ALBERT

Description: The cores and dredges described are taken during the MUKLUK expedition of the R/V Spencer Baird in July-August 1957 by the Scripps Institute of Oceanography. A total of 31 cores and dredges were recovered and are available at Scripps Institute of Oceanography for sampling and study.

Description: lm Zusammenhang mit den hydrographischen Untersuchungen in der Irminger See, welche im Juni 1955 auf dem Fischerei-Forschungsschiff "Anton Dohrn" ausgeführt wurden und deren Ergebnisse in der vorhergehenden Arbeit: Schichtung und Zirkulation in der Irminger See im Juni 1955 von G. Dietrich (1957) niedergelegt sind, wurden auch Untersuchungen über die Verteilung chemischer Faktoren in den verschiedenen Wassermassen angestellt. Das Gebiet der lrminger See ist gerade in dieser Beziehung von besonderem Interesse, weil, wie wir im einzelnen durch die Untersuchungen von G. Böhnecke, E. Hentschel und H. Wattenberg (1930) und G. Böhnecke, B. Føyn und H. Wattenberg (1931) wissen, hier die verschiedenen Wassermassen der Golfstrom-Ausläufer, des nordatlantischen Wassers und des Ostgrönlandstromes aufeinandertreffen und sich in einer großen Anzahl größerer und kleinerer Wirbel mitinander vermischen. Diese bewirken ihrerseits durch mit ihnen gekoppelten Hebungs- und Senkungsbewegungen eine recht verwickelte Verschiebung der Wassermassen in vertikaler Richtung. Die große Ausdehnung des befahrenen Gebietes im Verlauf der etwa 5 wöchigen Untersuchungsdauer gestattete nur, den chemischen Untersuchungen ein ganz weitmaschiges Stationsnetz zugrunde zu legen. Von den insgesamt durchgeführten 140 hydrographischen Stationen konnten daher nur 50 Stationen mit den vollen Tiefenserien chemisch bearbeitet werden. Bei der Wahl der Stationen wurde so verfahren, daß der Untersuchungsraum einigermaßen gleichmäßig durch Meßpunkte aufgeteilt wurde (Abb . 17). Auf Feinheiten im Chemismus der Wasserkörper mußte daher von vornherein verzichtet werden. Das Hauptgewicht liegt vielmehr auf der großräurnigen Verteilung und dem chemischen Aufbau der verschiedenen Wasserkörper im Untersuchungsgebiet. Untersucht wurden: der Phosphat-Gehalt, der Gehalt an gelöstem Sauerstoff sowie die Fluoreszenz und die optische Trübung in mit dem Wasserschöpfer in verschiedenen Tiefen dem Meere entnommenen Wasserproben. Der Phosphat-Gehalt wurde nach der in der Meereskunde seit langem üblichen kolorimetrischen Methode nach G. Denigès {1920) mittels Ammoniummolybdat-Schwefelsaure und Zinnchlorür (K. Kalle, 1934) an 25 ccm messenden Proben mittels des elektrischen Kolorimeters "Elko II" der Fa. C. Zeiß bestimmt. Zur Sauerstoff-Bestimmung diente die gleichfalls seit langem übliche Winkler'sche Methode an 50 ccm Meerwasserproben (K. Kalle, 1939). Die Fluoreszenzstärke wurde an 1 ccm Meerwasserproben nach der vom Verfasser entwickelten Methode (K. Kalle, 1951) mittels des Zeiß'schen Pulfrichphotometer gemessen, während für die optische Trübung der mit dem Farbfilter "S 72" (720 mμ) an 5 cm dicken Wasserschichten gewonnene Extinktionswert diente. Für diesen Zweck wurde wiederum das "Elko II"-Gerät benutzt, weil die Messung mit diesem Gerat nur 20 ccm Wasser benötigt und die Meßgenauigkeit trotz der verhältnismäßig geringen Schichtdicke extrem genau durchführbar ist (Fehlergröße = ± 0,000 2 E)1). Die Meßwerte für den Phosphat- und den Sauerstoff-Gehalt werden zusammen mit den zugehörigen Temperatur- und Salzgehaltswerten im Bulletin Hydrographique 1955 (Kopenhagen) erscheinen. Die entsprechenden Werte für die Fluoreszenzstärke und die optische Trübung sind in Zahlentafel 1 niedergelegt. An je drei Vertikalschnitten durch das Untersuchungsgebiet (A, B, C) (Abb. 1-12), deren Lage aus Abb. 17 hervorgeht, sowie an je 4 Horizontal-Schnitten in den Tiefen-Niveaus von O m, 200 m, 500 m und 1000 m (Abb. 13-16 und 18-28) soll versucht werden, die Verteilung der chemischen Faktoren im Untersuchungsgebiet in großen Zügen deutlich zu machen.

Description: In May 1938 I had the opportunity to observe seven living Aplysia depilans in the Zoological Station Naples. Notes on the size and colour were made and different methods of preservation were tried.\nAs one often wonders how much of the original colour pattern has been preserved in museum specimens of Aplysia, it seems important to give the result of the comparison of the living specimens as studied in 1938 and the same specimens after 18 years of preservation, in 1956. The best way of preservation appears to be killing in diluted alcohol as specimen nr. V shows.

Description: CONTENTS\nIntroduction...............1\nTaxonomic studies.............3\nProvespa...............7\nVespa................10\nBionomics of Oriental and Papuan Vespinae........51\nProvespa...............51\nVespa................52\nHabitat...............52\nFood...............53\nColony foundation, castes, and periodicity.......59\nNest construction.............60\nDuration of life of colonies...........64\nAggressiveness and effect of sting.........66\nEnemies ..............69\nMimicry...............71\nDistribution of Oriental and Papuan Vespinae........72\nLiterature...............80\nIndex................83\nINTRODUCTION\nIt is now more than fifty years ago since R. du Buysson published a monograph of the genus Vespa, a group of wasps which is at present regarded as representing a subfamily consisting of four or five different genera.\nIn the collections used for the preparation of that work, the fauna of the

Description: Differt a speciebus ceteris generis Riveae habitu erecto et praesertim speciei proximae Riveae ornatae sepalis exterioribus margine piano non involute et staminibus circa medium tubi corollae insertis vel paullo inferius.\nIndo-China. Laos, prov. Vientiane, vicinity of Vientiane, c. 200 m alt., in open Dipterocarpaceae monsoon forest, on sandy lateritic soil; erect shrub, 1.50 m high; flowers white with greenish midpetaline bands, fl. Aug. 20, 1953 (rain-season); vernacular name: phi yik; Vidal 2350 (TL, type; fragments in L). A fruiting specimen from the same locality was collected Oct. 8, 1952; Vidal 1120 (TL; fragments in L).

Description: In the present study only those species of the genus Pouteria have been incorporated which are found in the area covered by the Flora Malesiana, as well as those of Australia and western Polynesia.\nThe results of this study could not have been obtained without the kind help of the Directors of the herbaria of Berkeley, Brisbane, Bogor, Florence, Jamaica Plain, Kew, Lae, Leiden, London, Manila, Melbourne, Paris, Singapore, Stockholm, Sydney and Z\xc3\xbcrich to whom we express our most sincere thanks.

Description: Trees. Leaves estipulate, alternate, scattered, simple, oblong to obovate, petiolate, tertiary nerves transverse, often numerous, always faint. Inflorescences many-florous, fasciculate on brachyblasts which are inserted in the axils of leaves or their scars, rarely in those of stout petiole-like bracts. Flowers 6(\xe2\x80\x948)-merous. Sepals 6(\xe2\x80\x948), spirally arranged or pseudo-cyclical. Corolla exsert, lobes 6(\xe2\x80\x948), as long as or longer than tube. Stamens 6(\xe2\x80\x948), inserted just or well below the corolla-throat, epipetalous. Staminodes 6(\xe2\x80\x948), episepalous, inserted in the throat. Ovary 6(\xe2\x80\x948)-celled, borne on a short stout gynophore, disk infundibuliform at apex of gynophore, more or less connate with the basal (fertile) part of the ovary, the whole (except style) hispidulous pilose, cells episepalous, ovules one in each cell, inserted in the lower half of the cells, apotropous, micropyle inferior; style short, glabrous, truncate. Fruits unknown.\nType species: Krausella forbesii (Moore) H. J. Lam.

Description: On the 13th of October 1940 I found in the vicinity of a wool- and skinwork in Tilburg (The Netherlands, prov. N. Brabant) a sterile grasstuft, striking me by its peculiar habit. I transplanted it into my garden in Dordrecht and there it was flowering for the first time in June 1941, and in July it was collected to be dried. On the 4th of July 1941 I gathered one more fructifying specimen at the same locality in Tilburg. Doubtless the plant was a Deschampsia and my provisory identification was D. media R. et Sch.. Sending the material with this name to Dr P. Jansen in Amsterdam I got his reply: \xe2\x80\x9dCertainly not D. media. It is a species, unknown to me or, more probably, a variety of D. flexuosa\xe2\x80\x9c.\nThis conclusion, however, seemed unacceptable to me. The habit of the sterile as well as the fertile plant differs strongly from that of D. flexuosa. The tuft is denser and harder, with thicker and shorter leaves. The panicle is longer, wider and more diffuse, the branchlets less flexuous, the culms are relatively short, as long as the panicle or at most 1\xc2\xbd\xe2\x80\x942 times the length of the panicle (in D. flexuosa 4\xe2\x80\x945 times). The characteristics of the flower are decisive. The lower glume is 5 mm long, the upper one 6 mm, both of them overtop the lemma and palea of the enclosed flower (in D. flexuosa the glumes are little different in length and equaling or overtopped by the flowers). The stipe of the upper flower, remaining attached to the lower one, when the spikelet falls asunder, is densily pencilshapedly hirsute and 1.5 mm long (in D. flexuosa 0.6\xe2\x80\x940.8 mm). The upper flower bears a similar stipe of a fully rudimental third flower, in other words: the rachilla is produced behind the upper palea as a hairy bristle. These properties sooner recall D. setacea than D. flexuosa, but the anthers are very small, 0.3\xe2\x80\x940.5 mm long, on much longer filaments (D. setacea has anthers, 1.5 mm long, filaments 0.5 mm, D. flexuosa: anthers 1.8 mm, filaments very short). All this: the habit, the pale green spikelets without any touch of purple, brown or blue, and the small anthers on long filaments justifies a specific differentiation of the Tilburgian wooladventive. I propose to name it, in honour of Dr J. Th. Henrard, whom I owe so much in the field of adventives in general and of Gramineae in particular: Deschampsia Henrardii nov. spec.

Description: Urelytrum Henrardii Chippindall sp. nov.; ab U. agropyroidei Hack., cui e descriptione affine, culmis gracilibus, foliorum laminis non hirsutis, longe attenuatis, longioribus, racemis flavido-viridibus, spicularum sessilium gluma inferiore 5-nervi, arista breviore distinguendum \xe2\x80\x94 Fig. 1.\nGramen perenne caespitosum, usque ad 92 cm altum. Culmi erecti, simplices, graciles, pauci-nodes, glabri, racemos versus asperuli. Folia plerumque basalia; vaginae internodiis longiores, sublaxae, striatae, apicem versus carinatae, basales glabrae laevesque, superiores pilis patulis laxe pilosae, ore villoso-barbatae; ligulae scariosae, rotundato-obtusae, 0.8\xe2\x80\x941.25 mm longae; laminae lineares, apice tenuiter setaceae, planae vel leviter conduplicatae, usque ad 38 cm longae, 3\xe2\x80\x943.8 mm latae, marginibus scabridis, costis asperulis, pone ligulam pilis longis exceptis glabrae. Racemi ad culmi apicem solitarii, stricti, fragiles, subcylindrici, fere glabri, flavidi vel pallide flavido-virides, saltem 16 cm longi; articuli rhacheos compressi, infimo usque ad 2 cm longo, scaberuli, margine uno superne rigide ciliati, appendice membranacea inaequaliter dentata ciliolata; pedicelli articulis similes, sed appendice minore. Spiculae sessiles biflorae, anguste lanceolato-oblongae, 7.5\xe2\x80\x948.2 mm longae (callo excluso); callus crassus, rotundato-obtusus, basi barbatus. Glumae subaequales, minute punctatae; inferior spiculam aequans, coriacea, marginibus hyalinis, explanata lanceolata, subconvexa, subacuta, 5-nervis, dorso apicem versus parce spinuloso-ciliata, superne bicarnata, carinis angustissime alatis, alis spinuloso-ciliatis; superior inferiore paulo brevior, firme membranacea, marginibus hyalinis apice minute ciliolata, lanceolata, acuta, 3-nervis, superne carinata, carina anguste alata, ala spinuloso-ciliata. Anthoecium inferum \xe2\x99\x82: lemma tenuiter hyalinum, lanceolato-ovatum, 6\xe2\x80\x946.5 mm longum, 2-nerve, minute bidentatum, marginibus apicem versus minute ciliolatum; palea lemmati similis sed angustior et paulo longior; antherae 3 mm longae; lodiculae glabrae. Anthoecium superum \xe2\x99\x80: lemma lemmati anthoecii inferi simile sed 3-nerve, apice latius; palea angustior. Spiculae pedicellatae illis sessilibus absimiles, neutrae, ad glumas lemmaque redactae, sine arista 2\xe2\x80\x942.75 mm longae. Glumae coriaceae, marginibus hyalinis superne ciliolatae, minute punctatae; inferior spiculae aequilonga, lanceolata, 5-nervis, ad carinam superne angustissime alata, ala spinulosociliata, in aristam scabridam 9\xe2\x80\x9412.5 mm longam excurrente; superior inferiore paulo longior, apice integra, obtusa, superne carinata, carina anguste alata, ala spinuloso-ciliata, obscure 5-nervis. Lemma tenuiter hyalinum, parvum.

Description: In the following account the author of the present paper has endeavoured to compile all available information regarding this interesting member of the Gramineae-Zoysieae.\nAs the genus under consideration has in many cases been incorrectly described, it appeared highly desirable to amend the faults and inaccuracies committed by both the original author of the genus and various subsequent taxonomists. The results of these investigations are being put forward in the following pages.