ALBERT

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 21 October 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Volume 942〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Viacheslav A. Li, Timothy M. Classen, Steven A. Dazeley, Mark J. Duvall, Igor Jovanovic, Andrew N. Mabe, Edward T.E. Reedy, Felicia Sutanto〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉We report the first clear observation of neutron/gamma-ray pulse-shape sensitivity of a fully-instrumented 8 × 8 array of plastic scintillator segments coupled to two 5 cm 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si19.svg"〉〈mo〉×〈/mo〉〈/math〉 5 cm 64-channel SiPM arrays as part of a study of the key metrics of a prototype antineutrino detector module designed for directional sensitivity. SANDD (a Segmented AntiNeutrino Directional Detector) will eventually comprise a central module of 64 elongated segments of  〈sup〉6〈/sup〉Li-doped pulse-shape-sensitive scintillator rods, each with a square cross section of 5.4 mm 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si19.svg"〉〈mo〉×〈/mo〉〈/math〉 5.4 mm, surrounded by larger cross section bars of the same material. The most important metrics with the potential to impact the performance of the central module of SANDD are neutron and gamma-ray pulse-shape sensitivity using silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), particle identification via scintillator rod multiplicity, and energy and position resolution. As a first step, we constructed a prototype detector to investigate the performance of a central SANDD-like module using two 64-channel SiPM arrays and rods of undoped pulse-shape-sensitive plastic scintillator.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 1 October 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Volume 940〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Erik Vesselli〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 1 July 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Martin Bessner, on behalf of the Belle II iTOP group〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The iTOP detector is a novel Cherenkov detector developed for barrel particle identification at Belle II, an upgrade of the previous Belle experiment at KEK. The SuperKEKB accelerator, an upgrade of KEKB, collides electrons and positrons with a design luminosity of 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si3.svg"〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉8〈/mn〉〈mi〉⋅〈/mi〉〈mn〉1〈/mn〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉0〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉35〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈mspace width="0.16667em"〉〈/mspace〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi mathvariant="normal"〉cm〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉−〈/mo〉〈mn〉2〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈mspace width="0.16667em"〉〈/mspace〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi mathvariant="normal"〉s〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉−〈/mo〉〈mn〉1〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈/mrow〉〈/math〉. In order to exploit the high collision rate, Belle II has a trigger frequency of up to 30 kHz. The iTOP detector uses quartz bars as source of Cherenkov photons. The photons are reflected inside the bars until they hit photomultipliers at one end. The spatial distribution and precise arrival times of the detected photons are used to reconstruct the Cherenkov angle. The photon arrival times have to be measured with a resolution better than 100 ps to achieve a good pion–kaon separation. Microchannel plate photomultipliers together with dedicated high-speed electronics for 2.7 GSa/s waveform sampling are used to achieve this timing resolution. The iTOP detector consists of 16 modules with 512 channels each, in total the detector has 8192 channels. First collisions were recorded in spring 2018. A phase of physics operation with a ramp up to full luminosity starts in March 2019. The design of the iTOP detector is shown and experience and results from initial operation are discussed together with an outlook on future running conditions.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 30 August 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Shuang Zhou, Feng Li, Peng Miao, Xinxin Wang, Naijie Zhang, Liang Han, Ge Jin〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This paper presents an automatic test system(ATS) for the pad front-end board(pFEB) and strip front-end board(sFEB) of ATLAS small-strip Thin Gap Chamber(sTGC) detector. The pFEB is designed to readout signals of pads and wires of sTGC detector, and the sFEB is designed to readout signals of strips of sTGC detector. There will be thousands of pFEBs and sFEBs produced in mass production (including spare p/sFEBs), and all of them must pass the quality tests before delivery. To reduce the time and man power cost of the quality tests, we developed this automatic test system for mass production tests of p/sFEBs. The test system consists of a FEB Test Board(FTB), a Test Pulse Board(TPB) and a control software. The FTB connects with p/sFEB through mini-SAS cables and communicates with the control software through Gigabit Ethernet. The TPB injects external test signals to p/sFEB through GFZ. The control software provides several interfaces to set configuration parameters for p/sFEB and controls the test processes. The FTB sends configuration data to p/sFEB, and then readouts data from the them. The output data includes 4.8Gbps trigger data, 640Mbps level-1 event data, and so on. They are analyzed in FTB and then sent to the control software. The test system can automatically scan main functions and performances of p/sFEB, including channels performances, the configuration chain, the data chain, the trigger chain, etc. The specific characteristics and implementations are described in detail.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 29 August 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Clio C. Sleator, Andreas Zoglauer, Alexander W. Lowell, Carolyn A. Kierans, Nicholas Pellegrini, Jacqueline Beechert, Steven E. Boggs, Terri J. Brandt, Hadar Lazar, Jarred M. Roberts, Thomas Siegert, John A. Tomsick〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) is a balloon-borne 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si130.svg"〉〈mi〉γ〈/mi〉〈/math〉-ray (0.2-5 MeV) telescope designed to study astrophysical sources. COSI employs a compact Compton telescope design utilizing 12 high-purity germanium double-sided strip detectors and is inherently sensitive to polarization. In 2016, COSI was launched from Wanaka, New Zealand and completed a successful 46-day flight on NASA’s new Super Pressure Balloon. In order to perform imaging, spectral, and polarization analysis of the sources observed during the 2016 flight, we compute the detector response from well-benchmarked simulations. As required for accurate simulations of the instrument, we have built a comprehensive mass model of the instrument and developed a detailed detector effects engine which applies the intrinsic detector performance to Monte Carlo simulations. The simulated detector effects include energy, position, and timing resolution, thresholds, dead strips, charge sharing, charge loss, crosstalk, dead time, and detector trigger conditions. After including these effects, the simulations closely resemble the measurements, the standard analysis pipeline used for measurements can also be applied to the simulations, and the responses computed from the simulations are accurate. We have computed the systematic error that we must apply to measured fluxes at certain energies, which is 6.3% on average. Here we describe the detector effects engine and the benchmarking tests performed with calibrations.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 21 November 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Volume 945〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): G.S. Peters, O.A. Zakharchenko, P.V. Konarev, Y.V. Karmazikov, M.A. Smirnov, A.V. Zabelin, E.H. Mukhamedzhanov, A.A. Veligzhanin, A.E. Blagov, M.V. Kovalchuk〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉A small-angle X-ray scattering beamline BioMUR has been constructed and is now in operation at the Kurchatov synchrotron radiation source (Moscow Russian Federation). Using X-ray optic elements and equipment of the former beamlines DICSY (Kurchatov source) and X33 (EMBL c/o DESY) Hamburg, Germany, BioMUR has been commissioned to deliver an optimized configuration that provides a significant improvement in the quality of small-angle scattering patterns at the Kurchatov synchrotron radiation source. It allows one to study a wide spectrum of samples at different conditions using the automated control software.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 21 November 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Volume 945〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): S. Shimizu, K. Horie, Y. Igarashi, H. Ito, K. Kamada, S. Kimura, A. Kobayashi, M. Mihara, A. Yamaji, A. Yoshikawa〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉A new experimental method to search for 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si15.svg"〉〈mi〉T〈/mi〉〈/math〉-violating transverse muon polarization (〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si2.svg"〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉P〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉T〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉) in the 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si52.svg"〉〈mrow〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉K〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉+〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈mo〉→〈/mo〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉π〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉0〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉μ〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉+〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈mi〉ν〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈/math〉 (〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si4.svg"〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉K〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉μ〈/mi〉〈mn〉3〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉) decay is proposed. In this new experiment, the measurements of the 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si53.svg"〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉μ〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉+〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈/math〉 momentum vector, the 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si55.svg"〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉π〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉0〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈/math〉 momentum vector, and the 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si53.svg"〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉μ〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉+〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈/math〉 polarization will be performed by the same electro-magnetic calorimeter. One of key issues is the choice of a scintillation material which can preserve the 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si53.svg"〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉μ〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉+〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈/math〉 spin polarization for several 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si53.svg"〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉μ〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉+〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈/math〉 lifetimes. A test experiment to measure the residual 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si53.svg"〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉μ〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉+〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈/math〉 polarization in a Ce〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si84.svg"〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mi mathvariant="normal"〉F〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉3〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉 scintillating crystal was performed at J-PARC Material and Life Science Facility (MLF). We concluded that the residual 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si53.svg"〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉μ〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉+〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈/math〉 polarization in Ce〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si84.svg"〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mi mathvariant="normal"〉F〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉3〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉 is high enough to perform the new 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si15.svg"〉〈mi〉T〈/mi〉〈/math〉-violation experiment.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 21 November 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Volume 945〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): D. Mezza, A. Allahgholi, J. Becker, A. Delfs, R. Dinapoli, P. Goettlicher, H. Graafsma, D. Greiffenberg, H. Hirsemann, A. Klyuev, M. Kuhn, S. Lange, T. Laurus, A. Marras, A. Mozzanica, J. Poehlsen, C. Ruder, B. Schmitt, J. Schwandt, I. Sheviakov〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉AGIPD, the Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector, is a hybrid detector with a frame rate of 4.5  〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si1.svg"〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉M〈/mi〉〈mi〉H〈/mi〉〈mi〉z〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈/math〉, a dynamic range up to 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si2.svg"〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉1〈/mn〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉0〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉4〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈mi〉⋅〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈/math〉 12.4 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si3.svg"〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉k〈/mi〉〈mi〉e〈/mi〉〈mi〉V〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈/math〉 photons, as well as single photon resolution, developed for the European XFEL (Eu.XFEL). The final 1 Mpixel detector system consists of 16 tiled modules each one with 16 readout chips. The single ASIC is 64 x 64 pixels, each with a size of 200 x 200 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si4.svg"〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉μ〈/mi〉〈msup〉〈mrow〉〈mi〉m〈/mi〉〈/mrow〉〈mrow〉〈mn〉2〈/mn〉〈/mrow〉〈/msup〉〈/mrow〉〈/math〉. Each pixel can store up to 352 images. This work is focused on the characterization of AGIPD1.1, the second version of the full scale ASIC, and the improvements with respect to AGIPD1.0. From the measurements presented in this paper we show that the flaws observed in AGIPD1.0 (i.e. ghosting, crosstalk, slow readout speed) have been fixed in AGIPD1.1. In addition the main performance parameters such as noise, dynamic range and so on were measured for the new version of the ASIC and will be summarized.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 11 November 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Volume 944〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Mukhtar Ahmed Rana〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This data bank is the result of systematic experiments on nuclear track etching, fission fragment track annealing, and radiation detection & measurement. Data highlights from a comprehensive nuclear track data bank, and related physics and chemistry are described here briefly and clearly. Uncertainties in the reported data are also presented. All the data presented were collected using the most sensitive nuclear track detector CR-39, or Poly A〈em〉llyl Diglycol Carbonate (PADC)〈/em〉, over two decades. Closely related data sets from the published literature are also reviewed. Necessary details of the reviewed data and their citations are clearly given in the data bank. Aim here is to present tabulated experimental raw data with essentially needed calculations. All the necessary information related to the data bank is described clearly. Study presented here is useful for research students and scientists who possess the rudimentary knowledge of nuclear track detection. Single tabulation of the data, instead of plots, is aimed at making easy access of the data to users.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 21 November 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Volume 945〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): S. Li, Z. Fang, K. Futatsukawa, F. Qiu, Y. Fukui, S. Shinozaki, Y. Sato〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is a multi-purpose high-intensity proton accelerator facility that consists of a 400 MeV linear accelerator (LINAC), a 3 GeV rapid-cycling synchrotron (RCS), a 30 GeV main ring synchrotron (MR), and experimental facilities. In 2018, to achieve the goal of a 1 MW beam power at the RCS, the beam current of the LINAC was increased from 30 to 50 mA. Based on the beam loading effect, such a strong beam current can cause a significant drop in the accelerating gradients. Although both feedback and normal static feedforward control schemes were used in the low-level radio frequency (LLRF) system to suppress the beam loading effect, the peak-to-peak stability of the RF field still does not meet the requirements of the LINAC (i.e., 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si1.svg"〉〈mo〉±〈/mo〉〈/math〉0.5% amplitude and 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si2.svg"〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉±〈/mo〉〈mn〉0〈/mn〉〈mo〉.〈/mo〉〈mn〉5〈/mn〉〈mo〉°〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/math〉 phase). To solve this problem, an iterative learning control (ILC) scheme was studied and implemented in the J-PARC LINAC. The beam loading compensation experiments demonstrate that the inclusion of the ILC controller improves the performance of the control system significantly. As the number of iterations increase, the tracking error of the system decreases monotonously. For the accelerating field with beam operation, compared to the performance with static feedforward control, the peak-to-peak stability of amplitude improves from greater than 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si1.svg"〉〈mo〉±〈/mo〉〈/math〉1% to less than 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si1.svg"〉〈mo〉±〈/mo〉〈/math〉0.4%, and the peak-to-peak stability of phase improves from 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si1.svg"〉〈mo〉±〈/mo〉〈/math〉1°to 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="si6.svg"〉〈mrow〉〈mo〉±〈/mo〉〈mn〉0〈/mn〉〈mo〉.〈/mo〉〈mn〉2〈/mn〉〈mo〉°〈/mo〉〈/mrow〉〈/math〉.〈/p〉〈/div〉