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  • Fisheries  (14,494)
  • Aquaculture  (3,554)
  • General Chemistry
  • 2020-2022  (16,919)
  • 2005-2009  (113)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Thirteen short papers address aspects of competitiveness in the marine electronics instrumentation industry. Topics include activity and status of government initiatives in Japan and Europe to promote this industry; and the possible role of federal-state collaboration in the U.S. Papers address technology transfer between research institutions and the commercial sector; the role of "strategic alliances" in this process; and the "dual-use" concept in effective technology development and commercialization. Other papers address electronic technology applications in speific marine areas, such as the use and implications of the COMSAT mobile satellite communication infrastructure; electronic charts and safety of tanker operations; and instrumentation applications in aquaculture and environmental monitoring.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration through a grant to the Massachusetts Centers of Excellence Corporation, grant No. NA87-AA-D-M00037.
    Keywords: Marine electronics ; Marine instruments ; Competitiveness ; Commercialization ; Marine economics ; State economic initiatives ; Technology transfer ; R&D ; Japan ; Europe ; United States ; Massachusetts ; Hawaii ; Aquaculture ; Tanker safety
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 2
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Fish and fishermen appear to be in a serious decline in New England. The haddock are overfished, inshore herring stocks are depleted, yellowtail flounder and lobster are scarce. The popular image is of grizzled fishermen, their boats chipped, scarred, old-fashioned hulks of wood tied up two and three abreast along the rotting wharves and piers of New England's depressed port towns. In this research project, we wanted to determine the state of the New England fishing industry and to propose acceptable methods for the management of the fishery. During our early discussions with the fishing industry people, we mentioned that we were interested in limited effort programs as they might be applied to New England fishermen. We carefully, and probably tediously, explained the "theory of limited effort" and we were generally thought to be daft. We were told we had things backwards--that the fishing industry needed more fish, more men, more boats - and that the way to accomplish this was to get a 200-mile fishing limit and kick the foreigners out. One of these wishes has come true - in the spring of 1976, P.L. 94-265 established a 200-mile fishing zone off the United States, with regional management councils to make management plans and allocate the resources first to United States fishermen, with surpluses to foreign fishermen.
    Description: Prepared with funds from the Pew Memorial Trust and by the Department of Commerce, NOAA Office of Sea Grant under Grant #04-5-158-8 and Grant #04-6-158-44106, and the Institution's Marine Policy and Ocean Management Program.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Management
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The University of New Hampshire - Open Ocean Aquaculture (UNH-OOA) program has worked for the past few years on developing the technology to deploy and maintain fish cages in open, exposed northern waters. In June 1999, two Sea Station octagonal net cages by Ocean Spar Technologies were deployed with their UNH designed and constructed moorings. In June 2000 the Northern Cage and its mooring were retrieved, examined and repaired , and readied for redeployment. This was a complex operation, initiated by a team of UNH ocean engineers lead by Dr. Barbaros Celikkol. This year's effort was expanded with the addition of a Program Manager (Michael Chambers), the Fishing Vessel Nobska, and researchers from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). During the week of 21 to 25 August 2000, the cage and mooring were assembled and deployed at the UNH-OOA site seven miles offshore the New Hampshire coast, south of the Isle of Shoals. This collaborative effort involved members of the UNH Mechanical Engineering Dept., UNH divers, members of the WHOI Applied Ocean Physics & Engineering Dept. and the Captain and crew of the FV Nobska. Ship support for the deployment was provided by the R/V Gulf Challenger and Galen J. (UNH) and the FV Nobska (a 100 foot fishing vessel based at Woods Hole, MA). The work was favored by light wind and sea conditions. The endeavor resulted in the successful placement of the North Cage and its complex mooring system with load cells and environmental sensors. Unexpected and unexplained tangling of the mooring system, in particular near its grid corner points, was encountered and corrected.
    Description: Fudning was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminstration for the Open Ocean Aquaculture Project under Contract No. NA86RG0016 to the Univesity of New Hampshire and under Subcontracts 00-394 and 01-442 to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Mooring ; Fish cage
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 4
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The first year of the New England Regional Fisheries Management Council has been marked by its experimental aura. Neither the Council nor the various sectors (representatives of the Federal and State agencies, members of the fishing industry, the public at large) were clear as to exactly what they were to do and how they were to do it--except in the broadest, most flexible (ambiguous?) terms. This created certain operational difficulties, and confusion for those whose livelihood was affected by the Council's operation. This latter group, particularly the fishermen, knew little of what went on, save in terms of the 'public facet of the Council--i.e., that portion of the Council's performance which occurred during the monthly meetings which were open to the public and which, supposedly, received public input at that time. This study defines that public face, deliberately avoiding the presentation of any data which was not accessible to the average audience participant, in an attempt to present some of the behavior which all participants demonstrated and which generated responses and reactions on the part of the other sectors. It uses standard anthropological techniques of data gathering and analysis to show the degree to which impression management on the part of all the actors operated in a systematic fashion to produce action, reaction, and counter-action. Particularly emphasized is the communication aspects.
    Description: Prepared with funds from the Pew Memorial Trust and by the Department of Commerce, NOAA Office of Sea Grant under Grant #04-7-158-44104, and the Marine Policy and Ocean Management Program of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; and by sabbatical funding from the State University of New York.
    Keywords: Legislation ; Fisheries ; Sociocultural analysis
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Acoustical Society of America, 2003. This article is posted here by permission of Acoustical Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 114 (2003): 3136-3146, doi:10.1121/1.1619982.
    Description: The depth dependence of fish target strength has mostly eluded experimental investigation because of the need to distinguish it from depth-dependent behavioral effects, which may change the orientation distribution. The boundary-element method (BEM) offers an avenue of approach. Based on detailed morphometric data on 15 gadoid swimbladders, the BEM has been exercised to determine how the orientation dependence of target strength changes with pressure under the assumption that the fish swimbladder remains constant in shape and volume. The backscattering cross section has been computed at a nominal frequency of 38 kHz as a function of orientation for each of three pressures: 1, 11, and 51 atm. Increased variability in target strength and more abundant and stronger resonances are both observed with increasing depth. The respective backscattering cross sections have been averaged with respect to each of four normal distributions of tilt angle, and the corresponding target strengths have been regressed on the logarithm of fish length. The tilt-angle-averaged backscattering cross sections at the highest pressure have also been averaged with respect to frequency over a 2-kHz band for representative conditions of insonification. For all averaging methods, the mean target strength changes only slightly with depth.
    Description: This work began with sponsorship by the European Commission through its RTD-program, Contract No. MAS3-CT95-0031 (BASS), and was completed with support by the Office of Naval Research, Contract No. N000140310368.
    Keywords: Boundary-elements methods ; Aquaculture ; Underwater sound
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2008. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Harmful Algae 7 (2008): 772-781, doi:10.1016/j.hal.2008.03.002.
    Description: In this study, we develop a framework for measuring the value of harmful algal bloom (HAB) predictions. The framework captures the effects of both private and public responses to HABs. Using data from the New England nearshore commercial shellfish fishery and impact estimates for a large-scale HAB event in 2005, we illustrate how the potential value of HAB forecasts may be estimated. The results of our study suggest that the long-term value of a HAB prediction and tracking system for the Gulf of Maine is sensitive to the frequency of HAB events, the accuracy of predictions, the choice of HAB impact measures, and the effectiveness of public and private responses.
    Description: This paper is a result of research funded in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Coastal Ocean Program under award #NA04NOS4780270 to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
    Keywords: Harmful algal bloom (HAB) ; Red tide ; Fisheries ; Value of information ; Forecast ; Marine scientific research
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-11-05
    Description: Los giros ciclónicos son lugares donde se concentra una gran cantidad de partículas suspendidas en la columna de agua, entre ellas el fitoplancton que es una parte importante de la cadena trófica. En el sur del golfo de México (GoM) la mayoría de la flota pesquera de altamar suele moverse entre sitios conocidos, debido a la concentración de organismos. Algunos de estos sitios se encuentran ubicados en el área de influencia del giro ciclónico de la bahía de Campeche. Usando datos de satélite de las corrientes geostróficas, se analizó la variación geográfica de la posición del giro de Campeche, con respecto a las zonas de pesca, para los meses de noviembre a febrero del 2014 al 2017. En el golfo de México el pez sierra (Scomberomorus maculatus o Spanish mackerel), que por su captura se localiza en el treceavo lugar a nivel nacional en México, reporta la mayor captura en la zona de Campeche. Esta especie, al igual que otros organismos marinos del sur del GoM, aprovechan de manera indirecta los nutrientes aportados por el giro de Campeche, el cual se desplaza de acuerdo con las condiciones oceánicas y atmosféricas de mesoescala, de ahí la importancia de conocer su ubicación para las pesquerías, tanto de altamar como artesanales. Por tal motivo en este trabajo se pretende describir la relación que existe entre el giro de Campeche, el cual aporta una gran cantidad de nutrientes y la captura del pez sierra.
    Description: Cyclonic gyres are places where a large amount of suspended particles are concentrated, among them the phytoplankton, an important piece of the trophic chain. In the southern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) most of the fishing fleet usually goes to well-known sites. Those are sites where the organisms use to concentrate. Some of these sites are located in the area of influence of the cyclonic gyre of the Bay of Campeche. Using satellite data of the geostrophic currents, we analyzed the geographical variation of the position of the Campeche gyre, with respect to the fishing areas, for the months of November to February 2014 to 2017. In the Gulf of Mexico, the sawfish (Scomberomorus maculatus or Spanish mackerel), which due to its capture is located in the thirteenth place at a national level in Mexico, reports the highest capture in the Campeche area. This species, as well as other marine organisms from the south of GoM, indirectly take advantage of the nutrients provided by the Campeche gyre, which moves according to the oceanic and atmospheric conditions of the mesoscale, hence the importance of knowing its location for fisheries, both offshore and artisanal. For this reason, this paper aims to describe the relationship between the Campeche gyre, which provides a large amount of nutrients, and the capture of sawfish.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Golfo de México ; Pesquerías ; Fitoplancton ; Variabilidad anual del giro de Campeche ; Gulf of Mexico ; Fisheries ; Phytoplankton ; Annual variability of the Campeche gyre
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.32-37
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-11-05
    Description: La demanda de productos pesqueros en el mercado mundial está aumentando, particularmente en Asia, dada la afluencia y la apreciación de los beneficios que ofrecen estos alimentos para la salud humana. Esto, combinado con el colapso significativo de las producciones provenientes de la pesca de captura, ha traído como consecuencia un desarrollo vertiginoso de la acuicultura. Hoy, la acuicultura mundial es el sector de más rápido crecimiento de la industria alimentaria y representa aproximadamente el 45,6 % del consumo mundial de pescado. Sin embargo, el rápido desarrollo de sistemas semiintensivos, especialmente la acuicultura marina intensiva, ha generado preocupación a nivel mundial por los posibles impactos ambientales, económicos y sociales del uso de estos sistemas. Durante los últimos años se han llevado a cabo significativas investigaciones sobre el desarrollo de sistemas sostenibles de producción de alimentos en agua salada, mediante el uso de sistemas mecánicos como, por ejemplo, los Sistemas de Recirculación Acuícola (RAS) y otros con un enfoque ecosistémico como la Acuicultura Multitrófica Integrada (AMTI). Este trabajo se basa en mostrar las características del desarrollo de los sistemas AMTI y las posibilidades de su aplicación como sistemas de producción amigables con el medio ambiente, que contribuyan a la seguridad alimentaria, orientados a fortalecer la resiliencia de las comunidades pesqueras y acuícolas dando respuesta a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030.
    Description: The demand for fish products in the world market is increasing, particularly in Asia, given the influx and the appreciation of the benefits that this food offers for human health. This, combined with the significant collapse of production from capture fisheries, has led to the rapid development of aquaculture. Today, global aquaculture is the fastest growing sector of the food industry and accounts for approximately 45,6 % of global fish consumption. However, the rapid development of semi-intensive systems, especially intensive marine aquaculture, has generated worldwide concern about the possible environmental, economic and social impacts of the use of these systems. During the last few years, significant research has been carried out on the development of sustainable saltwater food production systems, using mechanical systems such as Aquaculture Recirculation Systems (ARS) and others with an ecosystem approach such as Integrated Multi-trophic Aquaculture (IMTA). This work is based on showing the characteristics of the development of the IMTA systems and the possibilities of their application as environmentally friendly production systems that contribute to food safety, oriented to strengthen the resilience of fishing and aquaculture communities by responding to the Sustainable Development Objectives of Agenda 2030.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Acuicultura ; Impacto ; Desarrollo sostenible ; Medio ambiente ; Alimentos ; Aquaculture ; Impact ; Sustainable development ; Environment ; Food
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.8-20
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-10-19
    Description: The analysis of current scientific, technological, regulatory and methodical literature concerning cultivation and biotechnology of non-traditional species of fish (arctic charr) and valuable species of marine invertebrates (red king crab and sea urchin), as well as technology for complex processing of aquatic organisms has been carried out. The modern trends and problems of cultivation and use of these objects have been described. It has been shown that the freshwater form of Arctic charr has been successfully used in aquaculture in many countries while the aquaculture of anadromous (migratory) charr as an object of mariculture is still poorly developed and using this fish in mariculture is still too early. It is possible that in the near future as a result of breeding selection or interspecific crosses some forms with the required properties will be obtained. An analysis of published data suggests that there were no regular maintenance work in Russia on cultivation of sea urchins for obtaining their high-quality products to establish a basis (ingredients) of production for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. The main efforts of previous studies on aquaculture of red king crab were aimed at the cultivation of larvae and postlarvae and rearing of mature males to reach an appropriate commercial quality. However, it should be noted that the methods of cultivation of crabs aged 3–5 years have not yet been well developed. There is also no information on the availability of accessible and relatively cheap ways to accelerate the molting process in crab, and it is known that just a long period of growing this crustacean (the commercial size is reached at age of 9–10 years) prevents the development of the red king crab aquaculture in a commercial scale. Modern processing of marine aquatic organisms should be based on a comprehensive, non-waste approach of producing traditional foods, therapeutic and prophylactic means and feed for aquaculture. The establishment of such a united technological cycle for processing red king crabs, sea urchins, and arctic charrs is a promising direction of development of the fish processing industry in the Murmansk region.
    Description: Проведен анализ современной научно-технической, нормативной, методической литературы, касающейся биотехнологий выращивания нетрадиционных видов рыб (арктического гольца), ценных морских видов беспозвоночных животных (камчатского краба и морского ежа), а также технологий комплексной переработки гидробионтов. Описаны современные направления и проблемы культивирования и использования данных объектов. Показано, что пресноводные формы арктического гольца успешно используются в аквакультуре во многих странах мира, освоение анадромных (проходных) гольцов в качестве объекта марикультуры остается малоизученным, считать его объектом марикультуры пока рано. Вполне возможно, что в скором времени в результате селекционного отбора или межвидовых скрещиваний будут получены формы с необходимыми свойствами. Анализ литературных данных позволяет заключить, что в РФ не проводились регулярные работы по аквариальному содержанию морских ежей с целью получения высококачественного сырья для создания основы (ингредиентов) продукции лечебно-профилактического назначения. Основные усилия предыдущих исследований искусственного разведения камчатского краба были направлены на выращивание жизнестойкой молоди (мальков) и подращивание некондиционных особей до товарного качества. Вместе с тем следует отметить, что способы культивирования крабов в возрасте 3–5 лет совершенно не изучены. Также нет сведений о наличии доступных и относительно дешевых способов, направленных на ускорение линьки краба, а известно, что именно долгий период роста этого ракообразного (товарного размера особи достигают за 9–10 лет) препятствует развитию аквакультуры вида в промышленных масштабах. Современная переработка морских гидробионтов должна основываться на комплексном безотходном подходе с получением традиционных пищевых продуктов, лечебно-профилактических средств и кормов для аквакультуры. Создание подобного единого технологического цикла при переработке камчатского краба, морских ежей и арктического гольца является перспективным направлением развития рыбоперерабатывающей отрасли на территории Мурманской области.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; King crab ; Sea urchin ; Arctic char ; Biologically active substances of hydrobionts ; Аквакультура ; Камчатский краб ; Морской еж ; Арктический голец ; Биологически активные вещества гидробионтов ; Aquaculture ; Аквакультура
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.355-370
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: To assess the impact of antibiotic use in aquaculture in Nha Trang bay, we conducted this study with the aim of assessing antibiotic resistance of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria isolated from water and sediment around shrimp/fish cages in the Nha Trang bay. 109 strains of Vibrio, Salmonella-Shigella and Aeromonas groups were isolated in the surrounding environment of farming areas in Dam Bay and Hon Mieu. Antimicrobial resistance test of these 109 strains showed that in the water environment in Dam Bay, TET (96.6%) and NIT (92.5%) were the two antibiotics with the highest rates of resistant bacteria while no bacteria were resistant to RIF. All 5 types of antibiotics had a statistically insignificant percentage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in water samples at Hon Mieu, ranging from 33.3% to 68.9%. Also in the water environment, the rate of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Dam Bay was not influenced by the distance to the cages (42.5–66.6%). Meanwhile, in Hon Mieu, the highest rate of resistant bacteria was observed at the distance of 200 m (100%) away from cages and the lowest rate at the distance of 100 m (20%). In the sediment environment around the cages, both the Dam Bay and Hon Mieu farming areas showed the highest rates of antibiotic-resistant bacteria against TET, NIF and RIF had the lowest rate of resistant bacteria. Among the total of 109 strains tested for antibiotic resistance, 2 strains labeled TCBS_HM200 m and SS_HM200 m were found to be resistant to all 5 tested antibiotics. These two strains were respectively identified as Vibrio harveyi and Oceanimonas sp.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Nha Trang bay ; Aquaculture ; Sediment ; Seawater ; Pathogen ; Antibiotic resistance
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp. 199-209
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