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  • 1
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydrocarbon production, gas recovery from shale, CO2 storage and water management have a common scientific underpinning: multiphase flow in porous media. This book provides a fundamental description of multiphase flow through porous rock, with emphasis on the understanding of displacement processes at the pore, or micron, scale. Fundamental equations and principal concepts using energy, momentum, and mass balance are developed, and the latest developments in high-resolution three-dimensional imaging and associated modelling are explored. The treatment is pedagogical, developing sound physical principles to predict flow and recovery through complex rock structures, while providing a review of the recent literature. This systematic approach makes it an excellent reference for those who are new to the field. Inspired by recent research, and based on courses taught to thousands of students and professionals from around the world, it provides the scientific background necessary for a quantitative assessment of multiphase subsurface flow processes, and is ideal for hydrology and environmental engineering students, as well as professionals in the hydrocarbon, water and carbon storage industries
    Pages: xx, 482 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    ISBN: 978-1-107-09346-1
    Language: English
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-06-27
    Description: An interactive (multi-access) global identification key (OncIdent) has been developed for the pelagic marine microcopepod family Oncaeidae and made accessible online. Details of the general approach and development of the key are given in Bottger-Schnack and Schnack (J Nat Hist 49:2727-2741, 2015). After beta-testing, new additions include illustrations for all species and feature attributes considered, plus a textual summary of each species' feature states in the key. Additional taxonomic notes are given where required, highlighting morphological or molecular genetic peculiarities or problems, with links to large data bases leading directly to more comprehensive information about each species. The present paper briefly reviews the taxonomic background for key construction, summarizes the opportunities and limitations of the current online version OncIdent2.0, and provides guidance for its practical use.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: When volcanic mountains slide into the sea, they trigger tsunamis. How big are these waves, and how far away can they do damage? Ritter Island provides some answers.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: In this study we look beyond the previously studied effects of oceanic CO2 injections on atmospheric and oceanic reservoirs and also account for carbon cycle and climate feedbacks between the atmosphere and the terrestrial biosphere. Considering these additional feedbacks is important since backfluxes from the terrestrial biosphere to the atmosphere in response to reducing atmospheric CO2 can further offset the targeted reduction. To quantify these dynamics we use an Earth system model of intermediate complexity to simulate direct injection of CO2 into the deep ocean as a means of emissions mitigation during a high CO2 emission scenario. In three sets of experiments with different injection depths, we simulate a 100-year injection period of a total of 70 GtC and follow global carbon cycle dynamics over another 900 years. In additional parameter perturbation runs, we varied the default terrestrial photosynthesis CO2 fertilization parameterization by ±50 % in order to test the sensitivity of this uncertain carbon cycle feedback to the targeted atmospheric carbon reduction through direct CO2 injections. Simulated seawater chemistry changes and marine carbon storage effectiveness are similar to previous studies. As expected, by the end of the injection period avoided emissions fall short of the targeted 70 GtC by 16–30 % as a result of carbon cycle feedbacks and backfluxes in both land and ocean reservoirs. The target emissions reduction in the parameter perturbation simulations is about 0.2 and 2 % more at the end of the injection period and about 9 % less to 1 % more at the end of the simulations when compared to the unperturbed injection runs. An unexpected feature is the effect of the model's internal variability of deep-water formation in the Southern Ocean, which, in some model runs, causes additional oceanic carbon uptake after injection termination relative to a control run without injection and therefore with slightly different atmospheric CO2 and climate. These results of a model that has very low internal climate variability illustrate that the attribution of carbon fluxes and accounting for injected CO2 may be very challenging in the real climate system with its much larger internal variability.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-06-19
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: In verschiedenen Hanglagen der Ortsgemeinde Essenheim in Rheinhessen (Rheinland-Pfalz) ist der Untergrund rutschgefährdet oder es sind fossile Rutschungen vorhanden. In einer dieser Hanglagen wurde die Erweiterung des Baugebietes „Domherrngärten" geplant. In der Folge dessen war zu klären, unter welchen Randbedingungen die Bebauung realisiert werden kann. Hierzu wurden in mehreren Kampagnen der geologische Untergrund mit Kernbohrungen untersucht und Inklinometermessstellen zur Beobachtung von Hangbewegungen eingerichtet. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse wurden im Rahmen einer Bachelorarbeit zur Durchführung von Standsicherheitsberechnungen genutzt. Auf der Basis aller Untersuchungsergebnisse werden Vorsorgemaßnahmen für die Bebauung in einem rutschgefährdetem Hang aufgezeigt.
    Description: Abstract: Various slopes in the village Essenheim in Rhinehessen/ Rhineland-Pala- tinate are prone to landslides. The planed extension of the building area „Domherrngärten II" is part of such an area. In succession it had to be discussed under which circumstances construction is possible. To analyze the geological features core drillings with rock sampling were executed as well as inclinometers (measurements to detect motion of the slope). The taken data was used in a Bachelor thesis to evaluate the slope stability. On the base of all results references for building on instable slopes are given.
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:624.151 ; Mainzer Becken ; Rutschungen ; Ingenieurgeologie ; TK 6014
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:article , publishedVersion
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-06-07
    Description: We characterize and decipher the resistome and the virulence factors of Shewanella algae MARS 14, a multidrug-resistant clinical strain using the whole genome sequencing (WGS) strategy. The bacteria were isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage of a hospitalized patient in the Timone Hospital in Marseille, France who developed pneumonia after plunging into the Mediterranean Sea. Results: The genome size of S. algae MARS 14 was 5,005,710 bp with 52.8% guanine cytosine content. The resistome includes members of class C and D beta-lactamases and numerous multidrug-efflux pumps. We also found the presence of several hemolysins genes, a complete flagellum system gene cluster and genes responsible for biofilm formation. Moreover, we reported for the first time in a clinical strain of Shewanella spp. the presence of a bacteriocin (marinocin). Conclusion: The WGS analysis of this pathogen provides insight into its virulence factors and resistance to antibiotics.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-06-07
    Description: Marine sponges and other sessile macro-organisms were collected at a shallow water hydrothermal site in Eyjafjörður, Iceland. Bacteria were isolated from the organisms using selective media for actinomycetes, and the isolates were screened for antimicrobial activity. A total of 111 isolates revealed antimicrobial activity displaying different antimicrobial patterns which indicates production of various compounds. Known test strains were grown in the presence of ethyl acetate extracts from one selected isolate, and a clear growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus was observed down to 0.1 % extract concentration in the medium. Identification of isolates shows different species of Actinobacteria with Streptomyces sp. playing the largest role, but also members of Bacilli, Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. Sponges have an excellent record regarding production of bioactive compounds, often involving microbial symbionts. At the hydrothermal vents, however, the majority of active isolates originated from other invertebrates such as sea anemones or algae. The results indicate that antimicrobial assays involving isolates in full growth can detect activity not visible by other methods. The macro-organisms inhabiting the Eyjafjörður hydrothermal vent area host diverse microbial species in the phylum Actinobacteria with antimicrobial activity, and the compounds responsible for the activity will be subject to further research.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-06-07
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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