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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology  (33)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods  (14)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress
  • INGV  (49)
  • Blackwell Editor
  • Nature Publishing Group
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: The general purpose of the present paper is to summarize the state-of-the-art of historical earthquake knowledge and research in the Iberian Peninsula, giving an account of the main references, the historical developments and the present situation of earthquake catalogues. The most representative historical works for compiling earthquake data (catalogues) up to 1985 are referred together with those of more recent investigations carried out in Spain and Portugal for the period 1985-2003. Existing databases on historical seismicity are presented, mentioning the most important achievements in relation to quality of information.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: historical seismicity ; catalogues ; macroseismic data ; earthquake database ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This work presents a summary on the development of studies of historical earthquakes in Armenia and adjacent parts of Turkey and Iran. Since ancient times, this region has been an arena where active geodynamic and seismic history intermingled with no less active and dynamic evolution of human cultures and societies. A long-term historical record in this region beginning as early as the 8th century B.C. provides abundant evidence that can make an inestimable contribution to studies of historical seismicity and volcanism in the area. We discuss the main research methodology and sources used, and dwell on the principal catalogues of historical earthquakes compiled to date.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: historical seismicity ; volcanism ; catalogue ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-03-18
    Description: As regards the 1930 Irpinia earthquake a detailed research both on the institutional response to the seismic event in Vulture area and reconstruction of the damage scenario for the town of Melfi has been performed. This study was carried out by an analysis of coeval dossiers drawn up by the Special Office of Civil Engineers, which was set up after the earthquake. The research brought to light the typologies and the modalities of the institutional actions taken during the post-seismic period. In general, these territorial interventions had a notable effect on urban systems, especially those involving both the partial shifting of urban areas and the construction of earthquake-proof buildings. The research also identified the damage pattern in Melfi by a deeper study on about 2400 archive files. A preliminary analysis of the damage pattern indicates probable seismic amplification phenomena due to the lithological and geomorphological features of the site. Moreover, the analysis of time-dependent activities of reconstruction has shown that almost all the buildings of the town (90%) were repaired or reconstructed within five years after the seismic disaster.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: historical seismology ; damage scenario ; 1930 Irpinia earthquake ; seismic amplification ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: Questo lavoro presenta una utility per il GIS MapInfo™ sviluppata per l'archiviazione ed elaborazione dei dati macrosismici dalla fase di georeferenziazione fino al plottaggio finale su mappa. L'identificazione della località associata con un'osservazione macrosismica è un'operazione che talvolta può causare errori ed in seguito problemi nell'analisi ed interpretazione dei dati. La routine MacroMap fornisce uno strumento che in modo semplice e veloce aiuti nell'identificazione della corretta località a cui attribuire l'informazione macrosismica durante lo studio di un terremoto. L'utility è strutturata per utilizzare il formato della directory geografica DIR04 e le procedure adottate nella compilazione del DataBase Macrosismico Italiano DBMI04. MacroMap è stata sperimentata "sul campo" durante alcune indagini macrosismiche e tiene conto dell'esperienza e dei suggerimenti degli operatori del Gruppo QUEST (QUick Earthquake Survey Team). I campi di utilizzo di MacroMap vanno dalla realizzazione speditiva di mappe e tabelle per la produzione di report macrosismici per la Protezione Civile, alla revisione di terremoti storici, grazie all'avanzato sistema di query disponibile per la selezione dei toponimi del database geografico.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-21
    Description: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Osservazioni macrosismiche ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: This paper describes the main features of the Macroseismic Database of Italy 2004, which for the first time put together in a critical way the macroseismic data used for the compilation of the CPTI04 (2004) parametric earthquake catalogue. Data come from varied main datasets: i) DOM4.1 (Monachesi e Stucchi, 1997); ii) CFTI version 2 (Boschi et al., 1997) and, for the time-window 1980-2002, CFTI version 3 (Boschi et al., 2000); iii) Bollettino Macrosismico ING (BMING); iv) Catalogo Macrosismico dei Terremoti Etnei, Azzaro et al. (2000; 2002). In addition, data from recent historical and field investigation were also used. DBMI04 contains 58146 macroseismic observations related to 1041 earthquakes and 14161 localities, 12943 of which in Italy. The input data used for the compilation of DBMI04 were not homogeneous with respect to the use of the intensity scale and, mainly, to geographical reference. One of the main task was the organisation of a reliable geographical reference, based on the previous ENEL-ISTAT catalogue of the Italian localities (ENEL, 1978), which was updated by means of new data. Another task consisted in correcting some mistakes performed when associating the placenames quoted by the historical sources and the geographical reference. Some problems were solved using ad hoc conventions for dealing with observations not expressed in terms of macroseismic intensity. This paper presents the adopted solutions and the results, together with the web-interface through which the database is made available to the public (http://emidius.mi.ingv.it/DBMI04/).
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-39
    Description: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: database ; macrosismico ; terremoti ; storici ; intensità ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: The simulation of a stacked radargram requires the calculation of a set of common-source experiments and application of the standard processing sequence. To reduce computing time, a zero-offset stacked section can be obtained with a single simulation, by using the exploding-reflector concept and the so-called non-reflecting wave equation. This non-physical modification of the wave equation implies a constant impedance model to avoid multiple reflections, which are, in principle, absent from stacked sections and constitute unwanted artifacts in migration processes. Magnetic permeability is used as a free parameter to obtain a constant impedance model and avoid multiple reflections. The reflection strength is then implicit in the source strength. Moreover, the method generates normal-incidence reflections, i.e. those having identical downgoing and upgoing wave paths.Exploding reflector experiments provide correct travel times of diffraction and reflection events, in contrast to the plane-wave method.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: exploding reflector ; zero-offset section ; GPR modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-01-05
    Description: In this paper, we re-evaluate the damage area of the 14 August 1708 Manosque earthquake, Southeast France. It is the strongest event (Io = VIII MSK) of a seismic sequence that lasted from March to October 1708. We show that the spatial repartition of the damage that can be proposed based on the existing sources, is clearly biased by the abundant narrative information concerning Manosque. This sparseness in the information can be attributed to differences in communication routes or strategies between the different localities, and affects the global perception of the event, especially in the rural area. To tackle this bias, we propose to inventory the building repairs reported in non-narrative sources in order to capture the effects of the Manosque earthquake in the surrounding region. The debates and accounts (between mid-1708 and 1710) show that moderate to heavy repairs consistently affect localities in the epicentral area, covering a region of at least 12 km radius around Manosque. These building repairs, indirectly attesting to earthquake damage, provide valuable and complementary information, which resulted in a better knowledge of this event. In particular, we propose new intensity estimates (I 〉VI) at six localities.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: historical earthquakes ; non-narrativesources ; damage area ; building repairs ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-11-14
    Description: Two parts of the research are distinguished in this paper. The first part is devoted to the structure of signals of Acoustic Emission (AE) and electromagnetic emission (EME) which accompany the inelastic straining of terrestrial materials. Special attention is paid to the similarity of waveform of EME signals at various scale lengths. The second (and main) part of the work involves the investigation of AE responses to the action of additional power fields over strained rocks. Our experimental investigations have revealed the interrelation of acoustic emission activity to power actions applied externally (impacts of electromagnetic field). Different modes of responses to electromagnetic impact have been specified. The characteristics of such responses and their variations depending on the material of specimens tested and of electric parameters of external pulses during power impacts have been considered. A general conclusion on possible electromagnetic triggering of AE has been drawn,the prospects of further studies being outlined.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: acoustic emission activity ; energy impact ; rock ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-11-14
    Description: We review historical earthquake research in Northern Europe. 'Historical' is defined as being identical with seismic events occurring in the pre-instrumental and early instrumental periods between 1073 and the mid-1960s. The first seismographs in this region were installed in Uppsala, Sweden and Bergen, Norway in 1904-1905, but these mechanical pendulum instruments were broad band and amplification factors were modest at around 500. Until the 1960s few modern short period electromagnetic seismographs were deployed. Scientific earthquake studies in this region began during the first decades of the 1800s, while the systematic use of macroseismic questionnaires commenced at the end of that century. Basic research efforts have vigorously been pursued from the 1970s onwards because of the mandatory seismic risk studies for commissioning nuclear power plants in Sweden, Finland, NW Russia, Kola and installations of huge oil platforms in the North Sea. The most comprehensive earthquake database currently available for Northern Europe is the FENCAT catalogue covering about six centuries and representing the accumulation of work conducted by many scientists during the last 200 years. This catalogue is given in parametric form, while original macroseismic observations and intensity maps for the largest earthquakes can be found in various national publications, often in local languages. No database giving intensity data points exists in computerized form for the region. The FENCAT catalogue still contains some spurious events of various kinds but more serious are some recent claims that some of the presumed largest historical earthquakes have been assigned too large magnitude values, which would have implications for earthquake hazard levels implemented in national building codes. We discuss future cooperative measures such as establishing macroseismic data archives as a means for promoting further research on historical earthquakes in Northern Europe.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: historical earthquakes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The identified emissions of abiogenic carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane are generally attributed to volcanic activity or to geochemical processes associated with thermometamorphic effects. In this paper we show another possible abiogenic source of emission, induced by mechanical, and not thermal, stresses. We investigated the mechanochemical production of carbon dioxide and methane when friction is applied to marly-type rock and studied the mechanisms determining the strong CO2 and CH4 emissions observed. A ring mill was used to apply friction and oriented pressure upon a synthetic calcite-clay mixture of varying proportions. We found that the CO2 and CH4 release versus the grinding action has a non-linear trend reflecting the behaviour of decreasing crystallinity, which indicates a close link between crystallinity and gas production. For the CO2 emission, we propose a release mechanism connected with the friction-induced fractures and the increase in structural disorders induced by creep in the lattice. The CH4 emission could be explained by a Sabatier reaction in which CO2 and hydrogen are involved to form CH4 and water.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: gas geochemistry ; earthquake precursors ; greenhouse gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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