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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress
  • American Geophysical Union  (15)
  • Società Geologica Italiana  (11)
  • Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia  (5)
  • ELSEVIER  (2)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (2)
  • Blackwell Editor
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-06-10
    Description: The stratigraphic reconstruction of the northern sector of the Bahía Camarones (Chubut, Argentina) allowed to improve our understanding of the Holocene marine transgression in the area. The first phase of the maximum of the transgression, is interpreted as dominated by the high rate of eustatic rise of sea level until ca. 6-7 ka BP possibly associated to sedimentary starvation as suggested by fossil accumulation. After this first phase, the general trend indicates a progressive fall of the relative sea level after the Middle Holocene high stand as documented in other parts of south America Atlantic coast. Our data, coupled with the robust radiocarbon data set available for the area from literature, indicate three main local steps of coastal aggradation between ca. 6600 and 5400 yr BP (ca. 7000-5600 yr cal BP), ca. 3300 and 2000 yr BP (ca. 3100-1700 yr cal BP), and ca. 1300-500 yr BP (ca. 1000-300 yr cal BP). A significant age gap in coastal aggradation is present between ca. 5300 and 4400 yr BP (ca. 5600-4500 yr cal BP), and perhaps between ca 2000 and 1300 yr BP (ca. 1700-1000 yr cal BP). These can be linked to phases of local sea level fall and/or phases of sedimentary starvation and/or changes in drift transport which can have produced local coastal cannibalization. However, no conclusive data can be advanced. Data obtained from careful measurements of sea level markers represented by the top of marsh and fluvial terraces indicate lower values for the sea level estimation compared with the data set previously proposed for the area. This stigmatizes the fact that field-oriented works are still the priority in the Patagonia coast along with accurate age measurement, especially for obtaining the fundamental information we need for predicting the environmental impact, in these coastal areas, from accelerate sea level rise as effect of global warming.
    Description: Published
    Description: 19-31
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Relative sea level ; sea level markers ; Patagonia ; Holocene ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.06. Paleoceanography and paleoclimatology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-04-29
    Description: Questo lavoro è dedicato allo studio delle geometrie e dei ratei di deformazione di breve e medio termine delle strutture compressive attive facenti parte dei fronti esterni della Catena Sudalpina, nel settore dell’anticlinale del Montello. Il metodo adottato utilizza informazioni derivate dall’analisi di una linea geodetica di primo ordine dell’IGM, combinate con osservazioni geofisiche, geologiche e geomorfologiche di superficie e di sottosuolo. La linea geodetica presa in esame mostra lungo alcuni suoi segmenti dei movimenti verticali relativi, positivi rispetto ai segmenti adiacenti (maggiori sollevamenti). Questi segnali geodetici, ottenuti dal confronto delle quote dei capisaldi misurate durante due distinte campagne separate da un intervallo di tempo di circa 50 anni, avvengono in corripondenza dell’attraversamento di faglie cieche e sono stati quindi interpretati come dovuti all’attività di queste strutture sepolte. Per l’interpretazione, è stata costruita una sezione geologica che segue la traccia della linea di livellazione, ed è stato quindi modelizzato il segnale geodetico adottando un metodo diretto. Nel modello, le geometrie di partenza delle faglie sono state prese dalla sezione geologica, e sono state poi modificate per riprodurre il segnale geodetico. Una volta fissate le geometrie delle faglie, gli uplift rate sono stati convertiti in slip e shortening rate e comparati con: 1- i ratei di medio e lungo termine derivati dalle osservazioni geologiche e geomorfologiche per evidenziare eventuali cambiamenti nel tempo; e 2- con i tassi di convergenza GPS per studiare la partizione delle deformazione tra i diversi fronti. Infine sono state usate relazioni analitiche ed empiriche per stimare la massima magnitudo e i tempi di ricorrenza dei potenziali futuri terremoti.
    Description: Published
    Description: Udine
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: open
    Keywords: Montello Anticline ; Eastern Southalpine Chain ; slip rates ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-01-04
    Description: We present a neotectonic model of ongoing lithosphere deformation and a corresponding estimate of long-term shallow seismicity across the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary, including the eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean region, and continental Europe. GPS and stress data are absent or inadequate for the part of the study area covered by water. Thus, we opt for a dynamic model based on the stress-equilibrium equation; this approach allows us to estimate the long-term behavior of the lithosphere (given certain assumptions about its structure and physics) for both land and sea areas. We first update the existing plate model by adding five quasi-rigid plates (the Ionian Sea, Adria, Northern Greece, Central Greece, and Marmara) to constrain the deformation pattern of the study area. We use the most recent datasets to estimate the lithospheric structure. The models are evaluated in comparison with updated datasets of geodetic velocities and the most compressive horizontal principal stress azimuths. We find that the side and basal strengths drive the present-day motion of the Adria and Aegean Sea plates, whereas lithostatic pressure plays a key role in driving Anatolia. These findings provide new insights into the neotectonics of the greater Mediterranean region. Finally, the preferred model is used to estimate long-term shallow seismicity, which we retrospectively test against historical seismicity. As an alternative to reliance on incomplete geologic data or historical seismic catalogs, these neotectonic models help to forecast long-term seismicity, although requiring additional tuning before seismicity rates are used for seismic hazard purposes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5311–5342
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Earthquake rates ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.03. Heat flow ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.01. Continents ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2020-12-15
    Description: We have analyzed a focal mechanism data set for Mount Vesuvius, consisting of 197 focal mechanisms of events recorded from 1999 to 2012. Using different approaches and a comparison between observations and numerical models, we have determined the spatial variations in the stress field beneath the volcano. The main results highlight the presence of two seismogenic volumes characterized by markedly different stress patterns. The two volumes are separated by a layer where the seismic strain release shows a significant decrease. Previous studies postulated the existence, at about the same depth, of a ductile layer allowing the spreading of the Mount Vesuvius edifice. We interpreted the difference in the stress pattern within the two volumes as the effect of a mechanical decoupling caused by the aforementioned ductile layer. The stress pattern in the top volume is dominated by a reverse faulting style, which agrees with the hypothesis of a seismicity driven by the spreading process. This agrees also with the persistent character of the seismicity located within this volume. Conversely, the stress field determined for the deep volume is consistent with a background regional field locally perturbed by the effects of the topography and of heterogeneities in the volcanic structure. Since the seismicity of the deep volume shows an intermittent behavior and has shown to be linked to geochemical variations in the fumaroles of the volcano, we hypothesize that it results from the effect of fluid injection episodes, possibly of magmatic origin, perturbing the pore pressure within the hydrothermal system.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1181–1199
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 5V. Sorveglianza vulcanica ed emergenze
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: vesuvius ; stress inversion ; focal mechanisms ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: Mount Etna produces frequent eruptions from its summit craters and from fissures on its flanks. The flank fissures trend approximately radially to the summit, and are mainly concentrated in three rift zones that are located on the NE, S and W flanks. Many flank eruptions result from lateral magma transfer from the central conduit into fractures intersecting the flanks, although some eruptions are fed through newly formed conduits that are not directly linked to the central conduit. We analyzed the structural features of eruptions from 1900 to the present, one of the most active periods in the documented eruptive history of Etna, which comprised 35 summit and 33 flank events. Except for a small eruption on the W flank in 1974, all of the flank eruptions in this interval occurred on or near the NE and S rifts. Eruptions in the NE sector were generally shorter, but their fissure systems developed more rapidly and were longer than those in the S sector. In contrast, summit eruptions had longer mean durations, but generally lower effusion rates (excluding paroxysmal events characterized by very high effusion rates that lasted only a few hours). This database was examined considering the main parameters (frequency and strike) of the eruptive fissures that were active over the last ~2 ka. The distribution in time and space of summit and flank eruptions appears to be closely linked to the dynamics of the unstable E to S flank sector of Etna, which is undergoing periodic displacements induced by subvolcanic magma accumulation and gravitational pull. In this framework, magma accumulation below Etna exerts pressure against the unbuttressed E and S flanks, which have moved away from the rest of the volcano. This has caused an extension to the detachment zones, and has facilitated magma transfer from the central conduit into the flanks.
    Description: This work was sponsored by the Italian National Civil Defence Department and INGV (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia), project V3-LAVA (RU01–Team 01C).
    Description: Published
    Description: 464-479
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 5.3. TTC - Banche dati vulcanologiche
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: dike ; magmas ; tectonics ; structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-12-18
    Description: The Bojano plain corresponds to an elongated basin with Apennine direction, delimited by the Matese massif to SW and by the Sannio hills to NE. This area was studied utilizing geologic, geomorphologic and geophysical data, acquired mainly for microzoning of the Bojano town. Seismic reflection data reveal structural depressions nearby the centre of the town and two basins filled by recent fluvial-lacustrine deposits at the NW and SE sectors of the plain, respectively. Low angle tectonic structures correlate with the thrust of the Matese chain over the frontal more deformable sequences of the Sannio units, but any high angle active structure cutting the Matese thrusts at their eastern limit and in the first 1500 m has been imaged. The seismic sections have been complemented by H/V measurements of the seismic noise utilizing a seismological network installed for sites amplification analysis with a reference station and by an accurate study of the geomorphology of the area. Analyses of the morphogenetic processes contribute to the description of the evolution of the plain and of the depocentres, with depressions and structural highs or divides which strongly influenced the rivers action and the arrival of the alluvial cones.
    Description: Submitted
    Description: Sassari (Italy)
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: open
    Keywords: Appennino molisano ; Bojano ; geomorphology ; seismic reflection prospecting ; H/V spectral ratios analyses ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The terrestrial 3D Laser Scanning technique has been applied to analyse the surface roughness of pyroclastic deposits on volcanic surfaces at Mt. Etna. This technique allowed the construction of high accuracy digital elevation models of small surfaces, about 1 m across. Sampled surfaces differ for percentage of coverage and for grain size of the pyroclastic deposits. The change in grain size distribution for the pyroclastic unconsolidated deposits affects the surface roughness. The roughness of the site where the finest pyroclastic deposits occur is mainly governed by large scale wavelength morphology (Hurst exponent H = 0.77 for lengths larger than 16 mm). The other sampled surfaces have self-affine characters with low (0.15) to intermediate (0.35 - 0.38) Hurst exponents for lengths higher than 10 – 22 mm. Here we show results of the analysis of the surface roughness of the pyroclastic deposits emplaced during the 2001 and 2002-2003 eruptions at Mt. Etna. Grain size and thickness of pyroclastic deposits mainly control the overall roughness of such as volcanic surface.
    Description: Published
    Description: 813-822
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: surface roughness ; pyroclastic deposits ; Laser 3D ; Mount Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Several Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys have been carried out to study the subsurface structural and sedimentary settings of the upper Ufita River valley, and to evaluate their efficiency to distinguish the geological boundary between shallow Quaternary sedimentary deposits and clayey bedrock characterized by moderate resistivity contrast. Five shallow ERTs were carried out across a morphological scarp running at the foot of the northeastern slope of the valley. This valley shoulder is characterized by a set of triangular facets, that some authors associated to the presence of a SW-dipping normal fault. The geological studies allow us to interpret the shallow ERTs results obtaining a resistivity range for each Quaternary sedimentary deposit. The tomographies showed the geometrical relationships of alluvial and slope deposits, having a maximum thickness of 30-40 m, and the morphology of the bedrock. The resistivity range obtained for each sedimentary body has been used for calibrating the tomographic results of one 3560m-long deep ERT carried out across the deeper part of the intramountain depression with an investigation depth of about 170 m. The deep resistivity result highlighted the complex alluvial setting, characterized by alternating fine grained lacustrine deposits and coarser gravelly fluvial sediments.
    Description: This work was partially funded by INGV-DPC grant to P. Burrato and A. Siniscalchi (Project S2, Research Units 2.4 and 2.16, respectively).
    Description: Published
    Description: 213-223
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: shallow ERT ; deep ERT ; Ufita River valley ; southern Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-12-11
    Description: For any scientist working in seismotectonics, the Calabrian Arc represents the most challenging area of Italy. Lying on top of a subduction zone, it is characterised by a complex geological structure largely inherited from the early stages of the collision between the Africa and Eurasia plates. The current and extremely vigorous seismogenic processes, although generated by a mechanism driven by the subduction, are no longer a direct consequence of plate convergence. About one fourth of the largest Italian earthquakes concentrates in a narrow strip of land (roughly 200x70 km) corresponding to the administrative region of Calabria. The present-day seismicity, both shallow and deep, provides little help in detecting the most insidious seismogenic structures, nor does the available record of GPS-detected strains. In addition to its fierce seismicity, the Calabrian Arc also experiences uplift at rates that are the largest in Italy, thus suggesting that active tectonic processes are faster here than elsewhere in the country. Calabrian earthquakes are strong yet inherently elusive, and even the largest of those that have occurred over the past two centuries do not appear to have caused unambiguous surface faulting. The identified active structures are not sufficient to explain in full the historical seismicity record, suggesting that some of the main seismogenic sources still lie unidentified, for instance in the offshore. As a result, the seismogenic processes of Calabria have been the object of a lively debate at least over the past three decades. In this work we propose to use the current geodynamic framework of the Calabrian Arc as a guidance to resolve the ambiguities that concern the identification of the presumed known seismogenic sources, and to identify those as yet totally unknown. Our proposed scheme is consistent with the location of the largest earthquakes, the recent evolution of the regions affected by seismogenic faulting, and the predictions of current evolutionary models of the crust overlying a W-dipping subduction zone.
    Description: Published
    Description: 365-388
    Description: 4IT. Banche dati
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Calabrian Arc ; Calabrian earthquakes ; Seismotectonics ; Seismogenic sources ; DISS database ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Postseismic relaxation is modeled for the Irpinia earthquake, which struck southern Italy in 1980. Our goal is to understand the mechanism of surface deformation due to stress relaxation in the deep portion of the crust-lithosphere system for a shallow normal fault source and to infer the rheological properties of the lithosphere in the extensional environment of peninsular Italy. The modeling is carried out within the framework of our normal mode viscoelastic theory at high spatial resolution in order to accurately resolve the vertical surface displacements for a seismic source. The slip distribution over the faults is first inverted from coseismic leveling data, the misfit between observed and modeled vertical displacements being minimized by means of the L2 norm. Slip distribution is then used within the viscoelastic model to invert for the viscosities of the lower crust and generally of the lithosphere. Inversion is based on leveling data sampled along three lines crossing the epicentral area. Postseismic deformation in the Irpinia area is characterized by a broad region of crust upwarping in the footwall of the major fault and downwarping in the hanging wall that is responsible for the long-wavelength features of the vertical displacement pattern. The c2 analysis indicates that the Irpinia earthquake cannot constrain the rheology of the upper mantle but only of the crust; a full search in the viscosity spaces makes it possible to constrain the crustal viscosity to values of the order of 1019 Pa s, in agreement with previous studies carried out in different tectonic environments.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-16
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Lithospheric rheology ; Irpinia earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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