ALBERT

Note: Contents: Abstract. - Introduction and Acknowledgements. - Metamorphic basement. - Plutonic rocks. - Review of plutonism in Central America, excluding Honduras. - Plutonic rocks of Honduras. - Mesozoic and eocene rocks. - General statement. - Vallę de Angeles group. - Esquias formation. - Matagalpa Formation. - Subinal redbeds. - Ignimbrites. - The pre-ignimbrite surface. - Thickness of the ignimbrites. - Lithology and mineral composition. - Associated lavas. - Ignimbrite vents. - Fluviatile and lacustrine beds associated with ignimbrites. - Age and correlation. - Chemical composition - major elements. - Origin of ignimbrite magmas. - Dikes. - Borderlands of the Gulf of Fonseca. - The Gracias Formation. - Quaternary Volcanism. - General statement. - Description of individual volcanic fields. - Gulf of Fonseea. - Volcanoes of the central highlands. - The Lake Yojoa volcanic field. - Lavas in the Sula graben. - Utila Island. - Geologic structure of Honduras. - Appendix: Microscopic Petrography. - A. Plutonic rocks. - B. Andesites and basalts of the Matagalpa Formation. - C. Lavas of the Gulf of Fonseca sequence. - D. Dike rocks. - E. Ignimbrites. - F. Quaternary lavas. - Literature cited.

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift , Mit Zusammenfassung und Inhaltsverzeichnis in englischer Sprache

Note: Contents: Preface. - Symbols, units and numerical values. - 1. The nature and scope of meteorology. - 1.1. Meteorology in relation to other sciences. - 1.2. Variations in space and time. - 1.3. Applied meteorology. - 2. Physical properties of the atmosphere. - 2.1. Composition of dry air. - 2.1.1. Mean molecular weight. - 2.1.2. Dissociation and ionization. - 2.1.3. Escape to space of component molecules. - 2.2. Pressure, density and temperature. - 2.2.1. Definition of pressure. - 2.2.2. Values near sea level. - 2.2.3. Variations in the vertical. - 2.2.4. Diurnal fluctuations at upper levels. - 2.2.5. Horizontal pressure gradients. - 2.3. Water vapour. - 2.3.1. Humidity mixing ratio. - 2.3.2. Density of moist air. - 2.3.3. Saturation vapour pressure. - 2.3.4. Paths leading to saturation. - 2.3.5. Measurement of vapour pressure. - 2.3.6. Distribution of water vapour. - 3. Heat transfer. - 3.1. Radiation processes. - 3.1.1. Solar radiation: its energy distribution. - 3.1.2. The solar constant. - 3.1.3. Effect of the atmosphere and earth on solar radiation. - 3.1.4. Radiation from the earth and atmosphere. - 3.2. Convection. - 3.2.1. Adiabatic temperature changes. - 3.2.2. Adiabatic equation. - 3.2.3. Potential temperature: dry adiabatic lapse rate. - 3.2.4 Saturated adiabatic lapse rate. - 3.2.5. Stability and instability. - 3.3. Heat transfer in land and sea. - 3.3.1. Heating and cooling of soil. - 3.3.2. Heating and cooling of water. - 4. Condensation and precipitation. - 4.1. Microphysical processes. - 4.1.1 Condensation nuclei. - 4.1.2. Curvature and solute effects. - 4.1.3. Water-droplet clouds. - 4.1.4. Ice nuclei. - 4.1.5. Ice-crystal clouds. - 4.1.6. Precipitation from water clouds. - 4.1.7. Precipitation from mixed clouds. - 4.1.8. Thunderstorm electricity. - 4.2. Larger-scale processes. - 4.2.1. Surface cooling. - 4.2.2. Evaporation. - 4.2.3. Vertical motion. - 4.3. Cloud observations. - 4.3.1. Cloud genera: their heights and composition. - 4.3.2. Cloud recognition and general features. - 4.3.3. Effects of vertical wind shear. - 4.3.4. Cloud classification for forecasting. - 5. The tephigram. - 5.1. Construction of the diagram. - 5.1.1. Coordinates: area and energy. - 5.1.2. Isobars. - 5.1.3. Saturation mixing ratio lines. - 5.1.4. Saturated adiabatics. - 5.1.5. Height variation. - 5.2. Simple graphical computations. - 5.2.1. Height. - 5.2.2. Humidity elements. - 5.2.3. Condensation levels. - 5.2.4. Föhn effects. - 5.3. Precipitable water and precipitation rate. - 5.3.1. Formula and calculation. - 5.3.2. Precipitation rate. - 5.3.3. Water content of convection clouds. - 5.4. The effects of vertical motion on lapse rate. - 5.4.1. Unsaturated or saturated motion. - 5.4.2. Potential (convective) instability. - 5.5. Tephigram analysis. - 5.5.1. Latent instability. - 5.5.2. Air mass characteristics. - 6. Winds. - 6.1. Laws of motion and the earth's rotation. - 6.1.1. Newton's First and Second Laws. - 6.1.2. Nature of the earth's rotation. - 6.1.3. Effects of the earth's rotation: the Coriolis force. - 6.2. Inertial flow and geostrophic winds. - 6.2.1. Nature of inertial flow. - 6.2.2. Nature of geostrophic flow. - 6.2.3. Geostrophic wind equation. - 6.2.4. Wind and pressure near the equator. - 6.3. Gradient winds. - 6.4. Winds in the friction layer. - 6.5. Thermal winds. - 6.5.1. Vertical shear vector. - 6.5.2. Temperature control of the shear vector. - 6.5.3. Thermal wind equation and thickness charts. - 6.5.4. Hodographs and temperature advection. - 6.5.5. Jet streams. - 7. Instruments and observations. - 7.1. Routine surface observations. - 7.1.1. Pressure. - 7.1.2. Temperature and humidity. - 7.1.3. Precipitation and evaporation. - 7.1.4. Wind. - 7.1.5. Clouds and visibility. - 7.1.6. Sunshine and radiation. - 7.1.7. Ship observations. - 7.2. Upper air observations. - 7.2.1. Historical. - 7.2.2. The radiosonde: radar winds. - 7.2.3. Ozone measurements. - 7.3. World Weather Watch. - 7.4. Experiments in observation and interpretation. - 7.4.1. Pressure. - 7.4.2. Temperature and humidity. - 7.4.3. Evaporation and rainfall. - 7.4.4. Wind. - 7.4.5. Radiation. - 7.4.6. Topographical influences. - 8. Synoptic Meteorology. - 8.1. The surface weather map: an introduction. - 8.1.1. The plotting code. - 8.1.2. Pressure systems and features. - 8.1.3. Air masses. - 8.1.4. Fronts. - 8.2. Air mass characteristics. - 8.2.1. Classification. - 8.2.2. Modifications. - 8.2.3. Air masses over the British Isles. - 8.3. Frontal characteristics. - 8.3.1. The stability of a frontal surface. - 8.3.2. Equilibrium slope of a frontal surface. - 8.3.3. Frontal structure. - 8.4. Frontal depressions. - 8.4.1. The life cycle of a frontal depression. - 8.4.2. Cold front waves; depression families. - 8.4.3. Warm front waves. - 8.4.4. Secondaries at points of occlusion. - 8.5. Non-frontal depressions. - 8.5.1. Heat lows. - 8.5.2. Polar lows. - 8.5.3. Orographic lows. - 8.5.4. Tropical cyclones. - 8.5.5. Tornadoes. - 8.6. Anticyclones. - 8.6.1. General characteristics. - 8.6.2. Cold and warm anticyclones. - 8.7 Synoptic development. - 8.7.1. Convergence, divergence and vertical motion. - 8.7.2. Convergence and vorticity. - 8.7.3 Long waves. - 8.7.4. Circulation indices: blocking. - 8.8. Surface analysis. - 8.8.1. General. - 8.8.2. Representativeness of observations. - 8.8.3. METMAPS. - 9. Micrometeorology. - 9.1. The nature of airflow near the ground. - 9.1.1. Wind speeds over a uniform level surface. - 9.1.2. Flow within a fluid boundary layer. - 9.1.3. Shearing stress via the mixing length concept. - 9.1.4. The friction velocity u*. - 9.1.5. Interpretation of the mixing length concept. - 9.1.6. The wind profile equation in complete form. - 9.2. The influence of surface roughness on the wind. - 9.2.1. Roughness in the aerodynamic sense. - 9.2.2. Roughness in relation to shearing stress and mean wind speed. - 9.2.3. The drag coefficient CD. - 9.2.4. CD as a transfer coefficient. - 9.2.5. Effect of a change in surface roughness. - 9.3. Vertical transport by turbulence. - 9.3.1. Flux equations; use of electrical analogy. - 9.3.2. Heat flux and other calculations. - 9.3.3. Vertical temperature gradients in relation to turbulent exchange. - 10. The general circulation. - 10.1. General characteristics. - 10.1.1. Genesis and interactions. - 10.1.2. Time fluctuations. - 10.2. Observations. - 10.2.1. Time- and space-averaging. - 10.2.2. Tracers. - 10.3. Experiment and theory. - 10.3.1. The rotating vessel experiment. - 10.3.2. Conservation principles. - 10.3.3. Cellular models. - 10.4. Climatic zones. - 11. Weather forecasting. - 11.1. Historical survey. - 11.1.1. 1860-1920. - 11.1.2. 1920-1945. - 11.1.3. 1945-1960. - 11.1.4. 1960 onwards. - 11.2. Conventional forecasting. - 11.2.1. Pressure tendency. - 11.2.2. Making the forecast. - 11.3. Long-range forecasting. - 11.3.1. Statistical methods. - 11.3.2. Synoptic methods. - 11.3.3. Analogues. - 11.4. Numerical forecasting. - 11.4.1. The barotropic model. - 11.4.2. Later developments. - 11.5. Predictability and control. - 11.5.1. Short-range predictability. - 11.5.2. Medium-range predictability. - 11.5.3. Long-range predictability: climatic trends. - 11.5.4. Weather and climate modification. - Answers to Problems. - Subject Index. - The Wykeham Series.

Note: Inhalt: I. PFP-Periode Juli 1966. - 1. The variation of the geomagnetic field in middle and high latitude during the period from June, 28th to July, 13th, 1966 / A. Best, G. Fanselau, A. Grafe, H.-R. Lehmann, Chr.-Ulr. Wagner. - 2. Some characteristics of the disturbances of the ionospheric F2 region, following the proton flares of July and September 1966, and May 1967 / H. Lange, J. Taubenheim. - 3. Remarks on the storage of energy leading to impulsive bursts and proton flares / A. Krüger. - II. PFP-Periode August-September 1966. - 4. The radio bursts associated with the active region of the second PFP-period 1966 / A. Böhme, A. Krüger. - 5. On the type IV events of 1966, August 28th and September 2nd / A. Böhme, A. Krüger. - 6. The variations of the geomagnetic field in northern latitudes and of the ring-current field during the proton flare events from 27th August to 7th September, 1966. - 7. Effects in the lower ionosphere during the September 1966 PFP-Event / R. Knuth, E. A. Lauter, W. Lippert. - Autorenverzeichnis. , Mit Text in englischer Sprache

Note: Contents: Foreword. - Introduction. - Information concerning the Taxonomic Arrangement and the Origin of the Material Examined. - Notes on Keys and Descriptions. - Glossary. - List of Abbreviations. - Key to the Genera. - Cyperus. - Eriophorum. - Scirpus. - Blysmus. - Eleocharis. - Trichophorum. - Schoenus. - Cladium. - Rhynchospora. - Kobresia. - Carex. - References. - Index of Used Specimens. - Index of Species. - Explanation of Plates. - Plates 1—39. - Fold up Map of Simple Systematical Plane Shapes and Colour Chart.

Note: Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Indre Kongsfjorden (Vestspitsbergen) : Nordblatt 〈1 : 25 000〉 , Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Indre Kongsfjorden (Vestspitsbergen) : Südblatt 〈1 : 25 000〉 , Inhalt: Zur Karte "Indre Kongsfjorden (Vestspitsbergen) 1: 25 000" (W. Pillewizer) Zur Karte des Kongsvegen-Kronebre 1 : 50 000, (Westspitzbergen) (W. Pillewizer) Die Bewegung der Zunge des Blomstrandbre (Kongsfjord, Vestspitzbergen) (I. Militzer, U. Voigt) Block Movement of Glaciers (W. Pillewizer, U. Voigt) Errata zu Teil I

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Einführungsvortrag zum Internationalen Ozonseminar / K. H. Grasnick. - On the accuracy of spectroscopic measurements of atmospheric ozone / G. M. B. Dobson. - Atmospheric ozone in Central and Southeast Europe during the IQSY / Rumen D. Bojkov. - Über Ozongehalt und stratosphärische Zirkulation im europäischen Raum bei spezieller Wetterlage / C. Busch. - Infra-red emission and atmospheric ozone / C. D. Walshaw. - Nekotorye rezul'taty issledovanij atmosfernogo ozona v SSSR v period MGSS = Некоторые результаты исследований атмосферного озона в СССР в период МГСС = Einige Ergebnisse der Untersuchung des atmosphärischen Ozons während des IQSY in der UdSSR / G. P. Guščin = Г. П. Гущин = G. P. Guschtschin. - Die stratosphärische Erwärmung über Mitteleuropa vom 8.-12- März 1965 / W. Hoebbel, K. H. Grasnick. - Einige Erscheinungen der unteren Ionosphäre und mögliche Kopplungen zu tieferen Atmosphärenschichten / G. Entzian. - Comparison between the vertical ozone distribution profiles obtained from Umkehr and ozonesonde data / Rumen D. Bojkov. - Entwicklungsstand der Ozonsondentechnik / D. Sonntag. - Opyty po usoveršenstvovaniju apparatury spektrofotometra dobsona i nekotorye techničeskie uslovija graduirovki optičeskich klinov = Опыты по усовершенствованию аппаратуры спектрофотометра добсона и некоторые технические условия градуировки оптических клинов = Versuche zur Vervollkommnung der Apparatur des Dobson-Spektrophotometers und einige technische Bedingungen der Eichung der optischen Keile / M. Gorski = М. Горски. - The analysis of the accuracy of measurements of the total ozone amount performed at Belsk - Poland / A. Dziewulska-Łosiowa. - Einige Verbesserungen zur Temperaturkonstanz innerhalb des Dobson-Spektrophotometers / K. H. Grasnick. - On isotopic mass transport from stratosphere to troposphere by baroclinic disturbances / M. Łękawska-Degórska. - Anschriften der Verfasser. , Beiträge teilweise in deutscher, teilweise in englischer, teilweise in russischer Sprache , Beiträge teilweise in kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Nationalkomitee für Geodäsie und Geophysik (NKGG). - 1.1. Zusammensetzung. - 1.2. Mitgliedschaften in internationalen wissenschaftlichen Vereinigungen. - 2. Die Tätigkeit des NKGG erfolgt in den drei grossen Komplexen. - 2.1. Lithosphäre. - 2.1.1. Upper-Mantle-Project und Studium rezenter Erdkrustenbewegungen. - 2.1.2. Geodäsie. - 2.1.3. Gravimetrie. - 2.1.4. Erdgezeiten. - 2.1.5. Geodätische Astronomie und Arbeitsgruppe Optische Satellitenbeobachtungen. - 2.1.6. Seismologie und Physik des Erdinneren. - 2.1.7. Magentische Weltvermessung und Geomagnetismus. - 2.2. Atmosphäre. - 2.2.1. Internationale Jahre der ruhigen Sonne 1964/65 (IQSY). - 2.2.2. Mitgliedschaft der DDR im COSPAR, Bericht zu den Arbeiten der COSPAR-Kommission des NKGG. - 2.2.3. Meteorologie und Physik der Atmosphäre. - 2.2.4. Ionosphäre und Kosmische Strahlung. - 2.3. Hydrosphäre. - 2.3.1. Ozeanographie. - 2.3.2. Hydrologisches Dezennium und Fachgruppe Wissenschaftliche Hydrologie. - 3. Expeditionen. - 3.1. Polargebiete. - 3.1.1. Antarktis. - 3.1.2. Arktis. - 3.2. Mittlere und niedere Breiten. - 3.3. Ozeanographische Unternehmungen. - 4. Technisches Büro. - 5. Referat Publikationen. - 5.1. Schriftenreihe des NKGG. - 5.2. Internationale geodätische Dokumentation, IGD. - 5.3. Hydrologische Bibliographie. - In Memorian Otto Meisser. - In Memorian Gertraud Richter.

Note: Table of Contents PREFACE 1. Introduction References 2. Data Acquisition Systems Introduction 2.1 Balloon Soundings 2.2 Rocket Systems 2.3 Summary References 3. The Lower Stratosphere Introduction 3.1 Tropopause 3.2 Stratonull 3.3 Equatorial Lower Stratosphere 3.4 Temperature Structure 3.5 Circulation 3.6 Water Vapor 3.7 Particulate Matter 3.8 Ozone in the Lower Stratosphere References 4. The Upper Stratosphere Introduction 4.1 Stratospheric Circulation 4.2 Sudden W armings of the Stratosphere 4.3 Stable Stratospheric Winters 4.4 Spring Reversal 4.5 Fall Reversal 4.6 Temperature and Density Structure 4.7 Detail Structure 4.8 Diurnal Variations 4.9 Composition 4.10 Acoustic Structure References 5. The Mesosphere Introduction 5.1 Mesospheric Circulation 5.2 Temperature Structure 5.3 Noctilucent Clouds 5.4 Electrical Characteristics References 6. Summary AUTHOR INDEX SUBJECT INDEX

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis = Contents Inhalt = Contents Vorwort = Foreword A. Seismologie = A. Seismology B. Physik des oberen Erdmantels = B. Physics of the Upper Mantle of the Earth C. Gravimetrie, Geodäsie, Erdgezeiten und rezente Erdkrustenbewegungen = C. Gravimetry, Geodesy, Tides of the Earth and Recent Movements of the Earth' s Crust. D. Magnetismus = D. Magnetism E. Theorie und Berechnungsanlagen = E. Theory and· Computers F. Tiefbohrungen für wissenschaftliche Zwecke = F. Deep Drilling for Scientific Purposes G. Petrologie = G. Petrology H. Tektonik = H. Tectonics J. Geochemie = J. Geochemistry , Text deutsch und englisch

Note: Contents: From the editor. - The sixth Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1960-1962). - The Pravda Coast. - Unloading the Ob at Mirny. - Operations of expedition parties. - Aerometeorological researches. - Sea and coastal ice researches. - Geophysical researches. - Operations of the aviation group. - Connection with Antarctic expeditions of other countries. - Brief summary of results of researches conducted by the sixth Soviet Antarctic Expedition. - The Seventh Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1961-1963). - Organization and tasks of the expedition. - Routes of expedition ships. - D/s Ob. - M/s Kooperatsia. - First flight: the Soviet Union - Antarctica. - Flight Moscow - Mirny. - Flights in Antarctica. - Home-coming. - The Pravda Coast. - Unloading the ships. - Operations of the expedition parties. - Traverses to the 100th km. - Brief summary of results of researches conducted by the Seventh Soviet Antarctic Expedition. - The Eighth Soviet Antarctic expedition (1962-1964). - Organization and tasks of the expedition. - Routes of expedition ships. - D/s Ob. - M/s Esthonia. - Mirny Observatory. - Tractor-sledge traverses of inland areas of Eastern Antarctica. - Sixth expedition traverses. - Auxiliary traverse along the route Mirny - Komsomolskaya - Mirny. - Transport traverse along the Mirny - Vostok route. - Scientific-research traverse along the route Komosomolskaya - Sovetskaya - Vostok - Komsomolskaya. - Eighth expedition traverse. - Operation of the Antarctic stations. - Vostok. - Komsomolskaya. - Novolazarevskaya. - Enderby Land. - Debarkation and unloading the "Ob". - Operation of expedition parties. - Molodezhnaya. - Atlas of the Antarctic. - International cooperation in the study of Antarctica. - Antarctic treaty. - Second consultative meeting concerning the Antarctic treaty. - Scientific Committee on Antarctic researches. - Abstract. - References. - Appendices. - 1. List of members of the Soviet Antarctic Expeditions. - 2. Main data of the Soviet Antarctic stations. - 3. Calendar of the expedition ships operations. - 4. Personnel of the Soviet Antarctic Expeditions of 1955-1965. - 5. Period of operations of the Soviet Antarctic Expeditions of 1955-1964. - 6. Recommendations of the First Consultative Meeting concerning the Antarctic Treaty. - 7. Recommendations of the Second Consultative Meeting concerning the Antarctic Treaty. , In kyrillischer Schrift , Mit englischer Zusammenfassung