ALBERT

Anmerkung: Potsdam, Univ., Dipl.-Arbeit, 2006

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Greifswald, Univ., Diss., 2005

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Contents 1. Introduction 1.1 Historical Background 1.2 Some Examples of Spectral Methods 1.2.1 A Fourier Galerkin Method for the Wave Equation 1.2.2 A Chebyshev Collocation Method for the Heat Equation 1.2.3 A Legendre Galerkin with Numerical Integration (G-NI) Method for the Advection-Diffusion-Reaction Equation 1.2.4 A Legendre Tau Method for the Poisson Equation 1.2.5 Basic Aspects of Galerkin, Collocation, G-NI and Tau Methods 1.3 Three-Dimensional Applications in Fluids: A Look Ahead 2. Polynomial Approximation 2.1 The Fourier System 2.1.1 The Continuous Fourier Expansion 2.1.2 The Discrete Fourier Expansion 2.1.3 Differentiation 2.1.4 The Gibbs Phenomenon 2.2 Orthogonal Polynomials in (−1, 1) 2.2.1 Sturm-Liouville Problems 2.2.2 Orthogonal Systems of Polynomials 2.2.3 Gauss-Type Quadratures and Discrete Polynomial Transforms 2.3 Legendre Polynomials 2.3.1 Basic Formulas 2.3.2 Differentiation 2.3.3 Orthogonality, Diagonalization and Localization 2.4 Chebyshev Polynomials 2.4.1 Basic Formulas 2.4.2 Differentiation 2.5 Jacobi Polynomials 2.6 Approximation in Unbounded Domains 2.6.1 Laguerre Polynomials and Laguerre Functions 2.6.2 Hermite Polynomials and Hermite Functions 2.7 Mappings for Unbounded Domains 2.7.1 Semi-Infinite Intervals 2.7.2 The Real Line 2.8 Tensor-Product Expansions 2.8.1 Multidimensional Mapping 2.9 Expansions on Triangles and Related Domains 2.9.1 Collapsed Coordinates and Warped Tensor-Product Expansions 2.9.2 Non-Tensor-Product Expansions 2.9.3 Mappings 3. Basic Approaches to Constructing Spectral Methods 3.1 Burgers Equation 3.2 Strong and Weak Formulations of Differential Equations 3.3 Spectral Approximation of the Burgers Equation 3.3.1 Fourier Galerkin 3.3.2 Fourier Collocation 3.3.3 Chebyshev Tau 3.3.4 Chebyshev Collocation 3.3.5 Legendre G-NI 3.4 Convolution Sums 3.4.1 Transform Methods and Pseudospectral Methods 3.4.2 Aliasing Removal by Padding or Truncation 3.4.3 Aliasing Removal by Phase Shifts 3.4.4 Aliasing Removal for Orthogonal Polynomials 3.5 Relation Between Collocation, G-NI and Pseudospectral Methods 3.6 Conservation Forms 3.7 Scalar Hyperbolic Problems 3.7.1 Enforcement of Boundary Conditions 3.7.2 Numerical Examples 3.8 Matrix Construction for Galerkin and G-NI Methods 3.8.1 Matrix Elements 3.8.2 An Example of Algebraic Equivalence between G-NI and Collocation Methods 3.9 Polar Coordinates 3.10 Aliasing Effects 4. Algebraic Systems and Solution Techniques 4.1 Ad-hoc Direct Methods 4.1.1 Fourier Approximations 4.1.2 Chebyshev Tau Approximations 4.1.3 Galerkin Approximations 4.1.4 Schur Decomposition and Matrix Diagonalization 4.2 Direct Methods 4.2.1 Tensor Products of Matrices 4.2.2 Multidimensional Stiffness and Mass Matrices 4.2.3 Gaussian Elimination Techniques 4.3 Eigen-Analysis of Spectral Derivative Matrices 4.3.1 Second-Derivative Matrices 4.3.2 First-Derivative Matrices 4.3.3 Advection-Diffusion Matrices 4.4 Preconditioning 4.4.1 Fundamentals of Iterative Methods for Spectral Discretizations 4.4.2 Low-Order Preconditioning of Model Spectral Operators in One Dimension 4.4.3 Low-Order Preconditioning in Several Dimensions 4.4.4 Spectral Preconditioning 4.5 Descent and Krylov Iterative Methods for Spectral Equations 4.5.1 Multidimensional Matrix-Vector Multiplication 4.5.2 Iterative Methods 4.6 Spectral Multigrid Methods 4.6.1 One-Dimensional Fourier Multigrid Model Problem 4.6.2 General Spectral Multigrid Methods 4.7 Numerical Examples of Direct and Iterative Methods 4.7.1 Fourier Collocation Discretizations 4.7.2 Chebyshev Collocation Discretizations 4.7.3 Legendre G-NI Discretizations 4.7.4 Preconditioners for Legendre G-NI Matrices 4.8 Interlude 5. Polynomial Approximation Theory 5.1 Fourier Approximation 5.1.1 Inverse Inequalities for Trigonometric Polynomials 5.1.2 Estimates for the Truncation and Best Approximation Errors 5.1.3 Estimates for the Interpolation Error 5.2 Sturm-Liouville Expansions 5.2.1 Regular Sturm-Liouville Problems 5.2.2 Singular Sturm-Liouville Problems 5.3 Discrete Norms 5.4 Legendre Approximations 5.4.1 Inverse Inequalities for Algebraic Polynomials 5.4.2 Estimates for the Truncation and Best Approximation Errors 5.4.3 Estimates for the Interpolation Error 5.4.4 Scaled Estimates 5.5 Chebyshev Approximations 5.5.1 Inverse Inequalities for Polynomials 5.5.2 Estimates for the Truncation and Best Approximation Errors 5.5.3 Estimates for the Interpolation Error 5.6 Proofs of Some Approximation Results 5.7 Other Polynomial Approximations 5.7.1 Jacobi Polynomials 5.7.2 Laguerre and Hermite Polynomials 5.8 Approximation in Cartesian-Product Domains 5.8.1 Fourier Approximations 5.8.2 Legendre Approximations 5.8.3 Mapped Operators and Scaled Estimates 5.8.4 Chebyshev and Other Jacobi Approximations 5.8.5 Blended Trigonometric and Algebraic Approximations 5.9 Approximation in Triangles and Related Domains 6. Theory of Stability and Convergence 6.1 Three Elementary Examples Revisited 6.1.1 A Fourier Galerkin Method for the Wave Equation 6.1.2 A Chebyshev Collocation Method for the Heat Equation 6.1.3 A Legendre Tau Method for the Poisson Equation 6.2 Towards a General Theory 6.3 General Formulation of Spectral Approximations to Linear Steady Problems 6.4 Galerkin, Collocation, G-NI and Tau Methods 6.4.1 Galerkin Methods 6.4.2 Collocation Methods 6.4.3 G-NI Methods 6.4.4 Tau Methods 6.5 General Formulation of Spectral Approximations to Linear Evolution Problems 6.5.1 Conditions for Stability and Convergence: The Parabolic Case 6.5.2 Conditions for Stability and Convergence: The Hyperbolic Case 6.6 The Error Equation 7. Analysis of Model Boundary-Value Problems 7.1 The Poisson Equation 7.1.1 Legendre Methods 7.1.2 Chebyshev Methods 7.1.3 Other Boundary-Value Problems 7.2 Singularly Perturbed Elliptic Equations 7.2.1 Stabilization of Spectral Methods 7.3 The Eigenvalues of Some Spectral Operators 7.3.1 The Discrete Eigenvalues for Lu = −uxx 7.3.2 The Discrete Eigenvalues for Lu = −νuxx + βux 7.3.3 The Discrete Eigenvalues for Lu = ux 7.4 The Preconditioning of Spectral Operators 7.5 The Heat Equation 7.6 Linear Hyperbolic Equations 7.6.1 Periodic Boundary Conditions 7.6.2 Nonperiodic Boundary Conditions 7.6.3 The Resolution of the Gibbs Phenomenon 7.6.4 Spectral Accuracy for Non-Smooth Solutions 7.7 Scalar Conservation Laws 7.8 The Steady Burgers Equation Appendix A. Basic Mathematical Concepts A.1 Hilbert and Banach Spaces A.2 The Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality A.3 Linear Operators Between Banach Spaces A.4 The Fr´echet Derivative of an Operator A.5 The Lax-Milgram Theorem A.6 Dense Subspace of a Normed Space A.7 The Spaces Cm(Ω), m ≥ 0 A.8 Functions of Bounded Variation and the Riemann(-Stieltjes) Integral A.9 The Lebesgue Integral and Lp-Spaces A.10 Infinitely Differentiable Functions and Distributions A.11 Sobolev Spaces and Sobolev Norms A.12 The Sobolev Inequality A.13 The Poincar´e Inequality A.14 The Hardy Inequality A.15 The Gronwall Lemma Appendix B. Fast Fourier Transforms Appendix C. Iterative Methods for Linear Systems C.1 A Gentle Approach to Iterative Methods C.2 Descent Methods for Symmetric Problems C.3 Krylov Methods for Nonsymmetric Problems Appendix D. Time Discretizations D.1 Notation and Stability Definitions D.2 Standard ODE Methods D.2.1 Leap Frog Method D.2.2 Adams-Bashforth Methods D.2.3 Adams-Moulton Methods D.2.4 Backwards-Difference Formulas D.2.5 Runge-Kutta Methods D.3 Integrating Factors D.4 Low-Storage Schemes References Index

Anmerkung: Enthaltener Beitrag: Russian-German Cooperation SYSTEM LAPTEV SEA: The Expedition COAST I / edited by Paul Overduin , Enthaltener Beitrag: The Expedition Lena 2005 / edited by Lutz Schirrmeister, Dirk Wagner, Mikhail N. Grigoriev and Dimitry Yu. Bolshiyanov , Enthaltener Beitrag: Russian-German cooperation Yakutsk - Potsdam: the expedition CENTRAL YAKUTIA 2005 / edited by Bernhard Diekmann, Sebastian Wetterich and Frank Kienast , Contents for "Russian-German Cooperation SYSTEM LAPTEV SEA: The Expedition COAST I" The Expedition COAST I 1. Background and Objectives 2. Logistics and Itinerary 3. Field Methods and Sample Recovery 3.1 Coring 3.2 Pore water analyses 3.3 Temperature profiles 4. Sample lists , Contents for "The Expedition Lena 2005" The Expedition Lena 2005 1. Introduction 2. Expedition itinerary and general logistics 3. Microbiological processes, trace gas fluxes and hydrobiology in permafrost ecosystems of the Lena Delta 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Dynamic of methane oxidising communities in permafrost soils 3.2.1 Introduction 3.2.2 Sampling procedure and field parameters 3.2.3 Pore water methane concentration 3.2.4 Sample processing and analyses 3.3 Microbial studies on nitrification from permafrost environments 3.3.1 Introduction 3.3.2 Field experiments: Impact of polygonal soil parameter on nitrification 3.4 Closed chamber measurements of carbon exchange between Arctic tundra and the atmosphere 3.5 Micrometeorological measurements of energy, water, and carbon exchange between Arctic tundra and the atmosphere 3.6 Energy and water budget of permafrost soils – long time meteorology and soil survey station on Samoylov Island 3.7 Isotopic Studies on the 13C-fractionation during CH4-production in polygonal and thermokarst lakes of the Lena Delta 3.7.1 Introduction and methods 3.7.2 Preliminary results and further plans 3.8 Hydrobiological investigations on Samoylov Island 3.8.1 Objectives 3.8.2 Research tasks 3.8.3 Material and methods 3.8.4 Preliminary results 3.9 References 4. Studies of periglacial landscape dynamics and surface characteristics studies in the western Lena Delta 4.1. Scientific background and objectives 4.2. Geological and geographical characteristics 4.3. Studies of oriented lakes and thermokarst depressions 4.3.1 Background 4.3.2 Study area 4.3.3 Topographical and geomorphological settings 4.3.3.1 Depressions 1, 2 and 3 4.3.3.2 Depression 4 4.3.3.3 Depression 5 4.3.4 Bathymetrical surveys 4.3.5 Field sampling 4.4. Characteristics and spectral properties of periglacial landforms 4.4.1 Introduction 4.4.2 Methods 4.4.3 First results 4.5. Studies of permafrost sequences for paleo-environmental reconstruction 4.5.1 The “Arga-Sands” on Turakh Island 4.5.1.1 Exposure Tur-1 4.5.1.2 Core Tur-2 4.5.1.3 Exposure T021 4.5.2 Sand sequences of Ebe Basyn Sise Island 4.5.2.1 Exposure Ebe-4 4.5.2.2 Exposure Ebe-2 4.5.2.3 Exposure Ebe-3 4.5.2.4 Exposure Ebe-5 4.5.3 Sand and Ice Complex sequences of Khardang Island 4.5.3.1 The sand deposits in the exposure Kha-1 4.5.3.2 The sequence Kha-2 4.5.3.3 Exposure Kha-3: large ice wedge and surrounding sediments 4.6 Subsurficial and bathymetrical Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Investigations 4.6.1 Subsurface mapping of the Arga sands stratigraphical unit 4.6.1.1 GPR survey configuration 4.6.1.2 Transects at exposure Ebe-4 4.6.1.3 Transects at exposure/borehole Tur-1/Tur-2 4.6.2 Arynskaya Channel bathymetry 4.7 Measuring of local weather and soil conditions by soil probe and weather station 4.8 Palaeontological collection of the “Mammoth” fauna from the museum of the Lena Delta Reserve 4.9 References 4.10 Appendices chapter 4 Appendix 4-1: Field spectrometry – description of measuring points and profiles (see chapter 4.4) Appendix 4-2: List of sediment samples (see chapter 4.5) Appendix 4-3: Modern soil profiles and surface samples Appendix 4-4: List of ground ice and surface water samples Appendix 4-5. Bone collection of the expedition LENA 2005 Appendix 4-6: Bone collection of Lena Delta Reserve Tiksi (see chapter 4.8) 5. Holocene ice wedges of the 1st Lena terrace 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Outcrops 5.2.1 Outcrop 1 5.2.2 Outcrop 2 5.2.3 Geocryolithology on Samoylov Island: General impressions 5.2.4 Outcrop 3 5.2.5 Outcrop 4 5.2.6 Outcrop 5 5.2.7 Outcrop 6 5.2.8 Outcrop 7 5.2.9 Outcrop 8 5.2.10 Outcrop 9 5.2.11 Outcrop 10 5.2.12 Pingo at Olenyekskaya Channel 5.2.13 Summary 5.3 Studies on recent cryogenesis on Samoylov Island 5.4 References 5.5 Appendices chapter 5 Appendix 5-1: Ice sample list Appendix 5-2: List of sediment samples and ice content measurement Appendix 5-3: List of water samples 6. Report of the hydrological work in the Lena River Delta in August 2005 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Methods 6.3 Preliminary results 6.4 Conclusion , Contents for "Russian-German cooperation Yakutsk - Potsdam: the expedition CENTRAL YAKUTIA 2005" Central Yakutia 2005 1. Expedition ‘Verkhoyansk 2005’ • Limnogeological studies at Lake Billyakh, Verkhoyansk Mountains, Yakutia 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Regional Setting of Lake Billyakh 1.3 Itinerary 1.4 Methods 1.4.1 Bathymetric measurements 1.4.2 Water sampling and measurements 1.4.3 Sediment coring 1.5 Results 1.5.1 Bathymetry 1.5.2 Water profiles 1.5.3 Sediment cores 1.6 Outlook 1.7 References 2 Limnological studies in Central and North-east Yakutia in summer 2005 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Study sites and lake types 2.3 Material and methods 2.4 Preliminary results 2.5 Outlook 2.6 References 2.7 Appendices Appendix 2-1: General characteristics and geographical position of the studied lakes in Central and North-east Yakutia Appendix 2-2: Some properties of the studied lakes in Central and North-east Yakutia, obtained during the fieldwork (unfilled table cells imply no data or information) Appendix 2-3: Sample list for further analyses on sediments, hydro-chemistry, water isotopes and aquatic organisms Appendix 2-4: Occurrence of zoobenthos organisms in the sampled Central-Yakutian lakes in July 2005 3. Vegetation studies in extremely continental regions of Yakutia 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Study areas and investigated vegetation types 3.3 Material and methods 3.4 Preliminary results 3.5 Appendix 3-1: Metadata of studied vegetation records

Anmerkung: Contents: Preface / Hans-Jürgen Paech. - Palaeomagnetic and geochronological study of late Pan-African and Mesozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks from Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Christian Rolf & Friedhelm Henjes-Kunst. - Aeromagnetic survey in Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, during the 1995/1996 GeoMaud Expedition: layout, execution, and data processing / Detlef Damaske, Vera Marginkowski, & Heinz-Dieter Möller. - Magnetic susceptibility of rock samples from Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Hans-Jürgen Paech & Vera Marginkowski. - 3-D Aeromagnetic modelling in the Grubergebirge Area, Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Sunchan Choi. - Ice thickness and sub-ice topography in Central Dronning Maud Land deduced by Radio Echo Sounding / Volkmar Damm & Dieter Eisenburger. - Airborne Radio Echo Sounding Survey in Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Uwe Meyer, Daniel Steinhage, Uwe Nixdorf & Heinz Miller. - Gravity survey in Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, during the 1995/96 GeoMaud Expedition / Gernot Reitmayr. - Gravimetric profiling in Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Diedrich Fritzsche. - A compilation of geophysical data from the Lazarev Sea and the Riiser-Larsen Sea, off Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Karl Hinz, Soenke Neben, Yulia B. Gouseva & G. A. Kudryavtsev. - Sub-ice topography of selected areas in Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica (Ground-based RES survey) / Georg Delisle. - Observations of the temperature field of glaciers at the margin of the Polar Plateau, Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Georg Delisle. - A short note on the thermal regime of Lake Untersee in the Grubergebirge of Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Georg Delisle & Michael Zeibig. - Late quaternary ice level changes in Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, as inferred from 14C ages of Mumiyo Deposits in snow petrel colonies / Ulrich Wand & Wolf-Dieter Hermichen. - A mummified seal found far inland in Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Ulrich Wand & Wolf-Dieter Hermichen & Norbert W. Roland. - Precise GPS measurements to infer vertical crustal deformation in Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Mirko Scheinert, Reinhard Dietrich, Axel Rülke, James Perlt & E. C. Malaimani. - Photogrammetric survey in Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, during the 1996 GeoMaud Expedition / Heinz Bennat. - Logistics of the 1995/96 GeoMaud Expedition to Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Hans-Jürgen Paech & Jürgen Kothe. - Geographic data (Names, elevations and topographic maps) of Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Hans-Jürgen Paech. - Comparison of the geology of Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, with other areas of the Gondwana Supercontinent / Hans-Jürgen Paech, Wilfried Bauer, Sandra Piazolo, Joachim Jacobs & Gregor Markl. - Present knowledge of the Geology of Central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica: Main results of the 1995/96 GeoMaud Expedition / Hans-Jürgen Paech. - 1 : 500,000 Geological map of Central Dronning Maud Land with explanatory notes / Hans-Jürgen Paech, Joachim Jacobs, Wilfried Bauer, Evgueni Mikhalsky, Franco Talarico, Fabrizio Colombo, Norbert W. Roland & Friedhelm Henjes-Kunst. - Editorial note.

Anmerkung: Contents Acknowledgments Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Discovery 1.2 General Introduction 1.3 Just for Fun — An Isotope Biography of Mr. Polychaete Chapter 2. Isotope Notation and Measurement Overview 2.1 The Necessary Minimum for Ecologists 2.2 Why Use the 5 Notation? 2.3 Why Is 8 a Good Substitute for % Heavy Isotope? 2.4 8 and the Ratio-of-Ratios 2.5 Chapter Summary Chapter 3. Using Stable Isotope Tracers Overview 3.1 Isotope Circulation in the Biosphere 3.2 Landscape Ecology and Isotope Maps 3.3 Community Ecology and Invasive Species in Food Webs 3.4 Life History Ecology and Animal Migrations 3.5 Plants, Microbes, and Scaling Up 3.6 Chapter Summary Chapter 4. Isotope Chi ("I Chi") Overview 4.1 Chocolate Isotopes 4.2 Oxygen in the Sea 4.3 Equations for Isotope Chi ("I Chi") 4.4 Building an I Chi Gain-Loss Model, Step by Step 4.5 Errors in I Chi Models 4.6 Exact Equations for I Chi Models 4.7 Cows in a Pasture 4.8 Chapter Summary Chapter 5. Mixing Overview 5.1 Isotope Mixing in Food Webs 5.2 Isotope Sourcery 5.3 Mixing Mechanics 5.4 Advanced Mixing Mechanics 5.5 Mixing Assumptions and Errors or the Art and Wisdom of Using Isotope Mixing Models 5.6 River Sulfate and Mass-Weighted Mixing 5.7 A Special Muddy Case and Mixing Through Time 5.8 The Qualquan Chronicles and Mixing Across Landscapes 5.9 Dietary Mixing, Turnover, and a Stable Isotope Clock 5.10 Chapter Summary Chapter 6. Isotope Additions Overview 6.1 Addition Addiction 6.2 The Golden Spike Award for Isotopes 6.3 Chapter Summary Chapter 7. Fractionation Overview 7.1 Fractionation Fundamentals 7.2 Isotopium and Fractionation in Closed Systems 7.3 A Strange and Routine Case 7.4 A Genuine Puzzle — Fractionation or Mixing? 7.5 Cracking the Closed Systems 7.6 Equilibrium Fractionation, Subtle Drama in the Cold 7.7 A Supply/Demand Model for Open System Fractionation 7.8 Open System Fractionation and Evolution of the Earth's Sulfur Cycle 7.9 Open System Legacies 7.10 Conducting Fractionation Experiments 7.11 Chapter Summary Chapter 8. Scanning the Future Overview 8.1 The Isotope Scanner 8.2 Mangrove Maude 8.3 The Beginner's Advantage—Imagine! 8.4 Chapter Summary Appendix. Important Isotope Equations and Useful Conversions Index Supplemental Electronic Materials on the Accompanying CD A. Chapter 1 Color Figures and Cartoon Problems B. Chapter 2 Color Figures and Cartoon Problems Technical Supplement 2A: Measuring Spiked Samples Technical Supplement 2B: Ion Corrections Technical Supplement 2C: The Ratio Notation and The Power of 1 C. Chapter 3 Color Figures and Cartoons Problems D. Chapter 4 Color Figures and Cartoons Problems I Chi Spreadsheets E. Chapters 5 Color Figures and Cartoons Problems I Chi Spreadsheets F. Chapter 6 Color Figure and Cartoon Problems I Chi Spreadsheet Technical Supplement 6A: How Much Isotope Should I Add? Technical Supplement 6B: Noisy Data and Data Analysis with Enriched Samples G. Chapter 7 Color Figures and Cartoons Problems I Chi Spreadsheets Technical Supplement 7A: A Chemist's View of Isotope Effects Technical Supplement 7B: Derivations of Closed System Isotope Equations H. Chapter 8 Color Figures and Cartoons Problems I. All Problems for Chapters 1-8 J. All Answers to Problems for Chapters 1-8 K. All Figures and Cartoons L. All I Chi Spreadsheets M. A Reading List

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Potsdam, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Contents: Preface. - About the author. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Terminlogy, standards, and mass spectrometry. - 3 Equilibrium isotopic fractionation. - 4 The hydrosphere. - 5 The oceans. - 6 Biogenic carbonates: oxygen. - 7 Carbon in the low-temperature enviroment. - 8 Low-temperature minerals, exclusive of carbonates. - 9 Nitrogen. - 10 Sulfur. - 11 Igneous petrology. - 12 Metamorphic geology. - 13 Extraterrestrial materials. - Appendix A: Standard reference materials for stable isotopes. - Appendix B: Sample calculation of the correction procedure for adjusting measured isotope data to accepted IAEA Reference Scales. - Index

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Marburg, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Teilw. zugl.: Trier, Univ., Diss., 2004

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Inhalt: 1 Einleitung. - 1.1 Alltägliche Probleme. - 1.2 Uni- und multivariate Daten. - 1.3 Wege ins Statistiklabyrinth. - 2 Statistische Grundlagen. - 2.1 Einführung in die Terminologie. - 2.2 Datentypen -Skalenniveaus. - 2.3 Korrelation. - 2.4 Regression. - 2.5 Lineare Regression. - 2.6 Multiplelineare Regression. - 2.7 Unimodale Modelle - die Gauß'sche Regression. - 2.8 Logistische und Gauß'sche logistische Regression. - 2.9 Interaktionen. - 2.10 Gewichtetes Mittel. - 2.11 Partielle Analysen. - 3 Datenmanipulationen. - 3.1 Normalverteilung und Transformationen. - 3.2 Standardisierungen. - 3.3 Transponieren, Umkodieren und Maskieren. - 4 Ähnlichkeits- und Distanzmaße. - 4.1 Qualitative Ähnlichkeitsmaße. - 4.2 Quantitative Ähnlichkeitsmaße. - 4.3 Distanzmaße. - 4.4 Vergleich der geschilderten Koeffizienten. - 5 Ordinationen - das Prinzip. - 5.1 Dimensionsreduktion als Analysestrategie. - 5.2 Polare Ordination. - 6 Korrespondenzanalyse (CA). - 6.1 Das Prinzip. - 6.2 Mathematische Artefakte - Probleme der CA. - 6.3 DCA {Detrended Correspondence Analysis). - 6.4 Zusammenfassendes zu Problemen der CA und DCA. - 7 Interpretation von CA und DCA. - 7.1 Zur Skalierung und Interpretation der Ordinationsdiagramme. - 7.2 Umweltvariablen-Interaktionen von Effekten. - 7.3 Ordination und Umweltdaten. - 8 Kanonische Ordination (constrained ordination). - 8.1 Prinzip der Kanonischen Korrespondenzanalyse (CCA). - 8.2 Interpretation eines CCA-Diagramms. - 8.3 Forward selection bei kanonischen Ordinationen. - 8.4 Überprüfung einer CCA. - 9 Hauptkomponentenanalyse (PCA). - 9.1 Das Prinzip - geometrische Herleitung. - 9.2 Das Prinzip - der mathematische Ansatz. - 9.3 Optionen bei einer PCA. - 9.4 Stärken und Schwächen der PCA. - 9.5 Faktorenanalyse. - 10 Lineare Methoden und Umweltdaten: PCA und RDA. - 10.1 Indirekte Ordination. - 10.2 Kanonische Ordination - Prinzip der Redundanzanalyse. - 10.3 Interpretation einer RDA. - 11 Partielle Ordination und variance partitioning. - 11.1 Kovariablen. - 11.2 Partielle PCA, CA, DCA. - 11.3 Partielle kanonische Ordination. - 11.4 Variance partitioning. - 12 Multidimensionale Skalierung. - 12.1 Der andere Weg zum Ziel. - 12.2 Metrische Multidimensionale Skalierung - Hauptkoordinatenanalyse. - 12.3 Nichtmetrische Multidimensionale Skalierung. - 12.3.1 Das Prinzip. - 12.3.2 NMDS - Optionen und Probleme. - 12.3.3 Ablauf einer NMDS. - 13 Klassifikation - das Prinzip. - 13.1 Das Wesen von Klassifikationen. - 13.2 Die wichtigsten Klassifikationsstrategien. - 14 Agglomerative Klassifikationsverfahren. - 14.1Clusteranalyse - Grundlagen. - 14.2 Auswertung von Dendrogrammen. - 15 Divisive Klassifikationsverfahren. - 15.1 Ordination Space Partitioning. - 15.2 TWINSPAN. - 15.3 Ablauf einer TWINSPAN-Analyse. - 15.4 Kritik an der TWINSPAN-Analyse. - 16 Sonstige Verfahren zur Beschreibung von Gruppenstrukturen. - 16.1 Nichthierarchische agglomerative Verfahren. - 16.2 Nichthierarchische divisive Verfahren. - 16.3 Numerische "treue"-basierte Verfahren. - 16.4 Diskriminanzanalyse. - 16.4.1 Das Prinzip. - 16.4.2 Voraussetzungen. - 16.4.3 Gütekriterien/Prüfung der Ergebnisse. - 17 Permutationsbasierte Tests. - 17.1 Das Prinzip von Permutationstests. - 17.2 Test auf Signifikanz von Ordinationsachsen. - 17.3 Mantel-Test. - 17.4 Gruppenvergleiche - Mantel-Tests und MRPP. - 17.5 Procrustes-Analysen. - 17.6 Indicator Species Analysis. - 17.7 Ausblick Randomisierungsverfahren. - Literatur. - Sachverzeichnis.

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2006 , Richtiger Name des Verf.: Nicolaus, Marcel

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Frankfurt am Main, Univ., Diss., 2005

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2005

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Potsdam, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Contents: The role of atmospheric circulation in the formation of air temperature anomalies on climatic scale in the Arctic / A. I. Voskresensky, A. A. Girs. - Some features of contemporary climatic variations in the Arctic / A. N. Lyubarsky, L. S. Petrov. - Structure of long-term variations of the snowless period in the Soviet Arctic / E. I. Aleksandrov, N. N. Briazgin, A. N. Lyubarsky. - Seasonal display of turbulent heat transfer in the Arctic Ocean / K. I. Chukanin. - Nature of causal relationship between the polar ice and the thermal conditions in the atmosphere / V. F. Zakharov. - Climate modelling and polar regions / A. I. Voskresensky, A. P. Nagurny. - Climatic change forecasting and polar regions / A. P. Nagurny. - Some features of the present evolution of the Arctic ice sheet / V. F. Zakharov, A. A. Kirillov. - Determination of the synchronous climate variation regions by the method of expansion in natural orthogonal functions (by example of the northern area of Ob' river basin) / E. I. Aleksandrov, N. N. Briazgin, A. N. Lyubarsky. - Climatic variations in the northern areas of Ob' and Yenisey river basins and in Karskoye more (Kara Sea) during the last decades / L. S. Petrov, V. V. Subbotin. , In kyrill. Schr.

Anmerkung: In kyrill. Schr.

Anmerkung: CONTENTS: Preface / Claude R. Duguay and Alain Pietroniro. - Introduction / Claude R. Duguay and Alain Pietroniro. - Remote Sensing of Snow Cover / Dieter Scherer, Dorothy K. Hall, Volker Hochschild, Max König, Jan-Gunnar Winther, Claude R. Duguay, Frédérique Pivot, Christian Mätzler, Frank Rau, Klaus Seidel, Rune Solberg, and Anne E. Walker. - Remote Sensing of Glaciers and Ice Sheets / Jan-Gunnar Winther, Robert Bindschadler, Max König, and Dieter Scherer. - Ice Characteristics and Processes, and Remote Sensing of Frozen Rivers and Lakes / Martin O. Jeffries, Kim Morris, and Nickolai Kozlenko. - Satellite Remote Sensing of Permafrost and Seasonally Frozen Ground / Claude R. Duguay, Tingjun Zhang, David W. Leverington, and Vladimir E. Romanovsky. - Remote Sensing of Surface Water and Soil Moisture / Alain Pietroniro, Jessika Töyrä, Robert Leconte, and Geoff Kite. - Evaporation/Evapotranspiration Estimates With Remote Sensing / Raoul Granger and Normand Bussières. - Appendix: Acronyms. - Subject Index.

Anmerkung: Hannover, Univ., Diss., 2004

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2004

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2003 , Zsfassung in dt. Sprache

Anmerkung: In kyrill. Schr.

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Helsinki, Univ., Diss., 2006

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Zürich, Univ., Diss., 2007 , Contents: Abstract. - Zusammenfassung. - Acknowledgements. - Contents. - List of figures. - List of tables. - List of abbreviations. - List of symbols. - Latin symbols. - Greek symbols. - 1 Introduction. - 1.1 State of research. - 1.1.1 Hydrothermal regime of the active layer in debris slopes. - 1.1.2 Slope stability of the active layer in debris slopes. - 1.2 Motivation. - 1.3 Hypothesis. - 1.4 Objectives. - 2 Field investigations. - 2.1 Study site. - 2.2 Field methods. - 2.2.1 Field research infrastructure. - 2.2.2 Field measuring array. - 2.2.3 Measurements in detail. - 2.3 Field results and interpretation. - 2.3.1 Meteorological conditions. - 2.3.2 Hydrological ground parameters. - 2.3.3 Thermal ground parameters. - 2.3.4 Geotechnical parameters. - 2.4 Discussion of field investigations. - 2.4.1 Water balance. - 2.4.2 Heat balance. - 2.4.3 Relation between water and heat balance. - 2.4.4. Suitability of measuring equipment and reliability of data. - 2.4.5 Relevance of results in context of climate change. - 2.5 Summary of field investigations. - 3 Laboratory experiments. - 3.1 Analysis of granular materials. - 3.2 Development of inclinable shear apparatus. - 3.2.1 Requirements. - 3.2.2 Solution. - 3.2.3 Construction. - 3.3 Systematic 4-factorial screening shear test series. - 3.3.1 Methods of systematic shear test series. - 3.3.2 Results and analysis of systematic shear test series. - 3.3.3 Discussion of systematic shear test series. - 3.3.4 Summary of systematic shear test series. - 3.4 Physical simulation of thaw-induced failure of the active layer. - 3.4.1 Methods for simulation of thaw-induced active layer failure. - 3.4.2 Results of simulation of thaw-induced active layer failure. - 3.4.3 Discussion of simulation of thaw-induced active layer failure. - 3.4.4 Summary of simulation of thaw-induced active layer failure. - 3.5 Comparison of systematic shear tests and failure simulation. - 4 Integral discussion of field and laboratory investigations. - 4.1 Implications of the laboratory simulation for the field study site. - 4.2 Implications of the shear test series for the field in general. - 5 Conclusions. - 6 Outlook. - References. - Curriculum Vitae. , Zsfassung in dt. Sprache

Anmerkung: TABLE OF CONTENTS: Preface / R. Matzke-Karasz, M. Schudack, K. Martens. - REVIEW PAPER. - Ostracod recovery in the aftermath of the Permian-Triassic crisis: Palaeozoic-Mesozoic turnover / S. Crasquin-Soleau, T. Galfetti, H. Bucher, S. Kershaw, Q. Feng. - OSTRACOD TAXONOMY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY. - The influence of El Niño 1997-98 on pelagic ostracods in the Humboldt Current Ecosystem off Peru / R. Castillo, T. Antezana, P. Ayón. - A new, interstitial species of Terrestricythere (Crustacea: Ostracoda) and its microdistribution at Orito Beach, northeastern Sea of Japan / S. F. Hiruta, S.-i. Hiruta, S. F. Mawatari. - Non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea) of Banat district in Serbia / T. Karan-Žnidaršič, B. Petrov. - ECOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING OSTRACOD DISTRIBUTION. - A year round comparative study on the population structures of pelagic Ostracoda in Admiralty Bay (Southern Ocean) / K. Blachowiak-Samolyk, M.V. Angel. - Water quality and diversity of the Recent ostracod fauna in lowland springs from Lombardy (northern Italy) / V. Pieri, C. Caserini, S. Gomarasca, K. Martens, G. Rossetti. - Factors affecting spatial and temporal distribution of Ostracoda assemblages in different macrophyte habitats of a shallow lake (Lake Fehér, Hungary) / A. Kiss. - Groundwater Ostracods from the arid Pilbara region of northwestern Australia: distribution and water chemistry / J. M. Reeves, P. De Deckker, S. A. Halse. - Ecological requirements of Ostracoda (Crustacea) in a heavily polluted shallow lake, Lake Yeniçağa (Bolu, Turkey) / O. Külköylüoğlu, M. Dügel, M. Kılıç. - Food selection in Eucypris virens (Crustacea: Ostracoda) under experimental conditions / O. Schmit, G. Rossetti, J. Vandekerkhove, F. Mezquita. - EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF OSTRACOD MORPHOLOGY. - Extra-lobal and complex dimorphic features in Middle Devonian palaeocopine ostracods / G. Becker, W. K. Braun. - Evolutionary and taxonomic aspects within the species group Pseudocandona eremita (Vejdovský) (Ostracoda, Candonidae) / S. lepure, T. Namiotko, D. L. Danielopol. - On the origin of the putative furca of the Ostracoda (Crustacea) / C. Meisch. - Ultrastructure of the carapace margin in the Ostracoda (Arthropoda: Crustacea) / S. Yamada. - Ultrastructure of hepatopancreas and its possible role as a hematopoietic organ in non-marine cypridoidean ostracods (Crustacea) / R. Symonova. - OSTRACOD REPRODUCTION AND ONTOGENY. - Copulatory behaviour and sexual morphology of three Fabaeformiscandona Krstić, 1972 (Candoninae, Ostracoda, Crustacea) species from Japan, including descriptions of two new species / R. J. Smith, T. Kamiya. - Early release of eggs and embryos in a brooding ancient asexual ostracod: brood selection or a gambling strategy to increase fecundity? / R. L. Pinto, C. E. F. Rocha, K. Martens. - The ontogeny of appendages of Heterocypris salina (Brady, 1868) Ostracoda (Crustacea) / N. Kubanç, O. Özuluğ, C. Kubanç.

Anmerkung: In kyrill. Schr.

Anmerkung: Contents: Preface. - NICOP Sponsors. - Deep Permafrost Studies at the Lupin Mine: Hydrogeological and Geochemical Information for Nuclear Waste Disposal / L. Ahonen, T. Ruskeeniemi, R. Stotler, S. Frape, K. Lehto, I. Puigdomenech, M. Hobbs, and P. Degnan. - Effect of Fire on Pond Dynamics in Regions of Discontinuous Permafrost: A State of Change Following the Fires of 2004 and 2005? / G. Altmann, D. Verbyla, K. Yoshikawa, and J. Fox. - Cryological Status of Russian Soils: Cartographic Assessment / T.V. Ananko, D.E. Konyushkov, and E.M. Naumov. - Acoustical Surveys of Methane Plumes Using the Quantitative Echo Sounder in the Japan Sea / C. Aoyama, R. Matsumoto, M. Hiromatsu, and G. Snyder. - Permafrost Delineation Near Fairbanks, Alaska, Using Geophysical Techniques / B.N. Astley and A.J. Delaney. - Preparatory Work for a Permanent Geoelectrical Measurement Station for Permafrost Monitoring at the Hoher Sonnblick, Austria / M. Avian, A. Kellerer-Pirklbauer, A. Römer, and R. Supper. - A Provisional Soil Map of the Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica / M.R. Balks, M. McLeod, and J.G. Bockheim. - Martian Permafrost Depths from Orbital Neutron and Temperature Measurements / J.L. Bandfield and W.C. Feldman. - Time Series Analyses of Active Microwave Satellite Data for Monitoring of Hydrology at High Latitudes / A. Bartsch. - Impact of Permafrost Degradation on Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks Related to Pedogenesis and Ecosystem Functioning / F. Baumann, J-S. He, P. Kühn, and T. Scholten. - DC Resistivity Soundings Across a Pebbly Rock Glacier, Kapp Linné, Svalbard / I. Berthling and H. Juliussen. - Modeling Thermal and Moisture Regimes of Permafrost with New Deep Soil Configuration in CLASS / J-P. Blanchette, L. Sushama, and R. Laprise. - A Provisional Permafrost Map of the Transantarctic Mountains / J.G. Bockheim, M. McLeod, and M.R. Balks. - Alpine Permafrost Distribution at Massif Scale: Assessment of Mean Surface Temperatures During the Winter Equilibrium Period Thanks to Topoclimatic and Geomorphological Data (Combeynot Massif, French Alps) / X. Bodin, P. Schoeneich, and M. Fort. - Cryogenic Formations of the Caucasus and the Significance of Their Impact on the Natural Phenomena of the Region / I.V. Bondyrev. - Modeling Potential Climatic Change Impacts on Mountain Permafrost Distribution, Wolf Creek, Yukon, Canada / P.P. Bonnaventure and A.G. Lewkowicz. - A Hypothesis: A Condition of Growth of Thick Ice Wedges / A. Brouchkov. - Modeled Continual Surface Water Storage Change of the Yukon River Basin / R. Bryan, L.D. Hinzman, and R.C. Busey. - Freeze/Thaw Properties of Tundra Soils, with Applications to Trafficability on the North Slope, Alaska / C.F. Bryant, R.F. Paetzold, and M.R. Lilly. - Discontinuous Permafrost Distribution and Groundwater Flow at a Contaminated Site in Fairbanks, Alaska / A.E. Carlson and D.L. Barnes. - Thermal Regime Within an Arctic Waste Rock Pile: Observations and Implications / J.W. Cassie and L.U. Arenson. - Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Active Layer Development in Permafrost Wetland Systems / C.M. Chiu and L.C. Bowling. - Twelve-Year Thaw Progression Data from Zackenberg, Northeast Greenland / H.H. Christiansen and C. Sigsgård. - Continued Permafrost Warming in Northwest Alaska as Detected by the DOI/GTN-P Borehole Array / G.D. Clow. - Landsliding Following Forest Fire on Permafrost Slopes, Klondike Area, Yukon, Canada / J. Coates and A.G. Lewkowicz. - A Permafrost Model Incorporating Dynamic Variable Soil Depth and Properties / R. Coppell and S. Venevsky. - Seasonal Sources of Soil Respiration from High Arctic Landscapes Dominated by Polar Stripes / C.I. Czimczik, S.E. Trumbore, and J. Welker. - Greenland Permafrost Temperature Simulations / R.P. Daanen, V.E. Romanovsky, S.S. Marchenko, J.H. Christensen, M. Stendel, and T. Ingeman-Nielsen. - The Importance of Snow Cover Evolution in Rock Glacier Temperature Modeling / M. DallAmico, S. Endrizzi, R. Rigon, and S. Gruber. - The Account of Long-Term Air Temperature Changes for Building Design in Permafrost / I.V. Davidova and L.N. Khroustalev. - The Combined Isotopic Analysis of Late Quaternary Ice Wedges and Texture Ice at the Lena-Anabar Lowland, Northern Siberia / A. Dereviagin, H. Meyer, A. Chizhov, and D. Magens. - Adaptating and Managing Nunavik’s Transportation Infrastructure / G. Doré, A. Guimond, and G. Grondin. - Human Experience of Cryospheric Change in Nunavut, Canada: Preliminary Findings / N. Doubleday, S. Donaldson, T. Vlasova, A. Kushwaha, and M. Ip. - HiRISE Observations of Fractured Mounds in the Martian Mid-Latitudes / C.M. Dundas and A.S. McEwen. - A Soil Freeze-Thaw Model Through the Soil Water Characteristic Curve / S. Endrizzi, R. Rigon, and M. DallAmico. - Mapping and Modeling the Distribution of Permafrost in the Nordic Countries / B. Etzelmüller, H. Farbrot, O. Humlum, H. Christiansen, H. Juliussen, K. Isaksen, T.V. Schuler, R.S. Ødegård, and H. Ridefelt. - First Results of Ground Surface Temperature Modeling in Finnmark, Northern Norway / H. Farbrot, B. Etzelmüller, K. Isaksen, T.V. Schuler, O.E. Tveito, and H.H. Christiansen. - Historical Changes in the Seasonally Frozen Ground Regions of the Russian Arctic / O.W. Frauenfeld, T. Zhang, A.J. Etringer, R.G. Barry, and D. Gilichinsky. - Rock Glaciers in the Kåfjord Area, Troms, Northern Norway / R. Frauenfelder, J. Tolgensbakk, H. Farbrot, and T.R. Lauknes. - Snowpack Evolution on Permafrost, Non-Permafrost Soils, and Glaciers in the Monte Rosa Massif (Northwest Alps, Italy) / M. Freppaz, M. Maggioni, S. Gandino, and E. Zanini. - Climate Change in Permafrost Regions in North America / M.K.Gavrilova. - Maximizing Construction Season in a Subarctic Environment, Fort Wainwright, Alaska / Q. Gehring and F.J. Wuttig. - Pleistocene Sand-Wedge, Composite-Wedge, and Complex-Wedge Growth in Flanders, Belgium / G. Ghysels, I. Heyse, J.-P. Buylaert, A.S. Murray, D. Vandenberghe, F. De Corte, and P. Van den haute. - Response of Arctic and Subarctic Soils in a Changing Earth (RASCHER) – Project of IPY: Methodology, Activity, Results / S.V. Goryachkin, J.M. Kimble, N.B. Badmaev, M. Drewnik, D.G. Fedorov-Davydov, S.A. Iglovski, E.M. Lapteva, G.M., Mazhitova, N.S. Mergelov, V.E. Ostroumov, and E-M. Pfeiffer. - Monitoring of the Floodplain Talik Downstream from the Ust’-Srednekan Reservoir / S.A. Guly and V.M. Mikhailov. - Retrogressive Thaw Slump Impacts on Inconnu Spawning Habitat in the Selawik River, Alaska / R. Hander, K. Yoshikawa, and N. OlsonClimatic Change and Permafrost Stability in the Eastern Canadian Cordillera / S.A. Harris. - Idealized Modeling of the Impact of Atmospheric Forcing Variables on Mountain Permafrost Degradation / C. Hauck and N. Salzmann. - A Method for the Analysis of the Thermal Permafrost Dynamics / M.A. Hidalgo, J.J. Blanco, M. Ramos, D. Tomé, and G. Vieira. - Ground Truth Observations of the Interior of a Rock Glacier as Validation for Geophysical Monitoring Datasets / C. Hilbich, I. Roer, and C. Hauck. - Internal Structure of Rock Glacier Murtèl Delineated by Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Forward/Inverse Modeling / C. Hilbich. - Permafrost Degradation Beneath a Heat-Producing Coal Waste Rock Pile, Svalbard (78°N) / J. Hollesen and B. Elberling. - Patterns in Soil Carbon Distribution in the Usa Basin (Russia): Linking Soil Properties to Environmental Variables in Constrained Gradient Analysis / G. Hugelius and P. Kuhry. - Total Storage and Landscape Distribution of Soil Carbon in the Central Canadian Arctic Using Different Upscaling Tools / G. Hugelius, P. Kuhry, C. Tarnocai, and T. Virtanen. - Liquid Water Destabilizes Frozen Debris Slope at the Melting Point: A Case Study of a Rock Glacier in the Swiss Alps / A. Ikeda and N. Matsuoka. - TSP NORWAY – Thermal Monitoring of Mountain Permafrost in Northern Norway / K. Isaksen, H. Farbrot, B. Etzelmüller, H.H. Christiansen, L.H. Blikra, K. Midttømme, and J.S. Rønning. - Mapping the Mountain Permafrost in Areas Surrounding

Anmerkung: Contents: PART I GEOLOGICAL AND PALEOECOLOGICAL EVENTS OF THE LATE PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE IN NORTHERN EURASIA. - 1 Geological and Paleoecological Events of the Late Pleistocene along Eurasian Coastal Areas of the Arctic Ocean. - General Upper Pleistocene Stratigraphie Scheme for Northern Eurasia. - Duration of the Mikulino Interglaciation. - Correlation of the Natural Events Correlative with MIS 5d-5a in Northern West Europe and Northwestern Russia. - 2 Late Pleistocene Geologic-Paleoecological Events in the North of European Russia. - Relationship between Land and Sea Areas during the Mikulino Interglacial in Northern Eurasia. - Genetic Types of Continental Sediments. - Marine Sediments of the Boreal Transgression in the North of European Russia. - 3 Main Geologic-Paieoecoioglcal Events of the Late Pleistocene in the North of Western Siberia. - 4 Geologic-Paleoecological Events of the late Pleistocene in the Northern-Siberian Lowland and Taimyr Peninsula. - 5 The Late Glacial Time and Holocene of Northern Eurasia. - 6 Outlines of the Late Pleistocene and Holocene History of the East Arctic Seas. - 7 The Deglaciation Time and Holocene of Northern Eurasia. - PART II MARINE SEDIMENTATION IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN AND SUBARCTIC SEAS. - 8 The Seas of West Subarctic Region. - Geologic and Oceanographic Setting. - History of Sedimentation. - History of Sedimentation Rates. - History of Sedimentation on the Vøring Plateau During the Last 25 ka. - History of Sedimentation at the Continental Margin of Eastern and South-Eastern Greenland During the Last 130 ka. - 9 The Arctic Ocean. - Recent Environment. - Morphostructure, Oceanographic and Sea-Ice Setting, Recent Sediments and Their Mineral Composition. - Facies Variations of Holocene Sediments on the Yermak Plateau (According to Study Data of 〉 63 mkm Fraction). - History of Sedimentation. - History of Sedimentation Rates During the Last 130 ka. - History of Sedimentation on the Yermak Plateau During the Last 190 ka. - Organic-Geochemical Sediment Studies of the Eastern Part of the Central Arctic. - 10 The Western Arctic Seas. - Recent Sedimentation Environment. - The Barents Sea. - The Kara Sea. - Surface Sediments of the Pechora Sea. - Surface Sediments of St. Anna Trough. - Facies Zonality of Surface Sediments in the Eastern Kara Sea. - History of Sedimentation. - Late- and Post-Glacial History of Sedimentation in the Eastern Part of the Barents Sea. - Holocene Sedimentation History in the Southern Novaya Zemlya Trough. - History of Sedimentation in the Pechora Sea During the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. - Light Fraction Mineralogy of the Upper Quaternary Sediments from the Saint Anna Trough and Its Paleoceanographic Interpretation. - Holocene History of Yenisei River Discharge. - Holocene History of Ob River Discharge. - 11 Eastern Arctic Seas. - Recent Sedimentation Environment. - The Laptev Sea. - The East Siberian Sea. - The Chukchi Sea. - History of Sedimentation. - History of Sedimentation in the Laptev Sea During the Late Weichselian to Holocene by Geophysical and Geochemical Data. - Holocene History of the Lena and Other Rivers Discharge in the Laptev Sea. - Organic Geochemical Data About Sedimentation History Along the Continental Slope of the East Siberian Sea During the Last Climatic Cycle. - Preliminary Data About Accumulation of Diatom-Bearing Clayey Silts at the Chukchi Sea Shelf. - 12 Seas of the Eastern Subarctic. - Recent Sedimentation Environment. - History of Sedimentation. - History of Sedimentation in the Deep-Water Part of the Shirshov Ridge (Bering Sea) During the Last Three Marine-Isotope Stages. - History of Sedimentation in the Northern Sea of Okhotsk During the Last 1.1 Ma. - PART III THE LATE PLEISTOCENE PALEOGEOGRAPHIC EVENTS OF NORTHERN EURASIA AND HISTORY OF SEDIMENTATION IN THE SUBARCTIC SEAS AND THE ARCTIC OCEAN IN RELATION TO THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE GLACIATION DURING THE LAST CLIMATIC CYCLE. - 13 Characteristic Features of the Mikulino Landscapes. - 14 Results of Paleoclimate Studies. - 15 Particularities of Sedimentation Processes Within the Continental Blocks and Marine Basins. - Deglaciation Peculiarities. - Facies Variability during Glaciations, Deglaciations, Interglacials. - Geological History of the Arctic Ocean Sea Ice during the Last 60 ka. - Intercoupling of Atmo-, Hydro-, Cryo-, Bio-, and Lithospheres. - References. - Index.

Anmerkung: Contents: Preface. - 1 Getting Started. - 2 Essentials of the R Language. - 3 Data Input. - 4 Dataframes. - 5 Graphics. - 6 Tables. - 7 Mathematics. - 8 Classical Tests. - 9 Statistical Modelling. - 10 Regression. - 11 Analysis of Variance. - 12 Analysis of Covariance. - 13 Generalized Linear Models. - 14 Count Data. - 15 Count Data in Tables. - 16 Proportion Data. - 17 Binary Response Variables. - 18 Generalized Additive Models. - 19 Mixed-Effects Models. - 20 Non-linear Regression. - 21 Tree Models. - 22 Time Series Analysis. - 23 Multivariate Statistics. - 24 Spatial Statistics. - 25 Survival Analysis. - 26 Simulation Models. - 27 Changing the Look of Graphics. - References and Further Reading. - Index.