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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology  (4)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress  (2)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk  (2)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (3)
  • OGS  (3)
  • Blackwell Editor
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  • 1
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    Analyses of the stress field in southeastern France from earthquake focal mechanisms (2006)
    Blackwell Editor
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Due to the apparent deformation field heterogeneity, the stress regimes around the Provence block, from the fronts of the Massif Central and Alpine range up to the Ligurian Sea, were not well defined. To improve the understanding of the SE France stress field, we determine new earthquake focal mechanisms and we compute the present-day stress states by inversion of the 89 available focal mechanisms around the Provence domain, including the 17 new ones calculated in the current study. This study provides evidence of 6 different deformation domains around the Provence block with different tectonic regimes. On a regional scale, we identify three zones characterised by significantly different stress regimes: a western one affected by an extensional stress (normal faulting) regime, a southeastern one characterised by a compressional stress (reverse to strike-slip faulting) regime with NNW- to WNW-trending σ1 and a northeastern one, i.e., the Digne nappe front, marked by an NE-trending compression. Note that the Digne nappe back domain is controlled by an extensional regime that is deforming the western alpine core. This extensional regime could be a response to buoyancy forces related to the Alpine high topography. The stress regimes in the southeast of the Argentera Massif and around the Durance fault are consistent with a coherent NNW-trending σ1 that implies a left-lateral component of the active reverse oblique-slip of the Moyenne Durance Fault. In the Rhone Valley, an E-trending extension characterises the tectonic regime that implies a normal component of the present-day Nîmes fault displacement. This study provides evidence for short-scale variation of the stress states that reflect abrupt change in the boundary force influences on upper crustal fragments (blocks). These spatial stress changes around the Provence block result from the coeval influence of forces applied at both its extremities, i.e., in the north-east, the Alpine front push and in the southeast, the northward African plate drift. Besides these boundary forces, the influence of the mantle plume under the Massif Central can be superimposed along the western block boundary.
    Description: Published
    Description: 336-348
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Southeastern France ; focal mechanisms ; seismotectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 1295312 bytes
    Format: 1755836 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Limited overlap between the seismic gap and coseismic slip of the great 2010 Chile earthquake (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The MW 8.8 mega-thrust earthquake and tsunami that occurred on February 27, 2010, offshore Maule region, Chile, was not unexpected. A clearly identified seismic gap existed in an area where tectonic loading has been accumulating since the great 1835 earthquake experienced and described by Darwin during the voyage of the Beagle. Here we jointly invert tsunami and geodetic data (InSAR, GPS, land-level changes), to derive a robust model for the co-seismic slip distribution and induced co-seismic stress changes, and compare them to past earthquakes and the pre-seismic locking distribution. We aim to assess if the Maule earthquake has filled the Darwin gap, decreasing the probability of a future shock . We find that the main slip patch is located to the north of the gap, overlapping the rupture zone of the MW 8.0 1928 earthquake, and that a secondary concentration of slip occurred to the south; the Darwin gap was only partially filled and a zone of high pre-seismic locking remains unbroken. This observation is not consistent with the assumption that distributions of seismic rupture might be correlated with pre-seismic locking, potentially allowing the anticipation of slip distributions in seismic gaps. Moreover, increased stress on this unbroken patch might have increased the probability of another major to great earthquake there in the near future.
    Description: Published
    Description: 173-177
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Modelli per la stima della pericolosità sismica a scala nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Source process ; Chile ; Tsunami ; Joint Inversion ; Seismic Gap ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.03. Inverse methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Dynamic feeder dyke systems in basaltic volcanoes: the exceptional example o fthe 1809 Etna eruption (Italy) (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper, we describe the 1809 eruption of Mt. Etna, Italy, which represents one historical rare case in which it is possible to observe details of the internal structure of the feeder system. This is possible thanks to the presence of two large pit craters located in the middle of the eruptive fracture field that allow studying a section of the shallow feeder system. Along the walls of one of these craters, we analysed well-exposed cross sections of the uppermost 15–20 m of the feeder system and related volcanic products. Here, we describe the structure, morphology and lithology of this portion of the 1809 feeder system, including the host rock which conditioned the propagation of the dyke, and compare the results with other recent eruptions. Finally, we propose the dynamic model of the magma behaviour inside a laterally-propagating feeder dyke, demonstrating how this dynamic triggered important changes in the eruptive style (from effusive/Strombolian to phreatomagmatic) during the same eruption. Our results are also useful for hazard assessment related to the development of flank eruptions, potentially the most hazardous type of eruption from basaltic volcanoes in densely urbanized areas, such as Mt. Etna.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-11
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: feeder dyke ; basaltic volcanoes ; flank eruptions ; Etna ; volcanic hazards ; sill ; volcanic rift ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    A CRITICAL REVISION OF THE SALENTO PENINSULA SEISMICITY: THE CASE OF THE FEBRUARY 20, 1743 EARTHQUAKE AND RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. (2015)
    OGS
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The area of the Salento peninsula (Apulia, Southern Italy) is considered the stable foreland of the Southern Apennines chain (Cinque et al., 1993), although it has been hit by several low energy and a few high energy earthquakes over the last centuries. The aim of this study is a critical revision of the historical and recent seismicity of the Salento peninsula and surrounding seismogenetic areas, for re-evaluating the macroseismic effects in MCS scale and ground effects in natural environment, according to the ESI 2007 scale (Michetti et al., 2007; Guerrieri et al., 2012). In particular, the February 20, 1743 earthquake, the strongest of the area, was reviewed and new MCS intensity values were attributed to some localities. Moreover we have evaluated the most important effects on land in the Salento area due to the strong earthquakes of Northern Apulia, Southern Apennines, Adriatic and Ionian sea, Albania and Greece. The use of both traditional MCS macroseismic intensity scale and the ESI 2007 scale gives a more accurate image of the earthquake (Dengler and McPherson, 1993; Porfido et al., 2007; Serva et al., 2007) and allowed us to better constrain the seismic hazard assessment in the Salento peninsula.
    Description: Published
    Description: Bologna, Italy
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: open
    Keywords: Salento ; 1743 earthquake ; environmental earthquake effects ; ESI scale 2007 ; historical seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 5
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    Rapid differentiation in a sill-like magma reservoir: a case study from the campi flegrei caldera (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In recent decades, geophysical investigations have detected wide magma reservoirs beneath quiescent calderas. However, the discovery of partially melted horizons inside the crust is not sufficient to put constraints on capability of reservoirs to supply cataclysmic eruptions, which strictly depends on the chemical-physical properties of magmas (composition, viscosity, gas content etc.), and thus on their differentiation histories. In this study, by using geochemical, isotopic and textural records of rocks erupted from the high-risk Campi Flegrei caldera, we show that the alkaline magmas have evolved toward a critical state of explosive behaviour over a time span shorter than the repose time of most volcanic systems and that these magmas have risen rapidly toward the surface. Moreover, similar results on the depth and timescale of magma storage were previously obtained for the neighbouring Somma-Vesuvius volcano. This consistency suggests that there might be a unique long-lived magma pool beneath the whole Neapolitan area.
    Description: Published
    Description: article 712
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: magma ; campi flegrei caldera ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Building collapse and deformation in the archaeological site of Abakainon (NE Sicily): a possible earthquake in the 2nd century BC? (2013)
    OGS
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Discriminating between building collapse and deformation in ancient relics and attributing them to certain seismic events contributes to a better assessment of recent seismic activities in a region. In NE Sicily, the Greek necropolis of Abakainon shows interesting collapse and deformation which can be related to an earthquake. This damage is related to oriented collapsed columns, diffuse cracking, tilting and dipping broken corners of the tombs basements.
    Description: Published
    Description: Potenza, 20-22 Novembre 2012
    Description: 3.10. Storia ed archeologia applicate alle Scienze della Terra
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Archaeoseismology ; ancient earthquake ; Abakainon ; NE Sicily ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 7
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    Archaeoseismological evidence of a disruptive Late Antique (2011)
    OGS
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: Paleoseimological investigations in the 1990s identified a surface faulting event in the Fucino Plain (central Italy) related to the 5th-6th century AD. This event originated along the same seismogenic source responsible for the 1915 earthquake (Mw 7.0) that caused damage over a vast region, including Rome. This earthquake was associated to the one that was responsible for damage to the Colosseum in Rome, just before 484 AD or 508 AD. Considering that this event was energetic enough to create surface faulting, significant effects would be expected on the settlements of the 5th-6th century AD. In modern archaeological publications, the destruction of Alba Fucens in the north-western sector of the Fucino area has been related to the effects of a destructive earthquake that occurred during the Late Antiquity. Archaeological evidence on the effects of the earthquake is mostly made up of collapsed layers including columns, statues, coins and other materials and layers formed by burnt remains (mainly parts of the wooden structures of the buildings). However, this Late Antique earthquake has been attributed to the 4th century AD in archaeological literature. With this discrepancy in mind, we have carried out a study of the archaeological sources and have collected new archaeological data, in order to cast light on this chronological problem. The review of the published and unpublished archaeological information regarding the excavations carried out at Alba Fucens between 1949 and 1979, plus the data collected at new excavations that have been going on since 2004 at different sites in the Fucino basin, suggest that the destruction of Alba Fucens and other towns and settlements of the region occurred later than assumed in archaeological literature. On the whole, the gathered data are consistent with the published paleoseismological information, and suggest that this destruction occurred during the 5th-6th century AD. Although the processing of the data concerning the archaeological investigations at Alba Fucens in 2006-2008 is still ongoing, the current, most plausible hypothesis at present, is that the 484-508 AD earthquake was probably responsible for the destruction of Alba Fucens.
    Description: Published
    Description: 143-161
    Description: 3.10. Storia ed archeologia applicate alle Scienze della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Archaeoseismology ; Alba Fucens ; central Apennines ; disruptive earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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