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  • Articles  (19)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (19)
  • Cryofixation  (19)
  • Natural Sciences in General  (19)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron microscopy of cryofixed and critical point-dried Coprinus cinereus
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Micron And Microscopica Acta 16 (1985), S. 115-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-6260
    Keywords: Coprinus cinereus ; Cryofixation ; critical point-drying ; spore-bearing gills
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0739-6260(85)90040-1
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The study of the cell nucleus using cryofixation and cryosubstitution
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Micron 24 (1993), S. 507-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4328
    Keywords: Cryofixation ; cell nucleus ; cryosubstitution ; ultrastructure
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0968-4328(93)90027-X
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryofixation, cryosubstitution, cryoembedding for ultrastructural, immunocytochemical and microanalytical studies
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Micron 25 (1994), S. 63-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-4328
    Keywords: Cryofixation ; cryoembedding ; cryosubstitution ; immunocytochemistry ; microanalysis ; ultrastructure
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0968-4328(94)90056-6
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Freeze-fracture study of Bodo sp. (Kinetoplastida: Bodonidae) (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 30 (1995), S. 246-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Bodonidae ; Cell surface ; Chemical fixation ; Cryofixation ; Quick freeze ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Freeze-fracture technique was used to analyse the structure of conventionally fixed and quickly frozen Bodo sp., a free-living kinetoplastid. In the former method, chemically fixed and cryopreserved cells presented a corrugated membrane pattern in the flagella and cell body surfaces. In the latter, however, replicas from quickly frozen unfixed flagellates showed membranes with a smoother aspect, allowing the observation of intramembranous particles (IMPs) on the fracture faces, hardly detectable in previously fixed samples. The IMPs were randomly distributed throughout the cell surface, except in the sparsely seen short IMP rows. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070300305
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Freeze-Substitution for morphological and immunocytochemical studies in insects (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 488-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Cryofixation ; Cryosubstitution ; Olfactory sensilla ; Thermo-/hygroreceptive sensilla ; Pheromone-binding protein ; Bombyx mori ; Antheraea polyphemus ; Poecilocampa populi ; Boreus hiemalis ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Methods of plunge freezing and freeze-substitution (FS) for insect antennae and similar body appendages are described. In these more or less cylindrical specimens, usually a layer below the cuticular surface of 10-15 μm thickness is well preserved without freezing damage, further inwards ice-crystal ghosts of increasing size are encountered, but in the very centre of antennal branches (diameter ∼80 μm) of the silkmoth, Bombyx mori, freezing damage is usually reduced again. The frost-hardy species, Poecilocampa populi and Boreus hiemalis, exhibit regions free from freezing damage up to 40 μm below the cuticular surface. Secondary freezing damage in silkmoth sensory hairs is observed only after deliberately warming the specimens to -43°C for 〉〉10 min before FS. Secondary artefacts due to the substitution process are investigated by comparison with freeze-etching and by comparing different FS media and protocols. Methanol is not recommended as a substitution medium for insect specimens. Structures particularly liable to substitution damage are the stimulus-conducting pore tubules of olfactory sensilla and the receptor cell membrane. Extraction of soluble components is more likely with pure organic solvents without added chemical fixing agents and with prolonged substitution at elevated temperatures. Such extraction may also be a possible artefact with soluble antigens in immunocytochemical studies. A review is given of the major achievements attained with these techniques in insect functional morphology and immunocytochemistry. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070240605
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Programmable freeze-substitution and cryo-embedding device (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 173-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Cryoelectron microscopy ; Cryofixation ; Freeze-substitution ; Low temperature embedding ; Vitrification ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The construction and performance of a modular and fully controlable freeze-substitution device are described. The core of the device consists of a heavy brass block providing a large, stable thermal mass. The block is composed of two perforated plates and a base plate forming nine deep wells, which enable the concomitant substitution of several samples in various substitution fluids, and in large volumes. The wells are surrounded by an isometric network of tunnels through which either liquid nitrogen or hot air can flow. The isometric network enables heat transfer across short uniform distances throughout the entire block's volume, thus minimizing temperature gradients and differences. The temperature of the substitution fluid, rather than that of the metal block, is monitored by a programmable controller, enabling the presetting of any freeze-substitution regime. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070240209
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative X-ray microanalysis of P, Ca, and S in the mucus secretory granules of the cryofixed frog palate epithelium (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 28 (1994), S. 141-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: X-ray microanalysis ; Respiratory epithelium ; Secretory cells ; Cryofixation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: In respiratory epithelium, the mucus is densely packed inside the secretory granules (SG) of secretory cells (SC) before being released by exocytosis in the airway lumen. We have previously shown that the frog palate is a representative model of respiratory epithelium and that rapid cryofixation is a very effective technique in preserving the integrity of the mucus SG. The concentration of phosphorus (P), sulphur (S), and calcium (Ca) were analysed inside the SG of the SC of frog palate after quick freezing, cryosubstitution, and embedding in Lowicryl resin at low temperature. The experiments were carried out using X-ray microanalysis conducted with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) at 100 kV. The quantitation was carried out using the continuum method with reference to Agar standards. The cryofixation permitted us to distinguish two types of SG depending on whether they were electron dense (serous cells) or electron-lucent (mucous cells). A significant (P 〈 0.001) difference in the S concentration was observed between the individual serous (239 ± 79 mmol.kg-1) and the mucous SG (161 ± 48 mmol.kg-1). No significant difference could be identified in the Ca concentration between the two SG phenotypes. In the serous SG, the P content was high (41 ± 17 mmol.kg-1) compared with the mucous SG where it was not measurable. The comparison of the three element concentrations in each type of secretory cells showed that significant differences in concentration of S and Ca concentration could be observed from one SC cell to another. A significant correlation (r = 0.76, P 〈 0.01) was observed between the S concentration and the topographical position of the SG inside the SC, the more proximal to the lumen, the higher the S concentration, suggesting that the maturation of the SG involves an increase in the protein content possibly due to a maturation process before the mucus exocytosis. Therefore, these results suggest that the elemental composition of granules varies according to the phenotype of the secretory cells and that changes in the S content from one SG to another or even inside the same cell may reflect a differential state in the functional activity of the secretory cells. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070280205
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intercellular junctions in embryonic chick cardiac muscle revealed by rapid freezing and freeze-substitution (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 20 (1992), S. 305-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Cryofixation ; Development ; Fasciae adherentes ; Desmosomes ; Myocardium ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Using the method of rapid freezing and freeze-substitution, the embryonic chick cardiac muscle was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Initially, the intercellular junctional complexes (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) were formed in close proximity to each other along a nearly straight line. Subsequently, the separation of fasciae from desmosomes took place to form intercalated discs. The cell membranes of fasciae adherentes were reinforced with highly interwoven fine fibrils at which myofibrils terminated. The intercellular space of fasciae was bridged with fine fibrillar structures seemingly connected by a thin line at their middle portions. In the intercellular space of desmosomes, central lamina and traversing filaments were clearly observed. The outer and inner leaflets of the desmosomal plasmalemma were asymmetrically differentiated; the outer leaflet was thinner than the inner leaflet. On the inner side of the cell membrane, an electron-lucent layer and a dense desmosomal plaque were observed. The latter structure had protrusions with less electron density towards the cytoplasmic side. Further inside, a meshwork of fine fibrils was seen along and toward which bundles of intermediate filaments ran. The results obtained with freeze-substitution appeared to provide more information than those with thin sections after conventional fixation or with replicas of chemically fixed/glycerinated or physically fixed/deep-etched materials.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070200311
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental morphology of insect olfaction: Tracer studies, x-ray microanalysis, autoradiography, and immunocytochemistry with silkmoth antennae (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 22 (1992), S. 336-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Bombyx mori ; Antheraea polyphemus ; Olfactory sensilla ; Cryofixation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The general morphology and methodological peculiarities of insect sensilla are briefly reviewed. The stimulus conducting pore-tubule systems of pheromone-sensitive sensilla of the silkmoths Bombyx mori and Antheraea polyphemus are described. Lipophilic tracers readily enter the hair lumen, while hydrophilic tracers do so only after prolonged extraction with lipid solvents and/or pronase. X-ray microanalysis demonstrates a high potassium content of the sensillum lymph; calcium was only found in the haemolymph above detection limit. Auxiliary cells rapidly take up radioactive leucine administered via the haemolymph. Antibodies against pheromone-binding protein of Antheraea polyphemus label the sensillum lymph of sensilla trichodea, but not of sensilla basiconica in A. polyphemus as well as in B. mori. The cytoplasm of auxiliary cells of the sensilla trichodea is also labelled. The results are discussed in context with present hypotheses on the role of sensillum lymph in stimulus transport and inactivation. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070220404
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved ultrastructural preservation of rat ciliary body after high pressure freezing and freeze substitution: A perspective view based upon comparison with tissue processed according to a conventional protocol or by osmium tetroxide/microwave fixation (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 11-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Cryofixation ; Electron microscopy ; Extracellular material ; Microtubules ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Conventional fixation of the delicate, highly folded rat ciliary body and its iridial extension, as well as of vitreal structures, is associated with the induction of a number of artifacts, thus limiting the reliability of morphological interpretations. Improved ultrastructural preservation may be achieved by microwave heating in combination with osmium tetroxide fixation. This protocol, although simple and cheap, yields results, particularly with respect to the extracellular matrix compartment between inner and outer ciliary epithelial cells, which are not greatly inferior to those obtained by implementing the sophisticated high pressure freezing and freeze substitution technique. The latter affords good to very good ultrastructural preservation of epithelium and stromal components, such as blood vessels, neural elements, smooth muscle cells, fibrocytes, and free cells, up to a depth of 50-100 μm from the tissue surface. Its superiority over osmium tetroxide/microwave fixation is revealed in the cytoplasmic, intraorganellar, and vitreal matrix compartments, which incur no obvious losses. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290103
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