdays for the pedestrian zone. Kerbside NO2 concentrations exhibited substantial differences to the concentrations measured at lampposts highlighting the difficulty for such measurements to capture personal exposure. The results have implications for policy, showing that an intervention on the local traffic patterns can possibly be effective in improving local air quality.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    Democratic Participation and Climate Politics: Notes on the Convention Citoyenne pour le Climat in France (2024)
    In:  The Interplay of Civic Engagement and Institutionalised Politics: Palgrave Studies in Third Sector Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: Political science and the public know what has gone wrong with liberal democracy and continues to go wrong, but what can be done to counter this trend? What can slow down the de-democratisation, what can reverse the development that has been observed ever more urgently since shortly after the turn of the millennium? As one instrument the chapter discusses citizens’ councils, which have been field-tested in many places in recent years and whose strengths and shortcomings can now be evaluated. We will give an insight into the theoretical foundations of deliberative and participative democratic innovations focusing more closely on citizen assemblies with an exemplary evaluation of France’s climate assembly, the Convention Citoyenne pour le Climat (CCC), a rather elaborate one of citizen participation, associated with a wide public attention and accompanied by an intense scientific and intellectual debate in France. The CCC has been, in terms of political activation and discourse, successful, whereas in terms of its general policy impact and structural changes of French society and politics, it has not been a full success story. Instead of promoting a positive French exception to the conventional antagonism of etatism and street protest, this experiment perished in 2022/23.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 8
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    Stability Of Magnesite In The Presence Of Hydrous Fluids Up To 12 Gpa: Insights Into Subduction Zone Processes And Carbon Cycling In The Earth’s Mantle (2024)
    In:  American Mineralogist
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: Understanding the stability of magnesite in the presence of a hydrous fluid in the Earth’s upper mantle is crucial for modelling the carbon budget and cycle in the deep Earth. This study elucidates the behavior of magnesite in the presence of hydrous fluids. We examined the brucite magnesite (Mg(OH)2-MgCO3) system between 1 and 12 GPa by using synchrotron in situ energy dispersive X-ray diffraction experiments combined with textural observations from quenched experiments employing the falling sphere method. By subjecting magnesite to varying pressure-temperature conditions with controlled fluid proportion, we determined the stability limits of magnesite in the presence of a fluid and periclase. The observed liquidus provides insights into the fate of magnesite-bearing rocks in subduction zones. Our findings show that magnesite remains stable under typical subduction zone gradients even when infiltrated by hydrous fluids released from dehydration reactions during subduction. We conclude that magnesite can be subducted down to and beyond sub-arc depths. Consequently, our results have important implications for the carbon budget of the Earth’s mantle and its role in regulating atmospheric CO2 levels over geological timescales.
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Long-read based hybrid genome assembly and annotation of snow algal strain CCCryo 101-99 (cf. Sphaerocystis sp., Chlamydomonadales) (2024)
    In:  Genome Biology and Evolution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: Polar regions harbor a diversity of cold-adapted (cryophilic) algae, which can be categorized into psychrophilic (obligate cryophilic) and cryotrophic (non-obligate cryophilic) snow algae. Both can accumulate significant biomasses on glacier and snow habitats and play major roles in global climate dynamics. Despite their significance, genomic studies on these organisms remain scarce, hindering our understanding of their evolutionary history and adaptive mechanisms in the face of climate change. Here, we present the draft genome assembly and annotation of the psychrophilic snow algal strain CCCryo 101-99 (cf. Sphaerocystis sp.). The draft haploid genome assembly is 122.5 Mb in length and is represented by 664 contigs with an N50 of 0.86 Mb, a Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) completeness of 92.9% (n = 1519), a maximum contig length of 5.3 Mb, and a GC content of 53.1%. In total, 28.98% of the genome (35.5 Mb) contains repetitive elements. We identified 417 non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and annotated the chloroplast genome. The predicted proteome comprises 14,805 genes with a BUSCO completeness of 97.8%. Our preliminary analyses reveal a genome with a higher repeat content compared to mesophilic chlorophyte relatives, alongside enrichment in gene families associated with photosynthesis and flagella functions. Our current data will facilitate future comparative studies, improving our understanding of the likely response of polar algae to a warming climate as well as their evolutionary trajectories in permanently cold environments.
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Significance of conodont data for explaining geosystem perturbations during the Middle Devonian Kačák Episode (2023)
    In:  Marine Micropaleontology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: The present review of published data as well as the new results demonstrate the versatility of conodonts in documenting and explaining global environmental fluctuations related to the Kačák Episode (KE) in the latest Eifelian. Although the conodont zonation of the KE interval is ambiguous and requires revision, the compilation of conodont stratigraphic ranges shows their potential for a precise worldwide correlation of relevant marine strata. Conodont biofacies may serve to document environmental changes connected with KE, in particular the sealevel rise at its beginning, followed by a regressive trend. Nevertheless, the familiar Icriodus/Polygnathus ratio should be carefully applied as an indication of water depth and nearshore vs. offshore position, being controlled also by other factors, such as paleolatitude and/or climate. Oxygen isotopes in conodont apatite, studied using secondary ion mass spectrometry technique evidence a warming at the onset of KE, based on the new data from the open marine facies of the Prague Basin. At the same time, they indicated climate-controlled salinity fluctuations in the epeiric Belarusian Basin. The present investigations as well as previous results suggest caution when analyzing thermally altered conodonts which may result in biased oxygen isotope signatures. The present experience suggests the conodont colour alteration index CAI 3 as a boundary value above which the caution is necessary.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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