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  • Journals
  • Articles  (210)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (210)
  • Blackwell Science, Ltd  (210)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (198)
  • Economics  (12)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Swedish preschool children's experience of food (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 26 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Focus group interviews were carried out at 12 preschools. The aim was to investigate children's perceptions and experiences of food, and the possibility of using focus group techniques with children aged 3–5 years. A total of 103 children participated. The children associated food and eating with rules and norms. Most children described these rules and norms as well as what they were and were not allowed to do. They knew very well the difference between acceptable and non-acceptable mealtime behaviour, and were especially aware of what they were not allowed to do. When children were asked to rate foods they ‘disliked’, they spoke instead about their favourite foods. They did not categorize food as good or bad, as adults often do, but as ‘food’ and ‘non-food’, for example, sweets were not food. The method used in this study, the focus group interview, was judged to be a useful tool for exploring how children think about and jointly reflect upon food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.t01-1-00227.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimating critical state soil mechanics parameters from constant cell volume triaxial tests (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of soil science 49 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Compaction, tillage, stresses around growing roots and other soil deformation events may be predicted by the critical state model of soil mechanics, but estimating the parameters is time consuming and expensive. We develop a back analysis of the constant cell volume triaxial test, in which the critical state parameters are derived from the results of a single test. This both saves much labour and provides more information than traditional analyses, which require several triaxial compression tests and an isotropic compression test to yield the same information. The method finds, using a minimization algorithm and a quasi-analytical solution to the stress–strain equations, the simulated soil deformation (and hence the properties used in that simulation) that best fits the test data. The minimization is a form of regression analysis.For normally consolidated samples the method provides stable estimates of the slope of the critical state line (M), the slope of the virgin compression line (λ) and elastic modulus (E). The standard errors of the estimates are small in relation to the means of these parameters. The estimates appear to be more reliable than those of more commonly used estimation procedures. The slope of the rebound line (κ) is estimated, but a measure of the accuracy of the estimate cannot be calculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2389.1998.00142.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissolved organic matter and its parent organic matter in grass upland soil horizons studied by analytical pyrolysis techniques (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of soil science 49 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: We have sought to understand the molecular mechanisms by which dissolved organic matter (DOM) forms and soil organic matter (SOM) degrades in upland peaty gley soil under grass. Pyrolysis mass spectrometry (Py-MS) and pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) were applied to characterize the DOM collected from lysimeters and its parent SOM. The macromolecular organic matter in the litter and fermentation (Lf) horizon of the soil consists primarily of little decomposed lignocellulose from grass, whereas the humus (Oh) horizon is characterized by an accumulation of selectively decomposed lignocellulose material, microbial metabolites and bound fatty acids. The mineral horizon produced a relative enrichment of furan structures derived from microbial reworking of plant polysaccharides but virtually no lignin signals. A series of exceptional long chain C43 to C53 fatty acids with odd over even predominance, probably derived from mycobacteria, were also identified in the Oh horizon. Side-chain oxidation and shortening, increase of carboxyl functionality and selective removal of syringyl (S) 〉 guaiacyl (G) 〉 p-hydroxyphenyl (P) lignin units were the main reactions when lignin degraded. Compared with SOM, the DOM shows a large accumulation of more oxidized lignin and aromatic structures, especially those containing carboxylic and dicarboxylic acid functionalities and with shorter side-chain length. The polysaccharide-type compounds in the DOM were more modified (greater abundance of furan structures in pyrolysis products), and had significantly lower molecular weight and more diverse polymeric structures than did those in soils. Increased temperature and rainfall appeared to result in greater relative abundance of lignin degradation products and aromatic compounds in DOM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2389.1998.00141.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cooking, recipe use and food habits of college students and nutrition educators (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 26 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to revisit Lewin's gatekeeper theory to observe current food role patterns (cooking experience, recipe sources, and both daily food consumption choices and eating out) with contemporary groups of college students (n = 292) and of nutrition educators (n = 26). Male college students equalled female students in cooking ability, use of family as a prime recipe source, and frequency of eating out, while exhibiting different food consumption excesses and deficiencies. Package labels and the Internet were most frequently identified as recipe sources by college students. Nutritionists surpassed both male and female college students in most attributes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00248.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An assessment of ethical obligation and self-identity in ethical consumer decision-making: a structural equation modelling approach (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 26 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Research has supported the addition of ethical obligation and self-identity to models of consumer decision-making in ‘ethical’ contexts. The particular placement of ethical obligation and self-identity within a model of ethical consumer decision-making remains unclear. Are these measures an antecedent to attitude or behavioural intention? This paper presents findings from a large scale survey of ethical consumers that explores, through structural equation modelling, the specific placement of these measures within a validated model of ethical consumer decision-making, which uses the theory of planned behaviour as an initial framework. This research is examined within the ‘ethical’ context of fair trade grocery purchasing. (Fairly traded products are those purchased under equitable trading agreements, involving co-operative rather than competitive trading principles, ensuring a fair price and fair working conditions for the producers and suppliers.)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00255.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of nutrition concerns and socioeconomic status with exercise habits (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 26 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between socio-economic characteristics and individual health behaviour patterns. Specifically, we looked at how individual demographics (i.e. age, gender, race, marital status, geographic location of households), socio-economic status (i.e. education, income, children in the households) and respondents’ nutrition concern were related to the major health behaviour (i.e. exercise). Telephone interviews were conducted to collect the data from 2880 US households. A Poisson regression model was estimated to analyse the factors influencing physical exercise habits of adults. Results showed that the key socio-economic variables influencing the exercise habit of US population were household income, education and family composition. The direct association of nutrition concern with exercise habits implied that health and nutrition programmes should emphasize good eating habit as well as healthy lifestyle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00246.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buyer–seller relationships for promotional support in the apparel sector (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 26 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Promotional supports provided by manufacturers are important to many retailers. With the intense competition for customers and heightened concern for profit margins, retailers’ cooperation is critical in the promotional process so that promotional services mutually benefit both manufacturers and retailers. The purpose of this study was to define promotional support categories offered to apparel retailers from manufacturers, to identify the retailer's perceptions of the offering frequency and importance of the promotional support, and to investigate the relationship between offering frequency and perceptions of importance. A descriptive research design was developed to survey 100 large retail organizations in the USA. Results indicated that monetary support was regarded as the promotional support offered the most and perceived by retailers to be the most important. Findings reveal an overall consistency between apparel retail buyers’ importance perception and manufacturers’ offering frequency of promotional support. A positive and significant correlation was found between items the buyers perceived as important and the frequency of offerings of these items. Indications were that manufacturers recognize their customers’ needs by matching the frequency of support offerings with which they offer the promotional support with the importance perception of buyers toward the promotional support. Future studies should identify and examine additional promotional support items. Also, examining the interrelationships among organizational variables, as well as combined effects on apparel retail buyers’ buying decision-making using a global model, needs to be investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00232.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An investigation into the availability and economic accessibility of food items in rural and urban areas of Northern Ireland (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 26 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The question of access to food has three components: physical access to food, financial access to food and access to information about food. This study explores the issue of financial access to food. The affordability of food is a major consideration for consumers, an important marketing tool for retailers and a principal theme in food policy. Research methods included a comparative shopping exercise (shopping basket analysis) in 109 stores across four towns (two urban and two rural) in Northern Ireland. Store type included multiples (major supermarket chains) and symbol group stores (those stores operating under a franchise from one main buying group). Results indicate that in the main it is cheaper to buy from the multiples, shopping from a symbol group store can incur cost penalties of up to 39.4% above the multiples’ prices. Price disparities, analysed using z-scores, were apparent between towns and across store types. Similarly, an availability audit of foodstuffs portrayed the multiples as the most comprehensive from which to shop, whereas symbol group stores fared poorly in the availability of fresh green vegetables, carcass meat and wholemeal breads. This is an important issue because it plays an integral part in the health inequality debate and also relates to social exclusion. Fundamentally, financial access to food impinges upon the whole question of food-purchasing behaviour in terms of accessibility, affordability and availability. Therefore, economic access to food can be used as a useful precursor to a comprehensive analysis of food access in its entirety. It is also useful as an indicator of social exclusion. This study seeks to inform and influence the food policy debate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00245.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Home economists’ perceptions of international development (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 26 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Little is known about home economists’ perceptions of international development (ID). This paper offers some insights about this issue gained from an interpretative, thematic analysis of a very small sample of participants who attended the 1996 International Federation of Home Economics Congress. The analysis suggests inconsistencies in how home economists understand ID and what is seen to constitute ID activities, a lack of consensus about the meaning of development work, a lack of certainty about the difference between criticism and critique and concern for the imposition of western ideology on southern countries. Seven themes for future research are offered to help gain a better understanding of how home economists perceive ID including: (1) the role of participatory action research, critical theory, science and critical reflective practice in ID; (2) meanings attached to the concepts of international, development and economic growth; (3) the necessity of positioning an ID philosophy in practice, curricula, research and policy; and (4) perceptions of what constitutes development activities at home and abroad.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00252.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of the US Food Stamp Program on the dietary quality of parents and their teenagers and children (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of consumer studies 26 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1470-6431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Although previous research finds that participation in Food Stamp Programs increases the nutrient availability of low-income households, examination of the dietary quality of parents, their teenagers (aged 13–18 years), and their children (aged 1–12 years) indicates that participation has no effect on dietary quality of any of these groups. Examination of data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals and Diet and Health Surveys, conducted in the USA, 1994–96, indicates that although transfer payments in the Food Stamp Program might improve quality of life in other areas by freeing income otherwise spent on food, the receipt of food assistance does not improve dietary quality. The findings show that children tend to eat healthier diets than their parents or teenage siblings. Implications are suggested regarding the use of transfer payments to improve the dietary quality of persons living in poverty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00231.x
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