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  • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)  (13.913)
  • Hindawi
  • 2025-2025
  • 2015-2019  (18.543)
  • 1975-1979
  • 2017  (18.543)
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  • 2025-2025
  • 2015-2019  (18.543)
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  • 1
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    Contribution of Atmospheric Advection to the Amplified Winter Warming in the Arctic North Atlantic Region (2017)
    Hindawi
    In:  EPIC3Advances in Meteorology, Hindawi, (492862), ISSN: 1687-9317
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-03-05
    Beschreibung: Arctic Amplification of climate warming is caused by various feedback processes in the atmosphere-ocean-ice system and yields the strongest temperature increase during winter in the Arctic North Atlantic region. In our study, we attempt to quantify the advective contribution to the observed atmospheric warming in the Svalbard area. Based on radiosonde measurements from Ny-Ålesund, a strong dependence of the tropospheric temperature on the synoptic flow direction is revealed. Using FLEXTRA backward trajectories, an increase of advection from the lower latitude Atlantic region towards Ny-Ålesund is found that is attributed to a change in atmospheric circulation patterns. We find that about one-quarter (0.45 K per decade) of the observed atmospheric winter near surface warming trend in the North Atlantic region of the Arctic (2 K per decade) is due to increased advection of warm and moist air from the lower latitude Atlantic region, affecting the entire troposphere.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Table of contents (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-30
    Beschreibung: Presents the table of contents for this issue of the periodical.
    Print ISSN: 1545-598X
    Digitale ISSN: 1558-0571
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 3
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    A Framework of Rapid Regional Tsunami Damage Recognition From Post-event TerraSAR-X Imagery Using Deep Neural Networks (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-30
    Beschreibung: Near real-time building damage mapping is an indispensable prerequisite for governments to make decisions for disaster relief. With high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, such as TerraSAR-X, the provision of such products in a fast and effective way becomes possible. In this letter, a deep learning-based framework for rapid regional tsunami damage recognition using post-event SAR imagery is proposed. To perform such a rapid damage mapping, a series of tile-based image split analysis is employed to generate the data set. Next, a selection algorithm with the SqueezeNet network is developed to swiftly distinguish between built-up (BU) and nonbuilt-up regions. Finally, a recognition algorithm with a modified wide residual network is developed to classify the BU regions into wash away, collapsed, and slightly damaged regions. Experiments performed on the TerraSAR-X data from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan show a BU region extraction accuracy of 80.4% and a damage-level recognition accuracy of 74.8%, respectively. Our framework takes around 2 h to train on a new region, and only several minutes for prediction.
    Print ISSN: 1545-598X
    Digitale ISSN: 1558-0571
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 4
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    Unsupervised Object-Based Change Detection via a Weibull Mixture Model-Based Binarization for High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-30
    Beschreibung: Object-based change detection (CD) is an effective method of identifying detailed changes in land features by contrastively observing the same areas of high-resolution remote sensing images at different times. Binarization is the important step in partitioning changed and unchanged classes in the unsupervised domain. We formulate a novel binarization technique based on the Weibull mixture model, where generated similarity measure images are modeled using a mixture of nonnormal Weibull distributions. The parameters in the model are further globally estimated by employing a genetic algorithm. Two data sets with high-resolution remote sensing images are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results demonstrate that the method allows better and more robust unsupervised object-based CD than do state-of-the-art threshold-based and clustering-based methods. Advantages of the proposed method are embodied in the modeling of relatively few data of the changed class with a skewed and long tail distribution.
    Print ISSN: 1545-598X
    Digitale ISSN: 1558-0571
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 5
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    Object-Based Change Detection for VHR Images Based on Multiscale Uncertainty Analysis (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-30
    Beschreibung: Scale is of great significance in image analysis and interpretation. In order to utilize scale information, multiscale fusion is usually employed to combine change detection (CD) results from different scales. However, CD results from different scales are usually treated independently, which ignores the scale contextual information. To overcome this drawback, this letter introduces a novel object-based change detection (OBCD) technique for unsupervised CD in very high-resolution (VHR) images by incorporating multiscale uncertainty analysis. First, two temporal images are stacked and segmented using a series of optimal segmentation scales ranging from coarse to fine. Second, an initial CD result is obtained by fusing the pixel-based CD result and OBCD result based on Dempter–Shafer (DS) evidence theory. Third, multiscale uncertainty analysis is implemented from coarse scale to fine scale by support vector machine classification. Finally, a CD map is generated by combining all the available information in all the scales. The experimental results employing SPOT5 and GF-1 images demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.
    Print ISSN: 1545-598X
    Digitale ISSN: 1558-0571
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 6
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    Roll Steering of Yaw–Pitch Steered SAR for Reducing Ground–Target Pointing Error (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-30
    Beschreibung: While attitude steering in the yaw and pitch axes effectively minimizes a residual Doppler centroid in spaceborne synthetic aperture radar systems, it can induce a ground–target pointing error due to the steered radar boresight. In other words, the beams after steering may no longer illuminate the desired target. In this letter, a novel method is proposed to compensate for the target error. The roll angle and image start time, the two degrees of freedom that may be modified while maintaining the zero Doppler centroid condition, are utilized as control parameters. By correcting the roll and time, the associated target error can be significantly reduced. Two solutions are proposed in this letter. The first is a numerical accurate solution, and the second is an analytical approximate solution. One of the solutions can be implemented on-board after a tradeoff study is performed between the remaining target error and computational load. Simulation results verify that the target error is considerably reduced while the Doppler centroid is minimized with the proposed methods.
    Print ISSN: 1545-598X
    Digitale ISSN: 1558-0571
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 7
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    2- and 3-D Urban Change Detection With Quad-PolSAR Data (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-30
    Beschreibung: In this letter, an unsupervised 2-D and 3-D urban change detection scheme is proposed exploiting Quad-PolSAR data. Changes are extracted by segmenting the data into superpixels, to enhance the balance among change components and increase estimability of prior distributions. Positive and negative change components for built-up areas, in both the horizontal and the vertical directions, are properly extracted by assuming a multivariate Gaussian mixed model applied to a subset of polarimetric parameters at the superpixel level. The proposed method is tested on multitemporal Quad-PolSAR images and the results confirm its effectiveness. The selection of polarimetric decomposition measures that are most useful to the task is also experimentally justified.
    Print ISSN: 1545-598X
    Digitale ISSN: 1558-0571
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 8
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    Iterative Deblending of Simultaneous-Source Seismic Data With Structuring Median Constraint (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-30
    Beschreibung: Simultaneous-source shooting can help reduce the acquisition time cost, but at the expense of introducing strong interference (blending noise) into the acquired seismic data. It has been demonstrated previously that the deblending problem can be considered as an inversion process. In this letter, we propose a new iterative approach to solve this inversion problem. In the proposed approach, a new coherency-promoting constraint, called structuring median filtering (SMF), is proposed and used to regularize the estimated model in each iteration. The SMF processes the signal by the interactions of the input signal and another given small section of signal, namely, the structuring element. The SMF is more robust than other coherency-promoting filtering such as the median filtering and mathematical morphological filtering. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the iterative deblending based on the SMF constraint obtains a better performance and a faster convergence than the low-rank and compressed sensing constraint-based deblending approaches.
    Print ISSN: 1545-598X
    Digitale ISSN: 1558-0571
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 9
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    Intercalibrating the MODIS and AVHRR Visible Bands Over Homogeneous Land Surfaces (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-30
    Beschreibung: Sensor intercalibration has been widely performed over low-latitude deserts and circumpolar regions where surface conditions are generally well characterized. This letter proposes a new method for intercalibrating visible bands of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) over homogenous land surfaces that differ in brightness, in order to improve calibration results. The method is based on the extended simultaneous nadir overpass events. Initially, the spectral band adjustment factors are calculated using surface reflectances in the MODIS 552 and 645-nm bands. Sensor differences related to atmospheric effects are corrected using MODIS atmospheric parameters and MODIS/AVHRR sun-target-sensor geometries. In view of excellent MODIS calibration accuracy, the residual MODIS–AVHRR difference may result from AVHRR calibration bias. A preliminary validation study over radiometric sites shows <1.0% uncertainty for the high-gain calibration and <2.0% uncertainty for the low-gain calibration. The proposed method allows sensor intercalibration over varying land surfaces, and contributes to a collection of sensor calibration and intercalibration results of AVHRR sensors.
    Print ISSN: 1545-598X
    Digitale ISSN: 1558-0571
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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  • 10
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    Geometric Accuracy Analysis for GaoFen3 Stereo Pair Orientation (2017)
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-30
    Beschreibung: Due to the all-weather and all-day advantage and the high geometric accuracy, the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) stereo pair has a wide application in digital elevation model (DEM) production and ground control points (GCPs) extraction around the world. The GaoFen3 (GF3) remote sensing satellite is the first C-band multipolarization SAR satellite with a resolution of 1 m in China and plays an important role in commercial exploitation and scientific research. This letter performs a comprehensive analysis of the geometric accuracy for GF3 stereo pair orientation. By analyzing the orientation error sources, it is proven that the affine transformation model in image space can effectively compensate the unmodeled errors in GF3 imagery. Based on the rational polynomial coefficient model, the integrated orientation model for the GF3 stereo pair is presented here. Moreover, the model parameters and weight determination are further studied to analyze the influence of weight matrixes on geometric accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed integrated orientation model can be effectively used for the GF3 stereo pair. The GCPs, convergent angle, and weight setting are the key factors influencing the geometric accuracy.
    Print ISSN: 1545-598X
    Digitale ISSN: 1558-0571
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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