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  • Articles  (55)
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  • Articles  (55)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1996-12-20
    Description: The human Kv1.5 potassium channel (hKv1.5) contains proline-rich sequences identical to those that bind to Src homology 3 (SH3) domains. Direct association of the Src tyrosine kinase with cloned hKv1.5 and native hKv1.5 in human myocardium was observed. This interaction was mediated by the proline-rich motif of hKv1.5 and the SH3 domain of Src. Furthermore, hKv1.5 was tyrosine phosphorylated, and the channel current was suppressed, in cells coexpressing v-Src. These results provide direct biochemical evidence for a signaling complex composed of a potassium channel and a protein tyrosine kinase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holmes, T C -- Fadool, D A -- Ren, R -- Levitan, I B -- F32 NS009952/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Dec 20;274(5295):2089-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8953041" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Humans ; Kv1.5 Potassium Channel ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Myocardium/chemistry ; Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src)/metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine/metabolism ; Potassium Channels/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transfection ; src Homology Domains/*physiology ; src-Family Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1996-12-20
    Description: Adipocyte differentiation is an important component of obesity and other metabolic diseases. This process is strongly inhibited by many mitogens and oncogenes. Several growth factors that inhibit fat cell differentiation caused mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase-mediated phosphorylation of the dominant adipogenic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and reduction of its transcriptional activity. Expression of PPARgamma with a nonphosphorylatable mutation at this site (serine-112) yielded cells with increased sensitivity to ligand-induced adipogenesis and resistance to inhibition of differentiation by mitogens. These results indicate that covalent modification of PPARgamma by serum and growth factors is a major regulator of the balance between cell growth and differentiation in the adipose cell lineage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hu, E -- Kim, J B -- Sarraf, P -- Spiegelman, B M -- R37DK31405/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Dec 20;274(5295):2100-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8953045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3 Cells ; Adipocytes/*cytology/metabolism ; Animals ; Blood ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Flavonoids/pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Ligands ; Mice ; Mitogens/pharmacology ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Transfection
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1996-12-20
    Description: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling was analyzed in mammalian cells conditionally defective for receptor-mediated endocytosis. EGF-dependent cell proliferation was enhanced in endocytosis-defective cells. However, early EGF-dependent signaling events were not uniformly up-regulated. A subset of signal transducers required the normal endocytic trafficking of EGFR for full activation. Thus, endocytic trafficking of activated EGFR plays a critical role not only in attenuating EGFR signaling but also in establishing and controlling specific signaling pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vieira, A V -- Lamaze, C -- Schmid, S L -- CA58689/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA69099/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Dec 20;274(5295):2086-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. slschmid@scripps.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8953040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; *Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Clathrin/*physiology ; Coated Pits, Cell-Membrane/physiology ; Dynamins ; *Endocytosis ; Enzyme Activation ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism/pharmacology ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/physiology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Phospholipase C gamma ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/metabolism ; Phosphotyrosine/metabolism ; Proteins/metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/*metabolism ; Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; *Signal Transduction ; Type C Phospholipases/metabolism
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1996-12-06
    Description: The functions of the low-affinity p75 nerve growth factor receptor (p75(NGFR)) in the central nervous system were explored in vivo. In normal mice, approximately 25 percent of the cholinergic basal forebrain neurons did not express TrkA and died between postnatal day 6 and 15. This loss did not occur in p75(NGFR)-deficient mice or in normal mice systemically injected with a p75(NGFR)-inhibiting peptide. Control, but not p75(NGFR)-deficient, mice also had fewer cholinergic striatal interneurons. Apparently, p75(NGFR) mediates apoptosis of these developing neurons in the absence of TrkA, and modulation of p75(NGFR) can promote neuronal survival. Cholinergic basal forebrain neurons are involved in learning and memory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van der Zee, C E -- Ross, G M -- Riopelle, R J -- Hagg, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Dec 6;274(5293):1729-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tupper Building, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4H7, Canada. thagg@is.dal.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8939868" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Cell Survival ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/metabolism ; DNA Fragmentation ; Interneurons/cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neostriatum/cytology ; Neurons/*cytology/enzymology ; Oligopeptides/pharmacology ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/*cytology ; Phosphorylation ; Prosencephalon/*cytology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Purkinje Cells/cytology ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor ; Receptor, trkA ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/deficiency/metabolism/*physiology
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1996-11-15
    Description: The initiation of anaphase and exit from mitosis require the activation of a proteolytic system that ubiquitinates and degrades cyclin B. The regulated component of this system is a large ubiquitin ligase complex, termed the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) or cyclosome. Purified Xenopus laevis APC was found to be composed of eight major subunits, at least four of which became phosphorylated in mitosis. In addition to CDC27, CDC16, and CDC23, APC contained a homolog of Aspergillus nidulans BIME, a protein essential for anaphase. Because mutation of bimE can bypass the interphase arrest induced by either nimA mutation or unreplicated DNA, it appears that ubiquitination catalyzed by APC may also negatively regulate entry into mitosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peters, J M -- King, R W -- Hoog, C -- Kirschner, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Nov 15;274(5290):1199-201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8895470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; *Anaphase ; Animals ; Aspergillus/chemistry/cytology/metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Cyclins/metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Fungal Proteins/analysis/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Ligases/*chemistry/metabolism ; *Mitosis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Ovum ; Phosphorylation ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; Xenopus laevis
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1996-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taylor, S I -- Barr, V -- Reitman, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Nov 15;274(5290):1151-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Diabetes Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1829, USA. simeon_taylor@nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8966588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipocytes/physiology ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus/*etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*etiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Humans ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Insulin Antagonists ; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Obese ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)/genetics ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Proteins/pharmacology/*secretion ; Receptor, Insulin/metabolism ; *Receptors, Cell Surface ; Receptors, Leptin ; Signal Transduction
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1996-11-15
    Description: Leptin mediates its effects on food intake through the hypothalamic form of its receptor OB-R. Variants of OB-R are found in other tissues, but their function is unknown. Here, an OB-R variant was found in human hepatic cells. Exposure of these cells to leptin, at concentrations comparable with those present in obese individuals, caused attenuation of several insulin-induced activities, including tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), association of the adapter molecule growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 with IRS-1, and down-regulation of gluconeogenesis. In contrast, leptin increased the activity of IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. These in vitro studies raise the possibility that leptin modulates insulin activities in obese individuals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, B -- Novick, D -- Rubinstein, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Nov 15;274(5290):1185-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel. lvrub@weizmann.weizmann.ac.il〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8895466" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Down-Regulation/drug effects ; GRB2 Adaptor Protein ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects ; Gluconeogenesis/drug effects ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Insulin Antagonists ; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins ; Leptin ; Liver/cytology/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)/genetics/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/metabolism ; Phosphotyrosine/metabolism ; Proteins/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Receptor, Insulin/metabolism ; *Receptors, Cell Surface ; Receptors, Leptin ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1996-11-15
    Description: Exposure of mammalian cells to ultraviolet (UV) light or high osmolarity strongly activates the c-Jun amino-terminal protein kinase (JNK) cascade, causing induction of many target genes. Exposure to UV light or osmotic shock induced clustering and internalization of cell surface receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-1 (IL-1). Activation of the EGF and TNF receptors was also detected biochemically. Whereas activation of each receptor alone resulted in modest activation of JNK, coadministration of EGF, IL-1, and TNF resulted in a strong synergistic response equal to that caused by exposure to osmotic shock or UV light. Inhibition of clustering or receptor down-regulation attenuated both the osmotic shock and UV responses. Physical stresses may perturb the cell surface or alter receptor conformation, thereby subverting signaling pathways normally used by growth factors and cytokines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosette, C -- Karin, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Nov 15;274(5290):1194-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8895468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Dimerization ; Enzyme Activation ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; GRB2 Adaptor Protein ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Interleukin-1/pharmacology ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; *Osmotic Pressure ; Phosphorylation ; Proteins/metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/*metabolism ; Receptors, Interleukin-1/*metabolism ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 1 ; Temperature ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology ; *Ultraviolet Rays
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1996-11-15
    Description: Several transcription factors are expressed at higher levels in the waking than in the sleeping brain. In experiments with rats, the locus coeruleus, a noradrenergic nucleus with diffuse projections, was found to regulate such expression. In brain regions depleted of noradrenergic innervation, amounts of c-Fos and nerve growth factor-induced A after waking were as low as after sleep. Phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein was also reduced. In contrast, electroencephalographic activity was unchanged. The reduced activity of locus coeruleus neurons may explain why the induction of certain transcription factors, with potential effects on plasticity and learning, does not occur during sleep.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cirelli, C -- Pompeiano, M -- Tononi, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Nov 15;274(5290):1211-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Neurosciences Institute, 10640 J. J. Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. tononi@nsi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8895474" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/drug effects/physiology ; Animals ; Benzylamines/pharmacology ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Early Growth Response Protein 1 ; Electroencephalography ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Immediate-Early ; Genes, fos ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; *Immediate-Early Proteins ; Locus Coeruleus/*physiology ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Oxidopamine/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Sleep ; Sleep Deprivation ; Sympathectomy, Chemical ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; *Wakefulness
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1996-11-01
    Description: Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen that invades cultured nonphagocytic cells. Inhibitors and a dominant negative mutation were used to demonstrate that efficient entry requires the phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase p85alpha-p110. Infection with L. monocytogenes caused rapid increases in cellular amounts of PI(3, 4)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3, indicating that invading bacteria stimulated PI 3-kinase activity. This stimulation required the bacterial protein InlB, host cell tyrosine phosphorylation, and association of p85alpha with one or more tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins. This role for PI 3-kinase in bacterial entry may have parallels in some endocytic events.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ireton, K -- Payrastre, B -- Chap, H -- Ogawa, W -- Sakaue, H -- Kasuga, M -- Cossart, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Nov 1;274(5288):780-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Unite des Interactions Bacteries-Cellules, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8864117" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androstadienes/pharmacology ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/physiology ; Cell Line ; Chromones/pharmacology ; Cytochalasin D/pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Genistein ; Humans ; Isoflavones/pharmacology ; Listeria monocytogenes/*enzymology/*pathogenicity ; Membrane Proteins/physiology ; Morpholines/pharmacology ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Phosphotyrosine/metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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