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  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (256)
  • 1975-1979  (256)
  • 1979  (256)
  • 1
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    Worldwide weather study major cooperative effort (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-NEWS-RELEASE-79-17 , P79-10017
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Studies on remote sensing method of particle size and water density distribution in mists and clouds using laser radar techniques (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: A method of remote measurement of the particle size and density distribution of water droplets was developed. In this method, the size of droplets is measured from the Mie scattering parameter which is defined as the total-to-backscattering ratio of the laser beam. The water density distribution is obtained by a combination of the Mie scattering parameter and the extinction coefficient of the laser beam. This method was examined experimentally for the mist generated by an ultrasonic mist generator and applied to clouds containing rain and snow. Compared with the conventional sampling method, the present method has advantages of remote measurement capability and improvement in accuracy.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-75354
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Periodic variations of precipitation in the tropical Atlantic Ocean (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Statistical analysis of the satellite-borne Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer data in the tropical Atlantic region reveals that the rainfall near local noon is higher both in frequency of occurrence and intensity than the rainfall in the same area near local midnight. Another striking feature that stands out from the analysis is an oscillation with a period of 3.3. days in rainfall occurrence and intensity. This periodicty is consistent with easterly waves traveling from the African continent to the region under study.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: PAPER-53 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center 4th NASA Weather and Climate Program Sci. Rev.; p 319-322
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    The NASA-AMES Research Center Stratospheric Aerosol Model. 1. Physical Processes and Computational Analogs (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-14
    Description: A time-dependent one-dimensional model of the stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer is presented. In constructing the model, a wide range of basic physical and chemical processes are incorporated in order to avoid predetermining or biasing the model predictions. The simulation, which extends from the surface to an altitude of 58 km, includes the troposphere as a source of gases and condensation nuclei and as a sink for aerosol droplets. The size distribution of aerosol particles is resolved into 25 categories with particle radii increasing geometrically from 0.01 to 2.56 microns such that particle volume doubles between categories.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TP-1362 , A-7532
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Satellite measurements of tropospheric aerosols (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Landsat data were originally used to demonstrate that a linear relationship exists between the upwelling visible radiance and the aerosol optical thickness (essentially all of this thickness is in the troposphere) over oceans. Since that time similar relationships have been shown to exist for sensors on the GOES and NOAA-5 satellites. A global scale ground truth experiment using Tiros-N data is planned and will investigate the variability of the linear relationship at different sites around the globe. A comparison of the results for the different satellites is presented, together with a discussion of the requirements for routine satellite monitoring of tropospheric aerosols on a global scale.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: AD-A075519 , SAI-011-79-1004-LJ , Atmospheric effects on radiative transfer; August 29, 30, 1979; San Diego, CA
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Subjective evaluation of the combined influence of satellite temperature sounding data and increased model resolution on numerical weather forecasting (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The present evaluation is concerned with (1) the significance of prognostic differences resulting from the inclusion of satellite-derived temperature soundings, (2) how specific differences between the SAT and NOSAT prognoses evolve, and (3) comparison of two experiments using the Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheric Sciences general circulation model. The subjective evaluation indicates that the beneficial impact of sounding data is enhanced with increased resolution. It is suggested that satellite sounding data posses valuable information content which at times can correct gross analysis errors in data sparse regions.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction; Oct 29, 1979 - Nov 01, 1979; Silver Spring, MD
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    An energy and potential enstrophy conserving scheme for the shallow water equations (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A three-dimensional finite difference scheme for the solution of the shallow water momentum equations which accounts for the conservation of potential enstrophy in the flow of a homogeneous incompressible shallow atmosphere over steep topography as well as for total energy conservation is presented. The scheme is derived to be consistent with a reasonable scheme for potential vorticity advection in a long-term integration for a general flow with divergent mass flux. Numerical comparisons of the characteristics of the present potential enstrophy-conserving scheme with those of a scheme that conserves potential enstrophy only for purely horizontal nondivergent flow are presented which demonstrate the reduction of computational noise in the wind field with the enstrophy-conserving scheme and its convergence even in relatively coarse grids.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction; Oct 29, 1979 - Nov 01, 1979; Silver Spring, MD
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  • 8
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    The initialization of the divergent component of the horizontal wind in mesoscale numerical weather prediction models and its effect on initial precipitation rates (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction; Oct 29, 1979 - Nov 01, 1979; Silver Spring, MD
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Field studies of the electrification of thunderstorms (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Many theories have been advanced to explain the development of electric fields in thunderstorms, culminating in lightning, but thorough appraisal of these has been hampered by the lack of reliable and comprehensive observational data on the electrical characteristics, microphysical properties and dynamical behavior of the storms. A major field experiment (the Thunderstorm Research International Project) has been in progress for three years, in an effort to remedy this deficiency, and this paper describes some of this work and the results emanating from it. Major tools in this investigation are: an instrumented aircraft capable of penetrating the clouds; dual-Doppler and fast scanning radars; field-change and precipitation-recording networks; and an acoustic system for reconstructing the location of points on the lightning channels. The early results indicate a strong correlation between updraughts, precipitation and high fields. Circumstantial evidence points towards the presence of ice as being crucial to rapid field growth.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Electrostatics 1979; Apr 17, 1979 - Apr 20, 1979; Oxford
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Digital cloud stereography from geostationary orbit (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: It has been demonstrated that geostationary satellite imagery provides an effective means of extracting two-dimensional cloud motion wind measurements over large areas. The addition of cloud height information is necessary, however, for the proper assignment of altitude to the wind vectors. This paper discusses the methodology and accuracy of extracting multilevel cloud motion measurements from stereo digital imagery acquired from geostationary orbit.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment; Apr 23, 1979 - Apr 27, 1979; Ann Arbor, MI
    Format: text
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