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  • Artikel  (61)
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  • 1
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    Identification of the DNA binding site for NGFI-B by genetic selection in yeast (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-05-31
    Beschreibung: An in vivo selection system for isolating targets of DNA binding proteins in yeast was developed and used to identify the DNA binding site for the NGFI-B protein, a member of the steroid-thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. The feasibility of the technique was verified by selecting DNA fragments that contained binding sites for GCN4, a well-characterized yeast transcriptional activator. The DNA binding domain of NGFI-B, expressed as part of a LexA-NGFI-B-GAL4 chimeric activator, was then used to isolate a rat genomic DNA fragment that contained an NGFI-B binding site. The NGFI-B response element (NBRE) is similar to but functionally distinct from elements recognized by the estrogen and thyroid hormone receptors and the hormone receptor-like proteins COUP-TF, CF1, and H-2RIIBP. Cotransfection experiments in mammalian cells demonstrated that NGFI-B can activate transcription from the NBRE with or without its putative ligand binding domain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, T E -- Fahrner, T J -- Johnston, M -- Milbrandt, J -- NS01018/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA49712/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 May 31;252(5010):1296-300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1925541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Fungal/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Fungal Proteins/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1 ; Plasmids ; *Protein Kinases ; Rats ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; Receptors, Steroid ; Repressor Proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; *Serine Endopeptidases ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Space may be bad for your health (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-09-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 27;253(5027):1491.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1896859" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Motion Sickness/*etiology ; Rats ; Scyphozoa ; *Space Flight ; *Weightlessness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Split anergy in a CD8+ T cell: receptor-dependent cytolysis in the absence of interleukin-2 production (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-03-08
    Beschreibung: Engagement of the antigen-specific receptor (TCR) of CD4+ T lymphocytes without a second (costimulatory) signal prevents the subsequent production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) by these cells. Because IL-2 is a key immunoregulatory lymphokine and is also produced by a subset of CD8+ T cells that are able to kill target cells, the effect of engaging the TCR of one such clone in the absence of costimulatory signals was examined. The capacity for TCR-dependent IL-2 production was lost, indicating comparable costimulator-dependent signaling requirements for IL-2 production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. However, TCR-mediated cytotoxicity was not impaired, implying that costimulation is required for only certain TCR-dependent effector functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Otten, G R -- Germain, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 8;251(4998):1228-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lymphocyte Biology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1900952" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology ; Antigens, CD8 ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/*immunology ; Female ; Interleukin-2/biosynthesis/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Ovalbumin/immunology ; Rats ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*immunology ; Spleen/immunology/radiation effects ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Modulation of cardiac sodium channels by cAMP receptors on the myocyte surface (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-09-13
    Beschreibung: The phosphorylation of the cardiac sodium channel by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A leads to its inactivation. It was shown that extracellular cAMP can also modulate the sodium channel of rat, guinea pig, and frog ventricular myocytes in a rapid (less than 50 milliseconds), reversible, and dose-dependent manner. The decrease in the sodium current was accompanied by a 10- to 15-millivolt shift in the steady-state availability of the sodium channel toward more negative potentials and was inhibited by guanosine-5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) or pertussis toxin, suggesting that the extracellular modulation of the sodium channel by cAMP is mediated by a membrane-delimited mechanism that includes a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sorbera, L A -- Morad, M -- HL16152/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 13;253(5025):1286-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1653970" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cyclic AMP/*pharmacology ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/pharmacology ; Guanosine Diphosphate/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart/drug effects/*physiology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Pertussis Toxin ; Rana pipiens ; Rats ; Receptors, Cyclic AMP/drug effects/*physiology ; Sodium Channels/drug effects/*physiology ; Thionucleotides/pharmacology ; Virulence Factors, Bordetella/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Cloning and expression of a cocaine-sensitive rat dopamine transporter (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-10-25
    Beschreibung: The action of dopamine and other monoamine neurotransmitters at synapses is terminated predominantly by high-affinity reuptake into presynaptic terminals by specific sodium-dependent neurotransmitter transport proteins. A complementary DNA encoding a rat dopamine transporter has been isolated that exhibits high sequence similarity with the previously cloned norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid transporters. Transient expression of the complementary DNA in HeLa cells confirms the cocaine sensitivity of this transporter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kilty, J E -- Lorang, D -- Amara, S G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Oct 25;254(5031):578-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carrier Proteins/drug effects/*genetics/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cocaine/*pharmacology ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; Gene Expression ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Kinetics ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Rats ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Exchange of conduction pathways between two related K+ channels (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-02-22
    Beschreibung: The structure of the ion conduction pathway or pore of voltage-gated ion channels is unknown, although the linker between the membrane spanning segments S5 and S6 has been suggested to form part of the pore in potassium channels. To test whether this region controls potassium channel conduction, a 21-amino acid segment of the S5-S6 linker was transplanted from the voltage-activated potassium channel NGK2 to another potassium channel DRK1, which has very different pore properties. In the resulting chimeric channel, the single channel conductance and blockade by external and internal tetraethylammonium (TEA) ion were characteristic of the donor NGK2 channel. Thus, this 21-amino acid segment controls the essential biophysical properties of the pore and may form the conduction pathway of these potassium channels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hartmann, H A -- Kirsch, G E -- Drewe, J A -- Taglialatela, M -- Joho, R H -- Brown, A M -- NS08805/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS23877/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS28407/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Feb 22;251(4996):942-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2000495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/physiology ; Chimera ; Cloning, Molecular ; Female ; Ion Channel Gating ; Membrane Potentials ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Oocytes/physiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Potassium Channels/drug effects/genetics/*physiology ; Rats ; Restriction Mapping ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Tetraethylammonium ; Tetraethylammonium Compounds/pharmacology ; Xenopus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Engineers open a dialogue with neurons (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-07-05
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Amato, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Jul 5;253(5015):34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2063204" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biomedical Engineering ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodes, Implanted ; *Neurons ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Protein kinase activity closely associated with a reconstituted calcium-activated potassium channel (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-08-02
    Beschreibung: Modulation of the activity of potassium and other ion channels is an essential feature of nervous system function. The open probability of a large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel from rat brain, incorporated into planar lipid bilayers, is increased by the addition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the cytoplasmic side of the channel. This modulation takes place without the addition of protein kinase, requires Mg2+, and is mimicked by an ATP analog that serves as a substrate for protein kinases but not by a nonhydrolyzable ATP analog. Addition of protein phosphatase 1 reverses the modulation by MgATP. Thus, there may be an endogenous protein kinase activity firmly associated with this K+ channel. Some ion channels may exist in a complex that contains regulatory protein kinases and phosphatases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chung, S K -- Reinhart, P H -- Martin, B L -- Brautigan, D -- Levitan, I B -- DK31374/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- NS17910/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Aug 2;253(5019):560-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1857986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Triphosphate/pharmacology ; Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Lipid Bilayers ; Potassium Channels/drug effects/metabolism/*physiology ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Crystal structure of defensin HNP-3, an amphiphilic dimer: mechanisms of membrane permeabilization (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-03-22
    Beschreibung: Defensins (molecular weight 3500 to 4000) act in the mammalian immune response by permeabilizing the plasma membranes of a broad spectrum of target organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. The high-resolution crystal structure of defensin HNP-3 (1.9 angstrom resolution, R factor 0.19) reveals a dimeric beta sheet that has an architecture very different from other lytic peptides. The dimeric assembly suggests mechanisms by which defensins might bind to and permeabilize the lipid bilayer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hill, C P -- Yee, J -- Selsted, M E -- Eisenberg, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 22;251(5000):1481-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Eisenberg, Molecular Biology Institute, Los Angeles, CA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2006422" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Blood Proteins/chemistry/*ultrastructure ; Cell Membrane Permeability ; Crystallography ; Defensins ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Protein Conformation ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; X-Ray Diffraction ; *alpha-Defensins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Modulation of the time course of fast EPSCs and glutamate channel kinetics by aniracetam (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1991-10-11
    Beschreibung: It is generally accepted that glutamate serves as the neurotransmitter at most excitatory synapses in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Synaptic release of glutamate may trigger a fast and a slow excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC). The slow EPSC is mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channels, whereas the fast EPSC is mediated by non-NMDA receptor channels. The nootropic agent aniracetam selectively and reversibly slows the desensitization kinetics of non-NMDA channels and lengthens their single-channel open times. Antiracetam also modulates the kinetics of the fast EPSC in a manner that mirrors its action on the kinetics of the non-NMDA channels. These results support the hypothesis that the properties of the non-NMDA glutamate channels rather than the rate of neurotransmitter clearance are the primary determinants of the kinetics of the fast EPSC in the mammalian CNS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tang, C M -- Shi, Q Y -- Katchman, A -- Lynch, G -- NS28158/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Oct 11;254(5029):288-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1681589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials/*drug effects ; Animals ; Glutamates/*physiology ; Glutamic Acid ; Kinetics ; Pyrrolidinones/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Glutamate ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects ; Synapses/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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