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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (82)
  • Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
  • Frontiers Media S.A.
  • UNESCO
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  • 2020-2023
  • 2000-2004  (82)
  • 1995-1999
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2000-12-23
    Description: Niemann-Pick type C2 disease (NP-C2) is a fatal hereditary disorder of unknown etiology characterized by defective egress of cholesterol from lysosomes. Here we show that the disease is caused by a deficiency in HE1, a ubiquitously expressed lysosomal protein identified previously as a cholesterol-binding protein. HE1 was undetectable in fibroblasts from NP-C2 patients but present in fibroblasts from unaffected controls and NP-C1 patients. Mutations in the HE1 gene, which maps to chromosome 14q24.3, were found in NP-C2 patients but not in controls. Treatment of NP-C2 fibroblasts with exogenous recombinant HE1 protein ameliorated lysosomal accumulation of low density lipoprotein-derived cholesterol.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naureckiene, S -- Sleat, D E -- Lackland, H -- Fensom, A -- Vanier, M T -- Wattiaux, R -- Jadot, M -- Lobel, P -- DK45992/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK54317/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- NS37918/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 22;290(5500):2298-301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11125141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; CHO Cells ; *Carrier Proteins ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholesterol/*metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Humans ; Lysosomes/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Niemann-Pick Diseases/*genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptor, IGF Type 2/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism/pharmacology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2000-12-09
    Description: Genetic disorders affecting cellular responses to DNA damage are characterized by high rates of translocations involving antigen receptor loci and increased susceptibility to lymphoid malignancies. We report that the Nijmegen breakage syndrome protein (NBS1) and histone gamma-H2AX, which associate with irradiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), are also found at sites of VDJ (variable, diversity, joining) recombination-induced DSBs. In developing thymocytes, NBS1 and gamma-H2AX form nuclear foci that colocalize with the T cell receptor alpha locus in response to recombination activating gene (RAG) protein-mediated VDJ cleavage. Our results suggest that surveillance of T cell receptor recombination intermediates by NBS1 and gamma-H2AX may be important for preventing oncogenic translocations.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721589/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721589/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, H T -- Bhandoola, A -- Difilippantonio, M J -- Zhu, J -- Brown, M J -- Tai, X -- Rogakou, E P -- Brotz, T M -- Bonner, W M -- Ried, T -- Nussenzweig, A -- Z99 CA999999/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 8;290(5498):1962-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11110662" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; DNA Damage ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; *Gene Rearrangement, alpha-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor ; *Genes, T-Cell Receptor alpha ; Histones/*metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; *Recombination, Genetic ; T-Lymphocytes/*metabolism
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2000-12-09
    Description: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem affecting an estimated 170 million individuals worldwide. We report the identification of multiple independent adaptive mutations that cluster in the HCV nonstructural protein NS5A and confer increased replicative ability in vitro. Among these adaptive mutations were a single amino acid substitution that allowed HCV RNA replication in 10% of transfected hepatoma cells and a deletion of 47 amino acids encompassing the interferon (IFN) sensitivity determining region (ISDR). Independent of the ISDR, IFN-alpha rapidly inhibited HCV RNA replication in vitro. This work establishes a robust, cell-based system for genetic and functional analyses of HCV replication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blight, K J -- Kolykhalov, A A -- Rice, C M -- AI40034/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA57973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 8;290(5498):1972-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11110665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Substitution ; Hepacivirus/drug effects/genetics/*physiology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha/pharmacology ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Point Mutation ; RNA Replicase/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Viral/*biosynthesis ; *Replicon ; Sequence Deletion ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2000-12-02
    Description: After intravascular delivery of genetically marked adult mouse bone marrow into lethally irradiated normal adult hosts, donor-derived cells expressing neuronal proteins (neuronal phenotypes) developed in the central nervous system. Flow cytometry revealed a population of donor-derived cells in the brain with characteristics distinct from bone marrow. Confocal microscopy of individual cells showed that hundreds of marrow-derived cells in brain sections expressed gene products typical of neurons (NeuN, 200-kilodalton neurofilament, and class III beta-tubulin) and were able to activate the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). The generation of neuronal phenotypes in the adult brain 1 to 6 months after an adult bone marrow transplant demonstrates a remarkable plasticity of adult tissues with potential clinical applications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brazelton, T R -- Rossi, F M -- Keshet, G I -- Blau, H M -- AG09521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- CA59717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD18179/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 1;290(5497):1775-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Pharmacology, CCSR 4215, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5175, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11099418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Bone Marrow Cells/*cytology ; *Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Brain/*cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Size ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Luminescent Proteins/analysis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis/genetics ; Neurons/chemistry/*cytology/metabolism ; Olfactory Bulb/cytology ; Phenotype ; Phosphorylation
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2000-12-02
    Description: OX2 (CD200) is a broadly expressed membrane glycoprotein, shown here to be important for regulation of the macrophage lineage. In mice lacking CD200, macrophage lineage cells, including brain microglia, exhibited an activated phenotype and were more numerous. Upon facial nerve transection, damaged CD200-deficient neurons elicited an accelerated microglial response. Lack of CD200 resulted in a more rapid onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Outside the brain, disruption of CD200-CD200 receptor interaction precipitated susceptibility to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice normally resistant to this disease. Thus, in diverse tissues OX2 delivers an inhibitory signal for the macrophage lineage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoek, R M -- Ruuls, S R -- Murphy, C A -- Wright, G J -- Goddard, R -- Zurawski, S M -- Blom, B -- Homola, M E -- Streit, W J -- Brown, M H -- Barclay, A N -- Sedgwick, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 1;290(5497):1768-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉DNAX Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, 901 California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11099416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD ; Antigens, Surface/*metabolism ; Arthritis, Experimental/immunology/pathology ; Cell Lineage ; Central Nervous System/immunology/pathology ; Denervation ; *Down-Regulation ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology/pathology ; Facial Nerve ; Gene Targeting ; Joints/immunology/pathology ; Lymph Nodes/cytology ; Macrophage Activation ; Macrophages/cytology/metabolism/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microglia/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Rats ; Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism ; Spleen/cytology
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2000-11-25
    Description: Evidence for a new signaling mechanism consisting of ligand-independent lateral propagation of receptor activation in the plasma membrane is presented. We visualized the phosphorylation of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged ErbB1 (ErbB1-GFP) receptors in cells focally stimulated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) covalently attached to beads. This was achieved by quantitative imaging of protein reaction states in cells by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) with global analysis of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) data. The rapid and extensive propagation of receptor phosphorylation over the entire cell after focal stimulation demonstrates a signaling wave at the plasma membrane resulting in full activation of all receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Verveer, P J -- Wouters, F S -- Reynolds, A R -- Bastiaens, P I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 24;290(5496):1567-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cell Biology and Cell Biophysics Program, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11090353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arsenicals/pharmacology ; Carbocyanines ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Diffusion ; Dimerization ; Endocytosis ; Energy Transfer ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; Ligands ; Luminescent Proteins ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Microspheres ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine/immunology ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2000-11-25
    Description: beta-Arrestins, originally discovered in the context of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization, also function in internalization and signaling of these receptors. We identified c-Jun amino-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) as a binding partner of beta-arrestin 2 using a yeast two-hybrid screen and by coimmunoprecipitation from mouse brain extracts or cotransfected COS-7 cells. The upstream JNK activators apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase 4 were also found in complex with beta-arrestin 2. Cellular transfection of beta-arrestin 2 caused cytosolic retention of JNK3 and enhanced JNK3 phosphorylation stimulated by ASK1. Moreover, stimulation of the angiotensin II type 1A receptor activated JNK3 and triggered the colocalization of beta-arrestin 2 and active JNK3 to intracellular vesicles. Thus, beta-arrestin 2 acts as a scaffold protein, which brings the spatial distribution and activity of this MAPK module under the control of a GPCR.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDonald, P H -- Chow, C W -- Miller, W E -- Laporte, S A -- Field, M E -- Lin, F T -- Davis, R J -- Lefkowitz, R J -- CA65861/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA85422/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL16037/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 24;290(5496):1574-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3821, Durham, NC 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11090355" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiotensin II/metabolism/pharmacology ; Animals ; Arrestins/genetics/*metabolism ; COS Cells ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytosol/enzymology/metabolism ; Endosomes/enzymology/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; *MAP Kinase Kinase 4 ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5 ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/*metabolism ; *MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Mice ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 10 ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; Receptors, Angiotensin/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Transfection ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2000-11-18
    Description: PSD-95 is a neuronal PDZ protein that associates with receptors and cytoskeletal elements at synapses, but whose function is uncertain. We found that overexpression of PSD-95 in hippocampal neurons can drive maturation of glutamatergic synapses. PSD-95 expression enhanced postsynaptic clustering and activity of glutamate receptors. Postsynaptic expression of PSD-95 also enhanced maturation of the presynaptic terminal. These effects required synaptic clustering of PSD-95 but did not rely on its guanylate kinase domain. PSD-95 expression also increased the number and size of dendritic spines. These results demonstrate that PSD-95 can orchestrate synaptic development and are suggestive of roles for PSD-95 in synapse stabilization and plasticity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉El-Husseini, A E -- Schnell, E -- Chetkovich, D M -- Nicoll, R A -- Bredt, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 17;290(5495):1364-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11082065" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Interneurons/cytology/metabolism/*physiology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Membrane Proteins ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Presynaptic Terminals/physiology ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Pyramidal Cells/cytology/metabolism/*physiology ; Rats ; Receptor Aggregation ; Receptors, AMPA/metabolism ; Receptors, Glutamate/*metabolism ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism ; Synapses/metabolism/*physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; Synaptic Vesicles/physiology ; Transfection
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2000-11-10
    Description: Reciprocal gene activation and restriction during cell type differentiation from a common lineage is a hallmark of mammalian organogenesis. A key question, then, is whether a critical transcriptional activator of cell type-specific gene targets can also restrict expression of the same genes in other cell types. Here, we show that whereas the pituitary-specific POU domain factor Pit-1 activates growth hormone gene expression in one cell type, the somatotrope, it restricts its expression from a second cell type, the lactotrope. This distinction depends on a two-base pair spacing in accommodation of the bipartite POU domains on a conserved growth hormone promoter site. The allosteric effect on Pit-1, in combination with other DNA binding factors, results in the recruitment of a corepressor complex, including nuclear receptor corepressor N-CoR, which, unexpectedly, is required for active long-term repression of the growth hormone gene in lactotropes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scully, K M -- Jacobson, E M -- Jepsen, K -- Lunyak, V -- Viadiu, H -- Carriere, C -- Rose, D W -- Hooshmand, F -- Aggarwal, A K -- Rosenfeld, M G -- R01 DK18477/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK54802/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM49327/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 10;290(5494):1127-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11073444" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line ; Conserved Sequence ; Crystallization ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Reporter ; Growth Hormone/*genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1 ; Pituitary Gland/cytology/*metabolism ; Prolactin/*genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Rats ; Repressor Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription Factor Pit-1 ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcriptional Activation
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2000-11-04
    Description: Establishment and maintenance of an intracellular niche are critical to the success of an intracellular pathogen. Here, the pore-forming protein listeriolysin O (LLO), secreted by Listeria monocytogenes, was shown to contain a PEST-like sequence (P, Pro; E, Glu; S, Ser; T, Thr) that is essential for the virulence and intracellular compartmentalization of this pathogen. Mutants lacking the PEST-like sequence entered the host cytosol but subsequently permeabilized and killed the host cell. LLO lacking the PEST-like sequence accumulated in the host-cell cytosol, suggesting that this sequence targets LLO for degradation. Transfer of the sequence to perfringolysin O transformed this toxic cytolysin into a nontoxic derivative that facilitated intracellular growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Decatur, A L -- Portnoy, D A -- AI10283/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI27655/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI027655/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI029619/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 3;290(5493):992-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11062133" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bacterial Toxins/chemistry ; Cell Line ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism/toxicity ; Hemolysin Proteins ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism ; Listeria monocytogenes/genetics/metabolism/*pathogenicity ; Listeriosis/microbiology ; Macrophages/microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phagosomes/microbiology ; Phosphorylation ; Sequence Deletion ; Virulence
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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