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  • Articles  (56)
  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (56)
  • Wiley  (56)
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  • 2020-2022
  • 2010-2014  (56)
  • 1960-1964
  • 2014  (56)
  • Journal of Contemporary Water Research and Education  (46)
  • 66860
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (56)
  • Mathematics
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • Articles  (56)
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  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (56)
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  • Wiley  (56)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • American Meteorological Society
  • American Society of Civil Engineers
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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  • 2020-2022
  • 2010-2014  (56)
  • 1960-1964
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  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (56)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-01-30
    Description: The term immersive education is currently used in two educational areas – language education, which involves students being totally immersed in a language and its culture; and virtual education, where teachers use computers and simulation games to immerse learners in a virtual, computer-generated environment that mimics a real-world environment and allows learners to interact with it. This paper uses examples from university teaching practices in marine studies and coastal zone management to make a case for a third definition for immersive education in tertiary settings – educating water managers by immersing and guiding them through real-world situations that involve understanding and managing water, biodiversity, catchments, and people, and the interactions between them. Immersive education of this third kind, and traditional tertiary education approaches such as lectures and demonstrations, are compared, and the advantages of immersive education are discussed. The examples from practice and discussion presented show immersive education as being experiential and real, process-driven, trans-disciplinary, collaborative, participatory, and active, encouraging critical thinking and a renegotiation of power in relationships between participants. Such immersive education develops passion and persuasive capacity in students, providing personal experiences that are memorable and potentially life-changing. Challenges to immersive education in tertiary education, including lack of finances, teacher burn-out, safety concerns, and inertia to maintain the status quo of traditional education, are highlighted, as are ways to overcome these.
    Print ISSN: 1936-7031
    Electronic ISSN: 1936-704X
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-01-30
    Description: Most doctoral programs in the U.S. remain “stove-piped” in traditional single-discipline fields, while scientific progress increasingly occurs at the boundaries between multiple disciplines. In response, the U.S. National Science Foundation has been funding projects in Integrative Graduate Education, Research, and Training (IGERT) to train a new generation of interdisciplinary scientists. The IGERT Ph.D. program in “Watershed Science and Policy” at Southern Illinois University (SIU) builds each year's student class as a diverse “cadre” who work intensively together on one hot-button river basin. The structure of these projects, and other program elements, are reviewed here along with successes and challenges to date. One challenge is the seeming tradeoff between (1) the development of tightly focused expertise versus (2) the breadth that characterizes interdisciplinary research. We conclude that interdisciplinary scientists must have disciplinary depth, but so too should they be trained in collaboration and integrating their results to address the challenges that face today's complex world.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2014-01-30
    Description: As we progress into the 21 st century, change is an increasingly central theme for water professionals and for professionals in sectors where water plays a central role. Building the capacity of professionals in water and closely related sectors to lead such change will be an essential component of the response to global water challenges this century. This paper provides a contribution by critically developing a concept, the T-shaped water professional, as a framework for the design of curricula for educational programs to build the capacity of water professionals to stimulate and drive processes of innovation and change. The T-shaped water professional concept integrates insights from leadership, organizational management, learning theory, collaboration, critical thinking, and praxis. In doing so, the concept provides a response to two basic questions – (i) what skills and knowledge do water professionals need to stimulate and lead change, and; (ii) how can we develop them?
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2014-03-04
    Description: Computer modeling is a useful tool for integrating approaches from different disciplines to address complex water and climate issues, but because academic training is typically disciplinary, many scientists and practitioners are not aware of modeling techniques in other disciplines or ways that different models can be integrated to address complex questions. Since 2005, we have conducted a course on interdisciplinary modeling that provides lectures and laboratory exercises from different disciplines as well as topics related to interdisciplinary modeling such as issues of scale and uncertainty. Students work in interdisciplinary teams to integrate modeling approaches from different disciplines to address issues related to water and climate. In this paper, we provide a description of course development and implementation, results of course evaluations of course content, lessons learned, and future needs for educating students about interdisciplinary approaches. We also provide results of surveys of course participants regarding course effectiveness and sustainability.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2014-03-04
    Description: Climate change is, by its nature, a truly interdisciplinary topic. While college level science classes now frequently include exposure to climate change issues, not all science majors, math majors and future math K-12 teachers are likely to see climate issues in the course of their studies. Here we present one self-contained topic that can be presented to those students without requiring too much additional explanation about climate change issues. This case study also can serve to illustrate the rather sophisticated concept of a “tipping point” to a diverse science audience without advanced training in dynamical systems. We consider the effect of solar radiation on the size of ice caps, and show that small changes in solar radiation can cause major irreversible changes in the size of ice caps. We present two sets of exercises that students can be asked to work on their own, after the overall conceptual model has been presented during the class. This material was inspired by the experience gained by one of the authors in teaching Interdisciplinary Modeling: Water-Related Issues and Climate Change course in summer 2012. It was used by the authors in a Math 420/620 Mathematical Modeling class at the University of Nevada, Reno in Fall 2012.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2014-03-04
    Description: Climate change is likely to alter the scarcity of water resources, contributing to increased concern among policymakers and water managers about how to best allocate water among competing uses. Hydroeconomic models provide a means of integrating human and biophysical systems to understand the impacts of alternative water policies. This article discusses foundational concepts related to economic efficiency, with a specific focus on the equimarginal principle, and presents a modeling framework that demonstrates how to use these concepts as a starting point for an interdisciplinary model of water resources management. The modeling framework accommodates concerns about allocating water across competing uses, over time, and with stochastic water availability.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-03-04
    Description: We describe one approach of teaching vadose zone (VZ) processes to non-vadose zone (NVZ) scholars interested in the water and climate change nexus. Our objective is to introduce key models and input parameters, briefly explain the mechanics of solving the problem using the Richards equation approach, and to point out alternative and scale-dependent approaches and solutions. Our goal is to provide enough information such that students gain some familiarity with key terms, have a rudimentary mechanistic understanding, and most importantly, know where to look for more information. We recognize that in some situations a significant amount of complexity is embedded within problem solutions, and we have not attempted to broaden the scope to include every interaction. Rather, we focus on the defining principles of soil-water physics to introduce the VZ to NVZ scholars. We propose the use of water as a lens to allow for an accessible categorization of VZ processes. This in turn will form the foundation for the impact of those models on student learning, experiences and attitudes towards VZ modeling.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-03-04
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-03-04
    Description: In New Mexico, increasing demand for water, combined with limited supplies and periodic drought, is placing additional stress on traditional acequia communities. Research on the hydrology of acequia agriculture in northern New Mexico has been carried out in three communities and their associated watersheds and irrigated valleys. Critical to the effort has been the participation of the acequias and individual farmers, ranchers, and other community member stakeholders. Participation in hydrology research included assistance in altering flows in acequias, and access to private property and wells, critical to obtain ground and surface water measurements. Further research that integrated hydrologic data with ecosystem, land-use, economics, and sociocultural data, via development of a system dynamics model, required community member participation through surveys, interviews, and workshops to develop, calibrate and refine the model.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-03-04
    Description: Space and time are the domains used by every model in the applied environmental sciences, with the latter normally considered to add a fourth dimension to our simulated versions of reality. Dealing with modern challenges in water-related disciplines requires that we extend our historical perspective as far back as possible to capture underlying long-term dynamics that would otherwise be impossible to detect. At the same time, performing and interpreting retrospective studies demands an understanding of their strengths and weaknesses. Here I attempt to clarify both the importance of the past and the inevitable “paleo conundrum” associated with it by drawing on personal experience and on research projects conducted using tree-ring records in the western U.S. How to best incorporate proxy data, together with instrumental observations, into models used to manage water resources for coping with an uncertain future remains a non-trivial task.
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