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  • JGR
  • Modelling
  • 1985-1989  (330)
  • 1970-1974  (74)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Generalized symmetry and its application to 3D shape generation (1989)
    Springer
    The visual computer 5 (1989), S. 83-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2315
    Schlagwort(e): Modelling ; Shape recovering ; Computer vision ; Man-machine interface ; Symmetry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract A new method for easily and rapidly generating three-dimensional shapes from two-dimensional line-drawings is presented. This method is based on the generalized symmetry constraint. Generalized symmetry is an extended concept of threedimensional symmetry and its axis is a 3D smooth curve. This paper first develops the definition and constraint of generalized symmetry, and then describes an algorithm which generates the three-dimensional shape of an object from its linedrawing. The generation algorithm is extended to generate generalized cylindrical objects from line-drawings. Several experiments by computer simulation verify that the algorithm can generate three-dimensional shapes from line-drawings.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01901484
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Applications of or in the oil industry (1988)
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 42 (1988), S. 99-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Schlagwort(e): Modelling ; oil production ; operational research ; pipelines ; scheduling
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik , Mathematik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01589395
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A model for the release of sulfur from elemental S and superphosphate (1989)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 19 (1989), S. 77-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Schlagwort(e): Modelling ; sulfur release
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract A mathematical model was developed to predict the release of sulfate from elemental S (S0) and gypsum in single superphosphate. The release algorithm is based on the observation that release is linearly related to particle surface area. Release rates under various conditions could then be described by the change in radius for each time increment, which allows easier comparison of release rates between different particle sizes. A model based on spherical particles was found to be adequate in accounting for the range of particle shapes found in crushed agricultural S0. Release rates calculated from experimental data range from 0.07 to 0.45µm/d depending on environmental conditions. Equations for incorporating the effects of environmental variables and the release of S from S0 and from the gypsum component of single superphosphate (SSP) were developed from the literature, and were incorporated within a larger model of S cycling. The model predicted that after 72 days, 99% of the S in SSP would have been released, compared to a release after one year of 54% of the S in sulfur-fortified superphosphate, and 23% of that in crushed agricultural grade S0. The model provides a means of assessing the effect of the particle size of S0 on release rates and should allow the formulation of fertilizers that supply S at a rate closer to the rate of plant uptake.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01054678
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Two-dimensional electromagnetic field effects in induction plasma modelling (1989)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 9 (1989), S. 25-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Schlagwort(e): Modelling ; induction plasmas ; flow and temperature field ; two-dimensional electromagnetic fields
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract Based on the electromagnetic vector potential representation, a two-dimensional, axisymmetric model is proposed for the calculation of the electromageetic fields in an inductively coupled, radiofrequency (r.f.) plasma. A comparative analysis made between the flow, temperature, and electromagnetic fields obtained using this model and those given by our earlier one-dimensional electromagnetic fields model show relatively little difference between the temperature fields predicted by the two models. Significant differences are observed, however, between the corresponding flow and electromagnetic fields. The new model offers an effective means of accounting for variations in the coil geometry on the flow and temperature fields in the discharge and for achieving a better representation of the electromagnetic fields under higher frequency conditions (f〉10 MHz).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01015825
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Forces in molecular recognition: Comparison of experimental data and molecular mechanics calculations (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of computer aided molecular design 2 (1988), S. 31-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4951
    Schlagwort(e): Antibiotic ; Vancomycin ; NMR ; Computer graphics ; Modelling ; Rotational barrier
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary NMR studies of the rotation barrier of the disaccharide of the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin have been used to test the performance of computer simulation techniques using molecular mechanics. In the absence of any solvated water, no correlation could be found between experiment and calculation. By introducing solvent water molecules into the binding region of the antibiotic, the NMR results could be simulated both qualitatively and quantitatively within experimental error without using massive computational resources.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01532051
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morphogenesis of plant cell walls at the supramolecular level: Internal geometry and versatility of helicoidal expression (1987)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 140 (1987), S. 75-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Schlagwort(e): Cell wall ; Helicoidal texture ; Modelling ; Flexibility ; Cellulose
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The concept of the cell wall organized in a helicoidal pattern was outlined. When studied in transmission electron microscopy, the observed textures appear as a deceptive figure,i.e., as a “trompe l'oeil”. Difficulties—both technological and visual in the reconstitution of the actual geometry (exposure of the microfibrillar framework, 3-dimensional and 4-dimensional restoration), and the interest of simple modelling to understand the changes in cellulose orientation according to space and time are emphasized. The morphogenesis of helicoidal walls presents two main characteristics: it is both very defined and flexible, thus adaptable to varied programs of differentiation and to different environmental conditions. The observations of various cell examples and of responses to experimental treatments, lead to the following considerations: a) the shift of cellulose occurs continuously with time through a constant mutual angle. The wall seems to be built up as an indefinite continuum and forms a monotonous oscillatory system (unvarying motion); b) the shift of cellulose occurs through a mutual angle variable with time (varying motion, change from monotonous helicoid to bimodal helicoid, or sporadic bursts with arrested motion). The helicoidal wall appears as a fibrous composite with multifunctional possibilities ranging from fluidity to stiffness. The helicoidal assembly is remarkably adaptable to different physiological conditions of growth and specialization.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01273716
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The relationship between species richness and standing crop in wetlands: the importance of scale (1988)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 79 (1988), S. 99-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Schlagwort(e): Diversity ; Modelling ; Vegetation type ; Wetland
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract One of the few important empirical generalizations regarding herbaceous plant systems has been the demonstration that species richness is related to standing crop with maximum richness occurring at moderate levels of standing crop. This relationship is normally demonstrated by comparing among vegetation types (i.e., vegetation with different dominants). We undertook this study to test whether the species richness-standing crop relationship was evident at a finer-grained level of organization, the within vegetation type level. Fifteen wetland sites were sampled in eastern Canada and species richness and standing crop determined in each of 224 0.25 m2 quadrats. Each site was relatively homogeneous in terms of the dominant species present and were therefore categorized as single vegetation types. However, as a group, the sites comprised a wide range of vegetation types. A second order polynomial regression indicated a significant bitonic relationship between species richness and standing crop at the among-vegetation types scale, that is, when all 15 sites were combined. At the within-vegetation type level, however, no significant relationships were observed (p〉0.05). The results indicate that the model of species richness proposed by Grime has predictive power at a coarse-grained level of organization, among vegetation types, but does not survive the transition to a finer-grained level of organization, the within vegetation type level. Therefore, the higher level processes which structure species richness patterns among vegetation types are not the same processes which determine richness patterns within a vegetation type.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00044853
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The role of expert systems in vegetation science (1987)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 69 (1987), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Schlagwort(e): Expert system ; Knowledge-based system ; Modelling
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract An area of artificial intelligence known as experts systems (or knowledge-based systems) is being applied in many areas of science, technology and commerce. It is likely that the techniques will have an impact on vegetation science and ecology in general. This paper discusses some of those impacts and concludes that the main effects will be in areas of applied ecology especially where ecological expertise is needed either quickly (e.g. disaster management) or across a wide range of ecological disciplines (e.g. land management decisions). Expert systems will provide ecologists with valuable tools for managing data and interacting with other fields of expertise. The impact of expert systems on ecological theory will depend on the degree to which ‘deep knowledge’ (i.e. knowledge based on first principles rather than on more empirical rules) is used in formulating knowledge bases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00038692
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Population dynamics of the Devils Hole pupfish (1985)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 13 (1985), S. 139-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Schlagwort(e): Cyprinodon ; Desert fishes ; Modelling ; Density-dependence ; Environmental factors ; Nevada
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Synopsis A model is constructed to simulate fluctuations in monthly population sizes of the Devils Hole pupfish between January 1973 and August 1976. A variety of biological parameters is estimated, and adult mortality is partitioned into natural and environmentally-dependent components. The simulations capture the seasonal fluctuations in population size, and only seven predicted population sizes differ from those observed by 20% or more. The model is used to make testable predictions about the life history of this species and interactions of the parameters are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002582
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The influence of microclimatic conditions on potential photosynthesis ofUsnea sphacelata: A model (1989)
    Springer
    Ecological research 4 (1989), S. 297-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1703
    Schlagwort(e): Antarctica ; Lichen activity ; Microclimate ; Modelling
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract At a boulder on a hill near Casey Station, Wilkes Land, sensors for light, temperature and humidity were installed facing the four cardinal directions. The measurements lasted for about two months of the summer season 1985/86. The data recording was carried out at intervals of 6 minutes for all probes by automatic recording instruments. Data analysis was carried out with special regard to the biological effects of the parameters analyzed. These data of the microclimatic features taken from its original place of growth were used to a regression model of potential photosynthetic activity ofUsnea sphacelata, which is a characteristic species of this area. Although the individual time courses of the above mentioned parameters show long periods of favourable conditions for possible growth and metabolic processes, the combined analysis of these variables considering threshold values for metabolism shortens these time spans drastically. Thus, cross relationships within the physical descriptors and their effects on the actual values of photosynthesis as well as respiration become evident. They are illustrated by the results of models on photosynthesis and respiration ofU. sphacelata regarding the different cardinal directions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02348450
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