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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative interpretations of hours information in an econometric model of labour supply (1993)
    Springer
    Empirical economics 18 (1993), S. 393-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Keywords: J22 ; C52 ; C24
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines the labour supply behaviour of married women in France. A sequence of models is specified and estimated which incorporate different amounts of information on observed weekly hours. In all models the distinction is drawn between search and non-participation among non-workers. We provide extensive specification diagnostics, including Heckman-Andrews tests, as well as Hausman tests for the comparison of different handlings of the hours information. It turns out that distinguishing between part-time, full-time and long hours gives virtually the same results as treating observed hours as reflecting desired hours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01176195
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear taxes in a life-cycle consistent model of family labour supply (1994)
    Springer
    Empirical economics 19 (1994), S. 1-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Keywords: Family labour supply, life-cycle consistency ; nonlinear taxes ; bivariate tobit analysis ; H27 ; J22
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with family labour supply under nonlinear income taxation in a life-cycle consistent framework. A major purpose of the paper is, therefore, to bring together previous research on how to model joint supply decisions, life-cycle consistency and piecewise linear taxation, and then perform an econometric application using Swedish cross-section data. The paper starts by constructing an intertemporal model of household behaviour, which is used to derive optimal hours of work for the husband and the wife, respectively. Then, given the appropriate theoretical framework, the model is specified in a way suitable for econometric analysis. Regarding the estimation results, we find that both male and female labour supply are sensitive not only to changes in the own marginal wage rate and the virtual nonlabour income, but also to changes in the marginal wage rate of the spouse. The latter means that cross-wage effects are important when it comes to interpret the consequences of income taxation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01205725
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of an endogenous switching regression model with discrete dependent variables: Monte-Carlo analysis and empirical application of three estimators (1999)
    Springer
    Empirical economics 24 (1999), S. 225-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Keywords: Key words: Endogenous switching ; discrete dependent variables ; two-stage estimators ; Monte-Carlo simulations ; farm women's off-farm work participation ; JEL classification: C35 ; Q12 ; J22
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract. The performances of alternative two-stage estimators for the endogenous switching regression model with discrete dependent variables are compared, with regard to their usefulness as starting values for maximum likelihood estimation. This is especially important in the presence of large correlation coefficients, in which case maximum likelihood procedures have difficulties to converge. Monte-Carlo simulations indicate that an estimator that corrects for conditional heteroskedasticity of the residuals is superior in almost all instances, and especially when maximum likelihood is problematic. This result is also obtained in an empirical example in which off-farm work participation equations of farm women are conditional on farm work participation status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001810050053
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rationality in the Discovery of Empirical Laws (1999)
    Springer
    Foundations of science 4 (1999), S. 357-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8471
    Keywords: discovery ; Feyerabend ; Kepler ; rationality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract In this paper I argue against the traditional viewthat in discovery processes there is no place forrational decisions. First I argue that some historicalprocesses in which an empirical law was developed,were rational. Second, I identify some of themethodological rules that we can follow in order to berational when constructing an empirical law. Finally,I argue that people who deny that scientific discoverycan be rational do not understand the nature ofmethodological rules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009600614510
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kuhn'sThe Structure of Scientific Revolutions revisited (1995)
    Springer
    Journal for general philosophy of science 26 (1995), S. 75-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8587
    Keywords: Kuhn ; Wittgenstein ; paradigm ; incommensurability ; language games ; relativism ; rationality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Summary The present paper argues that there is an affinity between Kuhn'sThe Structure of Scientific Revolutions and Wittgenstein's philosophy. It is maintained, in particular, that Kuhn's notion of paradigm draws on such Wittgensteinian concepts as language games, family resemblance, rules, forms of life. It is also claimed that Kuhn's incommensurability thesis is a sequel of the theory of meaning supplied by Wittgenstein's later philosophy. As such its assessment is not fallacious, since it is not an empirical hypothesis and it does not have the relativistic implications Kuhn's critics repeatedly indicated. Although concepts are indeed relative to a language game or paradigm, interparadigmatic intelligibility is preserved through the standard techniques of translation or praxis. The impossibility of radical translation which is captured by the claim of incommensurability lies with that which cannot be said but only shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01130927
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrating psychology and methodology (1990)
    Springer
    Journal for general philosophy of science 21 (1990), S. 293-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8587
    Keywords: psychology ; Külpe ; methodology ; Popper ; rationality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Summary The importance of the problem of how to integrate psychology and methodology was rediscovered by Oswald Külpe. He noted that Wundt's psychology was inadequate and that a new methodology was needed to construct an alternative. Külpe made real progress but his program turned out to be quite difficult: he had no appropriate method for integrating the two fields. August Messer tried to fill the gap but failed. The problem was largely dropped due to poor methods at hand for studying it but remained important due to Popper's methodology and de Groot's psychology at least. We may now more effectively return to it by using a bootstrap method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01801040
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical progress: Between reason and society (1993)
    Springer
    Journal for general philosophy of science 24 (1993), S. 43-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8587
    Keywords: mathematics ; progress ; rationality ; methodology ; historiography ; cognitive and social factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Summary Is mathematical knowledge the product of a method fulfilling temporally and locally invariant criteria and thus manifesting a rationality which sets it entirely apart from all other cultural products? Or is it a socially constructed product, sharing in the accidental and conventional nature of all historically contingent cultural products? In order to be able to take the latter point of view at all seriously into consideration, the most sophisticated and historically informed methodological model is carefully and critically examined. This (Lakatosian) model, however liberal and history-directed it may seem, turns out to incorporate the former, (methodo)logical view of the development of mathematics. It will be demonstrated that the basic assumption underlying Lakatosian methodology is both unwarranted and superfluous for the rational explanation of the growth of mathematical knowledge. This leads to the provisional conclusion that the relevant question is not whether mathematical progress derives ultimately from irreducibly cognitive or from irreducibly social factors, but how cognitive and social factors are interrelated and together, in their indivisible unity, are constitutive of the development of mathematical knowledge. In the forthcoming second part of the article, a model of this socio-cognitive interplay, relying heavily on empirical analyses, will be presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00769514
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The prospects for an evolutionary psychology: Human language and human reasoning (1996)
    Springer
    Minds and machines 6 (1996), S. 541-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8641
    Keywords: Adaptation ; cognition ; evolutionary psychology ; human evolution ; language ; rationality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract Evolutionary psychology purports to explain human capacities as adaptations to an ancestral environment. A complete explanation of human language or human reasoning as adaptations depends on assessing an historical claim, that these capacities evolved under the pressure of natural selection and are prevalent because they provided systematic advantages to our ancestors. An outline of the character of the information needed in order to offer complete adaptation explanations is drawn from Robert Brandon (1990), and explanations offered for the evolution of language and reasoning within evolutionary psychology are evaluated. Pinker and Bloom's (1992) defense of human language as an adaptation for verbal communication, Robert Nozick's (1993) account of the evolutionary origin of rationality, and Cosmides and Tooby's (1992) explanation of human reasoning as an adaptation for social exchange, are discussed in light of what is known, and what is not known, about the history of human evolution. In each case, though a plausible case is made that these capacities are adaptations, there is not enough known to offer even a semblance of an explanation of the origin of these capacities. These explanations of the origin of human thought and language are simply speculations lacking the kind of detailed historical information required for an evolutionary explanation of an adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389658
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cognitive rationality and alternative belief measures (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of risk and uncertainty 4 (1991), S. 299-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0476
    Keywords: uncertainty ; probability ; rationality ; belief
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract In this article, we first examine the various criticisms of the probabilistic model. Then we introduce capacities in order to show that if a probability measure corresponds to anesthetizing the belief of the agent's knowledge, it is then possible to suggest another type of rationality—namely, being able to describe a wise and a rash behavior when facing risk—and therefore another model of belief under uncertainty. While trying to specify various alternative measures, possibility, necessity, and measures resulting from a triangular norm or from a triangular conorm, we finally try to define the field of application of the probabilistic model as well as a sign of the rationality choice: constraint of mass-unity for traditional rationality, and constraint of duality for the one we present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00114159
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Status quo bias in decision making (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of risk and uncertainty 1 (1988), S. 7-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0476
    Keywords: decision making ; experimental economics ; status quo bias ; choice model ; behavioral economics ; rationality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Most real decisions, unlike those of economics texts, have a status quo alternative—that is, doing nothing or maintaining one's current or previous decision. A series of decision-making experiments shows that individuals disproportionately stick with the status quo. Data on the selections of health plans and retirement programs by faculty members reveal that the status quo bias is substantial in important real decisions. Economics, psychology, and decision theory provide possible explanations for this bias. Applications are discussed ranging from marketing techniques, to industrial organization, to the advance of science.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00055564
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