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  • Articles  (8)
  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (8)
  • Contracts and Reputation  (5)
  • Occupational Choice  (3)
  • Oxford University Press  (8)
  • Copernicus
  • Geography  (8)
  • 1
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    Measuring industry coagglomeration and identifying the driving forces (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-20
    Description: Understanding industry agglomeration and its driving forces is critical for the formulation of industrial policy in developing countries. Crucial to this process is the definition and measurement of agglomeration. We construct a new coagglomeration index based purely on the location of firms. We examine what this index reveals about the importance of transport costs, labour market pooling and technology transfer for agglomeration processes, controlling for overall industry agglomeration. We compare the results based on our new measure to existing measures in the literature and find very different underlying stories at work. We conclude that in conducting analyses of this kind giving consideration to the source of agglomeration economies, employees or entrepreneurs, and finding an appropriate measure for agglomeration, are both crucial to the process of identifying agglomerative forces.
    Keywords: L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, L60 - General, O14 - Industrialization ; Manufacturing and Service Industries ; Choice of Technology, O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences ; Diffusion Processes
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Single-firm case studies in economic geography: some methodological reflections on the case of Zara (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-14
    Description: In this article, I reassess the undeserved reputation of Inditex’s Zara as a ‘home-sewn exception to globalization’ for supposedly keeping manufacturing at home despite larger trends; and I use the occasion to make a case for rigorous, evidentially strong single-firm case studies. In the process, I draw attention to the manner in which the value-adding qualities of scholarly work are being judged in economic geography; and argue that the prioritization of novelty over unenhanced readings of realities may encourage case studies to be presented as more unique and exceptional than they actually are.
    Keywords: D21 - Firm Behavior, F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business, L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope, L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Migration and inter-industry mobility of UK graduates (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-18
    Description: New university graduates are highly geographically mobile, but, as the literature has shown, often struggle in the labour market, working in non-graduate level jobs or in a field different from the one for which they are qualified. In this context, inter-industry moves can act as complements or substitutes for geographical moves, with graduates reacting to job mismatches by either changing location, industry, or both. Self-selection is also likely; industry movers may differ from non-movers in ways that also affect their career outcomes. We analyse the relationship between migration and inter-industry moves using longitudinal microdata for 7060 recent UK graduates.
    Keywords: I23 - Higher Education Research Institutions, J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity, J28 - Safety ; Job Satisfaction ; Related Public Policy, R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Local entrepreneurship clusters in cities (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-04
    Description: We show that entrepreneurs are co-located within cities. One plausible source of such spatial clustering is local social interactions, where individuals’ decisions to become entrepreneurs are influenced by entrepreneurial neighbors. Using geo-coded matched employer–employee data for Sweden, we find that sharing residential neighborhood with established entrepreneurs has a statistically significant and robust influence on the probability that an individual leaves employment for entrepreneurship. An otherwise average neighborhood with a 5% point higher entrepreneurial intensity, all else equal, produces between six and seven additional entrepreneurs per square kilometer, each year. Our estimates suggest a local feedback-effect in which the presence of established entrepreneurs in a neighborhood influences the emergence of new local entrepreneurs. Our analysis supports the conjecture that social interaction effects constitute a mechanism by which local entrepreneurship clusters in cities develop and persist over time.
    Keywords: J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity, L26 - Entrepreneurship, R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity, R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    The dynamics of the inventor network in German biotechnology: geographic proximity versus triadic closure (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-04-20
    Description: Economic geography has developed a stronghold analyzing how geography impacts innovation. Yet, despite increased interest in networks, a critical assessment of the role of geography in the evolution of networks is still lacking. This article attempts to explore the interplay between geographic distance and triadic closure as two main forces that drive the evolution of collaboration networks. Analyzing the evolution of inventor networks in German biotechnology, the article theoretically argues and empirically demonstrates that—as the technological regime of an industry changes over time—inventors increasingly rely on network resources by forming links to partners of partners, while the direct impact of geographic distance on tie formation decreases. Although initially triadic closure reinforces the geographic distance effect by closing triads among proximate inventors, over time triadic closure becomes an increasingly powerful vehicle to generate longer distance collaboration ties as the effect of geographic proximity decreases.
    Keywords: D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory, L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, L65 - Chemicals ; Rubber ; Drugs ; Biotechnology, R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Return migration and geography of innovation in MNEs: a natural experiment of knowledge production by local workers reporting to return migrants (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-18
    Description: I study whether return migrants facilitate knowledge production by local employees working for them at geographically distant research and development (R&D) locations. Using unique personnel and patenting data for 1315 employees at the Indian R&D center of a Fortune 500 technology firm, I exploit a natural experiment where the assignment of managers for newly hired college graduates is mandated by rigid HR rules and is uncorrelated to observable characteristics of the graduates. Given this assignment protocol, I find that local employees with returnee managers file disproportionately more US patents. I also find some evidence that return migrants act as a ‘bridge’ to transfer knowledge from the MNE headquarters to the local employees working for them.
    Keywords: F22 - International Migration, F23 - Multinational Firms ; International Business, J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity, O34 - Intellectual Property Rights, R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    The economic value of local social networks (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-20
    Description: The idea that local social capital yields economic benefits is fundamental to theories of agglomeration, and central to claims about the virtues of cities. However, this relationship has not been evaluated using methods that permit confident statements about causality. This article examines what happens to firms that become affiliated with ‘dealmakers’—individuals who are unusually well connected in local social networks. We adopt a quasi-experimental approach, which examines firms that added exactly one new individual to their firm, combining difference-in-differences and propensity score matching to address selection and\ identification challenges. The results indicate that when compared to a control group, firms which link to a dealmaker are rewarded with substantial gains in employment and sales.
    Keywords: L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development, O18 - Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses, R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Distance as asset? Knowledge collaboration in hybrid virtual communities (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: This article takes issue with the reification of proximity in the current debates about the geographies of knowledge production. It aims at developing a more differentiated view on the spatialities of learning by focussing on knowledge practices in which neither physical nor relational proximity are available. More specifically, the article explores on the basis of a ‘netnographic approach’ interactive knowledge collaboration in nine ‘hybrid virtual communities’ that reflect a broad spectrum of organizational set-ups from firm hosted over firm related to independent communities. Our empirical analysis reveals that hybrid virtual communities even in the absence of physical or relational proximity are able to produce economically useful knowledge; that despite the low importance of proximity the physical and material conditions play a crucial role for knowledge collaboration in hybrid virtual communities; and that hybrid virtual communities afford unique technical opportunities and social dynamics that foster learning processes unattainable in face-to-face contexts.
    Keywords: D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief, L14 - Transactional Relationships ; Contracts and Reputation ; Networks, L17 - Open Source Products and Markets
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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